Labour Organization
Electricians for the maintenance of electrical equipment perform work to maintain the working condition of electrical equipment and networks of outdoor and local lighting.
They carry out daily and systematic monitoring of technical condition electrical equipment, electric lamps, internal wiring, switches, plugs and control over their maintenance in good condition.
Damage to electrical lighting and emergency electrical equipment must be repaired immediately.
Prepare the systems of power and lighting equipment for the scheduled event.
Produce repair and preventive work according to schedules drawn up according to the plan of preventive maintenance.
Maintenance work includes: minor repairs control panels in control rooms, electrical wires, power and lighting equipment systems.
Keep a record of electricity consumption in the morning and evening. During the duty at the dispatching console, the detected defects and malfunctions are recorded in the logbook of the operation of electrical equipment, requests are fulfilled for the operational switching of equipment, and instrument readings are monitored.
When working directly on the electrical installation, depending on the complexity of the repair, the work is carried out by one or two electricians who have a set of necessary tools and protective equipment.
The workplace of an electrician is equipped with a bench workbench with a vice, a swivel chair with adjustable height. Electrical measuring instruments are located at the workplace. For storage of electrical equipment measuring tool and instruments at the workplace, the workbench is equipped with drawers.
To repair each type of electrical equipment, one of the workbenches is equipped with a test stand, to which a mains socket is connected to connect a soldering iron, hand lighting, etc. Equipment and spare parts are stored in dry rooms on racks, cable products are rolled into drums and laid out on trays in cable collectors. When repairing electrical equipment, instrumentation and tools are used, as well as protective equipment in accordance with the norms and rules of safety and operation of electrical installations.
Scope of work
Monitoring and ensuring normal and uninterrupted operation all electrical equipment, electrical appliances. Elimination of all detected defects and malfunctions in electrical installations. Repair of electrical equipment and electrical appliances, lamps.
Maintenance and installation of motors, switchboards, electrical measuring instruments, automatic machines and heating appliances. Monitoring the economical and correct use of electricity.
Table 27
Standards for the number of electricians for maintenance
electrical equipment
|
N positions |
Total power installed equipment, kVA |
Quantity physical units equipment |
over 70 000 |
Number norms, pers. |
Page 13 of 15
When servicing and repairing electrical equipment by the team contract method great importance has a rationing of the cost of working time for preventive maintenance and their reduction.
To carry out work planning, electrical repair personnel are offered a system of preventive maintenance of power equipment (PPREO), approved by the Glavgosznergonadzor of the Ministry of Energy.
In table. 15 shows the norms of labor intensity of repair of the main electrical equipment of intra-factory electric transport. To obtain the labor intensity standards for the repair of electric motors, it is necessary to take into account the correction factors:
1. By rotation frequency: |
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Rotation frequency, rpm |
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Correction factor |
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2. By type of electric motors: |
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For DC collector machines |
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For synchronous machines |
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For asynchronous electric motors with phase rotor |
When normalizing the labor intensity of repairing low-voltage equipment, the following correction factors must be taken into account:
For explosion-proof equipment 1.6
For reversing magnetic starters 1.8
In table. 16 shows the norms of labor intensity batteries.
Labor intensity norms of maintenance within 1 month are taken equal to 10% of the current repair norm.
Given in table. 15, 16 norms can be used for the direct rationing of labor costs to pay workers only if they do not exceed the achieved norms of output at the enterprise.
T a 6 l and 15. Norms of labor intensity of repair of the main electrical equipment of in-house electric transport
Equipment |
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capital |
current |
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Electric motors, kW: |
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Three-phase installation automatic switches for rated current, A: |
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Non-reversible magnetic starters for electric motors with power, kW: |
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Contactors alternating current to the minimum |
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Contactors direct current for rated current, A: |
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DC and AC cam controllers with resistance for electric motors, kW: |
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AC brake electromagnets with traction force, N: |
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Equipment |
Norms of labor intensity of repair, man-hour |
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capital |
current |
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Package switches for rated current, A: |
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Power distribution cabinets with number |
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Lighting group shields with the number of pears: |
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Grounding networks at 100 m |
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microswitches |
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Panel electrical measuring instruments for 1 pc. |
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Protection and automation devices for one supply line |
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Table 1 6. Norms of labor intensity of repair of batteries
Battery type and capacity, Ah |
Norms of labor intensity of repair, man-hour, at battery voltage, V |
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Acid: |
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Alkaline: |
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Note. The numerator indicates the complexity of the overhaul, the denominator - at current repair.
Since the electrical equipment of the transport mechanism includes various electrical devices, as well as electrical wiring, general norm the complexity of the repair will consist of the sum of the labor intensity of the elements of the electric drive of the transport mechanism. For wiring, as well as for circuit elements that are not in the tables, the operating experience standard is adopted.
The calculated repair standard is entered in the repair cards and the equipment passport.
The repair cycle of the mechanical equipment of electric transport may not coincide with the repair cycle of its electrical part. If the repair cycle of the electrical part differs from the repair cycle of the mechanical equipment by more than one overhaul period, then it is not advisable to subject them to the same type of repair. In this case, it is quite acceptable and advisable to adhere to an independent planned structure of the repair cycle for the electrical and mechanical parts of the equipment. During the overhaul of mechanical equipment, its electrical part can only be subjected to current repairs, and vice versa, during the current repair of mechanical equipment, its electrical part may be subject to overhaul, if so provided in their scheduled repair cycles and if the pre-repair condition of the electrical part does not require change type of repair.
MINISTRY OF LABOR OF THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION
On the approval of consolidated time limits for Maintenance, current and overhaul electric motors, generators, power transformers, welding generators and transformers at industrial enterprises of sectors of the national economy
The Ministry of Labor of the Russian Federation decides:
1. To approve the enlarged time standards for maintenance, current and overhaul of electric motors, generators, power transformers, welding generators and transformers at industrial enterprises of the national economy, developed by the Central Bureau of Labor Standards at the All-Russian Center for Productivity of the Ministry of Labor of Russia.
2. Establish that the enlarged time standards approved by this Resolution are recommended for use in industrial enterprises and organizations, regardless of departmental subordination, forms of ownership and management.
3. Ministries, departments, enterprises and organizations, within three months, taking into account the need, submit applications to the Central Bureau of Labor Standards for the publication of consolidated time standards approved by this Decree.
Ensure that the Central Bureau of Labor Standards publishes the required number of these aggregated time standards.
Deputy Minister of Labor
Russian Federation
R. BATKAEV
ENHANCED TIME RATES FOR MAINTENANCE, CURRENT AND OVERHAUL REPAIRS OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, GENERATORS, POWER TRANSFORMERS, WELDING GENERATORS AND TRANSFORMERS AT INDUSTRIAL ENTERPRISES OF THE SECTORS OF THE NATIONAL ECONOMY
APPROVED by the Decree of the Ministry of Labor of the Russian Federation of September 10, 1993 No. 151 and are recommended for use in industrial enterprises and organizations, regardless of departmental subordination, forms of ownership and management.
DEVELOPED by the Central Bureau of Labor Standards together with the Eastern Branch of TsOTenergo.
Time standards are designed to standardize the work of workers engaged in repairs electrical machines with piecework wages, and the establishment of normalized tasks for time wages, as well as for the calculation of complex norms when introducing collective forms of labor organization, determining the cost repair work and calculation of volume indicators of production.
Aggregated time standards are developed taking into account the most rational organization of labor for the conditions of electrical repair sites (workshops) industrial enterprises and specialized electrical repair enterprises (shops), contributing to an increase in labor productivity of workers, subject to working conditions that comply with sanitary and hygienic standards and the current rules of labor protection and safety.
A COMMON PART
1. Aggregated time standards for maintenance, current and overhaul of electric motors, generators, power transformers, welding generators and transformers are recommended for use in enterprises and organizations, regardless of departmental subordination, ownership and management.
Aggregated norms of time are intended for rationing the labor of workers engaged in the repair of electrical machines with piecework pay, and establishing standardized tasks for time wages, as well as for calculating complex norms when introducing collective forms of labor organization, determining the cost of repair work and calculating volume production indicators.
2. When developing the enlarged time standards, the following materials were used:
- repair technology;
- technical calculations;
- state standards, basic technical, design and winding data of electrical machines and transformers;
- industry and local time standards;
- photochronometric observations and the results of the analysis of the organization of labor and production;
- Methodological foundations regulation of the labor of workers in the national economy. - M.: Economics, 1987;
- Regulations on the organization of labor rationing in the national economy;
- Intersectoral guidelines"Determining the standards of time for rest and personal needs." - M.: Research Institute of Labor, 1982.
3. The name of the professions of workers and the categories of work are indicated in accordance with the Unified Tariff and Qualification Reference Book of Works and Professions of Workers. Issue 1, section: professions of workers, common to all sectors of the economy. - M.: Mashinostroenie, 1986; issue 2, sections: welding works; mechanical processing of metals and other materials; metal plating and painting; locksmith and locksmith-assembly work. - M.: Mashinostroenie, 1986; issue 19, section: insulating and winding work. - M: Research Institute of Labor, 1986; issue 9, section: repair of equipment of power plants and networks. - M .: Research Institute of Labor, 1985. In accordance with the Decree of the Ministry of Labor of the Russian Federation No. 15a of May 12, 1992, the current ETSC is used at enterprises and organizations of the Russian Federation.
4. In addition to the main work, the enlarged norms take into account the time for:
- receipt of the task and delivery of the work performed, familiarization with the drawings, diagrams and technical documentation, receiving instructions from the technical staff on the order and method of performing the task;
- obtaining tools, fixtures, equipment and materials from the storerooms and handing them over after work is completed;
- connection of electric and gas welding equipment, mechanized tools and devices to stationary energy exploration within the working area;
- preparation and maintenance in order of workplaces, tools and devices;
- transitions of performers associated with the preparation and completion of work, the organization of work and the workplace, as well as the movement of components and parts, tools and devices within the working area at a distance of up to 10 m in the conditions of electrical repair shops and areas (workshops) and up to 50 m in conditions of operating workshops of industrial enterprises. The time for the transitions of performers within the working area to a distance of more than 10 (50) m is taken into account separately at the rate of 0.1 hour per 250 m for one performer.
5. Aggregated norms do not take into account the time for:
- correction of marriage in work;
- production and repair of mechanisms, fixtures and tools;
- installation of permanent electrical wiring, compressed air, acetylene, oxygen, water working area to workplaces;
- technological breaks during winding work (drying, impregnation);
- the work of the crane operator;
- implementation of organizational and technical measures in accordance with the requirements of the PTB. The time spent on the implementation of organizational and technical measures that ensure the safety of work in accordance with the requirements of the PTB must be taken into account separately for actual costs.
6. Aggregated norms are set in man-hours per unit of work and are calculated according to the formula:
The full document can be downloaded from the link at the top of the page.
The previous material was devoted to cleaners: how to calculate correctly and on what basis required amount cleaners for each house http://site/rules_528_331.
Now let's answer the following questions:
How many plumbers do you need for a home?
Do you need more roofers in winter than in summer or the same number?
What determines the number of workers in our house?
Let's go back to the current normative document and look at Appendix 4 to the order of the Department of Housing and Communal Services and Improvement of the City of Moscow dated December 26, 2012 No. 05-14-535 / 2.
At the end of the material from a large table, but first we will show an approximate calculation.
Let's take the same real residential building. Year of construction - 2002. Its total living area is 8,327 sq.m., 12 floors, 3 entrances, 6 elevators, area staircases- 2 300 sq.m.
Let's add the missing data (in this case, they will be approximate). total area attics and basements - 1771 sq.m., roof material - steel, roof area - 1151 sq.m., water supply, heat supply and sewerage - centralized, wall material - brick, number of apartments - 144.
Now let's spend approximate calculation of the standard number of workers for the operation of the house according to this document.
Roofer: 1151 / 25800 = 0.04 in summer and 1151 / 7270 = 0.16 in winter.
Carpenter: 8327 / 45000 = 0.19
Carpenter: 8327 / 54900 = 0.15
Plasterer: 8327 / 77500 = 0.11
Painter: 8327 / 51700 = 0.16
Bricklayer: 8327 / 34000 = 0.24
Plumber: 144 / 371 + 8327 / 38600 = 0.60
Electrician: 144 / 2240 + 5 / 50 + 2 / 150 = 0.18
Electric and gas welder: 1771 / 25000 = 0.07
Maintenance worker: 1771 / 38000 = 0.05
From this calculation it can be seen that the standard number of workers per house is calculated in tenths. Even if summed over this specific house, then it turns out only 1.91 workers for all the work in the house.
These figures clearly show that you should not be surprised if, on your call to the dispatch service, a mechanic or electrician may not come on time - after all, it turns out according to such a calculation that one electrician must serve 5.5 such houses.
Now, referring to this table, everyone will be able to calculate for their home.
SERVICE RATES (PER YEAR) FOR WORKERS,
EMPLOYED IN MAINTENANCE AND REPAIR OF COMMON PROPERTY IN AN APARTMENT BUILDING
| No. p / p | Name of the profession of the worker, equipment, service facilities | unit of measurement | Service life of buildings, years | |
| 10-30 years old | ||||
| building groups | ||||
| 1 (brick) | 2 (rest) | |||
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 6 | 7 |
| 1. | Roofer | sq.m of roof | ||
| - on steel roofs | ||||
| during the warm season | " | 25800 | 25800 | |
| in cold period of the year | " | 7270 | 7270 | |
| - on rolled roofs | " | 13100 | 13100 | |
| - on roofs made of piece material | " | 16800 | 16800 | |
| 2. | A carpenter | sq.m of total area | 45000 | 55800 |
| 3. | Construction joiner | " | 54900 | 68000 |
| 4. | Plasterer | " | 77500 | 100300 |
| 5. | Construction painter | " | 51700 | 67000 |
| 6. | Mason | " | 34000 | 38300 |
| 7. | Plumber: | |||
| - plumbing, sewerage, without baths and hot water supply | flat | - | - | |
| - water supply, sewerage, in the presence of baths without hot water supply | " | 321 | 321 | |
| - plumbing, sewerage, hot water supply | " | 371 | 371 | |
| - central heating from the house boiler | sq.m of total area | 37700 | 37700 | |
| - central heating from CHP or district boiler house | " | 38600 | 38600 | |
| PCS. | 100 | 100 | ||
| 8. | Electrician for the repair and maintenance of electrical equipment: | |||
| - in houses with open electrical wiring | flat | - | - | |
| - in houses with hidden electrical wiring | " | 2240 | 2240 | |
| - power plants | PCS. | 50 | 50 | |
| - illuminated building signs and street signs | PCS. | 150 | 150 | |
| - a device for washing, cleaning and disinfecting the internal surface of the garbage chute | PCS. | 100 | 100 | |
| 9. | Electric and gas welder | sq. m of attics, basements | 25000 | 25000 |
| 10. | support worker | " | 38000 | 38000 |