It is known that it is not recommended to introduce sawdust into the soil, especially fresh ones. On such a ground good harvest will not grow. If there is a lot of sawdust, it is not difficult to turn them into a wonderful component for improving the structure of the soil, its air permeability.

In order to bring non-rotted sawdust to the site, they must first be prepared. To do this, you need to stock up on nitrogen-containing mineral fertilizers, for example, urea. Its amount can be calculated if we consider that for each bucket of sawdust, you will need about one handful of dry fertilizer. It is better to take fertilizer in granules, powdery one can clog and form a long-soluble lump.
For the preparation of sawdust, it is convenient to use large two-hundred-liter black plastic garbage bags.

The preparation process is very simple. In an old tank or a large garden bucket, the sawdust is thoroughly mixed with fertilizer in the specified proportion, pre-moistened, and carefully poured into bags. The filled bag is tightly closed and left for at least three weeks. During this time, the sawdust will be saturated with nitrogen and become safe for the soil. It is good if the sawdust needs to be applied in the fall. During the summer, sawdust in bags will not only be saturated with nitrogen, but will also lose their stiffness and prickle.

In both spring and autumn, sawdust is introduced into the soil for digging for any crops. The experience of using sawdust on the beds with potatoes is successful - potatoes give a good harvest of even and clean tubers. However, it must be borne in mind that it is not worth applying nitrogen-containing fertilizers at the end of summer. Especially under fruit plants... This can delay fruit ripening and even fruiting. You can also use sawdust as mulch and insulation, covering the beds garden strawberry, winter garlic and flower beds with wintering flowers

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The use of sawdust in the garden, vegetable garden

They are irreplaceable on our heavy loams. I will tell you about my 10-year experience of using this valuable fertilizer.
We take it from a sawmill near our partnership. Sawdust has a lot useful properties.

Wood sawdust is a valuable fertilizer. It contains a lot of carbon, thanks to which the soil microflora is actively developing - the number of beneficial bacteria increases 2.5 times. In terms of their nutritional properties, sawdust is close to high peat, they are rich in fiber, contain trace elements, lignin, resins, essential oils... True, they must be used together with limescale materials.

High drying capacity of sawdust. One part of them can hold 4-5 parts of water. With the help of this technique, it is not difficult to significantly reduce the damage from flooding, to prevent flooding of the beds. We dug ditches with a depth of 40-50 cm around the perimeter of the site, scattered the excavated soil over the site and leveled it, and periodically we put sawdust in the ditches, sprinkling them with lime. After 3-4 years, humus is formed from them, which we distribute over the beds. In the spring, we fill any damp low-lying places with sawdust so that you can walk everywhere and start excavation work earlier.

Sawdust also "works" against harmful insects. Once the season was favorable for the Colorado potato beetle. But after making fresh sawdust in the aisles, the number of larvae began to decrease before our eyes. Fresh sawdust emit resinous substances that repel the pest. But over the summer, you have to renew the sawdust in the interhanges 2-3 times. After a year, we change the places of the beds and potato borders.

Sawdust makes an excellent mulch. We mulch with a thick layer from autumn winter garlic and winter crops... In the spring we rake them so that shoots appear faster.

In hot and dry summers, fresh sawdust, due to its light color, reflects the sun's rays well, saving the soil from overheating and excessive evaporation of moisture. We mulch small-seeded crops thin layer, and we try to take smaller sawdust.

We cover them with a layer of raspberry roots 20 cm... Add powdered chalk on top, and then pour it with a urea solution ( 200 g for 10 l of water), because microorganisms developing in sawdust consume a lot of nitrogen. By the fall, the sawdust turns black and their layer becomes thinner, so for the winter we again add this fresh wood mulch, at the same time bringing in 50 g of nitrophoska per 1 m2. No digging or loosening is needed at all.

Thanks to sawdust, raspberries do not get sick and grow in one place more than 10 years... Strawberries also give bountiful harvest under sawdust on the same beds for 13 years. We lay out sawdust on the beds twice: in the spring and after cutting the leaves. Each time we pre-scatter the ground eggshell and ash, and then sprinkle the ground with fresh sawdust. After heavy rains, we feed the strawberries with complex mineral fertilizers(50 g / m2).

Sawdust is an excellent loosening material that improves soil structure and physical properties. They do not contain weed seeds, unlike manure, and they also slowly evaporate moisture. Even if weeds make their way through a thick layer of mulch, it is easy to pull them out of the loose soil.

Every year we add sawdust to plastic greenhouses to loosen the soil. Pre-moisten them with a mullein (3 kg per 10 liters of water). This solution is sufficient to moisten 3 buckets of sawdust. In the fall, we scatter the lime material, and we embed the sawdust into the soil 2 weeks before planting the seedlings of cucumbers and tomatoes.

We use fresh sawdust as a component in nutritional mixtures adding 20% ​​of the total substrate volume. We put sawdust even in the peat nutrient mixture "Kid" and "Gardener". Such soil does not need loosening and frequent watering. We enrich compost with sawdust. Then the organic content in it reaches 40%.

We put the sawdust in a pile, interlayering with plant residues, garden soil, add a little lime. If the sawdust is spruce, increase the dose of lime to 500 g per bucket. In the summer, we water the stack with water and a solution of complex mineral fertilizers.

To accelerate the maturation of the compost, we also put microbiological preparations Flumb K or Flumb super. In this case, the compost is ready in one season. We don't even shovel him. In terms of quality, it is not inferior to manure.

Vera Sinitsyn

• Scarce information is given in books for gardeners about sawdust. It is only said that they acidify the soil. So summer residents are afraid to use sawdust. And in vain!

Many do not know about the beneficial properties of sawdust, using them on their site only as mulch or insulation material. But with certain processing, sawdust can be used as fertilizer. Rather, as a basis for an organic nutritional complex. The best way to process them - pass them through compost. This will help later to use them to enrich the land with nutritious organic matter, and for pre-winter hilling of heat-loving plants.

Sawdust as fertilizer

It is categorically impossible to introduce clean sawdust as fertilizer! This is the most common mistake a gardener can make. Wastes from the woodworking industry of small and medium fractions, introduced into the soil in a raw form, greatly impoverish it, binding not only manure, but also part of the phosphorus contained in it.

If you follow the theory recommending the use of sawdust as fertilizer, then they need to be applied in the fall. They say, they will perepryat during the winter, and by spring they will turn into a nutrient. But for the normal course of the decay process, high temperatures are necessary, which are not observed in winter. Accordingly, the decay process is inhibited. In the spring, sawdust on garden plot thaw whole and unharmed, only well wet. This happens not only because the soil freezes, but also because wood waste contains a lot of phenolic resins, which are preservatives.

Wood, in itself, is not a fertilizer, it contains only 1-2% nitrogen, the rest is ballast substances, such as cellulose, hemicellulose and lingin, which form the trunk of the plant and serve as conductors of nutrients dissolved in the liquid. However, when it lies down, various microorganisms settle on the surface, which saturate the wood with useful substances. If the sawdust lies for 2-3 years in one place in the garden, they begin to turn black - this is a sign of the formation of humus. This process can be accelerated by placing the wood in compost, where it is processed and enriched with various nutrients.

Compost enriched with sawdust ripens faster as they help build up and maintain in the heap high fever... In the spring, this pile heats up rather than the traditional humus. The resulting substrate is usually looser, more breathable, and nutritious. Its use helps to more effectively fertilize the soil with sawdust.

How to compost sawdust

It is best to lay the pile at the beginning of summer, when there is already material for composting, and there is still time for this substrate to overheat. Sawdust compost is prepared from the following ingredients:

Wood sawdust - 200 kg;

Urea -2.5 kg;

Water - 50 l;

Ash -10 l;

Grass, leaves, household waste - 100 kg.

The urea is dissolved in water, and the "cake", consisting of layers of wood shavings, grass, and ash, is spilled with this solution.

Another Sawdust Compost Recipe Includes More Organic, and is used for plants requiring significant doses of nitrogen. You can prepare it like this:

Oak sawdust - 200 kg;

Cow dung - 50 kg;

Mowed grass - 100 kg;

Food waste, any faeces - 30 kg;

Humates - 1 drop per 100 liters of water.

Fertilizing the soil with sawdust in fresh is also sometimes used, but with the obligatory enrichment of them with mineral fertilizers, otherwise wood waste will "suck" all the useful substances from the ground. Recommended the following proportions for mixing:

Wood sawdust - bucket (conifers are not recommended for direct application);

Ammonium nitrate - 40 g;

Simple granular superphosphate - 30 g;

Slaked lime - 120 g;

Calcium chloride - 10 g.

The resulting mixture is introduced during digging, under crops that need loose soil, at the rate of 2-3 buckets per 1 sq.

Sawdust mulching

The use of small shavings as mulch has long been practiced by domestic gardeners. Many gardeners use this method of cultivating the surface of the land in the country to suppress weeds, conserve moisture and improve the structure of the soil.

Very often the passages between the beds are covered with sawdust, thus preventing weeds from germinating. Also, this substrate is used for potatoes, after high hilling, sprinkling with it the formed furrows. This layer keeps the soil moist between the rows, which has a positive effect on the yield. Moisture is well retained under the sawdust, and the soil does not overheat, which creates optimal conditions for potatoes.

Cucumbers are very often grown using wood chips small fractions. Coniferous sawdust is used not only for composted soil fertilization, but also as biofuel. They are laid in the foundation high beds, and well watered with slurry. Then the bed is built up with earth, and the heat source, which is created by wood waste, which is abundant with manure, warms it up qualitatively throughout the season.

Raspberries are another fan of sawdust mulching. They help this shrub retain moisture at the roots, which allows it to increase the number of berries during fruiting, and improve them. taste qualities... Thanks to this method, raspberries can grow in one place for up to 10 years, since its root system does not dry out, and, accordingly, does not degrade.

Almost all plants can be mulched with sawdust, subject to additional nitrogen fertilization. Indeed, even covering the soil superficially, wood shavings draw out useful nutrients from it quite strongly. But at the same time, she creates comfortable conditions, which allow plants to grow and develop better, therefore, there are much more advantages from mulching with sawdust than disadvantages.

Video: mulching beds with sawdust using the example of strawberries

Sawdust as a loosening agent for soil

Why do many gardeners, despite their low nutritional value, still use sawdust in their gardens as fertilizer? They are inexpensive and easy to transport substrates with high volume and low weight. But, since it takes time to process them into nutrient-rich organic matter, they often use fresh sawdust to loosen the soil. They are brought in by:

In greenhouses, when preparing a potting mix for cucumbers and tomatoes, after mixing with a mullein (3 buckets of sawdust, 3 kg of rotted cow dung and 10 liters of water).

Over-matured sawdust can be added when digging the soil in the garden. It will become loose, and there will be no need for frequent watering, and in the spring such soil will thaw faster.

This woody substrate can be dug into the aisles when planting vegetables with a long growing season. This will enable the roots of plants to use the space between the rows, under the thickness of the trampled earth.

Sawdust as a covering material

Residues from wood processing in the garden are used not only as fertilizers and mulch. Also sawdust is in demand as a covering material. They are used in different ways. For example, stuffed into bags and covered with roots and shoots of plants. Such a shelter is considered the most reliable.

In roses, grapes and clematis, which are left in the beds, the vines bent to the ground are protected by covering them with a layer of sawdust along the entire length. So that they do not have time to start under the covering substrate field mice, it is necessary to add it in late autumn, just before the frosts, otherwise the rodents will spoil all the plants during the winter. It would be even better to make an air-dry shelter above the wintering shoots. To do this, hammer together a frame of boards in the form of an inverted box, and cover it with sawdust on top, then put a plastic wrap, and put a layer of earth on top. The construction of such a mound gives an almost 100% guarantee of plant protection from any cold weather. Sawdust for insulation must be applied very carefully. If they are used as a "wet" shelter, when the embankment is not protected by anything from water, they get wet and then freeze into an ice ball. Such insulation is suitable only for a small number of plants, the rest under it can rot.

But what the rose is for destruction, it is good for the garlic. It winters well under the "wet" shelter of pine sawdust, since the phenolic resins contained in their composition perfectly protect this plant from pests and diseases.

Large sawdust can be used as a heat insulator by placing them in the base of the planting pits. They will serve as a barrier to the deep cold when planting southerners such as grapes and flowering vines.

This is interesting: cucumber seedlings in hot sawdust (video)

Many summer residents know about the beneficial properties of sawdust, but they use them on their site only as mulch or as a material for winter insulation shrubs and perennials. But sawdust is an excellent fertilizer. If you know how to use them correctly.

Sawdust is small particles of wood formed during sawing, drilling, grinding. Their size depends on the sawing tool. Chemical composition diverse, depending on the type of wood, but the bulk is cellulose (50%), lignin and hemicellulose. Sawdust conifers contain a lot of resins.

You can get sawdust cheaply and in large quantities at wood processing enterprises, and they are almost everywhere. Wood waste is found in workshops, at home craftsmen, wherever wood processing is carried out. They are often burned or disposed of as trash.

As you know, organic waste, rotting under the influence of moisture and soil bacteria, enrich the soil with nutrients and improve its structure. But many summer residents, having once tried to dig up the ground, pouring sawdust into it, abandon this idea - the harvest decreases, the plants wither. What's the matter?

The fact is that fresh sawdust and sawdust humus are materials that are very different in their effect on the soil.

How does fresh sawdust affect the soil?

In the process of decomposition, sawdust absorbs a lot of nitrogen. They take it from the soil, impoverishing it. They also take phosphorus, but in smaller quantities than nitrogen. And these are elements vital for plants. The very process of their decomposition is rather slow, so soil depletion will continue for some time. Resins contained in sawdust prevent rapid decomposition. In addition, sawdust from many of our tree species, increase the acidity of the soil.

Sawdust absorbs a lot of water, swells and retains it for a long time. If they are spread out in a thick layer on the garden bed, then in a dry summer the soil under them will be too dry, sawdust will take away all the moisture of infrequent rains. On waterlogged soil, they form a crust and will interfere with the normal evaporation of water. In spring, the frozen layer of wet sawdust will delay the thawing of the soil layer.

How do rotted sawdust affect the soil?

Rotten sawdust has a dark brown color, semi-rotted sawdust have a light brown tint. Unlike fresh sawdust, rotted sawdust is good for the soil. They loosen the soil, enrich it with nutrients.

It turns out that the main task- in some way to speed up the process of rotting sawdust in order to obtain valuable fertilizer from the harmful material.

How to accelerate the decay of sawdust?

Piled in a heap, sawdust rotting for several years, in some tree species - up to 10 years. The reason is that moisture and soil bacteria are required for decomposition, and they are not in the sawdust. Even if the heap lies in the open sky, not covered by anything, during the rain, its upper layer absorbs water and forms a crust through which moisture does not seep into the heap.

The bacteria involved in the decomposition of wood debris require a lot of nitrogen to reproduce. The more it is, the more active the process is and the faster the fertilizer useful for the soil will be obtained.

The main goal is to enrich the sawdust with moisture and nitrogen. How to do it?

There are several options. You can simply add urea to a pile of sawdust, cover it with a film to preserve heat, water it regularly with water and stir. But it's troublesome. There is an easier way - to cook from sawdust and other organic matter. Correct organic matter is important.

Sawdust in compost

In order for the process of decaying sawdust to go actively, you need to mix them with other materials containing a lot of nitrogen. It is best to mix them with manure and poultry droppings, and then let them lie down for a year, moisturizing and covering them if necessary so that the nutrients are not washed out.

If there is no manure, then mowed grass, young weeds weeded from the beds, kitchen waste (cleaning, stubs, husks, remnants of ordinary food, bread crumbs) will be a good companion to sawdust. This whole tree contains quite a lot of nitrogen. There is more of it in fresh grass than in fallen leaves, for example. You also need to lay the compost correctly, alternating layers. Sprinkle a layer of wet grass or weeds with sawdust, put kitchen waste on top of them, then grass again, and so on. All this is good to pour with water and cover with foil.

To speed up the process of rotting sawdust, before laying the compost, it is necessary to moisten them well with water, and even better - with slurry or kitchen waste. In addition, it is useful to add ordinary soil from the garden to the sawdust: two or three buckets for one cubic meter of sawdust. In such compost, earthworms and bacteria will rapidly multiply, accelerating the process of wood decay.

Sawdust as a mulching material

For mulching, you can use rotted, semi-rotten, or even fresh sawdust with a layer of 3-5 cm - such mulch will be especially good under bushes, in raspberries and on vegetable ridges. Over-matured and semi-rotted sawdust can be used directly, and fresh sawdust will have to be pre-prepared, if this is not done, then they will take nitrogen from the soil, and therefore from the plants, as a result, the plantings will wither.

The preparation process is relatively simple - you need to put a large film on a free area, then pour 3 buckets of sawdust, 200 g of urea on it in succession and evenly pour a 10-liter watering can of water, then again in the same order: sawdust, urea, water, etc. etc. At the end, close the entire structure hermetically with a film, pressing it down with stones. After two weeks, the nitrogen-enriched sawdust can be safely used.

Many gardeners use sawdust as insulation and mulch for berries, fruit trees, flowers and other thermophilic plants. They don't even know that sawdust has other beneficial properties. it good foundation for the preparation of nutritious organic matter - compost.

In Russia there is a huge length of territory, and the land for cultivation of agricultural crops in the regions is very different from each other. In many places, the use of sawdust to improve the structure of the soil in vegetable gardens and summer cottages in order to increase the yield is an objective necessity. Only this must be done correctly and consciously.

This type of shredded wood waste can not be considered a full-fledged organic fertilizer in every condition. Although, first of all, they improve the mechanical properties of the soil. The fertile layer becomes looser, more airy, and absorbs moisture perfectly. But in order to understand the influence of the smallest particles of wood on other components of the nutrient layer of the soil, it is necessary to know their properties.

The composition of rotted sawmill waste includes fiber, many useful trace elements, essential oils, resins and other essential plant substances. Decomposed particles from sawing logs saturate the soil with carbon, which serves as a breeding ground for beneficial microorganisms. But only correct compost sawdust has such properties.

Since sawdust is the smallest particles of wood or otherwise crushed waste from sawing wood on sawmills, circular saws, gasoline and hand saws- their stocks are created where woodworking workshops, carpentry work, buildings from wood are erected. A lot of them are formed in summer cottages, if construction is underway there. Wood chopped waste in terms of value and set of nutrients is inferior to manure and peat, but you can get great benefits from them due to their availability everywhere. You just need to know how to properly use them.

Pure wood cannot be a fertilizer. It contains a lot of nitrogen (1-2%), cellulose, lignin, resins that deplete the soil, because they bind many useful substances, needed by plants... This situation is caused by the fact that during decomposition in wood particles, countless colonies of microbes, bacteria, fungi are formed, which take useful elements from cultivated plants for their nutrition. This is primarily nitrogen and phosphorus. At the same time, the earth begins to oxidize. Therefore, fresh sawdust should not be introduced into the soil. They will only drain her, but cultivated plants will weaken and perish. But on top of the earth - you can, but in a small layer. Therefore, with sawn waste, they mulch the area near the trunks of fruit trees in orchards, insulate the soil in berry fields in order to preserve heat and moisture in the soil. Mulch made from clean, shredded wood waste under strawberry bushes will protect the berries from rotting and pests.

With sawdust, the fertile layer becomes looser, more airy, perfectly absorbs moisture

True, it is wiser to use this mulching material only until mid-July, when moisture from the soil rapidly evaporates. In this case, by the end of August, only memories will remain from the mulching fresh grains of wood, since due to the vigorous activity of worms and frequent loosening, the crumbs from sawing logs will be well mixed with the ground. If you pour a thick layer of sawdust mulch in July, when it rains every decade, then this layer will interfere with the evaporation of excess moisture from the ground. This fact will negatively affect aging. annual shoots near berry bushes and fruit trees. Their preparation for winter will also become more difficult.

In order for the particles of the log to become a substance useful for plants, one must wait long time until moisture accumulates in them, and microorganisms proliferate, which will saturate the smallest particles of wood with elements necessary for plants. And rain jets practically do not let the waste from small particles from sawn timber into the heap. That is why the crushed wood particles decompose only in the upper layer and at the same time change their color. They start to turn black. This process spreads deep into the depths and after 5-10 years from a heap of small particles of a tree, a good humus is obtained, which has different shades Brown color... There is a fundamental difference between manure and sawdust in the process of humus formation. The manure is re-heated from the inside, and the waste from the sawmill is outside. Therefore, many gardeners do absolutely wrong, stacking small wooden grains in a heap on their plots. They will wait for humus for a very long time.

Moisture and living microflora are two essential ingredients that transform harmful fresh sawdust into valuable organic fertilizer.

By understanding the conditions for the transformation of pure wood into useful organic matter, this process can be greatly accelerated. Beneficial bacteria can be applied by mixing wood grains with fertile soil, mineral and organic fertilizers, and the necessary moisture will be given by abundant watering of the mixture with water from a hose.

It takes a long time for the particles of the log to become a substance useful for plants.

Sawdust compost

There are many recommendations for the preparation of nutrient organics from fresh sawn timber waste as the basis of a nutrient mixture with the addition of various components. Important note: waste should only be taken from environmentally friendly wood. If the sawn-off trunks were stored in stacks before processing, and were treated with various impregnations, then their discarded waste will not give anything other than harm from toxic chemicals. Almost all vegetable, berry, shrub and uncultured plants can be composted in a mixture with sawdust. Exceptions are perennial weed roots, bark and wood, which will take years to finalize. The smallest wood grains are composted easily, quickly enough, with the acquisition of the necessary useful properties. As a result of decomposition, the crumbled wood particles gradually get rid of the harmful properties inherent in the fresh state: slow mineralization and the ability to oxidize the earth.

The process of obtaining organic fertilizer from sawdust with the addition of microflora can be conditionally divided into three periods:

1. Decomposition. During this period, the compost mixture actively begins to release heat, which contributes to a gradual change in the structure of the components of the conglomerate and enrichment with healthy elements. The result of the transformations is as follows: different types beneficial microorganisms: photosynthetic, lactic acid and yeast bacteria, actinomycetes and fermenting fungi. Colonies of earthworms are formed, which significantly accelerate the process of processing organic residues into a nutrient substrate.
2. Humus formation. During this period, the most important factor- Availability a large number oxygen required by microorganisms for active reproduction. This is achieved by mixing the heap by hand, using a shovel or pitchfork.
3. Mineralization. During this period, there is a complete decomposition of organic residues and the humic elements themselves to oxides and salts. It is characterized by a large release of carbon dioxide and ends with the release and transition into accessible forms of mineral nutrition of plants.

Mixing compost

Sawdust compost in 2 weeks

Healthy organics are prepared in two ways: cold or slow; hot or fast. The highest quality, useful, valuable substrate for the nutrition of vegetables and berry bushes obtained with the cold method. But it takes a lot of time. If you want to make compost from sawdust quickly, three main conditions must be met:

1. Prevent heat loss by self-heating. This can be done by placing the mixture in some container: an iron or plastic barrel, wooden box, dense opaque plastic bag. With the hot method of obtaining compost, its volume is limited to several hundred kilograms.
2. Provide good natural aeration. The walls and sides of any container should have slots, holes, holes for natural ventilation.
3. The whole organic material before placing in a container, it must be crushed with an ax, a knife, or a chopper. The size of the chopped up fractions should be no more than 10-15 cm.

But there are several more prerequisites for the development of organic matter for the nutrition of vegetables to go quickly:

• it is desirable that the compost mixture is in the sun;
• the container must be protected from being blown by winds (to avoid heat loss);
• all organic components must be divided into two fractions: wet and green (foliage, chopped tops and weeds, waste from vegetables and fruits, etc.) and coarse and dry - wood chips, waste from working with sawn timber (shavings, branches, etc.) ;
• compost heap in a container should be laid out in layers of 10-15 cm:
• bottom drainage layer of leaves, crushed dry grass;
• the second layer - sawdust mixed with coarse and dry fraction, moistened with a solution of urea or liquid mullein;
• third layer - mixed wet and green fraction with manure;
• the fourth layer is soil from a garden or forest;
• the fifth layer of chopped straw or hay;
• then the alternation of layers should begin again, starting with wood chopped waste.

Dry fractions are wetted with water. Optimal height containers for quick production of nutritious organic matter from sawdust - about 1 meter. The base area must be at least 1 sq. meters. The container is closed from above with a dense opaque material. If the heap is formed correctly, reheating will begin in 3-4 days. This should be facilitated by the flow of oxygen through the cracks and the required moisture content of the layers. Every three days, the heap needs to be shoveled and in two weeks you should get a rotted conglomerate of wood chips, which can be used to mulch the beds with vegetables. Important note: shoveling must be thorough so that the mixture is mixed evenly. It is normal for the formula to warm up and cool down from time to time.

The compost mixture must be in direct sunlight

The compost heap in the container should be laid out in layers of 10-15 cm

All organic components must be divided into two fractions: wet and green

There should be no smell from the container with nutritious organic matter. If they appear, it means that something is wrong in the process of overheating.

When the smell of ammonia begins to appear, there is an excess of nitrogen components in the heap (adding a small amount of shredded paper will correct the situation). If there is a smell of rotten eggs, the layers have become denser, they do not have enough oxygen (it is necessary to loosen the compost mass).

Nutrient organic matter from sawdust helps the soil absorb harmful chemical substances(herbicides, pesticides, excess fertilizers and other chemicals). This prevents the accumulation of nitrates, heavy metals, corned beef and other harmful to human body substances.

Fresh crumbs from sawing wood products are used in saline soils for their health improvement. This type of wood waste is quite effective in the fight against negative consequences from the introduction of excessive doses of mineral fertilizers.

Fresh crumbs from sawing wood products are used in saline soils for their health improvement.

Experts advise poor lands to be fed with sawdust compost for 3-4 years in a row, and fertile lands for 1-2 years. The effectiveness of sawdust soil fertilizer lasts for 4-5 years and is comparable in this indicator to cow dung.

In greenhouses

For greenhouses, both fresh small grains from sawing trunks and any compost based on them are suitable. In the spring, a week before planting the seedlings, a layer of fresh chopped tree particles up to 25 cm thick is scattered over the greenhouse.Then, mineral fertilizers are evenly scattered from above at the rate of 1 sq. meter:

• birch or other wood ash - 300 grams;
• ammonium nitrate - 250 grams;
• double superphosphate - 200 grams;
• potassium sulfate - 120 grams.

Ash

Saltpeter

Superphosphate

Potassium sulphate

A layer of waste from the operation of the sawmill and mineral fertilizers is well spilled with water at room temperature (20-25 degrees). If applicable organic fertilizers, then their usual dose is increased. For slurry three times, for chicken manure solution - two times. After spilling the sawdust, they are mixed. This work must be done at least a month before planting the seedlings.

Greenhouse cucumbers grown on shredded wood particles, every week, starting from the growth of seedlings to the beginning of the collection of finished products, must be fed nitrogen fertilizers, and during the fruiting period - with complex fertilizer. In greenhouses, every year you need to add a new portion of fresh sawdust to the ground (if there are no pathogens in the soil).

Onions, seedlings of cucumbers, zucchini, squash, pumpkins, watermelons and melons are grown on fresh, disinfected with boiling water, wood crushed waste. On a nutritional basis, seedlings of other vegetables are grown from sawdust.

Sawdust in the garden

Experienced potato growers use semi-matured sawdust to grow early potatoes. To do this, a layer of particles of chopped sawn timber with a height of about 10 cm is lined in boxes prepared in advance. Then sprouted tubers are laid out on it. From above they are covered with sawdust with a layer of about 3 cm. The substrate is maintained in a moderately moist state at an indoor temperature of about 20 degrees. When the length of the shoots increases to 6-8 cm, wood crumbs together with potatoes are watered with a urea solution. Tubers, together with sawdust, are planted in holes and covered with earth. It's a good idea to take care of heating the earth in advance by covering it plastic wrap black color. The planted potatoes are covered with straw, hay or non-woven fabrics to prevent any possible drop in night temperatures. Early planted potatoes with good care will give early harvest young potatoes.

Waste wood is used in the garden in different ways - as mulch, in compost. How useful is it to use sawdust as a fertilizer, what nutrients the wood contains, in what form it is better to add to the soil for digging - the main questions of novice gardeners.

If there is wood waste, they are used to decorate the site - sprinkle paths in the garden, flower beds. If the beds are located in the lowland, then with the help of shavings they can be raised.

Sawdust properties

The use of sawdust in the garden in autumn protects the roots of berry bushes from freezing. The fact is that their root system is superficial, located in the ground no deeper than 30 cm, therefore, in cold climates, raspberries and gooseberries freeze out easily.

For this purpose, you can use fresh shavings, after sprinkling it with lime or any other alkali. This is done so that the wood does not take useful nutrients from the soil, especially nitrogen.

The fine wood fraction helps to improve the physical characteristics of the soil, especially clay or loamy soil. When introduced into the ground by digging sawdust in the garden and garden, they are used as a baking powder. As a result, more oxygen is supplied to the roots, the plants breathe and develop better.

The method of using sawdust in the country as a sponge for water has proven itself well. The water entering the ground is retained by the wood, and the plants do not dry out in summer. If you mulch the soil and roots with sawdust after watering trees and shrubs in the fall, then the water lingers in the ground longer, the plants are provided with moisture for the entire cold period.

In terms of chemical indicators, rotted or composted wood residues are more useful. They contain the main nutrients - nitrogen, potassium, phosphorus and calcium, have a neutral reaction and do not affect the acidity of the soil.

Small wood chips in the ground - benefit or harm

Not all plants love acidic soil, but only rhododendrons, azaleas, conifers, hydrangeas. For example, if you add to a potato garden 10 - 15 kg of fresh sawdust, then there will be no harvest at all.

Video: Sawdust for a large harvest

Potatoes are a nitrogen lover, and sawdust mineralizes fertilizer and prevents plants from getting it. When using sawdust as fertilizer for potatoes, there will be no harvest for several years in a row. The same thing happens with tomatoes, cucumbers and other plants. This is a minus, but there is a solution - to neutralize the acid with alkalis:

• ash;

• calcium nitrate;

• dolomite flour;

• chalk or lime.

Thus, fresh shavings can be completely neutralized, so the question of benefit or harm when using sawdust in the garden remains open.

Mulching the soil with wood chips prevents weeds from growing, as it blocks the sunlight. There is a secret here on how to use sawdust as mulch on summer cottage and prepare them for application to the soil:

• Take a bucket of shavings and sprinkle on film.

• Sprinkle on top 200 g of urea.

• Fill a bucket of water cover and leave to ripen 2 weeks.

This is done with fresh shavings. You do not need to pickle overripe ones. Next, mix the resulting substrate with ash or other alkali and apply under the roots. This sawdust mulch will not harm the plants.

Application of shavings as fertilizer

Prepared wood shavings are already a good top dressing in themselves. But there is a way how you can use fresh sawdust in the garden as fertilizer - to build a compost heap and lay them for decay.

In compost

Methods for making sawdust compost lots of:

• Manure is expensive if you don't have your own animals. Therefore, it is possible to increase the amount of raw materials based on manure with the help of wood residues. Since both components are nitrogen-containing, dry leaves, hay, and straw are added to the compost so that it is evenly saturated with air and ripens faster.

On cubic meter waste wood must be added a centner of manure. The mixture matures over the course of a year. If you need to make compost from sawdust quickly, then use biological accelerators - bacteria.

• Urea or bird droppings can be used instead of manure. V summer time the heap is covered with a film on top so that precipitation does not fall and does not wash out nutrients. water as it dries to maintain the same level of humidity, at which bacteria have the ability to actively process organic matter.

• Kitchen waste can be added instead of manure. It is especially important in autumn, when people preserve and eat vegetable peelings, rotten fruits, greens. Add 10 kg per centner of waste wood ash, 2.5 kg of carbamide, 2 quintals of shavings, 5 buckets of water.

• You can compost sawdust with mineral fertilizers - potassium sulfate, superphosphate, ammonium nitrate and lime. A bucket of shavings contains 30 g of phosphate, 40 g of nitrate, 120 g of slaked lime. After ripening, fertilizer is applied in 3 buckets per square meter.

The main condition for rapid maturation is regular shoveling of the substrate. Compost is produced by aerobic bacteria that require air. The more it gets inside, the faster the microorganisms will multiply and the sooner they will process the raw materials. It is customary to stir the mixture every 2 weeks.

As mulch

Sawdust is used in the garden for mulching strawberries. This prevents the berries from rotting, especially in rainy weather. Ripening strawberries do not fall on the ground, so they are harvested clean and undamaged.

If you mix fresh manure with fresh shavings and cover the roots, you can avoid spring frosts. In such a mixture, earthworms quickly start and accelerate decay.

Eukaryotes eat organic matter and release coprolites into the soil - waste products that enrich the soil with humic acids. The harvest of berries with such feeding will be 2 times more.

If sawdust is used as a mulching fertilizer, then rotted shavings are added to the rotted manure, and fresh wood is added to the fresh manure.

Seeds germinate in wet shavings, but they must be quickly transplanted into the ground, because the wood will not provide them with nutrients and the plants will die. In humus, seedlings can exist subject to the addition of superphosphate, nitrogen and potassium.

Coniferous sawdust and litter

Coniferous waste is not as nutritious as deciduous shavings, but it is quite suitable for restoring soil aeration. The method for preparing coniferous sawdust is the same as for all other types of wood.

In order not to waste time and effort, coniferous litter or shavings can simply be scattered on the site layer 3 - 5 cm and leave for the winter. Wood restrains moisture loss, so soil microflora will actively develop in a humid environment.

This will attract earthworms - they will gradually process the mulch layer and loosen the soil surface. It will be much easier to plant something on such a site in the spring.

Considering that coniferous plant residues on their own rot very badly, they are kept in the air for some time before being stored in a compost heap - on average 1 year.

Birch shavings

An interesting suggestion is where to use birch sawdust as fertilizer in the country: fill them with large plastic bags, make holes and populate the spores of mushrooms - honey agarics or oyster mushrooms. The fact is that the mycelium of these mushrooms only loves the substrate of deciduous trees, quickly assimilates the environment, and the mushrooms grow faster.

Mycelium shavings must be fresh and free of mold. It is pre-boiled for 2 hours, then dried and the mycelium can be colonized. It is important to keep an eye on moisture - if there is too much water in the bags, mold can grow. Humidity is checked by squeezing in the hand: if a couple of drops of water are released, then it is optimal for disembarkation.

In order for the mycelium to breathe, it is imperative to make holes in the film, otherwise the mycelium will die without air.

Using sawdust in the greenhouse

Most summer residents use shavings to heat the greenhouse. If you mix it with manure, the combustion process will begin, and warm air masses will warm the seedlings in the spring before the onset of warm weather. Lay the mixture under the top layer of soil or between the rows.

Fertilize from sawdust in the following way:

• In autumn, a layer of dry foliage, straw and green grass is placed in the greenhouse.

• In the spring, manure mixed with shavings is placed on top of the semi-rotten layer. Both layers are mixed.

• Next on top is another layer of straw.

• A layer of soil mixed with ash and mineral fertilizers.

Under the ground, the wood decays faster, because microorganisms from leaves and straw spread to the shavings. The process is helped by earthworms attracted by the smell of manure. By next year, this whole plant-based hamburger will be nutritious humus.

For cucumbers and tomatoes, sawdust treated with urea, superphosphate and potassium sulfate is a rich source of nutrition. The shavings infused with an aqueous solution are used for digging with the topsoil. It is better if the wood is left in the air for about a year. It is also possible to grow seedlings in such a substrate, but it is pre-mixed with the soil.

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