Automation and dispatching of engineering equipment for the life support of buildings. Dispatching engineering systems

I heard the call of dear and respected Volzhanin yesterday. But I have preparation No. 4 of the Algorithm for printing. Here, as always, everything is on the ears. On the 10th of September, everything should be in the printing house, but here who is where, summer.
Now in order.
My colleague, dear Volzhanin, is right as always. If we are talking about dispatching is one thing. If we are talking about fire monitoring, this is completely different. Do not confuse one with the other and resent his behavior. He is here as a classic of the genre. He won't take someone else's, but he won't give his own either.
Now, within the framework of fire monitoring, it is necessary to distinguish between objects of the category F1.1, F1.2. F4.1 and F4.2. from all others. This is dogma.
For these objects, according to Federal Law No. 123, there is one system fire monitoring with duplication (I emphasize - with duplication, because these facilities must have a round-the-clock security post) of signals through Sagittarius-Monitoring at TsUS-01, i.e. in DDS MES.
According to SP5.13130, objects that do not have round-the-clock security posts go there, i.e. in DDS MES.
Allowed by 13.14.5.
"Reception and control devices and control devices, as a rule, should be installed in a room with round-the-clock stay of personnel on duty. In justified cases, it is allowed to install these devices in rooms without personnel conducting round-the-clock duty, while ensuring separate transmission of notifications about fire, malfunction, condition technical means to a room with personnel on duty around the clock, and ensuring control of the channels for transmitting notifications. In this case, the room where the devices are installed must be equipped with a security and fire alarm and protected from unauthorized access.

But this immediately contradicts 14.4.
"In a room with round-the-clock stay of duty personnel, notices should be displayed about the malfunction of monitoring and control devices installed outside this room, as well as communication lines, control and management of technical means of alerting people in case of fire and evacuation control, smoke protection, automatic fire extinguishing and other installations and devices fire protection.
The project documentation must define the recipient of the fire notice to ensure that the tasks in accordance with Section 17 are completed.
At objects of functional hazard class F 1.1 and F 4.1, fire notifications should be transmitted to fire departments via a duly allocated radio channel or other communication lines in automatic mode without the participation of facility personnel and any organizations broadcasting these signals. It is recommended to use technical means with resistance to electromagnetic interference not lower than the 3rd degree of rigidity in accordance with GOST R 53325-2009.
In the absence of personnel on duty at the facility, fire notices should be transmitted to the fire departments via a radio channel allocated in the established order or other communication lines in automatic mode.
At other sites, if available technical feasibility it is recommended to duplicate the signals of the automatic fire alarm about a fire to the fire department via a duly allocated radio channel or other communication lines in automatic mode.
At the same time, measures should be taken to improve the reliability of the fire notification, for example, the transmission of notifications "Attention", "Fire", etc.

Now according to clause 13.14.5.
What kind of technical means can be used for this. Here, after all, control is required, and permanent, of this very channel for transmitting notifications. And what are these technical means.
Let's go to st. 46 FZ No. 123. There we find for this SPIP - fire notification transmission systems.
Where are the requirements. Section 9 GOST 53325-2012.
Are the STIs applied by the PSC consistent with it. Of course not. Since there are used SPIs of a completely different class and with different requirements.
Now a question of other plan.
Three scammers came from the object to the control panel of this CHOO. We went to the first two, but did not call the third. People died, great material damage. Who is to blame for the late delivery of the notice.
In this regard, there is a law on private detective and security activities. It states that PSCs can perform the following functions: installation burglar alarm, organization of access control at enterprises and protection of objects with the help of technical means. There is no question of any fire-fighting functions there and cannot be. In this case, according to the law, in case of a fire, no one has any claims against the PSC, even if a fire alarm is displayed to them. Who made the unlawful decision to grant rights to a PSC for fire department object. Object management. Well, we will put him in jail for 15 years.
But what you do in this situation, you choose. There are laws arbitrage practice, but there is a desire of the customer. The desire of the customer does not always coincide with the capabilities or views of the contractor.
About the project new edition SP5 should be under no illusions. For many reasons, it was returned for revision. And the mentioned version regarding fire monitoring is one of them.
Imagine that suddenly they were allowed to transmit a fire signal to absolutely any organization, as long as there was a round-the-clock duty officer and any technical means.
From city A, from the children's rehabilitation center, a fire signal automatically goes to city B via the GSM channel. And not just anywhere, but to Uncle Petya's garage. And from there, in full drunkenness, this uncle Petya has to get through the long-distance city to city A in order to transmit a signal about a fire. But Uncle Petya did not have money on the phone to make long-distance calls. What do you think about it. But the rule-makers from VNIIPO see no problems here. That's why they were pushed back.
And in terms of choosing a communication channel, there are also a lot of problems.
In general, I give you links to my materials on the organization of fire monitoring:
http://avtoritet.net/library/press/2...
http://avtoritet.net/library/press/2...
http://avtoritet.net/library/press/2...
http://avtoritet.net/library/article...
Read it, figure it out.
But then you can rummage here on this forum regarding the legal force of relations with the PSC. I've written a lot of things in my time with excerpts from our legislation. Not everything here is as simple as it seemed and wanted, but very interesting and informative. This is exactly what our esteemed Volzhanin mentioned here.
In short, this is your first breath. When you understand this, you can continue to delve into this problem.

dispatching engineering systems buildings, groups of buildings, enterprises - the bottom of the most pressing problems in the implementation of automated process control systems - process control systems. Modern engineering systems are complex, complex systems, for the normal functioning of which automated dispatching systems are required. Engineering equipment included in the life support complex of buildings, as a rule, has a huge set of technological parameters and signals that require continuous monitoring. Such control can only be achieved modern systems dispatching.

Dispatching of engineering systems allows you to expand the traditional automation of engineering systems and bring it to a level at which monitoring and control of all systems is carried out from one dispatcher workplace. Dispatching engineering systems allows you to maintain their performance and improve the efficiency of energy use. Thanks to the operational control of the state of engineering systems and timely response to changes in the operation of systems and equipment, it is possible to effectively make management decisions and prevent possible failures.

The essence of dispatching is to visualize information about the functioning of engineering systems and provide the operator with the ability to directly control the equipment from the control room. Data on the state of engineering equipment is received from local automation controllers and transmitted to the server. The processed technological data with the necessary analytical information is sent to the dispatching server and displayed on the computer screens at the operators' workplaces in a visual dynamic graphical form.

When using dispatching systems of engineering systems, the rationality of using all types of resources increases and thereby increases the profit from the operation of facilities. The automated dispatching system for engineering systems allows you to take into account energy resources, normalize their consumption, adjust equipment operation taking into account external conditions. Thus, the client can save a significant share financial resources and direct them to business development.

STC Energo-Resource effectively develops and implements automated systems for dispatch control (ASDC) and control (ASDU) of engineering systems of various facilities:

industrial facilities and enterprises;
business centers;
shopping and entertainment centers, hypermarkets;
detached buildings or complexes of residential buildings;
sports facilities;
medical institutions;
warehouse complexes;
individual sections within an industrial, economic, public, office or residential facility.

The introduction of the ASDC supervisory control system, and, if required, the ASDU supervisory control and management system allows:

Graphically, visually display information;
Keep records and analysis of energy consumption;
To carry out round-the-clock operational management depending on the situation at the facility;
Quickly, reliably diagnose the state of the object;
Reduce the impact of the human factor;
Significantly reduce the number of service personnel;
Reduce operating costs;
To plan service maintenance equipment;
Promptly monitor failures, preventing the development of emergencies in a preventive mode;
Issue context prompts to the dispatcher in emergency situations;
Keep a log of events in automatic mode, documenting the causes of accidents, losses and their perpetrators;
Obtaining and analyzing data for the development of measures aimed at improving energy efficiency.

Dispatching covers engineering systems:

Lighting indoor and outdoor;
Boiler plants and individual heat points, forming a heat supply system;
Elements exhaust ventilation(BB) and supply ventilation(PV), central air conditioners and closer air conditioners (fan coil units, thermal curtains, air flow regulators);
Refrigeration centers and refrigeration stations;
Security and fire alarms (smoke exhaust devices, fire dampers, water and gas fire extinguishing etc.);
Separate wells and water intake units, pressure boosting units;
Cold water supply (HVS);
Hot water supply (DHW);
Leak control (flooding and drainage);
Diesel power plants, transformer substations, high-power UPS, power distribution devices;
Energy resource metering units;
Elevators and escalators;
Access control and management systems, video surveillance.

The engineering systems dispatching system is a multi-level remote control and management system. It consists of:

Lower level (field level): sensors, actuators and cable system. The lower level can include from units to thousands of signal sources, interrogated sensors, various devices connected by different types interfaces that transmit information to mid-level equipment.

Average level: controllers that receive and process analog, discrete signals and generate control commands. Medium-level equipment is programmable controllers, modules of discrete, analog inputs, relay inputs and outputs. The controllers convert the data received from the observed equipment, preliminary calculations equipment status, formation of data packets, and also form signals for controlled devices. An object can contain hundreds of these controllers, depending on the structure and size of the object.

Upper level: control computer with application software (operator workstation). The top-level hardware is a computer with special software. It requests and receives data from controllers.

The software that the operator works with displays the equipment involved in the system in a form convenient for the operator (building layouts indicating the location of equipment, structural chains of equipment for various subsystems). It is possible to work with logs of alarms, events, actions of operators, filtering events in logs by date, time, type of event, type of equipment. The operator's workstation can set the parameters of the equipment operation, with the appearance of alarms when the parameters go beyond the specified limits, display the statistics of changes in the parameters of the systems in the form of graphs and tables. The rights of users are also differentiated according to the possibilities of management, dispatching of engineering systems.

Dispatch post (operator workstation) equipped with an uninterruptible power supply, sound alarm and includes 3 monitors (left, center and right). From the point of view of placing information on them, each monitor is independent and self-sufficient. Each monitor can display any frame with information. The distribution of frames with information on monitors is made by the dispatcher himself, based on his own preferences and ease of perception.

There are the following frame types:

start frame;
Main mnemonic scheme of buildings;
Main mnemonic scheme of the structure;
Mnemonic circuit of the engineering system;
Mnemonic diagram of the floor plan for the placement of equipment.

For quick troubleshooting, a display of a floor-by-floor mimic diagram of equipment placement is provided, on which it is possible to accurately determine the location of emergency equipment.

After the dispatching system is put into operation, the NTC Energo-Resource company provides service maintenance of the system. The company's specialists, in agreement with the customer, using remote access, can see the real picture of what is happening in any dispatching circuit of the customer's facility in the "on-line" mode and make the necessary changes to the software.

The need to use engineering systems dispatching systems is obvious. They enable reliable interaction between all subsystems of the object's life support, operational control and management. The more complex the engineering complex of an object, the more important the role of dispatching systems.

Purpose
The integrated automation and dispatching system is designed to manage the life support engineering systems of the facility and create comfortable conditions life of the working staff.
Technical advantages

Automatic maintenance optimal modes equipment operation
Equipment failure prediction
All functions for managing engineering systems are available from a single user interface
Scaling from small systems to large systems with multiple subsystems
Operational dispatch control and alerts technological processes and engineering systems equipment
Centralized control (monitoring) in real time of the state of technological parameters and equipment of engineering systems
Integration of all systems of the facility, creation of a corporate security system and implementation of a unified response policy
Using an advanced alarm management system
Prompt and visual display of emergency notifications on the screens
Differentiation of access to information

Economic benefits

Improving the efficiency of management, operation and safety of the engineering complex of the facility
Energy Saving
Saving labor costs for operational services
Efficient equipment planning
Increasing the prestige of the object
Reducing the cost of object insurance

The structure of building a system of integrated automation and dispatching of engineering systems
The system of complex automation and dispatching of engineering systems is built according to the principles of two-level integration:

Upper level - data collection and processing system
Lower level - local automation systems (LSA)

The data collection and processing system provides

Continuous monitoring of the condition of the equipment of the engineering systems of the facility and the flow of technological processes with constant registration of ongoing events
Long-term storage of information about events
Binding of recorded events in various engineering support systems of an object to a single time scale
Interaction between systems in terms of functioning in various situations, including emergency (emergency).
Visual control of the operation (state) of the equipment of controlled engineering systems and the flow of technological processes.
Remote control of engineering systems and their individual equipment from an automated workstation (AWS) of the operator.
Remote change of operating modes of equipment of engineering systems from the operator's workstation.
Formation of various reports on the functioning of controlled building engineering systems.

Composition of the main equipment of the data collection and processing system

Data collection and processing system server.
Interface equipment for server communication with local automation systems.
automated workplace(Workstation) operator of engineering systems.
Software for data collection and processing system.
Equipment for creating a LAN.
Uninterruptible power supplies.

Proposed manufacturers of hardware and software data acquisition and processing systems

SIEMENS

Local automation systems ensure the operation of engineering systems in automatic mode, both autonomously and as part of an integrated building automation and dispatching system.

The composition of the main equipment of local automation systems

Controllers and I/O modules
Peripheral Automation Tools:
- process parameters sensors (temperature, humidity, pressure, differential pressure, flow rate, level, illumination, etc.)
- actuators (valves, gate valves, actuators, etc.)

energy efficiency
intellectual energy saving system building automation reduces emissions harmful substances and reduces operating costs.

Unlike constructive measures, building automation is a less labor-intensive and much cheaper means of improving energy efficiency. The automation system is the brain of the building. It integrates information about all engineering systems. It manages heating and cooling, ventilation and air conditioning, power supply and lighting systems. Therefore, it is the brain of the building that should be endowed with the functions of control over the use of energy resources. These features reduce the building's energy consumption by up to 30%.

Increasing productivity and efficiency by managing the full life cycle of a building RTK-systems LLC offers intelligent integrated solutions for residential and non-residential buildings and infrastructures public purpose. Throughout life cycle site our services and solutions in the field of low-voltage distribution networks and electrical installations, building automation, fire safety and security systems guarantees:

optimum comfort and highest energy efficiency of buildings,
protection and safety of people, processes and material assets,
increase in labor productivity.

List of controlled systems: Heating system (individual heating point) - dispatching of the building's IHS allows reducing the impact of the human factor during maintenance, reducing the risks of emergencies associated with unexpected equipment failure, minimizing damage associated with pipeline breaks, analyzing heat consumption at different time periods (and / or at different circumstances) to obtain the optimum (most economical) settings ITP work. It is economically and technically expedient to perform ITP automation as part of a dispatching system, which allows full integration of ITP into the dispatching system and at the same time avoids additional costs associated with duplication of equipment that controls one parameter.

The temperature of the heat carrier in the supply and return pipelines of the heating network, the supply and return pipelines of the heating circuits, ventilation, hot water supply and heating risers. Control of heat carrier temperatures at various points of the technological process allows you to optimally adjust the modes of consumption of thermal energy by various consumers, as well as control the quality of services provided by the heat supply company.
Pressure in the supply and return pipelines of the heating network - quality control of services of the heat supply company.
Pressure in the supply and return pipelines of heating, ventilation, hot water supply and heating risers - monitoring the condition of pipelines, the presence of coolant, protection against "dry running" of pumps.
Pressure drop across filters and sumps - control of filter clogging, timely notification of personnel about the need for cleaning.
Differential pressure on pumps - control of serviceability of pumps, timely notification of personnel about the need for repair / replacement.
Control of the position of shut-off and control valves for heating, ventilation and hot water circuits
Maintenance of thermal conditions according to the specified parameters (settings), outdoor air temperature, temperature of the heat carrier coming from the heating main.
Control of the position of the shut-off valves of the heating risers, prompt termination of the coolant leakage in the event of a violation of the tightness of the circuit.
Integration of commercial and/or technical metering of heat consumption and DHW consumption.

Ventilation system - dispatching the ventilation system of a building allows reducing the impact of the human factor during maintenance, reducing the risks of emergencies associated with unexpected equipment failure (for example, smoke exhaust units), minimizing damage associated with pipeline breaks or downtime of expensive equipment. It is economically and technically expedient to perform automation of ventilation systems as part of a dispatching system, which allows full integration into the dispatching system and at the same time avoids additional costs associated with duplication of equipment that controls one parameter.