Accidents can happen to every person, and no one is immune from them. Such situations, as a rule, happen completely unexpectedly, and a person faced with such a disaster needs immediate first aid. And often the future health of the victim, and sometimes his life, depends only on those around him. Bites of poisonous snakes and insects are considered a rather rare type of accidents, but, nevertheless, you need to have information on what first aid should be for snake and insect bites.
First aid for a snake bite
Certain species of snakes are venomous. And a person faced with the bite of such an animal can never be sure of its safety. It is worth noting that the aggressive effect of the poison may not appear immediately, but only after an hour. Therefore, in such an accident, you must immediately call an ambulance or go to the hospital. Before the arrival of specialists, first aid should be provided to the victim.
First, it must be immobilized (at least a bitten limb). So the venom of the vipers spreads along with the flow of lymph, and physical activity can increase the speed of its movement. It is advisable to position the victim so that his head is lower than his legs.
After that, you need to start squeezing and sucking the poison out of the wound. Continue this procedure for a quarter of an hour. Some experts claim that this way you can eliminate about half of the poison. Snake venom is not able to enter the body through the oral cavity (in the absence of ulcers and cuts in it), but saliva must be spit out after each suction. After completing this manipulation, rinse the wound and mouth with water.
Then quickly and carefully apply the bandage just above the bite site. A strip of any fabric should be tied quite tightly, but a pair of fingers should be inserted between it and the skin. This will help slow the spread of the poison, but not harm your circulation. If swelling increases, the dressing should be loosened.
Some experts advise applying a bandage along the entire length of the affected limb.
Do not use a tourniquet, it will lead to impaired blood circulation and will cause active tissue breakdown in the area of the bite. They will begin to poison the victim's body and can cause gangrene.
To reduce the concentration of the poison, it is recommended to give the victim more liquid - water, tea, etc. If the ambulance does not arrive for a long time, and the person's condition worsens, inject him with some kind of anti-inflammatory or antihistamine drug. For this purpose, prednisone, suprastin or diphenhydramine can be used. To eliminate painful sensations, it is worth giving the patient analgesics.
In no case should you cut, cauterize the wounds and inject the affected area with medicines. Also, alcohol should not be given to the victim.
When transporting the victim to the hospital, make sure that he practically does not move. It is better to place it on a stretcher or carry it on your hands. The bitten limb must be fixed with a splint.
First aid for insect bites
In most cases, insect bites cause a mild reaction - skin irritation, itching, burning pain and slight swelling. These symptoms disappear in one to two days. Possible delayed reactions include rashes, fever, joint pain, and some swollen lymph nodes. In a small percentage of people, the bite leads to serious allergic reactions (including anaphylaxis).
In case of severe allergic reactions, the patient's face swells, breathing becomes difficult, abdominal pain and shock occur.
First aid depends on the symptoms observed in the victim and on which insect has bitten him. So when a tick bites, it is worth placing cotton wool moistened with vegetable oil on top of it. Next, carefully remove the tick and seek medical attention.
If you have been bitten by stinging insects (hornets, bees, wasps) - carefully remove the sting, but do not squeeze the skin. Apply cotton wool moistened with vodka, alcohol, or to the affected area. Next, apply ice to it to eliminate or reduce the puffiness.
For mosquito bites, you do not need to comb the affected area. Apply a soda solution or peroxide compress to relieve itching. To avoid allergies, take an antihistamine.
For flea bites, wash the affected area with soap or antiseptic. Apply a cold compress over the bite. To eliminate itching, you can use a lotion from a soda or calamine solution.
If any insect bite is painful, take either acetaminophen (). And to eliminate itching, it is best to use antihistamines or topical methods (described above).
In the event that an insect bite causes a serious deterioration in well-being (serious allergic reaction), call an ambulance immediately. At the same time, keep calm, leave the place where the insects accumulate. Take an antihistamine (such as a couple of diphenylhydramine tablets). If wheezing occurs, it is worth inhaling a bronchodilator to widen the airways.
If the bite has caused severe weakness, lie with your feet above your head. This will allow blood to actively flow to the brain.
Allergy sufferers should always carry a set of adrenaline. In case of an allergic reaction, it must be administered according to the instructions.
If you are near a person who has lost consciousness and pulse due to an insect bite, be sure to provide the victim with first aid in the form of cardiopulmonary resuscitation.
Insect and snake bites can pose a threat to life and health. Therefore, the provision of first aid in such situations plays an extremely important role.
Additional Information
Various traditional medicines can be used to eliminate the effects of bites.
So, if you are bitten by a bee(or other stinging insect), remove the sting and apply mashed parsley leaves to the affected area. The juice of this plant will perfectly eliminate pain, inflammation and swelling.
In parallel, it is worth taking a decoction made from parsley roots. To prepare it, you need to brew a couple of tablespoons of chopped plant materials with half a liter of boiling water. Insist in a thermos for eight to ten hours, then strain. Take a quarter to a third of a glass three times a day about half an hour before a meal. This will help neutralize allergic reactions.
Traditional medicine experts say that some folk remedies will help deal with the effects of snake bites... So a good effect is given by the reception of infusion. Brew a tablespoon of dried crushed raw materials with half a liter of only boiled water. After two to three hours, strain and take half a glass four times a day, about an hour or two after a meal.
Also with snake bites it is worth brewing three tablespoons of dried boiling water crushed by half a liter. Insist the medicine in a thermos for eight to twelve hours, then strain. Take a glass three times a day about half an hour before a meal. Such a remedy perfectly removes toxins from the body. By the way, it is recommended to use it after stinging insect bites.
If you have been bitten by mosquitoes, rub the elderberry leaves in your hands, or lubricate the affected area with them. Such a simple medicine will help to quickly cope with puffiness and disinfect the bite.
Yet with mosquito and horsefly bites it is worth crushing one clove in a garlic dish. Dilute it with a little water. Soak a small piece of tissue in the resulting solution and apply to the affected area. Such a remedy will relieve pain and itching, as well as help prevent swelling.
Traditional medicine experts also advise using mint to treat insect bites. Squeeze the juice out of the fresh grass (or simply rub it in your hands) and apply on places stung by bees, wasps, mosquitoes, midges etc. Such a remedy has pronounced anti-inflammatory, analgesic and bactericidal properties.
When a snake or insect bite occurs, the victim needs to be provided with first aid, and in some cases, doctor's treatment is also necessary. Traditional medicine will help eliminate the effects of bites.
Ekaterina, www.site
On the eve of the May holidays, the advice of Dr. Leonid Roshal on how to recognize bites of domestic and wild animals that are dangerous to health and how to provide first aid in such cases are more relevant than ever.
Bites from wild and domestic animals lead to the formation of so-called bite wounds. Their peculiarity is that there is a high risk:
- wound infection caused by bacteria in the saliva of animals;
- tetanus infection;
- rabies infection.
Algorithm of actions:
- stop bleeding;
- treat the wound;
- apply a bandage;
- seek medical attention.
A bitten wound is a good reason for seeking medical attention. A rare exception are those cases when the bite is shallow, superficial and it is reliably known that the animal is healthy and vaccinated.
Wasp, bee, hornet, bumblebee stings: symptoms and first aid
The venom of these insects contains biologically active amines, the action of which can cause a severe allergic reaction.
Symptoms:
- A sharp painful reaction with redness and swelling in the affected area.
- With multiple bites, vomiting, convulsions, and loss of consciousness are possible.
- The development of an allergic reaction (anaphylactic shock, urticaria) is possible.
Algorithm of actions:
- If a sting remains in the skin, remove it with tweezers, grasping it as close to the skin as possible.
- Apply cold to the bite for 10 minutes to reduce pain and swelling.
- Apply an anti-allergic ointment.
- If the swelling at the site of the bite is very pronounced, the area of redness is more than 10 cm, there is pronounced itching, give the child an anti-allergic agent of general action.
- If severe itching persists, swelling increases and the diameter of redness increases, inject a hormonal anti-inflammatory agent.
Great article! God forbid, of course, anyone to face such serious bites and no less serious consequences dangerous to health.
For jellyfish burns, I can recommend Lioxazin. This summer we took it with us on vacation, as a remedy for sunburn and abrasions. We climbed into the sea to swim and a jellyfish stung me right in the stomach. Give, I think I'll try Lioxazin. Is this a burn? Burn. So I attached a napkin. The redness quickly began to subside, the pain too (there is lidocaine in the composition).
Hope this information helps someone!
Very important information. It seems to me that it is simply necessary for every person to know it, and especially for those who have children !!! I have a daughter and we often go for walks in nature, go fishing, or just rest somewhere in warm places, and such troubles may well happen there. As they say, no one is safe from this !!! Thank you very much for the information. Very helpful and important!
07.06.2014 18:13:34,Total 3 posts .
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In summer, a person can be bitten by a bee, wasp, bumblebee, snake, and in some areas - by a scorpion, tarantula or other poisonous insects. The wound from such bites is small and resembles a needle prick, but poison penetrates through it, which, depending on its strength and quantity either acts first on the area of the body around the bite, or immediately causes general poisoning.
Poisonous snake bites
Poisonous snake bites are life-threatening. Usually, snakes bite a person in the leg when he steps on them. Therefore, in places where snakes are found, you should not walk barefoot. Snakebites are most dangerous when the venom enters a blood or lymph vessel. With intradermal ingestion of poison, intoxication increases within 1-4 hours. The toxicity of the poison depends on the type of snake. Cobra venom is the most dangerous for humans. All other things being equal, poisoning is more severe in children and women, as well as in persons under the influence of alcohol.
Symptoms of a poisonous snake bite: burning pain at the site of the lesion, two deep puncture wounds, redness, swelling, punctate hemorrhages under the skin, fluid bubbles, necrotic ulcers, dizziness, nausea, sweating, shortness of breath, tachycardia. After half an hour, the leg can almost double in volume. At the same time, signs of general poisoning appear: loss of strength, muscle weakness, dizziness, nausea, vomiting, shortness of breath, weak pulse, falling blood pressure, fainting, collapse.
First aid for poisonous snake bites:
- above the bitten site, it is necessary to apply a tourniquet or twist to prevent poison from entering the rest of the body (only for cobra bites for 30-40 minutes);
- the bitten limb must be lowered and try to squeeze out the blood from the wound, in which the poison is located;
- immediately begin intensive suction by mouth for 10-15 minutes poison from the wound (pre-squeeze a fold of skin in the area of the bite and "open" the wound) and spit out the contents; you can draw blood along with poison from the wound using a medical can, glass or glass with thick edges. To do this, in a jar (glass or glass), you need to hold a lit splinter or cotton wool on a stick for a few seconds and then quickly cover the wound with it;
- ensure the immobility of the affected limb (splint or fixing bandage); rest in the supine position during transportation to a hospital; drinking plenty of fluids;
- put cold on the wound (ice pack); rinse the wound with a 10% solution of potassium permanganate, inject 0.5% adrenaline, diphenhydramine, 1 ml of 1% solution into the wound; 500-1000 IU of specific serum i / m, deliver the victim to a hospital.
Important! You can not suck blood from the wound with your mouth if there are scratches or decayed teeth in the mouth, through which the poison will penetrate into the blood of the person providing assistance. You cannot make an incision at the site of the bite, as well as give alcohol in all forms.
Bites of various poisonous insects
Insect bites (bees, wasps, bumblebees) lead to the appearance of both local symptoms and signs of general poisoning, and can also cause an allergic reaction in the body. Their single bites are not particularly dangerous. If a sting remains in the wound, it must be carefully removed, and a lotion of ammonia with water or a cold compress from a solution of manganese-sour potassium or just cold water should be put on the wound.
Poisonous insect bites are very dangerous. Their poison causes not only severe pain and burning at the site of the bite, but sometimes general poisoning. Symptoms resemble snake poisoning. For severe poisoning with spider venom karakurt death may occur in 1-2 days.
Symptoms: limited local painful inflammatory response: burning sensation, pain, redness, swelling (especially when stinging on the face and neck). There are no general toxic effects. Chills, nausea, dizziness, dry mouth are mild. If general toxic phenomena are strongly expressed, then this indicates an increased sensitivity of the body to insect poisons and the development of allergic reactions, which can cause death.
First aid for insect bites:
- quickly remove the sting of the bee and squeeze the poison out of the wound;
- put cold in place of defeat;
- moisten, drip into the bite site with galazolin, alcohol, validol;
- take antihistamines orally: diphenhydramine, suprastin, pipolfen;
- hot drink;
- with the development of asthmatic syndrome, use a pocket inhaler;
- with the development of complete asphyxiation - tracheotomy;
- call an ambulance.
Animal bites and first aid for them
From the bite of a rabid dog, cat, fox, wolf or other animal, a person becomes ill with rabies. The bite site usually bleeds slightly. If an arm or leg is bitten, it must be quickly lowered and tried to squeeze blood out of the wound.
Help with a rabid animal bite:
Lesson plan
Lesson topic: First aid for snake and insect bites
Class: 6
The purpose of the lesson: Study of new material and the formation of skills and abilities in behavior when bitten by snakes and insects, providing first aid for snake and insect bites
Lesson form: group, individual. (The lesson takes place in the form of an explanatory and illustrative conversation-dialogue with elements of discussion)
Lesson stage
Teacher activity
Student activities
UUD
(Planned results)
I. Organizing time.
II. Statement of the problem, its solution.
Determination of the goal and objectives of the lesson.
III. Main part.
IV. Fzcult minute. (in the middle of the lesson)
V. Group performance
Vi. Reflection
Teacher. Hello guys! Let's check if everyone is present today in the lesson.
Teacher. - In order to determine what we are going to study in the lesson today. I suggest you solve a small crossword puzzle.
Teacher: And so the key word, what did you get?
Children: Bite!
Teacher: Let's decide with you the goals of our lesson!
Children: In today's lesson we will get acquainted with insect and snake bites!
Teacher. Are we only interested in insect bites?
Children: No, we also need to know how to provide first aid for bites.
Teacher: Yes, you are right, we will learn how to provide first aid for snake and insect bites and at the end of the lesson we will fix today's topic with testing.
Teacher: In order to learn how to provide first aid for bites, we need to divide into groups. With the help of the material (cutting of text with PMP, bite symptoms, which is prohibited when doing bites) that you see on the tables, you need to highlight the main thing and draw up memos according to this plan: symptoms of a bite, rendering the first honey. help, which is forbidden to do with bites.
Teacher: The time to complete is 10 minutes, after which each group presents its own handout.
Finger gymnastics
And our granddaughter has little hands,
And on the handles there are little fingers - girls and boys.
Fingers live together, they are called by name:
Finger Sasha, finger Masha,
Misha Grisha and Stepan,
Zhenya's finger, Fenya's finger,
Tanya, Vanya and Roman.
These are the fingers -
Girls and boys.
Teacher: And so, you completed the task, now I ask you to show your memos, but also to explain.
Teacher: Guys, in order to consolidate our today's topic and get an estimate, I suggest you complete a small test. After that, you can evaluate yourself how much, you understand the topic of our lesson.
Teacher: Today you received new knowledge, thanks to which you can now provide PMP to yourself and your loved ones.
Homework
Students submit a report on those present in the lesson
Students solve a crossword puzzle, write down the correct answers on the board (where a previously prepared crossword puzzle)
Students write in notebooks, the topic of the lesson.
Students complete assignments on A3 sheets, using various pictures and cuts from the text.
During the defense, the students explain why they did so. Answer the teacher's questions.
Carry out the test
Communicative and personal UUD
Cognitive, communicative UUD
Regulatory communicative and cognitive ECD
Cognitive, regulatory ECD
Communicative, personal and cognitive UUD
Cognitive, personal UUD
Lecture 8.10. First aid for bites of poisonous snakes and other animals.
Insect bites
Hymenoptera bites
Help to the victim
Arachnid bites
Snake bites
Animal bites
When leaving for nature, you need to remember that most animals and insects themselves attack a person only if he invaded their habitat and himself provokes them to attack. If an unpleasant incident nevertheless occurred, it is necessary to provide the victim with first aid.
Insect bites
Insect bites can be divided into two large groups: Hymenoptera bites (mosquitoes, bees, wasps, hornets, horseflies, etc.) and arachnids (tarantulas, scorpions, ticks). The human body responds to an insect bite with three types of reactions. Local reaction - redness, swelling, pain, itching or severe burning in the area of the bite, local enlargement of the lymph nodes. A general toxic reaction usually occurs with multiple bites - chills, fever, nausea and vomiting, headache , joint pain. An allergic reaction can also occur to single bites in people predisposed to such reactions. Allergic reactions proceed as urticaria, angioedema or even anaphylactic shock.
Hymenoptera bites
Mosquitoes, midges, horseflies do not have poisonous glands; when they bite, they inject a special substance into the wound that prevents blood clotting. The reaction to their bites is usually only local. A person is able to endure multiple bites of these insects (up to 100 or more) without disturbing the general condition. Try the following products to reduce localized manifestations. Dip your finger alternately in water and dry baking soda, rub the bites with this finger; can be smeared with a strong solution of soda. The baking soda is believed to somewhat reduce swelling and itching. Menovazin has a good analgesic and antipruritic effect, but it cannot be used by people with hypersensitivity to novocaine. Ortofen and butadion ointments reduce inflammation and itching. Someone is well helped by the "asterisk" balm. There is a special cream "OFF" after bites. To prevent infection of the bite sites, they can be greased with brilliant green. From folk remedies, it is recommended to use grated young potatoes, gruel from crushed onions or garlic, juice of parsley leaves. You can drive away insects with special means: creams and lotions (Moskitol, OFF, Taiga, etc.), which are applied to the skin and clothing, repellent aerosols, smoking spirals, etc. Remember that all these products are toxic, and they are not recommended for children under 3 years old and pregnant women.
Bees, bumblebees "reward" us with poisonous bites (they bite only once in a lifetime, after which they die), wasps and hornets (they can sting several times). The local reaction to the bites of these insects is usually very pronounced. The development of significant edema is characteristic, which, although it is a local reaction, can be dangerous if it is located on the face, especially in the area of the lips or inside the oral cavity. Allergic reactions to the bites of these insects are quite common. Urticaria is a rash of merging blisters against a background of redness of the skin, accompanied by severe itching. It can be located on any part of the skin. Quincke's edema ("giant urticaria") is a rapidly growing, delimited edema of the skin or mucous membranes. It can occur not only directly at the site of the bite, but also in any other. Its "favorite" localization is the face, oral mucosa, soft palate, extremities, genitals. Allergic laryngeal edema is especially dangerous. A rare but very dangerous reaction is anaphylactic shock. Within a few minutes, the victim develops shortness of breath, severe chills, fear of death, heart rate increases, blood pressure drops sharply and coma sets in. Locally, at the same time - a blister, rapidly growing edema, hemorrhage.
Help to the victim
Examine the bite site carefully. The stinger left behind must be removed. At the same time, try not to squeeze it so that the remains of the poison do not get into the wound. Apply cold to the bite site. Hydrocortisone or prednisolone ointments can be used to reduce swelling and local inflammation. For persons prone to allergic reactions, it is better to immediately give an antihistamine. This must be done in case of "dangerous" localizations of the bite (face and, especially, the oral cavity). In mild cases of allergic reactions, it is also sufficient to take an antihistamine by mouth. Claritin is given in 1 tablet (10 mg) or 2 tsp. syrup for children weighing more than 30 kg and adults, 0.5 tablets (5 mg) or 1 tsp. syrup for children over 2 years old with a body weight of up to 30 kg, 0.5 tsp each. syrup for children under 2 years old. The drug is taken once a day. Tavegil is prescribed for adults and children over 12 years old, 1 tablet (1 mg), children 6-12 years old - 0.5-1 tablets, children 3-6 years old - 0.5 tablets 2 times a day. In severe allergic reactions (widespread urticaria with general disturbance, nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain; rapidly spreading Quincke's edema), intramuscular administration of antihistamines is necessary. Tavegil (2 ml / 2 mg ampoules) is administered to adults 2 ml (2 mg) twice a day, children - in a daily dose of 0.025 mg / kg, dividing it into two injections. Suprastin (1 ml / 20 mg ampoules) is administered at a dose of 5 mg (0.25 ml) to children under one year old, 10 mg (0.5 ml) - to children 2-6 years old, 10-20 mg (0.5-1 ml ) - children 7-14 years old, 20 mg (1 ml) - adolescents and adults. The frequency of administration is up to 3-4 times a day, but the daily dose should not exceed 2 mg / kg. In case of allergic laryngeal edema with respiratory failure, prednisolone is injected intravenously slowly (in 2-3 minutes), and if it is impossible - intramuscularly at a dose of 2 mg / kg (during the day, a single single injection at the same dose is possible).
In case of anaphylactic shock, the victim must be laid on his back with a raised leg end; if there is vomiting or there is no consciousness, the person is laid on his side. It is necessary to ensure the patency of the respiratory tract, try to warm the victim. A tourniquet is applied above the insect bite, and cold is applied to the site of the bite.
Call for medical attention immediately. First aid consists in the subcutaneous injection of a 0.1% solution of adrenaline at a dose of 0.25-0.5 ml (for children, a dose of 0.01 ml / kg) directly into the bite site and into the free area of the body above the tourniquet, injections of suprastin at a dose 2 mg / kg. In the absence of an effect, adrenaline is injected intravenously slowly (2-3 minutes) in the form of a 0.01% solution (1 ml of 0.1% adrenaline is diluted in 10 ml of saline) at a dose of 0.1 ml / kg. At the same time, prednisolone is slowly injected intravenously at a dose of 3-4 mg / kg. In case of respiratory disorders, a 2.4% solution of aminophylline (5-7 mg / kg in 20 ml of saline) is injected intravenously. Transportation is possible only after the victim's blood pressure exceeds 70 mm Hg.