Plaster mixes are widely used in construction. Such compositions can be used for interior walls, ceilings, facades, columns, etc. The types of such mixtures on modern market there are several. And one of the most popular varieties is gypsum-based plaster. Many companies produce such compositions. However, some brands of gypsum mixes are, of course, the most popular among consumers.
What are the criteria for evaluating
When choosing gypsum plaster, first of all, you should pay attention to its characteristics, such as:
maximum permissible layer thickness;
drying time;
type of base;
Are used gypsum plasters usually only for indoor surfaces. Such compositions are not used for facades. In most cases, manufacturers also recommend using such products only in dry rooms.
The best plasters
Most of the products of this type sold today on the market are of good quality. But still the most popular gypsum plasters among consumers are:
Gipswell.
Bergauf.
"Prospectors".
"Eunice Teplon".
Rotband.
Rotband plasters
Dry mixes on this brand belong to the group universal remedies... The composition of Rotband plasters, among other things, includes special additives designed to increase their adhesive properties. Also gypsum mixes "Rotband" contain all kinds of natural impurities that determine their color. Depending on the manufacturer, such formulations can be:
pink.
In this case, the highest quality is considered pink plaster Rotband. Such mixtures are produced by Knauf Gips Chelyabinsk and Knauf Gips Kolpino. White and gray gypsum plasters of this brand are produced in Krasnogorsk, Krasnodar Territory and Astrakhan Region. Such funds can also be considered to be of sufficient quality. However, when using them, you should still be a little more careful. White and gray plasters Rotbands run a little down the wall, causing horizontal waves to form on surfaces.
Consumer reviews
The advantages of Rotband plasters are primarily attributed by consumers to their plasticity, strength and the ability to achieve the most smooth surfaces. It is very easy to work with such compositions, judging by the reviews, and on the walls in the future, such a finish lasts as long as possible. Also, consumers consider the advantages of Rotband plasters, of course, to be their excellent adhesive qualities, as well as minimal shrinkage.
Some disadvantage of such gypsum mixtures, consumers consider not too long "vitality" of the solution. You should work with such a plaster as quickly as possible, or mix a not very large amount of it at once. Also, consumers attribute a rather high cost to the disadvantages of Rotband.
Mixes "Volma"
The peculiarity of this brand of plaster is considered primarily plasticity and the ability to "breathe". This mixture is produced by the domestic company Volma, founded back in the 40s. There are several types of this plaster on the market today, slightly differing in composition:
"Volma-Layer", intended for use in rooms with temperature extremes.
"Layer Titanium" and "Ultra", maximally resistant to cracking.
"Canvas" with mineral additives that maximize adhesion.
"Plast" is versatile, very flexible.
"Lux" - designed for work on foam concrete.
Also, this manufacturer produces gypsum dry building mixtures, intended for machine application: "Gips-Aktiv" with additives that provide increased moisture resistance, and crack-resistant "Gips-Aktiv Extra".
Reviews about the mixtures "Volma"
The most popular type of plaster of this brand among consumers is Volma Canvas. It is about this gypsum binder mixture that there are the best reviews on the Web. The advantages of the Volma Holost compositions are primarily attributed to ease of application and versatility. This mixture, as noted by some masters, can be used for leveling walls, texturing for decorative plaster and even, for example, sculpting bricks.
The masters consider the main disadvantages of Volma Canvas to be too fast setting and the need for puttying after drying under fine finishing.
Dry building mixes with gypsum binder "Gipswell"
Compositions of this brand are a cheap analogue of "Rotband". Several varieties of such plasters are supplied to the market today. The most popular with the consumer is the mixture "Gipswell Osnovit". This plaster also comes in several series. For example, the mixture "Gipswell Osnovit T25" can be applied to walls with a layer of up to 8 cm. Also, this plaster is plastic.
In addition to the gypsum itself, the composition of "Gipswell Osnovit T25" includes additives that increase the "pot life" of the solution and plasticity. Like Rotband, this plaster gives a very smooth surface and does not need additional filling.
Consumer opinion about Gipswell
Good feedback about this plaster on the Web are primarily due to its ease of application. The compositions of this brand, as noted by consumers, provide a very high-quality finishing layer and are inexpensive at the same time. Low consumption is also considered an advantage of Gipswell gypsum building mixtures.
If the plaster needs to be applied to the surface in a thick layer, many consumers advise purchasing this particular brand of T25. The finished finish in this case is guaranteed not to crack. Also, judging by the reviews of consumers, "Gipswell Osnovit T 25" practically does not shrink. To the pluses of this tool, many masters also refer to the fact that the solution prepared with its use is capable of not drying out for 1.5 hours.
Bergauf plaster: composition, description
The composition of mixtures on gypsum base from this manufacturer may include, in addition to the binder itself, such components:
-
mineral supplements;
plasticizers.
The solution prepared from the Bergauf mixture freezes in about an hour. Additives make it pliable and easy to apply. Also, mixtures from this manufacturer have excellent adhesive properties.
Reviews of mixtures Bergauf
The main advantage of this brand of plasters, consumers consider their low cost. The price of dry gypsum mixes "Bergauf" high quality often lower than some similar compositions, even from domestic manufacturers.
Despite the fact that the composition of these plasters includes sand, which is noticeable, judging by the reviews of consumers, even with the naked eye, they give a finishing layer quite even and smooth.
Plaster "Prospectors"
The mixture of this brand is excellent for finishing all types of surfaces. An equally high-quality layer when using them is obtained both on brick and on foam concrete. A special lightweight component is added to the plaster "Prospectors", which significantly reduces its consumption. Also, mixtures of this brand contain mineral components that provide fast hardening.
It is believed that the plaster "Prospectors" is just excellent for applying on surfaces as under ceramic tiles, and just for wallpaper or painting. It is possible to apply dry mixtures on a gypsum base of this brand on the walls with a layer of up to 5 cm. The life of a solution prepared using the composition of this brand is 45 minutes.
What do consumers think about the plaster "Prospectors"
Consumers consider the main advantage of the mixture of this brand to be a very low cost with good quality. Also, the masters refer to the advantages of the plaster "Prospectors":
smoothness of the finished surface;
ease of application;
optimal setting time.
The masters believe that some of the disadvantages of this brand are that large grains of sand are sometimes found in its composition. Therefore, when working with plaster "Prospectors" you should be a little more careful. Grains of sand can leave grooves on the surface. If they are not repaired immediately, the wall may need to be putty later.
Plaster mix "Yunis Teplon"
Plasters of this brand contain perlite, which reduces their setting time. Distinctive feature means "Unis Teplon" are light weight and maximum strength of the finished layer. Also, the plaster of this brand is able to additionally protect the premises in the house from the outside cold.
The life span of Unice solutions is approximately 50 minutes. They can be applied to the walls in a layer up to 5 cm.
Consumer opinion
The main advantage of Yunis plasters is ease of application. Many consumers, judging by the reviews available on the Web, consider dry gypsum mixes of this brand to be simply ideal for beginners. It is very easy to apply the Yunis Teplon solution to the walls. In addition, the finished finishing layer, when used, does not require additional puttying.
Some of the disadvantages of Yunis mixtures are considered by consumers to be the difficulty in preparing the solution. You need to knead this plaster for a long time and thoroughly before removing all lumps.
Instructions for use
For the most part, gypsum plasters are thus plastic. That is, it is quite easy to work with them. But of course, in order to get a beautiful, durable finished finishing layer, all the required technologies should be observed when working with such compositions.
Before starting the plastering work, the surface must be cleaned of dirt, washed off the dust and primed in two layers. Then you can start preparing the solution. In this case, the amount of dry gypsum plaster mixture should be taken such that the ready-made composition could be fully used for the time while it retains its "viability". This is necessary in order to avoid waste of funds, as well as damage to the container in which the solution was prepared.
Like any other mixtures, it is advisable to apply gypsum to the walls, using the "beacon" technology. That is, first put the guide strips on the walls, and then level the mortar using the rule.
After about 20 min. after application, it is advisable to level the gypsum plaster layer with a special painting float. To make the finished surface as neat as possible, after a few more hours it must be moistened with water and walked over it with a trowel.
Other mixtures: types and manufacturers
Of course, plasters are the most popular type of such compositions. But on the basis of gypsum, of course, other gypsum mixtures are also produced. For example, when decorating premises, the following types of compositions of this variety can be used:
- putties;
- assembly mixtures;
- adhesives.
There are many brands of such products on the market. But the best manufacturers are considered the same ones that produce the very quality plaster... That is, it is primarily "Rotband", "Volma", "Yunis", etc.
Putties
This type of gypsum mixture is used for finishing plaster layer. The advantages of such putties include, first of all, the smoothness of the finished surface, white color, quick setting. In addition to finishing, gypsum products of this variety can also be used for correction different kinds surface defects before plastering.
Mounting mixtures and glue
Compositions of this type have the same advantages as plasters or putties. That is, they set very quickly and give a white surface that is easy to stain. Such mixtures are used for wall cladding with gypsum board or gypsum fiber boards.
Gypsum plasters are the name of the group finishing materials, which are used to decorate finishing coatings. Gypsum is hydrophilic, as a result of which it breaks down under the influence of water, therefore, such materials are suitable only for interior surfaces in dry rooms.
The main element of this material, which binds all the others, is gypsum powder. It is made from a natural mineral that undergoes long-term heat treatment and shredding. For the manufacture of plasters, gypsum of various fractions is used than smaller size mineral grains, the higher the quality of the processed surface.
In addition, the composition of gypsum plaster includes a light fine-grained filler of natural or synthetic origin, as well as various polymer additives. The shape and size of the filler grains affect appearance future surface. Also fillers significantly reduce the consumption of plaster and make the surface more durable. Polymer components increase the elasticity of the material, as well as its adhesion to various substrates.
Gypsum powder - the main component of plaster Universal gypsum plaster is supplied in the form of a powder mixture in paper bags of various weights. It requires water to prepare it. By adjusting the amount of liquid, you can change the fat content of the plaster, depending on the goals pursued. For finishing alignment on a previously prepared surface or decorating a finished coating, a liquid solution is prepared, which will spread well on the wall. For filling cracks, potholes or rough leveling, a denser mixture is prepared.
Gypsum plaster is supplied dry
General information
Below are the average specifications gypsum plaster, which may vary depending on the manufacturer and the materials used:
- Working temperature range - + 5 ... + 30 ° С.
- The maximum layer thickness without reinforcing mesh is 5 cm.
- Dilution proportions: dry gypsum plaster -1 part, water - 0.5 part.
- The consumption of this material per square meter is 8 kg.
- The setting time of the material is 1 hour.
- Complete drying of the surface - 3 hours.
- The curing time is 7 days.
- Thermal conductivity of gypsum mixes - 0.23 W / m * C.
Advantages and disadvantages of plaster
This material is widely used due to its positive properties:
- 95-97% gypsum plaster mix consists of materials of natural origin that do not emit toxic substances when heated or wet.
- It dries perfectly even coverage pleasant shade, therefore, further finishing with wallpaper, tiles or paint is not necessary.
- High adhesion to almost all surfaces, due to which the material does not lag behind the wall.
- The relatively small mass makes the work with the material comfortable, and also allows you to finish the ceilings.
- The plasticity of the solution makes it easy to stretch it over the surface, which greatly speeds up and facilitates work.
- Gypsum-based plaster does not shrink and therefore does not crack.
- Water vapor permeability provides high-quality ventilation walls, thanks to this, water will not accumulate under the layer of material.
- Gypsum does not support combustion and does not burn, therefore it is an absolutely fire-safe substance.
Gypsum plaster allows you to create a perfectly even coating There are also some disadvantages:
- Low moisture resistance, which is why the scope of the material is limited to dry rooms.
- Do not cover with gypsum plaster surfaces with metal parts as the material will constantly absorb moisture, which will lead to corrosion.
- High price in comparison with other types of plaster.
- Low mechanical strength.
What determines the expense
The consumption of gypsum plaster per 1 square meter is influenced by 2 main factors - the thickness of the layer and the evenness of the walls. With a previously prepared or simply not very curved surface (blockage no more than 5 mm), the consumption of gypsum plaster is approximately 300 grams with a layer thickness of 1 mm.
Material consumption depends on the evenness of the surface and the thickness of the applied layer. For you can use the following example. Let's say there is a section of a wall with an area of 1 square meter with a blockage of 3 cm. The first step is to weigh the surface at three points. In the first blockage is 0, in the second - 1.5 cm, in the last - 3 cm. Summing up the obtained values, we get 4.5 cm, divide by the number of values 3, we get 1.5 cm - the average blockage. This is the thickness of the minimum leveling layer. After that, we multiply 15 mm of the layer by 300 grams of the solution required for a 1 mm layer, we get 4.5 kg per square meter. Next, you need to take into account that there will be a decorative layer with a thickness of about 3 mm, it needs another 0.9 kg. As a result, 5.4 kg, add 10% for the stock and round up to more... As a result, this wall will require 6 kg of facade gypsum plaster or a universal mixture.
A preliminary calculation of the plaster consumption allows you not to overpay for excess material Self-preparation of the solution
There are three main types of material that can be made at home:
- With sawdust. 4 parts plaster, 1 part sawdust, 1 tile adhesive.
- Plaster-chalk solution. 1 part gypsum, 3 parts crushed ground chalk, 5% wood glue based on the total mass of the mixture.
- Lime-gypsum solution. 1 part gypsum, 1 part lime dough.
The cooking rules are as follows:
- Measure out portions of the components in special containers.
- Mix dry ingredients.
- Add a little water and mix with a construction mixer or drill with a nozzle.
- Leave to infuse for 3 minutes, then mix again.
To prepare the solution, you should have at hand construction mixer or a drill with a special attachment On a note! These instructions are suitable for commercial mixes and hand-made dry ingredients. For a lime-gypsum solution, gypsum is first soaked with water, mixed, and then added to the lime dough.
Preparing walls for plastering
Before roughing the walls with gypsum compounds, the following steps must be taken:
- Remove the old coating and clean the surface from greasy stains, dust, wallpaper and paint residues.
- Tap the surface with a hammer to reveal weak wall fragments and remove them.
- Repair cracks, potholes and chips polyurethane foam or cement mortar.
- Prime the walls 2 times at intervals of 4 hours.
Stages of surface preparation for applying gypsum plaster Important! At great thickness of the applied gypsum mixture, it tends to fall off quickly, therefore, the installation of a reinforcing mesh is required.
Mesh installation:
- First of all, markings are applied to the wall - dots every 40 cm.
- Holes are drilled in the marked places and dowels are installed.
- Using metal scissors, cut the mesh into fragments of the required area and shape.
- Apply the product to the wall and fix it with self-tapping screws.
Installation of a reinforcing mesh is necessary when applying a large layer of plaster If the mesh is not firmly installed or vibrates when touched, it is necessary to additionally strengthen it with wire passing it through the cells in the shape of the letter Z.
The procedure for applying gypsum plaster
The prepared solution should be applied in one layer no more than 5 cm thick without a grid, no more than 8 cm with a grid. A solution is collected on a trowel or spatula and transferred to the surface, after which it is stretched with a trowel or spatula. Then you need to take a rule and level the material. For this, the tool is applied to the lower part of the wall and carried upward, while making zigzag movements.
You should know! The application of gypsum plaster, which has remained on the blade of the rule, is not possible, since it dries very quickly.
After 1 hour after applying the solution to the entire wall, it is necessary to treat the surface with a trapezoidal rule. Then all irregularities are putty and smoothed out with a wide spatula. Traces from the rule can also be smoothed out with a spatula. The next procedure should be started after about half an hour. But if the surface is pressed with a finger, then you need to wait a little more time.
The procedure is as follows:
- The surface is moistened with plenty of water.
- Wait until the wall is matte.
- Take a spongy grater, press it against the wall and carry out circular movements.
- Smooth the entire coating with a wide spatula.
- Wait 5-7 hours and repeat the procedure.
Surfaces plastered in this way do not require subsequent filling.
This completes the plastering. Additional procedures are no longer required, but there is a need to ensure comfortable conditions for drying the solution. The room should be free of drafts and working heating appliances... In addition, coverings should be protected from direct sunlight. After 3 days, it is necessary to ventilate the room to remove excess moisture. Temperature range - + 5 ... + 25 degrees.
How to apply plaster with a machine
In the modern construction market, you can find equipment such as plastering machines. It should be noted right away that it is quite expensive, so for one-time or short-term use it is better to rent it. The device consists of a container into which a ready-made solution or components for it are loaded, a supply hose, a nozzle for controlling the intensity of material supply. Also present power cable, compressor and setting panel.
Machine method applying gypsum plaster The procedure for applying plaster:
- Load the finished mixture into the container.
- Connect the equipment to the mains and pick up the supply hose.
- Direct it to the wall, while holding it 30 cm from the surface to be treated.
- Turn on the plaster feed and move from bottom to top.
- The layers of material should overlap each other.
- At the end, the material is leveled and rubbed in the same way as in the case of the usual option application.
How long does gypsum plaster dry
In a well-ventilated area, subject to temperature regime complete drying and set of strength of the material occurs in 7-14 days. After complete drying, the coating becomes even light color... At this stage, you can proceed with further finishing. If a tile was chosen, then you can simply apply glue and mount it. If painting is planned, then the moisture content of the wall can be no more than 1%.
Complete drying of the plastered surface occurs in 7-14 days Important! Accelerate drying of coatings with heating devices forbidden.
Basic requirements for the quality of gypsum plaster
The main requirement is perfect Smooth surface without cracks, chips, dents and potholes. This is quite simple to achieve - just make the right solution and dry the walls. If the color of the wall becomes uneven after drying, it means that a little different solutions... To correct this error, you will have to reapply a thin decorative layer to smooth out the color.
The formation of cracks in the plaster indicates an improperly prepared solution or forced drying of the finished surface The surface should contain subtle pores, if there are none, then the vapor permeability will be lower than the technology requires. If the pores are too large, then the solution was poorly mixed. This can be corrected with a layer of decorative plaster.
On a note! The quality of the coating should not be judged in poor lighting conditions.
Prepare and apply this material very simple. It is enough only to observe the composition of gypsum plasters, as well as carefully read the description of the material and its technical characteristics, which are indicated by the manufacturer.
In our renovation with you, we stopped at what's in the bathroom. To complete the process, it remains for us to wipe the seams and putty the ceiling. So we come to a slightly unusual variety cement mixtures are polymer-cement putties and polymer-cement grouts.
In their composition, these mixtures are similar to tile adhesive- the same gray or white cement, the same cellulose thickener, polymer. But as a filler, either finely dispersed quartz sand (fractions up to 0.3 mm) or marble or limestone flour with the same particle size is used.
Polymer cement putties
Let me remind you that puttying is the final leveling of the surface, with a layer of 1 mm to 1 cm, before the subsequent plastering, painting, wallpapering, etc. Polymer cement putties are used as when facade works, as a finishing layer on lime-cement plasters, and when leveling surfaces inside dry and wet rooms... When working with these putties, it must be remembered that the working capacity of a solution based on them is 2-3 hours. In this case, the coating turns out to be quite tough - the skin must be chosen larger.
Polymer cement grout
A type of polymer-cement putty - tile joint grout. Grouts are classified into white, gray and colored. White and gray in composition are completely identical to cement putties. In the production of colored ones, an inorganic pigment is added to white or ordinary cement. Grouting plays both a decorative role in a tile covering and a protective one. Thanks to the polymer introduced into the cement, as a rule, this is a kind of vinyl acetate (remember PVA glue), grouting does not allow moisture to pass into the tile joints, thereby protecting the adhesive layer.
Grouting compounds represent endless possibilities design fantasy. The picture shows a dark brown grout, into which bronze powder was introduced during mixing. Effect - dark brown metallic color.
White grout can be tinted with tinting pastes, getting completely unusual colors... By the way, in the mosaic, cement-based grout plays the most important role, acting also as adhesive solution: The solution holds the grid of the mosaic map. Ground marble or limestone is used as an aggregate in grouting compounds, since quartz can scratch the glaze of the tiles.
You can use white or gray putty as an adhesive for the mosaic, but in this case it is necessary to add acrylic latex (or acrylic primer) to the mixing water.
Gypsum-based mixtures
These are the lightest and most convenient formulations to work with. Their only drawback is that they can only be used indoors in dry rooms.
Gypsum is known to be a fast-setting and hydrophilic (water-absorbing) compound. In mixtures based on gypsum, the same polymers are introduced in order to reduce water absorption and increase adhesion (adhesive strength), as well as inhibitors - substances that slow down the hardening reaction of gypsum. The simplest example inhibitor - food or technical citric acid. If, when mixed with water for 1 kg of gypsum, you add 10-20 grams citric acid, then the gypsum mass will slow down its hardening up to 30-40 minutes.
Gypsum mixes are divided into:
They consist of a gypsum binder (hereinafter we will call it gypsum, although a mixture of alpha gypsum and anhydride is used in the production), quartz or limestone filler, cellulose thickener and redispersible polymer. Gypsum fillers can be applied in a layer from 1 mm to 1 cm.
Attention! Gypsum is calcium sulfate - CaSO4. When painting a surface leveled with such a mixture, it is necessary to use acid-resistant paints. And, accordingly, observe safety precautions: a plaster cast, even in a small wound, causes very unpleasant sensations.
- Gypsum plasters
Dry mixes that have earned the highest recognition from professional builders. They are lightweight, easy to use, do not shrink (unlike lime-sand-cement putties), quickly harden on the surface and have a fairly high working capacity - from 30 minutes to 1 hour.
You can make the simplest gypsum plaster in your kitchen: take 10 kg of gypsum, 1 kg of slaked lime, 50 grams of citric acid, mix it all with water and mix until you get the consistency of thick sour cream.
The ready-made mixture can be used to close the grooves, level the wall or ceiling. Although industrially prepared plasters also contain fractional sand, a cellulose thickener and a re-hypergly polymer. Expanded perlite or vermiculite - light weightless sands - is added to some compositions to add volume and lightness to the plaster. Average consumption such a plaster is 7 kg / m2 at a layer of 1 cm.
- Gypsum-based assembly adhesives
If we want to glue a drywall sheet to the wall, mineral insulation, a sheet of polystyrene, gypsum-based assembly glue is best suited for us. The composition is similar to that of tile adhesive, except for the main component: gypsum instead of cement.
- Gypsum mixes for floors
Putties based on polymer binder
They differ from the above types of dry mixes in that they do not contain either cement or gypsum. These are putties, almost 100% consisting of filler - fine limestone or marble flour, cellulose thickener and redispersible polymer.
Putties of this type are very convenient in application and subsequent processing (sanding), suitable for subsequent painting or wallpapering. When diluted, they have a working capacity of up to 24 hours. However, these fillers are not intended to level surfaces for tiling. Putties based on a polymer binder are used only inside dry rooms as a finishing layer for leveling the surface and are not used without further coating.
Plastering work is one of the most expensive repair items. As a rule, a large amount of dry mix is spent on leveling walls and ceilings. What types of plasters are there? Which manufacturer should you choose? How to save on plaster and is it worth doing? How to get quality material and distinguish counterfeit products? You will find the answers to these difficult questions in our article.
The backbone of the basics. Types of plaster
Almost all dry plaster mixes are produced according to the same principle. The composition is approximately the same, only the main component is different - the binder. Cement, gypsum, limestone or a combination of two components are used as a binder. Cement-based plasters (cement and cement-lime) are used for external (finishing of building facades) and internal works (unheated premises and rooms with high humidity). Gypsum mixes are intended for interior decoration only.
Pros and cons of cement plaster
In addition to the main component - cement different types(Portland cement, alumina, expanding or slag cement) - the plaster contains a filler (river or quarry sand) and various additives (fillers and plasticizers).
The advantages of cement mortar include:
Universal purpose (facade and interior work);
long-term viability of the prepared solution (you can knead several bags of plaster in a concrete mixer, using as needed);
high strength dry surface;
affordable cost at a relatively low cost.
At the same time, cement plaster also has several significant disadvantages:
Poor adhesion (adhesion) to concrete surfaces;
long curing time (about two weeks);
the need for finishing puttying;
high humidity during work (for high-quality crystallization of cement particles, the surface must be sprayed with water);
dust and dirt during work (cement particles are distinguished by a small fraction, due to which they easily rise into the air and enter the respiratory tract).
Surface cracking can be a major problem when applying cementitious plaster. The drying composition shrinks significantly, which can cause irregularities. For this reason, no aids (hair dryers, heat guns, fans), the plaster must naturally harden.
Features of cement-lime plaster
The composition of the factory mix includes Portland cement, slaked (hydrated) lime, fine quartz sand, fiberglass and various water-retaining additives.
Among the advantages of the solution are:
Good adhesion to most substrates (lays on concrete, foam block, wood, brick);
bactericidal properties (lime protects against mold, bacteria and fungus);
good plasticity and long pot life.
Final drying time is about 3 months;
if the technology is violated, cracks may appear on the walls;
mortar may cause skin irritation.
Lime and cement-based plaster has an amazing ability - it creates a comfortable microclimate in the room, taking moisture from the air and evaporating it when increased dryness... After hardening, the surface is resistant to mechanical damage and temperature changes.
Advantages and disadvantages of gypsum plaster
Standard gypsum plaster is based on gray, cream or white gypsum, lightweight fillers (to reduce consumption) and modifying additives.
Due to the large number of advantages, the gypsum mixture is excellent for interior decoration:
Dries quickly;
does not require additional puttying;
plastic, does not slide off the walls during work;
applied in one or two layers;
does not shrink and does not crack;
produces little dust (in comparison with other types of plaster).
Among the disadvantages of the gypsum mixture are:
Low pot life of the solution (about 40 minutes);
low resistance to mechanical damage;
instability to moisture.
Gypsum plaster has good thermal insulation properties, which allows not only to align the walls, but also to save on heating. In addition, gypsum absorbs well excess moisture- even if neighbors flood you, the walls will dry out within a few days.
Plasters with additives
Modifying additives included in plaster mixes improve the physicochemical characteristics of mortars in several ways:
Increase the service life and strength of the coating;
facilitate the conduct finishing works;
prevent moisture evaporation from the finished solution;
protect against the appearance of mold and mildew.
Depending on the used modifiers and plasticizers and their specific volume, there are several types of specialized plasters:
"Warm". The composition includes foam glass, perlite, expanded polystyrene chips and others heat insulating materials... Due to its low weight, it does not make the structure heavier.
Sound insulating. Absorbs extraneous noise thanks to expanded clay, slag, perlite or pumice included in the solution.
Waterproofing. The composition is used in bathrooms and toilets.
Fire resistant. Resists the action of open flames, suitable for work areas in the kitchen and decoration of boiler rooms and furnaces.
It should be noted separately decorative plasters... Typically, these mixtures are used as topcoat... Leveling the walls with textured mortar is not a cheap pleasure. Therefore, I use a gypsum mixture as a base, and decorative plaster acts as a putty.
"Plaster" brands
All major manufacturers of dry building mixes have in their assortment a line of plasters for indoor and outdoor use.
The palm, of course, is held by the German Knauf firm with gypsum plasters "Rotband", "Goldband", "HP-Start" and cement plasters "Grunband" (universal), "Unterputz" (front), "Zokelputz" (for the basement). "Rotband" is considered universal option, it can be used for both walls and ceilings. Finishing crews love Knauf products for ease of use and great quality... There are also disadvantages: it is this brand that is most often counterfeited, and the cost of the famous plaster is quite high.
The honorable second place is shared by Volma, Prospectors and Eunice. Concerns' products are presented in almost every hardware store... Volma offers gypsum plasters "Volma-layer" (does not require additional puttying, glossy to a shine), "Volma-canvas" (lightened by adding fillers), "Volma-plast" (with increased plasticity). The names of cement mixes speak for themselves: Volma-socle, Volma-aquaplast and Volma-aquasloy.
The Yunis company presents Teplon plaster for interior work (Teplon white, Teplon gray, Teplon moisture resistant), economical option"Standard" gray and white, universal plaster "Silin" (Silin front, Silin basement, Silin for interior work) and decorative mixtures "Fur coat-decor" and "Bark beetle-decor".
Gray and white gypsum-based plaster mixes are most in demand among Prospectors.
Among dry mixes, average price category Plasters "Rotgips" (Perm), "Osnovit" and "Ceresit" have proven themselves well.
Budget options don't always justify their cost. As a rule, the lion's share of the price falls on plasticizers and modifying additives. With a decrease in cost, manufacturers will be forced to save on quality, using an insufficient amount of additives or completely abandoning them.
Alas, almost everything is counterfeited in our market, but dry building mixtures are especially fond of counterfeit manufacturers. It is very difficult to name the exact percentage of quality and counterfeit products, according to some information counterfeit products can reach 15-20 percent of the total volume.
Most often, they are "copied" famous brands, while shop workers use three main methods:
Packing cement-sand mixture in branded bags (packaging is ordered from the printing house).
Packing branded dry mixes in less bulky packaging (a thirty-kilogram bag is scattered into bags of 1-2 kg).
Gluing the top layer on kraft bags (in this case, inexpensive packaged products are taken, the top layer is carefully removed from the bag, a copy of the packaging of a well-established brand is glued on top of it).
It is quite difficult to distinguish a fake, but not impossible. The so-called manufacturers cannot afford the high quality equipment that is installed on large factories, therefore, no one has yet managed to make the perfect counterfeit.
To avoid any unpleasant surprises when buying, please note the following points:
Purchase plaster from authorized dealers (a list of representatives in your city can be found on the website of dry mix manufacturers) or in large chain stores.
Carefully study the quality of the packaging: the bag should be three-layer, with a clear logo. Blurry pictures and letters are a clear sign of a fake.
Many brands supply bags with holographic stickers, which are extremely difficult to counterfeit.
The manufacturer, production date and product expiration date must be indicated on the bag. Do not buy mixtures with an expired or expired shelf life - their properties can be strikingly different from those stated.
Major manufacturers put a release time on each bag. The time on the die should differ on different bags by at least a second. If the numbers are the same everywhere, then you have one hundred percent counterfeit.
Ask the seller for certificates and quality certificates for the presented product. The documents must be original. If you are offered a photocopy, then it must bear the blue seal of the seller's company.
Do not purchase a large batch of plaster at once. If possible, it is worth getting one or two bags and trying them out.
Counterfeiting is not the only nuisance that can happen when buying plaster. Pay Special attention where the mixtures are stored and in what condition the bags are. Perfect option- a dry, closed room in which products are placed on racks (on pallets and in their original packaging). If the storage conditions are violated, the gypsum mixture is quickly absorbed by moisture, and the cement is set in lumps. To cook quality solution from such plaster is impossible.
When choosing plaster, do not rely on the cost of the bag. Find the consumption of the mixture (it is indicated on the label) and convert the cost into square meters(the surface that you can plaster with a mixture from one bag). It may happen that the “expensive” composition, in fact, turns out to be much more profitable than the cheap bag.
When purchasing a plastering solution, take care of the putty in advance. It should be on the same base as the plaster, ideally from the same manufacturer.