Symptoms of gastrointestinal diseases. Symptoms and Treatment of Gastrointestinal Disorders Gastrointestinal Pathology

Flatulence

One of the most common symptoms of a variety of stomach and intestinal disorders is flatulence, or in other words, bloating. This is a condition in which a sick person, from an excessive accumulation of gases, feels a bursting inside himself. As a rule, flatulence is accompanied by pain in the form of contractions, which subside after they leave. Also, the condition is characterized by a feeling of unprecedented heaviness and often manifests itself along with hiccups and belching.

Nausea

Vomit

A very unpleasant phenomenon, which is an involuntary release through the pharynx and mouth of everything that was in the stomach. As a rule, it is accompanied by rapid breathing, sharp abdominal pain, increased salivation. True, after the release of vomit, the patient feels relief. Usually vomiting is a sign of many diseases and poisoning. It happens that it is not possible to stop it without the intervention of health workers.

Therefore, it is important to understand that prolonged vomiting is a very serious symptom, therefore, self-medication in this case is strictly prohibited. Especially if what comes out has impurities of mucus, blood or bile.

By the way, vomiting can occur even with strong excitement or a surge of emotion. For many women in the early stages, this is generally normal.

Heartburn

This annoying symptom appears when the patient has an excessive release of gastric juice, that is, acidity rises. Heartburn is a kind of uncomfortable burning sensation in the upper part of the esophagus. Sometimes people with heartburn feel a lump in their throat, which is very pressing and very unpleasant. They especially annoy the patient with gastrointestinal disorders when a person bends over to pick or do something. In this position of the body, it only intensifies and even more irritates.

But keep in mind that a common occurrence like heartburn can cause holes in the stomach, intestines (ulcers), and even cancer of the digestive system.

Bad breath

Every inhabitant of the planet faces this problem. The fact is that bad breath, as a rule, occurs when a person is extremely hungry ... we are not talking about not observing hygiene measures now. In another way, this condition is also called halitosis.

Various ailments of the gastrointestinal tract contribute to the development of this unpleasant symptom. Moreover, both in adults and children. Bad-smelling breath usually occurs in patients with gastritis, peptic ulcer disease, problems with the pancreas, namely in a state of acetone syndrome and other diseases. In general, the doctors calculated, in 50% of cases, bad breath comes from when there are certain disorders in the digestive tract.

Salivation disorders

Xerostomia or obstructed salivation, and also vice versa - an increased secretory reflex - a mandatory accompaniment to many gastrointestinal disorders. Especially disturbances in the secretion of saliva are manifested in the presence of gastritis, some types of cholecystitis and other similar pathologies in a person. Also, increased salivation can occur with ulcers, inflammation of the pancreas, etc.

Such an unpleasant symptom most often manifests itself with concomitant symptoms - heartburn or belching, which only indicates that a person is developing a pathology of the digestive system. Usually, problems with salivation go away on their own, as soon as the patient's period of exacerbation of the disease begins to subside.

Language changes

This sign of gastrointestinal pathologies is the most common and, as a rule, occurs with gastritis, ulcers and other digestive ailments. It is simply impossible not to notice changes in the oral cavity. Indeed, with such violations, plaque, hyperemia, edema, or even peculiar wounds appear on the tongue. The color of this organ also changes - in the presence of diseases of the stomach and intestines, it can acquire a grayish tint or very white with a characteristic yellowness. So, in the presence of an ulcer in a patient, a strong plaque and swelling occurs on the tongue, and with gastritis, hypertrophy of the mushroom papillae, small dots on its surface, is also added to this.

It is believed that changes on the lingual surface in the mouth are the earliest symptom that indicates the development of bad gastrointestinal pathologies in the body.

Hiccups

Specific contractions of the diaphragm, characterized by the involuntary expulsion of excess air that has entered the stomach with food or resulting from increased gas production. Therefore, hiccups are one of the main symptoms of many gastrointestinal disorders, for example, an overflow of food in the stomach or severe intoxication. In any case, if the hiccups are not long-lasting, then besides unpleasant sensations and annoyance, it will not cause much trouble. But when such a physiological reaction is too long and exhausting, it is better to contact a gastroenterologist and undergo an appropriate examination.

Bitterness in the mouth

One of the unpleasant manifestations of digestive pathologies. Its presence is constant or rare is another reason to seek medical help. After all, a bitter taste in the mouth is associated with a malfunction of the gallbladder or liver problems. Most often it occurs with cholecystitis and pancreatitis, indicating that bile is expelled into the stomach. This symptom is also typical for peptic ulcer disease.

Itchy skin

Like the above, a similar phenomenon is also a symptom of disturbances in the work of the digestive system. As a rule, itchy skin occurs with pathologies of the kidneys, liver, pancreas, worms or disturbances in the metabolic processes of the body. An itchy lesion can occur in one place or spread to several points.

Therefore, as soon as you notice a similar "need" in yourself, you need to be examined in order to identify the disease at the initial stage. Although, if itchy skin has a prolonged course, then this may indicate chronic ailments of the gastrointestinal tract.

Jaundice

It appears when, as a result of the development of pathologies of the gastrointestinal tract, the outflow of bile from the biliary tract into the duodenum is disrupted. At the same time, it simply stagnates and bilirubin (bile pigment) enters the bloodstream, staining the skin and sclera of the eyes in a characteristic yellow color.

A frequent occurrence in disorders of the human digestive system. It is characterized by frequent, mostly watery bowel movements. Diarrhea in a patient appears when food is poorly digested, very quickly moves through the digestive tract, without having time to digest properly. Usually, this condition is provoked by viruses and bacteria present in the inflamed intestine. And a similar manifestation accompanies pancreatitis, intoxication or cholestasis.

By the way, diarrhea is also a symptom of other disorders of the human body, for example, stress, changes in climate or diet, taking certain medications. In any case, such an important symptom cannot be ignored, because it can provoke an even more serious illness.

Rumbling in the stomach

Every person encounters this symptom. We are used to thinking that rumbling means that the person is hungry. But sometimes such specific sounds from the abdomen indicate the onset of a serious illness.

Usually, the cause of the annoying rumbling is a disease of the gallbladder (the presence of stones in it), colitis, enteritis, or again pancreatitis.

That is, this phenomenon is a kind of accompaniment to the above-mentioned symptoms of diseases of the esophagus - flatulence, diarrhea, etc. Depending on which area of ​​the abdomen you feel rumbling sounds, you can pre-diagnose one or another pathology of the gastrointestinal tract.

Constipation

Disorders in the digestive tract can sometimes be accompanied by obstructed bowel activity - constipation. You should pay attention to this if you have not defecated for more than 48 hours. Constipation is also considered a discharge of very hard stools, which come out with very strong and unpleasant pain.

There are many reasons for this state of the body, but the most common of them are stomach or duodenal ulcers, dysbiosis, gastrointestinal oncological diseases, or irritable bowel syndrome.

Abdominal pain

In general, with characteristic diseases of the entire digestive system, the very first sign indicating digestive disorders is the so-called epigastric pain. As a rule, they appear with serious disorders and pathologies of the gastrointestinal tract, and with the slightest disorder or poisoning. Abdominal pains can be cramping, or have an aching character.

Their presence can say a lot: about an ulcer disease, and about an increase or damage to the liver, and about the fact that the intestines or bile ducts in the patient's body are too active.

Itching of the anus

But if you feel pain in the abdomen, and at the same time you are worried about itching near the anus, look for the cause in the intestines. The most likely cause of this can be diseases of the rectum and the anus itself. If your anus itself and the area around it are irritated all the time, then it may well be warts or condylomas, which, during bowel movements, touch the feces and begin to itch. The most commonplace reason for this depressing phenomenon is, of course, worms.

Pathological impurities in feces

But the appearance of this symptom already indicates more serious ailments. In modern medicine, they include pieces of undigested food, mucus, blood, pus. The last two "contents" in the feces of a sick person indicate a violation of the integrity of the esophageal mucosa. Also, blood and pus in the stool may be present when a person is sick with dysentery, has an ulcer, hemorrhoids, or a fissure in the rectum.

This is a rather serious symptom that requires immediate medical attention.

Tenesmus or false desires

It is also a characteristic sign of a malfunction of the gastrointestinal tract. It occurs as a result of violations of muscle contractions and promotes the formation of the urge to defecate. As a rule, apart from pain, they do not bring anything good to the patient and are accompanied by a complete absence of feces.

Belching

Frequent and peculiar to every person. This is a kind of ejection through the mouth of excess gases from the stomach when it is saturated with food. It is accompanied by a characteristic unpleasant sound, which speaks not only of the bad manners of the patient, but also of the presence of gastrointestinal diseases.

Although it is also present in pathologies of the cardiovascular, liver and gallbladder.

Dysphagia

This is also an important symptom of digestive pathologies. Difficulty swallowing. The causes can be various lesions of the esophagus: foreign bodies, scar narrowing or tumors. But the most common cause of this phenomenon is gastroesophageal reflux disease, which also requires medical intervention.

Bowel diseases, symptoms and signs of illness, are the result of an upset gastrointestinal tract. The main symptoms are lower abdominal pain, diarrhea, or constipation. However, it is worth finding out other symptoms of intestinal disorders, and the most common diseases of the digestive system. Accurate identification of symptomatic signs is very important as it narrows down the number of diseases that should be taken into account when diagnosing.

Diseases of the stomach and intestines have many common symptomatic signs, however, most of them occur in other clinical conditions that are not associated with problems of the digestive tract. Therefore, the diagnosis of intestinal diseases requires a thorough laboratory and instrumental examination. The main symptoms and signs of bowel disease is diarrhea, when the number of bowel movements is more than three times a day, and the stool has a liquid consistency.

The most common causes of diarrhea are:

• Impaired absorption of nutrients by the intestines - absorption.
• Reaction of the gastrointestinal tract to drugs.
• The presence of a gastrointestinal infection in the body.
• A deficiency in a digestive enzyme such as lactase.
• Intestinal hypersensitivity to a certain type of food.
• Functional disorders, for example.
• Clinical disorders of the pancreas or thyroid gland.

In addition, diarrhea often occurs in people traveling to countries with a lower standard of hygiene, which is a separate medical condition defined in medicine as "traveler's diarrhea".

The following signs and symptoms of bowel disease are stomach pain. However, in addition to intestinal disorders, such symptoms may also indicate clinical problems with the liver, pancreas, blood vessels, urinary system, reproductive organs in women, and so on. Such symptoms should be strictly differentiated, since pain localization with inflammation of the small intestine is pain in the middle part of the abdomen, and diseases of the large intestine respond with pain in the lower abdomen, on the right or left side.

Nausea and vomiting are other possible symptoms and signs of bowel disease. However, such manifestations are rare with inflammation of the small or large intestine. A gag reflex and nausea may indicate both the stomach and / or disorders of the central nervous system, organs of balance, liver disease, or urinary system.

Constipation, when the number of bowel movements is less than twice a week, is another symptom of bowel disease in women and men. If the causes of constipation are identified, then most often we are dealing with diseases of the large intestine. However, inflammation of the small and / or rectum, nervous disorders, endocrine disorders and other inflammatory reactions in the body can also make it difficult to defecate.

Gastrointestinal diagnostics

It is possible to diagnose the symptoms of intestinal diseases in women or men using various methods of laboratory and instrumental testing:

• Endoscopy of the small intestine, that is, observation of it from the inside using a special device - an endoscope.
• Gastroscopy, or esophagogastroduodenoscopy, allows you to view not only the esophagus and stomach, but also the initial section of the small intestine.
• Rectoscopy and colonoscopy, allows you to assess the condition of the colon.

Obviously, in addition to these diagnostic methods, abdominal ultrasound, computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging are useful.

Diseases of the small intestine

The human small intestine, located between the stomach and the large intestine, performs the main process of digestion - the absorption and movement of food. The food mass, processed by saliva and gastric juice, reacts with intestinal secretions, bile and pancreatic juice and then enters the small intestine. Due to the absorption and production of enzymes together with the pancreas and gallbladder, the food mass is split into separate components in the small intestine. The process of digestion and subsequent absorption is possible thanks to the intestinal villi, which make it easier for the body to assimilate food.

Like the large intestine, the small intestine is constantly in motion - a peristaltic wave travels along the intestine, forcing food to move, which is necessary for the proper functioning of the digestive tract. Any abnormality caused by inflammation in the small intestine disrupts the general functioning of the gastrointestinal tract.

Celiac disease

Colon ulcerative colitis

And also Crohn's disease refers to the so-called inflammatory bowel disease, with the difference that it only covers the large intestine. In the course of this disease, inflammation and damage to the mucous membrane occurs for unknown reasons. The main symptoms of ulcerative colitis are:

• diarrhea mixed with blood;
• weakness and weight loss;
• fever.

The disease has a long course with remissions and varying degrees of severity. Diagnostic evaluation is based on imaging, laboratory and endoscopic examinations. In the treatment of ulcerative colitis, anti-inflammatory drugs, immunosuppressants are used, as well as after complications or lack of improvement after conservative treatment, surgery.

Microscopic colitis

Another type of colon disease is microscopic colitis, which is characterized by a lack of visualization, and the diagnosis is made on the basis of microscopic data from laboratory examination of samples. Symptoms of microscopic colitis include profuse watery diarrhea, weight loss, pain, and bloating.

Colon diverticula

Meckel diverticulums are small bulges outside the wall of the ileum. The frequency of colon diverticulum formation increases with the age of a person, and usually every third inhabitant of the planet over 60 years old has a similar physiological deviation. As a rule, signs of a colon diverticulum are discovered by chance, during a routine examination. Colonic diverticulum symptoms are mild and include abdominal pain, diarrhea alternating with constipation, and bloating. Despite the seemingly harmless condition, an intestinal diverticulum can cause inflammation and abscess in the abdominal cavity, as well as cause bleeding from the lower gastrointestinal tract. Such complications require hospitalization and intensive care.

Intestinal oncology: symptoms and signs of the disease

A colon polyp is a bulge in the inner wall of the intestine that has different causes. The structure of polyps in the intestine can develop as a hemangioma, lipoma, or cancer. The most common cause of polyps in the colon is over-proliferation of mucosal cells.

There are several types of colon polyposis:

• non-cancerous: juvenile, inflammatory or so-called Pezza-Jagers polyps;
• adenomatous polyps, unfortunately, are prone to malignant circulation and develop into cancer.

The symptoms of chronic intestinal polyposis are characterized by rectal bleeding, frequent stools with mucus and blood impurities. Colonoscopy diagnostics can detect asymptomatic polyps in the intestine before they develop into a cancerous tumor.

Colon cancer

Colorectal cancer develops in 90% of adenomatous polyps and most often occurs in old and old age.

Cancer symptoms depend on its location. If cancer appears on the right side of the colon, then it causes not too annoying and often invisible symptoms - anemia and mild abdominal pain. The left location leads to oily bleeding and irregular bowel movements - constipation followed by diarrhea.

There are no typical symptoms of colorectal cancer, but the disorder that should alert a person is lack of stool and frequent bleeding from the lower gastrointestinal tract. In such cases, you should immediately seek medical attention.
The most important diagnostic test for detecting or excluding colon cancer is colonoscopy, which allows you to examine biological samples and, after examination, confirm the diagnosis of cancer.

Medical experts advise having a colonoscopy at least once every 10 years, starting at age 45-50. The main treatments are chemotherapy, radiation therapy, and surgery. The choice of medical intervention depends on the severity of the colon cancer.

Other diseases of the small and large intestine

Intestinal ischemia is an acute pathology that occurs due to a sharp inhibition of blood flow in the vessels that feed the intestines. Disease is the most common cause of thrombosis or embolism. With a sudden closure of the artery, symptoms of intestinal ischemia are manifested in severe abdominal pain and vomiting. The human condition can be fatal, therefore, after the diagnosis is made, immediate surgery is required. However, if the ischemic process proceeds slowly, the symptoms of the disease occur due to insufficient blood flow into the intestine and appear only when the flow is severely limited and prevents the collection of all digested substances. The most common signs of bowel ischemia are:

• weight loss;
• diarrhea;
• pain in the abdomen after a hearty meal.

Treatment of intestinal ischemia usually involves intravascular arterial clearance, that is, the rapid clearance of biological fluid in the intestine.

Crohn's disease

The disease refers to the so-called inflammatory processes in the gastrointestinal tract, which affects any part of the digestive tract. However, most often Crohn's disease spreads in the final part of the small intestine - the terminal segment of the ileum. In the course of this disease, systemic symptoms are characteristic:

• general weakness of the body;
• fever;
• loss of body weight;
• abdominal pain;
• diarrhea with blood;
• ulcers in the anal area;
• perianal abscess.

The latter symptoms most of all express diagnostic confirmation of Crohn's disease. Treatment of clinical pathology is long-term with periods of intensity and remission of symptoms, but, unfortunately, not always effective. In drug therapy, anti-inflammatory drugs, immunosuppressants, and so-called biological drugs are used, and in case of complications, surgical treatment is necessary.

Intestinal obstruction

The pathological syndrome is characterized by a partial or complete violation of the transport of intestinal contents through the digestive tract, and is a particularly dangerous condition for a person's life, requiring immediate medical attention, since there is a risk of developing peritonitis. A characteristic triad of symptomatic signs with intestinal obstruction: severe abdominal pain - nausea and vomiting - constipation.

There are many reasons for the obstruction, such as adhesions, pancreatitis, appendicitis, bowel swelling, hernia, and so on. Medical assistance for intestinal obstruction - surgery.

Intestinal hypersensitivity

Regardless of gender and age of a person, an allergic or non-allergic abnormal reaction of the body to certain foods is possible. Intestinal hypersensitivity to food products is determined when pain symptoms are reproduced after eating a certain food or any food ingredient.

The most common sensitizing foods are cow's milk proteins, eggs, fish, seafood and nuts.

It so happens that a so-called cross-reaction occurs in the intestine, that is, the appearance of unpleasant symptoms after a meal, which is different from the one after which hypersensitivity was detected. Clinicians distinguish between two forms of this disease:

• anaphylactic gastrointestinal reaction;
• eosinophilic gastroenteritis.

The first symptoms are nausea, vomiting, lower abdominal pain and diarrhea. Typically, the inflammatory reaction is accompanied by a skin rash and shortness of breath. With eosinophilic gastroenteritis, a lack of appetite and anemia are added to the characteristic signs. It is very difficult to diagnose intestinal hypersensitivity to food, since its symptoms can occur with other inflammation of the gastrointestinal tract, skin diseases and disorders of the respiratory system. Symptomatic signs of bowel disease are similar to asthma, allergic rhinitis, and other diseases of allergy sufferers. Therapeutic treatment primarily includes the elimination of allergens from the diet and the use of antiallergic drugs.

Food poisoning

Food intoxication caused by eating food containing pathogenic bacteria or their toxins is a very common pathology among gastrointestinal disorders. It is especially common when common human complaints are diarrhea, weakness, vomiting and nausea, spasmodic abdominal pain and fever.

It should be noted that the first symptoms of food poisoning may appear several hours or even days after eating.

When treating food intoxication, care should be taken to ensure proper hydration and delivery of electrolytes to the body. In addition, you should pay attention to the diet and, in case of poisoning, refuse to eat any food other than water for 2-3 days. In the future, easily digestible foods are recommended:

• boiled rice and other cereals;
• bananas;
• natural yogurt;
• boiled meat in small portions.

In addition, the use of fried foods and milk is strictly prohibited. Prevention of food poisoning is, first of all, hand hygiene and the use of food and water from trusted sources.

Prevention of intestinal diseases

Bowel diseases can be prevented by curative prophylaxis, which is known to everyone:

1. Observe the principle of a healthy diet, eating only high-quality foods with a sufficient content of mineral and vitamin components.
2. Lead a healthy lifestyle, giving preference to regular physical activity, outdoor activities, etc.
3. Avoid stressful situations.
4. Timely prevention of constipation.
5. Observe personal and sanitary hygiene.

Of no small importance in the prevention of intestinal disorders is a periodic examination of the gastrointestinal tract by a gastroenterologist. Take care of yourself and be always healthy!

Hello dear readers!

I didn't know for 3 days here what to do with my stomach - it hurts in the stomach area. I went to the doctor. And since my problem is very widespread, I will tell you about the symptoms of gastrointestinal diseases and the treatment of major diseases and their prevention. Follow me!

9 meters long path

What do people most often imagine when they talk about digestion? Stomach, intestines. Everything. In fact, the digestive system is more voluminous, it includes the mouth (and everything that is in it - teeth, tongue, salivary glands), pharynx, esophagus, stomach, intestines small and large - these are all the gastrointestinal tract, i.e. ... the path that our food goes from beginning to end. In an adult, the gastrointestinal tract is approximately 9m.

Plus the liver, gallbladder, pancreas. And all the organs of this system are interconnected. At the beginning of the upper parts of the digestive tract, the rest are immediately turned on. That is, at the moment we began to chew, the stomach begins to actively produce gastric juice, the liver prepares to produce bile, the pancreas - to produce hormones for the assimilation of food. Therefore, if there are disorders in the work of one organ of the digestive tract, the whole system suffers.

How can you find out diseases of the gastrointestinal tract? Let's take a look

First of all, you can understand that digestion is naughty just by looking at a person. All of these "show your tongue" hide a lot of meaning behind them.

So, we learn to identify by appearance:

• Leather. First, we evaluate the color:
• The yellow color of the skin and mucous membranes most often indicates diseases of the liver and gallbladder, when the release of bilirubin is disturbed.
• Dark, brownish skin may indicate intestinal problems.
• Pale skin occurs with anemia, when the absorption of iron and B12 and folic acid is impaired, this happens with tumors and ulcers of the stomach and intestines.
• An unhealthy green tint can tell about.
• What else do the features of the skin indicate? Dryness indicates a violation of fluid absorption, a lack of protein and vitamins (or a violation of their assimilation).
• , wrinkles indicate disturbances in the work of the intestines, pancreas (with pancreatitis), or that you are overloading your digestion with unhealthy, heavy food.
• Smell. If the absorption of calcium and phosphorus is impaired, there may be a sour odor. In general, any unpleasant smell can indicate a digestive disorder.

If there are many moles, age spots on the skin of adults, this is one of the signs of the formation of polyps of the stomach and intestines.

• Nails, hair. Dry, split ends also indicate a lack or impaired absorption of vitamins, protein, liquid, and nails with gastrointestinal problems may be too white, faded, with stripes, dents.
• Language. A dry surface of the tongue is one of the symptoms of dehydration. And it happens that the tongue looks moist outwardly, but the person feels dry. This may indicate a stomach disease.

What else do we pay attention to? Cracks signal constipation, intestinal cramps. Raid - here we look at the area. If it is at the root of the tongue, it is the intestines. If the middle is lined, an ulcer can be suspected. And if the plaque is on the tip, then most likely it is gastritis. Also, when plaque appears, they often talk about the gastrointestinal tract.

The very first signs

External manifestations can help the doctor make a diagnosis. But, of course, the generally accepted symptoms will still be decisive:

Tidying up digestion

You can guess what we are doing first. That's right, we go to the doctor!
If the first symptoms of problems with the digestive system appear, first of all we reduce the load. A gentle diet will help us with this. And there are a lot of them in diseases of the digestive system. Here's a quick summary:

Nutrition for gastrointestinal diseases

Table number 1: the menu includes everything pureed, mostly liquid or semi-liquid, non-greasy, not fried, lightly salted. The temperature of the food should be neither hot nor cold. Temporarily you need to refrain from fresh yeast baked goods, fresh sour fruits, berries and vegetables, tea, coffee.
According to diet number 1, they eat during the acute phase of the disease.

When the disease subsides, it is already possible to eat less rigorously. And here is appointed table number 2: Already allowed low-fat dairy products (cottage cheese, cheese), mashed boiled vegetables, fruits.

For chronic bowel diseases, a dietary table number 3... At the same time, food should be in small portions, fractional. Boiled or steam food, dairy products and fresh vegetables are allowed, you can brew weak tea and coffee.
If there is diarrhea, then it is suitable diet number 4... Again, nothing solid, fried, everything is boiled and mashed - cereals, meat, vegetables. Diarrhea is well treated with herbs: bird cherry, dogwood, chamomile.
Table number 5 It is prescribed for chronic diseases of the liver and gallbladder - cholelithiasis, hepatitis, cirrhosis. Here you don't have to grind food (except for hard vegetables and tough meat). From dairy products, only milk and cottage cheese are allowed. Raw vegetables and fruits are only non-acidic. Again, nothing fried, greasy, spicy, salty.
Table number 8- with fatty liver disease and in general. This is a low-calorie diet, with fractional meals, limiting fats, fast carbohydrates, salt and sometimes liquids (if there is a tendency to swelling).
Sometimes it is enough to establish food. This is if the disease has just begun, and there is no severe inflammation.

In most cases, it is prescribed, it improves blood circulation, tones the abdominal muscles, therefore, intestinal motility improves.
Diseases of the gastrointestinal tract can progress, and often many other diseases originate from them. And therefore, try not to get carried away with folk methods, without drugs prescribed by a doctor, it is often impossible to cope.

And by the way, it is the digestive organs that are the first to react to stress. The anger is said to be in the stomach. Therefore, many doctors advise to visit a psychotherapist for chronic diseases of the gastrointestinal tract, to be in the fresh air more often, to establish relationships with others. Sometimes even changing jobs is enough - and the problem goes away by itself.

Harmony is the key to health. Be calm and healthy!

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Diseases of the stomach are diagnosed in children and adults at any age; these pathologies are quite dangerous, since they can cause the development of disorders in other systems and organs. Timely diagnosis will help to identify the disease at an early stage, and the correct treatment, diet and folk remedies will quickly get rid of the discomfort.

Stomach diseases can appear at any age

Gastric disorders

The reason for the development of diseases of the digestive system in adults is most often improper diet, bad habits, stress, hereditary factor. All diseases have certain characteristic symptoms, which greatly simplifies the diagnosis, each of them is assigned a code in the international classification.

Gastritis

Gastritis is an inflammation of the gastric mucosa, this disease is the leader among the pathologies of the gastrointestinal tract, proceeds in an acute or chronic form. Distinguish between autoimmune and Helicobacter pylori type, inflammation can be accompanied by an increase or decrease in the acidity of the juice.

Acute gastritis is a one-time inflammation that can be triggered by drugs, junk food, chemicals, and bacteria. The chronic form is characterized by a long course, remission is replaced by an exacerbation. The ICD-10 disease code is K29.

Causes of gastritis:

• damage to the stomach by pathogenic microorganisms, the main pathogen -;
• poor nutrition, starvation, overeating;
• alcoholism;
• long-term use of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, glucocorticoids;
• duodenal reflux;
• autoimmune pathologies;
• hormonal imbalance, vitamin deficiency;
• helminthiasis, stress.

Helicobacter pylori bacterium - the causative agent of gastritis

With gastritis with high acidity, the patient complains of discomfort in the solar plexus area or near the navel, the discomfort decreases after eating. The main symptoms are heartburn, belching with a taste and smell of rotten eggs, diarrhea, a taste of metal, a person is sick in the morning.

Gastritis with low acidity is accompanied by deterioration of peristalsis, frequent constipation, bad breath, rapid satiety, heaviness in the abdomen, increased gas production.

A dangerous consequence of the chronic form of the disease is atrophic gastritis, the glands, which are responsible for the synthesis of gastric juice, gradually begin to collapse.

Peptic ulcer

An ulcer is a consequence of chronic gastritis, deep wounds form in the gastric mucosa, the disease is chronic. With an ulcer, destructive processes affect the deep layers of the mucous membrane, scars appear after they are healed. ICD-10 code - K25.

The reasons for the development of peptic ulcer are similar to gastritis, but sometimes the ulcer develops against the background of diabetes, tuberculosis, hepatitis and cirrhosis, lung cancer, syphilis.

The main signs are:

• pain in the upper abdomen - the symptom manifests itself in 75% of patients;
• constipation;
• heartburn, nausea, sometimes vomiting;
• lack of appetite, weight loss;
• bitter or sour belching, flatulence;
• plaque on the tongue, constantly sweaty palms;

The ulcer is often hereditary, the risk of developing the disease is high in men and women withIblood group.

Frequent plaque on the tongue may indicate a stomach ulcer.

Gastroparesis

The disease is characterized by a slowdown in motility - the muscles of the stomach weaken, food moves poorly along the gastrointestinal tract. The symptoms of the disease are in many ways similar to other gastric pathologies - nausea, vomiting after eating, pain and cramps in the abdomen, rapid satiety. ICD-10 code - K31.

Causes of the disease:

• diabetes;
• diseases of the nervous system;
• micronutrient deficiency;
• surgical interventions on the stomach, removal of the bladder in case of gallstone disease, during which the vagus nerve was affected;
• chemotherapy, radiation exposure.

Against the background of gastroparesis, there is a failure in metabolic processes, vitamin deficiency, and a sharp decrease in weight.

People with diabetes are more likely to suffer from gastroparesis

Gastroptosis

Descent of the stomach due to weakening of muscle tone, the pathology is often congenital. The acquired form develops due to a sharp weight loss, constant lifting of weights, childbirth, the disease has an initial, moderate and severe stage. ICD-10 code - 31.8.

Disease syndromes:

• a strong feeling of heaviness, especially after overeating;
• unstable appetite, cravings for spicy foods, dairy products can cause disgust;
• nausea for no apparent reason;
• , increased gas formation;
• constipation;
• acute pain in the lower abdomen, which increases with changes in body position;
• the stomach sags.

Against the background of gastroptosis, prolapse of the kidneys and liver often occurs.

Adenocarcinoma

Cancer of the stomach and esophagus - the most dangerous, often fatal diseases of the digestive system, malignant neoplasm forms from the epithelial tissue of the gastric mucosa. The disease is common among people aged 50–70 years, in men the pathology is diagnosed more often than in women. ICD-10 code - C16.

Causes of the disease:

• excessive consumption of salt, food additives of category E, smoked, pickled, canned, fried foods;
• alcohol, smoking, haphazard intake of Aspirin and hormonal drugs;
• deficiency of ascorbic acid, vitamin E;
• the destructive effect of Helicobacter pylori, streptococci, staphylococci, candida fungi, Epstein-Bar virus;
• chronic gastritis, peptic ulcer, polyps, surgery or gastric resection;
• hereditary factor - cancer develops more often in people who have inherited blood group II;
• lack of immunoglobulin Ig in the tissues of the epithelium of the stomach.

Chronic gastritis can develop into stomach cancer

The main danger of cancer is that the disease can proceed for a long time without any special symptoms. At the initial stage, there is a decrease in performance, a general deterioration in well-being, heaviness and discomfort in the abdomen. As the tumor grows, the abdomen increases in size, the weight decreases sharply, the person suffers from frequent constipation, severe thirst, the pain in the abdomen increases, radiates to the back.

Helicobacter pylori is transmitted through saliva, contaminated food and water, poorly disinfected medical instruments and dirty dishes, from mother to fetus.

Pneumatosis

The disease is characterized by increased gas production, excess gas leaves the body along with loud belching. Neurological pneumatosis develops in hysterics and neurasthenics, who often involuntarily swallow large portions of air. ICD-10 code - K31.

Reasons for organic pneumatosis:

• hernia, increased intra-abdominal pressure;
• respiratory diseases, which are accompanied by shortness of breath, drying out of the oral cavity;
• conversations while eating, snacks on the go, babies swallow a lot of air during feeding;
• some pathologies of the heart and blood vessels;
• smoking, chewing gum.

Smoking can cause pneumatosis of the stomach

Volvulus of the stomach

A rare and serious disease in which the stomach rotates around its anatomical axis. ICD-10 code - K56.6.

Causes of the disease:

• anatomical malformations, lengthening of the ligaments, a sharp decrease in weight;
• diaphragmatic hernia;
• lifting weights;
• abuse of rough food - the disease often develops in vegetarians;
• change in indicators of intra-abdominal pressure.

At the initial stage of the development of the disease, there is a sharp pain in the abdomen, which radiates to the area of ​​the left hypochondrium, bloating and a feeling of heaviness, sometimes there are problems with swallowing.

At the initial stage, for the volvulus of the stomach of character, severe pain in the left hypochondrium

With acute volvulus, the pain arises sharply, it can be given to the back, shoulders, the scapula is accompanied by severe nausea and vomiting, regurgitation occurs even after a sip of water. Against the background of gastric pathology, malfunctioning of the heart, severe intoxication, and possible death occur. Any form of the disease is characterized by the absence of stool, severe thirst, and a sharp rise in temperature.

Stomach pain is not always a sign of stomach ailments. In a child, such symptoms often appear with angina, colds, against the background of stress and nervous experiences.

Reflux stomach disease

One of the most common chronic pathologies of the digestive system, develops due to the regular penetration of the contents of the abdominal cavity into the esophagus and. The disease is accompanied by severe sore throat, sour belching, heartburn, discomfort in the area of ​​the solar plexus, diseases of the bronchi and trachea may occur. ICD-10 code - K21.

Causes of the disease:

• decreased muscle tone of the lower sphincter due to alcohol abuse, caffeine abuse, taking certain medications, smoking, hormonal imbalance during pregnancy;
• increased indicators of intra-abdominal pressure;
• diaphragmatic hernia;
• eating on the go;
• duodenal ulcer.

Excessive consumption of animal fats, mint tea, spicy and fried foods can provoke the development of reflux disease.

Duodenal ulcer can cause gastric reflux disease

Gastroenteritis

Intestinal flu, a rotavirus infection, develops when pathogenic microorganisms enter the digestive system; the disease is often diagnosed in children and elderly people. The infection is transmitted by airborne droplets, by household contact, but most often bacteria enter the body through dirty vegetables and hands. ICD-10 code - K52.

Symptoms:

• cough, runny nose, redness of the throat, pain when swallowing - these symptoms appear several hours before dyspepsia, quickly pass;
• diarrhea 5-10 times a day - gray-yellow feces have a pungent odor, there are no blotches of pus and blood;
• vomiting, increasing weakness;
• or ;
• temperature increase;
• dehydration.

Such symptoms may indicate both common poisoning and the development of cholera, salmonellosis, so it is necessary to call a doctor and get tested.

Gastroenteritis is characterized by frequent diarrhea

Diagnosis of stomach diseases

When signs of gastric diseases appear, it is necessary to visit, the doctor will conduct an external examination, listen to complaints, collect anamnesis, prescribe the necessary studies to clarify the diagnosis, identify the cause of the development of pathology.

Diagnostic methods:

• general and biochemical analysis of blood, urine, bile;
• - analysis of feces;
• gastropanel is a modern method of blood testing. Allows you to identify hypothetical risks of developing gastric pathologies;
• probing allows you to explore the secretory function of the stomach;
• Ultrasound of the abdominal cavity - used for biopsy, the method allows you to determine the location of the tumors;
• CT - the images show hematomas, abscesses, cysts;
• MRI - prescribed for suspected stomach cancer, gastritis, ulcers, the method allows you to determine the size and shape of the stomach, its position;
• - study of the stomach from the inside, allows you to identify tumors at the initial stage of development, the presence of bleeding;
• endoscopy - during the examination of the stomach and intestines, a sample is taken for a biopsy using a special camera;
• - use a contrast liquid, which allows you to see malformations, neoplasms, ulcers, narrowing of the lumen;
• parietography - a method of X-ray examination, in which gas is injected into the organ, which makes it possible to reveal the degree of growth of tumors in the tissue;
• - diagnostics of all parts of the intestine using an endoscope;
• - reveals pathologies of the digestive system.

It is almost impossible to avoid diseases of the stomach and liver in the modern world, so experts recommend that you undergo a preventive examination annually.

Probing helps to identify abnormalities in the work of the stomach

Methods for the treatment of gastric diseases

Based on the results of the study, the doctor prescribes medicines, gives recommendations on proper nutrition, there are special schemes and standards for the treatment of diseases of the digestive system. Alternative medicine, exercise therapy will help to enhance the effect of drugs.

Diet

Composing the correct diet, adherence to the daily regimen and nutrition is an obligatory component of therapy in the treatment of diseases of the stomach and pancreas. For treatment, use diet 1, 1a, 1b.

During treatment, all harmful and heavy foods that can provoke irritation of the gastric mucosa should be excluded from the menu. The diet should not contain vegetables and fruits with high acidity, spicy, salty, fried and fatty foods, canned food, semi-finished products. It is necessary to give up fast food, carbonated drinks, sweets, to minimize the consumption of tea and coffee, legumes, cabbage, mushrooms.

What can you eat for stomach diseases:

• the menu must include puree soups, milk soups and liquid cereals;
• seasonal vegetables and fruits with low acidity - carrots, zucchini, beets, pumpkin;
• lean meat and fish;
• white bread yesterday;
• vegetable oils;
• boiled eggs, steam omelet;
• fermented milk products of medium fat content.

In case of stomach problems, it is allowed to use not very fatty dairy products

All food should be boiled, baked, steam, you need to eat food in small portions at regular intervals, it should be at a comfortable temperature. It is necessary to observe the drinking regime - drink at least 2 liters of liquid per day, it can be ordinary or alkaline water, jelly, rosehip decoction, herbal teas.

Medicines

In the treatment of diseases of the stomach and duodenum, drugs are used that help eliminate pain, inflammation, nausea, and normalize stools.

The main groups of medicines:

• antispasmodics - No-shpa, Papaverine, tablets eliminate spasms, have a mild analgesic effect;
• bonding agents - Imodium, Loperamide,;
• antiemetics - Cerucal, Ondansetron;
• gastroprotectors - Rennie, Fosfalugel,;
• alginates - Gaviscon, Laminal, neutralize pepsin in the stomach, help to strengthen the immune system;
• carminative means - Espumisan,;
• antihistamines - Cetrin, Fexofenadine;
• antibiotics - Ceftriaxone, Amoxicillin;
• anthelmintic drugs - Vermox, Nemozol;
• enzymes to improve digestion - Creon, Festal;
• antienzymes - Gordox, Ingitril.

Creon improves the digestion process

Most drugs for the treatment of stomach diseases are well tolerated, sometimes there is a change in the color of the tongue, the color of urine and feces, dizziness, children may experience sleep problems, increased excitability. After the end of therapy, it is necessary to drink vitamin complexes, preparations for restoring the intestinal microflora - Linex, Bifiform.

Folk remedies

Alternative treatment of stomach and intestinal problems involves the use of herbs, some improvised means and products that help to quickly eliminate pain and inflammation, have an enveloping effect, and help to tighten erosions and ulcers.

What can be used in therapy:

• potato juice, oat broth, flaxseed - they normalize acidity, envelop the mucous membrane, relieve pain and inflammation;
• chaga - an effective remedy for the treatment of ulcers, accelerates the healing process, has an anti-inflammatory effect;
• St. John's wort, chamomile, plantain. aloe - plants have an astringent, healing effect, eliminate foci of inflammation;
• mumiyo - restores immunity, quickly relieves pain, spasms, has an antibacterial effect, accelerates regeneration processes;
• honey, propolis - beekeeping products have a pronounced antimicrobial, healing and anti-inflammatory effect;
• badger fat - envelops the walls of the stomach, prevents belching, bloating.

Non-traditional methods of treatment should be reasonably combined with drug therapy; using only traditional medicine, it is impossible to get rid of serious gastrointestinal pathologies.

Shilajit removes bacteria and strengthens the immune system

Possible complications

If you do not start the treatment of diseases of the gastrointestinal tract in a timely manner, then dangerous and sometimes fatal consequences cannot be avoided. In the initial stages, medications and diet will help to cope with the disease; with advanced forms, surgical intervention will be required.

Consequences of gastric diseases:

1. Peritonitis is the most frequent complication, which is accompanied by severe pain syndrome, a sharp rise in temperature, vomiting, and severe intoxication. Complete intestinal atony develops, arterial indicators decrease, a person may lose consciousness. Without timely medical care, the likelihood of death is high.
2. Internal bleeding - the consequences of an ulcer. Blood and feces contain blood impurities, symptoms of growing anemia appear - weakness, clammy cold sweat, dizziness, loss of consciousness.
3. Dysbacteriosis - a violation of the intestinal microflora, can cause dramatic weight loss.
4. Intestinal obstruction - develops in the presence of tumors, polyps, prolonged constipation, increased intestinal motility.
5. Stomach resection.

Self-diagnosis and uncontrolled intake of medications is the main reason for the development of complications of stomach diseases.

If stomach diseases are not treated in time, intestinal obstruction may occur.

Prevention of stomach diseases

Diseases of the digestive system require a long and expensive treatment, so simple preventive measures must be followed to prevent their development.

How to avoid gastrointestinal problems:

• eat properly and in a balanced way, do not abuse junk food and drinks;
• do not overeat, avoid fasting, strict diets;
• control weight;
• get rid of addictions;
• strengthen the body's defenses, regularly play sports, spend more time in the fresh air;
• do not get nervous, get enough sleep.

Exercise will strengthen the body

To avoid the development of gastric pathologies, it is necessary to drink all medicines strictly according to the instructions, observe the indicated dosages and rules of admission.

The list of gastrointestinal diseases is quite large, pathologies manifest themselves in the form of dyspeptic disorders, and can cause serious complications. Timely diagnostics will help to identify the cause of the disease, the correct therapy will quickly get rid of unpleasant symptoms.

The phrase "disorder of the gastrointestinal tract" refers to a variety of diseases, both directly affecting and related to the disruption of other body systems. Such diseases are among the most common today. In general, all of them can be divided into three large groups: functional, organic disorders and psychosomatic disorders. Let's take a closer look at each of the groups.

As the name suggests, this type of disorder disrupts the functioning of the organs of the gastrointestinal tract. Moreover, this violation is not accompanied by any organic changes in the structure of the organs themselves. So what functionality can be impaired?

Each of these functions, or several at once, can be disrupted due to various reasons, which leads to gastrointestinal upset. Failure of the organs is reflected in the sensations of a person, which makes it possible to highlight certain symptoms.

Symptoms of functional disorders:

1. Pain, discomfort, pressure, heaviness in the abdomen. Most often indicates or intestines.
2. Chest pain (sometimes it can indicate heart disease).
3. and / or belching (may indicate problems with the duodenum or stomach).
4. Bowel dysfunction (colic, bloating, diarrhea or constipation, gas).
5. Nausea and vomiting.
6. Decreased or complete lack of appetite.
7. Difficulty swallowing food, which may be accompanied by pain (signaling inflammation in the mouth or cancers).

As you can see, symptoms are very common and can indicate many different conditions.

Reasons for violations

The causes of functional disorders can be very diverse, ranging from the unfavorable influence of the external environment to other diseases in the body that provoked a complication on the gastrointestinal tract. The most common ones are:

1. Hereditary predisposition.
2. Diseases of the internal organs located near the digestive tract.
3. Lack of food intake and / or unbalanced nutrition.
4. Polluted ecology.
5. Great physical activity.
6. Bad habits (smoking, drinking alcohol).
7. Bacterial infections.

Most often, the reasons lie in the wrong diet. Often the consumption of dry, fatty, spicy and fried foods requires the release of more secretions than is necessary in the norm. Over time, the glands "get tired" and can no longer secrete the required amount of juices for processing less heavy food. This condition leads to irritation of the mucous membrane, gastritis may occur, and so on. In other cases, the motor function of the organs is impaired, the passage of food through the gastrointestinal tract slows or accelerates, which causes discomfort and pain in the patient.

Diagnostics

The exact definition of the localization of discomfort in the abdomen helps to bring the doctor closer to making an accurate diagnosis. Conventionally, the entire belly can be divided into 9 sections, which is illustrated in the picture below. At first glance, this seems very difficult, but let's figure it out. The division begins by drawing two horizontal lines that connect the upper ends of the thighs and the lower ends of the costal arches. Thus, the abdomen can be divided into three levels, from upper to lower: epigastrium, mesogastrium and hypogastrium. Further, each of these levels last for another 3 parts, which are highlighted by drawing two vertical lines that are drawn along the rectus abdominis muscles. Also, to constrain the scheme, a solid line is drawn from above along the edge arcs. The dotted line in the picture indicates the dome of the diaphragm.

Why is the division of the body into sections necessary? The fact is that in each of these sections certain organs are located and, having identified the sections, we significantly narrow the range of possible diseases. For example, in area number 7, the appendix is ​​most often located, and in 6 and 4 the kidneys.

These methods are used only for primary diagnosis. For confirmation, ultrasound, feces, blood and urine tests are used.

The most common diseases

Of course, we will not cover in this article all the variety of functional disorders of the gastrointestinal tract, and therefore we will briefly consider the most common:

1. Gastritis (violation of stomach acidity).
2. (inflammation of the pancreas).
3. Irritable Bowel Syndrome.
4. Chronic bronchitis, pharyngitis and laryngitis (refers to gastrointestinal disorders when caused by the ingestion of stomach contents into the bronchial tree.
5. Non-ulcer dyspepsia syndrome.

Treatment

Basically, the standard therapy regimen includes methods of traditional and traditional medicine, as well as diet. All patients are advised to give up bad habits (alcohol, smoking) during treatment, and also carefully follow the treatment.

In most cases, treatment is limited to taking medications (anti-inflammatory drugs, drugs to restore the intestinal microflora, drugs that normalize the acidity of the stomach. In extreme cases or at advanced stages, surgery may be required.

Organic disorders

Or, in medical terms, organic dyspepsia is a pathology associated with changes in the structure of organs (for example, a stomach ulcer, hepatitis). Organic disorders are not as common as functional ones, but they are much more serious for the body and more difficult to treat.

Causes and symptoms

In organic disorders, the causes are exactly the same as in functional ones, but most often they are based on various bacteria and infections. Therefore, the clinical picture can be supplemented by fever, fever, and in rare cases, cough and runny nose.

If you find the above symptoms in yourself, immediately consult a doctor. Delaying treatment can lead to worsening of the condition and complications.

Diseases

In most cases, with organic dyspepsia, they determine: gastritis, ulcers (stomach or duodenal ulcers), as well as various infectious diseases of the intestine: entercolitis, colitis, enteritis, appendicitis.

Treatment

Organic dyspepsia is diagnosed in the same way as functional dyspepsia. However, the therapy will already be different. In this case, more intensive and prolonged treatment is required. Patients must be prescribed antibiotics (often even two at once), as well as drugs that support the microflora in the intestine. With a pronounced pain syndrome, antispasmodics and pain relievers are used.

Important! These drugs are prescribed only after an accurate diagnosis! You can not drink pain relievers for abdominal pain without consulting a doctor, they can hide the symptoms of serious diseases.

If an infection has been diagnosed, which is accompanied by a high fever, then antipyretic drugs are prescribed.

In case of a severe course of the disease, the patient must necessarily comply with bed rest, n overload himself physically, for a while, give up work and study.

You need to drink plenty of fluids and monitor your diet.

It is best to go on a diet: eat only boiled, non-spicy and low-fat foods.

In no case should you eat hot or cold food, everything should be at room temperature. You should eat in small portions several times a day.

If you like tea, then it is better to replace it with herbal teas.

If serious complications develop, surgery may be required.

Psychosomatic disorders

In most cases, they mean all the same diseases of the gastrointestinal tract, however, caused by the mental state of a person. The theory of such an effect was developed by Hans Selye, who studied wounded soldiers and conducted experiments with rats. In the course of his research, he found that the level of stress and the duration of its impact on the body significantly affect life expectancy and health.

Today, such dependence is no secret for doctors, and especially gastroenterologists, because nervous tension most often affects the gastrointestinal tract.

Causes of the disease

As mentioned above, the main reason is nervous tension and stress. However, how do they affect digestion? The fact is that a person is a biological creature, in which many natural instincts are laid. When any changes occur in life that entail strong experiences, the body can behave in two ways:

1. Prepare to "defend", that is, to fight.
2. "Run away", that is, hide from problems.

The first strategy requires the activation of all body systems, obtaining additional energy. To get it, it is necessary to speed up the process of digesting food, by releasing more secretion and increasing organ motility. In the second case, the whole body, on the contrary, is inhibited, all processes slow down, respectively, less secretion is released, motor skills slow down.

Both situations negatively affect the state of organs: in the first case, they are depleted, and in the second, they allocate an insufficient amount of resources for digesting food and the body does not receive nutrients.

What diseases cause psychosomatic disorders

Most often, doctors diagnose the following diseases:

• irritable bowel syndrome;
• gastritis;
• an ulcer;
• inflammation of the duodenum;
• disruption of the biliary tract and so on.

Symptoms

Typical manifestations of diseases of the gastrointestinal tract are complemented by insomnia, loss of appetite, "emptiness" in the head, chaotic thoughts, difficulty concentrating, and other signs of high nervous tension. If the impact of a stressful situation is long-term, then other symptoms begin to appear:

• sweating of the limbs and armpits;
• Numbness of fingers and toes;
• headaches and heart pains;
• weakness and fatigue.

Often the patient himself may not notice that he is under stress.

Treatment methods

In this case, an integrated approach is required: drug treatment and psychotherapy. As additional means, you can use the methods of alternative therapy, namely decoctions based on herbs that have a calming and relaxing effect. Which medications will be prescribed depends on the disease. These can be drugs that lower or increase the acidity of the stomach, "enveloping" the mucous membranes, antispasmodics, analgesics, and in some cases even antibiotics. Immunostimulants and vitamins are used to restore the body's resources.

Psychotherapy is necessary for the normalization of the patient's condition, his psychological relaxation. The main goal is to relieve stress, "turn off" this mode in the psyche in order to restore the normal functioning of organs. For this, ordinary consultations, auto-training, various exercises can be used. Depending on the complexity of the situation, therapy is supplemented with calming agents of different strengths.

In some cases, drug stress relief can be replaced with folk remedies. A decoction based on valerian, mint, lemon balm, motherwort is perfect. It is very simple to brew them - you need to pour 200 ml of boiling water over a tablespoon of dry raw materials. Drinking decoctions is best at night, before bedtime.

As you can see, there are many disorders of the gastrointestinal tract, and in some cases, the same diseases can be triggered by various factors, and therefore require differentiated methods of therapy. In no case try to diagnose yourself or your loved ones on your own. The information in this article is for guidance only.

If you find certain symptoms in yourself, and were able to diagnose diseases, do not prescribe medication yourself! You may not consider side effects or contraindications, thereby harming yourself. Treatment should only be prescribed by a doctor!

Anton palaznikov

Gastroenterologist, therapist

Work experience over 7 years.

Professional skills: diagnostics and treatment of diseases of the gastrointestinal tract and biliary system.