Chinese terry carnation mix: growing and care, photo. Chinese carnation: growing from seeds of annual and perennial plants

You can grow a Chinese carnation in open ground and on the balcony.

Planting a plant with proper care will quickly give the result in the form of beautiful flowers, as in the photo.

Features and varieties of Chinese carnation

The Chinese carnation can be found in almost every household plot. Her unpretentiousness and bright colors long flowering did their job - the plant gained immense popularity among flower growers. The variety of this flower is amazing.

The color palette of the Chinese carnation is very diverse.

The plant came to Europe from China, from where it got its name. Chinese carnation is a perennial plant growing in a bush. Some varieties are grown as annual crops. Initially, the Chinese carnation was characterized by variegated burgundy strokes on the petals. Currently, the selection of Chinese carnations has about 300 species.

Separately, I would like to highlight the view Geddevig lantziniatus, bred in the middle of the 19th century by a Petersburg gardener. This type is also called "edged" carnation, because of the border around the edge of the flower petal.

Carnation Geddevig lantziniatus

Chinese perennial carnation grows in a compact or spreading bush. The height of the bush is from 10 cm (dwarf varieties) to 50 cm. The stems are thin, smooth, with nodules characteristic of the carnation family. Leaves are straight, narrow, oblong (some varieties have curled leaves). The flowers of the Chinese carnation are single, up to 5 cm in diameter (on average 2-4 cm). The structure of the flower, depending on the variety, can be double, semi-double or simple. The edging of the petals has a fringe or teeth. The bushes of the Chinese carnation bloom in white, pink, coral, raspberry, cherry blossoms. Some varieties combine several colors, diluting the base color with a darker or lighter edging and "eye". The variety of Chinese carnations can be seen in the photo.

The most popular varieties of Chinese cloves are:

• "Diana";

Variety "Diana"

• Schneebal;
• Feuerbal;
• Gelstrat;
• "Charm is a magic mix."

Planting a Chinese carnation

The Chinese carnation develops well and actively blooms in warm, sunny or semi-shaded flower beds. Delightful bushes grow on the east (southeast) and west side of the site. Plant growth is possible in the shade, but the desired flowering effect is unlikely to be achieved.

If you plant a plant in the shade, it most likely will not bloom.

The soil for the Chinese carnation is loamy or sandy loam. Well-drained and moderately fertilized soil is lime before planting, adding lime or dolomite flour... The Chinese carnation does not like excess moisture, and stagnant water will simply destroy the plant.

Important! Chinese carnation does not tolerate manured land and requires liming of the soil.

Seedlings of carnations are planted in open ground in spring at an average air temperature of 20ºC, and division of adult bushes is possible in autumn. The distance between seedlings should not be less than 20 cm.

Reproduction of Chinese carnation by seeds

Chinese carnation propagates in several ways:

• seeds;
• cuttings;
• layering;
• dividing the bush.

For annual varieties, only the seed propagation method is suitable. Perennial varieties of Chinese carnations can be propagated by all methods.

Chinese carnation seeds

Carnation seeds are brown in color and have an oblong shape. It is worth sowing them in March, although some growers start sowing in January. Ready-made peat soil mixtures are not recommended for growing carnation seedlings; it is better to take garden soil with the addition of river sand.

Before sowing, the seeds should be soaked in succinic acid and slightly dried (do not dry completely). Moisten the soil in seedling containers and sow seeds. The seeding depth should be small, up to one and a half centimeters. A greenhouse effect is created in containers: cover them with foil or glass.

Chinese carnation sprouts

The optimum temperature for seed germination is 18-20º. The first shoots appear after 10 days, after which the film is removed, and the containers are placed in a well-lit place. If there is not enough light, and the seedlings have begun to stretch out, backlighting is needed. When the first true leaves appear, the seedlings dive.

Important! The seedlings of the Chinese carnation are affected by the black stem. Therefore, it is impossible to overmoisten the seedlings, and instead of watering it is better to use spraying.

When the seedlings grow up and form 4-6 true leaves, they pinch it, thereby ensuring the splendor of the future bush.
Seedlings are planted in open ground in May, when the threat of return frosts has passed.

Cutting and dividing the Chinese carnation bush

Cutting, as a way of propagating the Chinese carnation, is quite simple. However, when grafting, it is worth following some rules.

Young bushes of Chinese carnation

1. For harvesting cuttings, young shoots without buds are taken.
2. Cuttings are cut into 2-3 knots, the lower cut at a distance of 1 cm from the knot. Top part cut, and all leaves are removed.
3. Longitudinal cuts are made along the handle.
4. The harvested material is germinated in containers with sand under a cover (film or can). The temperature and humidity under the shelter must be constant.

Cuttings take root quickly enough. Higher bushes can be propagated by cuttings rather than cuttings. The principle of these methods is the same, but the layers are not cut off, but bent to the ground and covered with earth.

By dividing the bush, only some varieties of Chinese carnations with a fibrous root system reproduce. All the properties of the mother bush are preserved with this reproduction. In spring or autumn, the bush is dug up, and the rhizome is carefully divided in such a way that at least 3 buds of growth remain in each part.

Chinese carnation care

Like any cultivated plant, the Chinese carnation needs care.

Several times a season, Chinese carnations need to be fed with mineral supplements.

Fertilizer. You should be careful with feeding Chinese cloves. The plant does not tolerate manure, therefore, it cannot be used as fertilizer. Potash and complex mineral fertilizers for garden flowers applied 2-3 times per season (in spring and in the middle of summer). In the second year of carnation growth, calcium supplements are needed.

Watering. The Chinese carnation tolerates moderate drought well. Therefore, it is better to skip watering than to flood the plant. After each watering, the soil around the bush is weeded, thereby providing air access to the roots.

Diseases and pests. Chinese carnation at improper care It is affected by many fungal diseases: fusarium, rust, root rot, etc. Having noticed the first signs of fungus, remove the plant, and treat the place of growth with special means.

Aphids on carnation leaves

Of the pests, the Chinese carnation is afraid spider mite and aphids. As a preventive measure, plants are treated with a Bordeaux mixture.

For abundant flowering, withered shoots are cut off throughout the summer. For the winter, the green part is cut off, leaving 10 cm above the soil level. Outdoors, planting and caring for chinese carnation does not require special skills.

The use of Chinese carnation in landscaping

The many varieties allow the Chinese carnation to be widely used in landscape design. Bright flowers will become an ornament along the path, border the flower beds. Varieties of different heights can be used in mixboards and on ridges.

Flower bed decoration with Chinese carnation

The Chinese carnation will also decorate the rock garden. For landscaping balconies and gazebos, Chinese carnations are planted in flowerpots. Photos with Chinese carnations just beckon to compose your own, designer and unique composition in the garden.

Marigolds, non-flowering green plants, forget-me-nots look great as partners of carnations. In flowerpots joint landings Pansy carnations give a stunning effect. But the neighborhood with tulips is not recommended, due to the defeat of plants by the same diseases.

Chinese carnation charms with graceful bright flowers, generously covering branchy bushes. Plants retain their decorative effect for a long time, are unpretentious in growing, look good in mixed flower beds, on rocky hills and along garden paths.

Features of the view

Chinese carnation (Dianthus chinensis) is a perennial herb that grows wild in northern regions China, Korea and Mongolia. Despite originating from rather harsh latitudes, this carnation does not tolerate winters, is prone to freezing and therefore is grown in an annual culture in a temperate climate. Abundant flowering of plants sown directly into the ground begins in July and lasts until autumn.

The species is characterized by long naked knotty stems and narrow leaves of green or bluish-green color. Flowers are single or collected in large inflorescences, simple and double, with a jagged edge, diverse different shades, most often in a red, white or purple palette. Especially attractive are the varieties with bicolored and double flowers, with fringed, narrowly cut petals.

The best varieties and hybrids

V decorative purposes Chinese carnation has been grown for more than three hundred years, and during this time numerous attractive forms, spectacular varieties and hybrids have been obtained. In amateur floriculture special attention use dwarf varieties with compact bushes, reaching a height of 15-20 cm, which are characterized by lush flowering.

The garden varieties of the Chinese Geddevig carnation with round bushes 30–35 cm high and large non-double or double flowers 5–6 cm in diameter are very popular.

Carousel (Merry Go-Round)

The joyful flowers of this dwarf variety of Chinese carnations will decorate a flower bed, look great in a hanging planter or flowerpot on the porch. Neat bushes, up to 20 cm high with knotty stems and numerous flowers 5-6 cm in diameter white with a scarlet center.

The cut edges of the petals and the shiny, shining texture give the cute variety even more charm. Long bloom - from early July until autumn frosts.

Vorozheya

A wonderful variation of the Geddevig carnation with densely branched light green stems, forming small bushes about 35 cm high. The plants are completely covered with double flowers 4–5 cm in diameter. Satin petals, crimson-black with a jagged edge and a bright white border.

The bloom is very generous, from July to October frosts. This is one of the best terry dark colored varieties - very effective and unpretentious.

Diana F1 Crimson (Diana F1 Crimson)

A bright hybrid of Dutch selection is distinguished by large colorful flowers with a diameter of 7–8 cm, adorning a small neat bush 20–25 cm high. The petals are wide, rounded, open, deep red with a finely toothed edge. The flowering is luxurious - from the beginning of July to the dank autumn cold. This hybrid is a great choice for potting or border decoration.

In addition to the colorful Crimson form, the series includes many other attractive variations, of which the most interesting are:

• Diana F1 White (Diana F1 White) - snow-white with a split edge of the petals;
• Diana F1 Blueberry (Diana F1 Blueberry) - bright purple;
• Diana F1 Crimson Picotee (Diana F1 Crimson Picotee) - with corrugated dense pink-crimson petals;
• Diana F1 Scarlet - fiery red, catchy.

Grace F1 crimson

Another stunning red hybrid from the same Dutch manufacturer Hem Genetics. Unlike the previous series, these plants are adorned with double, full flowers. Low bushes, growing, form dense borders or flowering lawns.

Plant height - 18-25 cm, flowers are very large, 6-8 cm in diameter, with a fringed edge. Form Grace F1 Crimson is characterized by flowers of a dense wine-red color with spectacular white stamens.

Other beautiful varieties are presented in the series:

• Grace F1 Salmon - salmon pink;
• Grace F1 Deep rose - raspberry pink;
• Grace F1 White - sparkling white.

Grace hybrid Chinese carnations are suitable for indoor cultivation.

About others interesting species and varieties of carnations you will find information in the article "".

Site selection and soil preparation

Chinese carnations grow well in sunny areas or in partial shade, and in deep shade they stretch out and practically do not bloom. Soils for planting should be drained, fertile, calcareous or neutral.

The Chinese carnation is moisture-loving; in the southern regions, light loams are preferable for it - too porous sandy loam soils do not retain moisture well.

On the contrary, in the northern regions, carnation grows well on sandy loam, provided that a sufficient amount is applied organic fertilizers... At the same time, slow heating of the soil can delay the spring planting of seedlings, and it is advisable to choose a site with a slight slope to the south or southwest. In this case, the earth will warm up faster and it will be possible to start planting earlier.

Since the Chinese carnation is grown as an annual flower crop and is planted in the spring, the site is prepared in the fall. Digging, per 1 sq. m, make a bucket of rotted manure or compost, add 2-3 kg of high-moor peat to improve the structure, and as mineral fertilizer- a half-liter can of wood ash.

It is worth considering that it is unacceptable to plant Chinese carnations in areas with stagnant water, and in no case should fresh manure be introduced into the soil.

They dig up a plot to a depth of 18–20 cm, carefully choosing the roots of perennial weeds, sow thistle, which can drown out young plants and serve as a forage base for pests.

Landing features

The Chinese carnation is grown by seed in an annual crop. To obtain flowering plants in early June, seedlings are sown in March-April. Seedlings are more often grown for valuable varieties and hybrids with a limited number of seeds. When sown in open ground in late April - early May, strong bushes will bloom not earlier than the first decade of July.

Growing seedlings

Early spring sowing of carnations must be supplemented.

For sowing seeds for seedlings, a mixture is prepared from:

• humus (5 parts),
• turf land (2 parts),
• high-moor peat (2 parts),
• sand (1 part).

It is undesirable to take garden soil for growing carnations - soil contaminated with spores of pathogenic fungi will cause infection of fragile seedlings with a black leg, fusarium, rot and other harmful infections.

If it was not possible to get sod land, it can be replaced with a purchased mixture for growing seedlings. Are comfortable peat tablets Jiffy, which are nutritious, hygroscopic, allow you to grow seedlings separately from each other and not injure root system when transplanting.

Before sowing, the soil is spilled with a hot solution of potassium permanganate and covered with glass or polyethylene. As soon as the ground cools down a little, seeds are placed on a warm surface, abundantly sprayed with clean water from a spray bottle and sprinkled with a layer of fine peat, sand or vermiculite 0.3-0.5 cm thick.

The sprouts will appear on the 5-8th day. Cloves are cold-resistant, so the seedlings are kept at a temperature of 15-17 ° C and good lighting otherwise the plants will stretch out and be weak.

If the seedlings are grown in boxes, in the phase of 2–4 leaves, the plants are transplanted into separate cups or into boxes with a distance of 8–10 cm. When 5 pairs of leaves appear, the seedlings are pinched for better branching.

At the end of April, the seedlings are transferred to a permanent place, planted in the ground every 25-30 cm. The plantings are watered and mulched with a mixture of humus, peat and sand in equal parts or with one of the components.

Sowing in open ground

Chinese carnation works well for sowing in open ground, provided there is a sufficient amount of planting material and regular moisture. Seeds are embedded in prepared loose soil to a depth of 1–1.5 cm, with a distance between rows of 25–30 cm, watered and covered with foil until shoots appear.

As soon as the first shoots appear, the film is removed, in the phase of two pairs of leaves, the seedlings are thinned at a distance of 10 cm, if there are 5 pairs of leaves, they pinch and leave best plants every 25-30 cm. As in the case of seedlings, it is advisable to mulch the space under the plants with one of the available materials.

Plant care

For active development and abundant flowering, the Chinese carnation is regularly watered, loosened the ground and carry out two or three dressings per season. In addition, it is necessary to remove the flowering peduncles in time after, in order to prevent the setting of seeds of weakening plants.

Watering

Water the carnation every 7-10 days, abundantly, but taking care not to damage the shoots and flowers with water jets. Ground irrigation is optimal for this species. It will improve the structure of the soil and prevent rapid evaporation of moisture in dry periods, a thick layer of mulch, which is regularly renewed. This technique will make it possible to reduce the amount of watering, slow down the growth of weeds and get developed, luxuriantly flowering plants.

Top dressing

5-7 days after planting seedlings in open ground, the plants are fed with complex fertilizer with a predominance of phosphorus or double superphosphate... To do this, dilute 20 g of superphosphate in 10 liters of water and water the plantings on wet soil. Such feeding stimulates root formation, bud formation and increases resistance to fungal diseases.

With the beginning of flowering, in June - July, fertilizing with a balanced fertilizer will give an excellent effect. The brand of Kemira Lux has proven itself well in liquid form, containing as the main nutrients - nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium in optimal ratio and a complex of the most important microelements.

Disease and pest control

Chinese carnation at the stage of growing seedlings is affected by blacklegs, spider mites and rot. Adult plants are susceptible to fusarium disease, attacks by aphids, click beetles and thrips.

Blackleg

A fungal disease that often occurs when growing seedlings at the germination stage in the case of placing crops in greenhouses or on window sills. Excessive watering and dampness, excess nitrogen in the soil, the use of contaminated soil or sowing infected seeds are the main causes of the development of the disease.

It manifests itself in areas of darkening of the stem near the soil surface, with further development infections, the root collar rots out, breaks down and the plant dies. Preventive measures - the use of sterile soil, seed dressing, moderate watering with mandatory descent excess water... When signs of the disease appear, the affected seedlings are removed, the soil and plants are powdered with Fundazol powder, airing is provided, and watering is limited.

Fusarium

Carnations get sick, especially when grown after, or next to, these and other plants that are also susceptible to fungal infections. The disease manifests itself in depressed dark spots at the base of the stem, which later become covered with a brownish-pink fluff. Plants wither, become susceptible to other diseases, and die.

To combat fusarium, infected plants or parts of them are removed, and the plantings are treated with one of the fungicides. Fundazol, Fitosporin-M, colloidal sulfur, which are also effective against ticks, have shown themselves well.

Spider mite

In dry and hot conditions of greenhouses, seedlings are oppressed by colonies of spider mites, manifesting themselves as white grains on the underside of the leaves. In the future, the spots merge, the affected surface dries out and falls out. The prevalence of ticks can deplete plantings and cause significant damage.

Pests do not like water, so it is worth spraying regularly. Effective way- placing chopped garlic on the soil or treating plants and soil with garlic infusions, as well as a suspension of colloidal sulfur.

Click beetles

Beetle larvae live in sourish dense soils, biting into roots and shoots cultivated plants and weeds. In a short time, pests are able to greatly thin out or even destroy plantings of carnations and other ornamental crops.

Effective methods of control are liming the soil (30 g per 1 sq. M) and the introduction of wood ash. It should be remembered that clickers, as well as other harmful insects, are especially fond of areas overgrown with wheatgrass, sow thistle and other weeds.

Thrips and aphids

Thrips are the smallest pests that suck out plant sap and carry viral infections. Cloves are more often attacked by the specific clove thrips. The lesion manifests itself in the form of light streaks on the leaves, which then dry out, and the buds and flowers are deformed. Aphids settle in the form of colonies on young shoots, depleting plants, and developing especially intensively in hot weather.

They scare away pests of processing with infusions of garlic and onions, and for a cardinal fight with a significant number of insects, you can use one of the insecticides - Arrivo, Decis or Karate. Treatments are carried out twice, with an interval of 5-7 days.

Video about planting and growing Chinese carnations

The Chinese carnation is an adorable low-maintenance plant that is easy to grow from seed. With a little effort, in June you can enjoy a luxurious flower bed, a rabat, illuminate the path with a flower border or decorate the rocky slopes of rockeries with bright lights.

Large carnations on flexible peduncles will appear one after another, in a continuous beautiful flow, attracting with the grace of shape, a variety of colors and a subtle, slightly spicy aroma.

Chinese carnation is a beautiful perennial plant. True, in regions with a temperate climate, it is grown as an annual. In landscape design, the Chinese carnation has been used for more than three hundred years (counting from 1702). And it is not surprising that many interesting varieties have been bred during this time.

Any carnation looks good on flower beds and borders, in containers displayed on balconies and terraces. A mixture of cloves in different shades can be grown in the Alpine mountains, since such plants take root well on rocky soils.

General information

Chinese carnation is a relatively short flower with a straight, erect stem and narrow lanceolate leaves of a rich green hue (in some varieties, they have a twisted shape). The plant forms bushes up to 0.5 m high. But there are also dwarf varieties with a bush height of only 15 cm. It blooms from July to late autumn, so it will be a welcome crop in any garden, pleasing the eye when most plants are already withering. True, a lot depends on the region. In harsher climates, carnations will only bloom until August-September.

Her flowers are single or collected in "bunches" of 4 pieces. A description of the plant would be incomplete without mentioning the color of the petals. Initially, the Chinese carnation was not distinguished by a special richness of the palette - there were only the usual colors: red, white, bright pink. But over the long years of selection, varieties with the most fantastic colors have been bred - purple, white-red, cherry, pearl-white, almost always with a contrasting stripe along the edges of the petals. You can also find a variegated variety in which several shades are mixed.

The flowers of the plant are very beautiful. There are varieties with the usual fine-toothed edges or deeply dissected. At one time, both terry and semi-double forms, as well as varieties with feathery petals, were bred. Interesting that terry hybrids can bloom longer than conventional varieties, up to 5 months. But flowering also begins a little later, somewhere at the end of July.

There is another beautiful plant - the Turkish (or bearded) carnation. It differs from the Chinese by the presence of bracts. The variety of cloves is amazing. In the garden you can grow the most different types and varieties.

Most popular varieties

Today, many varieties of seeds can be found in shops and garden centers. There are about three hundred of them. The most popular are:

1. 1. Diana is not terry variety growing in bushes of medium "growth" - up to 25 cm in height. A compact crop that blooms from July to September.
2. 2. Supra is a non-double, spreading variety that blooms from July to October.
3. 3. Grace is a beautiful terry variety. Spreading bushes, rather high - up to 30 cm, sometimes more. Blooms from July to October.
4. 4. Ideal Select is a richly flowering variety, usually grown as a biennial. The height of the bushes is 20-25 cm, the diameter of the flower is on average 4 cm (quite a lot for this type of carnation).
5. 5. Dulce is a mixture of Chinese and Turkish velvet carnations with very beautiful and unusual flowers.
6. 6. Lilipot is a dwarf variety that is quite consistent with its name. Withdrawn Japanese breeders... Without treatment with growth regulators, it will remain compact. A small shrub suitable for growing in pots. Flowers can be not only pink or red, but also lavender and even orange.
7. 7. Chibo is another mixture of Chinese and Turkish cloves. Differs in very long flowering, until mid-November.
8. 8. Super Parfight is a very beautiful hybrid with two-colored large flowers. The bushes themselves are compact, but well-branched. They can also be grown in pots on the balcony.

Finally, the popular option is terry cloves a mix, when flowers of various shades can be grown from seeds packed in one bag.

Although Chinese carnation is a perennial, many hybrids were originally bred as annuals.

Growing

No matter if there will be garden carnation or the home form, grown on the balcony, is a very unpretentious plant that even a novice florist can handle. Annual varieties are propagated exclusively by seeds. Perennials can be propagated by cuttings and dividing the bush.

At home, seedlings are grown as follows. First, a suitable box or container is prepared (if any flowers have already been grown in it, it must be disinfected), a drainage layer is arranged at the bottom. The Chinese carnation prefers a well-hydrated, slightly calcareous soil. So the soil should be light and already damp before the seeds are planted. You can prepare the soil yourself by mixing peat with leafy earth and sand, or buy ready-made in the store.

Sowing is done in early spring... Seeds are planted in moistened soil and fall asleep on top thin layer the same soil, and then the container or box is covered with paper or film (in the latter case, due to the fact that the material does not allow air to pass through, regular ventilation is necessary). The temperature for germinating seeds should be 16-20 degrees. The soil needs to be slightly moistened so that it does not dry out.

Growing from seeds is not difficult at all. Usually, the sprouts appear after ten days, and soon they are picked. But it should be borne in mind that after the first shoots appear, the temperature in the room where the seedlings are grown should not exceed 15 degrees. So it is better to leave the plants on the insulated balcony or loggia.

It is very important that the soil remains moist, but not wet. In areas with warm climates perennial varieties can be transplanted into open ground in the summer, and where conditions are more severe, they are first transplanted into a greenhouse.

The Chinese carnation can also be grown outdoors. No need to sow directly into flower beds. It is better to find a place for seedlings, from where already grown seedlings can be transplanted to a permanent bed. This plant is not afraid of light frosts, so you can sow cloves in May. It will grow best in light partial shade, but direct sunlight is also suitable for these flowers. The flower bed should be set up in an area with good drainage.

Before planting, it is recommended to harden the seedlings for some time, two weeks should be enough for this. To do this, first you just need to open a window in the room, then start taking containers with plants to the balcony or terrace. The time spent outdoors should increase gradually.

When transplanting seedlings into the soil, you need to calculate the distance between them. Much depends on the variety, but it is recommended to adhere to the general rule - the distance between the bushes should correspond to their expected height. For dwarf varieties it is 10-15 cm, for undersized - about 20 cm, and for large varieties- about 30 cm. In order for the bushes to branch well in the future, you need to pinch the top of the seedlings over the fourth pair of leaves.

454 02/15/2019 7 minutes

Chinese carnation is wonderful garden flower, which is a familiar to us carnation, however, in its more decorative version. The plant can be colored differently depending on the species: there are even very rare varieties, including maroon, almost black. Chinese carnation fits perfectly into garden landscape, and has universal application.

So, it can be planted in separate flower beds, used in group plantings: in any case, the flower will perfectly fit into the surrounding space. In the article, we will consider the features of growing a Chinese carnation from seeds: we will find out exactly how to plant a plant, and what features of care you need to keep in mind.

Description and features

Chinese carnation - unusual ornamental plant, surpassing the usual analogue in brightness of colors and splendor of inflorescences. The use of this plant, as well as in garden design, is very wide: Chinese carnations can be used to decorate borders, flower beds, flower beds, rock gardens, balconies, facades: in principle, anything. By the way, this plant is called carnation exclusively in our country. In worldwide practice, it is known as the "divine flower".

As the name implies, the homeland of the plant is China, as well as Mongolia and Korea. In our country, Chinese carnation is grown as an annual or biennial plant, although on its own historical homeland it is a perennial.

Externally, the Chinese carnation is a compact bushes up to half a meter high. The stems of the plant are thin, sometimes knobby, the leaves are long, thin and sharp at the ends.

The video shows a Chinese carnation:

Today, simple, semi-double and double varieties of Chinese carnations are known: they all differ in a wonderful delicate color of the petals, sometimes defiantly bright.

The color of the petals of the Chinese carnation occurs in the following variants:

And this is what the seeds look like Turkish carnation, and how it is necessary to plant them in the ground, this

Currently, breeders have bred many other interesting shades of the plant: among them even such unusual ones as black and blue. In addition to the monochromatic color option, the petals of a Chinese carnation can be painted in two colors: with a decorative gradient transition. The size of the flower is usually about 3 cm in diameter, sometimes it reaches 4 cm.

Growing seeds outdoors

Due to the need to observe a certain temperature regime and the regularity of watering from seeds in the open field, Chinese carnations are rarely grown. Usually, at home, they prepare healthy and strong seedlings, which are then moved under the open sky: this way is more reliable, albeit more troublesome.

However, if you nevertheless decide to immediately plant the seeds in open ground, then it is recommended to pre-soak them for 20 minutes in a solution of succinic acid, and then, without drying them to the end, plant them in the ground. This procedure will strengthen the seeds and make them more immune to disease.

How it happens, and how to do it correctly, this information will help you understand.

But how Dimorphoteka is grown, and what such a flower looks like in the photo, you can find out from this

It will also be interesting to know how to plant Mattiola bicorno with seeds:

After three weeks, on average, the first shoots appear. When two or three leaves appear on them, the seedlings must be dived, planting them at the required distance from each other.

Growing with seedlings

To ensure the guaranteed germination of Chinese carnations, it is recommended to grow them using the seedling method. In addition, for many cold Russian regions, this is generally the only method. Seeds are planted for seedlings already in March, although to accelerate the beginning of flowering, you can do this in February and even in January. But the latter options are only suitable for areas with a warm climate.

The seeds are placed in prepared containers filled with a mixture of garden soil and sand. You can also add vermiculite to the soil, which will accelerate germination. It is imperative to put a drainage layer on the bottom of the container: the plant does not tolerate stagnant moisture.

After the seeds are placed in the ground, they are slightly sprinkled with vermiculite, after which the containers are removed in a sunny, well-lit place (a window sill on the south side will do). No soil compaction is required from above. It is advisable to install several fluorescent lamps above the containers with seedlings, which can be very helpful in case of cloudy weather.

For successful germination, it is necessary that the room temperature is about +20 degrees, and the soil constantly remains moderately moist. Additional protection in the form of film or glass is not required in this case.

After the emergence of sprouts, containers with seedlings must be moved to a room with a lower temperature - about + 15-17 degrees. Such a decrease in temperature is necessary so that the seedlings do not stretch too actively upward.

Attention: Chinese carnation reproduces well by self-seeding. If the seeds fell into the ground in the fall, then, having survived the winter, many of them will sprout safely in the spring: without any worries and hassles on the part of the gardener. The method is good, however, in this case, the carnation will grow spontaneously, as necessary. Although this method is also suitable for some picturesque garden designs.

Care

At least in natural conditions plant and perennial, however, in our country is grown mainly as an annual. I must say that growing this flower is not too difficult, and it is quite affordable even for inexperienced gardeners. What you need to pay attention to is the choice of soil: only in this respect does the Chinese carnation show some capriciousness. So, the plant needs a well-drained soil that is not prone to stagnant water.

In addition, the Chinese carnation needs additional fertilization: during the summer, you will have to fertilize it several times. Without additional nutrition, the plant will bloom more poorly.

As for the choice of location, the flower will feel best in the sun, partial shade is also suitable. Fully shady places not for Chinese carnations: in similar places of decorative and lush bloom you won't have to wait.

The video shows how to care for flowers:

There is one nuance that gardeners need to know: the roots of the Chinese carnation grow strongly and branch out. Therefore, to underground root system not messed up, it is recommended to plant carnation bushes at a distance of at least 20 cm from each other. And to ensure good lush bushiness, the tops of the stems must be pinched at the seedling stage.

As for watering, it should be moderate, and more abundant in extreme heat. Waterlogging of the soil and, moreover, stagnation of moisture in the soil, must be avoided.

A bed of Chinese cloves must be weed out by weeding regularly. Top dressing should be done 2-3 times a season. But some gardeners recommend feeding more often, especially if the soil is not fertile. To feed cloves, fertilizers with a potassium composition are used, and special compositions for clove varieties are also suitable.

To ensure longer flowering, dried buds must be removed from the bushes. Closer to August, gardeners recommend pruning tall varieties of Chinese carnations to extend the flowering period by rejuvenating the bushes.

If the plant is a biennial, then for the winter it needs to cut off the green top, leaving stems sticking out of the ground 10 cm long. It is advisable to cover these stems with leaves or dry grass so that the plant will survive the frosts safely.

Diseases and pests

A plant that is grown in compliance with the above recommendations, and for which competent care is carried out, usually develops without problems, and is not susceptible to diseases. There are few pests affecting the Chinese carnation.

Carnation is a graceful plant that is famous for the scent of its flowers. Known since the times Ancient Greece... Theophrastus gave it the name: "flower of Zeus". It is also called the divine flower. Carnation chinese cultivation from seeds, it is possible immediately by sowing in open ground or for seedlings. The flower is successfully grown at home, it is used to decorate rocky hills, rock gardens, they frame flower beds. The plant looks good in flower pots, v hanging planters, on the terrace or on the balcony.

Chinese carnation (Dianthus chinensis), about scripture

The flower can be found in the garden of every grower. Chinese carnation is considered a perennial plant, but in cold climates it is grown from seed annually, as an annual. They will be distinguished by long flowering. When blooming, white, red, pink flowers rise like a cloud above thin green stems. Flowers can be one- or two-color, with specks, "eyes", stripes of a contrasting color.

The size of the plant varies between 10-50 cm. The stems of some varieties have nodules. Pointed, elongated leaves are located on thin shoots. In some varieties, they curl downward. On the site, you can create a single ensemble of multi-colored terry, simple and semi-double varieties.

In a simple flower, you can count 5 petals, in a double flower - more than 20. Each petal is crowned with serrations or fringe. There are varieties with small flowers, not exceeding 1 cm in diameter, there are lush plants with a flower 4 cm in size.

Chinese carnation photo

Growing carnations from seeds

The value of the plant lies in the fact that it usually produces self-seeding. During the winter, the seeds stratify and germinate when warm weather sets in. It remains only to plant the seedlings that have appeared.

Specialized stores sell different varieties carnations. They can be sown directly on the street or grown in the house. Moreover, the second method is the most suitable, since everything can be created in the room the necessary conditions for the normal development of the plant.

Sowing seeds in open ground

As soon as the snow melts and the earth warms up, it is necessary to start sowing seeds. Sowing outdoors should be done in early May. The difficulty in growing is maintaining temperature regime in nighttime. Harmful to seeds low temperature, so the plantings will have to be covered with a film.

Before sowing, the seed should be soaked in succinic acid for 20 minutes. The solution must be made in accordance with the instructions. After the time has elapsed, the seeds should be taken out, put on a napkin so that it draws in water, but it cannot be dried out either. Before sowing, the bed must be loosened, weeds removed and shallow grooves made.

Attention! When sowing seeds, do not place them close to each other!

To avoid thickening of the planting in the future, you should mix the seed with dry sand and sow in the grooves. Top crops are sprinkled with a small layer of soil. After that, the beds should be moistened. The seeds germinate successfully at a soil temperature of +15 ºC and an air temperature of +20 ºC. It is clear that it is impossible to ensure the same temperature day and night, so the crops are covered with foil every evening. You can build a mini-greenhouse, so it will be more convenient to cover and hide it.

After 3 weeks, the first shoots can be seen. If planted densely, weaker seedlings should be removed, and stronger plants should be planted at an optimal distance from each other.

Chinese carnation from seeds at home

At home, sowing seeds in the ground is carried out in April. For sowing, take containers, fill with fertile soil. The soil is prepared independently: garden soil is mixed with sand and perlite, small white granules, is added to improve air exchange.

For your information! The presence of perlite in the soil provides not only air access to the root system. It acts like a sponge - it absorbs excess moisture.

Sowing seeds

A drainage layer must be placed on the bottom of the pot. Shallow grooves should be made in the soil and seeds should be sown. From above, they should only be lightly sprinkled with soil, but the soil does not need to be compacted with the palm of your hand. After sowing, the soil is moistened, the container is covered with glass and the mini-greenhouse is sent to a light windowsill. Suitable temperature for germinating seeds is +20 ºC. It remains only to regularly air the plantings, water as needed and observe the appearance of the first sprouts. After a few days, thin threads of new plants will appear. At this time, you need to remove the glass so that the landings do not burn out.

Daytime temperature should be within +20 ºC, night temperature should not fall below +17 ºC. If the weather is constantly rainy, it is always cloudy, the seedlings will suffer from a lack of natural light. It is recommended to install fluorescent lamps above the plants. It makes no sense to turn them on all the time, the plants grow so well, but in cloudy weather it is simply necessary.

Seedling picking

When the plant develops three true leaves, the seedlings are planted in separate pots. The procedure is carried out carefully, trying not to damage the roots. After picking, you need to water the young carnation. How to dive seedlings correctly, you can learn from the video.

Seedling care

Care consists in maintaining the temperature regime, moderate watering. When the time for transplanting into open ground approaches, about 3 weeks before planting for permanent residence, the seedlings should be gradually accustomed to fresh air. You can take containers or pots of flowers to the balcony, loggia or outside to the garden. During this period, it is recommended to keep the seedlings at a temperature of +12 ºC at night.

Note! It is important for the gardener to get a lush bush of carnations, therefore, when the seedlings noticeably start to grow, pinch the top. Pinching is carried out over the third real sheet.

During the cultivation of seedlings at home, the root system grows well and the plant can become cramped in the pot assigned to it. This can be seen by the amount of water consumed. If the soil dries up quickly after watering, then the plant needs to be transferred to a large container.

Transplanting plants is beneficial for both: the carnation and the owner. The plant will be able to develop faster, and the grower will not need to water the plantings often and make sure that they do not wilt, especially in hot weather. When growing seedlings on a southern windowsill, shade the plants at noon. The sun's rays can have a detrimental effect on the development of flowers. When to plant a plant in a flower bed?

Planting seedlings in open ground

It is advisable to transplant seedlings to a flower bed in early June. By this time, the likelihood of recurrent frosts can be excluded, so the seedlings will not be in danger. For cultivation, choose a sunny area with fertile soil. It is advisable to plant in a place where there will be no direct sunlight on the plants at midday.

For your information! Sometimes, by the time of transplanting into open ground, the first flowers appear on the seedlings. This factor will not harm the plant, it quickly adapts to new conditions.

When planting, the distance between the plants must be observed. It must be at least 25 cm.

Chinese carnation care

Watering. Chinese carnation easily tolerates drought, but reacts poorly to waterlogging of the soil. It is recommended to loosen the soil after each watering. Thus, providing oxygen access to the root system.

Be careful! It is better to skip watering once than to make a swamp in the area with plants.

Lighting. Carnation prefers bright open space but does not tolerate direct sunlight. Therefore, when choosing a site for planting, you need to pay attention to this.

Top dressing. Chinese carnation does not tolerate organic fertilizers, therefore, fertilizing plantings with manure is contraindicated. Fertilizer should be applied with care. Plants should be fed 3 times during the growing season. Complex fertilizers containing potassium and minerals are suitable for these purposes. If, in a warm climate, carnation is grown as a biennial plant, in the 2nd year of life it is required to feed it with fertilizers containing calcium.

Pest and disease control

Of the diseases, the most common are viral diseases that damage not only leaves and stems, but also the root system.

Common diseases of Chinese clove:

1. Fusarium wilting. To date, there are no methods to combat this disease. At the plant, foliage becomes discolored first, the stems become dirty yellow color, the tissues of the plant dry up and it dies. The stems become like straw, if you knead in your hand, you get one dust. In order to prevent the disease, treatment with the drug "Baktofit" is recommended.
2. Viral diseases. Lead to discoloration of foliage, growth slows down, the plant looks depressed. The central veins on the leaf plates turn yellow. Variegation is often observed. Diseased plants should be removed. To prevent the introduction of the virus, flowers should only be cut with a disinfected tool.
3. White rot. To combat the disease, the chemical "Rovral" is used. Plants wither completely. The first signs of the disease are manifested in the appearance of brown spots on the stems, inside which is the mycelium of the fungus with sclerotia - vegetative bodies.
4. Brown rot. It manifests itself in the form of rot spots on the stems. The onset of the disease is facilitated by high air humidity with poor ventilation. For the fight, drugs are used: "Fitosporin-M", "Rovral".
5. Rust. Yellow pads are formed on the stems, which eventually turn brown. The plant eventually dies. It is recommended to spray with Bordeaux mixture.

Attention! For planting plants, you can not choose a place located near conifers... Rust is bound to appear.

Insect pests:

1. Spider mite. Dry air, high temperature - ideal conditions for the appearance of the pest. On the back of the leaf, he twists his cobweb and peacefully wields, gradually reducing the plant's immunity. For spraying it is recommended to use "Fitoverm", "Actellik", "Iskra".
2. Thrips. The growth point is curved, which leads to deformation of the stem. The leaves turn brown, the flowers fade. It is recommended to hang traps near the plants and treat them with tanrek, phytoverm, spark. Insects appear in high humidity conditions, so if the plants are grown in the house, it is recommended to often ventilate the room.

Pests and diseases cause great harm to plantings, they can even destroy the entire collection. Therefore, it is important to notice changes in time and take measures to destroy insects and treat diseases.

Types and varieties of Chinese carnation

In the process of selection work, many varieties and hybrids of Chinese carnation have been obtained. The seeds are sold in specialized stores. Before you buy planting material, you should read the recommendations for growing, which are indicated on the package.

There are varieties with simple flowers, semi-double. Terry cloves mix is ​​very popular. That is, from the seeds of one bag, you can get plants of various colors in flowers and create with their help a beautiful composition on the site. The only pity is that you cannot guess what color the flower will bloom on the plant.

Varieties:

1. "Diamond". Tall compact bush with red double flowers.
2. "Tenderness". The name itself speaks for itself. The medium-sized bush is covered with snow-white double flowers.
3. "Black and white". A low-growing plant, suitable for border decoration or framing flower beds in the foreground. The color of the flowers is original: the inner petals are painted in a dark burgundy tone, and the outer ones are white.
4. Vesuvius. A low-growing variety with flowers of extraordinary beauty. In July, orange flowers bloom on the plant.

Hybrid series

What's so good about the series? When developing these varieties, the breeders took into account all the necessary conditions for growing carnations and were able to adapt the flowers to changing weather conditions:

1. "Parfait" F1. A planted plant that grows no more than 15 cm in height. But, despite its short stature, the series is famous for its huge flowers... There are varieties with pink simple flowers with a bright spot in the center, with a dark eye and pink petals.
2. "Charm" F1. Abundant flowering, variety of shades, low plants - these are the advantages of the series. Carnations of this selection are suitable for growing in containers and hanging pots.

Growing Chinese carnations from seeds is not at all difficult, and even exciting. It is especially breathtaking when you are waiting for flowering and you think: "What kind of flowers will bloom on the plant: double or simple, red or orange, white or pink, monochromatic or two-color?"

And here it is - the carnation bloom! It's good when the result exceeds your expectations. Chinese carnation, in response to good care, will endow with unique colors of lush flowers.

Video: growing carnations from seeds