Unusual appearance adenium and the comparisons addressed to its flowers with a rose, lily or a star are the reasons for the increased interest in the plant from the African deserts. At the same time, adeniums, for which home care is not at all complicated, are very unpretentious.
A little knowledge, diligence, attention, and a pet will answer lush bloom... A unlimited possibilities trimming and shaping allows you to grow a truly unique specimen.
Adeniums have a very recognizable appearance. Thickened intramural stem, a small rosette of dense leaves crowning the apex and large flowers of all shades from white to deep purple.
Plants, which in nature are not spoiled by semi-desert conditions, adapt perfectly in the house, bloom and even allow experiments on themselves. They result in whimsical adeniums shaped like octopuses, mangrove jungle trees or abstract green sculptures.
Secret successful care behind adenium at home is simple and consists in ensuring the maximum sun, loose soil, regular but moderate watering.
Temperature and humidity for adenium
Adeniums can be called one of the most "heat-resistant" indoor plants. A comfortable temperature for them is 30–35 ° C. A decrease by 3-5 units does not cause discomfort, but prolonged cooling of the air to 18–20 ° C makes the plant slow down its growth, abandon flowering and start preparing for the winter dormant period.
Signs of depression are also noticeable in an overly warm room. The temperature of +38 ° C when caring for adenium at home is often critical if the humidity in the room is not high enough. Moisture helps the flower withstand heat, but in cold weather, on the contrary, it causes problems.
The minimum allowable temperature for keeping adenium in the room is +10 ° C. If the air continues to cool, the risk of damage to the measles system and its death from decay increases significantly.
Adeniums are characterized by pronounced periods of hibernation or dormancy, when the plant:
- partially or completely sheds leaves;
- stops growing;
- does not form new buds.
A kind of sign for a flower is:
- decrease in the duration of daylight hours;
- cooling down to 16–20 ° C.
Hibernation helps the plant to recover and create a reserve for future flowering. Therefore, for all its time for adenium, they maintain a temperature of about 12-16 ° C and radically reduce watering. It must be remembered that plants cannot tolerate even slight frosts. As in the photo, when caring for adenium at home, you can do without spraying and special measures to increase air humidity.
Lighting adenium for home care
Adeniums are light-requiring, unlike most houseplants, they do not need shading and feel best on the south and east side.
In summer, the more sun they get, the more magnificent the bloom will be, the denser and healthier the crown will be. In winter, conditions do not change, but if there is not enough light, then the shadow can be partially compensated by maintaining the temperature within 15 ° C or for a long time.
Striving for the sun, indoor adeniums lean towards the window. You can restore beauty to the crown by turning the flower. Over time, the stem will straighten again.
The light regime for adenium, which comes from the equatorial zone of the planet, should preferably be kept close to natural values... That is, from autumn to spring, in order for the plant to receive light for 12-14 hours, it will need illumination.
Soil for adenium and its transplant
The soil mixture for adenium should be light, very loose, nutritious and permeable to moisture and oxygen. The acidity level that is comfortable for the plant is pH 5.5–7.
Today, there is a sufficient range of ready-made substrates on the market, based on peat or coconut fiber. For adenium, soil for succulents or universal soil with the addition of loosening, structuring components is suitable.
If the acquired soil is too dense or seems poor, you can mix the soil for adenium yourself by taking:
- 5 parts of the finished substrate;
- 3 parts of leafy soil with a high humus content;
- 2 parts vermiculite river sand or perlite.
Chopped charcoal is a good addition, which can act as natural component soil or.
In the recommendations of large manufacturers involved in the cultivation of adeniums, there is an indication of the composition of the substrate for this culture. A part of perlite is added to three parts of the crushed tree bark. Such soil for adenium perfectly permeates air and moisture, never compresses and can be considered universal. but nutrients there is not too much in it, so the grower will have to think about the frequent feeding of his pet.
This is also the result of a significant proportion of foam balls, brick chips, charcoal and other leavening agents that are added to increase the airiness of the substrate.
Adenium transplant is most often carried out in the spring, when active growth begins. The new pot should not be too large, otherwise the plant may postpone the long-awaited flowering. However, even in a too tight container, it is difficult to achieve a harmonious shape of the caudex trunk.
If the reason for transplanting adenium was the formation of its fancy roots, within 5-7 days such a plant is not watered or moistened very carefully. Healthy adeniums For example, seedlings transferred to individual pots can be watered as usual.
How to water adenium?
The watering regime of the decorative African native depends on:
- from the season;
- from air temperature;
- from the container of the pot;
- from the soil chosen for adenium;
- on the location of the plant and the phase of its vegetation.
During the period of active growth, the plant needs a lot of water, and the higher the temperature, the more adenium needs.
In hot weather, the soil in the pot should be slightly damp. This will help keep the flower alive and keep flowers from shedding. You do not need to spray adenium.
Cold snap is a sure sign to the grower that watering needs to be reduced. Excess water often causes disease and death of the root system. How to water adenium to be sure of the optimal amount of moisture?
In summer, at a comfortable temperature, a new portion of water is needed when the topsoil is completely dry after the previous watering. In winter, in a cool room, you need to water the flower sparingly, when the substrate is completely dry. In a warm room and while maintaining growth, adenium is watered as usual, but somewhat less often.
Pruning and shaping adenium
To make the crown dense, branched, flower growers resort to the formation and pruning of adenium.
Often this is simply necessary, since in many plants the apical development is dominant and does not allow other shoots to develop, except for the central one.
Removing the apex activates dormant lateral buds and triggers branching. As a result of such pruning at home on adenium:
- the amount of foliage increases;
- more buds are laid;
- the crown is leveled, voluminous and dense.
Usually, after pruning, more than three buds wake up, and the thicker the cut off the stem, the thicker the growth is formed along the edge of its "hemp".
Also, pruning adenium at home is used to rejuvenate adult plants, some of whose branches noticeably weaken with age. It is carried out with a frequency of two years, shortening the shoots to 5-8 cm.
Formation of adenium caudex
Adenium is a rare plant that allows the grower to form not only the aboveground, but also the underground part. Pruning and shaping the adenium caudex allows the grower to grow incredible specimens.
The flower is extremely "loyal" to all the manipulations of a person who can intertwine the roots, cut off some of them or completely remove the bottom of the plant in order to grow a new one root system a given shape.
Most often, on the basis of adenium, bonsai are formed like a mangrove tree. For this:
- choose a grown seedling with a thick stem base;
- at the plant at the site of the caudex narrowing, the root is cut off;
- the resulting cutting is rooted again in water or a loose mixture of perlite and vermiculite.
When the plant regains roots, it is transferred to a wide pot, on a light soil for adenium. A previously prepared round plate of dense plastic is placed under the handle. The roots are straightened and fixed to give the desired shape. Then the roots are sprinkled with soil one or two centimeters.
Care after such a formation of adenium caudex consists in more frequent, usually moderate watering and regular checking of the position of the roots. To do this, the plant is transplanted twice a year, straightening the rhizomes and removing unnecessary ones.
Video about the rules for caring for adenium at home
This is what they call this beautiful flower, which recently appeared on the Russian flower market and instantly became popular with most indoor plant lovers. The flower was brought from Africa and is one of the most extraordinary and most beautiful flowering plants.
Description of the plant
Adeniums are succulents with simple leaves that are located on small cuttings. The flower stores nutrients and water at the bottom of the trunk, in a special thickening. The adenium plant has funnel-shaped flowers that are collected in inflorescences. They can be red, white or pink in color. And you can also find two-color, double and tricolor flowers. V wildlife the succulent will grow up to ten meters in height. At home, the height of adenium is 35 cm. The flowering period depends on the variety and species. May bloom in spring, summer or early fall. Adeniums are common in Africa, the Arabian Peninsula and
It is no coincidence that the flower is very popular among flower growers. This plant combines exoticism with unpretentiousness. In the warm season, blooming adeniums with juicy green leaves will decorate your room, and in winter period the original bonsai will appear with thick, strong roots that resemble intertwined snakes.
Plant varieties
The appearance of adenium depends on its variety:
- Obesum is quite popular in floriculture and is considered the most unpretentious of all adeniums. This species has a large stem, which is wide at the base and tapers towards the top. The leaves are green in color with a glossy sheen, with a rounded or pointed tip.
- Multiflorum is a shrub, but with suitable conditions able to grow to a small three-meter tree. Growing pretty fast. The stems are brown in color, the flowers are light, along the edge of their dark red edging.
- Arabicum has a wide stem base, and the leaves reach 20 cm in length and 12 cm in width. The flowers are pink.
- Socotranum can have a stem base up to 2.5 m in diameter. This is the slowest growing adenium species. The branches grow exclusively at the top of the plant. The leaves are green, in the middle there is a white vein. The pink flowers can be up to 14 cm in diameter.
- Somalense is a small tree five meters high. The leaves are narrow and long, with a white vein in the middle. The flowers are five centimeters in size with various colors from pink to burgundy.
- Boehmianum is a shrub up to three meters in height with long and thick stems. Heart-shaped leaves of grayish-green color. The pink flowers resemble a circle.
- Oliefolium has green leaves with a bluish tint. Pink flowers with a yellow or snow-white center.
- Swazicum is no more than one meter high. Light green leaves are often twisted along the longitudinal axis. Flowers are up to 7 cm in diameter from pink to purple in color.
- Variegated adeniums are presented big amount different copies. For example, a plant may have golden or multicolored variegated leaves, possibly a dark red vein in the center of the leaf.
Propagation of adenium by cuttings
Typically, the plant is propagated by cuttings or seeds. The process of propagation by cuttings is considered more complicated. To begin with, choose the upper shoots of adenium, a little more than ten centimeters long. Then they are dried using charcoal. Then the cuttings are planted in a mixture of sand and coal. For root formation, it is necessary that the room temperature is twenty-five degrees and bright lighting. Basically, roots appear thirty days after planting.
Growing adenium from seeds
Even a novice florist can grow adenium. The seeds are purchased from flower shops that sell exotic plants... In fresh seeds, the germination rate reaches one hundred percent, but the more time has passed, the worse they germinate, so it is better to plant immediately after purchasing the seeds. If it did not work out to sow the seeds, then they are placed in an airtight package and put into the refrigerator for better germination. The seeds look like small sticks.
When choosing varieties of adenium, it must be remembered that there is a greater or lesser likelihood of a new plant deviating from the selected variety. The percentage of match depends on the characteristics of the flower. White and pink varieties the most stable in the manifestation of the properties of the parents. The exact repetition of the color and shape of the mother plant is achieved only when vegetative propagation... Growing adenium from seeds is best done in the spring or summer. Before growers are advised to process them for accelerated germination. The seeds can be put in warm water or in wet cloth and put in warm place for two to four hours. During soaking, it is possible to use various growth stimulants, as well as fungicides.
On practice most of growers do not soak seeds and at the same time get excellent shoots. There is no definite answer to this question, so everyone decides for himself whether to soak the seeds or not. If you are growing adenium for the first time, then you can soak some of the seeds, and plant the other without soaking. Growing adenium from seeds allows you to get a beautiful thickened root and a compact crown.
Soil for seeds
The soil for sowing must be loose and breathable. You can make the substrate yourself, for this you need sand, peat, vermiculite and perlite. All components must be thoroughly mixed and slightly moistened. Ready-made potting mix for orchids or succulents is perfect. A drain is required to be installed in the container. Before planting seeds, the soil is treated
Landing rules
It is advisable to place the seeds horizontally and sprinkle with earth about half a centimeter. The distance between the seeds should be three centimeters. Next, the seeds are watered with warm water and the container with adenium is closed. plastic wrap... A couple of times a day, you need to open the film for thirty minutes for airing. The soil during seed germination should be moist, but not wet.
In order to grow adenium, you must observe temperature regime in the range of 24-35 degrees. To heat the container with the plant, you can use a 40 W lamp. When growing adenium from seeds, sprouts appear after ten days, but there are times when after twenty days. About four days after germination, the sprouts take on a bottle shape. Young plants are best placed on the southern windowsill. As soon as four true leaves have appeared, the succulent dives. The grown plant is transplanted into a large container. Adenium grown from seed blooms in the second year.
Adenium: home care
Taking care of the plant at home is quite specific, but not difficult. Adenium belongs to succulents, so it needs warmth and light. In spring and summer, the succulent needs five hours of sunshine every day, the temperature should be 23-28 degrees. A window sill on the south side is ideal for him, but the flower grows well even in bright diffused light. In the autumn and winter periods, adenium (photo below) is in a dormant stage and is gaining strength for flowering.
In October, it is necessary to rearrange the adenium pot in a bright, cool place with an air temperature of 13-15 degrees. During the dormant period, the shoots of the plant cease to grow, the foliage partially or completely falls off. At this time, the flower does not need watering and feeding. It is necessary to ensure that there are no drafts. Subject to the above conditions, adenium will wake up in March. If the plant is watered and kept warm, then the dormant period will last a couple more weeks.
Soil and plant nutrition
For adenium, land without peat will be preferable, and the presence of coarse sand in the mixture should be negligible. Florists recommend the usual sheet soil for adenium. For an adult plant, 50% of fine expanded clay or brick chips must be added to the soil. During the growing season, the plant should be fed once or twice every thirty days. To do this, you can apply fertilizer for cacti, after diluting it with water. In addition, regular mineral supplements will work, but should be low in concentration. Otherwise, excess minerals can harm the flower.
Plant transplant
The young plant is transplanted in the spring every year. An adult adenium transplant is required as needed, when the roots will not fit in the old container, approximately every three years. The container for an adult plant should be shallow, but wide. Water the transplanted adenium when the damaged roots dry out. Plant transplant rules:
- carefully remove the plant from the container;
- gently clean the root system from the ground;
- cut long roots, and remove the diseased;
- dry the places of the cuts and treat with a fungicide;
- plant the plant in another container with a new substrate.
Watering the succulent
Adenium, the care of which during summer period consists in constant moisture, watered when the earth dries out. Excess water negatively affects the adenium, for this reason it is better to skip watering than to excessively moisten the soil.
During the winter period, when the plant is dormant, it is not required to water the adenium. When coming out of hibernation, minimal moisture is required. The first serious watering of adenium should be done only fourteen days after the appearance of the buds. Adenium does not require spraying.
Plant pruning and appearance
The plant can be shaped to suit every taste. Florists recommend carrying out all operations during active growth. First you need to decide and decide what kind of plant you want, since the depth of pruning depends on this. Cauterization of the growth center makes it possible to obtain branching in the upper part of the trunk. Pruning a plant in the middle of a branch will result in branching around the cut. Deep pruning will give you a lot of branching from the caudex (the lower widest part of the trunk). It must be remembered that pruning should be done below the cotyledon leaves. In addition, pruning the adenium will delay the flowering period. The roots and branches of the plant must not be cut during the winter. There are several ways to trim to obtain a unique adenium:
- Cutting off any parts of the succulent.
- Splicing of several adeniums.
- Weaving roots and branches.
- Guiding branches with soft wire.
When working with a flower, special care must be taken, since its juice is poisonous, so the use of gloves is mandatory. At the end of pruning, it is advisable to wash your hands with soap and water. The appearance of adenium (photo above) completely depends on your desires. You can make a plant with a thin trunk or in the form of a ball with a lot of branches, or vice versa. It all depends on imagination and courage. Some species do not require crown formation and branch out on their own.
Diseases and pests
Diseases in plants in most cases occur due to improper watering. Basically, the root system is sick, as it is very sensitive to wet and cold substrate. To eliminate these troubles, a drained, instantly drying soil mixture is used. Excess fertilizer may be the cause of the disease. A significant proportion of adenium varieties grow well, so top dressing should only be used to replenish nutrients that are quickly absorbed into the soil.
Worms and spider mites are considered the main pests. Ticks in most cases affect the upper parts of the adenium, such as buds, tops of young shoots and leaves. If you notice a change in the appearance of a flower or a new leaf, then most likely spider mites have appeared in them. In order to avoid these troubles, it is necessary to carry out seasonal preventive treatments against pests.
Possible problems when growing a plant
Adenium may not bloom at home. This is most likely due to improper soil selection, lack of pruning and dormancy in winter. The leaves turn yellow and fall off with drafts, hypothermia, diseases of the root system, when the dormant period approaches. Finding adenium near moisture-loving plants leads to fungal infections. With excess moisture in the plant, stem rot may begin.
Adeniums have won the hearts of most flower growers around the world. Despite its exotic appearance, the flower adapts perfectly to home conditions, not very whimsical to care for. Compliance with the rules for keeping a succulent during the dormant period will reward with beautiful flowers.
The bottle adenium tree, unusual for our conditions, appeared as room culture relatively recently and quickly gained genuine interest in the succulent lover. And absolutely deservedly so.
Growing adenium at home is becoming more and more fashionable. Caring for him does not require much effort. Therefore, flower growers buy adeniums willingly.
Adeniums look very exotic and beautiful. These are bottle-shaped half-tree-half-shrubs with sparse foliage and delicate flowers various colors: pink, scarlet, crimson, burgundy, white. They are monochromatic and variegated. Adorable bright flowers adenium in combination with thickened trunks produce an exotic effect.
Of interest are not only charming flowers, but also the thickened trunk of indoor adeniums, called caudex. Because of this, adeniums are often mistaken for bonsai. With the help of special shaping, the trunks can be given various interesting and specific shapes.
However, when growing adenium at home, it is important to remember that adenium, with its beauty, is poisonous plant... It must be kept out of the reach of children and animals.
Adenium in nature has adapted to various natural conditions... This plant is also found in the semi-desert rocky zones of the Arabian Peninsula (it is therefore poetically called the desert rose), and in the tropical forests of Africa and South-East Asia... V natural conditions adeniums reach more than three meters in height.
If you are interested in growing adenium at home, you need to know the simple rules for caring for this plant.
In culture, adenium obesum (thick) is usually grown. There are many hybrids of this species. This species is the most unpretentious. The next most popular Adenium Arabic is Adenium arabicum.
Lighting
Adenium is one of the few plants that tolerates and even loves direct sunlight. South windows are the most suitable for him. Good illumination is an important condition good growth and the flowering of this plant at home. The adenium should be periodically turned towards the light in different directions so that the plant does not "bend the crown" towards the light source.
Temperature and humidity
Adenium loves warm, even hot temperatures of 25-35 degrees during the period of active growth, i.e. from spring to autumn. Air humidity is not important in this case. Adenium can be sprayed in summer, especially in the heat, but carefully so that water does not fall on the flowers.
In autumn, with a significant decrease in daylight hours, the plant begins a dormant period. In some species of adenium, it falls off a large number of foliage, all leaves may fall.
During the dormant period, it is not necessary to provide a cool content for the plant. However, adeniums can tolerate temperatures as low as 10 degrees in winter. In this case, they need low air humidity. Otherwise, fungal infection is possible.
Watering
In the spring and summer, when it is hot and the plant is actively growing, it needs abundant watering. In winter (during the dormant period), it is watered rather sparsely, but the earthen lump is not overdried. For irrigation, it is better to use soft water without excess salts, which can be slightly acidified.
Bloom
Adenium blooms from May to September. Large flowers are numerous and last for a long time, more than a week. Flower brushes are formed at the ends of the shoots. In the spring, when the active growth of the plant begins, pruning is done for better branching.
Transfer
The transplant is carried out as the plant grows, and in indoor conditions adeniums can grow quite quickly. Young plants about once a year, large - once every two years. Young adeniums grown from seeds are transplanted up to three times a year. For adult plants, wide pots are chosen, because their roots begin to actively grow in breadth. The size of the pot limits the growth of the plant. If you are satisfied with the size of your adenium, do not transplant it into a large container.
If, during transplantation, the underground part of the plant is slightly raised, a peculiar shape of the trunk will be obtained.
It is imperative to place a drainage layer in a pot with adenium; large expanded clay is best suited as drainage.
The choice of soil for adenium needs to be shown Special attention... The soil should be air and moisture permeable, sufficiently nutritious, with a slightly acidic or neutral reaction. You can take ready-made soil for succulents by adding perlite or vermiculite to it, so that its amount is no more than 20% of total... The soil for terrestrial orchids is also suitable, the soil for epiphytic ones is not nutritious enough.
You can prepare the soil yourself. To do this, take peat or coconut fiber, deciduous-humus soil, coarse sand, perlite (vermiculite) in a ratio of 5: 2: 1: 2.
Diseases and pests
Adeniums may be affected various pests, but most often - a spider mite. To combat it, Fitoverm, Talstar, Neoron preparations are used. Less often the plant is attacked different kind worms. The drug Aktelik effectively fights them. When kept cold and wet, adeniums can be affected by fungal diseases. To avoid this, you should not water the plants abundantly and often during the cool period. Also, for the prevention of fungus, some growers recommend adding charcoal to the soil.
V seed reproduction succulent has its advantages and disadvantages. Having decided to grow adenium from seeds at home, the florist understands that first of all he wins in several points: he receives a flower with a charming caudex already in the first stages of development, and also protects the new plant from viruses that are not transmitted by seeds.
However, one should not forget that the varietal characteristics of the mother succulent are not preserved with this method of growing adenium; most likely, the flower will repeat the features of distant relatives that served as the initial basis for creating a variety or hybrid. If we compare the time and effort spent on germinating seeds and rooting cuttings, then the conclusions are contradictory - for some it is easier to tinker with cuttings, for others it is easier to care for seedlings.
The main thing is obvious - by following all the tips and recommendations on sowing seeds and caring for seedlings correctly, they get a significant number of new cute fat women, who literally from the first days of their life fascinate with an unusual trunk and a lush crown.
What adenium seeds look like
The length of adenium seeds ranges from 8–10 mm to 15–18 mm. Outwardly, they look like light wrinkled cylinders, almost the same in diameter along the entire length of the seed, but there are also barely noticeable thickenings.
The flower grower, having received the planting material of adenium, is puzzled: where is the top of the seed, and where is the bottom? Which side to bury into the ground? The answer is simple - to lay it out sideways, so it is easiest for the sprout to germinate and appear above the surface of the soil mixture.
Preparation of planting material
The happy owners of the cherished seeds immediately try to figure out how to properly prepare them for planting. Experienced adenium owners disagree - some are immersed in a fungicide solution, others in clean water, while others believe that it is possible to do without all these additional procedures, high-quality seeds and so give very soon friendly shoots.
If the seeds are correctly collected, prepared for storage and transportation, they have a high germination rate. Underdried preyut and become covered with mold, and in overdried, the embryo dies and does not germinate.
By trial and error experienced florists came to the conclusion that pre-prepared adenium seeds give better shoots, which later develop faster, are resistant to various diseases and more easily tolerate adaptation when conditions change.
- Soak for 30 minutes in a pink solution of potassium permanganate or any fungicide, such as phytosporin, to suppress a possible pathogenic environment on outer shell seeds.
- Then immerse the seeds for 2 hours in a solution of phytohormone or any growth stimulant, for example, epin, zircon or ribav.
- The seeds that have floated to the surface of this or that solution are discarded, they are unsuitable for sowing and will not germinate.
Composing soil mixture and choosing dishes for sowing
While the seeds are on pre-sowing treatment, it is advisable for the grower to prepare the soil mixture and a suitable container. For group plantings, a shallow plastic container with a transparent lid will do, for single crops - any plastic or ceramic pot, preferably small in volume. Practice has shown: the larger the pot, the more likely watering errors are.
Many growers have experienced unsuccessful germination of seeds in various substrates, so they agree that it is best to sow adenium seeds in perlite or in a mixture of leafy earth and sand.
The following mixture options are also possible:
- 1 part leaf humus;
- 2 parts of coarse river sand;
- 1 part of charcoal in pieces up to 3 mm in length;
- 1 part of the bark is the same size as coal.
Thai flower growers germinate adenium from seeds in a soil mixture of the following composition:
- 2 parts coconut peat;
- 3 pieces of sand;
- 1 part leaf humus;
- 2 parts rice hulls.
After pre-sowing treatment, the planting material is removed from the solution and allowed to dry for 10-15 minutes.
1. Pour soil mixture or perlite into the prepared container to a level that does not reach the edge of the vessel wall by 10-15 mm.
2. The contents of the container are spilled with warm, settled water, the excess is drained from the pan.
3. Seeds are spread horizontally on the surface of the soil mixture.
4. Sprinkle them with a layer of substrate 5–10 mm thick.
5. Spray from a spray bottle.
Crop care at home
A mini-greenhouse is being built over the crops. V plastic container just close the container with a transparent lid. Cover the pot or small glass on top plastic bag or glass jar, fit and plastic bottle from under mineral water with a cut neck.
The container with crops is installed in a warm place, in which an average temperature of 30 degrees above zero is constantly maintained; tolerances- 22-35 degrees. Bright diffused illumination during the first two weeks after sowing.
If the seeds were previously soaked before planting, they are not moistened for the first 2 days, then they are watered until two leaves are formed, without drying the earthen coma between waterings. The mini-greenhouse must be ventilated daily to avoid the appearance of mold on the surface of the soil mixture.
The first shoots appear after 1–8 days, the maximum germination period is 2 weeks. Seeds that have not sprouted during this time are considered incapable of life.
Basic recommendations for the care of seedlings and grown seedlings
The first shoots look like plump, leafless cylindrical columns sticking out from under the earthen coma. When the adenium seedlings develop two leaves, the lighting for them is gradually increased to the level of the need for light of an adult succulent.
At the same moment of caring for the seedlings, the intervals between the next waterings are increased, that is, their frequency is determined based on the light drying of the earthen coma between waterings.
For seedlings aged 1 to 2 months, you can spend foliar feeding a mineral complex containing nitrogen, potassium and phosphorus in equal amounts: N: P: K = 20: 20: 20.
Transfer to separate containers and further care
Plants that have reached 2 months from the date of sowing are transplanted into separate pots, but this can be done later - in 3 or 4 months. The containers are filled up to half with expanded clay, and soil for succulents is poured on top with the addition of sand.
In seedlings, they try to disturb the root system as little as possible, so it is advisable to simply carefully load them with a lump of earth, without freeing the roots from it. Watering is maintained moderate, with light drying of the top layer of the soil mixture.
A week or two after transplanting the seedlings, they produce the already mentioned mineral fertilizers with the same composition, but the concentration is reduced by four times against that recommended by the manufacturer in the instructions. Further feeding of seedlings is carried out once a week, alternating root with foliar.
From 4 to 6 months, the composition of the mineral complex is changed using the following: N: P: K = 8: 15: 15. For root dressing, a concentration of ¼ against that specified in the instructions is still used, and foliar nutrition is carried out once a week, alternating with root dressing, a mineral complex of the specified composition.
Adeniums grown from seeds bloom in the 2-3rd year, but there are frequent cases of bud formation already in 6-month-old seedlings.
Florist errors during germination of adenium seeds
The main problem of the seed method of reproduction of adenium is the lack of seedlings. Most flower growers blame low-quality seeds and the manufacturer who violated the collection and preparation technology. planting material to storage.
However, the fact that the seeds did not germinate may also contain the wine of the grower. A decrease in the temperature of the content of crops by at least a couple of degrees below the thermometer indicator of +20 degrees in the room leads to the death of the sprouts that have hatched.
Violation of the ventilation mode of the mini-greenhouse leads to the formation of mold on the surface of the soil mixture and, as a result, to decay of fragile sprouts. A similar situation is with waterlogging of the earthy coma - rotting begins at the base of the stem, and it is impossible to stop the process.
Another of the common mistakes when sowing seeds is their insufficiently deep planting, which leads to the fact that the sprout appears from the ground along with the shell - the skin, which usually slides off it during germination through a centimeter layer of soil mixture. If it does not fall off by itself in 1-2 days, it will have to be removed manually, because otherwise the seedling may die.
To do this, the skin is moistened with water using a brush or spray bottle. After 5 minutes, carefully remove it with tweezers, trying not to damage or tear off the cotyledon leaves. If it did not work out on the first try, moisten it again with water and repeat all the steps again.
Growing and caring for adenium indoors
Adenium - very beautiful flower in the form of a bush, belonging to the Kutrov family. This is a plant with a fleshy trunk, thickened at the base. The trunk is covered with numerous short shoots. The homeland of the growth of adenium is Southwest and East africa, as well as the territory of the Arabian Peninsula. Growing adenium from seeds is difficult, but possible. If you want to have this beautiful flower - use our tips.
A little about adenium
Today there are only five varieties of this exotic flower. Growing adenium at home became possible only after it was grafted onto oleander. This technique stimulated the abundance and brightness of the flowering of the exotic, as well as its resistance to various diseases and pests.
In indoor floriculture, the most popular are: Nerum obese and Adenium. These are plants small size that bloom with beautiful flowers.
In the wild, this succulent reaches two meters in height. The leaves have a wide variety of colors, depending on the variety and species. In most varieties, the leaves are green, oblong or round in shape with pointed tips. The length of the leaf plate is 5-6 cm. There are also varieties with variegated leaf color or hybrids with narrow long leaves.
Flowering in adenium begins in summer and ends in autumn. The flowers are very beautiful, varied in color and shape. Their size varies from three to thirteen centimeters in diameter. Adenium - unpretentious, undersized indoor plant, characterized by slow growth and early lush flowering. Therefore, this flower is ideal for growing indoors.
Growing adeniums from seeds at home
This process consists of several stages:
Seedling care
When the seedlings get stronger, and they have one pair of leaves, they are seated in separate containers. This procedure will need to be repeated at least three times throughout the year. Adenium grown from seed will bloom no earlier than two years after sowing. The basic care for young adeniums at home is the same as for adult specimens.
Adenium is a drought-resistant plant that actively develops when good lighting... This is perhaps one of the few colors that are positively affected by direct sunlight. The tropical shrub loves frequent but moderate watering. In the summer heat, the plant needs to be moistened more often, and in winter, watering must be limited, since at this time of the year the adenium begins a period of rest. Each soil moistening is carried out after the top clod of earth dries out. It is very important not to allow the flower to become waterlogged, since this succulent, like many others, is damaged by rot.
Adeniums can be transplanted no more than twice a year. Adenium is not picky about the indicator of air humidity, so it is not necessary to spray it.
In the process of growth and development, this plant needs additional feeding. Liquid mineral and organic fertilizers applied once every thirty days during the growing season and at the stage of flowering succulent. To get densely leafy bushes, at the beginning of the season, fertilizing with a high nitrogen content is applied. The splendor and duration of flowering can be achieved with the help of preparations containing phosphorus and potassium.
Dangers to adenium
Adenium is very rarely affected by diseases and pests. Only due to improper care, a scale insect can settle on this exotic flower, spider mite or mealybug... For the purpose of prevention and for the treatment of affected specimens, an insecticidal solution is used.
The greatest danger to adeniums is root rot... To avoid its appearance, the plant is planted in light and breathable soil. V winter time years, when the daylight hours are shorter, and the temperature in the room is below twenty degrees, watering is reduced to a minimum.
Growing adenium from seeds at home is not difficult at all. Knowing the agricultural technology of the plant, giving it proper care and attention, you will certainly succeed.
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