Dacha - this word evokes in everyone a range of memories, emotions and impressions. In order for all these thoughts to be more positive, and trips to the dacha more joyful, it is worth paying more attention to flower beds and flower beds. They will delight the whole season with a riot of colors and a wonderful aroma. Perennial plants will help make any color fantasies a reality. The advantage of perennial flowers is that by planting them correctly once, you can enjoy the result for several years. The most popular ornamental perennial flowering plants are described in this guide. And also, for convenience, all flowers are divided into groups according to the flowering period. Having studied the basic principles of growing, you can safely start forming.
By the flowering period, ornamental plants are divided into spring, summer, autumn.
Spring flowers perennials
Flowers that rush to open in early spring are called early flowering. There are perennial flowers that bloom in mid-spring, when the sun has already warmed up the earth and air warm enough.
Bulbous perennial flowers:
Galanthus (snowdrop)- flowers appear with the first drop and melting of snow. Bloom for about a month (in March). Love sunny places although they can tolerate a little shade. They are not picky about the soil. Propagated by bulbs, as well as seeds carried by ants. The bulbs are planted in the fall. In the spring, after flowering, overgrown bushes can be planted.
Bulbous perennial flowers for giving Galanthus (snowdrops)
Have a short growing season and then die off top part and they are not visible until next spring.
Crocuses (Saffron)- bloom together with galanthuses, have multi-colored buds:
- Yellow;
- Lilac;
- Blue;
- Cream, etc.
Photo of crocus flower
Crocuses will become an ornament on flower beds, lawns, flower beds, in containers, under trees and bushes. They bloom in March, as soon as the snow melts from their territory, and the sun shines.
Hyacinths- flowers with large, multi-colored inflorescences. Very gentle but demanding. To grow them, you need to adhere to several rules:
- Soil for hyacinths is suitable neutral, consisting of leafy and soddy soil;
- The flower does not like waterlogging;
- You need a lot of light, but direct sunlight is harmful;
- The area with hyacinths must be protected from wind gusts.
Hyacinths, photo of perennial coloring pages
Flowering period: end of March, April, beginning of May (depending on the variety and temperature outside).
- White - Album variety;
- Greenish to purple - Fantasy Creation - chameleon muscari;
- The yellow ones are the Golden Fragrance variety.
There are other shades of blue or two-tone muscari. It is better to plant these plants in a group, so they look spectacular. Plant the bulbs in the fall, no need to cover, they tolerate cold well and hibernate in the open field.
Daffodils - perennial bulbous plants. There are more than twenty thousand varieties. All of them are divided into groups:
- Large-crowned;
- Small-crowned;
- Tubular daffodils;
- Triandrus;
- Cyclameniform;
- Terry;
- Jonquiliform;
- Tacettoid;
- Poeticus;
- With a split crown.
Daffodils bloom in April and May. They love sunny places, but they can withstand partial shade, the main thing is that the soil is breathable and good drainage. Valued for winter hardiness. It is better to plant in late August or early September. They look good, both on alpine slides and along the alley, or in groups on flower beds and flower beds.
Herbaceous perennials:
Primula (primrose)- about 550 species are known. These perennial flowers come in all kinds of colors. You need to plant a plant in the second year of life in the fall, in moist soil, in an area with diffused light. It does not tolerate direct sunlight, therefore it grows well under trees, especially fruit trees. Behind the shape and arrangement of flowers, five groups of primroses are distinguished:
- cushion;
- umbrella-shaped;
- tiered;
- bell-shaped;
- capitate.
Primula: photo of flowers
V folk medicine use rhizomes for decoctions when coughing, and the leaves are a storehouse of vitamins in the spring, they are used to make salads.
Hellebore (hellyborus)- early flowering plant. It blooms in March and April. The flowers are large, depending on the variety:
- Eastern - has flowers of white and pink color;
- Black - lilac flowers;
- Caucasian - pale - green flowers, sometimes white. Very frost-resistant, does not shed foliage even for the winter. Strongly poisonous!
- Smelly - beautiful green flowers, but unpleasant smell.
Hellebore (helleborus) is an early flowering plant.
Hellebore, photo of summer flowers
Planting is best done under the crowns of trees (he does not like sunny areas), the soil should be moist, rich in humus.
- Medunitsa (pulmonaria)- shade-loving perennial with flowers of different colors on one stem (pink and blue). Leaves are green with white spots. Blooms in April - May. It is a honey plant and a medicinal plant. Prefers partial shade, coolness, moisture, but not stagnant water. It is unpretentious to the soil. In the sun, the leaves burn, and the plant withers.
Pink lungwort flowers
- Periwinkle- a plant with climbing and creeping evergreen stems. Blooms in April. The flowers are light blue. Periwinkle is very easy to grow. Loves shady terrain, moist soil. It is best to plant in April. It is used both on alpine slides and on flower beds. If necessary, you can trim and shape.
In the photo - periwinkle bloom
- Badan (bergenia)- a low-growing perennial plant with hibernating leaves. In the spring, prone to disease, so you need to treat with protective drugs. Badan is shade-tolerant, but it is better to plant in areas of poorly shaded, since the flowering period will be later. Blooms in May - April. The flowers are pink, lilac small bells. After dividing the bush, plant it in neutral, garden soil in late summer. Sow seeds in spring.
Photo of Badan in landscape design
- Anemone (anemone)- perennial flower resistant to disease and does not require special care. The main thing is to plant in well-fertilized soil. And also, water abundantly in the heat, and sprinkle with a ball of dry leaves for the winter. Plant in spring, dividing bushes or branches. Can be grown from seed. Anemone blooms with all rainbow colors from April to October, depending on the variety:
Different coloring of anemone flowers
Liverwort (coppice) Is an evergreen forest plant that takes root well in a new place. Prefers moderate moisture, shade-loving, winter-hardy. It blooms in April - May with blue single flowers. There are garden varieties with double buds, as well as pink, white, purple. Needs fertile soil.
Sandbox flowering photo
A kind of garden sandbox
Lilies of the valley - drought-resistant plant with fragrant white bell flowers. He loves partial shade, in a strong shade there are fewer flowers and more leaves. Loves moist soil, but can withstand drought. The soil must be selected slightly acidic, rich in organic fertilizers. Blooms from late April to mid-summer. Transplant by dividing the rhizomes in autumn or spring.
Photo of lily of the valley flowers
Brunner (forget-me-not)- a plant with blue flowers and heart-shaped leaves. Shade-tolerant, light-loving, winter-hardy forget-me-not, needs constant moderate moisture. Garden soil, clayey is suitable. Blooms from late April to mid-summer. Two types are grown in the gardens:
- Brunner Caucasian
- Brunner Siberian
Brunner: photo of flowers in the garden
Perennial flowers blooming in summer
V summer period most blooms garden plants... From May to August, they delight their owners. Examples of the most common are described below. They can be divided into two groups: some attract with the beauty of flowers, and others with the decorativeness of the leaves.
- Beautiful flowering summer perennials
Peonies - large beautiful perennial flowers with bright colors. The plant has two life forms: herbaceous and tree-like. For decorative cultivation, the second is mainly used. Bushes about a meter tall, flowers are large, bright from white to burgundy color. Blooms in May - June. For mass flowering next year, you should prune the bush immediately after flowering. Peonies are winter-hardy, light-loving, prefer moderate moisture, do not like stagnant water. Transplant better in autumn- rhizomes. It is worth considering that root system it quickly deepens and can reach more than a meter in depth.
Photo of flowering peony flowers
Photo of peony bushes in landscape design
Lupine- ornamental plants up to a meter tall, with large beautiful inflorescences. Translated from Latin - "wolf": because of the ability to endure adverse conditions. Loves fertile, slightly acidic soil - from this the flowers become larger and more luxuriant. Plant in sunny areas, but can also tolerate partial shade. Winters well. In the summer, you need to water well at the root. Blooms from May to mid-summer. Some varieties are from June to August.
Lupine bloom photo
Yarrow - cultivated wild plant... In nature, it is found mainly with white flowers, rarely pink. Decorative species have a different color of flowers. The most popular are four:
- Yarrow - resistant to adverse conditions, bushes 50-60 cm high. Many varieties with bright colors have been bred: bright yellow, cherry red, bright red, pink.
- Tavolgovy - bright yellow inflorescences are very eye-catching in flower beds. Height up to 1 meter;
- Ptarmika is a bush with a height of up to 70 cm, flowers are cream, double.
Pink millennial flowers
This is a shade-tolerant, light-loving plant. It can easily endure both heat, dryness and cold wintering in the open field. Prefers garden soils. Flowering period: May to August.
Dicenter - a plant with heart-shaped flowers hanging from an arcuate stem. Shrub from 30 to 100 cm high. Blossoms in May - June. He does not like damp soils, otherwise he is not whimsical to the soil. For more lush bloom, organic fertilizer should be applied. Grows in sunny and semi-shady places. Needs constant hydration.
Photo of flowers of perennial dicentra
Photo Dicenters in landscape design
Phlox- very fragrant and bright flowers. These beautiful plants love sunny areas, garden soil mixed with sand and clay, organic fertilizers... They do not like acidic soils, with an acidity of pH less than 6.5, the lower leaves begin to fall off. Can grow in partial shade. The color scheme is very diverse. Flowering period: May to August (depending on the variety). It is best to transplant by dividing the bush, in August - September.
Photo of phlox flowers
Perennial garden phlox
- Violet (viola)- ornamental plants with beautiful multi-colored flowers. Many species differ in flowering periods and colors. Some garden species:
- violet wittrock (pansies);
- nape violet;
- horned violet;
- Altai violet;
- fragrant violet.
Garden violets, flowering photo
These perennial flowers require fertile loamy soil. They love sunny areas, but they can tolerate a little shade. They do not like stagnant water, moderate moisture is suitable. To produce top dressing mineral fertilizers.
Photo of coloring violets
The flowering period depends on the species. Some species bloom in April, some in May, and there are also in June-July. It is better to plant the bushes in the third year, in August. You can sow seeds.
- Astilba- shade-loving bushes with paniculate inflorescences. Ideal for planting under trees, in humus-rich soil. Do not overheat the roots, water regularly. Cover bare rhizomes with a ball of soil. Cover the plant with a covering material for the winter. The plant blooms in June - July.
Photo of flowering astilba
After flowering, cut off the flower stalks. For reproduction, it is easier to use the division of the rhizome. in early spring... It can be grown from seed, by budding, but this is a more laborious method.
- Verbeinik (lysimachia)- tall or creeping grasses with yellow, rarely white flowers. The flowering period is from May to August, depending on the variety. This light-loving plant can tolerate a small temporary shade. Wet, garden soil with periodic feeding is the key to success in growing loosestrife. It reproduces vegetatively, by shoots throughout the spring and summer period.
Loosestrife flowering photo
- Gypsophila - bushy plant with small flowers. He loves calcareous soils, is not whimsical to fertilizers, therefore it is used to create a beautiful background in general compositions of flower beds, alpine slides,. The highest flowering density reaches in the third year of life. Blooms all summer. Watering should be regular. Growing from seeds or planting bushes.
Gypsophila, photo
- Nivyanik (chamomile)- delicate flowers with a strong rhizome. Unpretentious, light-loving, winter-hardy plant. Loves moderate moisture, garden soil. Blooms from June to August. Propagated by planting bushes, seeds. It grows in one place for 5-7 years, but it is better to replant every three years.
Garden chamomile or cornflower
- Pyrethrum- pink chamomile. Shade-tolerant, light-loving plant, loves moderate moisture, constant watering and garden soils. Blooms in July - August. With a lack of lighting, it strongly stretches shoots with flowers. The most common in horticultural cultivation are pyrethrum pink, hybrid and red. Propagate by dividing the bush or cuttings. You can sow seeds in a greenhouse in May and plant young plants in August.
Garden flowers: Pyrethrum
- Delphinium (spur)- a plant with a high stem and beautiful inflorescences. Can reach 150 cm in height. There are also undersized varieties. It should be remembered that this is a poisonous plant. Therefore, it is better to just admire them in the flower beds and not let the children touch them. Loves light areas, drought-resistant, prefers moderate moisture, root watering. The soil should be rich in organic matter, loamy or sandy loam, neutral acidity. You can propagate by sowing seeds or dividing the bush in the spring.
Delphinium, photo of color coloring
- Clematis (clematis)- climbing liana with large flowers. The flowering period is from June to August. Bright flowers from white to dark purple, there are a lot of varieties. For the winter period, you need to additionally cover the roots. Prune dried branches in spring for better flowering. Grows in sunny areas, does not like stagnant moisture, water often, at the root. Can tolerate temporary shading. The soil should be well-drained, loose, fertile. Next to the bush, you need to install a support along which clematis will trail. The distance between adjacent plants should be at least one meter.
Photo of clematis in the country
Plant bushes better in spring... Planting to a depth of 2-5 cm, sprinkle with sand (protection from getting wet). For planting, it is useful to prepare a mixture of sand, peat and humus in a ratio of 1: 1: 3.
- Gentian (gentian) - undersized plant with bell flowers. Blooms in May - June, and summer varieties from June to August. The color of the flowers is mainly blue and blue, but there are varieties with white, pink, yellow bells. Flowers need moisture, a lot of light. The plant will not bloom in the shade. It is better to separate the bushes and plant the gentian after flowering. Can be grown from seed. Suitable for rock gardens, flower beds, for planting along curbs.
Gentian, photo in landscape design
- Lily - bulbous perennial plant with fragrant large flowers. Depending on the location of the flower in relation to the axis of the stem, lilies are divided into groups:
- Flowers directed upwards.
- Flowers directed to the side.
- Downward-facing flowers.
Garden lily flower
The flowering period is from June to August, depending on the variety. The color scheme is very diverse. Plant the bulbs, preferably from late August to early October. You can also plant lilies in the spring by dividing the bush or by bulb children. For planting, a hole is dug, 20-25 cm deep, in a place sheltered from the wind, in partial shade or in bright areas. Good drainage, rotted manure in combination with peat will give excellent results. Regular watering is essential. Cover for the winter.
Iris (iris, cockerels) - rhizome plant with bright flowers. It blooms from May to August, depending on the variety. Prefers garden soils, sunny places. The relationship to moisture is different, depending on the type:
- Moisture-loving, they need constant moisture (iris yellow, Kempfer's iris).
- Normal moisture (Siberian iris and its varieties).
- Lovers of well-drained soil (bearded iris and its varieties).
Iris flower photo
The color of the flowers is a varied color palette of all kinds of shades. By height, they are divided into undersized, medium, tall. Propagated by dividing the bush in July-August.
Plant in bright areas, with partial shade. Loves moderate watering, garden soil, winter-hardy, unpretentious. If the place is not windy, then the garter does not need. Propagated by seed, sowing in the ground or greenhouse, in May. Plant young plants in the main place in August - September.
Climbing rose- a plant with long shoots and lush buds. For abundant flowering from May to August, you need to provide the rose with the appropriate conditions:
- Correct fit: well-ventilated place with no stagnant water and good sunlight. The distance to walls and fences, as well as to other plants, should not be closer than 50 cm.
- Thorough feeding during planting and during flowering. Humus, humus, soil bacteria, phosphorus fertilizers - all this is needed for a riot of rose bloom.
- Timely pruning.
- Pest protection and winter shelter.
Photo of weaving climbing roses
Gladioli- tall, beautiful plants with a large inflorescence of spikes. More than 10,000 varieties of these flowers have been registered. They differ in height, in the shape and size of the flower, in color, in the flowering period, in the length of the inflorescence, etc. Gladioli prefer sunny places, but on hot days and at noon, partial shade is needed. Good drainage, regular watering, loamy or sandy loam soil will ensure good flowering. Depending on the variety, gladioli bloom from June to September. A feature of growing these flowers is the constant digging up of corms for the winter.
Lakonos (phytolacca) - perennial with a large rhizome and a bush height of up to 200 cm. The flowering period falls in July-August, small flowers are collected in cluster inflorescences, the length of which is about 25 cm. Not only flowers, but also the fruits of the plant are decorative. Berry clusters are purple, look beautiful on bushes. But you can't eat them, since all parts of the lakonos (both berries and juice) are poisonous. It is light-loving, but also shade-tolerant plant... Loves moderate moisture, garden soil. It is necessary to plant in areas sheltered from the wind, cut off the stems for the winter and cover with peat or humus. Propagate by dividing rhizomes or seeds, in spring or fall.
Gazania- decorative herbaceous summer flowering plants. In latitudes with a mild, warm climate, it grows like a perennial. In more severe areas, it is dug into pots for the winter, and planted in the spring. For good flowering, gazania should be planted in sunny places, watered moderately, periodically fed with mineral fertilizers. The flowering period is from June to August. Some varieties also bloom in September and before frost. Propagate the plant by sowing seeds in a greenhouse or containers in March. Plant young plants in May.
- Ornamental deciduous plants
Host - shade-loving, large-leaved perennial. Beautiful leaves are the main advantage of the hosta. It grows in the form of a bush, up to 90 cm high.Because of the color of the leaves, the plants are divided:
- Monochrome hosts are leaves with a shade of yellow, blue or green.
- variegated - leaves with patterns of different colors:
- with a white border;
- golden border;
- yellow border;
- cream border;
- colored center and green or gold border;
- tricolor.
- Varieties - chameleons - change color during the season.
Hosta in landscape design
Prefers well-drained loamy, neutral soil. For a beautiful, strong bush, you need to leave it alone for 5 years - do not transplant or divide. In one place it can grow up to 20 years. Propagate by dividing the bush in the spring, but you can also in the summer.
Tenacious- a plant resistant to negative weather conditions. It is unpretentious, takes root well both in light and shaded areas, for which it got its name. Can grow on wet and dry soils. The dense foliage of the tenacious can drown out more delicate varieties of plants, so this must be taken into account when planting flowers.
Tenacious creeping - undersized flowers for a summer residence
Well suited for decorating alpine slides, planting the circumference of trees, curbs, hedges. In addition to decorative leaves, in mass plantings, it pleases the eye with bright colors. Popular types:
- The creeping insect is an evergreen plant, height 7-10 cm. It blooms with blue flowers. Leaves can be colored with a combination of red, green, gray, yellow, white.
- The pyramidal tenacious is an evergreen plant, about 25 cm high. The flowers are purple or pink. The leaves are large, green, brown, gray.
- The tenacious geneva is a perennial plant with blue flowers. Covered with villi, for which it received the second name "furry".
You can propagate by dividing the bush throughout the growing season.
Rejuvenated - low stocky or creeping plant with succulent leaves. Planting should be done in sunny areas. Shading is not suitable for succulents. The soil should be poor, rocky, sandy. Fertile, garden soil, should be diluted with sand, screenings. Rejuvenated has beautiful leaves with a color from green, gray-gray to brown, brown shades. Can be propagated by sowing seeds in spring in containers, or by young bushes during the whole warm period.
Rejuvenated: plant varieties
Kupena- an ornamental deciduous plant of the lily of the valley family. Shade-loving kupena does not feel well in sunny places. Loves moderate moisture, garden soil. Flowers are small, white, inconspicuous. Divided into two groups:
- Kupena with an erect stem. The leaves are lanceolate, small flowers grow from the axils (kupena whorled, kupena pink, kupena narrow-leaved).
- Kupena with an arched stem. The leaves are oval, small flowers hang from the axils of the leaves (fragrant, broad-leaved).
Propagation is best by dividing the rhizomes at the end of August, but you can also sow seeds.
Spurge- both an ornamental deciduous and a flowering plant. This is very various plants, there are more than 2000 species. Among perennial milkweeds, gardeners use the following:
- cypress spurge;
- spurge long-horned;
- euphorbia multicolor;
- spurge scaly;
- fiery spurge.
You can choose the appropriate type for a specific area. For example, in sunny territories, euphorbia multi-color, cypress grows well. For shady places, spurge scaly and long-horned are suitable. But all of these plants require well-drained soil. It should be remembered that the milky juice that comes out of the stems is poisonous. You need to work with gloves. In the fall, you should cut off the spurge. Planting bushes, best of all, in spring, dividing young rhizomes. You can also sow seeds in spring. Capable of self-seeding.
Garden spurge
Ferns - spore plants with large leaves - vayami. They are divided into three main groups:
- Large ferns that grow into thickets. The length of the frond is more than 50 cm (bracken, onoklea, common ostrich, light thyme).
- Large bushy ferns. Leaves more than 50 cm long, are intended for single plantings (kochedzhnik, osmunda, mnogoryadnik, shititnik).
- Small ferns with leaves less than 50 cm long. The most famous are maidenhair, asplenium, woodsia, hymnocarnium, etc.
All ferns grow in the shade and need constant moisture. The soil should be loose, free of manure and compost. Natural soils without any fertilizers are the ideal soil for these plants. Plant in spring and late summer. Better under trees, next to walls and fences, on the north side near the house. Ferns are resistant to diseases and pests.
Garden ferns - shade-loving plants
Fescue- perennial grasses. Forms a bush of long, tough leaves . They look beautiful both in individual plantings and in flower arrangements.
Tall species (30-70cm):
- gray fescue;
- Calle's fescue;
- Myra's fescue;
- glacial fescue
- Siberian fescue;
- Wali fescue.
Low-growing species (15-30cm):
- forest fescue;
- sheep's fescue;
- panicle fescue;
- prickly fescue.
Gray fescue
Ideal for alpine slides, as they like rocky, dry, sandy soil and sunny areas. They do not like stagnant moisture, excessive moisture, fertilizers. Resistant to cold and disease. The disadvantage is the rapid degeneration of the bush. After a few years, the density of the clumps decreases. Propagate the plant by dividing the bush, in the spring. Dry leaves should be removed as they die off.
Falyaris (two-source reed)- ornamental grass, 90 - 120 cm high. Long green leaves with white or cream stripes. Disease and pest resistant. Easily tolerates frost, drought, cutting to a height of 20-40 cm. It can be planted near water bodies, in the shade, although it likes sunny places. The soil should be loose and moist. This plant is an aggressor - it grows quickly and other, weaker plants "survive". For close proximity to such species, you need to fence the falaris bushes with metal plates, digging them in to a depth of 20 cm. Propagate, best of all, by dividing the bush, but you can also use seeds, cuttings.
Rogersia- an exotic plant with an unpretentious character. Decorative large leaves will delight until late autumn in different shades, changing them from green - in summer, to burgundy, red - in autumn. According to the shape of the leaf, they are divided into two groups: with finger-like leaves (horse-chestnut, podophyllous rogers), with feathery leaves (pinnate and elder-leaved rogers). The plant loves partial shade, but with frequent watering, it can grow in sunny areas.
Rogersia
Suitable soil - loam, fertilizer - humus, compost. Watering often is necessary during hot periods, mulching will help to retain moisture. The flowering period falls in the middle of summer. After a month of flowering, the bright panicles need to be cut off and continue to enjoy the beauty of the Rogers. It is better to propagate by dividing the bush in the spring. But it is also possible at the end of summer - by leaf cuttings.
Autumn perennial plants for summer cottages
This group includes the smallest number of plants, since nature is preparing for winter sleep, then there are few peduncles. During this period of time, decorative deciduous plants are pleasing to the eye with a variety of colors, evergreens, as well as those rare flowers that did not have time to bloom in August.
Autumn Gelenium- a herbaceous plant with a bush height of up to 160 cm. It blooms from late July to October. The flowers are large yellow and red, the middle of the inflorescence is dark. The shoots of the gelenium branch strongly, each ends with a flower, so the bush has abundant flowering. The rhizome is poorly developed. The plant prefers sunny areas, but can grow in partial shade. Loose, moist soil is suitable, so good watering is needed on hot days. Propagated in spring from seeds or young shoots. It is better to transplant in 3-4 years.
Boneset Is a perennial blooming from August to October. Plant height from 100 to 150 cm. Inflorescences are pink or purple. It is planted as a single bush or in a composition with other flowers. Loves sunny places, but also tolerates partial shade. It grows well on moist soils rich in fertilizers, peat, constant watering is required. In spring, propagate by dividing the bush or sowing seeds. For the winter period, the ground part of the plant must be cut off.
Boneset
Echinacea purpurea- a medicinal plant with large, beautiful flowers. Flowering period: July to late September. The inflorescence is a basket, has pink or white petals, and the middle is dark brown. Unpretentious in care: watering only in drought, with good soil - does not need fertilization. Loves sunny places, can tolerate partial shade. For reproduction, seeds or separated rhizomes are used. Planting can be done in spring and autumn. Sow seeds in autumn, but their germination is poor. The rhizomes and the ground part are used in medicine for the preparation of immunostimulating tinctures.
Echinacea purpurea
Perennial aster- cold-resistant plant with flowers - stars. There are spring, summer and autumn varieties. The autumn bloom period is from September to November. Small flowers are densely placed on the bush and have a bright, varied color. There are undersized varieties (height 10 - 50 cm), medium-sized (height 50 - 100 cm) and tall (100 - 160 cm). Blooming in the fall, include the following varieties of asters:
Unpretentious flowers prefer sunny areas, moderate moisture and garden soils. They reproduce easily: by dividing the bush in the spring or from seeds. Sowing can be done either in open ground or in containers for planting seedlings.
- flowering time;
- the height of the bush;
- bush shape;
- the form of inflorescences;
- the size of the inflorescences.
Photo of garden chrysanthemum
The flowering period may vary depending on the species. Early species perennials bloom from June to September, later ones from September to December. Color of flowers - all shades of red, yellow, white, purple, as well as their combination. For planting, you need to choose sunny places, without stagnant moisture, with good drainage, fertile soil fertilized with organic matter. It is good to water in the heat and during the period of bud formation. Propagate chrysanthemums, best of all, by dividing the bush in the spring. You can also propagate by layers and cuttings.
Thus, for successful cultivation perennial flowers in your flower bed, you need to know the basic principles of care and reproduction of these plants. Now you can decide for yourself what perennial flowers to plant in the country so that they bloom all summer, and our photo catalog will help you with this. Also, this guide will help you not to harm the flowers, not to be disappointed in floriculture, and also to create a corner of flower joy on your site, with your own hands.
Forest spring primroses. Excursion. April 1st, 2014
A good tale about 12 months, the one where brother April helped a kind girl find snowdrops in a snowy forest. A fairy tale is a lie, but there is a hint in it. They say that Samuil Yakovlevich Marshak "spied" the plot of the tale from the Greeks or from a Czech writer, and there such phenological phenomena are quite possible. Recently, in our Central Russia, either in the fall, the dog rose will suddenly bloom, then the alder. But nevertheless, these are exceptions to the rules that nature has developed for its own good, has adapted to possible short-term temperature surges. Such as yesterday's Moscow blizzard with snow.
It is still cold and there are no pollinating insects at all, but there are heavy gusts of wind, aspen and alder are blooming. They have adapted to the fact that there are no winged helpers. Therefore, in large quantities produce pollen and there is even such a thing as “Alder is dusty”.
On the same days, the willow begins to bloom, and a little later, other willows. It is to them that the first awakened insects fly, but the willow has a protective device against cold weather. Suddenly it starts to blow for a week in April, all the bees will sleep. So good ability Many of our willows to sprout play a major role in their dispersal - an abandoned field in a few years can turn into impassable thickets of willow.
At the same time, one of its main plants, cotton grass, begins to bloom in the swamp. In the harsh conditions of the tundra and swamps, insects also cannot help in pollination.
And again the wind comes to the rescue. Pollination occurs on the entire territory of one swamp at the same time, therefore, all the plants bear fruit together and at once, in the summer the swamp begins to resemble a large cotton field.
In humid places, in swampy meadows, an inconspicuous plant, the spleen, begins to bloom. Tourists walking in the woods in the spring may not even understand that they are walking through flowering plants - it is so inconspicuous to the eye. Perhaps it would be inconspicuous for insects, but they see in the ultraviolet range. And if they don't see it, the “adapted” spleen can pollinate itself and disappear underground in a couple of weeks until next spring. Such plants are called ephemeroids.
But this plant is difficult not to notice, or rather not to smell it. You walk through the April forest, the snow is still crunching, but when it warms up, more often on the edge or clearing, a surprisingly pleasant, delicate and alluring aroma covers the traveler. Here it is - an inconspicuous bush of a wolf's bast.
Its scent attracts overwintered butterflies and bees like the valerian tincture of cats. In the repeatedly cut forests of the middle lane, daphne is usually a thin small bush. And only once I came across to me in the Valdai National Park real giant with a trunk 4 centimeters thick and a huge dense two-meter cap of flowers.
The wolfberry pleases us with the smell, like many early flowering shrubs even before the leaves completely bloom.
In an undisturbed dark spruce forest, which, both in winter and in summer, the noble liverwort will flare up in one color with a rich blue paint. It seems to me that she retains this rich color in the first few days of flowering.
And nearby, under the spruce paws, if you look closely, you can find a completely inconspicuous plant with almost black flowers. This is an evergreen European clefthoof.
The background for the spring forest is the anemone always trembling in the wind - to the north and west of Moscow it is the white oak anemone.
To the south and east, the yellow buttercup anemone dominates.
Sleep-grass has become a real fairy tale of pine forests, old birch groves, sunny edges. Twenty years ago, it was quite common in nature at a short distance from cities. But everything is changing, today this plant is in almost any central regions in the regional Red Data Books. In the Novgorod region, together with the Valdai National Park, we organized a small expedition, and found only a few plants in two places.
Another interesting plant of the spring forest is the Peter's cross.
It does not have green leaves, as well as chlorophyll. The short flowering period will end and the mysterious Peter's Cross will end, as Count Dracula will go underground until next spring or even for several years.
In the meantime, in the aspen forest last year's shoots of the ostrich fern gleam beautifully in the setting sun. Not a primrose, of course - but cute. Some even put it in vases, but these are certainly not villagers, but biologists.
In more southerly or eastern oak forests, the herbaceous cover in spring is not green, but blue. As botanists say, this screech aspects, i.e. creates a specific color background.
Siberian beetle, like all liliaceae, accumulates in a bulb for a whole year nutrients... And then it breaks through dry and rather dense litter broadleaf forests and rushes
up towards the light.
Goose onions do the same in the oak forest.
Once, there was calmness in the riverine strip oak forests on the right bank of the Seversky Donets. Quiet, the foliage is still quiet, because the buds have not blossomed. Shooting this goose bow from a low point, I felt a very quiet rustle all the time. Are the voles rustling? No - these are thousands of woods and goose onions rushing towards the light through the old foliage.
And on the sandy alluvial dune of the left bank of the Oka, the goose onion does not need to overcome the crust of old leaves. So he grew up so loose.
And in a small forest stream, and on floods, on rivers, a marigold rises from the water
The marigold is beautiful at the very beginning of flowering, while the buds look like small yellow-green balls or on the first day of full flowering.
And then huge burdocks of leaves will stick out of the water, the flown petals will float on the water and try, build a picture in complete chaos of yellow color.
So the first mosquito appeared, which means almost summer. There will be other herbs - violet, oxalis, swimsuit, orchis and venus shoes, bells and gentian. But this is already different summer history about flowering plants.
And finally. I think it is not even worth reminding the readers of my blog that primroses are good where they could grow. In a bouquet, they wilted in a few minutes. But even digging up is not worth replanting, only a super experienced person will be able to simulate the natural conditions on the backyard, comply with all the conditions for moisture, shading and nutrition for such fragile creatures. But if you have time, go out into the spring forest with a camera, look for the heroes of my story, at least to find out their names.
Spring really comes into its own and we get a truly spring mood only when the very first spring flowers that are not afraid of frost begin to bloom in the gardens and on the lawns in front of houses.
These delicate and beautiful multi-colored buds bloom earlier than others in spite of the changeable weather and delight the eye of the gardener and the passer-by with their colors. Let's take a look together at a selection of the very first spring flowers - domesticated and wild, which awaken from winter sleep before anyone else.
1. Snowdrop (galanthus)
This flower is familiar to everyone since childhood. Who doesn't remember the tale "12 months"? These unpretentious, touching flowers with white bell flowers are among the first to appear in early spring. Snowdrops bloom for about a month, they tolerate temperature changes well and are not afraid of early spring frosts.
2. What are the names of the blue forest bells - Proleska (scilla)
The snowdrop is sometimes called the blue snowdrop, because of its external resemblance to the latter, and also because it appears as soon as the snow melts. In fact it is different plants... Are these blue or blue flowers spring frosts also do not frighten.
3. What kind of flowers bloom in the snow - Hellebore
The name itself suggests that it blooms in the cold. In the south, hellebore blooms in winter, at the end of February. The hellebore, or, as it is also customary to call it, helleborus, belongs to the buttercup family and, like all buttercups, is also poisonous! The evergreen hellebore is not only frost-hardy, but also drought-resistant, and its flowering in middle lane begins in March, when our flower beds are not yet decorated with the bright colors of the annuals. The flowers of Helleborus are very beautiful, a bit like lanterns - drooping, rather large, reaching 8 cm in diameter.
4. What are the names of early yellow wild flowers - Erantis (spring)
These sunny golden flowers will add mood to a dull spring garden. Erantis also blooms in early spring, in March-April, and is not afraid of frost and snow.
5. Primrose (primrose)
There are many varieties of this plant, only a small part of them are grown in culture. Primroses bloom in early spring profusely and for a long time, in some species, repeated autumn flowering is possible.
6. A flower with colorful leaves as it is called - Medunitsa
The lungwort blooms in April-May. Grows well on light, well-moisturized soils. After flowering, it forms many multi-colored leaves.
7. What are the names of low white flowers - Crocus
Bright low crocus flowers also appear along with the first spring warmth. Crocuses do not bloom for long, only 5-7 days, without transplanting in one place they can grow up to 5 years. There are crocus species that bloom in the fall.
8. What are the names of small blue spring flowers - Periwinkle
The evergreen periwinkle retains its foliage even under snow. As soon as the soil begins to thaw, it forms new shoots, and in April it is covered with delicate blue flowers.
Bright yellow, like little suns, adonis flowers appear in the very first fine spring days. They prefer well-lit areas and light fertile soil.
10. What a yellow spring flower with round glossy leaves - Spring Chistyak
Spring cleaver appears immediately after the snow melts. Its cute yellow flowers bloom completely only in the bright sun, that is, in the middle of the day, and close in cloudy weather and at night.
11. Small blue flowers as they are called - Liverwort
The liverwort is popularly called copse because it does not like open places and grows only in the forest. Its elegant, bright blue lush bouquets are so nice to find in the forest after a long winter.
12. Violet
Fragrant violet - early perennial spring plant... During flowering, the whole district is filled with its aroma. In the south, if a warm, long autumn is issued, the violet can bloom again in October-November. And it happens that its flowering continues throughout the winter.
13. Muscari
Muscari or mouse hyacinth is a perennial bulbous plant. Its tiny bell flowers are collected in racemose inflorescences of blue, blue, purple or white, depending on the type. There are also two-color species of this plant.
The spring white flower blooms in April for 20-30 days. The height of the plant is 20-20 cm. At the ends of its white bell-flowers, green or yellow spots are clearly visible.
15. Chionodoxa
Chionodoxa appears in early spring, it is also called the snow beauty. The leaves of this plant appear at the same time as the buds. Flowers can be single or collected in small inflorescences. Chionodoxa is white, blue, blue or pink.
16. Pushkinia
Pushkinia is a herbaceous bulbous plant 15-20 cm high. The flowers are collected in racemose inflorescences of white or blue color. It blooms in early spring.
17. Corydalis
Unpretentious frost-resistant plant, blooms in early spring. The corydalis reaches a height of up to 20 cm. After flowering, its ground part dies off, after which the plant is not afraid of any mechanical impact, it does not care for it to trample or dig.
18. What does a wild-growing iris look like - Iridodictium (reticulated iris)
These tiny bulbous irises bloom in April and emit a pleasant aroma. They reach a height of 10 cm. They grow well in sunny areas, but they also tolerate a little shading.
19. Kaluzhnitsa
Kaluzhnitsa is very similar to the peel, but these plants still have differences. The foliage remains until October, this is the main difference between them. Prefers well-moistened marshy soils.
20.What are the white spring flowers called - Anemone or anemone
This plant is called anemone because the petals of most species fall off easily in the wind. Depending on the species, anemones can bloom in early spring, summer or fall.
21. Hyacinth
Hyacinth can rightfully be considered a favorite of the spring garden for its spectacular blossoms and stunning heady scent. These plants begin to bloom in April and delight with a rich palette of shades of white, blue, orange, yellow and pink flowers.
22. Hyacintoides
Another early spring plant. Outwardly, this plant resembles a spit, but has larger and elongated flowers. There are white, blue and pink plants. Blooms for a long time, up to three weeks
23. What kind of flowers with long lilac petals - Bulbokodium (brandy)
This is a very beautiful stemless multiflorum, forms 2-4 flowers surrounded by leaves. It blooms for two weeks, spreading a delightful scent around itself.
24. Small bright blue spring flowers as they are called - Brunner (forget-me-not)
Herbaceous perennial up to 40 cm high. This unpretentious frost-resistant plant grows well in shady corners of the garden. Flowers are small, collected in apical inflorescences. Blooms in May.
25. What are wild tulips - Tulip
Wild varieties of tulips, unlike their cultivated counterparts, bloom much earlier, already in April. In total, there are more than 100 species of this plant.
26. Narcissus
It is a perennial plant with a huge variety of varieties and hybrid forms. Blooms from March to June, depending on the species.
27. Orange flowers similar to a bell and lilies as they are called - Grouse
Perennial bulbous plant with large flowers. It blooms in early spring. The hazel grouse got its name for the similarity of the color of flowers with the feathers of the bird of the same name. The most popular are the hazel grouse and the imperial hazel grouse.
Bulbous perennial ephemeroid that blooms simultaneously with groves and snowdrops. White, star-shaped flowers are collected in racemose or corymbose apical inflorescences.
To everyone who dropped by, have a wonderful spring day and a sunny mood!
The first rays of spring, gently caressing the face, and blossoming flowers, pleasing to the eye, rarely leave anyone indifferent. The appearance of these messengers of spring testifies to the fact that a wonderful time has fully come into its own. What flowers bloom in spring and which of them can act as an elegant flower bed decoration?
First spring flowers
Primroses are among the first to fill the garden with colors and delicate aroma after hibernation. They delight with their appearance from the moment when timid streams begin to descend, carrying away the melted snow. Yes, they do not abound in a special richness of colors, but they require a minimum of maintenance.
A snowdrop or bell, as the English affectionately call it, is the first to appear on the thawed patches. Cold-resistant plants can easily tolerate even minor frosts and therefore are among the first to bloom in early spring.
Snowdrop, like other small bulbous, is an ephemeroid. After a short growing season, it aerial part dies off. The plant is not demanding to care for, but prefers a nutritious, loose and well-drained soil. When the water stagnates, the bulbs die.
Helleborus hellebore
The name of the plant speaks for itself. You can enjoy its flowering even at the end of February. The inflorescences of an evergreen perennial are very beautiful. They resemble lanterns with drooping heads, the size of which reaches 8 cm.
When choosing a "Christmas rose" to decorate a flower bed, it should be borne in mind that it belongs to the buttercup family, and therefore all of its relatives are poisonous. It is better to plant it in the partial shade of trees and shrubs, forming in small groups - this is how the hellebore looks most advantageous against the background of a snow-covered garden.
Saffron Crocus
A flower of awakening nature and the goddess of the morning dawn Aurora. Botanical species are the first to delight with flowering, towards the end of March - numerous crocus hybrids.
Crocuses should be planted in well-lit areas where water does not stagnate. They look most impressive in group compositions and in combination with other primroses against a background of gray stones.
Plant care is minimal. In the spring, you only need to remove wilted flowers as necessary, and for the winter to mulch the bulbs remaining in the ground with compost or foliage.
Blue miniature flowers appear as soon as the snow melts. The meadows of flowering forests are very similar to lakes, which are a reflection of the clear spring sky. Forest dwellers found a place for themselves on garden plots... They are often decorated with rockeries and rock gardens.
The varietal species of this primrose are very diverse. The color palette for coloring the petals ranges from white and pale pink to blue and purple.
Pleski are not capricious. The best place for them there will be a canopy of an orchard with fertile and well-drained soil.
Narcissus
It is impossible to imagine a spring garden without these sunny flowers. Dazzling white and bright yellow daffodils will herald the arrival of spring warmth.
The name of the graceful flowers in translation from Greek, sounding like "stun" or "intoxicate" is justified by an incredibly strong attractive scent. Daffodils are popular plants. Today there are over 30 thousand varieties. Among connoisseurs of natural beauty, the most popular are terry, tubular, large-crown and multi-flowered varieties. All of them have beautiful medium-sized flowers with a perianth crown of one or two colors.
Depending on the variety and planting site, daffodils bloom from mid-April to June. They look most impressive as group plantings in the form of green "pillows", from which several flowering arrows are thrown out.
Daffodils are unpretentious, grow on any type of soil, with the exception of waterlogged ones. They always respond to feeding with complex fertilizers with lush and long flowering.
Tip: For primroses to bloom in the spring, they must be planted in the fall. It is better to plant both rhizome and bulbous primroses in well-lit places with moist, but at the same time free from stagnation of soil.
Later species
Primroses are replaced by other spring beauties, showing themselves in all their glory in the second half of March and April.
Snowdrop irises are hardy bulbous perennials. They are revered by gardeners for their unusual beauty. Original form flowers 5-7 cm in diameter are decorated with an interesting ornament of contrasting spots and stripes. The color palette of iridodictums is very diverse, ranging from pale blues and purples to orange and purples.
Snowdrop irises love light, nutritious soils. The main thing is to provide enough light. In order for these beauties to start blooming in the spring, it is better to plant them in early autumn. The best way reproduction - vegetative, in which an adult bulb forms 1-2 full-fledged substitutes.
A herbaceous perennial with a bulbous root forms low "pillows" woven from carved foliage and elegant flowers-suns. He is one of the first to bloom: golden single heads appear directly from under the snow. Vesennik pleases with the splendor of flowering for 2-3 weeks.
To enjoy the flowering of erantis in early spring, it is worth taking care of its rooting in the fall. The plant can be propagated both vegetatively and interchangeably.
Extremely attractive, fast growing and exceptionally unpretentious plant worthy of living in any flower garden. Muscari species, differing in flowering time over a dozen. The earliest of them bloom in April. Blue flowers look spectacular in single group mono-plantings and in combination with colorful tulips and daffodils.
When choosing companions for muscari, it should be borne in mind that after the blue "spikelets" fade away, the foliage also dies off. Therefore, it is better to plant plants in the neighborhood, the leaves of which are capable of hiding withered greenery under them.
Primrose primrose
"Keys", "flower of the twelve gods", "house for gnomes" - as soon as they do not call a flower beloved by many gardeners. The genus of these primroses includes more than 550 species, and only a small part of them are grown in culture. The coloration of modern varieties is very diverse, often including two- and three-color combinations, complemented by ornaments of dots and strokes. Flowers can have the most different shape and the degree of terry.
Primroses are one of the few that bloom from spring to autumn. Different varieties differ in terms of flowering time, some of them bloom from the second half of March to June, others delight with flowering at the height of summer, and some remontant varieties even surprise with repeated splendor in early autumn. With the right selection of components, you can create a mono flower that will remain presentable throughout the season.
The creeping dwarf shrub retains its foliage even under snow. As soon as the ground begins to thaw, warmed by the sun's rays of spring, young shoots immediately appear on the plant. By mid-April, these stems are covered with numerous blue flowers.
In addition to the traditional periwinkle with simple blue petals, several varieties of this plant have been bred in lilac, pink and even red colors. The color of the foliage of the creeping rug can also be different: both monochromatic and variegated with yellow and white patterns.
The semi-shrub prefers semi-shaded and shady areas with well-moisturized soil. An undemanding plant easily propagates by cuttings or dividing the rhizome and quickly grows green mass.
A graceful herbaceous plant conquers with a variety of shapes and colors of buds: simple and double, monochromatic and two-tone, delicate colors and colorful shades ... The name of the anemone, which literally translated from Greek sounds like "daughter of the winds" fully justifies its name. Anemone petals respond with trembling even to the weakest gusts of wind.
Having decided to supplement the spring garden with beauties-anemones, keep in mind that they are of two types: rhizome and tuberous. The former are not demanding to care for and easily respond to the "flaws" of cultivation, the latter are more picky, instantly respond with a loss of attractiveness. All anemones are ephemeroids, and therefore their cycle of aboveground flowering is very short: waking up in April, they bloom together in May and retire closer to July.
The plant, inconspicuous at first glance, owes its name to the unusual execution of inflorescences, which simultaneously combines pink and blue flowers... The lungwort blooms during the period when there is still no foliage on the trees, and pleases with flowering for 4 weeks. The grace of bell-shaped flowers is emphasized by the monochromatic or spotted foliage framing the plant, covered with a delicate edge.
The lungwort is shade-tolerant, frost-resistant and unassuming to care for. Planting a lungwort in a spring garden is beneficial in the sense that even after flowering, it retains a decorative appearance throughout the growing season. That is why it can, until late autumn, act as a worthy background for flowering summer houses.
Pansies
Among the early flowering plants, viola occupies one of the first places in the ranking of flower growers. They are prized for their exquisite beauty and abundant bloom. Variety of shapes, sizes and color combinations these plants are simply incredible: starting with a snow-white and pale blue shade and ending with red, purple and even black undertones.
Pansies are created through selection based on the common tricolor violet. Only in contrast to their "progenitor" they have larger and more expressive flowers, the size of which varies within 10-30 cm. Today there are more than 450 varieties of this plant. The main advantage of the created hybrids is the ability to bloom profusely not only in spring, but also throughout the summer.
A perennial undersized plant belonging to the lily family, the name of which, when literally translated from Greek, sounds like "snow pride". Indeed, this sky-blue beauty blooms right out of the snow.
Compact bushes with a height of only 10-12 cm are decorated with spreading broad-lanceolate leaves and single star-shaped flowers collected in cluster inflorescences. The tiny cups in blue, white or pink always point upwards.
Chionodoxa grows well in sunny areas, but also tolerates light shading. It is most decorative on fertile, air-permeable soil with neutral Ph.
The selection is completed by another early flowering representative of the lily family, belonging to the hyacinth subfamily. Its main decoration is tiny bell-shaped flowers of a pale blue or white hue, collected in racemose inflorescences.
In the garden, Pushkinia is planted in rocky compositions, mixborders and borders along the paths. The spring beauty is very picturesque on spring lawns and tree trunks with spreading crowns. With a little effort to care for this picky plant, you can get a lot of pleasure in admiring its long and lush flowering.
Any of the presented plants is interesting in its own way. The main thing, remember - in order to ensure a continuous riot of colors in the flower bed, it is better to plant spring primroses in the company with perennials, which will replace them after extinction.