Spring spraying of fruit trees and shrubs. Solution of needles from insects

The quality of the future harvest depends on how timely the garden is treated for diseases and pests in the spring. The awakening of nature is a crucial stage in the care of fruit-bearing trees and shrubs. Pests not destroyed in time can cause damage for years to come. Spring, especially early, is the most favorable period for spraying the garden.

Preparing for spring processing

With the establishment of heat, pests wake up along with the plants, so the task is to get rid of them before the young leaves are harmed. It is necessary to destroy the larvae before the ovaries begin to appear, so as not to harm future fruits, as well as the insects that pollinate them. Spring processing is a good prevention of diseases of trees and shrubs for the whole.

Processing a summer cottage is a set of measures that requires careful adherence to deadlines. Until the snow melts, it is necessary to make a round of the garden and remove the remnants of last year's vegetation - the source of infections. Pruning dry, broken, frozen branches in winter. Early spring is favorable for tree crown formation. The cut points must be painted over or processed garden pitch.

Stages of processing a garden plot

Garden protection is carried out in several stages, each has features and tight time frames:

• early spring;
• before bud break;
• before and after the end of flowering;
• the appearance of bonds.

Early spring

The first event after the snow melts is whitewashing or painting tree trunks. Of course, this should be done in the fall in order to protect the bark from rodents and cracking during the winter. But in any case, in the spring it is necessary to update the color in order to burn out the pests that wintered in the bark and disinfect the trees. In addition, whitewashing effectively protects the trunks from sunburn.

Before staining, they are cleaned of dried bark, exfoliated during the winter, fungal formations, growths. It's better to do wire brush or with a plastic spatula, being careful not to overdo it to avoid damaging the wood. After removing all unnecessary, treat the exposed areas with paint or garden pitch. Beforehand, it is useful to disinfect with copper sulphate, prepared in a proportion of 10 g per 1 liter of water, or with a weak solution of potassium permanganate. After cleaning, you can start painting.

Trunk whitewashing

2 kg of dry lime is dissolved in 10 l (bucket) of water, 300 g of copper sulfate are added. The resulting liquid after thorough mixing is ready for use. The advantage of this processing method is good disinfecting properties (due to copper sulphate), ease of preparation and use. Disadvantage: the layer of whitewash applied to the barrel does not adhere well due to weather conditions.

Coloring

use acrylic paints, they include fungicides that can protect trees from many diseases. The method is easy to use and provides reliable protection. Flaw: high price(compared to lime).

With both methods, the trunk and base of the lower branches are painted. The processing time is after the snow cover has melted and the topsoil has dried out.

Spraying diesel fuel

Adherents of folk pest control methods spray trees and shrubs with diesel fuel in spring. It creates an oil layer under which the larvae suffocate for several hours. The method is exotic, but quite effective.

Before bud break

During this period, soil insects, mites, and various caterpillars hatch. At the same time, it is necessary to process trees from scab, black cancer, anthracnose, moniliosis. Pests and diseases must be fought with the help of insecticides: Aktara, Lannat, Calypso, Avant. When using them, you should carefully read the instructions and take the necessary safety measures.

Many use a budget tool - blue vitriol. It is necessary to dilute 100 g per 10 liters of water.

Tobacco processing

Opponents of chemistry use a solution natural ingredients, for example, tobacco. For 3 liters of hot water (approximately 70 ° C), 200 g of tobacco are added, 100 g of garlic, onion peel, needles, orange peels. The resulting mixture should stand for a week. Before use, dissolve the volume in 10 liters of water, adding 100 g of finely chopped tar soap. The repeated procedure of spraying with a tobacco mixture is carried out after 10-12 days.

We should not forget about the general "hygiene" of the garden - cut branches, dry foliage, the remains of last year's vegetation must be collected and burned. Pests hibernated there.

Garden protection before and after flowering

Still unopened buds fruit trees must be protected from caterpillars, scab and spotting. the best way is spraying with karbofos 10% concentration, diluted at the rate of 70 g per 10 liters of warm water. Work should be carried out before the buds open. During flowering, spraying is not recommended.

colloidal sulfur

During the flowering period, ticks awaken. If anti-mite treatment is not carried out before the buds open, they will cause significant harm to the garden. A solution of colloidal sulfur helps well: 80 g of a paste of 70% concentration is dissolved in 10 liters of water, 100 g of laundry soap must be added. You can use insecticidal preparations "Decis" or "Fitokol".

Processing at the appearance of the first ovaries

It is carried out in order to prevent fruit diseases and destroy the remaining pests. It must be carried out carefully, trying to prevent an overdose of drugs. For spraying plants that have entered the vegetative period, use the "Bordeaux mixture".

But it is better to refrain from chemicals because of the risk of poisoning them with already emerging fruits. You can prepare a natural solution:

• Tincture of garlic: 200 g of crushed cloves are diluted in 0.5 liters of water. Withstand for a week. The resulting tincture is mixed with water at the rate of 50 g per bucket of water.
• Mustard tincture. Used during the growing season, is safe means. Used to control pests such as caterpillars, codling moths, sawflies. 100 g of mustard powder is dissolved in 10 liters of water, insisted for two days. One part before use is diluted in two parts of water.
• Wormwood tincture. An effective remedy for combating caterpillars, aphids, suckers, and other insects. One kilogram of dry wormwood is boiled for 15 minutes in 5 liters of water. Approximately 1 kg of chicken manure, previously infused in 3 liters of water for at least a day, is added to the cooled mixture. Bred in a bucket of water.
• Dandelion tincture besides effective protection helps to "utilize" the weed that appears during this period on garden plot. 200 g of coltsfoot (together with rhizomes) are poured into 10 liters of warm water, let it brew for 2 hours. Only fresh infusion is suitable for processing.

Rules for processing fruit trees

There is no strict technology, but there is a basis that should be followed:

• Processing is carried out from the crown towards the trunk.
• After spraying the branches, it is necessary to carefully process the tree itself and the soil under it.

The time of the manipulation is early morning and evening, after sunset. It is not recommended to do this during the daytime - the solution dries quickly in the sun, not having time to be absorbed. For spraying the garden, you need to choose a dry, calm day.

Planting fruit-bearing trees and shrubs is only the first stage of their cultivation. For getting good harvest need to provide plants proper care. Mandatory procedure for fruit crops is spring spraying, which prevents the development of diseases and provides control of insects.

Protecting the garden from pests in spring

Whitewashing trunks, digging the soil around bushes / trees, spraying plants with chemicals - these are three important procedures, which includes spring processing garden from pests and diseases. With the help of the first, the bark is disinfected, which is often a source of pests and diseases. Tillage through digging helps to control pests living in the ground. This procedure is carried out shortly before spraying the garden. protective equipment. For spring processing, different compositions are used, including gentle organic liquids.

Before bud break

Processing the garden from diseases, pests is in stages. Spraying should begin in early spring, early March, when there are no buds on the trees yet. At the same time, it is important Special attention give to such garden crops as raspberries, currants, gooseberries. It is necessary to clean the plants from dried branches, fruits, cut the crown of trees and remove the old bark. Cut branches, other parts of shrubs should be burned.

Processing the garden in the spring from diseases and pests is carried out after this preparatory period. Any effective drugs: copper or iron vitriol, urea, urea, diesel fuel, Bordeaux mixture, etc. Early spring spraying of fruit trees in the spring helps to get rid of the apple flower beetle, weevils, sawflies, ticks, and some types of fungal diseases.

Treatment of trees after flowering

When the flowering of fruit crops ends, it's time to start the next spring treatment of the garden from pests and diseases. Last procedure spraying is carried out when the trees / bushes shed all the petals, and ovaries appear in place of the flowers. It is necessary to spray the plants during this period in order to protect them from putrefactive diseases and help develop immunity against spots and fungi.

It is desirable that the processing of the garden after flowering ends with a thorough inspection of each fruit crop for the presence of pests. Sometimes even a few procedures do not bring the expected result, and the plantations are still subjected to negative influence aphids or other midges. If you find insects, destroy them, but most insecticides are not allowed during the fruiting period. It is better in this case to treat the plants with urea.

How to spray fruit trees in spring

Spring treatment of fruit trees from pests involves the use of chemical, organic or combined formulations. Each type has its pros and cons:

• So, chemicals are very effective and easy to use, but their effect ends 1-2 weeks after spraying.
• Organic substances are as safe as possible for the garden and people, but they are not universal, as they help in the fight against only some insects and diseases.
• Combined remedies are considered the most effective for spring garden treatment from pests and diseases.

Nitrofen

Treatment with copper sulphate

As a rule, spring treatment of the garden from pests and diseases involves spraying trees / bushes with copper sulphate. This liquid is suitable for combating powdery mildew, scab, spotting, rot. You can use copper sulfate all year round, under different weather conditions. To achieve maximum efficiency, an equal part of slaked lime is added to the composition (the mixture is 1: 1). As a result, gardeners have Bordeaux liquid, which is even more effective against insects.

Spraying with urea

This procedure allows you to avoid many diseases - moniliosis, scab, coccomycosis and putrefaction. Urea is able to destroy the pupae and eggs of various insect pests. The tool acts as a fertilizer, saturating the plantations with nitrogen, due to which the vegetation process is activated. Urea is a mixture of ash and soap solution. Prepare the product by diluting a kilogram in a 10-liter bucket of water wood ash. After the liquid is boiled, filtered and allowed to brew for a short time. Before use, 20 g of green soap and 30 g of urea are added to the product.

When to Spray Trees for Pests in Spring

Many summer residents intuitively choose the time to water plants with insecticides, but they do it too early or delay the process. Meanwhile, spraying must be carried out strictly on time, otherwise you will not destroy the pests or, together with them, eliminate the insects that pollinate the gardens. The result of this approach will be the absence of an ovary. Experienced gardeners it is advised to process fruit-bearing trees / bushes several times in the spring season, using different formulations. Below is a table showing the timings that are suitable for processing funds.

Spring is the beginning of garden work for. Not only nature awakens, but also various insects- pests that prevent the growth and fruiting of fruit trees and shrubs. To keep pests on suburban area was as small as possible, it is important not to lose time, and to carry out the processing of plants on time. How to process trees and bushes spring in the garden from pests? The answer to this question will help you save not only the plant, but also its fruits.

How to treat trees and bushes in the spring in the garden from pests?

Processing trees and shrubs - what to use?

With the onset of heat and with the snow melting, you can proceed to the spring inspection of fruit trees and shrubs, with a view to their further processing. First of all, it is necessary to cut off excess diseased branches and branches, clean the trunk from dead bark and lichen present on it. Cleaned places should be treated with garden pitch or other special means.

• Whitewashing plants. Usually, a solution of slaked lime is used for whitewashing, which is applied in two layers to enhance the effect. Currently, products for whitewashing trees and shrubs containing copper sulfate and PVA glue have appeared on sale. This composition is more stable than mortar, and protects against pests and disinfects the bark.

• Digging the soil. 3-4 days before spraying trees, you need to dig up the soil around them, in order to bring pests to the surface, where they will be destroyed.

• spraying. You can start spraying all trees and shrubs from the end of March. Processing is best done in the evening.

For the treatment of trees and shrubs, various preparations are used. Of the chemicals most often used are the following types.

• Even before the buds swell (preferably at the end of March), all the trees and bushes on the site should be sprayed with a solution of copper sulfate (100 grams are taken per bucket of water). This will help to avoid fungal diseases, the formation of mosses and lichens, black cancer, scab. Bordeaux liquid also helps well. These are the most popular and proven tools.
• To protect grapes from spotted necrosis, anthracnose and bacterial cancer, it must be treated with an aqueous solution of iron sulfate (200 grams per bucket of water), spraying the vine and the soil under the plant. It is necessary to carry out the procedure before the swelling of the kidneys, in the period until mid-April.
• Pears and apple trees must be treated before flowering with Iskra-M, Fufanon, Karbofos preparations. They are able to prevent the appearance of ticks, weevils, flower beetles, suckers. If the pests have already settled on the plants, then the treatment must be carried out twice. The second time - after flowering.

But often, summer residents are used to process horticultural crops, and folk methods. For example, to get rid of spider mite use an infusion of onion peel. Against caterpillars and aphids - an infusion of garlic. Bred in hot water laundry soap and ash, help to cope with aphids, sucker, powdery mildew.

In order to qualitatively process trees and shrubs, they usually use hand pump or a sprayer, holding it during the procedure at a distance of 80 - 100 centimeters from the plants. From such a distance, the solution will fall on the leaves and branches in the form of small drops. When spraying, for self-defense against pesticides, you should use a respirator (or gauze bandage), goggles, a hat and gloves. Spraying of trees is carried out from top to bottom, first the upper branches, and then the lower ones. After the branches, the trunk and the area under the tree are treated.

So, now you know how to process trees and bushes spring in the garden from pests? But it must be remembered that processing should be done only with a newly prepared preparation.

See also video:

Spraying trees and shrubs in spring

Stages of processing fruit trees from pests and insects

Chemical spraying is considered the most effective preventive measure, and is carried out in several stages:

• The first stage - after the snow melts, before bud break (early spring spraying). Usually it is the end of March, with temperatures ranging from above 5 degrees Celsius.

During this period, tree trunks are carefully examined for the presence of insect clutches, old and exfoliated bark is removed, after which they are treated with lime-containing products. In early spring the method of treatment with diesel fuel is used - after spraying, it creates an oily film, under which pupae and insect eggs die within a few hours.

It is also necessary to carry out preventive treatment with insecticides (Aktara, Alatar) with the addition of fungicides (Agrolekar, Bronex, Bordeaux mixture).

• The second - from mid-April, after the first leaves bloom (green cone phase).

Before flowering, it is necessary to complete the second stage of processing from the codling moth. Organophosphorus agents are used, such as: Azamthiophos, Glyphosphate. as well as biological active substances Bacillus subtilis: strain 26 D, M-22 VIZR, IPM 215.

• The third - after flowering is completed at the end of May.

During the flowering period, pest control is not performed, but you can protect the color from diseases and ticks that come out of hibernation immediately after it is completed. Copper sulphate and "Preparation 30 V" should be used. Biological pesticides are also suitable: Abamectin, Spinosad, Aversectin S.

• The last treatment takes place in the fall, after the leaves have fallen to reduce the number of pests that have settled down for the winter.

During this period, spraying with substances of general action against pests and diseases is carried out so that they do not have time to hide for the winter. Use Karambid, iron vitriol and Fufafon.

For old, but still fruit-bearing plants, additional strengthening top dressing is carried out in July, for better formation and further ripening of fruits.

The most effective preparations for processing the garden

• Fufafon - will protect trees from apple, plum sawfly, cherry weevil, bud mites;
• Carbamide (urea) - from aphids, sucker, caterpillar, apple flower beetle, leafworm caterpillar. 50 gr. urea is diluted in 10 liters of water and sprayed on the garden after flowering. After entering the soil, urea additionally fertilizes it;
• Copper sulphate (copper sulfate) protects against curl, coccomycosis, moniliosis, black cancer, scab, phyllosticosis, fruit rot. 100 gr. vitriol is diluted in 10 liters of water. Consumption from 2 to 5 liters. solution per tree, depending on size, per bush - up to 1.5 liters. Plant roots are prophylactically disinfected from bacterial and fungal infections by immersing them in a ready-made 3% solution for 3 minutes. Copper sulphate is a toxic substance; it is strictly forbidden to pour residues into water bodies;

• Iron vitriol destroys moss, lichen, septosporosis, cytosporosis, powdery mildew, gray rot. Additionally replenishes the lack of iron in fruit trees. Due to the high acidity, ferrous sulfate can burn the leaves, so a 3% solution is used before blooming, and in the fall after the leaves fall. The rest of the time, 1% will do;
• "Preparation 30 V" - relieves scale insects, aphids, moths, whiteflies, red and brown fruit mites. The drug creates a film on the bark and disrupts the metabolism in the eggs and larvae of insects, leading to their death. 200 gr. diluted in 10 liters of water and sprayed before the buds open and after the leaves fall, taking a break once every 2 years;
• Bordeaux mixture protects against curliness, monoliosis and scab. 150 gr. copper sulphate is bred in warm water, 200 gr. lime is quenched in a metal bowl. Then, a solution of copper sulphate, while stirring, is poured into a solution of lime.

Spring time is the beginning of worries for summer residents and gardeners. How much you need to do to get a rich harvest of vegetables and fruits! It is during this period that the bulk of the work related to the preparation of the soil, trees, shrubs and other plants falls. In spring, nature wakes up, and with it, numerous insects. Spring treatment of the garden from diseases and pests plays a very important role. Therefore, you need to know how to properly carry it out in order to achieve a good harvest.

Comprehensive care

Spring treatment of the garden from diseases and pests includes three important points. Firstly, it is the whitewashing of tree trunks. This helps to decontaminate the bark, which can be a source of disease and pests. Gardeners use it for this. It is applied in two layers. Modern preparations that are designed to process the bark contain chalk, PVA glue and copper sulfate. Second important point- this is tillage near shrubs and trees. This is a simple digging of the earth with a shovel.

Trees or shrubs are dug around, and all the pests are at the top. This procedure is carried out a few days before the treatment of trees with chemicals. This is the third stage of complex care. Spring processing of the garden from pests and diseases is carried out by any suitable means. It is better to choose gentle, but effective drugs.

Three stages

Processing and spraying the garden from pests and diseases takes place in three stages. The first procedure is carried out very early (early or mid-March), when the buds on the trees have not yet blossomed. In this case, special attention should be paid to such shrubs as raspberries, gooseberries and currants. We clean the plantings from old and dried branches and fruits. We cut the crown of the trees and remove the old bark on the trunks.

All old branches must be removed outside the garden or burned. After that, the spring treatment of the garden from pests and diseases is carried out with any effective preparations. The second time this procedure is carried out before flowering. In this way, you can get rid of weevils, apple flower beetle, sawflies and some fungal diseases. After flowering ends, the third spring treatment of the garden from diseases and pests is carried out.

A little about pests

Any gardener needs to know what pests are that harm plantings and reduce yields. Only in this case it is possible to notice changes in time and get rid of them. uninvited guests. The main pests are numerous weevils. These include bukarok and geese. All of them have a long proboscis, which is broken by unopened buds - they dry up and die. These pests infect fruit trees, which leads to lower yields.

Shrubs are more susceptible to attack by small insects: aphids, caterpillars, spider mites and currant moths. The damage inflicted by them, you can not immediately notice. The garden sawfly infects the plant during the flowering period. The insect lays its eggs in the ovary of the flower, and the larvae gnaw it out. Fruits in this case are not formed and fall off. One of the most dangerous pests- It's an apple mite. These insects infect trees in whole colonies. The site of attack is the kidneys. They do not develop and disappear. That is why it is important to treat trees for pests in the spring, before buds open and bloom.

Diseases of trees and shrubs

In addition to pests, diseases are a great danger to shrubs and trees. The most common of these is scab, which mainly affects apple and pear trees. Its causative agent is a fungus. Signs of scab appear on the leaves and fruits in the form of small light green spots. Then they are covered with a velvety coating of brownish-olive color. Wu is striking upper part leaves, and the pear - the bottom. The disease leads to drying and falling of leaves. The fruits change their shape, and in places of lesions become hard. Scab fungus overwinters on fallen, dried leaves and young shoots. In spring, spores become active and infect the lower part of the crown.

Spring treatment of the garden will help protect plants from diseases and pests. Gray rot usually affects cherries and plums. Its signs appear immediately after flowering trees. The branches dry up, and the flowers become dark, but do not fall off. On the fruits under the influence of the disease appears dark spot, which gradually covers the entire fruit. The fungus overwinters in branches, shoots and affected fruits. The disease develops in spring period in damp conditions. Early spring protection garden from diseases and pests will help to cope with these problems.

Processing tools

Any gardener should always have at hand an inventory that will facilitate his work. Some tools are simply necessary. Spring treatment of the garden against diseases and pests is a simple procedure that requires certain adaptations. They can be purchased in specialized stores. With them, the spring processing of the garden will be easier. What to use for work? Special pumps or sprayers are best suited for this.

They allow high-quality processing with minimum consumption drug, which should lie down in small droplets on each leaf, twig and fruit. Such devices allow you to get even the most distant branches. To do this, you need to choose a hose of a suitable length. Sprayers operate on the principle of irrigation. Therefore, the sprayer must be kept at a distance from the object (about 70 centimeters).

Security

Processing trees from pests in the spring should be carried out taking into account all safety measures. All insecticides are dangerous to humans and animals. For processing, you need to choose clear, and most importantly, calm weather. Be sure to use a respirator or at least a gauze bandage. The presence of glasses is also a prerequisite, because getting the drug into the eyes can lead to very sad consequences. It is necessary to put on a protective cap on the head, since the probability of falling small drops from above is very high.

Well, rubber gloves will become reliable protection hands. Armed with these tools, you can not worry about your health. When choosing a drug, it is better to give preference to less dangerous, but more effective. Do not forget about beneficial insects, which can be harmed by spraying trees and shrubs.

Processing rules

Processing and spraying the garden from pests and diseases has its own rules. Their observance increases the efficiency of the procedure and reduces the risk of the process. First, this correct application drug. It must be evenly sprayed over the entire surface of the plants. Modern devices designed for this allow you to do this without difficulty. The main thing is not to miss a single section. Secondly, the leaves must be processed on each side. Some pests are located on inside sheet. Thoroughly rinse all equipment and clean protective equipment after each spraying. Immediately after contact with toxic substances, wash your hands well, wash your face and rinse your mouth.

Plant protection products

There are three types of drugs that are used for the most common - these are chemicals. They are produced by enterprises specializing in this and have factory packaging. Applying them is very easy. Chemicals easily and quickly dissolve in water. Their duration depends on several factors and ranges from a few days to a month. Usually, these drugs affect a specific type of pest or disease. The second group is the combined means. These are very effective drugs that at one time help get rid of several diseases or pests. The third type is biological agents. They do not belong to chemicals. Their action is based on the activity of bacteria and microorganisms.

The use of drugs

In the first spraying, which is carried out before bud break, use insecticides with copper and iron vitriol. Also, the treatment with Bordeaux liquid gives an excellent effect. It will help get rid of the flower beetle, scab, spotting and destroy all insect larvae. Before flowering, preparations with copper, anabasin, karbofos and DDT powder are used. They destroy weevils, ticks, many fungal diseases and enhance plant immunity. After flowering, during the third treatment, you can give preference to combined preparations. This will be an excellent prevention of the formation of wood rot.

Bordeaux liquid

The cheapest and effective remedy It's Bordeaux liquid. But what to cook it, you need to know some subtleties. To get such a wonderful tool, you need to take 300 grams of copper sulfate, which is sold in hardware and specialized stores, and 500 grams of slaked lime. Copper sulfate must be dissolved in hot water (3 liters). The temperature of the liquid should be in the range of 50-60 degrees. It is undesirable to use metal utensils for this. When the liquid has cooled, it must be filtered. Separately, we dissolve the lime and also filter it.

Then pour the lime solution into a larger bowl and pour copper sulfate into it in a thin stream. During the whole process, do not forget to constantly stir the solution. It should turn out homogeneous, without flakes. Then we bring the total volume of the drug to 10 liters. If, when lowering a nail into a solution, a copper coating forms on it, then the volume of lime should be increased. Strain the mixture again. Bordeaux liquid is ready. But remember one rule: pour copper sulfate into lime, and not vice versa.

Preparations and their purpose

The most popular remedies are Bordeaux liquid and blue vitriol, which is diluted in a proportion of 100 grams per 10 liters of water. From ticks and larvae of pests, the drug "Neoron" very effectively helps and For the destruction of weevils, trapping belts are used, which include glue. Here one can highlight " Clean house"," Viola "and" In-vlip. In the fight against leafworms, suckers, aphids, apple beetles and moths, Inta-vir, Fastak, Kinmiks and Decis help. Against scab and some fungal diseases, you can use the drug Nitrafen, Chlorophos, Tanrek, Raek and a urea solution (5 percent). For processing apple trees, pears, cherries, plums, apricots, peaches, currants and grapes, Horus, Skor, Delan, HOM and Bordeaux liquid are suitable. They will help to cope with leaf curl, rust, spotting, moniliosis, coccomycosis, gnawing and sucking pests.

The ideal time to spray is when the buds are already swollen but not open. Spring processing is carried out early in the morning or at least before lunch. This will protect the plants from spraying. Spraying should start at the top of the tree. Don't forget to work the trunk and the ground around the bush or tree. It is necessary to dilute drugs before their direct use. Use all the liquid without leaving it until next time. Do not forget about safety, then the spring treatment of the garden from pests will be effective and harmless. Advice is never superfluous, so you should listen to them.