Hydrangea inflorescence eye-catching almost everyone. Many of the housewives of personal plots simply dream of having such a plant. In fairness, it should be noted that this noble flowering bush costs a pretty decent amount.
Not everyone can afford to buy the required number of bushes. But you can go the other way. Start breeding on your own.
There are several ways to plant hydrangeas in your own area:
- shoots;
- layering;
- seeds;
- cuttings.
The choice of method depends on a large number factors. But many people prefer to propagate the plant by cuttings using indoor conditions for rooting.
Feasibility of grafting
As already noted, propagation by cuttings of hydrangea is a very popular method. The resulting plant bush, which when proper care grows from each cutting, completely repeats all the features of the mother plant. It is especially important to carry out cuttings of decorative rare varieties of hydrangea, since the new plant will completely preserve everything unique properties parent bush.
And also cuttings of hydrangeas have the highest percentage of germination. Even an inexperienced and inexperienced gardener will successfully cope with such a task, if all the rules of this agricultural technique are followed.
Terms of cuttings
Carrying out vegetative propagation allowed in three periods: spring, summer and autumn. In the spring, cuttings are carried out to start sap flow. In summer, cuttings are carried out in the period June-July, when the new shoots have gained maximum strength and are already well developed. For the procedure, you will need to take those that have not yet had time to woody and have not bloomed.
As already noted, it is better to cut the hydrangea in the middle of summer before the bush blooms. Cuttings are taken from young branches, which already have at least 1-3 buds, which have not yet become tree-like. Experienced gardeners advise to check the branch easily. If it does not break when bent, then it can be used to harvest cuttings. It is best to cut the cuttings from the top of the bush on the sunny side.
Cuttings harvesting technology
To get a high guarantee of plant rooting, you should adhere to the following simple rules and tips:
- For the cutting, the uppermost part of the shoot should be cut, which has from 2 to 3 leaves. The healthiest branches should be chosen for the breeding procedure. The cut is made at a 45 degree angle under the lowest pair of leaves.
- The bottom pair of leaves is cut completely and the rest are cut in half.
- When carrying out cuttings in early spring cut cuttings are placed in water for 3-5 days.
- It is best to cut the cuttings early in the morning to help retain the maximum amount of moisture.
Planting material processing
The next step is to prepare the cuttings for planting: make a special treatment that will make them more viable. This step is rather advisory in nature, and not mandatory, but carrying out treatment with special preparations will increase the viability, since some plant varieties are quite difficult to take root. In this case, it will be much easier to propagate the bush.
Experienced professionals recommend pre-prepared planting material soak in a weak solution of "Epin" or HB101. In the first case, 2 ml of the drug is taken for 2 liters of water, and in the second, 1-3 drops are dripped for 1 liter of water. In "Epin" cuttings are soaked for 10-12 hours, and when using HB101, the time is reduced to 30 minutes.
To stimulate the formation of roots, you can use "Kornevin" or "Ukorenit". Each stalk is dipped to the first internode and should be immediately transcended to planting.
Rooting cuttings
It should be understood right away that propagation by cuttings of hydrangea is a very long and laborious process.
It will take a lot of patience and attention to the planting material, it is especially important to observe the room regime during the rooting of cuttings.
Before you start processing the cuttings, you should start preparing the soil.
There are many recommendations for soil composition, but most prefer ordinary coarse river sand. The planting material is planted at a 45 degree angle. The plant sinks into the soil bottom by 2-3 cm. The cuttings should be planted in such a way that they do not touch each other, and the leaves that remain on the stem should not touch the sand. Finally, the planted material should be sprayed with water from a spray bottle.
It is recommended to arrange a small impromptu greenhouse for newly planted cuttings. You can cover young plants, as glass jar, and simple polyethylene. Before rooting, young hydrangeas are located in a darkened place. This will help keep young shoots from overheating and drying out. It is very important to observe the temperature regime:
- during the day, the temperature should be within +20 - +25 degrees;
- and at night - +15 - +18 degrees.
If all conditions are met, complete rooting will occur in about a month.
Care features
After the roots on each of the plants become about 2-3cm, you can engage in planting plants in separate containers. Do not take large-volume dishes. Pots with a height of 10 cm and the same diameter will work.
The soil should be as light and nutritious as possible. Such soils can be bought today in specialized stores, or you can make them yourself.
The best option is considered to be soil, which consists of garden soil and river sand. Components should be taken in a ratio of 2: 2: 1, respectively. After transplanting seedlings, they should be placed again in a darkened place and continue room care with regular watering. To disembark at open ground the plants will only be ready for next season.
Landing in open ground
Before the plant is planted in the garden, there is still to be arranged correct wintering in pots. Some put the pots in the ground, but so that the root system does not freeze. Another option is to gradually stop watering and then place the pots in your cellar or basement. Room temperatures are not suitable for storage.
Already in the spring, when the first signs of growth begin to appear, you need to start accurate watering, and you should already be planted in open ground. Can be distinguished small garden, on which to plant a plant, and grow it for another year before planting in a permanent place.
Before planting, the earth is carefully dug up. Put a tablespoon of mineral fertilizer in each hole. Each seedling is planted together with a clod of earth. In order to pull out the plant without losing land, it is better not to water it about 2-3 days... Some gardeners recommend cutting the seedlings 2/3 of the height immediately after planting, this will help in the formation of a beautiful bush.
Breeding features of hydrangea of different varieties
Hydrangea grows all over the world. It counts great amount varieties and varieties of this plant. But in our country, panicle and large-leaved hydrangea is most often found. A total of care, propagation by cuttings not much different from the described process for garden plant, but all the nuances are there and they should be dealt with.
Hydrangea paniculata
Propagation by cuttings of panicle hydrangea rarely ends with success in spring or autumn. The most suitable time for such a procedure is summer. This variety simply loves water, it grows well even in wetlands. The best soil option is clay and acidic soil. But if you plant such a hydrangea on alkaline soil, then as a result you can get a disease such as chlorosis on the leaves. In order to spend oxidation you can use peat, ammonium sulfate, ferrous sulfate or pine needles.
Cuttings should be carried out in the last decade of June. Large distinctive features there is no cuttings from garden hydrangea. In this case, you do not need to shorten the leaves. The soil used is similar.
The plant should be planted in a permanent place of germination near structures or special hedges. in a lighted place... This arrangement will protect the plant from the wind. Since panicle hydrangea perfectly tolerates gas pollution, the bush can be grown near the road. In colder northern regions it is recommended to warm the bushes for the winter, and leave the sprouted cuttings in indoor conditions until next year.
Large-leaved hydrangea
Such hydrangea can be grafted throughout the summer. Most of the cuttings can die during the winter, so they should initially be planted in a greenhouse or flowerpots. The large-leaved hydrangea is very delicate and rather capricious. It is best to carry out high-quality insulation for the winter.
As it became clear that hydrangea - a very attractive plant... But the propagation of hydrangea by cuttings in the summer is a rather troublesome and time-consuming process. Therefore, during grafting, you should be patient, because harvesting the cuttings and rooting them is very troublesome. But all the work and time spent will pay off when beautiful bushes bloom on the site and decorate the yard. Whether it will be possible to do this the first time or not depends on the person himself.
If interest in small shrubs increases, it is likely that attention will be drawn to a small one and a half meter plant. How the panicle hydrangea reproduces, what are the conditions for caring for it, what this plant loves and “does not welcome” - you need to know in all the subtleties in order to enjoy a healthy bush with large inflorescences over time.
What does this type of hydrangea look like and what is the difference?
A short Far Eastern plant is found in wildlife Kuril Islands, on Sakhalin, as well as in countries such as China and Japan. They are full of coppice oak forests and forest edges. Over time, becoming a cultivated shrub, hydrangea attracted the attention of gardeners and designers. This is one of the few shrubs that will be a real decoration in the garden.
Inflorescences (length up to 30 cm), decorating it on fresh, not last year's shoots, will become a real fairy tale. The flowers of the plant are variegated. Bisexual rather small, throwing off petals after pollination. Sterile flowers are easy to distinguish, sometimes their diameter reaches 3 cm, they stay on the bushes longer. And the color gradually changes from the original cream or greenish-white hue to a delicate pale pink and even greenish-red.
It is easy to distinguish the paniculate shrub variety from others. It grows fast and the planted leaves big size dotted with straight, spreading branches.
Among the common varieties, the following are distinguished:
- "Matilda";
- Brussels Lays;
- "Kyushu";
- "Grandiflora";
- "Unique".
Each of them differs in the size of the flowers, the ratio between fruiting and sterile flowers, the duration and form of flowering, the presence or absence of odor.
Hydrangea care requirements
it moisture-loving plant frost-resistant (withstands up to minus 25 degrees Celsius), grows quickly, loves fertile lands very much, high humidity not only air, but also soil.
Hydrangea paniculata with sufficient care and correct reproduction can be a durable shrub. The age of some plants of this species reaches 60 years.
Even marshy soils are suitable for hydrangeas. For the shrub to bloom and be strong, the ground must be moist within 1.5 meters around it. Acidic soil with big amount clay is the best way for a plant, and when the soil is alkalized, there is a threat of chlorosis on the leaves. Acidification of the earth is carried out the usual way — iron vitriol or ammonium sulfate, as well as using coniferous litter or ordinary peat.
No less important than soil fertility and good lighting for this bush, protection from drafts or winds. Therefore, the best option is to plant near buildings, fences, hedges. Considering that hydrangea is not afraid of polluted air, it has become a favorite plant in the private sector of the city, near roads and central avenues.
Fast recovery of shrubs after freezing, no danger before cold winter- makes this plant a favorite among gardeners. Even young shoots damaged due to cold weather are able to recover in the warm season.
Hydrangea is pruned in early spring, like many of its other species. Or they do it in winter. Too late, in a warm period of time, when spring is already in full swing, it can no longer be cut off. This can make the plant weak and not resistant to disease. The absence of beautiful inflorescences on the bush is far from the only negative consequence that is possible after unprofessional care.
In order for the shoots to be strong, panicle hydrangea requires watering with a weak solution of potassium permanganate. Only half a gram is taken for 12 liters of water.
Given the plant's love for fertility, panicle hydrangea needs constant feeding.
Are fed monthly organic fertilizers, but not earlier than 14 days after feeding with minerals. Flowering is pampered with liquid mineral fertilizers once every 2 weeks. In August, the addition of top dressing is stopped.
Known breeding methods
In order to decorate your territory or garden completely, you need to know all the secrets of these shrubs. Hydrangeas reproduce not only by division, but also with the help of offspring, layering and cuttings, as well as seeds. It is positive that pre-sowing preparation is not required for them. Sow directly into the moist soil of boxes, which are usually used for seedlings. Cover with glass or PE film on top for about 3 weeks. Seedlings are grown for a long time. You can plant them in a place in the garden only when they are 2 years old and they will be more than 30 cm high.
Propagation by cuttings:
Hydrangea cuttings are another type of reproduction that is carried out in the middle of summer. In July, when buds are formed, green cuttings should be cut from the lateral shoots of a young plant and planted, having previously treated with a solution to form roots. In order to properly cuttings, you should choose only those shoots that have formed in the lower part of a well-lit crown, because their buds are much larger than those of their counterparts. The whole process should be done with wet cuttings, preventing drying out. Therefore, this type of breeding is carried out in the early morning.
Natural filling of fabrics with moisture is the first key to success.
Reproduction by cuttings will be "excellent" if the cutting is fast, and the cut shoots will "await their fate", settling in pre-prepared water.
First, remove the top on which the bud is located. Then divide what is left of the shoot on the basis that for each cutting there should be 2-3 pairs of leaves. The cuttings are immersed in a solution to stimulate root growth, but the leaves should not come into contact with the liquid. If you need a root former, but there is no time to purchase it, the best folk method turns out to be a honey solution of 1 teaspoon of honey and 1 glass pure water... The thickening at the ends of the cutting will go faster and strong roots will emerge from there. In order for the panicle hydrangea to go through the entire reproduction process by cuttings "excellently", you should prepare a peat mixture, where there will be 2 peat parts, and 1 sand parts.
Given the plant's love for moisture, it is necessary to pre-moisten the soil for planting. In order for the cuttings to take root better, they should be covered with jars. If there is no rain and the weather is good, then watering is carried out directly on the banks every 3 days, if it is dry and hot, then every day. Uncovered cuttings are additionally sprayed twice a day. The cuttings will take on roots, be able to cover with new leaves, and become stronger in about a month. Then the need for banks will no longer exist, but protection will have to be used.
Several layers of material for the shelter will provide insulation against early frosts that occur in the fall. Warming for the winter should be a real protection. It is carried out as follows: covered with foliage, covered with any material on top of pre-installed frames. Considering that winters can be cold, with heavy snowfalls, this whole structure can be laid on top with spruce branches. The seedlings are transplanted to their permanent location when they reach minimum height at least 30-35 cm.
Reproduction by layering:
Cultivation of hydrangeas by layering occurs according to a different scheme. The soil around the plant should be dug up, leveled, then grooved along the radius. Their depth is about 2 cm, so that no more than one shoots from the lower part of the plant can be laid in a weeded groove. To counterbalance the straightening branches, slingshots and earth are used, which are sprinkled. Usually the roots appear in front of the first well-developed bud when counted from the bottom. You can put a banner there, for example, from a soft wire.
Layers by the end of summer will give young shoots, which should be constantly, every 1–1.5 weeks, spud. They begin when the height of the shoots exceeds 15 cm, and continue until the height of the mound itself reaches 20-25 cm. As practice shows, it is not difficult to propagate this plant with seedlings from cuttings. It is only necessary in October to separate the shoots that have reached half a meter in height among themselves and add seedlings for the winter in order to plant them in the garden in the spring. For the next year, they can be allocated a permanent place.
Reproduction by offspring:
The panicle hydrangea bush reproduces well and by offspring. All types of breeding require knowledge and care, but this one especially. Having removed the top layer of soil, the shoots should be separated so as not to damage root system... The offspring should be planted in the garden and left there for growing, which will take 12-24 months.
As you can see, panicle hydrangea has different breeding methods. The main thing is that the gardener wants to increase the number of bushes of his favorite plant in the garden or make it another type of small income. Despite some difficulties in the care and growing of new bushes, this plant is becoming more and more popular, especially in middle lane Europe.
Propagation of hydrangea by cuttings
Of all the propagation methods for hydrangeas, cuttings are the most popular method among gardeners. It is not always possible to buy a seedling or seeds that fully meet the desires - the wrong color, the wrong variety, or even a pig in a poke, since the seller has only one desire - to sell. Propagation of hydrangeas by cuttings in the summer is the most reliable option get exactly the plant that you so want to have in your garden, because all its decorative qualities are visible to the naked eye.
Moreover, this is the easiest way of reproduction, unlike the others - division, layering, seeds, grafting. The bushes are not divided every year, and the procedure is carried out at a certain time of the year, depending on the species or variety. Getting a new plant with the help of layering is a rather lengthy process, not all branches of the mother bush are suitable for it, and their number is not unlimited.
Growing hydrangeas from seeds is generally only possible for professionals engaged in plant breeding. Getting the desired variety by grafting is also troublesome, which also requires special knowledge. There is also a way to propagate hydrangeas by layering. How the process takes place, see the photo.
Reproduction of garden hydrangea by green cuttings in summer
Important! Hydrangea bushes under one year old are not used for cutting cuttings.
The best cuttings are cut into summer time when buds begin to form on the mother bush. For cutting cuttings, young green shoots are selected that have retained flexibility, growing on the side most illuminated by the sun and located in the lower part of the main bush. Also suitable for grafting and side shoots first year.
Important! The best results are obtained when the upper parts of the shoot are taken as cuttings, but not too thin. Thinner cuttings are more likely to rot.
When preparing cuttings important point is the preservation in them of a sufficient amount of moisture so as not to cause irreversible changes in them. That's why experienced gardeners advise a time-tested algorithm of actions:
- shoots intended for cuttings are cut in an early sunny morning or in cloudy weather and immediately divided into cuttings;
- the tops of the branches with buds are removed;
- the remainder of the shoot is divided into parts with two or three pairs of leaves on each;
- the lower leaves are to be removed, the remaining ones are cut in half or in one third;
- cuttings are placed in a solution stimulating root formation for two hours - a standard solution, or one prepared independently from honey (a teaspoon in a glass of water);
- before planting, the upper cut of the cutting is disinfected with green paint, charcoal or garden pitch.
To plant cuttings in the garden, you need to prepare a light soil consisting of peat or leaf humus and washed sand (2: 1). Cuttings are planted obliquely into the prepared moistened substrate, they are buried two to three centimeters. Optimal distance between the cuttings 5-7 cm. Then the substrate is covered with a 2-cm layer of sand.
Important! When planting cuttings, make sure that the remaining leaves do not touch the ground.
Often, instead of a composite substrate for rooting cuttings, only large river sand... Cuttings are sprayed with water at room temperature and covered with jars, or plastic cups, or cut plastic bottles- a mini-greenhouse is created for each.
Further care behind cuttings consists of daily airing and regular watering. Watering every day is required only in very hot weather, and so it will be enough to do this every three days. If necessary, remove weeds and cuttings that have not taken root.
The first leaves on cuttings - a sign of good rooting - appear within three to four, sometimes a little more, weeks. Young hydrangeas can be freed from the greenhouse shelter.
Planting rooted cuttings is carried out together with a lump of earth in a previously prepared soil; it is advisable to add a small amount of mineral fertilizers to each hole.
Important! Summer cuttings of hydrangea give very little growth in their first year. Green leaves only confirm the good rooting and health of the plant.
Young hydrangea bushes do not tolerate the first two winters, because they have not yet acquired the required degree frost resistance. Therefore, with the approach of cold weather, they are sheltered.
The most reliable winter coat for young hydrangeas is multilayer construction... First, they are covered with dry fallen leaves, then a low mesh frame is installed. Further, everything is covered with a film, on top of which spruce branches are laid.
Such a "coat" of a young hydrangea will be required for two winters. Usually, by the end of the third season, it is gaining frost resistance, main feature which is the beginning of flowering. But these are approximate dates, mostly depending on the region of cultivation and on the variety.
In areas with severe winters, it is preferable to plant cuttings in containers or flowerpots, which are kept in cool rooms during the winter cold. In this case, you need to monitor the moisture content of the soil. With the arrival of warm days, containers need to be “walked” outside every day in order to gradually adapt to life in the open field.
Propagation by cuttings of panicle hydrangea
Due to its excellent frost resistance, it is very widespread in Russia. Since she does not like transplants at all, her breeding summer cuttings- the most suitable way.
Cuttings of panicle hydrangea are usually cut at the end of June. Unlike the garden one, the leaves on them do not need to be shortened, and the soil for rooting consists only of sand, which must be constantly wet. As winter approaches, peat is added to the sand. Cuttings usually take root by the end of the 3rd week. Covering seedlings for the winter is necessary only in regions with cold winters.
In all other respects, the rooting and further cultivation of panicle hydrangea from cuttings does not differ from the rules for garden hydrangea.
Important! If buds appear on panicle hydrangea in the first year after planting cuttings, they should be removed to allow the plant to develop a strong root system.
Propagation of hydrangea by cuttings in water
Quite often, at the first stage of root formation, gardeners keep cuttings in water. The water must be soft, that is, contain minimal amount calcium salts. You can add a few drops of rooting composition to it. Cuttings must be at least 10 cm long and have 2-3 internodes.
Important! All leaves are removed from the cuttings to speed up the root formation process.
The container in which the cuttings are rooted should be transparent, since at this stage light is a good stimulator of the formation and growth of roots. In most cases, in 2-3 weeks, the roots of the cuttings grow up to 3 centimeters after which they can already be planted in the ground. Further care of the seedlings follows the usual scheme. 
The method is quite simple, however, it has its drawbacks. If the cuttings stay in water for a long time, their rotting may begin, so you need to regularly - every other day - change the water, preventing the appearance of the musty smell, and watch the cuttings so as not to lose them. As protection against decay, you can dip an activated carbon tablet into the water.
Propagation of hydrangea tree cuttings in autumn
Cuttings can be rooted not only in spring or summer, but also in autumn time... However, the entire process of rooting and growing seedlings will need to be done at home. It will happen as follows:
- Shortly before the shelter of the hydrangeas, cuttings from strong, developed shoots are cut for the winter. Each cutting should have two leaf nodes. The upper and lower sections should be oblique and should be at least one centimeter from the kidney. The upper leaves are cut in half, at the lower ones, only the petioles need to be left.
- For disinfection, cuttings are kept in a foundationol solution - 10 g for an hour. preparation for 10 liters. water. Before planting, the upper cut is lubricated with brilliant green, the lower one with a root growth stimulator.
- The cultivation containers are filled with loose fertile soil, holes are made into which you need to add a drug that prevents the formation of rot. The stalk is inserted into the hole, compacted a little and covered with soil.
- The pot with the handle must be packed in a plastic bag to create a greenhouse with a humid microclimate. It is placed in a bright place; on short winter days, you will need to take care of additional lighting.
- After a day, the cuttings need to be ventilated and moistened with them, if necessary. The airing time gradually increases with the rooting of the cuttings and the growth of young leaves.
Important! Sick or pest-infested plants are completely unsuitable for cutting cuttings.
Cutting hydrangea before winter
Large-leaved hydrangea also propagates well by cuttings, but, unlike many other varieties and species, it is better to cut it in winter.
In October, the mother plant is dug up, transplanted into a pot with soil consisting of humus, turf, peat and sand 2: 4: 1: 1. The pot with the plant is removed to the basement.
In January, the pot is taken to a bright room, where the temperature is maintained at about +10 degrees, and after a couple of weeks young shoots appear.
Cuttings are cut in February. They should have two internodes, the upper cut is straight, the lower cut oblique, both at a distance of at least 1 centimeter from the kidney.
The lower leaves are removed, the upper ones are trimmed by a third or half. The upper sections of the cuttings are treated with brilliant green, the lower ones are immersed in a growth stimulator solution for several minutes.
Cuttings are planted in pots with nutritious soil mixture, they are buried to the top leaves, the soil is sprinkled with clean sand.
Important! It is preferable to cut cuttings of the same length and thickness. In this case, they will take root at the same speed.
When the weather is warm, the pots with rooted cuttings need to be gradually tempered: they are taken out into the open air in the first weeks only in cloudy weather, gradually increasing the time they spend outside and accustoming them to sunlight.
Cuttings of large-leaved hydrangea are completely ready for transplanting into open ground, when their leaves stop curling under the influence of air and sun.
In the literature, the main theme of which is the cultivation and reproduction of hydrangeas, one can often find rather contradictory reviews about cuttings - it is difficult, ineffective, etc. However, not only experienced gardeners, but also beginner hydrangea lovers, achieve excellent results without any particular difficulties.
The timing of cuttings is often controversial. Only in spring, only in autumn, only in summer - every gardener has his own opinion. However, the generalized experience of gardeners suggests that in summer it gives the best results for hydrangeas of almost all types, with the exception, perhaps, of indoor ones.
Hydrangea at home can be propagated different ways- each florist chooses the most suitable option for himself. To have an idea of these methods, this article will take a closer look at each of them. We will also find out what is the best way, at what time to propagate the hydrangea, how to care for the plant after planting and other important issues.
So, hydrangea can be propagated in the following ways:
- seeds;
- green cuttings;
- dividing the bush;
- offspring;
- layering.
Each of these methods has as its own indisputable advantages and disadvantages. Next, we will consider each of the options in detail.
Time for breeding
Different breeding methods also imply the choice of different time periods:
- the division of the bush is carried out in the spring before the buds swell;
- mid-July is suitable for cuttings, less often - spring, late autumn;
- planting of seeds is carried out in standard early spring time;
- hydrangea can be propagated by layering in spring and autumn;
- offspring - better in the fall.
It is better to propagate panicle hydrangea in the second half of summer, since in spring it is very difficult to find healthy cuttings in this plant. For autumn breeding this variety is also not suitable
Seed method
This option is the longest: from the moment of sowing the seeds to the first flowering of the hydrangea, it takes about three years. It is worth noting that the seed method is suitable for hydrangeas. natural species, hybrid varieties do not reproduce by this method. The fact is that it is better to propagate hybrids at home vegetatively - this way they better retain their decorative effect and specific characteristics.
Hydrangea seeds do not need seedbed preparation- they are immediately sown in boxes with damp soil. It is not necessary to deepen the seeds into the ground, they are laid out on the surface of the ground, after which the box is covered with a transparent film. Remember to lift the film / glass every day so that the seeds can "breathe".
The first shoots can be observed twenty days after sowing. After that, the seedlings are grown for two years, and in the third year they are planted in the garden. By the time of planting, the hydrangea seedlings reach a length of 30-40 cm.
Cuttings
The most popular propagation method for hydrangeas is versatile and suitable for all types of flowers. The best time for propagation by cuttings is the middle of summer, when buds appear on the donor plant.
A cuttings suitable for our purpose (green) is the middle part of a shoot that has grown in the past or current year, which has several leaves and buds. Cuttings are usually taken from young specimens - they take root better.
Cuttings are recommended to be cut from the side shoots located at the bottom of the bush. It is only important that the stalk grows in the sun, and not in the shade, otherwise the planting material will not be too strong. A high-quality future seedling should be in good health and not have any damage, the buds on it should be large and developed.
It is recommended to cut shoots in the early morning in order to preserve maximum moisture in future seedlings. Immediately put into water, after which they start cutting cuttings from the shoots for subsequent rooting. The green top, which has a bud, is removed from each shoot - this part is not suitable for planting.
Part of the shoot without a top is divided into two or more parts(depends on the length of the shoot, the number of buds on it). It is important that each division has at least one bud and a couple of leaves. The leaves are removed from the bottom of each cut, after which the planting material is placed in a solution of a root growth stimulator:
- Kornevin;
- Zircon;
- Heteroauxin.
A solution is prepared according to the instructions, after which the cuttings are kept in it for about two hours in a dark place. It is important to ensure that only the stem gets into the solution, and not the leaves.
Attention: you can use as a root stimulant and HB101 preparation, however, planting material should be kept in it for only half an hour.
After treatment with a root stimulant, it is time for the rooting of cuttings. They are planted in a pre-prepared soil mixture consisting of torus (2 parts) and sand (1 part). The soil mixture must be moist. To create the most favorable conditions, the cuttings are covered with glass or plastic transparent jars on top - this measure allows you to create a warm, humid microclimate.
Water the seedlings regularly, and more often in hot weather. If the planting material is not covered with cans, it is also necessary to additionally spray the cuttings to ensure a normal level of moisture.
After about 25-30 days, the cuttings take root - a signal for this is the formation of new young leaves. After rooting, the banks are removed. If the plants take root directly in the open field, it is recommended to cover them temporarily. soft material to protect against return frost. If rooting takes place indoors, this measure can be neglected.
First-year seedlings must be sheltered before wintering. To do this, use fallen leaves, frame mesh structures, agrofibre, spruce spruce branches.
Features of spring cuttings
In this case, cuttings are obtained during the traditional spring pruning hydrangeas. The shoot should be cut from a lignified branch, but it itself should be young, flexible. After cutting, the shoots are immediately placed in water for five days. The water should be changed daily. After five days, you can start grafting shoots for further propagation.
Try to cut the cuttings from the bottom at a 45-degree angle - this will increase the chances of successful rooting of the young plant. It is also recommended to soak the cuttings in a root stimulant solution.
For spring rooting, it is best to plant the cuttings in wet sand. The container is filled with sand about half, after which the cuttings are planted in it.
The lower part of the cutting should be deepened by about 3 cm. After planting, the seedlings are sprayed with water, covered with a transparent film on top. Do not forget to ventilate the planting material every day and periodically moisten the sand.
In order for the seedlings to take root faster, make sure that the temperature in the room is suitable - from +15 to +25 degrees, not lower and not higher. When the cuttings are rooted, they are placed in separate containers. This container should be about 10 cm in diameter.
Young seedlings should be kept in a shaded place so that aggressive sunlight does not damage them. The grown cuttings are planted in the ground when stable warm weather sets in.
Features of winter cuttings
Propagation of hydrangea by cuttings can also be carried out in late autumn - a good option, which gives quite predictable results. Further step by step technology winter option procedures.
- The mother plant is dug out of the ground in the second half of October. It is important that there is still time before the first frosts.
- The hydrangea is transplanted into a pot of soil and placed in a dark, cool, but dry basement. If the soil in the pot begins to dry out, it must be watered.
- In the middle of winter (in January), the plant should be moved to a room with a temperature of +10 degrees. And soon it will be possible to observe bud opening, the formation of young shoots.
- By the end of February, the shoots become long enough for rooting, and they already have 3-4 pairs of leaves.
- Cuttings are cut from the shoots, excluding the top. The cuttings are then incubated for 2 hours in a root stimulant solution and planted in containers with nutrient soil (or wet, coarse sand). From above it is desirable to form a mini-greenhouse from the film.
- After a month, the mini-greenhouse is removed (gradually, in layers), after which the rooted seedlings grow on the windowsill until stable warm weather begins. In mid-May, if the weather permits, you can already plant them on the garden bed, choosing a shaded place, protected from direct sunlight.
Cutting panicle hydrangea
Cuttings are cut at the traditional time - in mid-July. It is not recommended to propagate this type of plant by cuttings at other times - attempts are rarely successful.
Future seedlings are cut off from the lower shoots that do not have buds. It is advisable to cut off a stalk with a "heel" - a piece of bark from the mother's shoot. The cut site must be treated with a stimulant (Kornevin is optimal), and then the cutting should be planted in a container with light, loose, nutritious soil. If the weather is very warm, you can plant it right in the garden.
Bloom panicle hydrangea can be observed already in the current year - unlike other varieties. However, flowering should not be allowed - it is necessary to immediately pick off the buds: this will ensure more lush and longer flowering in subsequent years.
Features of cuttings of tree hydrangea
This variety can reproduce well by cuttings and in the fall. To do this, before the onset of frost, the apical shoots with several leaves are cut off.
The cuttings are washed with Fundazole solution to avoid infection, and then planted in containers with permeable loose soil. Water the seedlings for the first time better solution Phytosporin to prevent rotting of the bottom of the seedlings in the ground.
From above, the seedlings are covered with a mini-greenhouse made of film (you can wrap them loosely with ordinary plastic bags) and placed on the windowsill. Rooting takes place at room temperature and subject to daily airing of the seedlings. After a month, the plant takes root.
If the weather is cloudy in winter, it is necessary to provide additional artificial lighting so that the plants feel and thrive. Cuttings tree hydrangea are grown until spring and when warm weather sets in, they are planted in a garden bed.
Dividing the bush
This method is rarely used, usually when transplanting a hydrangea bush. Used by this way breeding for all types of hydrangea, except paniculate. Optimal choice time - early spring.
Before the procedure, the bush must be well watered, and then carefully dug out, trying not to damage the roots. After digging, the rhizomes are washed from the old soil, the damaged and dried parts are removed.
The bush is divided into several parts - it is important that each part has its own rhizome, otherwise it will not work to grow a hydrangea. Each cut is planted in a separate place in the garden, after cutting the roots and shoots beforehand.
Offspring
In this case, the hydrangea reproduces by young shoots. The method is not bad, however, it requires concentration of attention, accuracy and caution.
Step by step process
- Next to the hydrangea bush, the topsoil is removed so that the roots in this area are exposed. In this case, it is important not to touch the roots.
- The coppice shoot is separated along with a part of the root. It is better to separate several of these shoots at once in order to increase the chances of success of the operation.
- Shoots are planted immediately on the garden bed, as they are sufficiently adapted to the outdoor microclimate.
- In the garden, shoots are grown for 1-2 years, after which they are planted in permanent places.
Layers
This method is in second place in popularity after cuttings. Propagate hydrangea using this method best of all in early spring, before the buds have yet blossomed. But sometimes the procedure is carried out in September.
First, they dig up the soil around the mother bush, then level it. Next to the bush, grooves are made in the ground with a depth of 2 cm, into which the lower shoots are laid. So that the shoots do not rise, they are sprinkled with a little earth and fixed with spears and other devices.
By the end of the current warm season, the cuttings give several young shoots suitable for further rooting. When the shoots reach a length of 15-20 cm, they are earthed, repeating the procedure every seven to ten days. This is done until the mound reaches 20-25 cm in height. In October, the layers need to be dug, the shoots must be separated from each other. By this period, each shoot reaches about half a meter in length.
For the winter, shoots are buried, protected with covering material. And next spring they are planted in the ground for growing. After a couple of years (sometimes a year), young hydrangeas will be ready for transplanting to a permanent bed.
How to care
There are few features of caring for young hydrangeas after the breeding procedure. In general, the care is standard, however, for the winter, young plants require careful shelter, protection from the cold. This measure should not be neglected, since a still weak plant in our climate can freeze over quite easily.
In the spring, be sure to remove the covering material as soon as the sun begins to warm up. If you leave the shelter, the hydrangea will become waterlogged under it, root rot and other negative processes are possible.
Growing seedlings in a place with partial shade, in the open, sunny is not recommended.
Be sure to water young plants, as with sufficient soil moisture they take root and grow stronger much faster.
If the hydrangea is grown at home, then before planting in the ground, it must be hardened for a couple of weeks on the balcony, veranda, on the street.
If you do not have your own hydrangea and you need to buy seedlings, make a purchase in the fall. During this period, the largest assortment of high-quality, strong cuttings.
Propagating by cuttings garden hydrangea, special attention should be paid to the treatment of the lower part with a root stimulator. This type of plant takes root worse than others, therefore, without this measure, the chances of success of the operation are greatly reduced.
If you did not have time to purchase a root stimulant, and the cutting needs to be rooted, you can prepare the solution yourself. The recipe is simple: a teaspoon of natural honey is dissolved in a glass of water. After that, the shoot is soaked in a standard way. Honey has disinfecting properties and helps the early formation of callus - a growth from which roots subsequently develop.
So, we got acquainted with five methods of hydrangea propagation. Each of the options considered is quite working and is used: choose the one that seems to you the simplest and most accessible. But as mentioned above, most gardeners prefer cuttings - most likely, this option will suit you.
Hydrangea is beautiful bush with lush foliage and multi-colored caps-inflorescences. Many amateur flower growers, having seen this blooming beauty at least once, will no longer want to part with her. In order not to buy planting material, the plant can be propagated independently.
One way is propagation by cuttings. Its advantage is the complete preservation of all decorative features species, as well as the ability to quickly grow a blooming young specimen. To propagate a hydrangea in this way, you will have to spend a little time and effort, as well as take into account some features and nuances. In this article, you will learn how to cut a hydrangea.
When can I cut a hydrangea
Cuttings for propagation are carried out in spring, summer or autumn. In the first case, cutting is carried out before the start of sap flow at the plant - in March.
Lignified branches are taken, they can remain after the formative spring pruning. It is recommended to bring them into the house and leave them in a warm place for several days.
Propagation of hydrangea by cuttings in summer is best done in June-July. when young shoots have developed well and gained strength.
For the propagation of hydrangeas, you should choose green cuttings or those in which only woody Bottom part... Cuttings, which have the rudiments of buds, take root well.
You can see the rest of the breeding methods for indoor and garden hydrangeas.
Pruning cuttings and treating them with a stimulant
An important point for successful breeding cuttings is the preservation of moisture in the shoots. That's why best time for slicing - early morning. It is necessary to cut off the very top of the shoot, which has 2-4 pairs of leaves. The strongest, healthiest branches should be selected without any defects. The cut is made at a 45˚ angle directly below the lower knot.
The bottom two sheets should be completely removed. The rest of the leaf plates are cut in half.
If the plant propagates in early spring, then the cut branches are kept in a warm place in water for 3-5 days. Then they should be cut into several parts, while each of them should have 3-5 buds.
Not every prepared cutting of hydrangea takes root well and grows, therefore it is recommended to treat cuttings with stimulants, which contribute to the rooting and rapid growth of young specimens.
Prepared cuttings are soaked for 10-12 hours in Epin's solution in a proportion of 2 ml per 2 liters of water. Another option is HB101 solution, at the rate of 1-2 drops per 1 liter of water. In this case, the soaking time is reduced to 30 minutes.
Finally, the lower part of the cutting, including the first internode, is dipped in Kornevin or Ukorenit powder to stimulate root formation. Then the cutting is planted in the ground.
How to root a hydrangea with cuttings
It is important to take into account that propagating hydrangea by cuttings (it does not matter, in spring or summer) is not a quick matter that requires patience. Before starting the treatment of cuttings with root stimulants, the soil should be prepared for planting. Exists different variants composition. The most common ones are:
Before planting, the substrate is treated with steam for disinfection.
Cuttings should be planted in the ground at an angle of 45˚, buried by about 2-3 cm. They should not touch each other, and their leaves should not touch the sand.
Another way to root cuttings is in water. The water is settled in advance for 2-3 days to remove calcium salts from it. When the length of the roots reaches 2-3 cm, the cuttings are planted in the ground. The water in the glass should be changed every other day to avoid rotting of the cuttings.
Caring for planted cuttings
For this, the container with the planted cuttings is covered with transparent plastic bag or a glass jar and put in a shaded place. This will protect the cuttings from overheating and drying out.
The greenhouse needs aeration every day. Watering should be done as needed - about 1-2 times every 10 days. If it's summer outside, containers with cuttings can be taken out to Fresh air into the garden.
The main condition for the temperature environment during the day it was in the range of 20-25˚, and at night - 15-18˚. When creating such favorable conditions the roots of the cuttings should appear within a month.
Planting in a pot
When the cuttings take root and they have 1-2 new young leaves, the shelter is removed.
After a week or two, each of the cuttings can be transplanted into individual pots. They should be shallow, about 10 cm in diameter and height.
The soil for young plants needs nutritious and light... You can buy a ready-made substrate in the store or prepare the mixture yourself. To do this, you should take peat, river sand and garden soil in a ratio of 2: 1: 2.
It is possible to plant hydrangea in open ground only next spring.
Landing in the garden
For the winter, young specimens of hydrangea can be dug into the ground directly in pots so that their root system does not freeze. In this case, they should be carefully covered, for example, with fallen leaves. Another option is to place containers with cuttings in a basement with a temperature of 1-5˚, only after the leaves have fallen off. Watering stops completely.
In the spring, when the first signs of growth appear, watering is gradually restored.
When the threat of frost passes, young plants are planted in open ground either to a permanent place or to a “school” bed for another 1 year.
Before planting, the earth is well dug... Add 1 tablespoon of universal mineral dressing to each well. Hydrangea is planted with a clod of earth.
In order not to damage the root system, watering is not done for several days before transplanting. Thanks to this, hydrangea is much easier to get out of the pot along with the soil. To get a lush bush, after transplanting, it is recommended to cut the seedling by 2/3 of its height.
Features of the reproduction of hydrangea by species
The main feature when grafting large-leaved hydrangea, is its low cold resistance compared to other species. The basic principles of its reproduction are the same as described above.
However, it reproduces exclusively by non-lignified cuttings of the current year. The optimal time for this is from June to September. Only apical cuttings should be selected. For the winter, not only young specimens of this species take shelter, but also adults, in order to avoid freezing.
Cuttings panicle hydrangea carried out only in summer, when the shoots contain a lot of moisture, and the leaves do not evaporate much. This is roughly mid to late June.
How to cut a panicle hydrangea - cuttings are recommended to be taken from the bottom of the bush. In this case, they are not cut off, but broken off together with the "heel". The lower leaves are removed and the rest are not shortened. Then the cuttings are planted either in pots or in open ground. Otherwise, the breeding technology does not differ from the standard one.
If buds appear on the bush in the first year of life, it is better to remove them. This will help strengthen the root system. For the winter, young specimens take refuge only in the first few years of life.
Feature when grafting tree hydrangea, is the possibility of rooting its cuttings not only in spring and summer, but also in autumn. In this case, the process of rooting and growing young specimens is carried out at home in pots.
The basics of caring for hydrangea in the garden
When you know how to propagate hydrangea by cuttings, it is important to follow the rules for caring for the plant correctly.
Hydrangea is a light-loving plant. Therefore, the most suitable for her will be sunny place, but at the same time protected from cold winds and drafts.
Also, the plant loves moisture. Water it abundantly and regularly, especially on hot summer days. The soil must not be allowed to dry out.
In addition, hydrangea is demanding on the composition of the soil. It will grow well in nutritious acidic or slightly acidic soils that are good for water and air permeability.
Sand from which they are quickly washed out nutrients, or soil with lime impurities is completely unsuitable for it.
For good growth and abundant flowering hydrangeas need regular. Beginning with early spring and until the end of July, she needs mineral fertilizers twice a month and in organic - once a month.
For the winter, hydrangea bushes are covered with spruce branches or fallen leaves, since they are not very cold-resistant and can freeze slightly. Pruning is done in the spring to stimulate flowering and form a lush bush. The tops of the shoots are trimmed so that 3-4 flower buds remain on each of them.
Knowing how to grow a hydrangea from a cutting, you can grow a gorgeous lush bush that will delight you for a long time with multi-colored large caps-inflorescences!
About caring for room hydrangea can be read.