A pipe for laying cables in the ground is a universal solution for many construction and engineering tasks, such as laying an electric cable in the depths, whether it be the Internet, networks, signaling systems or any other.
This polyethylene product avoids the laying of overhead electrical grids in areas with frequent storm and gusty winds.
Laying cables in the ground is one of the most popular ways to lay wires.
That is why the range of specially designed pipes for this is not limited to one or two variants.
Why is this high-cost one so popular at first glance?
Reasons for using pipes for laying cables in the ground:
- With the aerial method of placing the cable, any strong gust of wind can violate its integrity, which will not happen in the bowels of the earth.
- When icing in winter time breakthroughs often happen.
In this case, there is protection against vandals (it is much easier to cut off part of the cable hanging in the air than to dig it out of the ground). - The damage caused by the downtime of the plant, the enterprise, can be significantly higher than the savings during installation.
- If a short circuit occurs, there will still be no fire.
What pipes are used for cable laying:
- Steel (not suitable for power lines and does not protect the line if the integrity is violated).
- Asbestos-cement (heavy, harmful to human health due to the content of asbestos).
- High or low pressure polyethylene (strong, durable and lightweight pipes that are not subject to any decay or corrosion).
- Propylene (made of heat-resistant and plastic propylene polymer).
PVC (polyvinyl chloride).
HDPE (low pressure polyethylene) pipes have become very popular in the past few years. They are light or heavy corrugated, smooth-walled rigid, halogen-free, double-walled. Each of the options fulfills its own function.
Corrugated corrugations have increased elasticity, and when using a reinforcing mesh inside their structure, they become heavy. Hence they got their name. Double (double-walled) shells include not only corrugation, but also one more layer - polyethylene high pressure.
A feature of this type of building material is the fact that the value of the ambient temperature when laying such pipes does not matter. They are also lightweight and easy to install, and their service life is about fifty years in theory, in practice even longer.
There are several types of pipes suitable for laying cables in the ground. Among them: asbestos, PVC, HDPE, double. For different types wiring uses pipes that differ from each other in quality.
The use of HDPE pipes and their features
Why is it cheaper? The fact is that the material for the production of this product is waste from other industries with the addition of the necessary synthetic additives.
Among the advantages of HDPE pipes are the following:
- Long service life (nominally - 50 years).
- No application required welding machine for connecting sections of the cable route.
- Low weight.
- When used, no additional grounding is required.
- Pipes do not deteriorate under the influence environment, its factors, as well as the time factor.
- Withstand temperatures in the range from minus twenty-five to plus seventy degrees Celsius.
- HDPE pipes do not emit toxic and other harmful substances, and also do not emit condensate on the surface.
- The polymer, which is the main component of the product under consideration, easily bends in any direction, therefore, does not require additional fasteners and connecting parts. However, you should not bend the pipes too much - the cable will not work.
HDPE pipes are widely used in the modern technological Internet world. With the right approach to the process and correct laying, an excellent result can be achieved: the repair of the object will not be needed very much long time or not needed at all.
Technical parameters, marking and types of protective pipes
What are HDPE pipes protected from?
From mechanical damage, wandering current, the chemical action of the soil and its constituents.
For the purpose of use, electrotechnical and purely technical HDPE pipes are distinguished.
The first type includes additionally protected corrugated or double pipes ( distinctive feature corrugated product is smooth inner).
For technical purposes, simple single-layer HDPE products are used that do not give additional protection.
Corrugated pipes can be suitable for laying telephone, television, computer, electric cables in the ground.
It is important that the current flowing through the said wire be alternating or constant, but not more than 1 kV. In turn, corrugated pipes are divided into two subspecies: with or without a probe.
If the first one was chosen for the work, it will pass quickly and without problems. When buying a product without a pulling mechanism, you will also have to purchase a reusable cable pulling mechanism.
Technical parameters of pipes include concepts such as pipe thickness, wall thickness, color, compliance with GOST, the presence of marking, the number of layers. Typically, the following rule applies to this product. The larger the pipe diameter, the thicker its walls.
The last parameter can vary over a wide range. The minimum wall thickness is two millimeters. In this case, the diameter of the pipe itself is from 16 to 50 mm. The maximum wall thickness is almost three centimeters. In this case, the diameter of the pipe is twenty to twenty five centimeters.
Wear-resistant HDPE pipes withstand pressures from twenty to thirty-eight Megapascals, and the linear expansion coefficient is one hundred and forty Pascals. But not all underground cable laying works require such strong and protected products.
Therefore, manufacturers and on sale in stores have a whole line of different pipes:
- Lungs - withstand pressure up to a quarter of a Megapascal
- Medium-light - up to four tenths
- Average - up to six tenths
- Heavy - up to one Megapascal
Each “sleeve” for cable routing has a marking corresponding to its technical characteristics. This is legend, showing what parameters this or that product corresponds to.
In addition, the marking on pipes allows you to control the compliance of the declared quality level with that of a particular pipe.
Product classes with appropriate markings:
- "T" - heavy pipe
- "ST" - medium-heavy pipe
- "OS" - medium lightweight pipe
- "C" - middle pipe (by weight)
- "SL" - medium-light pipe
- "L" - light pipe
In addition to information about the weight, which is directly proportional to the strength, also indicate its and the thickness of the wall. To protect a thin cable underground (cross-sectional area one and a half to two square millimeters), a pipe with a radius of eight to twelve millimeters is required.
Moreover, the number of wires can vary from one to four pieces. If the cable has a cross-section of six to sixteen square millimeters, you will need a HDPE pipe with a diameter of twenty to forty millimeters, respectively.
The final choice should be based on the calculation of how many pieces of wires will be enclosed in low pressure polyethylene. For example, for three cables, each of which has a cross-sectional area equal to ten square millimeters, you need to select the same pipe as for two cables with a cross-sectional area of twenty-five millimeters.
What about thicker wires? If the cable in the cross section contains from thirty-five to seventy square millimeters, then more pipes will be needed. Namely: from 40 to 50 mm in diameter.
If the pipe is not corrugated, it cannot bend and is sold in limited length: for a diameter of up to nine centimeters, the length of the product can be one hundred or two hundred meters.
With an increase in the width of the lumen, the polyethylene sleeve decreases - for example, twelve meters each.
Another important criterion pipe quality assessment is an indicator called SDR. It is calculated by mathematically dividing the outside diameter by the wall thickness. With an increase in this special indicator, the overall strength of the pipe becomes lower.
The installation of technical protective sleeves is a process similar to the installation of electrical sleeves. The differences are only in the very purpose and labeling. HDPE pipes of this type are used for laying underground networks that are not electrical. For example, a heat pipe, sewerage.
Waste from other industries is used for the production of such pipes. For example, from brands "PE" thirty-second, sixtieth and eightieth, as well as the hundredth. The radius of the product can vary from one centimeter to twenty-five.
In addition to technical and sewage waters, such polyethylene products are used for non-pressure water supply systems, in storm water, drainage systems, for land reclamation, irrigation of crops.
Installation is carried out using fittings, adapters and couplings, since they cannot bend like corrugated pipes. In some cases, when it is necessary to ensure one hundred percent sealing, a special butt welding or compression fitting is used.
The quality and operating parameters of HDPE pipes are judged by the marking, which shows all the important technical features products.
More information about the corrugated pipe can be seen in the video:
How to lay the cable underground
To lay a cable in a special pipe underground, you must follow a clear sequence of such actions:
- Inspection of the HDPE product for damage. The same should be done with the cable itself.
- Marking the places where the pipe should be laid.
- trenches of the required depth for the cable (at least twenty-five centimeters).
- Pipe laying.
- Pulling the cable (it should eventually lie inside without tension).
- Filling the structure with a ten-centimeter layer of sand and a fifteen-centimeter layer of soil or earth.
- Laying the signal tape around the entire perimeter of the cable laying (optional).
When performing these works, you need to remember that when laying power cable it is better to avoid the use of adapters, couplings altogether, or use them only when absolutely necessary. Of this simple rule must be adhered to to ensure the safest possible seal.
In places where the structure exits the ground and enters the building, special fittings must be used. With regard to the minimum cable cross-section for underground installation, it is recommended to use not the thinnest ones. For example, a wire with a cross-section of four millimeters or more is suitable.
A pipe for laying a cable in the ground under the road, near buildings, industrial facilities must take into account all the maximum load that can be placed on it from above.
But this is not the only requirement for its successful and long-term operation, as well as for the operation of the cable in it.
It is also necessary to strictly follow the installation rules.
When installing communication networks, HDPE pipe for cable is widely used as a protective case. It is also used when laying power lines. The HDPE pipe reliably protects the cable from the influence of stray currents, mechanical damage and aggressive soil. The laying technology is determined by the purpose engineering networks and their location.
HDPE pipes for cable laying
The use of HDPE pipes for the installation of communications
For laying power lines and other engineering communications various HDPE pipes are used. They differ technical parameters and design features:
- When installing electrical wiring in the floor screed or brick wall a smooth black HDPE pipe is used.
- Products with a corrugated surface are used for laying open, semi-hidden and hidden ways electrical, telephone, television and computer networks operating with alternating voltage or direct current, the value of which does not exceed 1000 V. An electrical installation of this type can operate both outdoors and indoors.
- For laying in the ground, corrugated HDPE pipes are used, which are distinguished by increased elasticity and strength, the ability to restore their linear dimensions and ease of installation.
Depending on the design, the products are available with or without a probe. It is a special device that is designed to pull the cable inside the pipe. This allows you to reduce the time for laying power networks and communications.
In the absence of a probe, the cable is pulled through using a reusable device. The complexity of the operation increases somewhat, moreover, a certain technical support is required. However, the HDPE pipe for laying cables without broaching can be used repeatedly. This opportunity is relevant for private repairs of communications.
Corrugated cable laying pipe with probe
Among the manufacturers of HDPE pipes for laying electrical cables, the products of the DKS company are most in demand. It is represented by corrugated products "Octopus", intended for installation hidden wiring indoors. The line is supplemented with accessories and different kinds boxes that ensure the laying of communications in strict accordance with the established norms.
DKS products: HDPE pipe "Octopus"
To protect the power and signal cables, a series of double-walled pipes "Octopus" is used. They reliably protect electric wires from damage as a result of mechanical stress and environmental influences. The tightness of the plastic prevents moisture penetration even when laying the cable in the ground.
Advantages of HDPE pipes
Compared to the metal protective HDPE cases, the pipe for the cable is much cheaper. Moreover, it is not necessary to use products that are produced in accordance with the requirements of GOST for laying power lines and various communications - it is allowed to use products from secondary raw materials. Technical HDPE pipe is made from production waste, which is mixed with various polyethylene additives. This changes somewhat performance characteristics and the color of the finished product, but can significantly reduce costs and reduce its cost.
In addition, HDPE cable pipes have the following advantages:
- the service life under normal conditions is up to 50 years;
- individual sections can be connected without using a welding machine;
- are lightweight compared to protective metal cases;
- do not require grounding, as they have good electrical insulating properties;
- do not undergo destruction under the influence of an aggressive environment and corrosion;
- keep their parameters even in difficult conditions operation and can withstand temperature differences in the range from -25 ⁰C to +70 ⁰C;
- do not emit toxic substances and do not accumulate condensation on the surface.
The cable in the HDPE pipe can be laid along any curved path without the use of connecting elements, since the polymer lends itself to bending. It is especially easy to change the configuration of small diameter products.
However, you should not bend the HDPE pipes too much: this can provoke a hall and it will not be possible to stretch the cable.
Methods for laying an electric cable
The technical features of laying HDPE pipes depend on the location of the cable and the conditions of its operation. This also affects the list of equipment used and necessary components details.
Installation in building envelopes
Indoors, electrical wiring using HDPE pipes is laid as follows:
- outline the location of the cable;
- fix the pipe, and it can be attached to the floor using metal staples, and to the ceiling or walls - with special holders with a latch;
- stretch the cable so that it is located freely, without tension;
- the structure on the floor is poured concrete screed, and in the wall or ceiling they are sealed with plaster or other materials, depending on the diameter of the protective case.
Cable laying using HDPE pipes on the floor
HDPE pipe allows:
- reduce the length of the wiring;
- carry out repair work and cable hauling without damaging the surface of ceilings and walls.
When installing communications indoors, it is possible to use various connecting parts to fix individual sections of the protective casing: bends, couplings and other accessories. However, most often corrugated elements are in demand for turns at the points of entry of the pipe into the floor slab or transition from floor to wall. In this case, the HDPE pipe for electrical wiring must be bent at an angle of 90⁰, and this is impossible without crushing and deformation of the material.
According to current regulations for installation hidden wiring, which is located inside floors or walls made of non-combustible materials, it is allowed to use smooth or corrugated HDPE pipes.
Laying in the ground with digging a trench
This technology is in demand when laying communications in summer cottages. Before starting work, you should inspect the cable and check the integrity of the sheath. If it is damaged, the protective function of HDPE pipes will be useless.
Then, in the process of laying, the following operations are performed:
- make markings and dig a trench of the required depth;
- a HDPE pipe is placed in it with or without a broach of the required diameter;
- stretch the cable and lay it in such a way that it is located without tension;
- The pipe is first covered with a layer of sand 10 cm thick, and then about 15 cm with soil.
To quickly locate the location of the cable, you can lay a special signal tape over it.
Cable laying using HDPE pipes in the ground
When using HDPE pipes for laying power networks in the ground, it is advisable to exclude the use of couplings and other connecting elements, since this makes it difficult to ensure sealing. However, when bringing the cable into the building, fittings are simply necessary.
For laying the cable on a straight section, use solid pieces with a cross section of at least 4 mm. If the section is too long, then elastic metal wire or a special nylon broach should be used to tighten the electrical wiring. They are first run inside the pipe, and then the tied cable is tightened.
Trenchless laying
For laying the electric cable, which is located in hard-to-reach places, trenchless technology is used. Most often, it is in demand by utilities, as it is performed using complex equipment and special equipment.
The essence of the method lies in horizontal directional drilling, which allows laying underground utilities without disturbing the surface layer of the soil. First, they study the composition of the soil and obtain permission to conduct earthworks... Then the cable is laid in the HDPE pipe, which includes the following steps:
- Drilling a pilot well. The soil is punctured using a drill head, which has a bevel in the front and built-in radiation. When it enters the ground, a solution is fed through special holes that fills the well. It reduces the risk of collapse and cools the heating tool.
- Well expansion. Performed by a rimmer that replaces the drill head.
- Laying HDPE pipes with a cable inside... They are pulled into the borehole using a drilling rig.
Cable laying by horizontal drilling
The main disadvantage of horizontal directional soil drilling is the complexity of its implementation, therefore, for such work, an agreement is concluded with an organization that specializes in such activities and has the necessary equipment.
Horizontal drilling rig
Laying the cable using HDPE pipes allows you to ensure its reliable protection for a long period of time, it is enough only to observe the technology of installing power lines and other communications.
Laying cables in the ground is a fairly popular method of installing lines, despite high costs... Overhead lines are constantly exposed to various natural factors, especially when strong winds and icing. Renovation work on the lines lead to serious costs, and the damage from the downtime of enterprises left without electricity can be calculated in fantastic amounts. Trenching also has its own nuances, requiring the involvement of earthmoving equipment and additional protection from accidental damage. Today, pipes are increasingly used for laying cables in the ground, protecting from the effects of rodents, high humidity, mechanical impact. The use of pipes is regulated by SNiPs and GOSTs, for each type of cable its own types of these products are recommended. So, for laying the power cable, you can not use steel pipes, but for the control cable they are quite suitable. Range of pipes used for cable laying For a long time, only steel and asbestos-cement pipes were used to protect the cable laid in the ground. The disadvantage of the first of them was the lack of protection in the event of cable breakdown. Asbestos-cement pipes are heavy, fragile and contain a mineral that is far from the safest for human health - asbestos. That is why with the advent of plastic pipes they have become the main material used in cable routing. Among their advantages:
- small dead weight;
- high strength and durability;
- good insulating properties;
- not subject to corrosion and decay.
Currently, pipes for laying cables in the ground are made from high or low pressure polyethylene, polypropylene and PVC. All of these materials have excellent performance characteristics. Using pipes with different thickness walls, smooth or corrugated, allows you to choose optimal material to each specific type of cable. HDPE pipes for laying cables in the ground are very popular; they are produced in the following types:
- lightweight corrugated;
- heavy corrugated;
- halogen-free;
- smooth-walled rigid;
- double-walled.
Corrugated pipes for laying cables in the ground can be reinforced steel wire to give them extra strength. : a combination of practicality and ease of installation last years products such as corrugated 2-wall pipes for laying cables in the ground have proven their effectiveness. This system consists of a corrugated sheath made of HDPE and a smooth inner sheath made of HDPE. The pipe has a high ring stiffness, which allows it to withstand significant loads. The smooth inner wall makes cable installation as easy as possible, increasing the pace of work. Despite its two-layer structure, the corrugated 2-wall pipe for laying cables in the ground is lightweight, which greatly simplifies its transportation and laying in a trench. Installation of this type of pipe can be carried out in a wide temperature range, allowing it to work even in winter frosts. The two-layer pipe has high resistance to ultraviolet light, aggressive chemicals, which expands the scope of its application, simplifies storage. Simple couplings without sockets are used for the connection, which makes installation simpler, cheaper and more reliable. The service life of corrugated two-layer pipes is at least 50 years, but in practice it is much longer.
When laying electrical cables, it is imperative to take care of their protection, regardless of whether communications are installed on the street or in a building. The most common material used to protect communication networks is HDPE (low pressure polyethylene) pipes, which provide reliable protection from any external influences. This article will discuss in which pipes the cable is laid in the ground.
HDPE pipes production
LDPE and MDPE polyethylene is used as a raw material for the production of corrugated pipes. Pipes that are not subject to combustion or hardly flammable, in addition to polyethylene, have a flame retardant in their composition.
The method for the production of polyethylene pipes is extrusion. All work is carried out using high-tech equipment that automatically monitors the quality of finished products. Close monitoring and tracking of performance indicators to optimize costs source material, minimize the likelihood of defective production and reduce the cost of final products.
HDPE pipes consist of one layer, which differs flat surface... Such a pipe does not allow electricity, has excellent strength characteristics and withstands the impact of most aggressive chemical substances... The standard color of polyethylene pipes is black. Flexible HDPE pipes are well suited for the installation of electrical networks in a building.
HDPE pipes for laying cables in the ground
The laying of an electric cable underground can be carried out using the following types of HDPE pipes:
- Lightweight corrugated;
- Heavy corrugated;
- Halogen-free;
- Rigid smooth-walled;
- Double-walled.
To give the corrugated pipe more rigidity, you can use a metal wire as a reinforcing element. Double-walled pipes feature a smooth polyethylene inner jacket and a corrugated top layer. Such a device has an increased degree of ring stiffness, which provides the structure with additional strength.
Smooth-walled pipes are the best option for the installation of an electric cable, seriously simplifying the process of laying communications. The ease of installation is also supported by the low weight of polyethylene products, the installation of which does not require complex and bulky equipment. Pipe connection technology provides for the use of couplings without sockets.
Double-layer corrugated pipes have all the advantages of polyethylene products, including the possibility of installation at low temperatures. A standard buried cable can last over 50 years, which is considered very a good indicator in comparison with other building materials.
Classification of HDPE pipes for cable laying
When laying electrical networks, standard black pipes are usually used. A corrugated pipe for laying in the ground is excellent for arranging various communications, the power of which does not exceed 1 kW - and these are telephone and television cables, computer and household electrical networks.
Cable routing can be done in three ways:
- Open;
- Semi-hidden;
- Hidden.
All these methods are used to one degree or another both on the street and in the building. The corrugated pipe for laying cables in the ground has all the necessary characteristics, among which high strength, flexibility, ability to change linear dimensions and ease of installation are very conducive to this.
Polyethylene pipes can be produced with or without a probe (broach). A broach is a special structural element that allows the cable to be guided along the inner surface of the pipe. Pipes with a probe are very convenient and can significantly reduce the time required for laying a communication line.
In addition, pulling the cable through the pipe can be performed using special devices, but this is very difficult and requires special equipment. Pipes that do not have a broach are quite suitable for reusable use, but laying the cable in it is carried out with great labor costs.
Specifications of HDPE pipes
According to the standards, ready product should not have any damage - various sagging, swelling, cracks and other defects are not allowed. In addition, the pipe must not delaminate. The inside of the pipes must be perfectly smooth, and the outside must have a uniform structure.
Any HDPE pipe for cable laying must have a high degree of wear resistance. Polyethylene products are able to withstand internal pressures up to 20-38 MPa with a coefficient of linear expansion of 140 Pa, depending on the type of pipes.
The working pressure value for different types pipes is as follows:
- Lightweight electrical pipes - 0.25 MPa;
- Medium-light - 0.4 MPa;
- Medium HDPE pipes - 0.6 MPa;
- Heavy pipes - 1 MPa.
Advantages of HDPE pipes
Among the advantages of HDPE pipes, one cannot fail to note the long service life, which, under reasonable operating conditions, reaches 50 years. To a large extent, this is due to the complete resistance of polyethylene products to the effects of corrosion and aggressive media, as well as the absence of condensation on the pipe surface. Working temperature plastic pipes, in which they do not lose their characteristics, ranges from -25 to +70 degrees.
Installation of small-diameter pipes is quite simple and does not require the use of special equipment. Various connecting elements are also not required - the possibility of free bending (of course, within reasonable limits) allows the pipeline to be laid in almost any conditions. In addition, polymer pipes are not current conductors, therefore, during their installation, grounding is not required, and their incombustibility prevents the structure from burning even in the event of a short circuit.
Low pressure polyethylene pipe marking
All HDPE pipes must be labeled in accordance with standards. Marking not only allows you to classify different types of pipes, but also makes it possible to control the quality of products - the applied designations are a guarantee of the suitability of the material for use.
Each pipe has symbols representing the trademark or full name of the manufacturer. Marking can be done according to a national or international standard. The next element is the material of manufacture. For example, a PE 80 pipe is displayed as MRS 8. Also, the pipe must have the designation minimum thickness walls, outer diameter and nominal pressure(bar).
A separate item may indicate the suitability of a pipe for arranging a gas pipeline network or transportation drinking water... The last point of marking is the batch number and the date of manufacture of the pipe.
HDPE pipes are divided into six classes with the following designations:
- Heavy - T;
- Moderate - ST;
- Medium lightweight - OS;
- Average - C;
- Medium-light - SL;
- Lungs - L.
Selection of HDPE pipes for cable laying
Pick up protective material to lay the cable in the ground, you need to competently. Perhaps the most important parameter from which it is necessary to build on when choosing is the number and dimensions of the wires of the communication network. There is a direct relationship between these indicators and the dimensions of the pipe, which can be understood if we take a closer look at the most popular standard sizes of corrugated HDPE pipes.
When choosing a material, you need to know exactly their pipe dimensions. The diameter of standard polymer products can vary from 16 to 225 mm. Pipes with a small cross-section (up to 90 mm) are produced in coils, the length of which can be 100 or 200 m.If the diameter exceeds 90 mm, then the length of single pipe sections is 12 m.
To assess the degree of strength of the pipe, you need to find out what the SDR parameter is equal to. To calculate this parameter, you need to divide the outer diameter by the wall thickness. The strength of this parameter is assessed simply: the smaller the result of the calculation, the greater mechanical strength has a product.
Features of laying technical pipes
You can lay technical pipes outdoors, underground and in any buildings. When laying protection in a building, the pipeline should not be located open, but installed in concrete, brick or plasterboard walls.
The main nuances that arise during work are as follows:
- Installation of polyethylene pipes is possible at an ambient temperature of at least -30 degrees.
- If the structure is to be laid in a trench, the depth of which exceeds two meters, you need to take care of a protective concrete channel 80-100 cm thick.
- At horizontal arrangement pipeline protection can be firmly concreted in the foundation.
- When laying HDPE pipes for cables in the ground, it is necessary to monitor the tightness of all joints - this will protect the structure from various contaminants entering it. To connect separate parts pipe fittings are best suited for compression couplings and butt welding. Using fittings in the pipeline structure, you can simplify installation and increase the reliability of the connection.
- In the event that the structure will work under conditions possible emergence condensate, you need to take care of the installation of a broaching tube that collects moisture.
Laying electrical cables in structures
When arranging hidden wiring, it is quite possible to use smooth or corrugated pipes- there is not a single regulation that would prohibit such protection.
The procedure for installing a HDPE pipe is as follows:
- First, you need to mark all the points through which the cable will pass;
- The pipe is fixed in accordance with the selected trajectory;
- Stretches along the pipe electrical cable;
- The structure is closed with a concrete screed if the pipeline is on the floor, or with plaster when the communication is located on the ceiling or wall. Laying the cable in the pipe allows you to carry out repairs or renew the wiring in the future without violating the integrity of the surface under which the pipeline is located.
If desired, pipes can be attached to the floor using metal brackets, and holders with a snap are suitable for fixing the structure to a wall or ceiling. In any case, when laying the cable, make sure that there is no tension on it.
When arranging communications in the room, you can use connecting elements for the installation of pipe sections, but the best choice nevertheless, there will be corrugated elements - this will avoid kinks of the smooth pipe, due to which the material can deform.
Outdoor cable laying
The need to lay cables outside often arises on their own land plots. Sure, it comes, including the protection of the electrical network. Before laying the cable in HDPE pipes, you need to make sure that there is no damage to its structure.
Laying HDPE pipe for cable in the ground is as follows:
- First you need to mark a trench of suitable dimensions and dig it out;
- A pre-selected HDPE pipe for underground cable laying is laid in the trench;
- There is a cable in the pipe (there should be no tension);
- After pulling the cable, the pipe is covered with a 10 cm layer of sand and a 15 cm layer of soil.
So that in the future the laid cable can be found, it is worth leaving a signal tape above it or similar material... When laying pipes in the ground, it is advisable to refrain from connecting them with couplings and other connecting elements - they can cause a seal failure. Fittings can only be used to enter the electrical line into the building.
Trenchless cable laying in the ground
In some situations, it is not possible to prepare a trench for laying a protective pipeline. In this case, it is possible to lay the cable in the pipe only with the help of special equipment that makes it possible to implement the trenchless method of laying, for which the soil is drilled horizontally. Before work, in addition to preparing the equipment, it is necessary to obtain a permit for drilling and conduct a geological analysis of the soil.
The cable is laid in a protective pipe according to the following algorithm:
- A pilot well is drilled first;
- The size of the well is increasing;
- A HDPE pipe is installed in the well with an electric cable inserted into it.
When drilling a well, the soil is punctured, through which a solution will be supplied to the ground, filling the well, adding strength to it and cooling the tool during operation. To expand the well, a trimmer is used, which is installed on the equipment instead of the previously used drill head. Installation of HDPE pipes in a well is also performed using equipment.
Horizontal drilling technology has one significant drawback - the execution of work requires specific skills and equipment. Because of this, implement this method only companies specializing in soil drilling are capable.
Conclusion
The HDPE pipe for laying the cable in the ground allows you to protect the electrical line from possible damage caused by external factors. Polyethylene products have all the necessary characteristics and have affordable price so they should be considered first.