To date wooden houses made from laminated logs are very popular. And this is understandable, because they are beautiful, durable and environmentally safe. In this article, we will look at how to assemble a house from timber with your own hands so that you don’t have to regret the work done later. In particular, we will understand what kind of optimal sequence works, as well as what is important to consider when building such a house.
However, before you start, it’s probably worth first getting acquainted with what such a material as laminated logs is.
Material overview
Essentially, these are boards glued together special technology. But there is important point- for the manufacture of of this material Only (!) high-quality boards (lamellas) treated with antiseptics are used, from the surface of which bark and other elements that can cause the process of wood rotting are completely removed.
Plus, a log of this type initially has an optimal level of humidity, so the product is ready for use immediately and does not dry out after the construction of the house is completed. And accordingly, due to this, the house practically does not shrink, and the logs in the walls do not deform.
A house made of this material requires a minimum of finishing, lasts a long time and looks great.
It is worth noting separately that it is quite easy to build a house from timber with your own hands - if you have the desire.
As for the shortcomings, there are only a couple of points to highlight:
- Relatively high cost of material;
- Poor quality implementation of the project - it’s definitely not worth skimping on the professionalism of designers and installers.
Please also note that do-it-yourself timber house projects include such a factor as binding interior spaces and the surrounding area to a “natural” design style.
That is, if you built wooden house, then you will agree that the hi-tech style in the rooms and many glass elements, for example, in the courtyard will not go well with wooden walls.
Therefore, you need to think through the entire concept of the project in advance, and if your own knowledge is not enough, then be sure to consult a professional designer.
So that later the house does not look ridiculous.
In principle, we have become familiar with the material and its features, and now we can begin the construction process.
So, where do you start building wooden houses from timber with your own hands - brief instructions.
Home design
This is very important stage, since it depends on how correctly the drawings were made and everything was produced necessary calculations– literally everything depends.
Firstly, based on the project data, the necessary material is purchased. If you calculate everything with errors, you will either buy too much or, on the contrary, buy too little. Both options are unprofitable, since in the first case you will overpay for things you don’t need, and in the second situation you will once again pay for delivery and also overpay for the material, because wholesale is always cheaper.
Secondly, the quality and durability of the house in the future depends on how well the project is executed. And for these factors to be at their best, you need to take into account a lot of nuances. And to do this, naturally, you need to have a lot of knowledge.
But this does not mean that you cannot make house projects from timber with your own hands - it is quite possible, but for this you will need at least minimum set knowledge in construction and, of course, the ability to work in relevant computer programs. If you don’t have construction skills, then perhaps it makes sense to order a project from a specialist - it will be more reliable and faster.
Because you need to think through the following important points:
- Foundation. Here you need to understand the features wooden houses, in the types of soils and which materials are optimal to use in a given situation.
- Installation of floor beams. This is a very important point, since it is important to be able to correctly take into account not only the location, but also the load that will subsequently fall on the logs.
- Floor plan of the house. This is an incredibly important stage, because it is necessary to calculate the dimensions, weight and compatibility of all elements of the future structure.
Please also note that the configuration of the house determines which timber to order.
This means that it is important to understand what types of connections there are, their features, etc.
The company that makes the material can, of course, provide advice, but it is better not to place an order without knowledge of the subject - at least consult with an independent specialist.
It will not cost much, but you will order exactly what is really needed for construction.
- Scheme rafter system Houses. This is also an important stage - not only does everything need to be done securely, but also in such a way that there are no leaks.
As you can see, designing a house made of timber with your own hands is very simple matter is not and knowledge in this matter is really needed. If, of course, you want to end up with a high-quality (and safe!) home.
We've sorted out the design, now we can consider the stages of the work itself.
Construction of a house
It is worth noting that the order and principle of work are indicated for general cases - that is, simply put, it is optimal for standard situations. If your specific project has any specific features, there may be deviations from the instructions below.
But in general, houses made of laminated veneer lumber are built with your own hands approximately as described below.
Let's start construction from the foundation of the house.
Foundation
In most cases, a particularly strong foundation is not required, since standard house, which is made of laminated veneer lumber, does not have much weight. But this does not mean that you can save a lot on the quality of concrete and the foundation in general - a minimum margin of safety is needed in any case.
Standard single storey or two-storey house timber can be “placed” on the following types of foundation:
- To columnar. It is best to do it when there is soil displacement, flooding of the territory, or when the house is placed on a site with a slope.
- On a slab. Essentially, such a foundation is monolithic slab, which is done when you need to make the strongest possible foundation for a building. The main features of such a foundation are high reliability and durability, and the fact that the price of such a project is quite high, since a considerable amount of concrete and reinforcement will be needed.
- On the tape. This is the most best option in standard cases, since everything turns out quite reliably and not too expensive.
Walls
This is exactly the fastest stage. Provided that the project is done correctly, the timber is ordered exactly what is needed (that is, with pre-cut cavities and protrusions for all connections) and there are assistants, everything will indeed go very quickly.
The principle here is quite simple.
The timber is laid around the perimeter, temporarily fastened together with nails, then holes are drilled for the dowels (special fasteners for laminated veneer lumber), after which everything is thoroughly fastened, the horizontal level of the logs is checked, and then each subsequent row is laid in the same way.
In principle, that’s all - all that remains is to make the roof (it is done according to the same principle as for ordinary houses), carry out finishing and it turns out that the house is made from laminated veneer lumber with your own hands and is ready for use.
Let's summarize.
Conclusion
We have looked at the order in which houses made of laminated veneer lumber are built and what is important to take into account. We hope that the instructions will be useful to you in practice. And if you want to know more, then in the video presented in this article you will find Additional information on this topic.
Classic or extravagant house designs made from timber attract those who seek self-expression through furnished housing. Glued laminated timber is not just a favorite of the season. This is a worthy champion among natural materials, combining beneficial features wood and reliability durable design. We don’t argue that building a house according to the rules is difficult and labor-intensive. But how comfortable it is to live in such a house!
Glued laminated timber - COOL WOOD of our century
ABOUT remarkable properties Glued laminated wood has been known for a long time, so the appearance on the lumber market of timber glued together from several pieces of wood meant a new era in the use of wood.
Judging by the reviews, laminated veneer lumber does not have those significant disadvantages inherent ordinary timber or whole logs. It's about about wood shrinkage - shrinkage of a house made of laminated timber is less than 1%, which practically eliminates the time for settling wooden log house. This amazing result was achieved by improving timber production technology.
Today, building a house from laminated veneer lumber means building an environmentally healthy and durable structure. And if you entrust the house project to DDM-Stroy, and they not only create projects, but also produce high-quality laminated veneer lumber, you will end up with a wonderful house. Naturally, in order to qualify for the COOL WOOD title, the timber has to satisfy high requirements consumer standards. It is difficult to fit into the standards of DSTU 2.6-151:2010 and quality certificates of conformity in the lumber market. What is the reason for success and popular recognition?
Construction of houses from timber: selecting wood
When building from timber, a material is required that provides stable geometric parameters. It is desirable that the material does not have obvious wood defects: cracks, bends, knots and wingedness. Of course, I want the wood to be less susceptible to rotting and releasing resinous efflorescence.
Glued laminated timber does not have such disadvantages. Moreover, this lumber without additional processing wood has good fire resistance (above class 2). The load-bearing load of beams and rafter systems made of laminated veneer lumber is substantial, which makes it possible to create and erect floor beams for large spans.
Small sauna or country house— 100x100 mm
Medium size houses - 150x150 mm
Large house or cottage - 200x200 mm.
A correctly selected beam profile ensures uniform loading of a large cross-section beam, which facilitates the *assembly of a house made of laminated veneer lumber.
the secret of the laminated timber profile
In finished houses made of laminated veneer lumber, the walls look monolithic surface, not requiring any additional finishing. Thermal insulation properties walls can be compared to brickwork 60 cm thick, so there is simply no need for insulation.
The lumber profile can look like this:
D-shaped
Rectangular
Modern laminated veneer lumber has a smooth furniture surface. The configuration of the beam is as follows: on top there is a trapezoidal ridge, on the bottom there is a groove mirrored in shape. The groove and ridge fix the beam in the wall rigidly relative to the adjacent beams, above and below.
Before you buy laminated veneer lumber, you need to make a calculation necessary materials finished house.
calculation of materials
Calculation of laminated veneer lumber on line designed to determine the required volume and quantity of lumber, as well as crowns, inter-crown insulation, dowels and the cost of antifungal impregnation.
As a result of the calculation, the following data will be obtained:
Volume of timber and estimated quantity of lumber (m3)
Wall area outside(m2)
Weight of laminated timber excluding insulation (kg)
The number of beams in the wall according to the height of the walls and the size of the material used (rows)
Insulation volume for all crowns (m)
Number and diameter of dowels installed in 1.5 m increments
Volumetric quantity of double-sided impregnation (l)
Approximate percentage of shrinkage after a year at an initial humidity of 20%
Load on the foundation excluding the weight of the floors and roof (kg/cm2).
Based on the data obtained, you can assess the readiness for assembling a finished house.
How to assemble a house from laminated veneer lumber with your own hands
House assembly consists of the following construction stages:
Choice suitable project with location reference
Calculation and construction of the foundation
Wooden box installation
Erection of the roof
Laying utilities
Exterior finishing.
Let us remind you that the standard house design and subsequent assembly assume the following:
Pile and strip foundation
The wooden part of the box made of profiled laminated timber with a specific section (160x160 mm), rafter system and ceiling, joists and subfloor
Roofing, for example made of metal tiles or other roofing material with recalculation
Electrical wiring
Finishing interior finishing from lining and floor boards
Sanding, painting and fire protection
Installation of windows and doors.
foundation construction
Houses made of laminated veneer lumber are much lighter than brick houses, so there is no need to build a strong foundation. It will be enough to build a monolithic, pile or strip foundation up to 0.8 m deep.
For example, to build a house with an area of 100 square meters. m will require a strip-monolithic reinforced foundation with dimensions: depth - 1.2 m, thickness 0.5 m and rise 0.4 m with a crushed stone-sand cushion, with vertical and horizontal waterproofing.
According to the calculations carried out, construction will require reinforced slab 150 mm thick, 12 mm reinforcement and M-200 concrete.
building a box at home
To build the frame of a house, profiled laminated laminated timber of the selected profile and class is used, for example premium class three-lamella timber 200x180 mm (dry). If they build ready house made of timber, then the cutting of the box bowls at home is carried out by the manufacturer.
All you have to do is carefully assemble the crown after the crown and tie it along the internal and external walls with the installation of a backing board.
After building the frame of the house, they begin to install the rafter system, ceiling and subfloor.
installation of the rafter system and construction of the roof
After installing the rafter system of the house ( rafter leg, beams, linings and sheathing) antisepticize all wooden surfaces bioprotective solution. Then proceed to roofing work, including installation of insulation, vapor and waterproofing, and, if necessary, an interfloor vapor barrier.
To construct the roof of a house from timber, you can use bitumen shingles, metal tiles. It is recommended to carry out thermal and noise insulation using ROCKWOOL 200mm mineral wool. At this stage, the overhangs are hemmed, plastic or metal is installed drainage system and snow holders.
But the process of assembling a house does not end there. Ahead lies the installation of a subfloor, interior finishing, sanding and painting, installation of doors and windows.
More detailed information The assembly process is presented in the video.
A special charm wood construction represents for non-professionals. That is, home craftsmen, setting out to build own house, they can easily do it with their own hands. Instructions for assembling a house from laminated veneer lumber are attached in any case - whether the customer buys finished log house or house kit.
Documentation
You need to start with a design estimate and general documentation, because the building will be confined to the region, have a street and a number, and, therefore, must be documented with all responsibility. In addition, without the appropriate papers, connecting communications will not happen. It is important to think about this at the idea stage and take the time to visit different offices.
An exception can be made only for a house made of laminated timber, the assembly of which will take place on an old foundation. And then in the passport of the new building you should indicate the distinctive data - layout, total area And so on.
Then it would be a good idea to start preparing the site. In this case, you cannot limit yourself to uprooting unnecessary vegetation. In addition, it is worth taking care of the place for storing the material - it should be fenced, stand in a dry place, sheltered from natural precipitation and well ventilated.
Otherwise, damage to the wood is inevitable. The area must also be leveled. A prefabricated house made of laminated veneer lumber does not require the efforts of special equipment, so there is no need to expand the entrance for large vehicles; it is enough for a car with materials to enter the site.
Foundation
You can install the support for your home yourself. However, before doing this, you definitely need to consult about the quality of the soil and its characteristics. Perhaps the region has severe ground freezing, or there is a seismological hazard.
Swampy areas will also require special attention. The choice of foundation for such objects as prefabricated houses, laminated veneer lumber or other wood, must be taken with full responsibility, otherwise negligence is fraught with damage during shrinkage, or even complete destruction of the building.
Low-depth tape options are popular, allowing you to set the crowns after a short exposure and vary the directions according to the plan. How it's done:
- A ditch is dug according to the design to the desired width and freezing depth.
- The walls are leveled, crushed stone, sand and other natural “filters” are poured onto the bottom.
- Formwork made from construction waste is displayed - cutting boards, boards, slabs.
- Then the inside is reinforced with a rod with a cross-section of 2-5 cm, Special attention focuses on transitions and corner connections.
- If you wish, before the assembly of laminated timber houses reaches full capacity, you can make the foundation insulated. For this purpose, sheets of polystyrene foam or polystyrene are used. They are laid out on the walls, secured and then poured cement mixture, having previously made entrances for sewerage and water supply.
It is important that the work of pouring the composition should be carried out in cool weather, otherwise there is a risk of cracking the surface. If no different air temperature is expected, you should spill the prepared area with water several times.
After the formwork is removed - this will happen no earlier than 3 weeks later - you can begin installing the first crown and covering the subfloor:
With some experience working with wood, all the main stages of construction go quickly enough, of course, if the team has at least three people. If, after reading the instructions described above, the owners do not want to deal with difficulties, they can be avoided by ordering a “constructor” from the company. In this case, the assembly of a house kit from laminated veneer lumber will take place even faster, because the material will actually come in the form of a construction kit - this is the main purpose of this type of construction.
Rafter system and roofing
The most important systems in building a house.
The roof plays a decisive role in the design of the entire log house - it connects the crowns, so it must withstand all the power physical activity and properties wooden elements, such as torsion, bending, compression and others.
In addition, we must not forget about the load from precipitation and wind.
It will take a long time until the chosen covering material can be laid.
Rafters should be installed carefully - there are many ways to do this, there are no easy ones.
Important: nails and self-tapping screws cannot be used to fasten rafters, only staples, clamps and thick steel wire.
The solution to such an issue as laminated veneer lumber - assembling a house - is within the power of the average family, where there are purposeful men who have set themselves the task of providing their household with environmentally friendly housing.
For a real man, building a house with your own hands is a challenge to yourself! This way you can show your true qualities and earn the respect of your loved ones. Is it that difficult? Is it realistic to build a home yourself or is it better to seek the help of professionals? Most experts are confident that assembling houses from laminated veneer lumber is within the capabilities of a good owner. How to do it correctly and what to pay special attention to?
DIY assembly is easy
Timber is a modern and comfortable material. For those who have used it in construction, it is quite obvious that:
- Assembly is quick. It can be produced in 1 month, even without special skills.
- Using a ready-made house kit greatly simplifies the work.
Joining laminated veneer lumber into a finished house is easy if you carry out all the operations exactly, but it will lead to disastrous results if you treat the work lazily.
Which profile is better to choose – German or Finnish?
Before you start building a house, you should decide on the type of profile.
There are two main modifications:
- Finnish;
- German profile.
The Finnish (Scandinavian) profile is a flat surface with a wide tenon at the bottom and a groove at the top. When using it, be sure to use an insulating gasket. The Finnish profile is easier to install.
The German profile (comb) is distinguished by the presence of many spikes. It can be installed without additional thermal insulation, but violation of storage rules on construction site or poor drying can greatly complicate the installation process.
The main thing you should remember is that if the material is of high quality, then there is not much difference when choosing.
House kit made of laminated veneer lumber - what is it?
A house kit is a set of all the necessary elements for building a house. It includes:
- crowns;
- rafters;
- floor beams;
- logs;
- additional parts and components.
By purchasing ready set houses made of laminated veneer lumber, you make the assembly process much easier for yourself:
- Firstly, all elements are precisely calculated and adjusted to each other.
- Secondly, everything required holes will be drilled in advance. This significantly reduces assembly time.
- Thirdly, the elements of the house kit are marked at the factory. All you have to do is install them one by one.
Installation of laminated veneer lumber - main stages of work
The technology for assembling laminated veneer lumber usually includes the following main steps:
- Preparatory. Ends with laying the foundation. For wooden buildings, shallow-depth is more often used. tape version. A layer of waterproofing is laid on the finished base.
- Laying the first crown. It is made on a gasket made from a fire monitor board. Gasket protects lower crown from rotting. After installing the first crown, be sure to level it horizontally.
- Walling. Produced according to the design principle. Tenons and grooves provide reliable fastening timber. To ensure stability of the structure, the crowns are joined using dowels - wooden or metal pins. Pins having a rectangular or round shape, driven into prepared holes.
- Installation of beams interfloor ceilings. It can be done in two ways: cutting into the wall or using metal fasteners.
After the assembly is completed, the roof is installed, as well as the external and internal finishing of the walls.
Photos of bathhouses made of laminated timber
Modern technologies have even penetrated into such a seemingly unshakable area as the construction of wooden houses. Many now prefer, instead of stone and brick buildings, which until recently were in first place in popularity, to build a house from laminated veneer lumber and its analogues.
Before you do right choice, every owner of the future house in which he will have to live must study what is good about this or that material. Why laminated veneer lumber, and not, for example, solid, or ordinary logs? The advantages are as follows:
- A house made from laminated veneer lumber is built much faster than from any other material.
- Due to the fact that shrinkage is practically absent, carry out Finishing work and you can even move in almost immediately after the completion of construction work.
- No unique connection method required additional work for insulation and sealing, moreover, such houses are very economical in terms of heating costs.
- The technology used to produce laminated timber provides several degrees of protection against possible troubles. It includes treating the material with an antiseptic, antibacterial agents and fire retardants. This triple protection significantly reduces the risk of fire, damage by fungi and insects, and also ensures the environmental friendliness of the structure.
- Does not require special work exterior decoration, only periodic treatment with protective varnishes.
- Durability.
- Simplicity and compatibility provide the opportunity to implement projects of any degree of complexity.
There is hardly any other material that has so many positive properties
Flaws
It would be unfair to omit this section. However, it will be much shorter.
- The first thing you have to think about at the design stage is the price. Glued laminated timber is somewhat more expensive than profiled timber.
- The second is the need for periodic processing wooden structures, especially from the outside, in order to extend their service life.
Let's finish here. The remaining shortcomings are not so significant and can be easily solved as they arise to focus attention on them.
How to build a house from laminated timber in 9 steps
During construction, there is a risk of making mistakes, which will then be very difficult, and sometimes impossible, to correct. To avoid this, you need to think through everything down to the smallest detail, starting with documentation and approval in the necessary authorities, and ending with a housewarming party, cheerful and crowded. All this can be done in just 9 steps - the path is not too long, but requires attention and hard work, especially if you decide to build a house from laminated veneer lumber with your own hands.
Step 1: Project
The initial stage, which is one of the most important. It will not only help you do everything correctly and efficiently during the construction process, but also bypass all bureaucratic obstacles. It is much easier to obtain almost all permits at the design level than after the building has already been erected.
However, not everyone has the talent of an architect. What to do in this case? There are four options at once:
- The Internet is full of all kinds of projects for all occasions and you can download them absolutely free. But there are several pitfalls here. And the biggest of them are the discrepancy between the foundation and the type of soil on your site and the difficulty of connecting communications.
- The second method smoothly follows from the first method. Download the project from the Internet, and then modify it in accordance with your conditions.
- The best option is to order the development of a project for a house made of laminated veneer lumber from a construction company, which will then supply you with building materials. Their specialists will offer you a variety of options to choose from finished projects, which we will be happy to make changes to according to your wishes. This is somewhat more expensive, but you will be sure that all the nuances are taken into account.
- If you have any special wishes for your future home, you can order individual project, developed by specialists from the very beginning, but this will cost approximately 30% of the entire construction estimate.
The option of involving a construction company is also good because their legal services will help resolve all issues with the BTI, administration and other bureaucrats.
Step 2: Foundation
Depending on the type of soil on the site where you are going to build your house, and on the design of the house itself, taking into account its area, the location of the rooms and how many floors it will have, pour certain type foundation. We also take into account the fact that laminated veneer lumber is much lighter than some other types building materials, which means that the foundation being poured is not so powerful, which leads to significant savings.
Another positive factor: for the construction of a brick or cinder block house, the foundation is usually poured in the fall, allowed to settle until spring, and only six months later they begin to build the house itself. It is possible and even necessary to work with laminated timber in winter.
Step 3: First crown
Laying the first crown is one of the most crucial moments in building a house. Let's bring step by step instructions how to do it correctly:
- The beam for the first crown should be made of coniferous species tree.
- It is recommended to apply at least three layers of antiseptic to it.
- The first crown is laid only on a perfectly level foundation.
- It is necessary to lay waterproofing material under the timber itself.
- The timber is secured with anchors, pins or metal crutches.
Step 4: Subfloor Joists
At the same time as the first crown, the subfloor logs are installed. If the area of the house is not very large, the logs are fixed to the beam using metal corners. At large area Additional supports should be formed under the logs.
Step 5: Assembling the Box
If construction company, in which you first ordered a project, and then a set of laminated veneer lumber, immediately sawn and shaped to the required dimensions, fulfilled all the conditions and wishes; making the box yourself does not present any difficulties. Each element is already numbered in accordance with its place in the log house, all that remains is to carefully place it in place, not forgetting to place thermal insulation material, if it is provided for by the configuration of the connecting profile.
If you bought an ordinary laminated veneer lumber and are going to do all the work yourself, you will have to choose methods of longitudinal connections (in half a tree, in a paw, on a root tenon), corner connections(on the main tenon, on the insert tenon, in the frying pan, in the bowl). Learn how to cut connecting grooves and think about how to fasten the timber together (with self-tapping screws, dowels).
Installation of timber floors also requires special calculations. If there is an ordinary attic or unused attic above the residential floor, the load on them will be insignificant and the beams can be fastened to a metal support.
If the house is two-story, the floor beams should be installed directly into the timber. The distance from the beams to the heating pipe is also taken into account.
Step 6: Roof
Due to the fact that shrinkage in a house made of laminated veneer lumber is minimal and practically does not play any negative role, rafters can begin to be installed almost immediately after the construction of the box. And then cover the roof with the selected roofing material.
Step 7: Individual Elements
Windows and doors. This is another positive property of houses made of laminated veneer lumber. Pipe for installing door and window openings not required. The casing has more of an aesthetic than a functional meaning.
Final installation and connection of communications. This includes sewerage, water supply and heating.
Installation vertical supports, if they are provided for in the project. Again, due to the slight shrinkage, no difficulties arise here either, but experts still advise using sliding fasteners for them, with the help of which you can subsequently adjust the height of the supports.
Step 8: Interior finishing
Interior decoration is absolutely optional. Glued laminated timber in itself it looks quite aesthetically pleasing, but no one forbids sticking wallpaper or attaching drywall to it. There are only two factors to consider. Interior finishing is a more precise matter, and therefore even such a small shrinkage as in a house made of laminated veneer lumber can have an effect. This is the first. Second: with plaster or gluing decorative tiles It's worth waiting at least 5-6 months.
Step 9: Exterior Finishing
If a house made of laminated veneer lumber does not need interior decoration, then decorating it from the outside is generally somehow strange. It already looks stylish, rich and presentable. However, some scope of work is still necessary and it comes down not only to processing by special means, extending service life. So:
- Caulk the seams (optional).
- Sealing cracks (only if they appear)
- Insulation of door and window openings (an urgent need).
As you can see, the amount of work depends primarily on how well you built your house.
What is the price
It is impossible to name a specific figure in response to this question - there are too many factors that influence it. But it is quite possible to list the factors themselves:
- Dimensions of the building.
- Foundation type.
- Complexity of the project.
- Section of timber.
- Number of floors.
- The presence of a balcony, veranda, attic.
- Roof type and configuration.
- Number and complexity of communications.
- Cost of documents.
- Transport and delivery costs.
- The price of the material itself.
As you noticed, this list does not include costs for construction works and payment construction team. This is because there are more and more self-built houses from laminated veneer lumber. We are confident that you can handle it on your own if you have the desire, hard work and required quantity time.