Dahlias are some of the brightest and most beautiful ornamental plants... They are widely used to decorate flower beds, border lines and flower beds, as well as to decorate summer cottages as salt or potted plants.
Dahlias stand out among other decorative perennials for their stately, catchy beauty. It is also important that they are quite unpretentious in cultivation. For their successful growth and long flowering it is enough to create favorable conditions: choose a bright place with good soil, water, feed, pinch and cut in a timely manner. In this article, we will show you how to care for these amazingly beautiful flowers and also explain how to plant dahlias in spring. We hope our tips will help you create a gorgeous flower garden in your area!
Cooking tubers for planting
In the spring? First, the flowers must be prepared. At the end of March or at the beginning of April, dahlia tubers that have wintered in the storage are transferred to a warm room or greenhouse, where they maintain a constant temperature within +18 ... + 20 ° C. The planting material is examined and cleaned of dry or diseased roots, all damaged areas are removed, and then the sections are treated with brilliant green.
After carrying out the preparatory procedures, dahlia tubers are placed in a container with a nutrient substrate (sawdust, sand, peat or humus mixed with soil) so that they protrude 2 or 3 cm above the soil surface. Some growers advise treating dahlia tubers with a solution of potassium permanganate. After planting, they are left alone for 10-14 days. Remember, the development of new shoots requires good lighting and a comfortable temperature not lower than +18 ° C.
Dahlia tubers dividing procedure
After one to two weeks, sprouts will begin to develop from the eyes. When they reach 5-7 mm in length, it will be necessary to divide the nests of the root tubers into several parts. This can be done with a clean and sharp knife. Cut them so that at least one bud remains on each planting unit, together with the root collar. From one root tuber (depending on its size) 3-5 divisions can be obtained. Then the parts of the tuber are again placed in the seed boxes or pots with the nutrient mixture and removed in a dark place. The seedlings are watered periodically. After the cuttings have taken root, they can be moved to a permanent place. Advice: if you do not need a large number cut, the procedure for cutting the root tuber need not be performed. If you do not have prepared from the fall planting material, you can buy dahlia seedlings in the store. Remember to buy them no earlier than April. Choose fleshy and strong root tubers with short sprouts. It is not recommended to take dry, soft and without sprouts. How to plant dahlias in spring open ground we will explain further.
Choosing a good landing site
How to plant dahlias in spring? You can transfer flowers to open ground when it warms up well enough, and a steady heat comes, that is, not before the middle May. Planting is usually done in late spring or early summer. An important point successful cultivation dahlias is right choice seat. These decorative perennials do not like drafts and prefer a well-ventilated and well-lit place. How to plant dahlias in spring? It is advisable to allocate for them a sunny area with well-drained, nutritious and loosened soil. It is optimal if the earthen mixture is slightly acidic or neutral. Too acidic soil is not suitable for dahlias, so it must be added in advance. Before planting, sprinkle a small amount of wood ash on the selected area, and also add mature, non-deciduous compost. Fill the ground with a rake. Preferably in advance, better in autumn, enrich the area designated for dahlias with compost and humus. Recommended to change seat for flowers every year to protect them from disease. In addition, perennials should not be planted in the place where asters used to grow.
Planting dahlias in spring
The procedure for planting perennials is as follows. First, prepare the flower pits. In size, they should be larger than root tubers - about 30 cm deep and 40 cm in diameter. Fill the dug holes with rotted compost or manure. Sprinkle some earth on top to prevent root burns. How to feed dahlias in spring? You can use They should be added at a rate of 50 g per well. Mix the fertilizer with a small amount of soil. How to plant dahlias in spring: place a tuber in the hole and dig in it with potting soil. In this case, it is important that the place where the neck joins the sprout is under a layer of earth 4-6 cm thick. If you are planting a tall dahlia, then immediately install a support for the stem. If the soil is damp after planting, it does not need to be watered. In the event that the plant has already thrown out the leaves from the shoots, moisten the hole. After planting, mulch the soil with a layer of sawdust or small bark, mixing them with compost or peat. Now you know how in spring. Finally, let's talk about the rules for caring for these magnificent flowers.
Agrotechnics for growing dahlias
Caring for these perennials is quite simple and includes timely watering, weeding, pinching and pruning. The soil should be moistened abundantly, once or twice a week. Lack of moisture will prevent the plant from blooming and developing normally. Dahlias are fed three, maximum four times per season, with infusion of cow dung. The last fertilization is done no later than August 20. Large-flowered need to remove side shoots. Grasshopping is carried out so that the flowers are as large as possible. If the extra buds and shoots are not removed, the flowers will grow small and inconspicuous. When the dahlias have reached a height of 50 cm, they should be tied to supports.
Storage of tubers
When the first frost hits, cut the stems and dig up the root tubers. Peel them off the ground, place them in water, then dry them well. A few days later, treat the tubers with a solution of foundationol and potassium permanganate. Dry well again and put in boxes. Sprinkle sawdust on the tubers and overwinter in a cool, ventilated area. It is desirable that the temperature in it does not exceed +7 ° C. Do not forget to periodically inspect the roots and remove rotten ones.
Do you love dahlias? Undoubtedly - to look at them, to admire them, to put them in bouquets ... And to grow them? Nothing complicated. The only drawback is that the roots are difficult to store. And if you do not store, but buy new ones every time? Do you think expensive? Don't jump to conclusions. In the spring, they offer so much planting material that discounts are often announced. Our permanent consultant Mikhalina Vitoldovna Agareva offers to follow the sales. This year she bought a lot of great varieties at the sale. And look what collection has gathered! The main thing is right prepare dahlia tubers for planting.
CHEAP AND BEAUTIFUL!
Buying flowers at a discount is beneficial for those with limited funds. This is usually used by retirees.
However, many believe that there is only one "junk" at a sale. Indeed, by this time all large tubers have already been disassembled. Nevertheless, from those tubers that remain, you can choose and prepare for planting.
Moreover, for dahlias, the size of the tuber does not have of great importance... The main thing is that the kidneys are intact. They are located at the base of the stem, at the root collar. Dahlias are distinguished by strong growth. Even a small tuber is capable of developing a beautiful flowering bush.
In addition, the sale price is 50-60% lower than the starting price. Mikhalina Vitoldovna believes that with such prices it is possible to take a risk. If a couple of tubers out of 10 purchased varieties do not wake up, it still turns out very profitable.
At the sale, prices for the entire batch of planting material are reduced to a certain amount. This year, dahlias were sold for 29 rubles! And the varieties can be found very beautiful. Thus, it is possible to buy them several times cheaper than market prices. Agree, this is a direct benefit!
A SPOON OF TAR
The negative aspect of the flower sales is the re-grading. Sometimes the packages are torn and the tubers are sold under a false name. For an amateur gardener, the trouble is small, because there are no ugly dahlias! And a specialist such as Mikhalina Vitoldovna can determine the variety later.
Some dahlia tubers are very dry. But, with an effort, they also manage to "swing".
It is usually sufficient to soak them in warm water with the addition of epin or zircon. In the future, in order to achieve from these plants good flowering, you need to follow the rules of agricultural technology.
LANDING AND CARE OF GEORGINS
V Middle lane dahlias are planted in open ground in early June. Even from the moment of sale, there is still time to grow tubers at home or in a greenhouse. Do this in a pot of soil or in a box of sawdust.
It is important that there is enough light, otherwise the shoots will stretch out. Germination speeds up the flowering time and cannot be neglected.
Before planting, you need to carefully loosen the soil in the hole so that the roots grow freely. If there is compost or rotted manure, then it is mixed with the earth. In the absence of organic matter, a handful of complete mineral fertilizers are applied.
First, a stake for a garter is driven into the hole and only then the tuber is planted. If you stake in the summer, there is a high chance of damaging the roots. This is one of the reasons why tubers are poorly stored.
While the dahlias are small, they need to be weeded. Loosen or mulch the soil. Water depending on the rainfall, avoiding drying out.
FEEDING GEORGIN
Dahlias are fed several times during the season. In spring and early June they give nitrogen fertilization... Then the dose of potassium and phosphorus is increased. From mineral fertilizers fit "Kemira spring-summer", then "Kemira-autumn".
Fertilizing is required during the budding period. Complex fertilizers are suitable for flowering plants, in them the proportion of potassium is higher, which stimulates the laying of buds.
From organic fertilizers an infusion of nettle with ash gives a good effect. Ash is added before watering: at the rate of 1-2 glasses per 10 liters of infusion. In autumn, phosphorus-potassium fertilizers are useful for ripening tubers (the same "Kemira-autumn").
With this care, even weak, at first glance, dahlias grow and bloom well.
HOW TO DISSOLVE THEM?
We started with the fact that if it is difficult to store tubers, then you can buy new ones every year. In Europe, this method of growing dahlias is very common. In the fall, the tubers are dug up and simply thrown away. But you can't leave them in the ground. After frost, they rot and the next year they become a source of disease. Composting is also not worth it. Better to take them out of the site.
How do you decide to throw out the tubers? Russian gardeners are not used to such waste.
If you can't throw it away, give it to those who have a cellar or other storage space. Try to arrange storage for your flowers for a small fee. And as payment can be the same dahlia tubers that you divide in the spring.
You can store dahlias in the basement, in the cellar, in the vestibule. Basic conditions - low temperature(but above zero) and dry room. With excess moisture, the tubers rot.
If you treat the tubers with paraffin, then you can store it even at home. Read about how to wax dahlias on our website "Garden World" www.site.
Tubers must be thoroughly dried before storing them. In dry weather, the earth is simply shaken off and dried in a ventilated room. In rainy weather, the earth is washed off with water and also dried within 4-5 days.
The roots are put in boxes or boxes (not in bags!). Sprinkle with dry sawdust or dry clean sand. Good results are obtained from storage using sphagnum moss.
ABOUT VARIETIES OF GEORGINS
Collecting a collection of dahlias is very exciting. But how much storage space is needed! And if you buy them again every year, then you can choose other shapes and colors. See how different they are!
Take Karma Sangria. Good for everyone: the height of the bush, and the size of the inflorescence, and suitable for cutting. The same wonderful variety in Memory of Diana. What an abundance of flowers!
Unique variety Crème d "Casis. It has double color of petals. Top - silvery-pink, below - noble purple lining.
The transitions of tones of the Faye Pot variety are incomparable. The flower seems to glow from within. Interesting new varieties from the Apache Cactus series. These are cactus dahlias with cuts at the ends of the petals. And here's another successful re-grading. Photo 18 shows a lavender-lilac dahlia. In cloudy weather and in the evening it is almost blue!
In open ground. What special conditions does this flower require? How much is he to environment and what kind of care it requires. The information below will help answer these questions.
Landing dates
There are no specific deadlines, since everything depends on climatic zone... From practice experienced florists it is believed that the most the right time planting dahlias, regardless of weather conditions, is the period from late May to early June.
It is regulated as follows:
- at a pH below 5, slaked lime is added to the soil;
- if the pH is higher than 8, you can lower this indicator using.
Did you know? Tubers of wild dahlias were eaten by the ancient Aztecs, as they have a high content of inulin, a substance similar to starch.
How to plant dahlias in spring
When it comes time to plant dahlias, planting holes 30 cm deep and 40 cm in diameter are arranged, which are located in one row or scattered, with a distance of 70-80 cm between them. The free area for one plant should be at least 0.8-1 sq. m.
The tubers should be germinated before planting. This is done as follows:
- On the free area a trench of the required length is dug, one bayonet deep and two shovel bayonets wide.
- The tubers that were dug up in the fall are laid at the bottom, with a division by varieties.
- Unseparated tubers are covered with earth in a layer of 3-4 cm.
- From above, the trench is closed transparent plastic wrap to create a greenhouse effect.
- After 2-3 weeks, shoots appear.
- The tubers are dug up and divided with a sharp knife into parts that have 2-3 sprouts on each neck.
- After treatment with potassium permanganate, the tubers are ready for planting.
Planting dahlias
With the onset of warm weather in spring, there comes a time when dahlias should be planted in open ground. Before planting, the holes are filled with soil mixed with weathered peat or humus.
For one hole, 3-4 kg of fertilizer is enough. It is recommended to add the following useful elements to:
- - 15 g;
- potassium sulfate - 10 g;
- - 15-20 g.
Along the perimeter of the hole, at a distance of 15-20 cm from the stem, an earthen rim is poured to hold 5-6 liters of water during. Leaving after disembarkation
An important condition for the normal growth and development of a flower is the constant maintenance of the soil in which it grows in a moist state. Drying out is unacceptable, as this can lead to the death of the plant.
Watering is carried out using a watering can with a spray nozzle for 10-15 minutes. This contributes to the uniform absorption of moisture into the soil and allows you to increase the humidity of the air, which has a beneficial effect on. 
Conducted monthly organic and
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Some of the most beautiful flowers, widely used in the design of flower beds and flower beds - dahlias. These bright flowers attracts eyes almost half of the summer and the warm period of autumn. In addition, dahlias are unpretentious to weather conditions and are not capricious in their care. For successful growth and flowering, they need good soil, a lot of light, timely watering, feeding, pinching and pruning.
We will tell you how to prepare for planting dahlias in the spring and how to properly plant them with tubers.
Dahlia care begins with the preparation of the tubers. During the winter, the tubers are stored in a dry cellar, and at the end of March they are taken out into a room with a constant temperature of + 18 + 20 ° C. Tubers are sorted for damage, rot, dried parts. Damaged places are cut with a knife, the cuts are disinfected with brilliant green.
Sprouting tubers
The next step is to place the flower tubers in a nutrient medium box.
- The substrate is prepared from sawdust, sand, peat. You can use ready-made land for planting dahlias, sold in specialized stores.
- Before being placed in the ground, the tubers are treated with a weak solution of potassium permanganate.
- It is not necessary to completely bury the root crops in the ground, they should look out of the soil by 2-3 cm. In this position, the tubers are left for two weeks, maintaining stable lighting and temperature conditions.
Dividing tubers
After two weeks, the eyes on the tubers begin to sprout. You need to wait until they grow up, and then divide the root crop into parts. When cutting, use sharp knife treated with potassium permanganate to avoid fungal infections. Tubers are cut into as many pieces as buds are formed. Usually one tuber is divided into 3-5 parts. After that, the cut parts are again placed in a container with soil and removed to a dark place. Plants are watered as needed, avoiding drying out. After they are taken, they are planted in open ground.
It is important to pay attention to appearance dahlia tubers. Short sprouts and healthy, fleshy roots that are firm to the touch are ideal tubers for planting.
Preparing the landing site
A well-chosen place for planting flowers is a guarantee of them good growth and flowering. When choosing a place where it is planned to plant dahlias in the spring, it should be borne in mind that flowers need:
- A lot of light;
- Good ventilation;
- Loose nutrient soil with an average level of acidity - you can neutralize acidity by adding slaked lime to the ground at the rate of 1 kg / sq. meter;
- Moderate humidity.
You need to prepare the soil in the fall: fertilize it with humus, compost and wood ash... You need to plant dahlias in a new place. Soil, where flowers or vegetables, susceptible to fungal diseases, used to grow, is undesirable.
Planting dahlias in open ground
The disembarkation process itself must be carried out subject to the following conditions:
- Hole preparation. Optimal size holes for planting tubers: depth 10 cm, diameter 20-30 cm. The deeper the tuber is planted, the better it will withstand autumn frosts. The distance between the holes should be between 30 and 80 cm. Drainage is required at the bottom of the holes.
- One hole no more than two tubers are planted. This provides lush, abundantly flowering shrubs.
- Dahlias are recommended to be planted in spring. in stable warm weather, into the ground heated to 10 ° C.
- The tubers are placed horizontally into the hole, thanks to this root system will develop fully.
- After landing dahlias, minimal care is carried out for them: periodic watering and weeding of weeds.
Each time after watering, the soil is loosened with a rake - to ensure normal breathing for the roots. As it grows, the lower weak branches are removed. Top dressing is applied only after the beginning of flowering. Otherwise everything nutrients will be spent on the formation of lush green branches.
Compliance with these simple rules when planting dahlias, it will allow you to admire the wildly flowering variegated plants during the season.