Despite such traditional name- dwarf birch - this tree is not a bit like slender sisters inhabiting deciduous forests and groves. Dwarf birch is a shrub that grows in the tundra. He climbs quite high and feels comfortable only on swamps or on mountain slopes, at an altitude of about half a kilometer above sea level. Dwarf birch creeps along the ground, like a periwinkle, but at the same time it is a full-fledged bush that looks rather pretentious and clumsy. However, this does not prevent landscape designers from cherishing a special love for the representative of the northern flora and using it in design. country houses and personal plots.
In Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous Region dwarf birch is called "yernik", which in translation from Nenets means shrub.
Acquaintance with dwarf birch
In the mountains, where dwarf birch is used to growing, it spreads along the ground, thereby creating impenetrable thickets. And this is not an exaggeration: the birch is intertwined with its friend - a dwarf willow, the same creeping shrub as herself. As a result, whole thickets appear on the surface of the soil. Small, but completely irresistible. It is not possible for a person to step over or walk on them.
Dwarf birch habitats
- Plains. Yornik grows in the Arctic zone, which means that it is a completely traditional representative of the flora of Canada and Siberia. It is often found on the territory of Chukotka and Kamchatka.
- Hills. Alps, Scottish mountains, Altai - in these regions, dwarf shrubs climb to a height of about 2000 m above sea level and feel great in the harsh mountain climate.
Yornik-slate (another name for dwarf birch), despite the eccentric appearance, is part of the Berezov family. The bush rarely grows tall. The maximum recorded height is 1.2 m, but such an indicator is very rare. Most often, the yernik is at a distance of 20 cm from the ground, and a maximum of 60 cm. The main characteristics of a tundra baby are listed below.
- Trunk. Low, tilted to the side.
- Shoots. Numerous, branched. They spread out to the sides, making the crown not convex, but “spreading”. There is a logical rationale for this arrangement of numerous branches: in winter, when the frosts are strong and harsh, the shoots protect the root system from the cold and winds, allowing the plant to survive where others cannot.
- Branch coverage. When the twigs just appear, their surface is covered with small soft short hairs. But over time, the surface of the branches coarsens, the pubescence is replaced by a gray-brown bark, the hairs disappear. The characteristic color of birch is absent in the dwarf, so it is impossible to guess about the relationship.
- Foliage. The leaves are alternate and very small. The diameter of the leaf does not exceed 1.5 cm. The shape of the leaves is almost perfectly round. On the branch they "sit" one by one, and there are teeth along the border of each leaf. WITH front side the leaf is shiny like gloss. And on the back - matte. On the back of the leaf, there is a barely perceptible pubescence. With the arrival of autumn, the foliage of a dwarf birch becomes bright red and orange, and then completely falls off the bush.
- Earrings. Like ordinary birch, dwarf slate also has earrings. They appear on the bush even before the leaves emerge from the buds. The earrings are painted in brightly visible from afar. green color, have an oval shape. They can be seen for the first time in the month of May, and by mid-June they turn into ripe seeds.
- Roots. Unlike most other plants, birch roots do not go deep into the soil. They seem to creep to the sides in order to gradually, millimeter by millimeter, make their way through the stones and tightly frozen ground.
Yornik, due to the climatic conditions in which it lives, grows extremely slowly. Scientists have bred the Golden Treasure variety, which is not only not afraid of frosts - it easily grows in soil that is excessively waterlogged. True, the plant is afraid of drought and is able to tolerate only short-term heat without hindrance.
Growing dwarf birch
A dwarf birch can be brought home from a trip. This is not to say that this plant is very common in our latitudes; it will not be entirely easy to find it in the garden center. Therefore, if there is an opportunity to bring a live souvenir to your homeland, take advantage of it. Another option is to buy yernik seeds and propagate it yourself. However, it is possible that a representative of the tundra flora will still be found in a specialized garden center of your city, thereby simplifying the implementation of the conceived landscape project.
Landing algorithm
- We dig a shallow hole. There is no need for deep, since root system plants do not go deep into the ground, but spread out to the sides.
- Add a little rubble, sand and peat to the soil taken out of the hole. Some experts recommend adding humus to stimulate the growth of the birch.
- We put the seedling in the hole, carefully straighten the roots to the sides in which they are directed.
- Sprinkle the seedling with earth previously prepared for this purpose.
- Water the plant well from the watering can.
The first few months after planting, the yernik must be watered abundantly, doing this often and regularly and in no case allowing the soil to dry out. If the summer is too dry next year, you will need to add regular spraying of shoots and leaves to watering. If there is an opportunity and desire, the soil around the yernik should be mulched. Mulch in this case can be at least sawdust, even rubble, even bark.
The main thing is that on dry summer days, such a coating will protect dwarf plant from too rapid evaporation of water.
Yernik is fertilized twice a year. The first time is in the spring. For this, the fertilizer "Nitroammofoska" is used. The second time the birch is fed in summer period... Re-feeding is carried out using a complex preparation.
Dwarf birch propagation
In the middle lane, a dwarf birch lives well. Climatic conditions ideal, thanks to which the seeds have time to fully ripen. On the advice of experts, it is necessary to sow the seed collected from the tundra baby either immediately after harvesting, or at the end of autumn, after the first frost. Also, yernik can be propagated in a simpler and effective way- vegetative. To implement it, you will need several branches cut from the bush.
Algorithm for grafting dwarf birch
- We put the cut branches in a container with water and wait for planting material will start up the roots.
- After the roots appear, we plant small seedlings in open ground.
As you can see, everything is as simple as two and two. The representative of the tundra flora easily takes root in our latitudes and develops faster than in its frozen homeland.
Dwarf birch in garden design
Yernik in landscape design is rare. The reason is simple: not everyone knows how to work with it, and with which plants it should be combined. Below we list just a few options for using tundra babies, each of which is beautiful in its own way.
Alpine slide. If you are a fan of alpine slides (or rockeries), if you strive to recreate not only the landscape, but also the vegetation of the mountain slope, be sure to include the item "Dwarf birch" in your shopping list. Designers often make it one of the centers of such compositions. The foliage of the plant turns into an amazing background, which is painted green in summer and glows with wilting colors in autumn.
Japanese garden. A rocky garden, teeming with large pebbles and boulders, will look even more beautiful if one or more dwarfs are planted in it. In compositions of this kind, experts recommend combining it with heather.
Near the reservoir. If there is a small artificial reservoir on the site, for example, a pond or a trickle, a dwarf birch tree can imitate the miraculousness of this landscape. It is worth supplementing the yernik near an artificial reservoir with the following plants:
- badan;
- gentian;
- saxifrage.
Tundra corner. If on your personal plot there is a place that in the spring turns into a swamp due to flooding and on which you do not risk planting garden crops, use it for decorative purposes. For example, recreate a small tundra by decorating a flooded area with mosses, cranberries, dwarf trees, and ferns. dwarf varieties... Among such neighbors, a baby birch with its bizarrely curved shoots will look more than organic.
Another option for using yernik in landscape design is the creation of a hedge. True, in this case, the shrub will need to be cut regularly so that it branches and thereby forms a low, but very dense living fence.
Botanical name: Dwarf birch or small birch (Betula nana).
Genus: Birch.
Family: Birch.
Homeland of dwarf birch: North hemisphere.
Lighting: light-requiring, shade-tolerant.
The soil: swampy, moist.
Watering: abundant.
Maximum tree height: up to 1 m.
Average tree lifespan: 100-120 years old.
Landing: seeds, cuttings.
Dwarf birch: description
The dwarf birch, a photo of which is presented on the page, is a close relative of an ordinary birch. It is a highly branched shrub. It reaches a height of about 1 m. The branches are raised up, or spread over the surface of the earth, in diameter they can cover an area of up to 3 m. With very small sizes, the shoots are hidden in the thickness of the lichen, only the leaves of the plant are visible on the surface. The leaf arrangement is next.
Dwarf birch leaves are small, 5-15 mm long, 10-20 mm wide, rounded, dark green above, light green below. Attached to shoots with short petioles 4-6 mm long. In autumn they turn yellow and bright red.
The earrings on a dwarf birch are also extremely small. They have an oval shape. When ripe, they crumble into separate parts: three-lobed scales and fruits - small oval nuts 2 mm long, 1 mm wide, with narrow, membranous wings on the sides.
The flowers are small, inconspicuous, unisexual. Blooms in May, before the leaves open. Fruiting from April to June.
Young shoots are velvety or fluffy, with dark brown or brown bark. Dwarf birch grows very slowly.
The bark of an adult plant is smooth, covered with a cork layer. The winter hardiness of the shrub is quite high. V wildlife found in the North of Russia, Yakutia and Western Siberia... Abroad, it grows in North America and northern Europe. Sometimes found in the mountains, the Alps. Prefers stony, boggy and tundra soils.
Dwarf birch in the tundra with a photo
This shrub is considered one of the most common tundra plants. It is found throughout the tundra zone, grows especially abundantly in its southern part, where you can find whole thickets of dwarf birch.
The dwarf birch of the tundra is able to withstand long, harsh winters on frozen ground. It grows mainly in swamps, along with lichens, mosses and dwarf willows. In the summer, the plant serves as food for tundra animals. Larger specimens of birch trees are used by the local population as fuel.
A photo of a dwarf birch in the tundra is attached.
Dwarf birch in landscape design with a photo
Landscaping uses decorative form dwarf birch. Trees are planted for landscaping gardens, adjoining territories, for the design of public parks and landscape gardens.
Due to its small, rounded shape, this shrub does not require regular pruning.
Looks beautiful in rockeries, alpine coaster and group plantings, combined with low-growing evergreen conifers.
Dwarf birch: planting and care
Dwarf birch is planted with saplings or seeds. The plant is planted in spring and autumn. Dwarf birch seedlings successfully take root on any soil, but they prefer loose, slightly acidic, well fertilized, sandy loam and light loamy in composition.
They love abundant watering. Adult plant in summer, it draws about 250 liters of water from the soil per day. Large seedlings with an open root system are more difficult to take root. Some of them die, others may dry out the tops.
Planting pits are filled with a mixture of garden soil, humus, sand and peat. In the spring, a complex fertilizer is added to the pit, in the fall, a phosphorus-potassium composition is used. Top dressing is required in early spring and early summer.
Nitrogen fertilizers (mullein, urea and ammonium nitrate) are suitable for this. Nitroammofoska and Kemira-station wagon serve as an autumn top dressing.
Abundant watering is necessary at planting and in the next 3-4 days. During hot and dry periods, the volume of water should be increased.
Loosening is required to combat weeds and saturate the soil with oxygen, it is allowed to a depth of 3 cm.
Sowing with seeds is done immediately after harvest or in late autumn. Seeds are harvested during the browning period of the earrings.
Pest control
Dwarf birch pests -, and,.
For the prevention and control of pests, the shrub is annually treated with fungicides and insecticides.
Interesting facts about the Yernik dwarf birch
In the North, dwarf birch is called "dwarf birch". This name comes from the Nenets word "nana", which means "bush". In the harsh conditions of the tundra, this plant has developed its own strategy of successful existence: it moves forward under a layer of a snow cloak, thereby protecting itself from freezing and death. Therefore, dwarf birch grows in a spreading, branchy bush, and not as a straight tree.
Let's consider in more detail some of the most important plants tundra.
Dwarf birch, or dwarf birch (Betula papa). The dwarf birch bears little resemblance to our common, familiar birch, although both of these plants are close relatives (different species of the same genus). The height of a dwarf birch is small - rarely more than half a person's height. And it does not grow as a tree, but as a branchy bush. Its branches rise slightly upward, and often even spread over the surface of the earth. In a word, the birch tree is really dwarf. Sometimes it is so small that its creeping shoots are almost entirely hidden in the thickness of the moss-lichen carpet, and only leaves are visible on the surface. I must say that the leaves of a dwarf birch are not at all the same as those of an ordinary birch, their shape is rounded, and the width is often greater than the length. And they are relatively small in size - like small copper coins. Along the edge of the leaf, there are small semicircular protrusions one after the other (such an edge of the leaf is called crenate by botany). The leaves are dark green, glossy above, and paler, light green below. In autumn, the leaves are beautifully colored - they turn bright red. The thickets of dwarf birch trees at this time of the year are unusually colorful, they always surprise with their bright crimson.
Seeing for the first time a twig of a dwarf birch with leaves, few of us will say that it is a birch. Even if we notice earrings on a twig, it will also be difficult to determine that there is a birch in front of us. Like the plant itself, these catkins are dwarf, very short - their length is no more than a nail. And in shape, they are not at all the same as in ordinary birch - oval or elongated-ovoid. When ripe, the catkins crumble into separate parts - small three-lobed scales and tiny nuts, equipped with a narrow filmy edge. In this respect, dwarf birch differs little from ordinary birch.
The dwarf birch is one of the most common tundra plants. It can be found in almost the entire tundra zone. It is especially abundant in the southern part of the tundra, where it often forms thickets. V summer time deer feed on its leaves. A local population collects larger specimens of the plant for fuel.
In the North, dwarf birch is often called dwarf birch. This name comes from the Nenets word "era", which means "shrub".
Highlander viviparous and dwarf birch - a twig with leaves and earrings
In the tundra, where trees no longer grow and the forest ends, dwarf birch stands as its vanguard. Yernik's strategy is as follows: move forward under the protection of a snow cloak.
Anything above the snow is doomed to perish. Therefore, the dwarf tree does not grow as a straight tree, but as a spread, spreading bush of several branches. If there is moss, then the whole bush is buried in a moss cushion. Only the ends of the twigs with earrings stick out outward. The earrings, although small, are common, birch.
The tree forms a bush up to 1 m tall with small, up to 1.5 cm in diameter, round leaves on short petioles.
Its young shoots are at first finely pubescent, later glabrous, gray or glossy red-brown. Leaves are rounded, 5 - 15 mm wide with a coarse serrate edge, glossy above, dark green, below with a distinct reticular venation. In autumn, the leaves turn yellow.
The leaf arrangement is alternate. Leaves are rounded, 1.0-2.5 cm long and wide, with a rounded tip and a wide-wedge-shaped base, with blunt toothed edges.
Above, the leaves are dark green, glossy, lighter below, in young age sticky. Petioles are short, 4-6 mm long.
The flowers are small, inconspicuous, unisexual, collected in short serrate inflorescences 5-15 mm in length and 4-10 mm in width at the ends of lateral branches, light brown.
Blooms before the leaves open.
Photo: El Grafo
Photo: El Grafo
Nuts in them are also standard, birch, with wings, as expected.
Only the wings of the yernik seem to be useless. The wings of birch trees are designed for the wind. He must carry the nuts into the distance.
Yernik, since he is pressed to the ground, lives in calm. Even the fiercest tundra wind reduces its ardor at the rough surface of tundra plants.
And the expectation that the wind will carry away the winged nuts of the yernik is not justified. In a common white birch at the end of summer, in August, they already fly away. At the yernik they go under the snow while still wearing earrings. If they crumbled in August, they would be wasted, falling next to the mother bush.
Cloudberry, lichen, dwarf birch, dwarf willow - tundra plants
Instead, they fly out in the spring when the snow melts. Spring waters pick them up and carry them to new places.
The wings are an echo of the distant past, a memory of the long and winding history of the species.
Yernik doesn't need them. He would have lived happily even without the wings. Yes, and nuts are needed by a dwarf birch once in a hundred years. Why exactly at a hundred, you can understand if you trace the life of a dwarf tree from germination to old age.
The birch has adapted so well to the harsh conditions of the tundra and swamps that even the biology of its reproduction has become different in comparison with forest tree birches.
So, if the seeds of trees ripen by August and then flutter with the wind, then the dwarf birch, also ripening by the end of summer, the seeds remain in the catkins for the winter. And only in the spring, with external waters, they are carried far from the mother bush. Therefore, the wings on the seeds of a dwarf birch are not needed, although they are, like other species of birches.
Unlike birch-trees, seeds of a birch do not develop every year, but it reproduces mainly in a vegetative way.
Separate branches of dwarf birch are pressed against the surface of the peat and give adventitious roots, and new plants grow from the point of their rooting next year. So it "crawls" through the swamp, slowly moving forward, meter by meter.
Yernik seedlings do not appear anywhere, but only where nothing grows. Here the geese are allies of Yernik. Geese pluck out the grass, and this place is washed away by the spring waters.
They also carry the nuts of a dwarf birch here. Of course, not only geese play into the hands of a birch tree. Reindeer can use their hooves to break up the mossy turf and expose the soil.
Up to ten years, a birch tree grows with one whip. It is not known what would have happened to him next if he had not been devoured by deer. One stump remains. On it are dormant kidneys. They start to grow and give new branches. By the age of forty, there are already two or three branches on the yernik, or even five.
Before the onset of frost, the branches lie to the ground.
If they do not lie down, they will freeze. When they lie down, they will give roots and pinned to the soil. New branches will sprout from the recumbent branches. But those, too, go to winter. And give roots. This is repeated many times. Slowly but steadily, the yernik moves forward. For ten years - by a meter.
When the yernik turns one hundred years old, the oldest parts of it die off. And fresh branches begin an independent life. And on the site of the dead bush, bearberry settles.
True, the bearberry does not use someone else's area for a long time. Shoots of dwarf birch appear and survive.
Fires, if not very frequent, play into the hands of Yernik. After the fires, it grows even thicker than it used to be. It is not for nothing that the dwarf birch has settled around the world as widely as rare other trees: from Scandinavia to the eastern outskirts of Asia. It grows in Greenland, Iceland and North America.
If the wings of the nuts suddenly disappeared in the yernik, nothing would change in his fate.
But for other birches, the loss of wings can turn into a tragedy. This happened with iron birch in the Far East. She has an iron strength wood. And even the bark of a metallic, cast-iron color. Nuts are small, slightly larger than a grain of millet. Of all our birches, the iron one stands out for its nuts. They have no wings. If there were, it would grow by Far East wider than now.
Wingless nuts are falling under the canopy of the mother tree.
And therefore, iron birch has survived only on a tiny piece of land near Vladivostok. Moreover, in the adjacent regions of Korea and China. It is useless to look for her in a dense coniferous forest. Iron birch groves are easiest to spot on steep, rocky cliffs near rivers.
Where there is almost no soil. Where the forest canopy cannot close. And where other trees are unable to supplant the iron birch.
There is another reason why the ranks of the iron birch have melted.
In the old days before there was washing machines, Far Eastern housewives dreamed of iron birch washboards. And loving husbands did their best to provide for their girlfriends necessary equipment... The boards turned out to be eternal. They passed from generation to generation. And the reserves of iron birch were melting.
Growing birch, care after planting and types
The genus of birch (Betula) includes about 40 species of trees and shrubs found in the temperate and cool Northern Hemisphere.
Due to its decorative qualities, the picturesque tree with an airy crown has found wide application in the landscape design of the garden.
Varieties and types of birch are fully adapted to the climate of the middle zone. The culture is characterized by rapid growth and unpretentiousness. Low decorative birches are beautifully presented as tapeworms against the background of the lawn, as well as in groups, in the company of, for example, conifers.
The bark, depending on the species, can be white, dark, yellow and even slightly pink.
The root system is usually shallow, highly branched, and therefore lacks sufficient stability in strong winds.
Caring for the birch is not difficult, and planting in containers can be carried out throughout the season.
Decorative varieties and names of species of birch
Hanging or warty birch (Betula pendula). The most popular and ubiquitous type of classic birch in the landscape of the middle lane.
Tall tree growing up to 30 m tall with long, thin, weeping branches. The species itself is rarely used in gardening a garden, but its low graceful varieties have become popular landscape design plants.
Varieties of this type:
"Trost's Dwarf" - with a very unusual undersized variety with an openwork, airy crown of thin, needle-like leaves;
Birch "Yungi" (Youngii).
One of the most popular low varietal forms. The height does not exceed 2-3 meters, but the growth of the tree can be controlled by pruning;
"Royal Frost" is a tree with spectacular chocolate-burgundy, glossy leaves that turn bronze in autumn.
The crown is loose, pyramidal. It grows to a maximum of 10 m. It develops well in almost all conditions and is most resistant to pests;
"Golden Cloud" — a small tree, the leaves of which are golden-green throughout the season, "Fastigiata" - the crown of the tree resembles the shape of a cypress or pyramidal poplar.
Paper or canoe birch (Betula paperifera) from North America.
It is characterized by a white bark with occasional dark stripes, sometimes shades of pink, cream or yellow. The crown is dense, not weeping. The bark of this tree was used by the Indians as paper. Variety "Renci" with a triangular crown and golden leaves in autumn.
Jacmond Himalayan Hybrid(Betula utilis var. Jacquemontii). Differs in large leaves and smooth snow-white bark.
Cultivars: Doorenbos, Jermyns, Silver Shadow and Grayswood Ghost.
Species varieties Betula nigra:
"Little King" is a fast-growing dwarf form of a dense multi-stemmed tree with a wide rounded crown;
"Summer Cascade" - is a small tree with a dense crown of weeping thin branches that descend to the ground.
It grows well on both wet and dry soils.
Dwarf decorative birch group Nana (Betula nana)... These are low bushes or trees, reaching a height of 50 cm to 1 meter. The branches are dark, covered with tiny, round, glossy leaves.
An excellent hybrid on a stem with golden leaves "Golden Treasure". Prefers peaty soils.
"Magical Globe"- a varietal novelty on a stem, originally from Australia, characterized by a spherical dwarf crown.
Feels good in the sun, prefers permeable, dry and rather poor soils.
Planting birch on the site
All types of birch are completely unpretentious. For growing, choose a sunny position or light partial shade. The soil requirements are low. The culture grows well in any type of soil, both in poor sandy and fertile substrates, but it does not tolerate stagnant water well.
The only species that can tolerate excess water and grows well in swamps is black birch.
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3 delicious sandwiches - cucumber sandwich, chicken sandwich, cabbage and meat sandwich - great idea for a quick snack or for a picnic in nature. Only fresh vegetables, juicy chicken and cream cheese and some spices. There are no onions in these sandwiches, if you wish, you can add onions marinated in balsamic vinegar to any of the sandwiches, this will not spoil the taste. Having quickly prepared snacks, all that remains is to collect a picnic basket and go to the nearest green lawn.
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Taxonomy
on Wikisource
Images
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Dwarf birch, little birch or dwarf birch, (lat. Bétula nána) - a species of plants of the genus Birch ( Betula) of the Birch family ( Betulaceae).
Terminology
There are also names in Russian yernik , yernik, birch dwarf, slate, birch slate, yernik-slate, carla, era.
Distribution and ecology
The range of the species covers almost the entire territory of Europe, except for the extremely southern regions, and almost the entire territory of Canada. On the territory of Russia, it grows in the north of the European part of Russia, in Western Siberia and Yakutia, Chukotka, Kamchatka.
Outside the north, it can be found in the mountains above 300 m, it is found in the mountains up to 835 m in Scotland and up to 2200 m in the Alps.
Birch forms continuous thickets in the arctic tundra, in the alpine belt, on moss sphagnum or hypnum bogs in the forest zone, called yerniks.
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Botanical description
Classification
Taxonomy
View Dwarf birch belongs to the genus Birch ( Betula) of the subfamily Birch ( Betuloideae) of the Birch family ( Betulaceae) of the order Bucous ( Fagales).
| 7 more families (according to APG II System) |
1-2 more genera | |||||||||||||||
| order Beech | subfamily Birch | view Dwarf birch |
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| Department Flowering, or Angiosperms | family Birch | genus Birch |
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| 44 more orders of flowering plants (according to APG II System) |
one more subfamily, Hazel (according to APG II System) |
more than 110 species | ||||||||||||||
Representatives
- Betula nana subsp. nana
- Betula nana subsp. exilis (Sukaczev) Hultén[syn. Betula exilis Sukaczevbasionym]
The subspecies nana young shoots are pubescent, but not sticky; leaves are longer (up to 2.5 cm), usually the length and width are about the same. The subspecies is widespread in the northwestern part of Asia, Europe (to the south - in the Alps at high altitudes), in Greenland, on the island of Baffin's Land (Canada).
The subspecies exilis young shoots are not pubescent or have separate scattered hairs, sticky. Leaves are shorter (no more than 12 mm in length), often wider than long. The subspecies is widespread in the northeastern part of Asia, in the north of North America (Alaska, Canada).
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Notes (edit)
Literature
- Genus 1. Betula L. - Birch // / Ed. volumes by S. Ya. Sokolov. - M.-L. : Publishing house of the Academy of Sciences of the USSR, 1951. - T. II. Angiosperms. - P. 326 .-- 612 p. - 2500 copies.
- Kuzeneva O. I.// Flora of the USSR: in 30 volumes / ch. ed. V. L. Komarov. - M.-L. : Publishing house of the Academy of Sciences of the USSR, 1936. - T. V / ed. volumes by V.L.Komarov. - S. 301-302. - 762 + XXVI p. - 5175 copies.
- Grozdova N.B., Nekrasov V.I., Globa-Mikhailenko D.A. Trees, shrubs and lianas: A reference guide. - M .: Lesn. prom-st, 1986 .-- P. 110.
- Skvortsov V.E. Educational atlas. Flora Central Russia... - M .: CheRo, 2004 .-- S. 115.
- // Encyclopedic Dictionary of Brockhaus and Efron: in 86 volumes (82 volumes and 4 additional). - SPb. , 1890-1907.
Links
- : Information about the taxon in the Plantarium project (identifier of plants and illustrated atlas of species).
“Yes, yes, of course,” Pierre said, delighted with the help that came to him.
“It’s impossible not to confess,” Prince Andrei continued, “Napoleon is great as a man on the Arkolsky bridge, in a hospital in Jaffa, where he shakes hands with the plague, but ... but there are other actions that are difficult to justify.
Prince Andrew, apparently wishing to soften the awkwardness of Pierre's speech, got up, getting ready to go and giving a sign to his wife.
Suddenly, Prince Hippolyte got up and, with signs of his hands, stopping everyone and asking them to sit down, spoke:
- Ah! aujourd "hui on m" a raconte une anecdote moscovite, charmante: il faut que je vous en regale. Vous m "excusez, vicomte, il faut que je raconte en russe. Autrement on ne sentira pas le sel de l" histoire. [Today they told me a lovely Moscow anecdote; they need to help you. Excuse me, Viscount, I will speak in Russian, otherwise all the salt of the anecdote will disappear.]
And Prince Ippolit began to speak Russian with the same reprimand as the French, who had spent a year in Russia. Everyone paused: so lively, Prince Hippolytus insistently demanded attention to his history.
- There is one lady in Moscou, une dame. And she is very stingy. She needed two valets de pied per carriage. And very tall. It was to her liking. And she had une femme de chambre [maid], still very tall. She said…
Here Prince Hippolyte became thoughtful, apparently with difficulty thinking.
“She said ... yes, she said: 'girl (a la femme de chambre), put on the livree [livery] and come with me, behind the carriage, faire des visites.' [make visits.]
Here Prince Hippolytus snorted and laughed much before his listeners, which made an impression unfavorable for the narrator. However, many, including an elderly lady and Anna Pavlovna, smiled.
- She went. Suddenly became strong wind... The girl lost her hat, and her long hair was combed ...
Then he could no longer hold on and began to laugh abruptly, and through this laugh he said:
- And the whole world learned ...
That was the end of the anecdote. Although it was not clear why he was telling it and why he had to be told in Russian, Anna Pavlovna and others appreciated the secular courtesy of Prince Hippolytus, who so pleasantly ended Monsieur Pierre's unpleasant and unfriendly trick. The conversation after the anecdote disintegrated into small, insignificant rumors about the future and the past ball, the performance, about when and where who would see each other.
After thanking Anna Pavlovna for her charmante soiree, [a charming evening] the guests began to disperse.
Pierre was awkward. Fat, taller than usual, wide, with huge red hands, he, as they say, did not know how to enter the salon and was even less able to get out of it, that is, before going out to say something especially pleasant. Moreover, he was absent-minded. Rising, instead of his hat, he grabbed a three-cornered hat with a general's plume and held it, tugging at the sultan, until the general asked to return it. But all his absent-mindedness and inability to enter the salon and speak in it were redeemed by an expression of good nature, simplicity and modesty. Anna Pavlovna turned to him and, with Christian meekness expressing forgiveness for his trick, nodded to him and said:
“I hope to see you again, but I also hope that you will change your minds, my dear Monsieur Pierre,” she said.
When she said this to him, he didn’t say anything, he just bent down and showed everyone once again his smile, which didn’t say anything, except this: "Opinions are opinions, and you see what a kind and nice guy I am." And everyone, and Anna Pavlovna, involuntarily felt this.
Prince Andrey went out into the hall and, putting his shoulders to the footman who was putting on his cloak, listened indifferently to the chatter of his wife with Prince Hippolytus, who also went out into the hall. Prince Hippolytus stood beside a pretty pregnant princess and stubbornly looked straight at her through his lorgnette.
“Go, Annette, you’ll catch a cold,” said the little princess, saying goodbye to Anna Pavlovna. - C "est arrete, [Resolved,]" she added quietly.
Anna Pavlovna had already managed to talk with Liza about the matchmaking that she was up to between Anatole and the sister-in-law of the little princess.
“I rely on you, dear friend,” said Anna Pavlovna, also quietly, “you will write to her and tell me, comment le pere envisagera la chose. Au revoir, [How the father looks at the case. Goodbye,] - and she left the hall.
Prince Hippolyte went up to the little princess and, bending his face close to her, began to say something to her in a half whisper.
Two footmen, one a princess, the other his, waiting for them to finish speaking, stood with a shawl and a coat and listened to them, incomprehensible to them, French talk with such faces, as if they understood what was being said, but did not want to show it. The princess, as always, spoke smiling and listened laughing.
“I’m very glad that I didn’t go to the envoy,” said Prince Ippolit: “boredom… It's a wonderful evening, isn't it, wonderful?
“They say that the ball will be very good,” answered the princess, pulling up her lips with her mustache. - Everything beautiful women societies will be there.
- Not all, because you will not be there; not all, ”said Prince Ippolit, laughing joyfully, and, seizing the shawl from the footman, even pushed it and began to put it on the princess.
From embarrassment or deliberately (no one could make out this), he did not give up for a long time when the shawl was already put on, and seemed to embrace a young woman.