Abundant watering, timely pruning and correct feeding clematis - three components of the success of growing these plants. Each of them is very important in itself, but feeding should be discussed separately.
When to start feeding?
If the land was well filled with fertilizers before planting, then additional feeding begins only after two, or even three years. But when the soil is poor, it is necessary to pour manure humus or well-rotted compost mixed with wood ash - 1 - 2 handfuls per bucket. This is especially true of young specimens, whose root system is not yet sufficiently developed.
What and how to feed?
For feeding clematis, experts recommend alternating mineral fertilizers with organic matter diluted to a liquid state. The only thing to remember is timely and sufficient watering... Clematis are very fond of water and do not tolerate high concentrations. nutrients in the soil. Therefore, fertilizers are applied in small portions, and plants should be watered abundantly before applying them.
All top dressing should be consistent with the periods of clematis development. In the spring, at the end of May, when there is intensive growth and development of young shoots, they need to be given more nitrogen. Diluted mullein or bird droppings at 1:10 or 1:15, respectively, will work. In the absence of organic matter, urea can be used - about 20 grams per square meter landing area. Fertilizers must first be dissolved in water.
After the shoots grow, foliar nutrition should also be given to clematis - spraying with a weak urea solution at a concentration of no more than 3 grams per liter of water.
During budding, nitrogen is also required by clematis, but phosphorus and potassium come to the fore. A complex mineral fertilizer such as "Kemira Lux", "Riga Mix" or "Nitroammofosk" is suitable here, which should be supplemented with a solution of fermented mullein or an infusion of weed out weeds. The use of traditional flower mixtures is not excluded. But, choosing them, one must pay attention to the fact that there are no components containing chlorine, which is completely contraindicated for clematis.
The next stage of feeding begins when the plants have already faded. Unless, of course, for some reason it is not required to shorten the flowering period. In August, phosphorus-potassium mixtures are used, for example, "Kemira Autumn". The supply of nitrogen to the roots of clematis at this time should already be limited so as not to cause an excessive increase in green mass, which is undesirable on the threshold of autumn.
In addition, it is very useful to spray all types of clematis with weak solutions of potassium permanganate and boric acid - 2 grams per bucket. This should be done throughout the summer, once a month.
By September, feeding stops altogether. It remains only to fill the soil with wood ash, which is covered up under bushes in the middle of the month. For each plant, about 2 glasses of well-sifted ash are consumed.
In total, at least 4 dressings must be done during the season, not counting intermediate spraying. And clematis will delight lush bloom, healthy look and good growth.
It is widespread on almost all continents. Clematis blooms from late spring to late summer, and some species - before the onset of frost.
Clematis is ideal for decoration personal plot... Alas, not everyone knows how to properly feed and what exactly to fertilize this flower.
In this article you can find answers to your questions.
How to feed clematis
Clematis requires a lot of nutrients, due to the fact that it blooms for a long time, and also renews almost completely the entire aerial part of the plants every year. But it is important to remember that the concentration of mineral fertilizers should not be high - apply them in small portions.
Some experienced gardeners say: if you fertilized the soil well, then clematis should be fed only in the third year after planting.
Mineral and organic fertilizers must be alternated. Before fertilizing, clematis must be watered well.
Clematis is fed depending on the phase of plant development, but no more than 4 times per season.
In September, during preparation, add bone meal (200 g / m2) to the soil. The fact is that it contains phosphorus, which is very necessary for clematis.
Without it, the leaves will begin to turn brown, the roots and shoots will develop poorly.
You can also add up to 24 kg of humus under each clematis bush just before planting.
The plant needs nitrogen during its growth. Due to a lack of nitrogen, clematis shoots may decrease, the leaves turn yellow, acquire a reddish tint, the flowers will be small, with poor color. For this type of feeding, organic fertilizers are used: slurry (1:10), bird droppings (1:15).
Organic fertilizers should be alternated with mineral fertilizers: ammonium nitrate, nitroammophoska or urea (15 g / 10 l).
Potassium will help your plant to flower beautifully. Blackened stalks and pedicels, lighter color of flowers indicate a lack of potassium. Use potassium nitrate in spring, potassium sulfate in August. Dilute 20 - 30 g in 10 liters.
During the flowering period, feeding is stopped. By feeding the plant during this period, you run the risk of shortening the flowering period.
Top dressing in spring
Top dressing in the spring is done no more than twice a month.
After the shoots grow back, the time comes for the first feeding. For clematis during this period, foliar spraying with a weak solution of synthetic urea (up to 3 g per liter of water) is best suited.
It is best to spray in the evening or cloudy weather. The moisture will last longer and the fertilizer will be better absorbed.
In spring, clematis is watered with milk of lime to prevent soil acidification. Use 200 g of lime diluted in a liter of water per 1 sq. M.
For the prevention of the disease, 50 g can be diluted copper sulfate and pour the solution on the bush at the base.
Water clematis in the spring no more than once a week, but try to get the water to the roots of the plant (clematis roots reach 1 m in length). During watering, experienced gardeners use humus.
Fertilizers for clematis
Before planting clematis, the soil can be fertilized with the organic-mineral preparation "Omu Universal", which will not only feed the plant, but also retain moisture inside the soil.
Mix the fertilizer itself with the soil and then cover the clematis roots with it.
During the transplantation of clematis, you can use the drug "Zircon", which will help the plant get used to the new habitat. It is only necessary to use this drug strictly according to the instructions.
To prevent diseases, spray the soil under the bush with foundation in early spring or in late autumn (20 g per 10 l).
During the active development and growth of clematis, treat the soil under the bush with a fungicide. Use 3-4 liters per bush. This will protect the plant directly from the fungus. Carry out the procedure 2 - 3 times every 14 days.
As foliar feeding you can use the following drugs: "Master", "Avkarin", "Flower solution". Your plant will receive the necessary nutrients within 5 hours after spraying.
So, if you systematize everything that has been said above, then you can draw the following conclusions:
- you can feed clematis no more than 4 times per season;
- if when planting a plant you used special fertilizers for the soil, then you do not need to feed clematis this year;
- for different phases of plant development there are different fertilizers... They can either be purchased in a store or made yourself;
- as prevention various diseases special drugs can be purchased at the store.
To make your clematis "pleasing to the eye", you should adhere to simple rules for caring for this flower. Cultivation of clematis is quite simple: clematis needs watering, garter shoots, pruning, loosening and mulching the soil, and feeding. However, the right place for planting clematis plays one of the main roles in growing this flower.
As you know, for planting clematis it is worth choosing sunny or slightly shaded places. Clematis does not like drafts or blowing winds, therefore, when choosing a place to grow this plant, consider this feature.
If we talk about the soil, then clematis needs a well-fertilized, loose, light, moisture-permeable, non-acidic, fertile soil. However, no matter how fertile the soil is, clematis will need feeding.
Because clematis blooms profusely and for a long time and annually renews almost all of its shoots and leaves, then, naturally, it needs strength and energy - nutrients for this. That is why it is so important to know which fertilizer clematis needs and when it is best to fertilize.
Top dressing of clematis
Already starting from the end of May - beginning of June (during the period of active growth of clematis), clematis needs not only weeding, loosening and garter vines, but also feeding. Most often during this period, gardeners use urea to feed clematis, mortar, or liquid manure.
When clematis has not bloomed yet, but only plans to do it, it is worth taking care of the second feeding of the plant. During this period, clematis can be fed with such fertilizer as Agricola-7 (1 tablespoon of this drug + potassium sulfate is diluted in a 10-liter bucket of water).
During the period of lush flowering, clematis needs not only abundant watering, but also feeding. During the flowering period, clematis is best fed with mineral fertilizers or liquid manure.
In August clematis most often they start to get sick, which is why during this period their health should be closely monitored. For better "well-being", clematis can be fed with mineral fertilizers and ash. Ash not only promotes the ripening of vines, but also improves the winter hardiness of flowers.
When clematis is fading, it needs the following feeding: the same preparation Agricola-7 or Flower can be diluted into 10 liters of water. And when the growth of clematis comes to an end, it can be fed with "Agricola" for flowering plants + superphosphate and potassium sulfate (two tablespoons of "Agricola" + one tablespoon of superphosphate and sulfate).
Preparing clematis for winter
At the end of September, the feeding of clematis stops and the preparation of the plant for winter begins. It is during this period that clematis can be transplanted to a "safer" place, if initially you made a mistake. In September, clematis care consists in loosening the soil and weeding.
Clematis requires pruning in mid-autumn. Pruning should be done very carefully and carefully. Make sure that the root collar of the plant is underground. If it is on the surface, sprinkle it with humus. When the air temperature begins to drop, the clematis will need to be covered. This can be done with dry peat or humus.
As for the wintering of clematis, it is still better to cover the clematis than to leave it under a layer of snow. An excellent "insulation" for clematis will be crushed foam, brushwood or dry leaves. So that your "blanket" for clematis is not "caked" under a layer of snow, you should build a kind of rigid frame. An ordinary wooden box is perfect for this purpose.
So, clematis are covered with a layer of drainage, cover wooden box and waterproof material (polyethylene or the like, but with holes for air), sprinkled with earth (a layer of at least 30 cm).
In the spring, the shelter from clematis is removed gradually, in several stages. To begin with, a layer of snow is removed, later it makes holes for ventilation, and the polyethylene is removed completely only when the threat of frost has passed. The drainage layer (dry leaves) is also removed gradually so that the plant gets used to the coolness and sun.
Spring is the time when nature awakens from hibernation. After the snow melts, care begins for perennial flowering plants in the garden. Experienced clematis breeders know that it is important to know not only how to care for clematis in the spring in the country, but also when exactly to start doing it.
Spring problems of the buttercup family
All agricultural techniques, including the stages of how to care for clematis after winter, consists of the usual procedures: treatment, fertilization, loosening.
After freeing the plant from the covering layer, all visible parts of it should be carefully examined for contamination. Liana perennials are susceptible to viral and bacterial infections, each of which has its own symptoms and treatment. 
- Rust infestation manifests itself in the form of scaly patches of a yellow-brown tint on the ground part and growths on the roots. Treatment and prevention of rust - watering and spraying with copper-containing solutions, for example, Bordeaux liquid.
- Damage by microscopic fungi, or wilt, can "dry out" all young perennials. To prevent it, in the spring, the plant is treated with a solution of foundationol (2%). If it was not possible to get rid of this scourge in time, the damaged plants are disposed of so as not to infect the rest.
Gray rot and powdery mildew can prove themselves in summer time... If they are found, the infected parts of the plants are destroyed, and the rest are treated with foundation and Topaz or Skor preparations.
The formation of young clematis - growth features
It is more rational to breed clematis early in autumn, giving the seedling the opportunity to acclimatize before hibernation.
During the first two years, the plant must be allowed to develop a strong root system... To do this, the young bush is not allowed to grow strongly, periodically pruning new shoots. All formed buds are also removed. At the end of the period of root development, the bush will delight not only with numerous shoots, but also with abundant lush flowering. Curly perennials can live in one place for more than 10 years, how to care for perennial clematis - later in the article.
For novice breeders of perennial vines, it will be useful to know how to care for a indoor clematis flower in the early years of its existence in a pot. 
First you need to choose the right seedling. During visual inspection, you should pay attention to:
- on the root system (should be free of damage and growths, which indicate the disease state of the plant);
- for the presence of three obligatory shoots, on which the buds are clearly visible.
Saplings two or three years old - the best option for the first experience of communication with perennial vines. The most problem-free varieties in agricultural technology are purple shades, the most demanding for care are snow-white. Pink-red representatives act as the golden mean.
How to feed clematis in spring and summer
Spring stagnation of water is a considerable danger to the roots of perennials. The areas closest to the plants should be drained as soon as possible. Pushing around the bushes should be done no closer than half a meter. Lomonosov is undemanding to the composition of the soil. They prefer loose, slightly acidic soil. But still, how to care for clematis with regular feeding?
It is carried out in several stages:
- in the spring, a solution of slaked lime is introduced into the soil at the rate of 1 glass per bucket per one square meter of plantings;
- during the period of active summer growth, they are fed with various mineral fertilizers, mullein - 1 time in 10 days;
- the favorite remedy of all clematis is wood ash, it is required for each bush a glass (for a bucket of water).
An obligatory part of how to properly care for clematis at home is mulching an area of \u200b\u200bsoil near perennials with peat, sawdust with sand and ash. This will not only protect the roots from overheating, but also relieve the invasion of slugs and snails. For the same purpose, you can plant marigolds, calendula near climbing plants. Allocated by them essential oils pests will be scared away, and dense greenery will give the necessary coolness to the underground part of the vines.
How to distinguish clematis for an amateur gardener
Many would like to have this luxurious exotic miracle in their backyard, but not everyone dares. Clematis have a reputation for being finicky, capricious plants. In fact, any interested person can learn how to plant clematis and take care of it. Agricultural technology requires certain skills, but first of all, you should decide on the variety. There are about three hundred varieties of plants of the buttercup family. Botanists classify species according to their scientific criteria. It is more convenient for gardeners to distinguish varietal varieties according to the method of annual formation of a bush, and these are 3 pruning groups: weak, medium and strong. There are outstanding representatives in each category. You can find out how to grow clematis from seeds.
Perennial climbing plants that do not need pruning
The first group of plants practically does not need pruning. Flowering occurs on last year's shoots. A certain number of young branches are formed annually from the root points of growth, therefore, in order to avoid unnecessary density at the end of summer, underdeveloped ones that have not been proven with better side parts of the bush.
Albina Plena adorns herself with delicate double flowers clematis since the end of April. Abundantly flowering vines grow well on any soil, prefer semi-shaded places well protected from the wind. The height of an adult plant is up to 4 meters. The snow-white flowers represent several layers of holly bells. They hang beautifully on purple legs, hiding the golden core from the eyes. The originator of the variety is Sweden.
Bush formation according to the second type: representatives of the group
Varieties that form inflorescences both on the branches of the last season and on young shoots are formed depending on the age of the stems. This is the second trimming group. Last year's lignified ones shorten the second bud, green young ones - by a third of the length. With the onset of warm days on overwintered vines, spring will begin early flowering, the second wave of buds is formed on newly regrown shoots in the middle of summer. This cycle guarantees long-lasting flower abundance for 3-4 months.
Pink-red varieties of flowering vines
Cherry red Westerplatte clematis is a compact plant with branches up to 2 meters long. Suitable for small vertical supports... Simple single flowers reach a diameter of 16 cm. The velvety surface of the petals in the center is decorated with three shallow grooves. The core is light pink with a deep red border. Leaves are light green, three-toed. Bloom from July to September, on the shoots of the last season.
Large-flowered clematis Viva Polonia was bred in 2014. The name translates as "Glory to Poland", in honor of the originator's homeland. The charming red variety is a worthy representative of the clematis genus. Wide lanceolate sepals with wavy slightly drooping edges are decorated with a longitudinal stripe of light shade. The size of the flower in some cases exceeds 25 cm. The height of the vines is up to 3 meters. The flowering period lasts about 2 months in mid-summer.
Terry flowers of the Clematis Vivian Pennel variety of the first wave have three shades at once: purple-red with outside sepals, violet-blue along the edge of the flower, lilac-blue in the middle. In summer, single branches bloom on new branches blue flowers with golden stamens. 
The length of the stems is up to 3 meters. Flowering is long lasting, from May to August.
Clematis Ai nor, zoned for most regions of Russia, is classified as an early variety. It was withdrawn in the middle of the 20th century. Lush-flowering vines can stretch to a length of about 3 meters over the summer. Large flowers of a light pink shade up to 15 cm in diameter, the base is gray-violet. Anthers are dark yellow. The peculiarity of the variety is the color change from deep pink to almost white as it blooms.
Clematis the color of the summer night sky
The most advantageous position in which Clematis Wildfire looks like a fantastic visitor to the rainforest is the light background of brick or whitewashed walls. Early variety Wildfire is decorated with huge, up to 20 cm in diameter, blue-purple flowers. From the edge of the petal to the center there is a wide longitudinal strip of purple hue. A simple flower consists of 8-10 sepals, partially overlapping each other. Red-burgundy stamens on white legs form a shaggy core. The length of the lashes is average - from 2 to 3 meters, early flowering - from May.
Compact clematis Teshio bred japanese breeders and serves wonderful decoration terraces, balconies and loggias. In the open air, lush garlands twisting around small supports amaze the imagination with their unusual beauty. Strongly double blue-violet flowers, 8-10 cm in diameter, are collected from numerous narrow petals rolled into a tube. When opened, the inflorescence looks like a slightly compressed sphere.
Exotic whites are the most valuable varieties of clematis
White clematis Duchesse of Edinburgh blooms in the first wave in May-June, during this period, double inflorescences with a pale green spot in the center are formed. The second wave of flowering occurs in July-August, when semi-double flowers bloom on young vines. The diameter of the flowering part is 13-15 cm. Stems 2-3 meters in length feel great both in the open field and in a bulk container in a spacious, bright room.
New Zealand clematis Snow Queen is a representative of the snow-white varieties. It blooms from May to October, white with a delicate lilac shade, large flowers. The shape of the petals is oblong, with a sharp tip, 6-8 petals each. The stamens are dark red. The length of the shoots is -2-3 meters. It looks amazing on a dark background thanks to the glowing flowers. The color of the leaves is dark green.
Polish clematis Jean Paul 2 is distinguished by the reddish-purple color of delicate young shoots. An interesting feature of large white single flowers is the color of the longitudinal stroke in the center of each petal that changes during the season - from pale pink at the beginning of flowering to deep red at the end. Anthers on white legs in a contrasting dark red color, which gives the flower a special charm.
Third pruning group - new shoots every year
The third group needs the strongest shortening of the stems, since flowers are laid only on young shoots of the current season. In autumn, all vines are cut almost to the ground, leaving the stems 25-35 cm long, or 2-3 knots. Interesting feature this group - the shorter the vines are cut, the larger the flowers will be for next year.
The combination of two shades on one flower - classic exotic
The bicolor clematis Avangard is covered with medium-sized flowers (5-7 cm) from the end of June. They seem to be composed of two flowering parts different plants... The lower layer is rounded silky blood-red sepals with wavy edges. The second part is a ball-shaped pom-pom made of lanceolate pink petals. The pistils and stamens form a sun-yellow center. The length of the shoots by the end of summer is 2.5 meters. The leaves are green, small.
Compact clematis Stasik forms shoots of 180-200 cm. Red large (up to 10 cm) flowers in the shape of a star have a light strip in the middle of a narrow sepal. The stamens are red on white legs. Blooms from June to August.
Exotic clematis Tango is a liana-like plant 200-300 cm long, covered with small flowers from June to September. Below they are light pink, inner side from a bright red color of the edges smoothly passes to white, with dark veins in the middle. In the center there is a brown pistil surrounded by purple stamens. The unusual shape of the flower gives the plant - it consists of 4 sepals with a wavy border.
Dark-flowered clematis are the most unpretentious to care for
The dark purple-violet or blue-violet flowers of Clematis Gypsy Queen are abundantly covered from June to October. The shape is simple, of 6 ovoid silky monochromatic sepals, strongly open horizontally. On this velvety cup, a delicate greenish-yellow hedgehog of anthers is snug. The leaves are heart-shaped, light green in color. The length of the vines is 3-4 meters. The diameter of the flowers of the Clematis Gypsy Queen variety is from 12 to 14 cm.
Long-known, purple, which means that the most unpretentious clematis Victoria is famous for its non-capricious character. Abundantly blooming vines will decorate any shape landscape design... Suitable for all types of vertical landscaping. On light background will look more charming than on the dark, thanks to its rich shade of the southern night sky. The average size of the flowers is compensated by their abundance. The length of the stems is from 2 to 3.5 meters.
Late blooming clematis Viola is an Estonian member of the buttercup family. The first buds open in June. Exotic large flowers - deep purple color, no shades. The core is a golden yellow anther hedgehog. Sepals are wide, partly overlapping each other, 4-6 each. The edges are slightly wavy. Variety feature - prefers shady place... In the light, the inflorescences lose their bright shade, which reduces the decorative qualities.
Clematis Star of India plants large flowers at a height of 1 meter from the soil surface, so the place of application of the variety is high vertical forms. The variety has been known for a long time, reviews of Clematis Star of India are replete with enthusiastic characteristics: frost-resistant, vigorous, unpretentious, charming. The longest shoots stretch over 4 meters in length. They are strewn with vibrant purples large flowers from June to September. Anthers are white-beige, contrasting with the color of the petals.
The first description of Taiga clematis appeared in 2016, when at the world exhibition this Japanese variety received public recognition as best novelty... A spherical large double flower is assembled from narrow purple-violet petals with white-green tips. Plant height reaches 2.5 meters, in favorable conditions blooms from June to September.
- this is beautiful flowers, which belong to the buttercup family. They are also popularly called "lozinka", "grandfather's curls" or "clematis". They are used in the form of vines for landscaping gazebos and arches, as well as beautiful ornamental plant... In addition to the beautiful vine, clematis have a fairly long flowering period. They decorate with their bright colors garden for four months, until the very first frost. In order for clematis to develop well, they need appropriate care:
- abundant and regular watering;
- timely pruning;
- correct feeding.
Without meeting these basic requirements, growing beautiful flowers impossible. If, in principle, there is nothing complicated with watering and pruning, then fertilization has its own rules.
Top dressing
Blooming liana is beautiful appearance... It can reach up to four meters or more in height. It has succulent stems, green leaves and large flowers. All this, as well as a long flowering period, requires additional strength, which means that clematis must be regularly fed.
And you need to start before landing. Before planting clematis in open ground, the soil must be fertilized, then the flowers will soon get stronger and grow. If the planting was done correctly and the soil was pre-nourished, then fertilization can be applied only in the second year of the plant's life. But with insufficient nutrient soil, clematis can begin to be fed in the first autumn of his life. At this time, it is best to use organic matter in the form of humus or compost, which is mixed with wood ash. This composition is used to fertilize the root circle.
In addition to organic matter, it is possible and necessary to apply mineral fertilizers to the soil. However, you need to be careful with them. Their high concentration is harmful to the plant. Therefore, they should be made strictly, adhering to the desired proportions.
In order to achieve abundant flowering, feeding with organic and mineral fertilizers should be alternated. You also need to take into account that when the soil is fertilized, it should first be watered abundantly. Clematis need moist and nutritious soil.
The time when fertilizers are applied should coincide with certain periods of growth and development of the vine. In total, four dressings are carried out per season.
And so, starting from the second year of life of clematis, in early spring, a sufficient amount of organic matter must be introduced into the soil. At this time, there is an active formation of young shoots and flower stalks are laid. Therefore, the vine needs nitrogen. Manure or poultry droppings can be used as top dressing. Organic matter is diluted with water in a ratio of one to ten and applied at the root. Organic substances can be replaced with urea, which is diluted in water. The amount of dry matter is calculated based on the fact that twenty grams of urea is needed for one square meter of soil.
In mid-April, root top dressing is carried out and green weaving stems are sprayed. To do this, use a solution of three grams of urea and a liter of water. The spraying procedure is carried out exclusively in the evening or in cloudy weather.
In May, it is good to feed clematis with milk of lime, which prevents soil acidification. This is a slaked lime solution (150 grams per 10 liters of water).
When the first buds begin to form, the vines simply need additional nutrients. During this period, the plant simply needs phosphorus and potassium. It is best to use complex mineral fertilizers that do not contain chlorine. Also, during the budding period, the soil is additionally fed with a tincture of cow dung.
In summer, at the end of August, clematis needs potassium and phosphorus. It is best to use potassium sulfate, which is diluted in water and fed to the vine. For ten liters of water, thirty grams of the substance are needed.
In the warm season, clematis like spraying with a weak solution of potassium permanganate and boric acid. Liana is sprayed once a month in the evening.
In the fall, the soil is not fertilized. During the season of active growth and vegetation, clematis received a sufficient amount of nutrients and now it needs to prepare for the winter season. At the end of September, the soil around the clematis bushes is covered with wood ash.
Fully fulfilling the above recommendations, clematis will develop well and will delight gardeners with abundant and long flowering.
But in order for the decorative liana to be protected, it needs preventive measures. One of them is the treatment of clematis with a solution of copper sulfate, which is watered with flowers once a week or with a solution of foundationol (twenty grams of the substance is diluted in ten liters of water). Also, to prevent the appearance of fungal diseases, the soil is treated with fungicides every two weeks.
Preventive measures allow you to avoid many troubles when growing clematis in the garden and in the country.