For carpentry needs, they use quite wide range adhesive materials: various types of PVA adhesives, polyurethane compounds, epoxy resin, contact adhesive, etc. The choice of the most suitable option glue is produced with a focus on the following project features:
- characteristics of the tree itself (oiliness, adhesion level, etc.);
- features of loads that will fall on the seam (including shocks and vibrations);
- the conditions in which the product will be used (humidity, temperature changes, exposure to moisture).
You can talk about the working properties and areas of application of the main types of joinery adhesives.
How to glue wood correctly?
Joiner's adhesives are applied in a thin even layer on both surfaces to be joined. The only exception is the technology of gluing wood with polyurethane glue: in this case, the material is applied to one of the surfaces, and the second is moistened (slightly moistened with water). Applying the composition in excess does not in any way improve the quality of gluing, but only leads to irrational consumption of material and smearing of surfaces with squeezed out excess (by the way, this adds a headache at the finishing stage).
When gluing the tongue-and-groove joint, only the tongue cheeks and the groove walls are lubricated with glue. This gluing method provides the most reliable connection: the joint is glued "tightly" not inferior in strength to the surrounding wood. Applying the composition to the hangers does not improve the quality of the gluing, all that you get in this case is just bleed-through and a waste of time, which is especially valuable with complex multi-piece assembly.
What makes the glue application more effective?
It is important to distribute the glue over the surface of the wood in an even layer, so you should not be limited to simply squeezing the strips out of a bottle or tube. A small, stiff bristled brush is usually used for smearing. But the most effective assistant will be the simplest Toothbrush: Bristles of optimal stiffness will gently and evenly distribute the composition over the surface, providing an optimal adhesive layer.
Do I need to degrease the surfaces and what is the best way to do it?
When gluing wood to wood, there is no need to degrease the surfaces. Although in some cases, for example, when working with oily rocks, this will not be superfluous. In this case, it is advisable to degrease the wood before gluing with white spirit.
When gluing dissimilar elements: wood with plastic, glass and other materials with low adhesion properties, the degreasing process is more important. Degrease only one of the surfaces, wiping it with white spirit.
How tight should the clamps be?
It is important to understand that the strength of the bonding does not depend on the amount of clamping force, but on the quality of surface treatment and their fitting accuracy. It is not necessary to tighten the clamps firmly. Not a large number of glue that has come out is a sure sign that sufficient down pressure has been created.
The use of clamps is not always advisable. If it comes about gluing small crafts, for example, wooden boxes and a box for tightening, you can use tape or masking tape, but, again, provided that the joints fit well.
How long does wood glue dry?
We talked in detail about the working properties of the main types of joinery adhesives in. To what has already been said, we add that heat, dry wood and low air humidity are factors that accelerate the drying process of the adhesive. Cold temperature, high humidity environment and the wood itself, on the contrary, slow down drying.
How to clean the surface of dried glue?
It makes sense to remove the excess glue that has come out from the surface of the tree either while it is completely fresh, or when it has completely hardened. If you rush to sand the damp area of wood, you will most likely get an even bigger aesthetic defect when the fibers deformed by sanding dry out. The hardened glue is cleaned by hand grinding (along the grain) or cut with a chisel.
Before applying decorative finishing check if there are any stains on the product. Otherwise, traces of dried glue will show through under finishing composition... For more effective detection of defects, wipe the surface of the wood with a cloth soaked in white spirit.
Professional tricks for flawless gluing
The tape clamp is an excellent assistant in matters of gluing on the mustache. This clamp evenly distributes pressure to all corner joints, guaranteeing perfect gluing without deformation of corners and other defects. The absence of a tape clamp is not a reason to abandon the perfect gluing of the mustache joints. When gluing large surfaces at home, it is advisable to use a toothed distributor. If desired, it will not be difficult to make it with your own hands, for example, from an unnecessary plastic card. Use masking tape to protect the surface from the squeezed-out adhesive. Plastic covers used as gaskets will prevent unpleasant indentation surprises in the fixing points. Ribbon and quick-clamping clamp will be your assistants when gluing dimensional projects at home.
Main part finishing works indoors - protection of the corner lines of the walls from possible damage. Even after a high-quality repair, wallpaper on the corners, as well as door and window slopes can quickly deteriorate. It is recommended to reinforce the areas subject to wear with PVC corners. Let's consider how you can glue the plastic corner and how to do it.
PVC corners give the renovation a complete look
Plastic corners are trim pieces that can protect outer corners walls from damage. They also play a decorative role, giving the interior integrity and completeness.
Among the many types of corners, PVC products are considered in demand. They are versatile. They trim:
- door, window, arched openings;
- window niches;
- places where the walls are adjacent to the ceiling;
- external and inner corners walls;
- gaps between the wall and the surface of the kitchen unit.
PVC panels are available in white, colored (with different shades and textures) and double-sided. The form is distinguished:
- standard version (equilateral corners to the corners of the walls);
- T-profile;
- L-shaped (arched).
Why do experts advise to glue exactly plastic corners to the wallpaper? PVC corner profiles are different:
- Durability. Products retain their properties for over 25 years.
- Durability. They have anti-corrosion properties. Resistant to cracking and abrasion. Not affected by humidity and ultraviolet radiation.
- Ease of installation. They are easy to cut with a knife or scissors.
- Low cost.
- Unpretentious care.
- Light weight.
There are also negative points. PVC products lose color over time. If a fire breaks out, they melt, releasing toxic substances. They should be protected from damage by sharp objects.
How to glue a plastic corner
So that the work done is not in vain, you need to choose the glue that is best suited for plastic corners. A wide selection of adhesives is available in hardware stores. Finishing of corners and slopes is carried out using the following adhesives:
- Liquid Nails. The composition has a high degree of strength. Taking advantage of liquid nails, you can reliably attach a PVC or expanded polystyrene corner to any surface, in particular, to embossed wallpaper, wood or concrete. The glue has excellent adhesive properties and sets quickly. If necessary, a composition of a certain color is selected. It is better to glue white plates with a colorless composition.
Liquid nails are often used when installing corners
- Polyurethane adhesive. Durable, elastic, tightly glues PVC and MDF. The instructions say that not everyone adhesive composition based on polyurethane for PVC corner pieces. A significant disadvantage is a pungent smell and high cost.
- Silicone sealant. Recommended for fixing profiles to wallpaper, plastic panels and also to ceramic tiles in the bathroom, in the kitchen. It is advisable to use an acrylic sealant. However, using silicone glue, over time, you can observe a weakening of adhesion, especially in places where the corners are most often touched. Therefore, if you are going to attach the plate to the tile with silicone, you should choose compositions with high adhesive properties.
- Liquid plastic. The purpose of the composition is to glue only PVC parts. It is good to work with it, for example, when finishing joints. plastic windows... Such glue must be used carefully, since a special chemical reagent will be needed to remove the mixture accidentally caught on the wallpaper.
PVC profiles are self-adhesive. It is necessary to glue the plastic corner on the wallpaper after taking measurements. After that, the protective tape is removed from the product, the plastic is pressed against the outer corner.
Tools for the job
To fix the plastic you need glue gun... It allows you to accurately apply the composition used. You also need to stock up on:
- a hacksaw or scissors for metal;
- a clerical knife;
- metal square;
- tape measure, pencil;
- masking tape;
- glue mixture.
You can get profiles of the desired size and shape using a miter box. However, if this tool is not there, that's okay.
How to glue a plastic corner
To glue plastic corners to wallpaper or slopes, you should take into account the surface to which the plates will be attached. Corners can be glued to the wallpaper in two ways:
- Directly on the wallpaper. Important: the relief of the wallpaper should be shallow, otherwise dust will accumulate in the gaps formed.
- With cutting a strip and applying glue to the wall. To do this, you need to attach a plastic corner to the installation site, and then cut off the wallpaper on both sides with a knife.
In the presence of curved slopes, flexible PVC profiles come in handy.
How to cut correctly
Before gluing the corner, the required length is measured. Trimming at a 45 degree angle is done with a sharp scalpel knife or hacksaw. Also, blanks are made using a miter box.
How to glue
If you need to attach plastic corners to the wallpaper, first the treated area is freed from finishing material... The width of the cut strips should be slightly less than the profile width. Then we work like this:
- on the inner side we apply the selected glue;
- we apply the polyvinyl chloride profile to the surface and press it along the entire length with a napkin or dry rag;
- we fix the plastic with masking tape;
- after the glue has set, remove the adhesive tape.
Before gluing a PVC profile to a window or doorway, it is necessary to examine the surface for irregularities. If there is no way to fix the defect, use flexible plastic panels.
When it is necessary to glue the corners between the wall and the bathtub, it is important that the surface of the bathtub rim, which is adjacent to the wall, is clean. You can use masking tape to protect the tiles from possible glue getting on them.
First, the rim of the bath and the adjacent section of the wall are treated with an antiseptic and degreaser. The next step is filling the gaps. silicone sealant... The PVC corner is glued after a day or two.
How to glue the inner corner to the ceiling? It is important to avoid the formation of gaps while fixing the products. If the adhesive comes out, it should be removed. After the installation of the PVC profile, a finishing putty is used.
When making a preliminary marking, it is necessary to be as accurate as possible in order to avoid gaps between the joints. It is better to increase the profile length by 0.5-1 mm. Thanks to their elasticity, the panels will fit perfectly into place.
Before starting the installation of the corners on the walls, the panels are cleaned of dirt. If the trim of the panels turns out to be uneven, the gaps must not be filled with silicone. Gradually, areas with a defect will be covered with dust and become noticeable.
To attach an arched corner, you need a building hair dryer. If, after 2-3 warm-ups, the profile could not be bent, further attempts should be stopped. Continuous heating makes the material hard and brittle.
Often we need to glue a broken or cracked plastic product - from the shackle of glasses to the bumper of a car. You may also need to glue the hook in the bathroom or the holder for the garden spray. The essence of the bonding process is to dissolve the surface layer of two blanks and form a layer of plastic from this solution, common to both parts. After hardening, the parts form a single whole, or, as they say, "stick together tightly."
Determine the type of plastic
in order to reliably glue the plastic, first of all, you need to find out what kind of plastic the item is made of. Knowing the plastic, you can choose the most suitable adhesive for it.
All manufacturers mark their plastic products with the symbol of recycling - this is the well-known Recycling Triangle - a triangle with arrows on the sides, symbolizing the reuse of materials.
The triangle contains numbers from one to seven. Often, numbers are supplemented with an abbreviation. These designations determine the type of plastic.
What does marking on plastic mean?
- PET low pressure polyethylene or polyethylene terephthalate. It is mainly used for packaging or packaging food. It is produced in the form of a film, bags or transparent containers for liquid and bulk goods, as well as drinks.
- HDPE is a compacted low pressure polyethylene. Used for the release of shrink wrap and packaging bags.
- V (PVC) polyvinyl chloride is a non-food plastic used to make strong and durable items such as buckets, frames metal-plastic windows, linoleum.
- LDPE Low Density Polyethylene high pressure... It is used in the production of bottles for drinks and dairy products, packaging bags, toys, pipes for cold water.
- PP polypropylene. Plastics are chemically inactive, heat-resistant (up to 150 ° C), most widely used in the production of medical products, heat-resistant dishes and household utensils, toys, pipes and fittings for hot water, and much more.
- PS polystyrene. Also food grade plastic, made of it disposable tableware, household utensils, enclosures kitchen appliances... If it is foamed, it forms an excellent porous heat insulator - polystyrene used in everyday life and in construction work.
- O Other - non-recyclable materials such as those containing metal, paper or other substances). This also includes plastics that do not belong to one of the six groups.
PS - polystyrene
In order to reliably glue the plastic, you need to carefully consider the markings on the product and choose an adhesive designed for polymers of this group. There is another way to determine the type of plastic - a small piece of it must be set on fire. Each type burns with a characteristic smell and type of flame. To apply this method reliably at home, you need to acquire considerable experience.
Adhesive marking
Tubes with glue are also marked, it is a pity that the designation system does not always coincide with the designations in the triangle on the plastic product. Most often, the following symbols can be seen on the tube:
- PC - polycarbonate (used for covering greenhouses and sheds).
- ABS is a copolymer of acrylonitrile.
- PP polypropylene.
- PPMA organic glass for general use.
- PE is the familiar polyethylene.
- PVC is another familiar one - vinyl, or polyvinyl chloride.
- PS - polystyrene.
- PA 66 is a polyamide.
- PUR polyurethane.
If you are not an expert in organic chemistry, then, most likely, further study of labeling at home will not be successful. It is better to read in the user manual, which must be attached to the tube, which plastics can be glued to them.
Types of adhesives
The variety of plastics used in everyday life corresponds to an equally wide variety of manufactured compositions and methods of their application.
How to glue plastic
To dissolve the surface layer of a material, it is necessary to break the chemical bonds between the molecules. For this, special substances are used, strong solvents. Each solvent is suitable for its own group of plastics, and it may not even leave a trace on material from another group. Each adhesive is based on such a solvent. In addition, the composition may include:
- a hardener to help dry it;
- filler - dissolved molecules of the substance for which the glue is intended.
One of the strongest solvents is dichloroethane. It is used to bond polystyrene and plexiglass.
Depending on the method of application, the funds are divided into several groups:
- liquid;
- contact;
- reactionary;
- hot melt adhesives.
Liquid
Liquids are widespread in everyday life, they are easily and simply used at home for gluing plastic with a porous structure. They are issued both on the basis of organic solvent and on water based... They are applied to surfaces that are pressed against each other for a time sufficient for the base to evaporate. After that, the adhesive layer hardens, forming a connecting seam. A typical example is PVA glue; it can be used to glue not only linoleum, but also wood at home.
Contact
Bonding takes place in two stages:
- the surfaces to be glued are lubricated thin layer which dissolves the surface layer of plastic, softening it and facilitating contact with another surface;
- after a few minutes, the parts are pressed against each other with force, the softened layers are mixed, the solvent evaporates and a seam is formed.
This is how Moment, BF-2 and others work. They can be used to glue polystyrene and other plastics at home. They contain toxic substances, so you need to work in a well-ventilated area and do not allow drops to get on the skin or mucous membranes.
Reactionary
One-component reactive agents dissolve the material to be bonded very quickly and harden just as quickly. These are such well-known brands as Secunda, Superglue and their analogues. The seam is strong and tough.
Two-component ones consist, respectively, of two components, stored separately from each other:
- hardener;
- fixer.
The components are mixed immediately before use and applied to surfaces where the mixture hardens to form a compound. The base is epoxy or polyester resins... The seam at home is very durable. Characteristic feature is that full hardening takes a long time, and the seam gradually increases both strength and brittleness.
Hot melt adhesives
This group includes substances that show their properties when heated to 110-120 ° C. For use, a special glue gun with a heating element is required. Differs in the accuracy of application. In addition to plastic, they can glue wood, fabric, paper at home.
How to glue plastic tightly at home
After the type of plastic has been determined and the appropriate substance has been selected, you should:
- thoroughly degrease the surfaces to be glued. To do this, use alcohol, a degreaser or soap solution(only laundry soap);
- to glue objects more reliably, you need to increase the wettability. To do this, treat the surfaces with a velvet file or a thin sandpaper;
- mix two-component reactive substances only after completing the preparation of parts;
- do not use brushes with natural bristles;
- Apply so much adhesive that when pressing the blanks, the excess is not squeezed out of the bonding zone.
The parts should be pressed so as to exclude their displacement in the plane of gluing relative to each other.
How to achieve maximum effect when gluing plastic parts
For gluing plastic at home to give the maximum effect, you should:
- accurately determine the material and select the appropriate adhesive for it;
- carefully follow the requirements of the instructions for use;
- wait for the allotted time for the seam to gain strength and do not try to use the product ahead of time;
- for outdoor work or for items used in conditions high humidity, you need to choose a waterproof brand;
- despite the declared heat resistance of the adhesive, the parts themselves may not survive this temperature;
- if there is no marking on the product, then you can try to drop a drop of adhesive in an inconspicuous place and see if the material dissolves.
Epoxy adhesive provides one of the strongest bonds and is compatible with many types of plastics.
What affects the reliability of gluing
The reliability of the seam is affected whole line conditions. All of them are important, and non-observance of any one can lead to the fact that the glued at home will fall off, despite the observance of all the others. So:
- Compliance of the material of the product and the adhesive.
- Correspondence of the type of adhesive to the magnitude of the forces that the connection will experience. The direction of action of these efforts is no less important. So, compounds that give rigid seams are not suitable for repairs, for example, shoes - after all, the sole will bend and twist during operation, despite the fact that the tensile force will be small. At the same time, with this composition, you can successfully glue, say, a hook to the glass, and hang tens of kilograms on it.
- Compliance with application technology. Everything is important here - and how many seconds or minutes the surfaces need to be squeezed, and how to degrease them, and how much to keep the parts pressed against each other. All this depends on the properties of a particular pair of "plastic-glue", is described in detail in the instructions and must be followed verbatim. A second deviation in the holding time or premature use of the product may result in secondary damage.
- The mechanical part of the process. It is important to thoroughly remove dust from the surface and roughen it. In addition, the direction of pressing the parts against each other should be perpendicular to the surfaces to be glued. It is impossible to allow mutual displacement of parts after pressing - this will also lead to failure.
Gluing plastic tightly is not so easy. Careful adherence to simple rules by a home craftsman will allow you to get strong and durable connections. The main thing is not to forget about safety precautions: do not inhale the vapors of the adhesive and do not allow it to get into food, on the skin or mucous membranes. If accidentally swallowed, you should immediately consult a doctor, be sure to take a tube with you.
Often in everyday life or in the manufacture of furniture, we have to glue various materials. In the carpentry and furniture business, the skills of the master in this type of work play an important role.
The quality of the bonding depends primarily on the pretreatment of the bonded surfaces. The surfaces to be glued are thoroughly cleaned of dirt, grease, remnants of old glue or paint; the surface must be absolutely dry and clean. Materials with a mirror-smooth surface do not adhere well to each other, so clean them with a knife, sandpaper or file.
When gluing metal, porcelain, glass stone and some other parts, it is necessary to first degrease by washing them with warm soapy water and then rinsing. You can also degrease the surface by wiping them with a swab dipped in a solution ammonia gasoline, acetone, baking soda solution.
When gluing various materials, several rules must be observed: apply the glue to the surface only with a thin layer, but so that there are no missing spots. The glue should be free of any impurities (sawdust, dust, etc.) and a homogeneous consistency, that is, it should not contain lumps. A thick layer of thick glue does not in the least contribute to a stronger adhesion. Some types of adhesives, according to the instructions, should be warmed up before use. We would advise you not only to heat up the glue itself, but also to heat up the materials to be glued. Then the bond strength will increase.
As a rule, the parts to be glued are dried in a heat of at least 18 ° C. The parts should be pressed tightly against each other using a press, oppression or vice.
When gluing wood, it is recommended to preheat the surfaces to be glued. It is desirable that the moisture content of the parts to be glued is the same, but, in any case, does not exceed 10-12%. We would recommend you to glue dry wood with animals and synthetic adhesives. Animal glues include bone and casein glues. Immediately, we note that preparing bone glue for work takes quite a lot of time, but this disadvantage is more than offset by its advantages. It is beneficial to use when a large amount of work is being done. The joints glued with this glue are very strong, which favorably distinguishes it from others, even expensive ones, such as BF-2. The glued parts can withstand a load of up to 60 kg per 1 sq. cm, which is several times higher than that of other adhesives. And finally, the tiles of dry wood glue can be stored indefinitely, they practically do not deteriorate.
Prepare wood glue in a special glue machine. The glue cooker consists of two tin containers, one of which (wider) is filled with water, and in the second (smaller) glue is poured and placed in the first. The glue cooker can be successfully replaced with ordinary ones. cans, one of which is larger than the other. Such a device (water bath) does not allow the glue to burn and can keep it warm for a long time. To weld bone glue, first break the dry glue into small pieces and fill with water. Let the glue swell for 10-12 hours, and then cook. For cooking liquid glue for 4 parts by weight of dry glue, take 3-4 parts of water. The glue should be warmed up, stirring, so that the whole mass is obtained without clots and grains. Do not bring the adhesive to a boil, as this may reduce its stickiness and durability. Determine the readiness of the glue by dipping a stick into it.
The glue is ready if it flows from the stick slowly, in a thick, even stream. If the glue is too thick during cooking, you can dilute it hot water... When working, use hot glue, if it has cooled down a little, it can be heated in a water bath. Do not brew a large amount of glue right away. Brew as much as you need to carry out the work; reheating the already cured glue deteriorates its properties. When preparing bone glue, you can also make it fireproof. To do this, dissolve 100 g of glue in 200 g of water and cook it in a glue boiler until a thick composition is obtained, and then add 40 g of drying oil to it and boil it again. An increase in the stickiness of the composition can be achieved by adding zinc or lead white to the glue at the rate of 25: 2.
When preparing casein glue, take 300-400 g of room temperature water and pour 100 g of glue powder into it. The glue powder should be poured into water gradually, stirring constantly until a homogeneous creamy mass is formed. The finished mixture will initially be thick and set aside for a while to liquefy. There is no need to add water to the mixture. The finished glue should drain off the stick in a continuous stream, leaving a thin, shiny film on it. Remember that casein glue is not heated, since at temperatures above 40 ° C casein curls up and loses its adhesive properties. You can prepare glue powder at home, provided the necessary components. The glue contains 7 parts by weight of dry casein in powder and 1 part by weight of borax (sodium boric acid).
To make glue from this powder, you need 8 parts by weight of water. Pour in casein cold water in a 1: 1 ratio and soak for 3 hours. Dissolve borax in hot water and fill the swollen casein with the resulting solution. Stir continuously until you get a fairly thick, homogeneous mass. Parts glued with casein glue are kept under the press for 4 hours, but the glue finally dries up only after 12 hours. Big advantage casein glue is that it can glue wood with high moisture content. Wood can also be glued with other adhesives, such as synthetic wood glue, various resin adhesives and some other uses, carefully read the proposed instructions.
Sometimes it is necessary to stick plastic, leather, leatherette, decorative plywood, fabric or synthetic film on a wooden surface. Plywood can be firmly glued to wood with casein or synthetic wood glue. Plywood and tile glue can also be glued, but it will create a noticeable dark seam. Do not apply a layer of glue directly to thin plywood as it may shrink. It is better to cover the surface of the wood with a layer of glue, and then apply plywood sheet and press down firmly from above. The pressure should be about 8 kg and should lie under pressure for about 7-8 hours.
To glue the plastic, use rubber-based adhesives. These can be adhesives such as 88N, Zh-3, KR-1, "Elastosila-2". Before gluing, it is necessary to carefully treat the surface of wood or plastic.
Clean the wood from dust, and sand the back of the plastic with sandpaper until the plastic becomes a little rough. Work the corners and edges especially carefully. Then wipe the treated plastic surface with a swab dipped in gasoline to degrease it. Apply a thin layer of glue to both glued surfaces and connect them. Firmly pressing the plastic to the wood, run your hands from the middle to the edges to squeeze out all the air from under the plastic, and then put something heavy on the plastic so that the oppression is evenly distributed over the entire surface to be glued to be at least 4-5 kg per 1 sq. ... see Oppression leave for half an hour. Such glues are finally hardened within 24 hours.
For gluing to wooden base fabrics, leather, leatherette, use adhesives: "Dubok", "Unicum", BF-6, "Polyvinyl acetate".
Also at home, if the necessary components are available, you can prepare a high-quality adhesive composition. To do this, you need 400 g of wheat flour, 30 g of rosin, 15 g of aluminum alum and 100 g of water. Mix dry components, fill with water and put on low heat, or even better, use a glue boiler. During the preparation of the glue, do not forget to stir it periodically so that no lumps form. As soon as the glue starts to thicken, it is ready. Make sure that the adhesive is homogeneous. This glue is used only hot. For leathers and leatherette (without fabric base), degrease synthetic films with gasoline with acetone. Fabrics in preprocessing do not need before gluing. Cover both surfaces with glue with yourself and iron through a wet cloth with a warm iron until it dries.
It is better not to glue fabrics and synthetic films with BF-6 and "Polyvinyl acetate" adhesives, since BF-6 glue can shine through the front surface and stain fabrics in a yellowish color. The glue "Polyvinyl acetate" is destroyed by the action of water.
It is best to glue metal parts to wood using rubber adhesives, such as Zh-3, KR-1, 88-N, 88-NP, Patex, Elastosila-2. If you need to glue to wooden surface small metal objects (hooks, shelves), we would not recommend using the first three brands of adhesives mentioned. These adhesives form so-called "creeping seams", that is, under the action of loads metal object will slide off the wooden surface. Before gluing, file the metal surface to make it rough, and then degrease with gasoline or acetone. Apply a thin layer of adhesive to both surfaces to be glued, clamp the parts in a vice and leave it there for a few minutes. Finally, the glue will dry in 10-12 hours.
For gluing smooth surfaces, use the same glue "Elastosila-2".
Apply a thin layer of glue to surfaces previously degreased with acetone and leave for one hour. After that, wipe the surfaces with a swab dipped in acetone and connect them. Clamp the glued parts in a vice for 4-5 hours. Finally, the glue will harden in 10-12 hours.
Glass is most often glued with such adhesives as "Polyvinyl acetate", "Mars", "Supercement", BF-2, "Patex", "Unicum". These adhesives form practically colorless seams and are not destroyed by moisture. Before gluing, degrease the glass with acetone, apply a thin layer of glue to the surfaces to be glued and let it dry a little for 10 minutes. Apply a second coat and after 2-3 minutes join the parts to be bonded. The parts must be tightly pressed against each other for 20-30 minutes. The glue completely hardens only after a day.
To glue glass and metal together, take "Glue-sealant", "Elastosila-2", "Unicum". Degrease both surfaces, grease with glue and clamp the parts in a clamp for 30 minutes. The glue will finally harden and become water-resistant after three days.
You can glue glass to wood, as well as stick fabric or cardboard on it with PVA, PVA-A, "Polyvinyl acetate" adhesives. Degrease the glass with acetone, grease the surfaces with glue and put the parts under the press for an hour. The glue will dry in a day.
At home, BF-2 or "Epoxy" glue is used for gluing metals. Clean surfaces from dust, dirt, rust, sandpaper. Rinse treated surfaces clean water and dry well. Degrease surfaces with petrol or acetone. Apply a thin layer of glue to the surface and let sit for an hour. Then place the workpieces greased with glue in the oven heated to 50-60 ° C and dry for 10-15 minutes. Apply a second layer of glue to the metal and, as soon as it begins to dry out (stops sticking to your fingers), connect the parts to each other. It is better if you clamp the parts in a vice and dry them in the oven at 130-150 ° C for 1-2 hours. With cold drying
fully hardens only after 2-3 days.
Epoxy glue is indispensable in some cases. It consists of two components resin and hardener.
When using it, work with gloves, as the hardener is poisonous; If the hardener gets on your hands, remove it with a swab soaked in acetone, and then rinse your hands with running water. Before mixing the resin and hardener, it is advisable to heat the resin in a bowl with hot water, but not higher than 30 ° C. Mix warm resin with hardener in the ratio indicated in the instructions, and use the prepared glue as well as others.
Also read in this section:
Useful tips for renovation
Housewives' advice on apartment cleaning, carpet cleaning, furniture care. What cleaning products to use. And also how to quickly remove a blockage in the kitchen or restore broken enamel in the bathroom. How to repair a rubber boot.
Warming
Everything about how to insulate doors, walls, windows, floors, ceilings or ceilings. Here is how to make the attic warm, what materials to use. Everything about the methods and technologies for insulating houses, summer cottages, basements. You will be able to calculate the material consumption.
Insulation materials
How to choose the right materials for thermal insulation works in what proportions to cook cement mortar for walls, how to insulate Vacation home... Recommendations will help you to opt for materials with fire-resistant and low-thermal conductivity properties.
PVC adhesive
Repair it disaster, which comes suddenly, and then, according to the law of meanness, cannot end in any way. You only wanted to do redecorating, but ended up with the need to glue sewer or water pipes... For neat installation of façade structures, laying tiles on the floor, as well as joining multiple various designs from PVC, special adhesives are used for such materials.
I would like to note that the correctly selected adhesive for PVC almost 100% guarantees a strong and reliable connection. How to choose an adhesive to obtain an elastic, waterproof and invisible seam? To do this, you need to understand the most important thing. What types of glue exist, what are they made of, how to properly glue such materials?
Any composition that is intended to glue such products contains
How to glue?
polyvinyl chloride, which dissolves well in tetrahydrofuran or methyl ethyl ketone. Such compositions usually consist of two components, which are supplemented with various useful additives that increase positive traits the main composition. As the composition hardens, the solvent evaporates and the chains of molecules intertwine. Thus, providing a strong and reliable connection of the material.
What do you need to know to choose a quality PVC adhesive?
It is important to understand that all modern adhesives are divided into groups depending on where they are used and what material they are intended for. 
glue. Contemplating any renovation work, for example, gluing PVC materials, experts recommend using special compounds. When choosing an adhesive for working with such materials, it is necessary to carefully study its composition and properties, for example, the setting time. They usually set in about four minutes at room temperature. All basic and important characteristics for operation should also be indicated on the packaging of finished products. For example, it is important to know how to properly apply and store adhesive residues.
Surface preparation and gluing process
Typically, surface preparation takes place in several main stages:
For large surfaces, the gluing time must be increased.
How to glue plastic to wood, what would it be tightly?
It is also important to remember that the amount of adhesive should only be as indicated in the instructions. If there is more glue than necessary, it will flow out. Thus, violating the aesthetic appearance of the newly pasted surface, and can also spoil the material you purchased.
Further processing and security measures
About a day after you have applied PVC glue, it is advisable not to touch the surface. It is also necessary to protect it from sun exposure, temperature extremes and other physical and mechanical influences. All gluing work must be carried out in a room with good ventilation, using protective equipment. If you still do not understand anything, then we advise you to watch a video that will tell you in detail how to glue such materials correctly.
You can glue plastic with other materials or with plastic with special glue. Technologies are developing, this also applies to the variety of adhesives, now there is big choice... Some adhesives are used for bonding plastic to plastic, others are for metal or glass. In order to maximize the quality of fastening two various materials, it is necessary to choose a suitable adhesive. If the glue does not match the materials, then they may unstick or crack over time.
Glue with epoxy
What kind of plastic is difficult to glue
To determine the type of plastic, you just need to look at the special markings on the product. On the plastic you need to find a triangle of three arrows following each other. An index letter will be indicated next to this triangle. Usually, a tube of glue has an explanation of what it is used for. In addition, attached detailed instructions from which you can glean this information.
If the plastic has the letters PS, or the number 6 is simply indicated, then the plastic is called polystyrene. For polystyrene, it is best to use epoxy glue or plastic cement. These two options will help glue the plastic together or with most other materials. Many people wonder how to glue plastic to plastic. Again, pay attention to the markings.
Most types of plastics that are used in Everyday life or in the production of uncomplicated things, they are quite simply glued by any good glue... And there are types of plastic that simply do not stick together, they are easy to recognize.
If there are numbers 2, 4, 5 or HDPE, LDPE, PP, UMHW next to or inside the triangle, this type of plastic is called polypropylene - it is extremely difficult to glue. Such plastic can be glued to any other material using Weld DP 8010 glue. This material they rarely try to glue with something, so the range of glue is small. With Weld DP 8010 glue, you can glue plastic with foil, metal and glass.
If you want to stick adhesive film on the plastic, then you do not need additional fixation. Try to thoroughly clean the surface of the plastic with alcohol to degrease it. Try not to touch the plastic with your hands so as not to stain the surface. The smooth surface of the plastic cannot provide a stable and durable attachment.
How to improve grip
To increase grip, it is necessary to walk with a sanding sheet over the plastic, then the surface will become rough and it will be better to grip. Best to choose sandpaper with a grain size no more than 200. Do not try to sand the plastic for too long, you just need to create a rough surface.
Take epoxy glue, spread evenly with a thin layer.
This glue is suitable for most materials, you just need to read the instructions and properly process the surface.
How to glue
Ideally, you should apply the selected adhesive with a brush to plastic and other surfaces. If you are going to glue plastic to glass, then the layer of glue on the glass should be larger than on the plastic. A similar situation with wood, do not spare the glue. If you need to connect two plastic products, then a lot of glue is not needed.
How to glue the plastic?
If you are using a cement thinner, combine the two plastic item, there should be a small layer of glue between them. Apply mortar around the edges of the plastic so that the joint line is completely covered.
Objects must be fixed so that they are pressed against each other. If the items square shape and you can put them on top of each other, then it is worth doing so. Use duct tape if you can't press two items together.
After applying the glue and fixing, try not to disturb the objects for 24 hours, after this period you can start using them not at full strength. Any glue differs in composition and its properties, therefore, after 24 hours, the fastening in most cases will not yet be as strong as possible. It is worth protecting the object from the effects of temperature extremes, the glue may not seize in the best way, thereby weakening the contact.
How to glue plastic pipes
To glue plastic pipes, you need to process them on both sides, which will be connected. Using a sanding sheet, erase a small layer at a distance of 2-3 centimeters from the beginning of the pipe. Do the exact same procedure with the second piece of pipe. Once the pipes are ready, connect them and apply the cement thinner. This solution will take a firm hold thanks to the fact that you have processed the pipes.
Such a fastening of pipes is much more reliable when compared with any kind of glue. Cement solvent will not lose its properties and strength over time. Water glue can begin to erode.
So, if you find a marking on the plastic that shows what kind of plastic you are using, then you need to contact hardware store... In the store, a consultant will tell you which glue is best to use for different surfaces... The information in this article is superficial.
There is a situation when no identifying signs are found on plastic, in which case you can buy a universal glue. By universal, I mean epoxy glue, it is able to glue any type of plastic, if it is properly processed. No amount of glue will be able to glue two objects or parts together on long time if the surface is not prepared. Do not ignore this information, it will significantly improve the quality of your work. If you buy expensive glue, it will be marked on the package that the surface requires pretreatment.
What not to use
Now they began to actively use silicone-based glue. Such adhesives, at first glance, seem very convenient and practical, but the reliability of the connection leaves much to be desired. If the parts need to be connected for a long time, then this option should be avoided.
Types of glue. What glue what to glue
How to choose transparent glue for glass with other materials
Often there is a need to glue glass to another material with your own hands for decorative or household purposes.
Than you can firmly glue plastic with other materials
But through the transparent glass, droplets of glue are always visible, which negatively affect the decorative qualities. To avoid this, you need to use transparent glass adhesive.
Adhesive requirement
Transparent glue has a different composition and properties, therefore, before choosing a composition, it is necessary to decide on a number of requirements:
Varieties of transparent glue and areas of application
Most often, the following compositions of transparent adhesives are used in everyday life:
- cyanoacrylate,
- silicone,
- silicate,
- polyurethane.
Cyanoacrylate
This transparent adhesive is almost universal. It is able to glue glass to wood, metal or plastic. It can be used to fix desired item or stick on decor. This adhesive has the following qualities:
According to their strength characteristics it outperforms many fasteners and is considered "cold weld".
Many Moment transparent adhesives are made with cyanoacrylates.
Silicone
Transparent silicone glass adhesive is used when a sealant is required. Silicone glue is suitable for gluing glass to metal, wood or plastic, forming a strong, almost invisible bond. But it has one drawback - silicone glue polymerizes within a day.
If you need quick gluing, then you should choose not silicone, but another transparent glue, it is better to take the Moment.
Silicate
Transparent glue based on liquid glass is waterproof, durable and has the qualities of a sealant. They can glue almost everything from wood to metal. It is suitable both for gluing large surfaces and for gluing decor.
Polyurethane
If you need a sealant and a moment at the same time, then you should pay attention to durable polyurethane glue. Transparent glue for glass and metal of the polyurethane group allows you to quickly get a strong bond when gluing. It is used in the repair of automotive glass and in other areas where the resistance of the glue line to various loads is required. In terms of strength, only cyanoacrylate composition can be compared with polyurethane sealant.
How to glue glass
The process of gluing glass with another material with your own hands occurs in the following way:
- Both surfaces are cleaned from dirt and carefully polished. At home, it is recommended to use a toothpaste and a brush for this. If you plan to connect with end joints, then you must carefully polish the joints. The video shows how surfaces are polished.
- After the substrates are polished, rinsed and dried, a transparent glue is applied to one of them, usually the smaller one. For example, if it is necessary to glue glass decor, then the glue is applied to the decorative elements.
- The surfaces are bonded and excess glue is immediately removed with a cloth soaked in white spirit or other solvent suitable for the glue.
- After joining the surfaces, the product is left until the transparent glue has completely polymerized. The time depends on the composition of the adhesive.
To be glued transparent glue the glass lasted a long time on any surface; when choosing a composition, it is necessary to take into account all external conditions that will affect the finished product.