Secondary infertility is a diagnosis that has become a verdict for women who have already had a pregnancy, regardless of whether it ended in childbirth or miscarriage. This is the difficulty or even the inability to get pregnant again.
DEGREE 2 INFERTILITY AS A GLOBAL PROBLEM
- this is one of the global problems of humanity. Moreover, it can occur in women who have had miscarriages, i.e. for some physiological or health problem. And also for those who cannot get pregnant second, third, etc. time. This disease is classified as grade 2 infertility in women.
Its causes are mainly attributed to age. After all, a woman's fertility decreases with age. And after 35 years, almost every fourth is no longer able to get pregnant. Indeed, it is not for nothing that nature has laid down that the reproductive age of every woman is 15-30 years, after which the joy of motherhood may never come. But nevertheless, there are many reasons when secondary infertility is diagnosed, let's try to talk about the main ones.
REASONS OF SECONDARY INFERTILITY
Among the main female diseases that affect the development of secondary infertility, but which can be cured, one should highlight:
- inflammation of the fallopian tubes or ovaries;
- inflammation of the uterus, vagina;
- dysfunctional uterine bleeding;
- etc.
Of course, these health problems appear in miscarriage when damage to the endometrial layer occurs, without which a fertilized egg simply cannot attach to the uterus and develop.
The reasons include injuries of the genitals, even an improper diet, biological incompatibility of partners, etc.
Is secondary infertility treatable?
We have examined such a diagnosis as infertility of the 2nd degree, what it is, and now we need to decide whether it is treatable. Dobromed clinic specialists responsibly declare that this disease can and should be treated. After all, it is fraught not only with the possibility of never giving birth, but also with problems with general women's health, because it arises as a result of acquired diseases of the genital organs.
Almost any disease is treatable. The most important thing is to turn to a specialist in time, who will diagnose and prescribe treatment. And then you will have a chance to experience the joy of motherhood.
CLINIC FOR TREATMENT OF FEMALE SECONDARY INFERTILITY
First of all, treatment of infertility grade 2 – this is an urgent visit to the Dobromed clinic.
When to see the doctor? If you have been trying to conceive a second child for a year, and there is no result. This is the first call that you may be diagnosed with grade 2 infertility. However, don't panic. As mentioned above, it is curable. The most important thing is to identify the cause. And only a specialist can do this with the help of modern diagnostic equipment, which is available in our clinic.
Before you are diagnosed with grade 2 infertility, you will pass everything (they add to the general ones for infections, hormones and antibodies), and also go through:
- initial inspection;
- a thorough examination on an ultrasound machine;
- procedure for patency of the fallopian tubes -;
- examination of the uterus -.
In addition, laparoscopy may be required. This is effective, since it will not only help to diagnose, but also immediately eliminate the cause. Your partner will also be examined. Everything will be almost the same scenario, only male procedures.
If the diagnosis is confirmed, a specialist will prescribe an effective treatment. And rest assured, the problem will be resolved. Therefore, do not postpone a visit to the Dobromed clinic specialists, and then through joint efforts, secondary infertility will remain in the past. Make an appointment with the experienced gynecologists at the Dobromed clinic today.
Women who have not previously encountered the problem of conceiving a child may not know about such a diagnosis as "infertility of the 2nd degree in women." What is it and what are the differences from the first degree?
What does infertility grade 2 mean in women?
Infertility of the 2nd degree is a pathology in which women cannot get pregnant for a long time, provided that there are past pregnancies that could end in childbirth, miscarriages, ectopic pregnancies or abortions. This, perhaps, is the main difference from the pathology of the first degree.
To determine the reason for the development of such a diagnosis, a woman will have to undergo a comprehensive examination and pass a number of tests. This is the only way the doctor can prescribe an effective course of treatment.
Infertility of the 2nd degree - what is it in women?
In order to understand how to cope with the problem of lack of conception, it is worthwhile to understand what infertility of the 2nd degree means in women.
Many married couples dream of a second child, as they believe that a full-fledged family should have two children. Despite this, not every family can make their dreams come true. If the first pregnancy came without problems, this does not mean that the second will be the same. This can primarily be explained by the age factor. Doctors have proven that it is much more difficult for women over the age of 35 to become pregnant due to hormonal changes in the body.
The causes of infertility of the 2nd degree.
Type 2 infertility in women can also develop under the influence of such factors:
- The presence of inflammatory diseases of the reproductive system;
- Disruption of the hormonal system;
- Development of immunological infertility;
- The wrong way of life, in particular, these are bad habits and unhealthy diet.
If infertility of the 2nd degree in women is detected, treatment with folk remedies can be effective if there are no serious causes of pathology that require surgical intervention.
Inflammation often occurs after an interrupted pregnancy, surgery and the transfer of infectious diseases. With inflammation localized in the uterus or fallopian tubes, the risk of adhesions increases, due to which obstruction inside the genitals can be diagnosed.
An equally common cause of infertility is hormonal imbalance. In this case, the signs of infertility will be of a slightly different nature, this is a violation of menstruation and the ovulatory cycle. Insufficiency of the endocrine system can provoke such a process.
If you get acquainted with the information "infertility of the 2nd degree in women", on the forum you can find the fact of the influence of antisperm antibodies, which are produced during immunological infertility.
The possibility of getting pregnant is certainly negatively affected by:
- Smoking;
- Long course of taking medications;
- Obesity;
- Dystrophy;
- The habit of unhealthy food.
Is it possible to get pregnant with infertility of the 2nd degree in a woman? If you exclude these factors, then the chances of pregnancy will increase significantly.
Infertility of the 2nd degree in women - is it possible to get pregnant through the possibilities of modern medicine?
Today, the development of modern medicine does not stand still, and the industry of human reproduction is no exception.
Treatment of infertility of the 2nd degree.
Depending on the cause of infertility, doctors will prescribe therapy. For example, if the cause is endometriosis, then the treatment of infertility of the 2nd degree in women of this genesis can be carried out both medically and promptly.
A woman diagnosed with secondary infertility according to indications may be recommended one of the following methods of solving the problem, these are:
- In vitro fertilization of an egg in the laboratory;
- Intrauterine insemination, in which the woman's sperm, containing a large amount of high-quality sperm, is injected into the woman's uterus;
- Carrying a child by a surrogate mother. This method is preferred if self-bearing is not possible.
- Each such treatment method has its own advantages and disadvantages.
The diagnosis of infertility of the 2nd degree by specialists - secondary infertility occurs if a woman has had the onset of pregnancy, it does not matter if she ended in a successful birth or the bearing of the baby was interrupted. The diagnosis itself is established when the onset of pregnancy does not occur in a couple who regularly have a sex life without using contraception for one year. This category also includes women who have chronic miscarriages.
Causes of infertility grade 2
The most common cause of grade 2 infertility is abortion, since on average 10-20% of women who have had an abortion face complications leading to reproductive health disorders. 50% have an exacerbation of chronic inflammatory diseases of the genital area.
In addition, the causes of secondary infertility include:
- the presence of polycystic ovary;
- the presence of uterine fibroids;
- miscarriages;
- the onset of an ectopic pregnancy;
- burdened childbirth;
- the presence of external genital endometriosis;
- the occurrence of hormonal disorders in women;
- the onset of early menopause;
- the presence of other gynecological diseases, as well as an unbalanced diet.
The main reason for infertility of the 2nd degree is the course of infectious and inflammatory processes of the uterus and its appendages. In addition, the occurrence of secondary infertility can be associated with dysfunction of the thyroid gland, endometriosis, various intoxications (alcohol, tobacco smoking, drugs), genital trauma (for example, obtained during operations). But the most common cause of secondary infertility is the presence of long-term, often latent inflammatory processes of the genital organs that occur after difficult childbirth, miscarriages, abortions complicated by the addition of infection. The peculiarity of these processes is that in most cases they are caused not by one pathogen, but by several, which significantly complicates treatment.
A woman's age can also cause grade 2 infertility. This is due to the fact that in the ovaries of a woman over the years, the course of chromosomal changes begins, leading to infertility and the risk of having a defective child.
But not always the cause of secondary infertility lies in the woman's health problems. If the spouse has low spermogram indicators, then difficulties with conception may also arise. Low sperm vitality is often the result of high blood pressure or diabetes mellitus and alcoholism.
In addition to all of the above, non-pregnancy can be explained by the biological incompatibility of the couple, which means the impossibility of identifying or explaining the cause of infertility.
Treatment of infertility grade 2
The process of treating infertility of the 2nd degree is a rather complicated and time-consuming process that can last for several years, and as a result, lead to success if the woman strictly follows all the prescriptions and recommendations of the doctor.
The beginning of the treatment of secondary infertility is to conduct a thorough diagnosis of the reasons that caused it. To begin with, an anamnesis is collected, then, using various laboratory methods and procedures, the doctor assesses the hormonal background, the patency of the fallopian tubes, the state of the uterus, etc. The appointment of individual treatment is possible only after the factors that prevent pregnancy have been clarified.
As a rule, antibiotics, antifungal and antiviral drugs are prescribed to treat grade 2 infertility. Treatment is carried out in short courses, while it is necessary to combine the intake of these drugs with immunomodulators. At the same time, it is necessary to identify and treat acute and chronic diseases of all organs and systems that contribute to a decrease in immunity.
Infertility grade 2
So who gets this diagnosis? This entry appears in the medical records of those women who cannot become pregnant, but at the same time they have already had a history of pregnancy. It does not matter whether the patient has a child or all her previous pregnancies ended in miscarriage.
Secondary infertility in women can be due to a variety of reasons. Let's consider the main ones. First of all, the inability to conceive a child is associated with the woman's age. Most experts agree that the ideal time for pregnancy is between 18 and 35 years old. In this there is no age discrimination, everything is much simpler: the younger the woman, the more actively her body functions. After 30, reproductive function weakens. As a rule, women over forty are not capable of conceiving, but exceptions are possible: in medicine, there are cases when fifty-year-old patients gave birth.
Inflammatory processes
Infertility of the 2nd degree can occur and develop due to the inflammatory process of the genitourinary system. The most common causes include infectious diseases, unsuccessful surgery, and terminated pregnancy. All this leads to the appearance of adhesions in the uterine cavity, which significantly complicates patency.
Endocrine Disorders
The diagnosis of infertility of the 2nd degree is often made to patients with various endocrine disorders (another name is hormonal imbalance). The typical symptom in this case is an unstable menstrual cycle, and the causes lie in the endocrine system or adrenal glands. It is also imperative to examine the thyroid and pituitary glands.
Immunology
Infertility of the 2nd degree caused by an immunological cause is a rare but possible diagnosis. Its essence lies in the fact that a woman's body produces antisperm bodies. As a result, her reproductive system perceives sperm as something foreign, and therefore harmful, and neutralizes it. The result is an inability to get pregnant.
Wrong way of life
Often, the fair sex forget that if they want to have a baby, they must adhere to a certain regime. It is necessary to exclude the use of alcohol, quit smoking, do not abuse antibiotics, and not be stressed. It often happens that as soon as a woman begins to follow these simple tips, very soon she will be rewarded with a long-awaited pregnancy.
Infertility of the 2nd degree: can you fight it?
Modern medicine offers several ways to solve the problem. The most popular of them is IVF, that is, artificial insemination. The essence of this method lies in the fact that the woman's eggs are artificially fertilized in the laboratory and placed in the patient's body, where they take root. Another option is surrogacy: the embryo is placed in the uterus of the surrogate mother.
Summing up the above, it should be noted that if you cannot get pregnant for several months, you should not be scared and run to the doctor. Try to calculate the days of ovulation, change your diet and not get nervous. However, if conception does not occur within a year or longer, it is worth contacting a specialist.
When the doctor diagnoses grade 1 or 2 infertility, this indicates a decrease in the woman's reproductive function. Statistics are that every 7 couples in the world suffer from infertility. The problem lies in the woman in 40%, because men cannot have children - 30%, about 30% are assigned to joint infertility. What are the causes of primary infertility in women, and what are the secondary ones?
Why does infertility of the first degree develop in women?
Infertility of the first degree - such a diagnosis is made for a woman who has not become pregnant for a year of constant sexual activity with one partner (capable of having children), provided that she has unprotected sex. To get a clear picture and find out the true reasons for the impossibility of conceiving a child, both partners should take up the examination of their reproductive health.
The main reasons for the 1st degree of infertility in women. Existing genital infections can interfere with conception. Modern medical preparations are able to solve this problem if STDs are diagnosed in a timely manner and adequate treatment of female infertility is prescribed. Often, those women who prioritize their careers, or those who choose the right life partner for a long time, have primary infertility. The situation here is aggravated by the fact that it is more difficult for a woman to become pregnant after 30 years. And 25% of women by this time are already infertile.
Another reason for the inability to conceive a child is various congenital anomalies and defects in the structure of the female genital organs (aplasia of the cervical canal and vagina, uterine malformations: underdevelopment, absence, bend, bifurcation, etc.) caused by chromosomal abnormalities during the prenatal period. Obstruction of the fallopian tubes and / or dysfunction. 40% of first-degree infertility situations are associated with endocrine system disorders. Malfunctions of the thyroid gland have a negative effect on all body functions. For example, there is a category of women who are prevented from conceiving a child by excess body weight (obesity). This problem affects 15% of the world's inhabitants. However, the causes of obesity can be both hormonal imbalance and non-observance of the rules of a rational and balanced diet.
The immune nature of infertility is also not uncommon. The antisperm antibodies in the female genital organs perceive sperm as foreign and suppress them. Ovarian pathology is another cause of infertility. Several factors can be associated with the ovaries:
- dysfunction of the ovaries, when the egg is not able to grow and develop (folliculogenesis), or is unable to subsequently leave the ovary (ovulate);
- polycystic ovary disease.
Causes of second degree infertility
The diagnosis of secondary infertility is typical for those who could previously become pregnant (it does not matter if the pregnancy ended with the birth of a child or was interrupted for various reasons). It often happens that women who already have a child decide to give birth to a second one. But for some reason they cannot do it. Infertility of the 2nd degree, as well as the first, requires urgent examination and treatment.
The main causes of the second degree of infertility in women:
- A decrease in fertility is a common reason for the impossibility of conception in women in their fourth decade of life. Some are in no hurry with the continuation of the family, but when they decide, then by this time it becomes too late. 25% of women over 35 are diagnosed with infertility.
- Infertility of the second degree can develop in women against the background of a gynecological disease. Inflammation of the cervix, ovaries, vagina, fallopian tubes can cause difficulties with conception. But you should not despair, because diseases are curable. Therefore, it is important to start timely therapy after a thorough examination.
- Injury to the groin and vagina (after surgery, difficult childbirth, etc.). Secondary infertility can be caused by scars, polyps, adhesions of postoperative or traumatic origin. Such problems can be solved if you seek medical help in time.
- Abortion can cause chronic inflammatory diseases, adhesions in the organs in the pelvis, and hormonal imbalances. It is the artificial termination of the first pregnancy that is often the root cause of infertility.
- Ectopic pregnancy.
- Cystic or polycystic ovary disease.
- Endometriosis
- Myomatous nodes that close the patency of the female genital organs.
- Disruptions in the menstrual cycle due to hormone production disorders.
The causes of second degree infertility can be very different. However, only a specialist in the field of gynecology should deal with their definition. Thus, the doctor determines what degree of infertility a woman should be given (primary infertility or secondary) based on whether there have been pregnancies in the past.
A disease in which a layer of endometrioid tissue lining the uterus from the inside grows, called endometriosis. The endometrium can grow both inside the uterus (into the muscle layer) and outside (into the vagina, into the cervical canal, ovaries, into the abdominal cavity), preventing conception from occurring. Infertility can have psychological roots. Unclear reasons. In this case, the diagnosis is made "idiopathic infertility" (infertility of unknown origin).
Treatment of female infertility
After examining the patient and identifying the cause of her inability to conceive, the doctor indicates a certain degree of infertility. Sometimes there can be several reasons. Therefore, here an important role is played by conducting a preliminary examination and analyzing the entire set of factors that create difficulties with conceiving and bearing a child.
The degree of infertility means only a specific type of pathology, but in no way means its severity in terms of the strength of manifestations. And for each of the stages there is no specific treatment. Appropriate treatment (either conservatively or surgically) can be recommended to a woman according to the cause of infertility identified in her. Correction of infertility by means of assisted reproductive technologies can also be proposed.
For example, if the cause lies in the characteristics of the female mucus in the cervical canal, which is irresistible for male sperm, then the therapeutic effect can be achieved using intrauterine insemination. In the absence of other factors of infertility with this method, it is sufficient only to bypass the insurmountable barrier in the form of mucus, "transporting" sperm fluid straight to the uterus.
In the most serious situations with the first and second degree of infertility for women and men, the doctor may recommend the IVF technique or its kind of IVF, coupled with ICSI.
Programs with the introduction of donor eggs or spermatozoa may also be offered. Or a surrogacy procedure.