Nothing pleases the gardener more than primroses that appear one after another on the site. There is still snow in some places, but juicy greens plants with funny and bright colors, as well as possible, speaks of the awakening of nature.
Perennial primroses with photos and names
Anemone (Anemone)
Anemone Crowned with bright large flowersAnemone or anemone, so named for its sensitive attitude to the slightest breath of wind, is one of the first to bloom. The foliage has not yet blossomed on the garden trees and shrubs, and the flowers of the anemone are already swaying on high stems.
Early flowering allows you to grow anemones under trees, near shrubs, near the walls of buildings, which will protect the plant from the wind.
Buttercup and oak anemone, the most common types of plants that are grown in summer cottages as primroses. Anemone blooms at the end of April, their flowering lasts for two, three weeks. The color of the flowers of the oak anemone is white, and the buttercup anemone pleases with yellow flowers.
Similar to the above plant and anemone tender with blue flowers ... The smallest anemone (about 10 cm) is very popular among gardeners.
Crown anemone, a representative of warm edges, therefore requires the creation comfortable conditions for wintering. She needs shelter with foliage of broad-leaved trees (maple, oak). The flowers of this plant are larger; red and white, purple and pink.
The aerial part of all anemone species dies off after flowering a month later. Therefore there will be correct location next to them flowers with a later flowering period. With overgrown foliage, they will cover the unsightlyness of withered anemones.
The most affordable and easy way to propagate a flower is to divide the bush into several parts. Without digging up the whole plant, separate a piece of turf and plant in the right place. Separated anemone bushes have good survival rate.
Seed reproduction implies autumn sowing in the ground, or it is done at home, with preliminary stratification of the planting material. In the first case, flowering will occur in the spring of next year.
Snowdrops
Blooming snowdrops The plant is listed in the red book, because due to Great love person to its person, it is, in practice, uprooted from the habitat.
But the gardener has the opportunity to grow it on his personal plot, and admire its early flowering.
it unpretentious plant may not need a transplant for many years, since it has a minimum of requirements for soil and growing conditions. In addition, these plants do not like to be disturbed by their roots, but if such a need arises, then this should be done along with a piece of turf. It is not necessary to free the root system from the old soil.
Galanthus, another name for a snowdrop, grows well in shady places. A few hours of sunshine and moist soil is the minimum a plant needs to start flowering. And the cooler the spring weather, the more abundant and longer the snowdrop will bloom.
After flowering, the leaves should be left to wither on their own, during this period the bulb is stocked with nutrients for full flowering next spring.
About the breeding method dividing the bush mentioned above, and seed reproduction will give a result no earlier than four years later.
The following species are more often grown in gardens:
- common snowdrop, low plant with fragrant flowers;
- Elvis's snowdrop is different in height (up to 50 cm);
- Volkov's snowdrop, native to Russia. This species has the ability to grow very quickly, so it requires division of the bush every three years.
Flowers of all kinds are drooping, bell-shaped and white.
Proleska
Proleska is a bulbous perennial that covers the ground with low plants with blue flower stars. It is the density of planting that the effect of a blue carpet is achieved, which looks simply delightful against the background of a gray uncomfortable garden.
Siberian Proleska most common among gardeners, as a primrose used for early garden decoration. Due to the fact that the plant is hardy and does not require special care, it can grow in the garden allotted to it for up to 5 years. But in order not to weaken its decorative qualities, the minimum feeding rates should still be introduced. And they should consist of a complex containing phosphorus and potassium and nitrogen.
The increase in the areas occupied by the Proleskaya does not require much time and costs. It is enough to separate part of the flower together with the soil, without resorting to the complete extraction of the plant, and transplant it to a new place.
Plants are well adapted, with the arrival of next spring there will be a new island on the site, reflecting the sky blue.
They also grow a spit from the bulbs of children, which ripen quickly and are suitable for the formation of a full-fledged plant at the age of three.
Often, reproduction occurs by self-seeding, thus, single plantings of spruce can become dense thickets.
Tulips are widely used by gardeners to create flower beds, flower beds, and are grown specifically for cutting. And primroses include simple early tulips, as well as double early tulips.
This group of plants is different low height at 25-40 cm, but due to early flowering, they can often be found in early May on summer cottage... And they were planted with one purpose: to give the garden charm, bright colors. Especially when most of the plot is not yet covered with juicy spring greenery.
Tulip refers to moisture-loving plants , so they need watering in dry spring. They can be combined with top dressing, in early spring are added nitrogen fertilizers, and during the budding period and after flowering, phosphorus and potassium supplements are used.
After the tulip flower withers, its cup should be cut off, leaving the peduncle, he and the remaining leaves will help the bulb to stock up on the necessary nutrients for a safe winter and early flowering next spring.
Flowers that are used to decorate the garden, and the early blooming ones belong to them, can be left in the ground for several years. In this case, the autumn planting of flowers should be carried out at a depth of 25 cm, and more densely, and the soil around should be decorated with evergreen perennials. This will create a more picturesque spring flower garden.
One more beautiful perennial, from the bulbous family, which belongs to primroses. Blooming at the end of April, it looks great in a small flower garden, consisting of early flowering perennials.
Hyacinth flowering times are divided into three categories:
- early blooming,
- medium flowering,
- late blooming.
Although it should be noted that the difference between the beginning of flowering of the first category and the last does not exceed 10 days.
The inflorescences of early hyacinths are usually blue in color. Pink, white, red flowers are next. The parade of colors will be completed by plants with yellow and orange caps of inflorescences.
The cooler the spring weather, the longer the hyacinth blooms. If at t + 10 ° C it can be three weeks, then with its increase, the flowering period will decrease by a week.
The flower also has requirements for the composition of the soil. The soil must be fertile, neutral and have good texture and drainage properties. Even a slight stagnation of water in the area where the bulbs are located can lead to their death.
The land for the autumn planting of hyacinths begins to be cultivated in advance, applying organic and mineral fertilizers. The addition of humus, ready-made compost, sand, wood ash.
The planting of hyacinth bulbs begins at the end of September. Large specimens are deepened by 15-20 cm, and 8-12 cm will be enough for small ones. Between the bulbs themselves, the distance should be 10-15 cm and 5-8 cm, respectively.
The method of planting bulbs in the sand is also practiced. Sand is poured into the groove. A layer of 2-3 cm will allow you to fix the bulbs in it, pour more sand on top, and fill the remaining height of the groove with earth. This method will prevent rotting of the bulbs, protect them from infections present in the ground, and increase the drainage capacity of the soil.
With the onset of cold weather, planting should be mulched.
Spring maintenance work begins with removing the mulch layer and gently loosening the resulting crust on the surface and applying fertilizer.
- After the sprouts appear, fertilizing with nitrogen fertilizer follows.
- During the budding period, a complex of mineral fertilizers will help the plant to form a strong and bright flower.
- The third, mineral feeding, will allow the bulb to make a supply of the necessary elements and safely endure the winter cold.
Narcissus is a bulbous, perennial, early flowering plant.
The height of the plant stem is from 5 cm (dwarf species) to 50 cm, which ends in a white or yellow flower.
It is distinguished by an unpretentious disposition, both in relation to the soil on which it grows and to the illumination. It can grow and develop well on sandy soil. Loams are also suitable for growing daffodils. But minimal amount a complex of fertilizers, nevertheless, must be applied to the soil before planting the plants.
Choosing a place for planting a flower is not difficult: sunny or shaded... You should know that when choosing the second option, flowering will be longer.
Planting bulbs in open ground produced in September, taking into account that plants need about three weeks to form a root system. Otherwise, the bulbs will be squeezed out of the depths to the surface of the earth, which will lead to their freezing.
The division of a bush that is already in the summer cottage can be carried out at a time when the leaves of the daffodil begin to wither.
- Having dug out a bush, it is necessary to select the baby's bulbs, to discard the sick and damaged.
- Transplant the bushes you like to a new place, cutting off the above-ground part.
- It is better to leave a small stump so as not to lose the landing.
Primrose
An unpretentious herbaceous perennial, which, with its bright, varied colors, will revive any corner of the summer cottage.
Preferring shady places, the primrose thrives and blooms under the crowns garden trees and near ornamental shrubs.
The beginning of the appearance of flowers falls on the first days of May and the plant will receive a sufficient amount of heat and light, because the leaves on the trees have not yet blossomed in full force. And on hot days, the foliage will protect the flower from the scorching rays.
The soil for planting flowers should be loose, fertilized, without stagnant water. This saves the grower from having to fertilize every year.
After 3-4 years, it is advisable to transplant the primrose bush... The gardener will have the opportunity to increase plantings, and the plant itself will again be provided with a supply of nutrients for several years ahead.
The transplanting time is not critical, but it is better to do this when the plant has bloomed.
- The flower is dug up, the roots are washed to determine how best to carry out the division.
- Each separated bush should have its own point of growth with two to three leaves and a good tuft of roots.
- After transplanting, the plant should be watered and shaded for a few days.
Crocuses
Primroses that endure any changes in spring weather conditions.
For abundant and lush bloom crocuses need good lighting. And since they appear, practically from under the snow, it is possible to grow them near fruit trees and ornamental shrubs. There is no foliage on the trees yet, and the flower will be fully provided with sunlight.
Crocuses are not demanding on soils, but a small complex of nitrogen and mineral fertilizers should be introduced into the soil before planting.
An even more important measure is the improvement of the soil structure. It must be moisture permeable. Good drainage will relieve stagnant water, otherwise the bulb will rot and die.
Crocuses are propagated by bulbs by children, which are formed next to the uterine corms. Overgrown plantings of flowers are dug up every 3-4 years, the bulbs are sorted by size, dried in the air, but under a canopy. With the arrival of autumn, they are planted in a properly prepared soil. Typically, the timing of this work falls on the third decade of September.
Muscari
Muscari, short ornamental plant with a blue inflorescence similar to a bunch of grapes. Bulbous perennial, to the family of which the muscari belongs, can be grown in any corner of the suburban area.
The flower is light-requiring but you can grow it in near-trunk circles fruit trees, as the flowering is complete before the foliage creates a shadow over it.
A flower can grow in one place for many years.... This presupposes high-quality tillage before planting:
- application of mineral and organic fertilizers,
- improving the structure of the soil.
This will allow the plant to grow without a lack of nutrients. Providing good water permeability to the soil will protect the bulb from decay.
The same result can be achieved by pouring coarse sand into the flower planting holes. In addition, the lack of contact with the soil will protect planting material from infections that may be in the ground.
For spring flowering, the plant has enough moisture, which is formed from melting snow. Subsequently, after the leaves die off, one-year-olds will most likely be planted in this place, and moisture from their watering will flow to the bulbs.
The flower is propagated by bulbs by children. After the plant had bloomed, the leaves turned yellow and dried up, the flower entered a dormant phase. During this period, the plant can be dug up and young bulbs can be selected. But this work can be done at another time convenient for the gardener. This will not harm the plant.
The flower is a very winter-hardy plant... Caring for it is simple: loosening and weeding are the main types of work.
Grouse
Grouse imperial Grouse does not belong to capricious perennials. The original plant, with drooping flowers, makes the gardener want to grow it in his summer cottage.
The first thing to consider when purchasing planting material is their vulnerability. The bulbs do not have an outer coating, and any mechanical damage can cause various kinds of diseases.
In any case, before planting, they need to be disinfected with a weak solution of ordinary potassium permanganate.
Just like most perennials, hazel grouse grows in one place for several years without transplanting. And this must be taken into account when preparing the soil for planting. The introduction of organic matter in the form of humus or ready-made compost, substrates that improve the access of moisture and air will help the plant quickly settle in a new place.
After flowering, which occurs in the second half of May, the plant still looks decorative for some time, but by the end of June the stem begins to fade. Exactly this the best time to increase the planting of hazel grouses.
The bulbs are carefully dug up, washed, disinfected in a manganese solution and dried well. The available baby bulbs are also planted in autumn, in September. Usually hazel grouse begins to bloom when the bulb reaches 5 cm in diameter.
So it turns out that growing hazel grouse is not difficult, but requires patience.
Dicentra (Dicentra) is also called " broken heart» A charming plant with many heart flowers encourages the gardener to purchase a flower.
Enough unpretentious perennial regarding the choice of the landing site. It will bloom both in the sun and in the shade.
The difference is that in an open area, flowering will come earlier, but will be shorter. In the shade, the plant develops more vigorously and the flowering period increases.
Dicentra has a root system that is located close to the surface of the earth, this requires good drainage, otherwise fragile roots will suffer from stagnant water. This will inevitably lead to their decay and, as a rule, the death of the plant. The fragility of the roots requires careful handling of the flower during planting.
The flower is grown on fertile soils, with the introduction of ready-made compost, humus, wood ash.
Propagated by dividing the bush, which can be carried out both in spring and autumn. In the spring, this work is carried out as early as possible so that it does not at the expense of flowering.
An autumn transplant is less painful for the flower. After the plant wilts, it is dug up and the rhizome is cut into several components. They are planted in fertilized holes, covered with fertile soil. It should be watered abundantly, hygrophilous bleeding center.
Forget-me-nots
Forget-me-not Alpine Indigo Forget-me-nots are herbaceous perennial, with gentle blue flowers, prefers shaded areas with moist soil.
The soil, in the place where forget-me-not will grow, should not be overfed with nitrogen-containing fertilizers. This will lead to an overgrowth of the green mass of the plant and weaken its decorative qualities.
Grow forget-me-not from seeds. At their summer cottage, in June, they prepare a garden bed. Nitrophoska is introduced (30 g per 1 sq. M.), Half a bucket of humus is added, everything is carefully dug up, leveled and watered. Seeds are scattered along the shallow grooves. Sprinkle thin layer sand, compact.
To retain moisture and create optimal conditions for germination, the bed is covered with a film. By the end of the second week, it is necessary to check the crops; when shoots appear, the shelter is removed. Seedlings must be thinned out.
In the first year, the forget-me-not forms a small bush, and will bloom next spring in May. By then, it should be planted in its permanent place. Spring care behind a flower is watering and fertilizing with mineral fertilizers. In the fall, a nitrogen-containing composition should be added to them.
Despite its tenderness and seeming fragility, forget-me-not is a rather aggressive plant. If you let it grow on its own, then it will quickly seize territories that do not belong to it.
Lungwort - Pulmonaria villarsae Lungwort is a low rhizome perennial, the main advantage of which is unpretentiousness in terms of lighting. She is able to grow even in dense shade.
But partial shade is preferable for her.
The soil for lungwort needs slightly acidic, rich in humus. It can grow in one place for about 25 years... But the flower needs thinning, so dividing the bush once every 4 years will solve the problem not only with the density of plantings, but will provide the summer resident with planting material.
Among gardeners, lungwort is valued not only for its flowers, bells and its shade tolerance, but also for its decorative foliage. Light or dark green leaves are covered with white specks and specks all over the surface. In addition, they have the property of changing their color, in this case the speck merges with the color of the leaf.
Caring for the plant is not difficult, keeping the soil moist (but not excessively), one-time feeding, a set of mineral fertilizers and autumn pruning stems. Although the removal of the stems can be left in the spring.
Primroses in the garden: video
No matter how many flowers are planted on the site, the gardener will always have a desire to buy something new. And this is natural - the beauty of fresh flowers pleases.
And primroses are especially pleasing in early spring, when the snow is just melting and there is almost no greenery - and bright islands of delicate flowers have already awakened.
With the appearance of the first flowers in our gardens, real spring begins. These gentle, touching creatures, which appear earlier than others, fill the soul of any gardener with joyful awe. I offer a selection of flowers that are the very first to wake up after a winter sleep.
1. Snowdrop (galanthus)
This flower is familiar to everyone since childhood. Who doesn't remember the tale "12 months"? These unpretentious, touching flowers with white bell flowers are among the first to appear in early spring. Snowdrops bloom for about a month, they tolerate temperature changes well and are not afraid of early spring frosts.
2. Proleska (scilla)
The snowdrop is sometimes called the blue snowdrop, because of its external resemblance to the latter, and also because it appears as soon as the snow melts. In fact, these are different plants. These blue or blue flowers are also not afraid of spring frosts.
3. Hellebore
The name itself suggests that it blooms in the cold. In the south, hellebore blooms in winter, at the end of February. Its buds and flowers are not afraid of frost or snow.
4. Erantis (springer)
These sunny golden flowers will add mood to a dull spring garden. Erantis also blooms in early spring, in March-April, and is not afraid of frost and snow.
5. Primula (primrose)
There are many varieties of this plant, only a small part of them are grown in culture. Primroses bloom in early spring profusely and for a long time, in some species, repeated autumn flowering is possible.
6. Lungwort
The lungwort blooms in April-May. Grows well on light, well-moisturized soils. After flowering, it forms many multi-colored leaves.
7. Crocus
Bright low crocus flowers also appear along with the first spring warmth. Crocuses do not bloom for long, only 5-7 days, without transplanting in one place they can grow up to 5 years. There are crocus species that bloom in the fall.
8. Periwinkle
The evergreen periwinkle retains its foliage even under snow. As soon as the soil begins to thaw, it forms new shoots, and in April it is covered with soft blue flowers.
9. Adonis or adonis
Bright yellow, like little suns, adonis flowers appear in the very first fine spring days. They prefer well-lit areas and light fertile soil.
Spring cleaver appears immediately after the snow melts. Its cute yellow flowers bloom completely only in the bright sun, that is, in the middle of the day, and close in cloudy weather and at night.
11. Liver
The liverwort is popularly called the copse because she does not like open spaces and only grows in the forest. Its elegant, bright blue lush bouquets are so nice to find in the forest after a long winter.
12. Violet
Fragrant violet - perennial early spring plant... During flowering, the whole district is filled with its aroma. In the south, if a warm, long autumn is issued, the violet can bloom again in October-November. And it happens that its flowering continues throughout the winter.
13. Muscari
Muscari or mouse hyacinth is a perennial bulbous plant. Its tiny bell flowers are collected in racemose inflorescences of blue, blue, purple or white, depending on the type. There are also two-color species of this plant.
14. White flower
White flower spring blooms in April 20-30 days. The height of the plant is 20-20 cm. At the ends of its white bell-flowers, green or yellow spots are clearly visible.
15. Chionodoxa
Chionodoxa appears in early spring, it is also called the snow beauty. The leaves of this plant appear simultaneously with the buds. Flowers can be single or collected in small inflorescences. Chionodoxa is white, blue, blue or pink.
16. Pushkinia
Pushkinia is a herbaceous bulbous plant 15-20 cm high. The flowers are collected in racemose inflorescences of white or blue color. It blooms in early spring.
17. Corydalis
Unpretentious frost-resistant plant, blooms in early spring. The corydalis reaches a height of up to 20 cm. After flowering, its ground part dies off, after which the plant is not afraid of any mechanical impact, it does not care for it to trample or dig.
18. Iridodictium (netted iris)
These tiny bulbous irises bloom in April and give off a pleasant aroma. They reach a height of 10 cm. They grow well in sunny areas, but they also tolerate a little shading.
19. Kaluzhnitsa
Kaluzhnitsa is very similar to the peel, but these plants still have differences. Foliage persists until October, this is the main difference between them. Prefers well-moistened marshy soils.
20. Anemone or anemone
This plant is called anemone because the petals of most species fall off easily in the wind. Depending on the species, anemones can bloom in early spring, summer or fall.
21. Hyacinth
Hyacinth can rightfully be considered a favorite spring garden for its spectacular buds and a stunning heady aroma. These plants begin to bloom in April and delight with a rich palette of shades of white, blue, orange, yellow and pink flowers.
22. Hyacintoides
Another early spring plant. Outwardly, this plant resembles a spit, but has larger and elongated flowers. There are white, blue and pink plants. Blooms for a long time, up to three weeks
23. Bulbokodium (brandy)
This is a very beautiful stemless multiflorum, forms 2-4 flowers surrounded by leaves. It blooms for two weeks, spreading a delightful aroma around itself.
24. Brunner (forget-me-not)
Herbaceous perennial up to 40 cm high. This unpretentious frost-resistant plant grows well in shady corners of the garden. Flowers are small, collected in apical inflorescences. Blooms in May.
25. Tulip
Wild varieties of tulips, unlike their cultivated counterparts, bloom much earlier, already in April. In total, there are more than 100 species of this plant.
26. Narcissus
The arrival of spring is always associated with the onset of warmth, birdsong, greenery and, of course, the appearance of the first flowers. Beautiful spring flowers delight the eye with a bright color, impress with their diversity and inspire any gardener to start productive work. From the first month they fill houses, flower beds and gardens with paints.
Flowering time
As you know, all plants, even wild ones, require a certain comfort for optimal implementation.
Some survive only in sunlight, others only in the shade, some need constant moisture, others gradually disappear in the water. Therefore, each type of plant, depending on its characteristics, produces due to some factors. The first spring flowers grow depending on the following factors:
Types of plants blooming in spring
There are many varieties of spring flowers, which allows these green creatures to delight every grower during the first warm season of the year. They differ in type, variety, color, smell, size, period and place of growth, and others. characteristic features, attracting the attention of lovers of primroses with different tastes and interests.
Snowdrop and scrub
Snowdrop is one of the very first spring plants to bloom. It is not difficult to guess why it has such a name, because its flowers can appear literally from under the snow. Snowdrop is a bulbous flower with white bell-shaped inflorescences. Able to multiply both by seeds and by means of daughter bulbs. The plant blooms for about a month, is not afraid of frost and temperature changes, but blooms only two years after planting.
The sprig or scylla is often confused with the snowdrop due to its physical resemblance and similar growth characteristics. But the flowers of the scilla, unlike galanthus, are blue or blue. The scrub can decorate a grassy lawn, a flower bed, and even a room.
Crocus has earned the love of gardeners for its impressive beauty and diversity. They can bloom not only in spring but also in autumn. Different varieties of this undersized species are characterized by their own petal shapes and their color: blue, white, yellow, purple. Saffron propagation occurs by corms and children, which are planted in August, September or October, and in June they are dug up and transferred to the room. Plants blooming in spring in September are planted in nutrient soil in a sunny area. Crocuses bloom for a little longer than a week, early or mid-April.
Lilies of the valley are another irreplaceable spring flowers in the garden. These are unpretentious perennial lily plants with white bell-shaped inflorescences, wide leaves and stems of about 25 cm.
The flowering period is late May or early June. Lilies of the valley are planted from early September to October, preferably under trees or bushes, as they are shade-loving (but without sunlight there will be no flowers). It is better to choose the soil for this plant neutral, organic and moist. Flowers grow rapidly, which can lead to the displacement of other species.
Tulip and daffodil
Tulips are very common spring flowers with huge amount varieties that vary in color, size, flowering period, and more.
These are bulbous perennials from 10 cm to a meter in height. They are planted in mid-September, but some growers claim that this can be done in the spring. For this, sandy loam, dug up soil is suitable. Well popular dutch tulips, hallmark which is a large red flower. By planting different varieties of tulips together, you can get a spectacular, bright flower garden. They will look good on the lawn too.
Narcissus, like most spring flowers, is an unpretentious bulbous plant. It attracts attention with its unusual inflorescence and pleasant smell. Daffodils are distinguished by their rapid reproduction (six children can grow from one bulb per year). Favorable planting time is the end of August - September. A place for them should be found sunny although these plants are not afraid of moisture. White or yellow flowers daffodil bloom two weeks in April. They work well for decorating borders or solo flower beds.
Pansies and violets
Pansies are very often used for landscaping a garden. These are herbaceous annuals or biennials from 15-30 centimeters, with violet-shaped flowers. Large-flowered and undersized varieties are known.
Most often grown seedling method... Sowing seeds should be carried out in early July in order to get seedlings by autumn. In open ground pansies planted at the end of September, although planting in early spring is possible. Viola requires good, fertile soil to produce better quality flowers. The plant blooms in early spring, and withers by mid-summer.
The blue violet flowers are also early spring plants. They often become favorites of flower growers, as they are very beautiful, compact, grow in the garden and in the room, and also emit a pleasant aroma. These herbaceous plants come in many varieties:
- graceful violet;
- Manchu;
- moth;
- variegated and others.
Violets reproduce by seeds or by dividing curtains. In the first case, the seeds are covered with earth and kept until germination in a dark, cool place, a month later they dive, after which (in June or before winter) they are planted in pots or in the garden. Violets will also become wonderful decoration flower beds or borders.
In April or May, the garden of many flower lovers is filled with elegance by an evergreen primrose - hellebore. It is a rhizome perennial with white, peach, red or other shades of flowers. It does not tolerate excessive moisture and direct sunlight. As the name suggests, the plant is resistant to frost... Reproduction occurs often by division, sometimes by seeds.
If you plant daisies in September, then by May you can provide garden paths or borders an unusual star-shaped ornament, which will delight every year, thanks to self-seeding.
Daisy seeds can also be sown with grasses on your lawn. Different varieties these plants give white, pink, red baskets. They love light, watering and are unpretentious to the soil.
Primula is a bright bell-shaped primrose up to 30 centimeters tall. It will perfectly highlight unremarkable shrubs or trees.
In addition, it will be a pleasant addition to food, since its leaves at the beginning of flowering are quite edible and healthy. But for this, the soil for the primrose must be supplied with sand, ash and rotted compost, and during the flowering period it must be watered regularly. The flower propagates by dividing the bush or seeds. It is planted in early June in a place in partial shade. Primrose blooms for a long time and abundantly... Sometimes she tries to bloom again a year - in the fall.
Perennial bulb hyacinths are a tall plant with a stem of 30 centimeters, at the top of which are collected inflorescences in the form of a cylinder. The color of the flowers is quite diverse, depending on the variety. It can be white, pink, blue shades. Sod and leafy, neutral soils are acceptable to hyacinth. Planting takes place in September. Hyacinths are capricious plants, they do not tolerate frost, direct sunlight and waterlogging. They begin to bloom in early May and continue for about 25 days. These flowers grow both in open soil and in indoor conditions.
Every gardener, looking forward to the fruits of his labor, will certainly decorate his garden with several types of early flowers, so that they become heralds of spring and delight him until summer.
The approach of spring pleases not only with warm days, but also with the first early flowers, which begin to bloom immediately after the snow melts. After a long and cold winter primroses seem especially beautiful. Snowdrops, woodlands and crocuses bloom in mid-April, and pansies, primroses, hyacinths and many other early spring flowers bloom in May. Happy owners of backyards and summer cottages are looking forward to the appearance of primroses, which become a decoration of the beginning of spring.
Bulbous primroses
The most beloved and popular among spring flowers are all kinds of bulbous plants. They all grow as in wildlife, and on personal plots. Each of them has its own peculiarity and personality.
Snowdrop
The snow in the garden has not yet completely melted, but the first snowdrops are already beginning to bloom. Depending on the climatic regions, these cold-resistant primroses appear in March or April. Snowdrop or galanthus grows in nature on damp rocky slopes, in deciduous forests, forest edges, meadows.
Snowdrops are different:
- linear leaves;
- drooping double flowers, consisting of six lobules and having a length of 2-3 cm;
- peduncles up to 25 cm high;
- elongated bulbs with white scales.
Galanthus propagates by seeds or daughter bulbs. When propagated by seeds, the plant blooms only in the third year of life. The bulbs are planted immediately after flowering or at the end of summer.
Occurs in nature 18 types of snowdrops, looking at the photos of which you can immediately understand that these flowers are truly magnificent.
Proleska
The blue snowdrop or blue snowdrop is found naturally in Europe, Central Asia, Siberia, and the Caucasus. In household plots, Siberian forest trees are most often grown, which begins to bloom from mid-April.
Blue snowdrop can be recognized by its sky-blue drooping bell-shaped flowers (pictured) and flattened peduncles about 20 cm high. Its ovoid, small bulbs are covered with brown-violet scales.
To plant these first spring flowers in your garden, you will need to choose a semi-shaded place under the crowns of trees or shrubs. The soil for them should not be too light, and moderately moist.
The scrub will look spectacular against the background of evergreen perennials on an alpine hill and among other bulbs in rockeries.
Vesennik
In early spring, when the garden is not yet full bright colors, the first bright bloom spring Flower – springman or erantis... Its sunny golden flowers bloom in March or April and are not afraid even of late snowfalls.
In nature, the spring plant grows under deciduous shrubs and trees. It requires moist soils without stagnant water.
The tiny flowers of erantis will look spectacular in group plantings in combination with other bulbous primroses.
Net iris or iridodictium
It is a low bulbous plant whose flowers resemble irises. Graceful attractive plant up to 10 centimeters high loves the sun very much. That is why it is recommended to plant mesh iris in open sunny areas. Iridodictium is an ephemeroid, that is, after the flowers of the plant wither, its leaves will begin to die off.
Irises bloom from late March to April, and look great in rocky gardens, among others bulbous plants and lawn grass. Bulbs should be planted in early autumn.
Muscari
At the end of April, muscari or mouse hyacinth blooms in the gardens. This primrose passes the baton to tulips, daffodils and hyacinths.
There are about forty varieties of mouse hyacinth that differ in the height of peduncles, the size of the inflorescences and the color of flowers. The most popular among gardeners are:
Mouse hyacinth multiplies very intensively. Because of this, its plantings become denser over time. However, thanks to the narrow leaves, the plants long time do not need a transplant.
Very impressive blue primrose looks in rock gardens, borders and large groups. If you land on one site different varieties blooming in different time, then they will delight with their splendor from early spring to mid-summer.
Crocus
Crocuses occupy a special place among the first spring flowers. This plant has many species, each of which differs in color and shape of the petals. Botanical crocus species bloom in some regions as early as February. A little later they wake up and begin to amaze and delight with their size and bright flowers Dutch hybrids.
Plant crocuses better in autumn in the diffused shade of shrubs and trees or in sunny areas. Rodents are very fond of their bulbs, so it is recommended to use baskets when planting.
Crocuses are appropriate almost everywhere. They can be planted in small groups on lawns, flower beds, under bushes or trees.
Spring herbaceous perennials: photo
Not so many herbaceous perennials bloom in early spring. But each of them is beautiful and effective in its own way.
Lilies of the valley
This one of the most famous flowers belongs to to the lily family... In order for lilies of the valley to bloom as early as possible, they should be planted from September to November. In this case, it is necessary to ensure that all the shoots are covered with earth, and the root does not bent.
Lilies of the valley love moist, fertilized soil. Their root system highly developed, therefore, it is not recommended to plant them next to other flowers. The best option- planting lilies of the valley under trees and bushes.
Daisies
Spring flowers are among the first to bloom perennial daisies... They begin to bloom in early May, and the buds remain throughout the winter.
These short plants with large flowers will look beautiful in the form of borders and along paths. Inserting daisies into your lawn will give it a star-like appearance.
Daisy seeds should be sown in temporary beds in July. Flowers are planted in a permanent place in early autumn or early spring. Further, the plants will disperse themselves, and bloom every year.
Hellebore
This spring plant most often blooms for Easter holidays, therefore in Europe it is called "Christ's rose". More than twenty species of hellebore grow in nature. On garden plots most often garden hybrids are grown, which begin to bloom in early April.
The flowers of hybrid plants can be yellow, pink, white or red. The most popular are bright purple flowers with a greenish tint.
Even under the snow, the evergreen periwinkle plant will retain its green foliage. It is covered with numerous pale blue flowers in April. Varietal plants may have simple or double flowers lilac, white or red.
Periwinkle can be propagated by cuttings in July-August. It should be planted on well-drained, neutral soils without stagnant water. The plant loves shady and semi-shady areas, and grows quickly.
Primrose
In May, primrose primrose blooms with various colors. The plant blooms profusely for four weeks. Some species can bloom again at the end of summer.
Primrose there are more than 550 species... The most common are:
- high;
- toothed;
- auricula.
Plants do not like direct sunlight, and grow well in partial shade next to trees and shrubs. You can grow primroses not only in the garden, but also in containers located on terraces, loggias and balconies.
This list of names and descriptions of primroses is of course not exhaustive. It can be supplemented with tulips, hyacinths, anemones, chionodox, white flowers and many other spring flowers. However, we tried to describe and show photos of the most popular and unpretentious flowers, which are the first to delight us with their flowering after a long cold winter.
Primroses flowers
Forest spring primroses. Excursion. April 1st, 2014
A good tale about 12 months, the one where brother April helped a kind girl find snowdrops in a snowy forest. A fairy tale is a lie, but there is a hint in it. They say that Samuil Yakovlevich Marshak "spied" the plot of the tale from the Greeks or from a Czech writer, and there such phenological phenomena are quite possible. V recent times and here in Central Russia, in the fall, the wild rose will suddenly bloom, then the alder. But still, these are exceptions to the rules that nature has developed for its own good, has adapted to possible short-term temperature surges. Such as yesterday's Moscow blizzard with snow.
It is still cold and there are no pollinating insects at all, but there are heavy gusts of wind, aspen and alder are blooming. They have adapted to the fact that there are no winged helpers. Therefore, they produce pollen in large quantities and there is even such a thing as “Alder is dusty”.
On the same days, the willow begins to bloom, and a little later, other willows. It is to them that the first awakened insects fly, but the willow has a protective device against cold weather. All of a sudden it starts to blow for a week in April, all the bees will sleep. That's why good ability Many of our willows to sprout play a major role in their dispersal - an abandoned field in a few years can turn into impassable thickets of willows.
At the same time, one of its main plants, cotton grass, begins to bloom in the swamp. In the harsh conditions of the tundra and swamps, insects also cannot help in pollination.
And again the wind comes to the rescue. Pollination occurs on the entire territory of one swamp at the same time, therefore all the plants bear fruit together and at once, in the summer the swamp begins to resemble a large cotton field.
In humid places, in swampy meadows, an inconspicuous plant, the spleen, begins to bloom. Tourists walking in the woods in the spring may not even realize that they are walking along flowering plants- he is so inconspicuous to the eye. Perhaps, it would be inconspicuous for insects, but they see in the ultraviolet range. And if they don't see it, the “adapted” spleen can pollinate itself and disappear underground in a couple of weeks until next spring. Such plants are called ephemeroids.
But this plant is difficult not to notice, or rather not to smell it. You walk through the April forest, the snow is still crunching, but when it warms up, more often on the edge or clearing, a surprisingly pleasant, delicate and alluring aroma covers the traveler. Here it is - an inconspicuous bush of a wolf's bast.
Its scent attracts overwintered butterflies and bees like the valerian tincture of cats. In repeatedly chopped forests middle lane wolfberry is usually a thin, small bush. And only once I came across to me in Valdai national park real giant with a trunk 4 centimeters thick and a huge dense two-meter cap of flowers.
We are pleased with the smell of wolfberry, like many early flowering shrubs even before the leaves are completely blooming.
In an undisturbed dark spruce forest, which, both in winter and in summer, the noble liverwort will flare up in one color with a rich blue paint. It seems to me that it retains this rich color in the first few days of flowering.
And next to it, under the spruce paws, if you look closely, you can find a completely inconspicuous plant with almost black flowers. This is an evergreen European clefthoof.
The background for the spring forest is the anemone always trembling in the wind - to the north and west of Moscow it is the white oak anemone.
To the south and east, the yellow buttercup anemone dominates.
Sleep-grass has become a real fairy tale of pine forests, old birch groves, sunny edges. Twenty years ago, it was quite common in nature at a short distance from cities. But everything is changing, today this plant is in almost any central regions in the regional Red Data Books. In the Novgorod region, together with the Valdai National Park, we organized a small expedition, and found only a few plants in two places.
Another interesting plant of the spring forest is the Peter's cross.
It does not have green leaves, as well as chlorophyll. The short flowering period will end and the mysterious Peter's Cross will end, as Count Dracula will go underground until next spring or even for several years.
In the meantime, in the aspen forest last year's shoots of the ostrich fern gleam beautifully in the setting sun. Not a primrose, of course - but cute. Some even put it in vases, but these are certainly not villagers, but biologists.
In more southerly or eastern oak forests, the herbaceous cover in spring is not green, but blue. As botanists say, this screech aspects, i.e. creates a specific color background.
Siberian Proleska, like all liliaceae, accumulates in the bulb for a whole year nutrients... And then it breaks through the dry and rather dense litter of deciduous forests and rushes
up towards the light.
Goose onions do the same in the oak forest.
Once, there was calmness in the riverine strip oak forests on the right bank of the Seversky Donets. Quiet, the foliage is still quiet, because the buds have not blossomed. Shooting this goose bow from a low point, I felt a very quiet rustle all the time. Are the voles rustling? No - it was thousands of woods and goose onions rushing towards the light through the old foliage.
And on the sandy alluvial dune of the left bank of the Oka, the goose onion does not need to overcome the crust of old leaves. So he grew up so loose.
And in a small forest stream, and on floods, on rivers, a marigold rises from the water
The marigold is beautiful at the very beginning of flowering, while the buds look like small yellow-green balls or on the first day of full flowering.
And then huge burdocks of leaves will stick out of the water, the flying petals will float on the water and try, build a picture in complete chaos of yellow.
So the first mosquito appeared, which means almost summer. There will be other herbs - violet, oxalis, swimsuit, orchis and venus shoes, bells and gentian. But this is already different summer history about flowering plants.
And finally. I think it is not even worth reminding the readers of my blog that primroses are good where they could grow. In a bunch, they wilted in a few minutes. But even digging out is not worth replanting, only a super experienced person will be able to simulate natural conditions on a personal plot, observe all the conditions of moisture, shading and nutrition for such fragile creatures. But if you have time, go out in spring forest with a camera, look for the heroes of my story at least to find out their names.