Heat en for the needs of the hot water supply. What is hot water heating energy

In order to answer the question “What is thermal energy? " you need to figure out how hot water differs from cold water, what affects the water temperature? She is different different amounts the heat contained in it. This warmth, or otherwise thermal energy, cannot be seen or touched, you can only feel. Any water with a temperature above 0 ° C contains some amount of heat. The higher the temperature of the water (steam or condensate), the more heat it contains. Heat is measured in Calories, in Joules, in MW / h (Megawatt per hour), not in degrees ° С. Since the tariffs are approved in rubles per Gigacaloria, we will take Gcal as the unit of measurement. Thus, hot water consists of water itself and the heat energy or heat (Gcal) contained in it. The water is, as it were, saturated with gigacalories. The more Gcal in water, the hotter it is. In heating systems, the coolant (hot water) enters the heating system at one temperature and exits at another. That is, I came with one amount of warmth and left with another. The coolant gives off some of the heat to environment through heating radiators. Someone has to pay for this part, which did not return to the system, and which is measured in Gcal. With hot water supply, we consume all the water and, accordingly, all 100% of the Gcal in it, we do not return anything back to the system.

What is a coolant?

All hot water that runs through pipes to the heating system or to the hot water supply system, as well as steam and condensate (the same hot water), this is the heat carrier. The word coolant consists of two words - warm and carries. When calculating, heat supply companies divide the coolant into Gcal and network water. The tariff for network water takes into account only the water itself, and does not take into account Gcal in it. Tariff for hot water takes into account both water and Gcal in it. The coolant, depending on the purpose (for heating or for hot water supply), has different requirements for temperature and sanitary standards... The coolant for hot water supply has a minimum admissible temperature, which must be provided by the heat supply organization, as well as increased quality requirements. For hot water supply purposes, it is taken drinking water, heats up and discharges into the network. The temperature of the heating medium for heating purposes depends on the outside temperature (i.e. the weather). The colder it is outside, the more heating occurs. Conclusions: 1. When paying for heat, you will need to pay both for Gcal and for network water. When paying for hot water supply also, if a separate tariff for hot water is not set. 2. Heat carrier - carries heat, hot water, it is also network water + Gcal in it. 3. Mains water - water without Gcal. 4. In life, under the coolant and network water can be understood the same thing. For those who wish to understand this issue in more detail, we suggest that you familiarize yourself with the Rules for accounting for thermal energy and coolant.

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Is it legal to pay for water heating according to a receipt in 2018

When paying for utilities, many people are surprised to see the phrase "water heating" in the receipt. In fact, this innovation was adopted back in 2013. According to Government Decree No. 406, in the presence of a centralized water supply system, payment must be made at a two-component tariff.

Thus, the tariff was divided into two components: use cold water and heat energy. Now the calculation is made separately for two resources: water for hot water supply and heat energy. That is why a column appeared in the receipts, indicating the amount of thermal energy spent on heating cold water. However, many believe that heating fees are being charged illegally, and write complaints about housing and communal services. To make sure that this type of charge is legitimate, you should learn more about this service.

The reason for this innovation was the additional use of energy. Risers and heated towel rails connected to the hot water supply system consume thermal energy, but this consumption was not previously taken into account in the calculation of utility bills. Since the heating fee can only be charged during the heating season, heating the air through the use of a heated towel rail was not paid as a public service. The government found a way out of this situation by dividing the tariff into two components.

Equipment

If the water heater fails, the hot water bill will not increase. In this case, authorized employees of the management organization are obliged to repair the equipment urgently. But since the repair requires payment, the tenants still have to pay this amount. Despite the fact that the heating bill will remain the same, the payment for the repair and maintenance of the property will be increased. This is because water heaters are part of the property of homeowners.

As for non-standard situations, when, for example, some apartments in multi-storey building has access to hot water, and the second only to cold water, issues regarding payment for heating are resolved on an individual basis. As practice shows, often tenants are required to pay for common property that they do not use.

See also: Can the light be turned off for non-payment of utilities

Thermal energy component

If with the calculation of payment for cold water everything is quite simple (carried out on the basis of the established tariff), then not everyone understands what is included in the cost of such a service as heating.

The amount to pay for a service such as water heating is calculated taking into account the following components:

the established tariff for heat energy;
costs required to maintain a centralized hot water supply system (from central heating points, where water is heated);
the cost of heat loss in pipelines;
costs required for the transportation of hot water.

The calculation of utility bills for hot water supply is based on the volume of water used, which is measured in m3.

As a rule, the amount of required heat energy is determined on the basis of the general house values, which are shown by the hot water meters and the consumed heat energy. The amount of energy used in each room is calculated by multiplying the amount of water used (determined by the meter) by the specific consumption of heat energy. The amount of energy is multiplied by the tariff. The resulting value is the amount required to pay for what is written in the receipt as "water heating".

How to calculate yourself in 2017-2018

Heating water is one of the most expensive utilities. This is due to the fact that when heating, it is necessary to use special equipment operating from the mains. To make sure that the correct amount for payment is indicated on the receipt, you can make the calculations yourself and compare the received value with the amount indicated on the receipt. To do this, you need to find out the amount of payment for heat energy established by the regional tariff commission. Further calculations depend on the presence or absence of metering devices:

If you have a meter installed in your apartment, then you can calculate the consumption of thermal energy, focusing on its indicator.
If there is no meter, calculations should be made based on the established standard indicators (established by the energy saving organization).

If there is a general meter for the consumption of heat energy in a residential building and individual meters installed in apartments, the amount for heating is calculated based on the readings common appliance accounting and further proportional distribution for each apartment. If there is no such device, the amount required to pay for heating is calculated based on the standard of energy consumption for heating 1 m3 of water in the reporting month and the readings of an individual water meter.

Where to file a complaint

If the legitimacy of the additional line "water heating" in the receipts is questionable, so as not to overpay for heating, it is recommended to first contact the Criminal Code with a request to explain what this point means. The appearance of a new line in the receipt is legal only on the basis of the decision of the owner of the MKD premises. In the absence of such a decision, you should write a complaint to the GZI. After filing a claim with the Criminal Code, you must be provided with an answer with explanations within thirty days. In case of refusal to substantiate why such a service is prescribed in the receipt, a complaint should be filed with the prosecutor's office with a claim to the court. In this case, if you have already paid the amount specified in the receipt, Article 395 of the Civil Code of the Russian Federation will serve as the basis for the claim. If a refund is not required, but you still have to pay for services that you are not provided with, file a claim to exclude the water heating line. In this case, it is worth referring to Article 16 of the Law "On Protection of Consumer Rights".

See also: Is it necessary to check water meters in Moscow

If there is a need to appeal against the actions of housing and communal services on issues related to violation of the rights of consumers of communal services, you should contact Rospotrebnadzor. If you have any questions about the tariffs set for housing and communal services, you need to contact Federal Service according to tariffs.

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Gcal, coolant, hot and network water

Let be Management Company Our Home will explain what we pay for and how the concepts listed above differ from each other. It is difficult for us ordinary people to maneuver in technical terms.

Question from the site nashdomkch.ru

Sergey Kirilyuk, head of the energy department of the Nash Dom UZhK answers:

In the bills for heat and hot water, which are presented by heat supply companies, the following tariffs may be indicated: - per Gcal, (RUB / Gcal); - for mains water (rub / t) or for heat carrier (rub / cubic meter);

For hot water or hot water supply (rub / cubic meter)

Not all consumers understand why they have large sum for heat energy (rubles / Gcal), for hot water (rubles / cubic meter), and right there - a relatively small amount for network water (rubles / t). What is this additional fee? I will not give a dictionary definition of thermal energy, I will try to explain it “on the fingers”.

Think about the difference between hot water and cold water, what affects the water temperature? It differs in a different amount of heat contained in it. This warmth (or, in other words, thermal energy) cannot be seen or touched, you can only feel it. Any water with a temperature above 0 ° C contains some amount of heat. The higher the temperature of the water (steam or condensate), the more heat it contains.

Heat is measured in calories, in joules, in MW / h (megawatt per hour), not in degrees ° C. Since the tariffs are approved in rubles per gigacalorie, we will take Gcal as the unit of measurement. Thus, hot water consists of water itself and the heat energy or heat (Gcal) contained in it. The water is, as it were, saturated with gigacalories. The more Gcal in water, the hotter it is.

In heating systems, the coolant (hot water) comes in at one temperature and exits at another. Water gives off some of the heat to the environment through heating radiators. For this part, which did not return to the system, and which is measured in Gcal, someone has to pay.

With hot water supply, we consume all the water and, accordingly, all 100% of Gcal in it, we do not return anything back to the system.

What is a coolant? All hot water that runs through pipes to the heating system or to the hot water supply system, as well as steam and condensate (the same hot water). The word coolant consists of two words - warm and carries. When calculating, heat supply companies break the coolant into Gcal and network water, which misleads some consumers.

If earlier UZHK "Our House" charged for hot water at tariffs for hot water supply in rubles / cubic meter, now we break the coolant for hot water supply. In our invoices for payment for hot water, we do not have a tariff of rubles / cubic meter. We expose for hot water supply as well as for heat, separately for network water and separately for Gcal.

The tariff for network water takes into account only the water itself, and does not take into account Gcal in it. The hot water tariff takes into account both water and Gcal in it.

The coolant, depending on the purpose (for heating or for hot water supply), has different temperature and sanitary requirements. For hot water supply, there is a minimum allowable temperature that the heat supply organization must provide, as well as increased quality requirements.

In Kachkanar, there is a 2-pipe open heat supply system, from which the hot water supply system is powered in each separately standing house- this was determined by the project during the construction of the city. V summer period there is no circulation of the heating system, hot water is supplied through one of the pipes of the heating system (from the CHP plant to each consumer).

The temperature of the heating medium for heating depends on the outside temperature (weather). The colder it is outside, the more we warm.

Conclusions: - when paying for heat, you will need to pay for Gcal. When paying for hot water - both for Gcal and for network water (heat carrier); - heat carrier - carries heat, hot water, it is also network water + Gcal in it; - network water - water without Gcal;

In life, a coolant and network water can mean the same thing.

Tags: housing and communal services

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Payment for heat energy as part of hot water supply

Resolution of the Government of the Russian Federation dated February 14, 2015 No. 129, in order to regulate the procedure for applying two-component tariffs for hot water, amendments were made to the RF Resolution No. 354 dated May 06, 2011 and No. 306 of the RF Government dated May 23, 2006. According to the amendments, when establishing two-component tariffs for hot water supply (hereinafter - DHW) “the amount of payment for the utility service for hot water supply is calculated based on the sum of the cost of the component for cold water intended for heating in order to provide the utility service for hot water supply, and the cost of the component for heat energy used to heat cold water for the purpose of provision of utility services for hot water supply "(paragraph 6 of clause 38 of Rules 354), while the authorized body of the constituent entity of the Russian Federation" establishes a standard for the consumption of heat energy used to heat cold water for the provision of utility services for hot water supply "(clause 32 (1) of Rules 306 ). And if the procedure for calculating the cost of hot water supply between the consumer and the contractor of the utility service (hereinafter - IKU) was decided (although to this day there is huge number cases of its violation), then when calculating between the IKU and resource supplying organization(hereinafter - RNO) disputes have arisen and continue to arise, especially in cases of equipping houses with general house metering devices that determine both the volume of hot water consumption and the amount of heat energy in the composition of consumed hot water.

Heat in hot water supply: volume of consumption and cost to be paid

If we consider the consumption of hot water in the premises of apartment buildings, then it is easy to establish cases in which, with the same volume of consumption of hot water, the consumption of heat in the composition of this water will be different. Such cases include the consumption of "cooled" hot water in the absence of circulation in the house by those tenants who wake up earlier in the morning or later go to bed in the evening. Obviously, water will be hotter with a long-term one-time consumption compared to many short-term switching-ons, even if the total volume of short-term switching-ons will be equal to the volume of long-term one-time consumption. During the inter-heating period, there is a significant difference in the temperature of hot water in houses of the same type (for which the same consumption standards are set), depending on the length of the hot water supply network from these houses to the RNO (the remoteness of the MKD from the boiler room) - residents of houses connected to the "end" segments of heating networks, usually enjoy less hot water than houses connected to the "transit" pipelines of the same networks.

Probably, in order to create a kind of averaged unified calculation system, the Government of the Russian Federation decided to approve the standards for the consumption of heat energy for heating hot water supply and gave the right to establish such standards to the constituent entities of the Russian Federation authorized to approve the standards for the consumption of utilities. This eliminated the possibility of determining the different cost of hot water (in rubles per cubic meter), for example, for residents different apartments one and the same apartment building... It should be noted that the different cost of hot water (in rubles per cubic meter) for residents of one house in different months is also excluded - after all, the calculation of the cost of a cubic meter of hot water consumed by a consumer should be based on the cost of a component for cold water, the tariff for which approved by the constituent entity of the Russian Federation, and the cost of the component for thermal energy, the tariff for which and the volume for each unit of water (heat standard for heating hot water supply) is also approved by the constituent entity of the Russian Federation. Thus, the cost of one cubic meter of hot water does not depend in any way on the actual heat consumption for heating this water (measured or calculated in any way), but is calculated based only on those parameters that are approved by the state authorities of the constituent entity of the Russian Federation.

If we talk about the amount of heat consumed for the purpose of hot water supply by the entire apartment building (hereinafter referred to as MKD), then, of course, such an amount can be determined by such a general house metering device (hereinafter referred to as OPU), which measures not only the consumption of hot water for the needs of hot water supply, but and the heat content of this water. The position of the overwhelming part of the RNO, which is that the heat supplied to the MKD is to be paid in full, is reasonable and logical. It is no less logical to determine the amount of heat energy in the composition of the hot water supply consumed by all MKD, according to the control unit, which allows this amount to be measured. At the same time, in the opinion of the indicated RNO, there is no need to apply the standard for the consumption of thermal energy used for heating cold water for the provision of communal services for hot water supply, approved by the state authorities of the constituent entity of the Russian Federation. In the absence of a function for measuring the amount of heat in a common household hot water meter (and even more so in the absence of a control room at all), the same RNO consider the use of the heat standard for heating hot water supply already necessary.

The position, of course, is not devoid of logic, however, the current legislation of the Russian Federation does not give the right to choose whether to use the heat standard for DHW heating in the calculations or not to use it. The norms on the use in the calculations of precisely the rate of heat energy used for heating cold water for the provision of public services for hot water supply are imperative, subject to unconditional execution. At the same time, the legislation of the Russian Federation simply does not contain any norms on the possibility of using the OPU readings in the calculations, which determine the amount of heat energy in the composition of the hot water supply. Thus, although it is logical, the use of such indications of the GPC in the calculations, is not based on the law, and therefore is illegal. At the same time, the use in the calculations of the heat standard for heating DHW is not a right provided for individual cases (for example, the absence of an OPU, or the absence of an OPU function for measuring the heat content in DHW), but an obligation for any cases, without exception.

From the above, it follows that when calculating the cost of hot water supply (both between the consumer and the service provider for hot water supply, and between the IKU and the RNO), not the actually consumed amount of heat energy for heating water is used to provide utility services for hot water supply, but the standard for heat consumption for heating hot water supply ...

What has the court found?

These circumstances were studied by the Arbitration Court of the Moscow Region, and then - on appeal - by the 10th Arbitration Court of Appeal, when considering the case on the claim of OOO Orekhovo-Zuevskaya Teploset against the HOA Avtoproezd (case No. А41-18008 / 16) for the recovery arrears on payment for heat energy. As third parties, the Main Directorate of the Moscow Region “State Housing Inspectorate of the Moscow Region”, the Ministry of Construction and Housing and Utilities of the Russian Federation, and the Ministry of Construction and Housing and Utilities of the Moscow Region were involved in the case.

In the Decision of 12.12.2016 on case No. A41-18008 / 16, the AC of the Moscow Region indicated:

“Having directly, fully and objectively examined the evidence presented by the parties in support of the stated claims and objections, the court came to the following.

As established by the court, on September 26, 2012, the plaintiff and the defendant entered into a Heat Supply Agreement No. 240, according to which the plaintiff is an energy supplying organization, and the defendant is a subscriber.

In accordance with clause 1 of article 539 of the Civil Code Russian Federation(hereinafter referred to as the Civil Code of the Russian Federation) under an energy supply agreement, the energy supplying organization undertakes to supply the subscriber (consumer) through the connected network with energy, and the subscriber undertakes to pay for the received energy ...

On the basis of Article 544 of the Civil Code of the Russian Federation, payment for energy is made for the amount of energy actually received by the subscriber in accordance with the energy metering data, unless otherwise provided by law, other legal acts or agreement of the parties. The procedure for payments for energy is determined by law, other legal acts or by agreement of the parties.

In accordance with the provisions of article 157 Housing Code Of the Russian Federation (hereinafter referred to as the RF LC) the amount of payment for utilities is calculated based on the volume of consumed utilities, determined by the readings of metering devices, and in their absence, based on the standards for the consumption of utilities approved by the state authorities of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation in the manner established by the Government Of the Russian Federation, according to the tariffs established by the state authorities of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation in the manner prescribed by federal law.

Part 5 of Article 9 Federal law dated July 27, 2010 No. 190-FZ "On heat supply" it was established that tariffs for hot water in open heat supply systems (hot water supply) are set in the form of two-component tariffs using a component for a heat carrier and a component for thermal energy.

According to part 9 of article 32 of the Federal Law of December 7, 2011 No. No. 416-FZ "On water supply and wastewater disposal" tariffs in the field of hot water supply can be set in the form of two-component tariffs using a component for cold water and a component for thermal energy in the manner determined by the basis of pricing in the field of water supply and wastewater disposal, approved by the Government of the Russian Federation.

Clause 88 of the Pricing Fundamentals in the field of water supply and sanitation, approved by the Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation No. 406 dated May 13, 2013, provides that the tariff regulation authorities establish a two-component tariff for hot water in a closed hot water supply system, consisting of a component for cold water and a component for thermal energy.

Thus, the executive authorities of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation in the field of price (tariff) regulation make decisions on the establishment of two-component tariffs for hot water in accordance with the norms of the current legislation.

In order to regulate the procedure for applying two-component tariffs for hot water, by the Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation No. 129 dated February 14, 2015 (entered into force on February 28, 2015), amendments were made to the Rules for the provision of utilities to owners and users of premises in apartment buildings and residential buildings approved by the decree of the Government of the Russian Federation dated May 6, 2011. No. 354 (hereinafter referred to as Rules No. 354), and the Rules for the Establishment and Determination of Norms for the Consumption of Utilities, approved by the Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation dated May 23, 2006 No. 306 (hereinafter referred to as Rules No. 306).

Clause 38 of Regulation No. 354 stipulates that in the case of establishing two-component hot water tariffs, the amount of the payment for the utility service for hot water supply is calculated based on the sum of the cost of the component for cold water intended for heating in order to provide the utility service for hot water supply, and the cost of the component for thermal energy used to heat cold water in order to provide utility services for hot water supply.

In accordance with paragraph 42 of Regulation No. 354, in the case of establishing two-component tariffs for hot water, the amount of payment for utility services for hot water supply provided to the consumer for settlement period in a residential area equipped with an individual or general (apartment) metering device, is determined in accordance with formula 23 of Appendix No. 2 to Regulation No. 354 based on the readings of hot water meters and the rate of heat energy used for heating water, and in the absence of such a device metering - based on the rate of consumption of hot water and the rate of consumption of thermal energy used for heating water.

At the same time, Regulation No. 354 does not provide for the use of heat energy as a communal service, which corresponds to the provisions of Part 4 of Article 154 of the RF LC.

Taking into account the above, Regulation No. 354 provides for the distribution of heat energy used for heating cold water in order to provide utility services for hot water supply, within the framework of the standard for heat energy consumption for heating water in order to provide utility services for hot water supply.

In this regard, the relevant amendments made to Regulation No. 306 provide that the standard for the consumption of utility services for hot water supply is determined by establishing a standard for the consumption of hot water in a residential building and a standard for the consumption of thermal energy for heating water for hot water supply.

So, according to paragraph 7 of Regulation No. 306, when choosing a unit of measurement for consumption standards for hot water supply (hot water), the following indicators are used:

in living quarters - cubic meters meter of cold water for 1 person and Gcal for heating 1 cu. meters of cold water or cubic meters. meter of hot water for 1 person;

for general house needs - cube. meter of cold water and Gcal for heating 1 cu. meters of cold water per 1 sq. meter total area premises that are part of the common property in an apartment building, or cube. meter of hot water per 1 sq. meter of the total area of the premises that are part of the common property in an apartment building.

This principle ensures a fair distribution of heat energy for heating a cubic meter of water between all consumers, depending on the volume of hot water consumption. In this regard, the procedure for determining the amount of payment for utility services for hot water supply, established by the Rules No. 354, fully complies with the requirements of the RF Housing Code and is established taking into account the exclusion of the occurrence of an unfair financial burden on citizens.

Thus, regardless of the presence of a collective (common house) metering device for heat energy in the hot water supply system of an apartment building, regardless of the heat supply system (hot water supply) (open or closed), and also regardless of the season (heating or non-heating), the amount of heat the energy used for heating water is determined according to the norms for the consumption of thermal energy for heating water for hot water supply established in the manner prescribed by law.

Accordingly, if there are standards for the consumption of thermal energy for heating hot water, the readings of metering devices that measure thermal energy used for hot water supply are not taken into account either in settlements with consumers or in settlements with resource supplying organizations.

There is no other procedure for determining the amount of payment for utility services for hot water supply in the case under consideration by Regulation No. 354.

Civil rights and obligations of a managing organization or an association of homeowners or a housing cooperative or other specialized consumer cooperative (hereinafter referred to as a partnership, a cooperative) to make payments for the resources necessary for the provision of utilities arise from resource supply contracts concluded in the manner stipulated by the Rules mandatory upon conclusion by the management organization or the homeowners' association, or housing cooperative or another specialized consumer cooperative of contracts with resource supplying organizations approved by the Resolution of the Government of the Russian Federation dated February 14, 2012 No. 124 (hereinafter, respectively - Resolution No. 124, Rules No. 124).

According to subparagraphs "d", "f" of paragraph 17 of Rules No. 124, the procedure for determining the volumes of the supplied utility resource, the procedure for paying for utility resources are essential terms of the resource supply agreement.

At the same time, in connection with the requirements of Rules No. 124, when concluding a resource supply agreement, the Requirements for making payments for resources necessary for the provision of utilities, approved by the Government of the Russian Federation dated March 28, 2012 No. 253 (hereinafter referred to as the Requirements), shall also be applied.

Clause 4 of the Requirements establishes that the funds received by the contractor from consumers as payment for utilities are to be transferred in favor of resource-supplying organizations.

At the same time, clause 5 of the Requirements provides that the amount of payment of the utility contractor due to the transfer in favor of the resource supplying organization supplying a specific type of resource is determined depending on the payment by the consumer of the corresponding utility service in full size specified in payment document, or in case of partial payment, which fully corresponds to the above norms of Regulation No. 124.

Based on the above, the amount of payment of the utility contractor in favor of the resource supplying organization is to be determined taking into account the amount Money received from consumers of communal services, as well as taking into account the volume of communal resources in the event that a resource supplying organization supplies a communal resource of inadequate quality or with interruptions exceeding the established duration.

In addition, the managing organizations (partnerships, cooperatives), being the executors of utilities in an apartment building, acquire from resource supplying organizations a utility resource not for resale, but to provide the corresponding utility service to consumers and pay for the amount of utility resource consumed in such an apartment building from payments received from consumers for a utility service.

In accordance with the Decision The Supreme Court Of the Russian Federation dated June 8, 2012 No. AKPI12-604, according to which, within the framework of Resolution No. 124 managing organization, partnership or cooperative, are not economic entities with independent economic interests that are different from the interests of residents as direct consumers of utilities. These organizations carry out activities for the provision of utilities on the basis of a management agreement for an apartment building and pay for the volume of utility resources supplied under a resource supply agreement only from the received payments from consumers. In this situation, the amount of payment for a utility resource under a resource supply agreement should be equal to the amount of payment for a utility service paid by all consumers of utility services in accordance with the Rules for their provision.

Considering the above, regardless of the agreement, the parties are obliged to follow the peremptory norms that govern the procedure for settlements for the provided utilities.

According to clauses 10, 11 of part 1 of article 4 of the Housing Code of the Russian Federation, relations regarding the provision of utilities, payment for housing and utilities are regulated by housing legislation.

In accordance with the provisions of Article 8 of the RF LC, to housing relations associated, including with the use of engineering equipment, the provision of utilities, the payment of utility bills, the relevant legislation is applied, taking into account the requirements established by the RF Housing Code.

Taking into account the foregoing, when concluding a resource supply agreement with persons who manage an apartment building, and establishing conditions in it, including those regulating the procedure for terminating the supply of the corresponding type of communal resource to an apartment building, it is necessary, first of all, to be guided by the norms of housing legislation, in particular, Rules No. 124 subject to the provisions of Regulation No. 354.

Clause 5 of the Requirements establishes that the amount of the contractor's payment due to the transfer in favor of the resource supplying organization supplying a specific type of resource is determined in the amount of the payment for a specific utility service specified in the payment document charged to the consumer for this billing period in accordance with Rules No. 354 (if payment by the consumer in full), and if the consumer pays not in full - in the amount proportional to the amount of payment for a specific utility service in the total amount of payments indicated in the payment document for work and services performed (provided) for this billing period.

Proceeding from this, the homeowners' association is obliged to cover obligations to resource supplying organizations for the volume of utilities at the expense of funds received from consumers to pay for consumed utilities for hot water supply, that is, calculated on the basis of the rate of consumption of thermal energy used to heat water in order to provide utilities for hot water supply.

Based on the foregoing, the Arbitration Court of the Moscow Region considers that the stated claims are not subject to satisfaction.

Guided by articles of Art. 110, 112, 162, 167-170, 176 of the Arbitration Procedure Code of the Russian Federation, Arbitration Court of the Moscow Region

To refuse to satisfy the claim ”.

The Tenth Arbitration Court of Appeal, having considered the appeal against the decision of the CA of the Moscow Region, adopted Resolution No. 10AP-805/2017 of 17.04.2017 in case No. A41-18008 / 16, which it repeated the arguments of the court of first instance, additionally stating:

“The arguments of the appeal repeat the arguments of the claim, were reasonably rejected by the court of first instance.

Taking into account the totality of the circumstances set forth, the appellate court finds no grounds provided by law for re-evaluating the findings of the first instance court and satisfying the requirements of the appeal.

Guided by Articles 266, 268, paragraph 1 of Article 269, Article 271 of the Arbitration Procedure Code of the Russian Federation, the court

DECIDED:

The decision of the Arbitration Court of the Moscow Region of December 12, 2016 in case No. А41-18008 / 16 shall be left unchanged, the appeal - dismissed. "

conclusions

The Arbitration Court of the Moscow Region and the 10th Arbitration Court of Appeal, which supported its opinion, when considering case No. hot water supply (open or closed), regardless of the period of the year (heating or inter-heating), “the amount of heat energy used for water heating is determined according to the norms for the consumption of heat energy for heating water for hot water supply established in accordance with the procedure established by law ..., if there are standards for the consumption of thermal energy for heating hot water, the readings of metering devices that measure thermal energy used for hot water supply are not taken into account either in settlements with consumers or in settlements with resource supplying organizations. "

A new column appeared in receipts for utilities - hot water supply. It caused bewilderment among users, since not everyone understands what it is and why payments should be made on this line. There are also such apartment owners who cross out the column. This entails the accumulation of debt, penalties, fines and even litigation. In order not to take matters to extreme measures, you need to know what hot water supply is, hot water supply and why you have to pay for these indicators.

What is DHW on a receipt?

DHW - this designation stands for hot water supply. Its purpose is to provide apartments in apartment buildings and other residential premises with hot water at an acceptable temperature, but DHW is not hot water itself, but thermal energy, which is spent on heating water to an acceptable temperature.

Experts divide hot water supply systems into two types:

Central system. Here the water is heated in a heating plant. After that, it is distributed to apartments in apartment buildings.
Autonomous system. It is commonly used in private homes. The principle of operation is the same as in the central system, but here the water is heated in a boiler or boiler and is used only for the needs of one particular room.

Both systems have one goal - to provide homeowners with hot water. In apartment buildings, a central system is usually used, but many users install a boiler in case the hot water is turned off, as has happened in practice. An autonomous system is installed where there is no way to connect to central water supply... Only those consumers who use the central heating system pay for DHW. Users of an autonomous circuit pay for utilities that are spent to heat the heat carrier - gas or electricity.

Important! Another one in the column in the receipt related to DHW is DHW at ONE. Decoding ODN - general house needs. This means that the DHW column for ONE is the consumption of energy for heating water used for the general needs of all residents of an apartment building.

These include:

technical work that is carried out before the heating season;
pressure testing of the heating system, carried out after repair;
renovation work;
heating of common areas.

Hot water law

The DHW Law was adopted in 2013. Government Decree No. 406 states that users central system heating are required to pay at a two-component rate. This suggests that the tariff was divided into two elements:

thermal energy;
cold water.

So hot water supply appeared in the receipt, that is, the thermal energy spent on heating cold water. Housing and communal services specialists came to the conclusion that risers and heated towel rails, which are connected to the hot water supply circuit, consume thermal energy to heat non-residential premises. Until 2013, this energy was not taken into account in receipts, and consumers have been using it for decades at no cost, since outside heating season the air heating in the bathroom continued. Based on this, officials divided the tariff into two components, and now citizens have to pay for hot water supply.

Water heating equipment

The equipment for heating the liquid is a water heater. Its breakdown does not affect the tariff for hot water, but users must pay the cost of repairing equipment, since water heaters are part of the property of homeowners in an apartment building. The corresponding amount will appear on the receipt for the maintenance and repair of the property.

Important! This payment should be carefully considered by the owners of those apartments that do not use hot water, since they have installed autonomous system heating. Housing and communal services specialists do not always pay attention to this, simply distributing the amount for the repair of the water heater among all citizens.

As a result, these apartment owners have to pay for equipment they did not use. If you find an increase in the rate for the repair and maintenance of property, you need to find out what this is connected with and contact the management company for a recalculation if the payment is calculated incorrectly.

Thermal energy component

What is this - a component for a coolant? This is the heating of cold water. A metering device is not installed on the thermal energy component, unlike hot water. For this reason, it is impossible to calculate this indicator by the counter. How is the heat energy for DHW calculated in this case? When calculating the payment, the following points are taken into account:

the tariff that is set for DHW;
costs spent on maintaining the system;
the cost of heat loss in the circuit;
costs spent on the transfer of the coolant.

Important! The calculation of the cost of hot water is carried out taking into account the volume of consumed water, which is measured in 1 cubic meter.

The amount of the energy charge is usually calculated based on the value of the readings of the general hot water meter and the amount of energy in the hot water. Energy is calculated and for each separate apartment... For this, water consumption data is taken, which is learned from the meter readings, and multiplied by the specific heat energy consumption. The received data is multiplied by the tariff. This figure is the required contribution, which is indicated on the receipt.

How to make an independent calculation

Not all users trust the settlement center, so the question arises of how to calculate DHW cost on one's own. The resulting indicator is compared with the amount in the receipt and, on the basis of this, a conclusion is made about the correctness of the charges.

To calculate the cost of hot water supply, you need to know the tariff for heat energy. The amount is also affected by the presence or absence of a metering device. If it is, then readings are taken from the meter. In the absence of a meter, the standard for the consumption of thermal energy used for heating water is taken. Such a normative indicator is established by an energy-saving organization.

If an energy consumption meter is installed in a multi-storey building and there is a meter for hot water in the house, then the amount for hot water supply is calculated on the basis of the data of general housekeeping and the subsequent proportional distribution of the coolant among the apartments. In the absence of a meter, the rate of energy consumption per 1 cubic meter of water and the readings of individual meters are taken.

Complaint about incorrect receipt calculation

If, after self-calculating the amount of contributions for hot water supply, a difference is revealed, you must contact the management company for clarification. If the employees of the organization refuse to give explanations about this, it is necessary to submit a written claim. Its employees of the company have no right to ignore. A response must be received within 13 business days.

Important! If no answer was received or it is not clear from it why such a situation arose, then the citizen has the right to file a claim with the prosecutor's office or a statement of claim to the court. The instance will consider the case and make an appropriate objective decision. You can also contact the organizations that control the activities of the management company. Here the subscriber's complaint will be considered and an appropriate decision will be made.

The electricity used to heat the water is not free service... The payment for it is charged on the basis of the Housing Code of the Russian Federation. Each citizen can independently calculate the amount of this payment and compare the received data with the amount in the receipt. If any inaccuracies arise, you should contact the management company. In this case, the difference will be compensated if the error is acknowledged.

In accordance with the Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation of 13.05.2013 No. 406 "On state regulation of tariffs in the field of water supply and wastewater disposal" with a centralized hot water supply system in a closed system, a two-component tariff for hot water is established, consisting of " component for cold water "(Rub / m 3) and" component for thermal energy "(RUB / Gcal). The resource supplying organization supplying hot water makes settlements with the utility service provider (management company, HOA) for 2 resources: · cold water - at the tariff for the“ cold water component ”; · heat energy - at the tariff for "heat component". The value of the cold water component is calculated by the tariff regulator based on the cold water tariff. The value of the thermal energy component is determined by the tariff regulator in accordance with guidelines based on the following components: · tariff for heat energy; · maintenance costs centralized systems hot water supply in the section from central heating points (inclusive), where hot water is prepared, to a point on the border of the operational responsibility of the subscriber and the regulated organization, if such costs are not taken into account in the tariff for thermal energy; The cost of heat energy losses in pipelines at the site from facilities where hot water is prepared, including from central heating points, including the maintenance of central heating points, to a point on the border of the operational responsibility of the subscriber and the regulated organization if such losses are not taken into account when setting tariffs for thermal energy; · costs associated with the transportation of hot water. Performers of utilities in accordance with the "Rules for the provision of utilities to owners and users of premises in apartment buildings and residential buildings", approved by the Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation of May 6, 2011 No. No. 354 (hereinafter referred to as the Rules), calculate the amount of payment for utility services for hot water supply for the volume of consumed hot water in cubic meters. In accordance with the Rules, the amount of payment (P i) for utility services for hot water supply, in a room equipped with an individual appliance study that hot water, is determined by the formula: P i = V i n * T to p (1), where: V i n - the volume (amount) consumed during the billing period in i-th residential or non-residential premises of a communal resource, determined according to the indications of an individual metering device; T to p - the tariff for the utility resource. Since the tariff for the utility resource "hot water" is set in the form of two components, the utility service provider with hot water consumers makes payments for the components: cold water and heat energy for the needs of hot water supply. The amount of heat energy (Gcal / m 3) for the needs of hot water supply per 1m 3, as a rule, the contractor of utilities is determined on the basis of general house (collective) readings of metering devices for hot water and heat energy in hot water. It should be noted that the utility service provider makes settlements with the resource supplying organization based on the readings of the same general house (collective) metering devices for hot water and heat energy in hot water. The consumed amount of heat energy in hot water in the i-room (Gcal) is determined by multiplying the amount hot water by an individual metering device (m 3) for the specific consumption of heat energy in hot water (Gcal / m 3). The volume of hot water, determined by an individual metering device (m 3), is multiplied by the tariff "component for cold water" (rub ./m 3) is the payment for cold water as part of hot water. The volume of heat energy in consumed hot water (Gcal) is multiplied by the tariff "component for thermal energy" (rubles / Gcal) - this is the payment for heat energy as part of hot water. water. In accordance with the information letter of the Federal Tariff Service of Russia dated November 18, 2014 No. СЗ-12713/5 “Regarding the regulation of tariffs for hot water in a closed hot water supply system for 2015 ", it says that the executive authorities of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation in the field of state regulation of prices (tariffs) have the right to make a decision on the establishment of tariffs for hot water in a closed hot water supply system per 1 cu. m. At the same time, the calculation of the tariff for hot water (T gws) per 1 m 3 is made according to the formula: T gws = T hws * (1 + K pw) + US ctp + T t / e * Q t / e (2), where : Т хвс - cold tariff (rubles / cubic meters); Т т / е - heat energy tariff (rubles / Gcal); К пв - coefficient taking into account water losses in closed systems heat supply from central heating points to the connection point; US central heating - specific costs for the maintenance of hot water supply systems from central heating points to the boundaries of the balance sheet of consumers (excluding losses) if such costs are not taken into account in the tariffs for heat energy (power), per 1 cubic meter m; Q t / e - the amount of heat required for the preparation of one cubic meter hot water (Gcal / m3). In this case, the amount of heat for the preparation of one cubic meter of hot water (Q t / e) is determined by calculation, taking into account the heat capacity, pressure, temperature, water density, heat energy losses in risers and heated towel rails Thus, the charge in the receipt for hot water depends on the form in which the regulator sets the tariff for hot water: for two components (cold water and heat energy) or per cubic meter. In question the amounts of charges for 2 components (cold water and heat energy) are given, but not indicated municipality and component rates. If we assume that the consumption of hot water was 10 m 3, then the tariff for the “cold water component” is 331 rubles. / 10 m 3 = 33.10 rubles / m 3. If we assume that the tariff for the “heat energy” component is 1800 rubles / Gcal, the amount of consumed heat energy is: 1100 rubles. / 1800 rubles / Gcal = 0.611 Gcal, respectively, for heating 1 m 3 of hot water, the consumption of thermal energy was 0.611 Gcal / 10 m 3 = 0.0611 Gcal / m 3. Chief Economist of Yurenergo Group of Companies Isaeva T.V.

The main advantage of a once-through water supply system in comparison with a circulating water supply system is its simplicity. It lacks water coolers, circulating water pumping stations, additional pipe networks and other structures. If there is no need to purify industrial waste water, then the entire cold water supply will consist of a pumping station and a system of supply and discharge pipelines. The advantage of the circulating water supply system is that a much smaller amount of water is supplied from the source than with a direct-flow system, this amount of water should only compensate for its losses from evaporation and entrainment of droplets by the wind from the coolers and the water consumption for blowing cold water, which depends on the quality of the added water and the way it is processed. As a rule, the amount of water added to the system does not exceed 5% of the circulating water consumption. With circulating water supply, the diameter of the water lines, and therefore their cost, significantly decreases, the size and cost of water intake structures and pumping stations the first rise, the energy consumption required to supply water to the territory of the enterprise, it becomes possible to use sources with a small water flow rate for industrial water supply, the cost is noticeably reduced treatment facilities for make-up water. With a circulating system, much less waste water is discharged into the reservoir than with a direct-flow one. In this regard, the task of protecting water bodies from pollution is facilitated. waste water, the size and cost of treatment facilities and pipelines that discharge waste and treated water are reduced.

Hvs in the receipt what is it

It is unacceptable to change the names of these services, although some regional housing and communal services arbitrarily enter into their payment receipts such lines as "hot water heating", "hot water supply" or "hot water and cold water disposal". It is not at all necessary for the consumer to know how much water heating costs; the final amount that is presented for payment is important to him.

Is it legal to pay for water heating according to a receipt in 2018

What is DHW in a receipt

It turns out a vicious circle - many residents often do not pay for hot water due to its low temperature or refuse this service altogether, switching to water heating electric boilers... And the enterprises of the heating network cannot carry out repair work, because the debt of the population to pay does not give them an inflow of funds.

Is it legal to pay for hot water supply (hot water supply) in the receipt is divided into 2 payment points: 1 - water supply (I have 331 rubles); 2 - its heating (1100 rubles)

The cost of heat energy losses in pipelines at the site from facilities where hot water is prepared, including from central heating points, including the maintenance of central heating points, to a point on the border of the operational responsibility of the subscriber and the regulated organization if such losses are not taken into account when setting tariffs for heat energy;

What is hot water supply, cold water supply and sewerage in housing and communal services receipts

The list of services that need to be paid for residents of apartment buildings is clearly defined by article 154 of the main industry document - the Housing Code. Homeowners and tenants are required to pay for maintenance and repairs. In addition, their responsibility includes payment for services:

What is HVS for GWS in the receipt

The component for cold water is the volume of cold water (CWS) for the needs of hot water supply. In the presence of individual metering devices (meters), this component is determined - according to the readings of the metering device for hot water (DHW), in the absence of an individual metering device - according to the standard, i.e. 3.5 cubic meters per person. per month.

What does the abbreviation HVS DPU mean?

The nuance is that if the accounting is kept by the enterprise, then all kinds of losses in water and its temperature (for example, breakthroughs, leaks) he will write off to consumers, and they will pay for it. If a common house meter is installed in the house, then residents will pay for the water and heat that entered the house.

When paying for utilities, consumers see various abbreviations in receipts. It is important to know what is behind these letters and where the money is going. DHW is a hot water service. But what it includes and what it consists of, let's take a closer look.

Regulatory framework and definitions

Hot water, centrally supplied to consumers, in accordance with the provisions of the Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation No. 354 dated 06.05.2011, is one of the communal resources. A public service is the provision of a resource to a consumer by a service provider (supplier).

That is, in the case of hot water supply, the utility service is the supply of hot water of the required parameters to the apartments of apartment buildings, dorm rooms, enterprises and public buildings(hospitals, laundries, kindergartens, etc.).

The heating network provides services for the supply of hot water to residents, and its responsibilities include the implementation of centralized heating of residential and public buildings.

Service features

The preparation of hot water for the needs of hot water supply takes place at centralized heating boiler houses, in the same place where the heating medium of the heating system is heated.

Boiler rooms can be connected to a looped DHW system or be dead-end - designed for a group of houses or one house (for example, roof-top boiler rooms). The closer the consumer is to the hot water source (boiler room), the better the service will be, the higher the water temperature. However, connection to loopback networks is preferable from the point of view of the reliability and continuity of the hot water supply.

The service includes:

Boiler room service. Unlike heating, DHW is provided all year round, while the boiler houses switch to summer (minimum) operating mode.
Maintenance of tracks.
Carrying out scheduled repair work on the networks.

The water heated in the boiler room for the open (open) DHW system enters the consumers' apartments through the supply water pipelines, being distributed through the internal domestic hot water supply networks.

It should be remembered that hot water cannot be used for cooking due to the presence of additives in it - special additives that reduce the level of scale formation on the inner walls of pipelines.

The hot water temperature at consumers is regulated by sanitary legal norms and is + 50 ... + 65 ° С. In fact, it often does not exceed + 40 ° С.

This is due to heat losses during the delivery of the coolant along the routes (poor-quality pipe insulation, bursts) or due to the low temperature at the outlet of the boiler room. Boiler room operators adjust the output parameters based on the outside temperature.

The task of the service provider is to provide the apartments with a communal resource of adequate quality. Sometimes the heating network justifies the poor-quality provision of services by the deplorable state of the networks - routes built in the last century that require overhaul, will not withstand the temperature difference in winter time if the parameters of the coolant at the outlet of the boiler room are maintained at the standard level.

It turns out to be a vicious circle - many residents often do not pay for hot water due to its low temperature, or refuse this service altogether, switching to heating water with electric boilers. And the enterprises of the heating network cannot carry out repair work, because the debt of the population to pay does not give them an inflow of funds.

On the video about the DHW service

Outcome

Whether or not to pay for a hot water supply service, if it turns out to be of insufficient quality, is a purely personal matter. It is important to understand that if you decide to go down the path of non-payment, you do not just need to generate debts. It is necessary to collect the evidence base according to the following scheme: make commission measurements of the water temperature, send the results to the company supplying the services. Be sure to get an official answer explaining the reasons for the poor quality of the service. Having collected a package of evidence, you can go to court to defend your rights.

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