Modern homes are distinguished by a variety of architectural styles and provide a wide field of activity for unusual design solutions. Nowadays, low-rise houses and cottages are very popular. For those who strive for the exclusivity and sophistication of building their home, there is an excellent solution - a combined type house.
The history of the chalet
The combined stone house combines environmental friendliness, durability and individuality. They can combine wood and stone, timber and brick. They are very practical and sometimes even cost effective.
Combined buildings have been used for a very long time. Their ancestors are the homes of alpine shepherds or the so-called chalets. These buildings had a stone bottom, and the superstructures and terraces were made of lighter materials or wood. Now such structures are firmly entrenched in our lives.
Advantages and advantages of combined buildings
Combined house designs built with mixed materials are very practical. Their advantage over other housing options exceeds all expectations. Usually the lower part of a combined house is built of stone and is considered to be non-combustible. This is, above all, excellent fire protection.
In this part, premises are designed that need reliable protection from fires: a kitchen, garage, sauna, bathhouse, and household premises such as a laundry or a boiler room are located. In addition, stone and wood are environmentally friendly building materials and have high strength, which ensures the durability of the building.
Another advantage of a combined type building is heat saving. The lower floor, made of bricks, will keep it cool even in hot weather, in winter it is kept warm by the heating system. The upper tier of the building is made of wood and, according to the laws of physics, it will always remain warm, even in the absence of heating, since wood perfectly retains heat, and it usually goes up.
But the main advantage of such buildings is their low cost, because the materials used for construction can be purchased in your region and do without delivery from other areas, which significantly reduces the cost, and construction does not require the involvement of special equipment and the terms of their commissioning are significantly reduced.
In addition to all these advantages, the combination diversifies the architecture, allows for free planning and an individual solution in the decoration of facades and interior.
The choice of material for construction
In the construction of combined houses, stones of natural origin can be used, but their cost will be very high. To reduce the cost of construction estimates, foam blocks, bricks are usually used during the construction of the first floor, or monolithic concrete is poured, since it is this tier that will bear the main load.
In the construction of the second floor, a lighter material is usually used - natural beams of coniferous trees or aspen. Most often, to reduce the cost of cost, a house is built from a combined bar. This is not inferior in design and quality to buildings made of natural materials.
Thanks to a special manufacturing technology, a building made from this material will last even longer than from natural wood.
Combination of materials in construction
Brick and wood play the same role as a finishing material, so they can be easily combined. Building a house made of combined bricks may not require additional finishing of the facade, since the combination of wood-brick looks attractive in itself, the main thing is to choose the right architectural style.
It is not necessary to design the structure according to the scheme, the first floor is stone, the second is wood. It is possible to envisage the frame of the second floor not made of wood, but of metal, then in the construction of the second floor there will be elements of masonry or panoramic glazing, which will give the cottage a more interesting architectural option.
If the combined house provides three levels, then it is safest to execute it according to the project: basement - a monolith of concrete; the first is a brick, and the second is a tree, timber or metal frame, followed by showcase glazing.
Combined facade finishing
The combined building does not have a specific style in the design of the facade. When choosing a building project, it is important to decide on its finish. It can be decorated in the same style, which will remove the external distinction between the first and second floors.
Options for such a finish can be different: facing brick masonry, panel decoration or decorative plaster. An alternative design option can be a combined facade of the house. This is the difference in finishes for the bottom and top of the house.
The first floor can be faced with brick, natural or decorative stone, ceramic tiles. If the second floor is made of timber, then it can be left in its original form, simply covered with varnish, or it can be revetted with clapboard or wall panels.
Disadvantages of combined houses and project choice
Having made for oneself a choice in favor of a combined construction, one must also take into account its disadvantages. We must not forget that the stone will last longer than wood and the service life of the first and second tiers is not the same. Therefore, when choosing a material, you need to carefully study the technologies with which it was produced, make a choice in favor of high-quality wood, and to assemble the frame, it is better to turn to specialists.
It is also required to pay attention to the correctness of the supply of communications in order to avoid moisture ingress on the wooden base and the quality of sealing of all wooden structures.
Before taking on the construction of a house, it is important to decide on its external architecture, to make a choice of design and a project of the building itself. To do this, you can contact construction companies, study photos of combined houses, get advice from an experienced designer and then the dream of a two-story cottage will become a reality.
Photo of combined houses
Let's figure out the reasons for their popularity, and then find out whether it is advisable to combine wood with stone.
The advantages of combined houses
Combined houses have remained attractive for a long time. Thanks to the use of modern materials and borrowings from (wide eaves, open beams,) the facades of such buildings look unusually impressive. The same applies to the interior, where it is easy to combine, for example, classics and country.
There is also a purely practical plus: even the most modern wood protection technologies are not able to maintain a cap over the entire service life of a log house, but if this crown is raised high above the ground, it is well ventilated and practically does not rot. Thus, owners can fully enjoy themselves without thinking about the upcoming complicated wall renovations.
Foundation selection
And now let's move on to the issues of construction practice and The base of a lightweight structure is unsuitable for a half-stone house. It is better to immediately exclude shallow (floating) tape and screw piles. In dry areas where a basement floor can be arranged, a full strip foundation is advisable. For heaving soils, a pile-grillage structure is perfect. The "Swedish" slab is reliable both on subsidence and heaving soils.
The choice of materials for walls
Now about the choice of wall materials. For the first floor, you can use all types of lightweight blocks, as well as any of the layered masonry options (for example, foam block + insulation + brick).
It is more difficult to decide on the second floor. Ideally, it should give minimal shrinkage, not require caulking and sheathing. Only meets these conditions. One-piece, chamber-dried profiled timber is 60–70% cheaper than glued, but shrinks at least 6% and looks less neat due to cracks.
With a rounded log, things are much more complicated: it must stand for at least a year, and you cannot heat the wooden floor. The seams between the logs will have to be caulked, another option is to use a thick synthetic (semi-synthetic) sealant and punch the seams with linen ropes.
It is hardly worth building the second floor from ordinary unplaned timber - the walls from it will be blown through, no matter what kind of sealant you use, moreover, expensive finishing will be required.
Since the second floor partly violates the concept of a combined house, it is advisable to choose a wall material taking into account modern requirements for thermal protection of buildings. Experts recommend for central Russia a beam 200–250 mm wide and a log with a diameter of 320–380 mm.
If aerated concrete blocks with a density of less than 600 kg / cubic meter are used for the walls of the first floor. m, from above it is required to fill in a concrete belt 15-25 cm high with a spatial frame made of reinforcement with a diameter of 10 mm. Without such reinforcement, the top row of masonry will not withstand the load from the overlap. In addition, the armopoyas allows you to support the release of logs under the arrangement of the balcony with steel consoles.
How to properly join wood and stone
Preparation of the site for the installation of the first crown
As a rule, it is enough to level the blocks or blocks on top with a layer of mortar 3–5 cm thick, reinforced with a steel masonry mesh. When building from heat-insulating foam blocks, an armored belt is required. Reinforced concrete reinforcement is also desirable if the building is being erected on problem soils - it will greatly reduce the likelihood of cracks in the stone walls above the openings.
Open crossbars made of massive beams and rafters with figured sawn-off ends will emphasize the building's closeness to the architectural tradition. For such structures, it is advisable to use glued wood, which is not subject to warping and cracking.
Preparing the first crown
When building from logs, the bottom of the flange is flattened to a width slightly more than the mezhventsov groove, and then the resulting plane is flattened out evenly. The first crown must be treated twice with an antiseptic. If used, it is advisable to shave off the locking protrusions from its lower surface. The backing board should only be made of larch.
Anchoring
Do I need to fasten the cap to the upper rows of masonry with anchors (mortgage pins)? Overall, this will of course increase the strength and rigidity of the box at home. However, calculations and practice show that time-consuming anchoring can be dispensed with - from the point of view of the wind resistance of the building box, there is no need for it.
Waterproofing
Masonry, even at a height of more than 2.5 m from the ground, is moistened by oblique rain, therefore, it is necessary to lay between it and the flap. It also performs the function of a sealant - crumpling under the mass of a bar (logs), compensates for small irregularities and prevents the joint from blowing. Optimum waterproofing is glass fiber impregnated with bitumen. The thickness of the material should be at least 5 mm, it should be glued to the base with mastic.
Interfloor overlap
Most often, they arrange overlapping on wooden beams, which are laid on the protrusions of the walls of the first floor. Reinforced concrete slabs (prefabricated or monolithic) must be erected before assembling the wooden part of the house. In this case, the plate should be thermally insulated along the contour.
When assembling a box made of laminated veneer lumber, different types of corner joints can be used - a traditional bowl (a), a dovetail (b) or a hidden key (c); the choice depends on the configuration of the building and the customer's wishes for the appearance of the facades. As a rule, the first crown is placed on a backing board made of antiseptic larch
Turnkey combined houses: choosing a contractor
There are specialized and versatile companies operating in the construction industry. The former work with a specific group of materials, while maintaining a clear division into "masons" and "carpenters". The latter, as a rule, conclude informal subcontracting agreements with small profile firms and private teams. By contacting a universal company, you will get rid of the need to look for craftsmen and organize construction.
Another way involves independent contact with an architect and specialized companies, one of which, as a rule, is instructed to build the foundation and the first floor, and the other - to build on the wooden floor and cover it with a roof. With this approach, it is almost always possible to ensure a higher speed and quality of construction. But one cannot neglect the conclusion of official contracts, where the guarantee obligations of the companies must be spelled out. In the contract with the "bricklayers" it is worth including a clause on supervision of the installation of the separating layer and the first crown.
Are you dreaming of building a country house, but you are at an impasse when choosing a building material. No wonder. There are people who value the stone for its strength and monumentality. Someone chooses wood for environmental friendliness, speed of construction, natural color and wood pattern. There are people who have the same attitude to both materials. The solution is quite simple - to consider projects of combined houses made of brick and timber. The problem of choice will disappear, there will be an opportunity to unite two elements under one roof.
Any design cannot be perfect. There are always pros and cons of individual houses and materials used for construction. Combined projects have their own characteristics. Let's talk about the advantages of using timber and brick together.
The reliability of the combined home
Any building can be reliable if all the important points are taken into account during construction. The combined project provides for greater security at home. Basically, two-story cottages are built on this principle. Basement, first floors are raised from bricks. This ensures the strength of the structure, prolongs the life of the house. Brick is not afraid of fire, water, strong wind, sun rays. Provided that the foundation is laid correctly, the brick box will not lead, the elements will not destroy. It is better to make the second floor from a bar. There are several variations of the timber:
- not profiled;
- profiled;
- glued.
Before choosing a timber, familiarize yourself with the quality characteristics of each, so as not to be mistaken. Profiled and glued beams are mainly used for felling. Wood has different properties, which can be prolonged by the construction of the lower part of the brick box. A reliable brick base will allow a light timber box to withstand under any circumstances. For example, during a flood, it often floods a dwelling to the level of the roof, if the house is without a superstructure. A wooden structure rarely withstands a large flow of water and its effects:
- the log is difficult to dry;
- the box is deformed or, in general, disintegrates;
- overhaul or installation of a new log house is required.
When erecting a building according to a combined project, the following consequences can be avoided:
- the lower brick floor is not subject to destruction;
- it is enough to dry the walls, foundation;
- carry out interior decoration.
- the second floor made of timber will not be affected by water.
There can be many such situations, we will not list them.
The comfort of a combined home
Possibility of placing common rooms on the ground floor:
- kitchens;
- bathroom;
- living room;
- toilet;
- boiler room.
The brick can withstand drops:
- temperatures;
- humidity;
- fumes from cooking.
The tree does not behave as flawlessly. Therefore, a private area is placed on the second floor. In the recreation area, sleep, the timber retains its natural properties:
- breathes;
- allows moisture to pass through;
- keeps warm;
- creates a comfortable microclimate.
This allows you to create comfortable conditions for residents. The first brick floor is tuned for an active life, the second floor made of timber helps to relax, enjoy the tranquility, natural decor of the walls.
Combined home safety
Fire safety concerns not only residents of apartment buildings, but also an individual mansion. This is no coincidence. How many equipment, engineering structures are provided in the cottage for a full stay. Gas and electrical appliances pose a fire hazard. Brick is distinguished by fire resistance. Its use in the construction of the first floor is highly advisable due to the location of the fire sites. The brick will keep the fire from spreading quickly. The second floor of a bar, with a timely reaction, will not be exposed to fire.
Box erection speed for a combined project
If there is no time to wait long, combined housing projects will come to the rescue. An attic made of glued or profiled chamber-drying timber is assembled quickly:
- poured the foundation;
- allowed to dry;
- laid out a brick wall;
- assembled the second lightweight floor from a bar;
- the wooden box looks aesthetically pleasing even without finishing;
- start communications;
- you move to live on the second floor of a combined building.
The first floor takes longer to finish. So we will deal with it last, living on the second floor.
Combined projects price
I would like to save money during construction. Combined house projects allow you to do this. Brick, its masonry, mortar will cost the developer a decent amount. We'll have to build a house on one floor. It is cheaper to install a log house from a bar if you do the installation yourself. It is not difficult to do this from profiled or glued beams. Here's the savings. House at an affordable price. The project of a combined frame made of bricks and glued beams is more expensive, but the properties of profiled beams are no worse. Choose for yourself what to make the second floor of.
The disadvantages of combined projects include the following:
- The exterior of the facade. The combined house does not have a specific style. The rough simplicity of brick is the natural look of timber. It can be fixed. There are facade finishing elements. They will give the finished look to the walls.
- Search for general purpose builders for the combined project.
- It is necessary to correctly calculate the transitions of the walls from the first to the second floor, to carry out their installation.
Otherwise, the disadvantages may be of a personal nature based on the requirements of the owner of the combined housing.
Varieties of houses for a combined project
Houses made of brick and timber are of different modifications.
- Often, projects are represented by two-story houses. It is possible to erect structures of greater height. It all depends on the client's imagination, his capabilities.
- There are one-story projects - alteration of an existing house. Not so long ago, a hand-cut log was used for the construction of an individual house. The box has retained its appearance and strength, but it is required to increase the square meters. It is not always possible to build a second floor on a wooden box because of the foundation or soil. Then a project is created to expand the house at the log house level:
- They attach a toilet, shower room, new kitchen. Brick is more suitable for this. It turns out a project of a combined house made of timber and brick in one level.
- Sometimes a log house is lined with brick in one layer. Environmental friendliness, comfort, room climate is maintained, and functions are expanded.
Projects of combined houses made of brick and timber are welcome:
- If the soil does not allow you to build a two-story brick house. The load is large, the foundation can burst and cause deformations, distortions.
- The second floor made of glued or profiled timber will reduce the load.
- You can save on strengthening the foundation for a heavy house. There will be no need to raise the soil layer to a sufficient height.
The combined project will make the dream of a two-story cottage available. For decisiveness, watch a video clip about houses made of brick and timber:
Consider a photo of projects of combined houses made of brick and timber: A house built of brick and timber looks unique. In recent years, there has been a demand for projects. Combined housing is very popular abroad. A well-known example is a "chalet" house or buildings that combine a first floor of brick and a frame second tier. Projects of combined houses made of brick and timber deserve attention. Having studied the design features, you can safely start creating and implementing your own version.
During the construction of the combined house, the lower floor is made with stone and the upper one is made of wood. Such a design makes it possible to fully realize all the positive aspects of the selected materials and avoid the appearance of their negative features.
Terms of operation
The stone is used due to the fact that it is very durable, has a long service life, does not rot, and also does not begin to deteriorate from the influence of water and moisture. It should be noted that many people are very often uncomfortable in stone buildings. Moving from an apartment to the country, you want to feel more comfort. It is a little more difficult to heat a stone structure than a wooden one, but the reliability of the structure fully compensates for this shortcoming.
Wood, in turn, has a positive effect on the atmosphere inside, making the cottage more cozy and warm, and also perfectly regulates the humidity in the room. A wooden house creates a more emotional and personal feeling of a home than typical high-rise buildings with neighbors on all sides. Some people are intimidated by the fact that wood is a perfectly burning material, and is also afraid of the effects of moisture, fungi, small rodents or termites, but with modern technology, all these problems have long been solved.
Houses made of stone and wood ideally combine such an original base and upper floors, which makes it possible to eliminate two birds with one stone, dividing the functionality of wood and stone in such a way as to get the benefits of each material. Such a structure also has a very non-standard, stylish and original appearance, which its owners cannot but like.
Where you need to put wooden structures, and where are brick
It is necessary to build an inexpensive combined house correctly. The first floor of the building is made using brickwork. The most effective and successful solution would be to arrange insulation with a ventilated facade technique. Aerated concrete blocks can also be used. Thus, the most “flammable” rooms should be installed on the ground floor, such as a kitchen, a hall with a fireplace, a sauna, and a place for cars.
The attic floor is being built using wood. Most often, logs, glued or shaped beams, unplaned beams with finishing and insulation are used. From above, the wood is reliably covered with large canopies, and it is separated from the damp earth by an entire floor. Thanks to special protective coatings, such wood will be able to serve for a very long time without deteriorating or aging. Therefore, on this floor, with greater comfort and better ecology, it is worth placing living quarters.
It is also necessary to approach with great responsibility the choice of decoration inside the house, so that the stone and wooden parts of the house are harmoniously combined with each other. However, you should not create a monotony of the interior, it is better to emphasize the advantages of each of the materials. Such buildings inside are equipped in a country style, which will effectively emphasize the advantages of materials, as well as natural forms.
How to build a combined house inexpensively
The price of building a house depends on:
- materials that you decide to choose for construction;
- your design requirements;
- location of the site;
- construction area.
By choosing high-quality and reliable performers, you can build a real dream cottage!
The combined country house is always an attractive structure that has been popular for many years. For the first time, such buildings began to appear in the Middle Ages in the Alps, they were erected by shepherds during the winter. Gradually, they began to gain popularity throughout Europe, until they reached our country. The "chalet" style allows designers to show all their creativity and imagination. For example, the top floor can be decorated in a medieval style.
Prices for the construction of combined houses in the Vitoslavitsa company
In our company, prices for turnkey combined houses are very affordable for everyone. We can carry out both standard options, prepared in advance by our specialists, and the construction of houses according to private drawings, which will be developed in strict accordance with your wishes.
The Vitoslavitsa company builds country houses in the best Russian traditions, improving its professionalism and introducing new engineering solutions and creative ideas into each subsequent project. If you want to order the construction of a combined house in Moscow, then perhaps it's time to make your desire a reality by contacting us.
We can offer you standard combined buildings or implement an individual turnkey house project.
Advantages of combined houses
The combined house is a harmonious symbiosis of solidity and aristocracy of stone with the natural warmth of wood, providing the exterior of the home with a wonderful appearance, and the interior - an inimitable atmosphere saturated with coziness and comfort. However, this is not all that these buildings have earned an excellent reputation and ensured wide popularity for themselves.
The main advantages of such houses include the following:
- Saving. Only the first floor is built from bricks (sometimes from clay adobe, river shell rock or cinder blocks), and the second is made of wood. Such an architectural solution provides a relatively low weight of the structure and, as a result, there is no need for a very expensive foundation. Moreover, the cost of building a second floor also using stone is usually much higher than the cost of using wood materials.
- High fire safety. Obviously, wood is a combustible material, however, the construction of the first floor, where the kitchen, fireplace, boiler room are usually located, made of stone significantly reduces the risk of a fire, and when such a need arises, it simplifies the localization of the hearth.
- Durability. The brick has an extremely high resistance to destruction under the influence of moisture and is distinguished by its mechanical strength. In turn, timber and wood composites manufactured at Vitoslavitsa also have a high resistance to negative environmental influences and mechanical stress, but a decrease in the frequency and intensity of such influences only increases the service life of the house.
- All-season comfort. Combined houses made of stone and wood retain heat well. At the same time, the latter material helps to stabilize the humidity in the room, so that a comfortable microclimate is achieved in the rooms.
Construction stages
If you do not take into account the development of the project, then the construction of any capital building begins precisely with the construction of the foundation. In this case, the best options are recessed belt and slab.
- The beginning of the construction of stone walls (as mentioned above, materials such as brick, clay adobe, river shell rock, cinder block can be used);
- Installation of floor slabs;
- Completion of the construction of stone walls;
- Installation of wall ceilings;
- Assembly of the second floor (rounded logs, glued or profiled beams are used);
- Installation of the roof supporting structure;
- Arrangement of thermal, steam and waterproofing, as well as installation of roof ventilation;
- Roofing;
- Supplying engineering networks and systems;
- Exterior and interior decoration of the house.
Advantages of ordering combined houses from Vitoslavitsa
- A wide selection of beautiful houses: we can implement both the projects of combined houses presented on our website and develop an exclusive solution for you.
- Having our own production: this allows us not only to guarantee the quality of the materials used, but also to provide you with the maximum benefit from cooperation with us.
- An impeccable reputation: Vitoslavitsa has been building private houses for more than 5 years, and during this time we have made more than 150 customers satisfied.
The combined house is indeed an achievement in terms of construction. Solid base and stylish extension.
If you have already looked at some projects of combined houses and you liked them, it's time to talk a little more about them.
What are the advantages of a combined house:
- It is really very durable
- Fire safety increased (1st floor is a kitchen, boiler room and utility room)
- More economical than their counterparts from the same type of "heavy" materials (due to lower weight and, accordingly, savings on the foundation)
A little about technology
Such houses are divided into several types.
For example, you can take a look at the combined houses made of stone and wood developed by the company DomaSV... They contain a collection of classic European style, adapted to the Russian climatic conditions. Such a house will last for many years and there will be no need to worry about it in terms of major repairs. Reliability and long service life, proven in more than one country.
Or here's a great option, combined houses from foam blocks and wood, this is already the development of our domestic manufacturers. Lighter and more economical in price. As a design, it is not inferior to its foreign brothers.
Briefly about the types of combinations:
- Stone - Profiled timber
- Stone - Rounded log
- Stone - Glued laminated timber
- Stone - Classic timber
Well, all this can be repeated with foam concrete blocks, in any sequence.
The best for your home
Firm DomaSV is constantly developing in terms of improving the quality of the construction of stone houses. This applies to all aspects of it.
We produce the best materials ourselves and have a triple quality control.
We develop our specialists both technically and in practice.
Cooperation only with trusted banks that have proven themselves over the years.
And we always fulfill our obligations.
And it is thanks only to the complex of these measures that we can say with confidence. If you are planning to build turnkey combined house, our firm is guaranteed to provide you with the highest quality.
Construction guarantees
People who are not very closely related to construction are often worried, but will this or that option suit me? Yes, not all types of houses can be built if there are factors that are often hidden from the face of an inexperienced person. So what can you do?
Of course, contact professionals, because turnkey construction of combined houses this is our profile and many completed projects confirm this. Construction is often a significant amount of money, and to be sure that they will not be wasted, we will give you guarantees.
- All estimates are transparent and understandable. (You see where your money is spent)
- The warranty period is at least five years. (Confidence that on all issues 100% help)
- Additional recommendations for home use. (We work for quality and will gladly share our experience with you)
Individual approach to everyone
You have already viewed our combined houses photo and description? Didn't find what you need or want to change something?
No problem in the firm DomaSV there are excellent designers who can satisfy the most demanding of customers.
Over the years, we have commissioned hundreds of houses. And this experience allows us to offer you a truly high-quality work or a ready-made house kit, based on your needs and taking into account the possibilities.
And of course, everyone should work according to their own profile. We know everything about construction of combined houses and are ready to prove it in practice.