A representative of one of the many species of conifers of the Pine family, a well-known spruce, owes its name to the ancient Romans. This is exactly what the translation of the word "resin" sounds like. In the green kingdom, spruce occupies one of the first places and belongs to the genus, in which there are almost 50 plant species distributed throughout the world: from Northern Europe and Central Asia to North America. What is spruce, what kind of tree is it? How long has she lived on Earth and what forms does she take? Let's try to find answers to these questions.
Spruce description
Tall, straight-stemmed, evergreen slender trees with a dense cone-shaped crown, narrower in young age, spruce covered with branches to the very base. Their trunk is difficult to see - it is hidden by the widest spruce "paws". Young trees have smooth bark gray with a brownish tinge, on old spruce trunks it is thinner, in places it is husked. The needles are needle-like and can stay on the branches for up to 7-9 years, although with the deterioration of the ecology, these periods decrease, and in an urban environment the duration of preservation of needles does not exceed 3 years. The needles are single, tetrahedral or flattened, spirally located on the branches. Hanging cones, elongated, cylindrical. Ripening in autumn, they open when seeds are scattered. Seed scales of cones with a wide base cover small seeds, equipped with wings, cupped around them.
Characteristic features of the plant
The description of the spruce is unambiguous: it is one of the fairly unpretentious plants on Earth. It is undemanding to soil fertility, it takes root well on very poor soils. She is not afraid of shady slopes and slight waterlogging of soil cover areas. She is incredibly hardy, and she is not afraid of the harsh continental climate. But most species do not withstand gas pollution and smoke, nevertheless, the tree is used in urban landscaping and is used both in single and in group plantings for park alleys and snow protection belts. Dwarf or undersized decorative forms great for decorating the landscape of small personal plots, slides and rock gardens.
European spruce, or ordinary
The name of this tree speaks for itself and accurately indicates its habitat. European spruce grows in It is the basis that forms the taiga. In the north of Siberia and European Russia, the massifs of common spruce are gradually being replaced by Siberian spruce. What is this tree? There is no clear distinction between these species. In the choice of growing conditions, spruce differs significantly from larch and pine, but there are no sharp intraspecific differences. They are so shade-loving that it is rather difficult to grow in open treeless areas, since even at the stage of shoots that have started to grow, they are damaged by recurrent spring frosts or receive sunburn... In addition, they suffer greatly from grass fires provoked by seasonal arson.
Periods and features of tree growth
For the first 10 years, the spruce tree grows slowly. Then the growth rate sharply increases, and after 100-120 years, it stops again. Uneven, spasmodic growth is characteristic of the European spruce. It has long been known that this is a recognized long-liver. If conditions permit, it can easily live up to 250-300 years. Better soils for her are loam and sandstone. On them it forms a deep root system holding it firmly to the surface. But the spruce is a lover of enough damp places. On excessively moistened soils, the tree forms a small superficial root system and, with strong gusts of wind, it may not resist and collapse to the ground. Spruce tolerates even slight waterlogging, if it has a flowing character. It should be noted that spruce is significantly less than pine, which explains its instability in the wind. A peculiarity of the tree is that its lower branches do not die off and remain dry, therefore it is rather dark and damp in the spruce forests.
Spruce growing conditions
Spruce can be grown in most regions of the European part of Russia, in Siberia and in the south of the Far East. But this is a very delicate wood species.
It is better to plant it under the canopy of more stable representatives of the flora - oak, birch or pine. This is especially important for sufficiently dry and poor soils, on which spruce grows hard, since well-moistened soils are preferable for it. Spruce is much more demanding on growing conditions than pine, which can thrive on dry sandy soils. That is why spruce and pine rarely grow side by side - too different conditions they need it.
Reproduction
Spruce is easy to grow from seeds, which are very simple to collect: just cut a few in the fall and hold them at home until they are completely dry. You don't need to peel them. When dry, the buds will open up on their own and give up seeds, which usually have excellent germination. They should be treated with a weak solution of potassium permanganate, and then placed in pots with calcined river sand, deepening by 1-1.5 cm. The containers are placed on the upper shelf of the refrigerator for stratification. This procedure is necessary, since in natural nature, all ephedra seeds are exposed to the cold. Stratification stimulates the germination of seedlings. Seeds untreated by the cold can lie in the ground for several years, but never emerge. Containers should be kept in the cold for 3 months. After this time, the containers with the planted seeds are placed in a bright and warm place.
Landing dates
The ideal sowing time is the end of October - November. If you plant seeds during this period, then you should take the container out of the refrigerator in February-March. This is the most favorable time for germination, since spring comes, daylight hours increase, and all plants start growing.
Watering and care
The germination period of seedlings requires particularly generous watering, as it is necessary to act in accordance with natural conditions... Indeed, in spring, during snow melting, the soil is especially moist. Heat and humidity are the main conditions for the revitalization of coniferous seedlings. After a couple of weeks, a baby spruce should rise. That this is a real ephedra, you can see right away: the needles appear first. Now you need to be careful and maintain a balance, that is, water the sprouts as much as necessary, avoiding both under-watering and excessive moisture. Once every two weeks, young Christmas trees need to be fed and the top soil layer loosened.
When it gets warmer in the open air and return frosts recede, small seedlings can be planted in the ground. Before planting, add compost or humus mixed with earth to the hole, and a little complex mineral fertilizers... The Christmas trees are no longer fed. Having placed the seedlings in the hole, the roots are carefully covered with soil, tamped, spilled well with water and create a small
greenhouse made of covering material, film or glass jar.
This is necessary for faster acclimatization of seedlings.
Seedlings in greenhouses should be ventilated every day. They need to be opened, condensation removed and soil moisture checked. After 7-10 days, the shelter can be removed, and the soil around the trees can be mulched to maintain soil moisture. As a rule, in nurseries, spruce seedlings are grown in containers for 3-4 years. Since the tree grows very slowly, such a period is considered optimal for a successful further development ephedra called this age are more adapted to temperature extremes, they are no longer afraid of frost and sunburn. They are also planted with one top dressing and good watering.
Spruce varieties and their uses
Like many conifers, spruce is quite decorative. She has always been an adornment of the Russian estate, gardens and parks. Today, thanks to the great breeding work, bred many types of spruce used in the garden landscape design... A herringbone, personally grown from seeds, will not only decorate the site, but can also become the ancestor of family traditions. This method of growing fir trees from seeds is suitable for all tall species. In addition, such cultivation is a guarantee of excellent adaptation of the seedling to climatic conditions terrain. From existing species Special attention landscape designers are attracted by a dwarf spruce. Low-growing varieties usually do not exceed a meter in height, have a wide, dense crown.
They are great for decorating garden compositions, stone and alpine slides... One of the most spectacular and demanded representatives of such species is the Nidiformis spruce.
Dwarf forms: description
Nidiformis - grade with round shape crown and central recess. The height of the tree barely reaches 1 m, and the crown reaches 3 m in diameter. The flattened crown is formed in the form of a nest, since the main branches of the tree are absent, and numerous shoots grow fan-shaped. The short dark green needles are magnificent, very dense and evenly covering the branches. The tree grows very slowly, adding no more than 3-4 cm in height and 5-7 cm in width per year. The herringbone is undemanding to the soil, grows well on moderately fertile sandy loam of any acidity level, but it can die if groundwater is constantly near the root system. This spruce, like all the undersized conifers, the photos of which are presented, are very decorative. And its slow growth allows you to preserve the once created landscape for many years. Nidiformis are frost-resistant, but it is better to cover young plants with the threat of recurrent spring frosts.
Evergreen dwarf conifers: reproduction
Low-growing forms are not pure species and reproduce exclusively in a vegetative way - by cuttings and layering, but not by seeds.
The fact is that such plants appear as a result of mutation. different types conifers, and from their seeds, as a rule, grow ordinary tall, rather than dwarf conifers. Photos of decorative undersized species can be found in special literature. If you can't grow such an ephedra on your own, there is only one way left - to the store. usually sold in containers. The basic rule when buying this rather expensive purchase is a firm conviction that the root system of the seedling is strong, well developed, not damaged either mechanically or by pests. And before going to the store, you should familiarize yourself with the information about the shape of the crown, the features, the size of the plant and its care.
Many coniferous species retain their good shape for many years, regardless of the variety. Low-growing species may initially have a spherical crown, and form a cone over time. Nevertheless, spruce and pine are so common trees that it is impossible to imagine Russia without these majestic conifers.
Botanical name: spruce European or ordinary.
Homeland: Europe.
Lighting: moderate.
The soil: moist, nutritious.
Watering: moderate.
Maximum height: 50 m.
Average life expectancy: 250-300 years old.
Landing: seeds and layering.
European spruce (ordinary) - the most widespread in Europe conifer tree... Its range is so vast that it does not affect only the North German Plain and British islands... At favorable conditions a tree can live up to 400 years.
European spruce: description of the species
The height of the tree is 50 m with a trunk width of 1 m. It is a slender tree with a dense, pyramidal crown. Branches - horizontal or drooping, dropping low along the trunk. The twigs gather in whorls. In the presence of sufficient lighting, the lower tier of the branches remains for a very long time. The bark in youth is smooth, brown in color.
By old age, it becomes scaly-rough, gray or Brown... Shoots are yellow or brown. May be naked or covered with red hairs. The buds are light brown. The needles are rather tough, green in color.
The shape of the needles is flattened-tetrahedral, the length is 1-3 cm. The needles stay on the tree for about 7 years. Mature cones of European spruce have an oblong-cylindrical shape. Their length is 10-15 cm, width - 3-4 cm. Cones ripen in October, but the seeds, as a rule, fall in January-April. The length of the seeds is 3-5 mm. The seed has a yellowish wing, which is easily separated from it. The tree blooms at the age of 25-30 years.
Spruce wood is yellowish-white in color with a slight pinkish tinge. It is characterized as soft, light, shiny. The root system is horizontal, shallow, due to which the tree freely turns out of the ground even in strong winds.
Of all the species, Norway spruce (European) is the fastest growing. At a young age (up to 10 years), the increase is small, but rapidly increases with age. The annual growth is 50 cm. From 100-110 years old it begins to decline and by the age of 250 the plant begins to dry out. In some cases, it can live up to 500 years.
To date, several decorative varieties of this type have been bred: weeping, compact, pin-shaped. All of these varieties are often used in landscaping and landscaping. The common spruce is often found in hedges from roads and railways.
Growing spruce
Loamy, loamy, fertile, slightly moist soils are preferred. It tolerates short-term flooding, but does not tolerate long stagnant water. Resistant to shading, but needs sufficient lighting to re-establish. Frost resistance is due to thin scales that protect the buds from frost. It perfectly tolerates a haircut, but suffers from polluted air, although it itself has phytoncidal, ionizing properties. Because of surface system the location of the roots the tree is afraid of windblows.
Very often, seedlings can develop on a fallen trunk or a crumbling tree stump. This is explained by the fact that the plant tends to assimilate nitrogen compounds. Mycorrhiza (a symbiosis of spruce roots and edible cap mushrooms) helps spruce to extract nutrients from the soil. It is mycorrhiza that explains the presence of a large number of porcini mushrooms in spruce forests.
Reproduction takes place by seeds or layering. Moreover, the lower branches of the tree root directly on the soil, which is rare for conifers. But it is better to propagate by cuttings and grafting, since during seed reproduction there is a loss of characteristic decorative qualities.
European spruce care
New plants are unstable to dryness of air and soil. Therefore, on hot days, they require daily watering at the rate of 10-12 liters per plant. Sprinkling the crown is also desirable. After each watering, it is necessary to loosen the soil in trunk circle, weeding and peat mulching.
If the spruce grows as a hedge, then it requires special shaping. By cropping, you can achieve the effect of an impenetrable green wall. In other cases, in autumn and spring, diseased, dry, broken branches are removed from trees. And the main formation of a beautiful correct crown occurs naturally. However, with the simultaneous growth of 2 tops, one must be removed, cutting it out at the base.
From childhood to Christmas and New Year people are used to smelling spruce branches. Mixing with the scent of tangerines, this aromatic pine scent was a harbinger of miracles, gifts, new experiences and the New Year.
For many centuries, the Spruce has personified a symbol of a new cycle. In ancient times, remaining evergreen, Spruce was an allegory of eternal youth and immortality, longevity and fidelity.
For the same reasons, Spruce "spruce branches" were and remains in many villages a sign of a bygone life. During the funeral procession, spruce branches are thrown underfoot, saying goodbye to the departed. Their age is over, but passed into eternity.
In Scandinavia, Spruce was used for ceremonial fires. Resinous firewood gave the fire a unique strength.
Spruce names
The word "Spruce" comes from the ancient Slavic word "jedlъ", which means "prickly".
The first mention of this tree in Russian writings appeared in the 11th century. Single-root words are found in all languages of the Slavic group.
The Latin name for Spruce is Picea, which means "resinous".
Where does the Spruce grow?
Spruce forests are found throughout Russia. These are mainly dense, dense thickets with a small amount of undergrowth.
Despite the fact that Spruce develops best on open place, there are her shade-tolerant brothers.
The most common type of tree is the Common Spruce. It is found in the European part of Russia, Finland and northern Europe. Spruce groves are found in Siberia and the Urals.
The brothers of the Common Spruce can be found in the Caucasus and in Far east, on the Kuril Islands and on Sakhalin. Even in North America and China, some species of this thorny fragrant tree grow.
What does a spruce look like?
Spruce is a tall, stately tree with a straight, strong trunk and a dense crown. The branches are arranged in the form of a pyramid and have spiky needles. Spruce bark is dense and covered with scales.
Spruce can be up to 30 meters high, while the trunk volume of many species exceeds 1.5 meters.
The average lifespan of a tree is 250 - 300 years. There are long-livers 600 years of age.
After 10 - 15 years of life, the tree changes its root system, getting rid of the main root. That is why in the forest you can find these giants blown down by the wind with upturned roots.
When does Spruce bloom?
Female flowers form small cones, which, after pollination, turn into the very spruce decorations.
Male flowers form elongated catkins that scatter pollen in May.
In October, seeds ripen in cones and become prey for forest rodents. Fluffy proteins strive to prepare seeds for the winter.
The healing properties of Spruce
V medicinal purposes use spruce cones, needles and resin.
Daily use of 3-4 spruce needles for a month can restore immunity and increase resistance to a number of viral diseases.
Several branches of spruce branches placed in a vase in a room can kill harmful bacteria indoors, leaving a pleasant scent in the air.
Spruce cones are rich in tannins and essential oils... They also contain copper, manganese, aluminum, and iron.
Essential oils are used in the fight against acute respiratory infections and diseases of the upper respiratory tract.
Ate kidney syrup is prescribed for microinfarctions.
A decoction of pine needles is used for inhalation to treat tonsillitis and sinusitis.
The resin or sap of Spruce has antiseptic properties and can be used in ointments to heal wounds and ulcers.
Spruce Applications
Spruce wood- the most common material for construction and fuel. Wood is also used to make paper.
Spruce wood very soft and straight grained. Despite its widespread use in construction, untreated wood is short-lived and quickly decays. That is why spruce wood is treated with antiseptics and mordants.
At the same time, Spruce wood is part of many modern materials, such as fiberboard, chipboard, glued beams and others.
The musical properties of spruce wood have been noticed for a long time, so decks, bodies and other details are made from this fragrant tree. musical instruments.
Contraindications
In spite of great amount useful properties, preparations from Spruce have contraindications. Inhalation from spruce needles is contraindicated for patients with asthma.
If you have an individual intolerance to the substances contained in spruce cones and needles, you must be careful when using Eli for medicinal purposes.
Too frequent consumption of decoctions and drinks from the Eating can be dangerous for the kidneys.
In ancient times on new year holidays The spruce was hung with its roots up, and not installed in the corner, as in modern times.
In Scandinavia, spruce branches cover the paths followed by the corteges of rulers.
Blue Spruce has become widespread in cities not only because of the beauty of the needles, but also because of its resistance to gas-polluted air.
Young shoots can grow from the dead root of the Spruce, which later become real trees. Thus, the tree clones itself.
A similar tree grows in Sweden, the age of which is close to 10 thousand years.
Spruce cones are often depicted on flags different countries... This fruit symbolizes high purpose and the top.
Description
Norway spruce (Picea abies)- tree 30 - 35 m high, crown diameter 6 - 8 m. Under favorable conditions it can grow up to 50 m. Needles are needle-shaped, tetrahedral, 1-2 cm long, dark green. Annual growth is 50 cm in height, 15 cm in spread. Up to 10-15 years old it grows slowly, then quickly. Have ate ordinary the crown is conical, with spaced or drooping branches that rise at the end, remains sharp until the end of life. The bark is reddish brown or gray, smooth or fissured. varying degrees and the nature of fracturing, relatively thin. Shoots are light brown or rusty yellow, glabrous. Sensitive to air pollution and dryness. Shades well. Durability 250 - 300 years.
| The size: | height 15-20 m, diameter 6-8 m. |
| Root system: | superficial, widely spread, highly branched; deep on drained soil. |
| Growth rate: | low until 10-15 years, then accelerates to 70 cm per year, after 100-120 years, growth slows down again. |
| Light: | sun, partial shade, shadow. |
| Soils: | moderately moist loams, light soils with a slightly alkaline reaction of the environment (see). |
| Watering: | during dry periods, watering is required. |
| Winter hardiness: | USDA zone 3 (see). |
| Fruit: | cones 10-15 cm long and 3-4 cm thick, light green, brownish brown when mature. |
Planting and caring for spruce ordinary
Do not allow soil compaction and moisture stagnation. The landing site should be away from groundwater... It is imperative to make a drainage layer, in the form of sand or broken brick 15-20 cm thick. If spruce trees are planted in groups, then the distance for tall spruce trees should be from 2 to 3 m. The depth of the planting pit is 50-70 cm.
It is important that the root collar is at ground level. You can prepare a special soil mixture: leaf and turf soil, peat, and sand in a ratio of 2: 2: 1: 1. Immediately after planting, the tree must be watered abundantly with 40-50 liters of water. It is advisable to add fertilizer (100-150 g of nitroammofoska, root 10 g per 10 l, etc.).
Ate does not like dry hot weather, so in the hot season they need to be watered once a week, about 10-12 liters per tree. Shallow loosening (5cm). For the winter, sprinkle peat around the trunk with a thickness of 5-6 cm, after winter, the peat is simply mixed with the ground, not removed. Ate can also be planted in winter.
Fertilizer for conifers can be applied about 2 times a season.
Usually spruce does not need pruning, but if they form hedge pruning is allowed. As a rule, diseased and dry branches are removed. It is best to carry out pruning in late May - early June, when the period of active sap flow ends.
To protect decorative forms of spruce from autumn and winter frosts, they can be covered with spruce branches. (cm. , ).
Spruce - universal decoration any site. In winter and summer, it remains beautiful, enlivens the landscape and gives it respectability. The most important thing is to choose the right spruce for the site, the types and varieties of which are numbered in several dozen.
In natural nature, spruces are tall evergreen trees with a narrow conical crown and an even trunk. Thanks to selection, new varieties have been bred, and spruces are of great interest due to the variety of needles flowers and unusual shapes.
Did you know? Many have noticed that it is easier to breathe in a coniferous forest. This is because ate contains phytoncides, which have a beneficial effect on the cardiovascular system and respiratory system.
Norway spruce (European)
Spruce (in common people - a tree) belongs to the pine family, the genus of spruce has more than a dozen species and varieties that differ in the arrangement of branches, size, crown shape and color.
Plantings different types this beauty occupy the bulk of the forests in European territory. In urban conditions, such spruce practically does not grow, since a large number of gases in the air adversely affect growth and is practically destructive for them.
V natural conditions Norway spruce (Picea abies) is very easy to change, due to which a huge number of varieties have been developed. The most common varieties are:
- ... Has the shape of an irregular cone or bush. The size and shape depend on the conditions in which the Akrokona grows. When favorable, it can grow up to three meters in height and four in width. However, the usual size for a ten year old spruce is 1.5 meters. Young needles of light green color darkens with age. Young bright red buds, which grow profusely at the ends of the shoots, turn bright burgundy in spring. Thanks to this decoration, Akrokona belongs to decorative types, fits perfectly into group plantings and looks good alone. A winter-hardy species that feels great in the shade. Dry salty soil and stagnant water in the ground are not suitable.
- ... Has a dense crown formed by strong branches growing vertically. The needles are deep green, the buds are large. Small spruce trees are spherical, elongate over time and become oval. When growing on site, it is recommended to occasionally carry out a shaping haircut in order to obtain the desired shape. Fits perfectly into compositions.
- Will "s Zwerg... Narrow-conical dwarf variety with a dense crown. The height of an adult tree is 2 meters, diameter is 1 meter. The needles are light green with a yellowish tinge.
- ... These spruces are traditionally grown with a "weeping" crown, for which the trunk is attached to a support at the beginning of growth. It grows up to 6-7 meters in height with a needles diameter of 2 meters. If you do not take care of Inversa, it will not grow higher than 50 cm and will creep along the ground, growing by 25-40 cm per year. Due to its unusual shape, it can become original decoration.
- ... If you are thinking about which spruce to choose, pay attention to Maxwelli. This is a dwarf species maximum height which is 2 meters. The crown is spherical or cushion-shaped with yellowish-green needles. The crown width of an adult tree is 2 meters. It perfectly tolerates shade and harsh winter.
- . Dwarf spruce, the height of which in adult form does not exceed one meter with a crown diameter of two meters. The shape of the crown is nested. Does not like waterlogging, resistant to frost. Young trees need to be covered.
- ... A slow-growing spruce that grows up to 6 meters in height and 3 meters in diameter. The crown is dense, spherical or broadly conical. Young bright red buds turn reddish-brown towards the end of ripening. Poorly tolerates both dry soil and stagnant moisture. Feels good on acidic and alkaline soils. It tolerates shade and frost perfectly. Before choosing this spruce for a summer residence, you need to take into account that it can shade the area over time.
- . Dwarf variety growing up to 1-1.5 meters. The diameter of the wide-conical crown is 1.5 meters. Feels great in the sun, in partial shade, not demanding on the soil. Crohn needs almost no additional care and pruning.
- ... It has an elongated shape and grows in a horizontal plane, due to which it forms a natural dense coating. In order for this spruce to grow vertically, during its growth, it is necessary to form a trunk and tie it to a support. Thus, you can get a "weeping" spruce with thick fluffy needles. Formanki can be used as indoor spruce. Ideally decorate a plot with open terrace.
- ... Differs in a spherical crown of a dense structure with small bluish-green needles. It grows for a long time, so it does not need frequent pruning. Small dimensions allow the use of such a spruce on small areas in group or single landings.
All these species of Norway spruce are quite unpretentious and grow in almost any climatic conditions.
Important! Young ate trees in hot summers need weekly watering (12 liters under a tree) and loosening the soil.
Another name for this beauty - Caucasian spruce (Picea orientalis)... In nature, it grows up to 50-65 meters in height, while having a crown with a diameter of 22 meters. The shape of the crown is pyramidal, with hanging branches of a beautiful brown shade. 
Young fir trees are light brown (sometimes reddish), slightly pubescent, shiny. At the top of the young, droplets of resin stand out. The needles are slightly flattened and bent upwards, due to which they are thornless. The needles are tough, dense, golden at first and dark green at maturity. A distinctive feature - the needles seem to be varnished.
Ripe buds can range in color from reddish to purple-purple. They grow at the ends of the shoots in the upper part of the crown.
Important! The growth of Eastern spruce does not tolerate direct sunlight at all. This species can grow on shallow soils, but is sensitive to dry winds and drought.
In landscape design, it is used in group plantings, but looks more impressive alone.
Colorado spruce (blue)
The Latin name for this species is Picea pungens. Frost-, wind- and drought-resistant. It tolerates gas pollution better than other species and differs long duration life (almost half a century).
The prickly spruce belongs to the pine family, the genus of spruce has more than a dozen varieties, the appearance of which is always admirable. It is a slender, large (up to 40 m high and 3 m wide) tree, which is considered to be its homeland in North America. The cones of this species are light brown, ripen in September and decorate the tree until spring.
Decorative forms of needles can have yellow, blue and gray shades - it all depends on the thickness of the wax coating. With the onset of winter, the plaque disappears, and the needles turn dark green.
Blue spruce is rich in luxurious decorative varieties... Good for growing and design:
All these varieties of decorative spruce fit perfectly into the design of the site and do not require special care. Spruce black
This coniferous tree grows up to 20-30 meters in height, has a narrow conical crown. The branches of mature trees slope to the ground.
Young shoots are red-brown with a dense glandular, reddish edge. The needles are four-sided, prickly. When mature, cones are ovoid (sometimes spherical) in shape. The color is purple brown.
It is frost-resistant, tolerates shade well, unpretentious to the quality of the soil. In dry periods, it needs additional watering.
Did you know? V wildlife black spruce grows in North America. In Europe it has been cultivated since 1700, and in Russia it has been cultivated since the middle of the 19th century.
This type of Christmas tree grows slowly even in favorable conditions, which allows it to be used in small areas.
If you want to choose a spruce for a plot, pay attention to the following varieties and types:
Designers recommend the following varieties of black spruce for the garden: 
Did you know? The Latin name for spruce Picea originated from the ancient Roman Pix, which means "resin". These forest evergreen beauties have been known for more than one millennium and are long-livers - they can live up to 300 years.
Serbian spruce (Balkan)
No matter how many species of spruce exist in nature, the most slender is considered Serbian spruce... It is rare in the wild and is mostly grown artificially. Distinctive feature this species is a low pubescent narrow cone-shaped crown. Traditionally used in New Year's celebrations.