Turkish or bearded carnation is a beautiful flower with a saturated, pleasant aroma. The Greek word Dianthus, from which he received its name of the genus, means "divine flower". It has about 300 species of herbaceous annual and perennial plants And, moreover, an infinite many varieties and hybrids of valuable decorative colors common in both the bright beauty of fragrant inflorescences and the ease of breeding.
Since the ancient times, the carnation has been associated with a victory in bloody battles. In America, it is considered a symbol of maternal love. According to the Christian legend during the execution of Jesus Christ, where the tears of the Virgin Mary fell, these extraordinary flowers appeared.
Turkish carnation and is now extremely appreciated among gardeners for magnificent, long, abundant flowering, a variety of paint palette, unassumaturacy, slim charming smell.
Description of Turkish carnations
The Turkish carnation (Dianthus barbatus) is a multi-year plant, but is used as a two-seat due to the fact that many copies on the third year of growth disappear. Another name of this carnation is a bearded - each flower has a bustal leaflets. The British call her sweet William, they use flowers in food. Grown in the foothills of the south of Europe and Asia, the Turkish carnation was evilored by a person many centuries ago and spread in many countries as garden flower. An herbal plant consists of a noded stem, hay-green linear leaves and sets of colors collected by shovel inflorescences.
In the first year of life, the rosette of the leaves is formed, the second plant blooms and forms seeds. The flower consists of 5 petals and a long noggle. On the petals there is a horizontal plate of white, pink or lavender shade. On one plant can simultaneously dissolve several inflorescences with 30 flowers in each - the flower itself looks like a fluffy bouquet. Carnation is an oblong box with one socket with black seeds.
Cultural and garden forms are superior to their wild orientation and manifold. Diverse color scheme and various shape Flowers - terry and simple - amazing imagination. There are one-picture flowers, motley, two-color, with border, with strokes causing an association with Turkish ornaments. Coloring varies from white to raspberry and dark cherry, every year new varieties appear with new colors.
There are tall varieties up to 90 cm and low-speed - below 35 cm.
Conditions of growing garden perennial carnations
- Turkish carnation is planted in a slightly fertilized soil or in a soil consisting of a mixture of humus, heavy leaves and small sandtaken equally.
- The best results can be obtained if plants in the open sunny Place, regularly water without overgoing.
- Carnation is well tolerates a short-term lack of moisture.
- In the period from April to June once a week, add liquid comprehensive fertilizer to water for watering - the Turkish carnation is very responsive for feeding.
The blurred flowers are cut to cause a repeated blossom wave.
Landing cloves Turkish in open ground seeds
When to plant clove seeds of Turkish? These are completely unpretentious flowers, not afraid of low temperatures. Therefore, you can safely sow beauty directly into the ground when you first exit "in the field": when the earth matures, from late April.
- Prepare shallow grooves, because the seeds are very small and should not be too shuffled. Enough and 1 cm.
- Leave the distance between adjacent rows sufficiently, do not spare the place: you need at least 15-20 cm so that the bushes do not score each other.
- 15 cm between plants are also left in the row, just breaking the extra seedlings. You can leave 5-7 cm between seedlings and when they reach 8-10 cm, it is simply transplanting unnecessary instances to another place.
The seeds take a long time, so do not worry: the friendly shoots will appear, after which, do not forget to break through, so that there is no strong thickeship. Turkish cloves without any problems are divorced by seeds even with the onset of summer, bushes quite have time to take up to turn it well and please the next year with bright flowering.
When sowing in early June On the seeds, as close as possible, lay down on the furrows spilled water, the earth is slightly poured. After the appearance of sections, the care lies in timely irrigation and weeding from weeds. At the end of the summer, well-developed outlets are formed.
They can be transferred to another place with a distance of 15-25 cm from each other. If you intend to leave the seedlings where they grew up, then it should be mixed up to the required interval, transplanting unnecessary to another place.
If young plants have released a bluer, then it is better to remove themSo that the bushes are well rooted and did not go under the winter weakened. Next year, with the onset of summer, the Turkish carnation will delight you with lush and abundant blossom.
There is another option in sowing Turkish cloves - dry seeds under winter. Seeds are sown before the onset of stable cold weather directly on the bed without watering. Shoots will appear with the onset of spring - these plants will bloom a little later.
Sowing secure ground, in the guy
- Choose a well-lit place for seed germination, maintaining the temperature there is not lower than 13 degrees.
- To accelerate growth, cover the garden with glass or film.
- Sprouts appear together, about 2-3 weeks after sowing.
- When seedlings are growing, do not forget them to break or sear on another bed.
- Before transferring seedlings to the garden, adopt them nitrogen fertilizer - It is used as an anti-stress drug.
- Carnation can be planted on a flowerbed at a distance of 25 cm from each other when warm weather comes.
If we grow seedlings and thus extend the apeget period, the flowers can not be cut and rejected flowering this year.
Turkish carnation from seeds at home Sowing on seedlings
Bearded carnation sow on seedlings with the onset of February In a special soil.
- Seeds are small, but it is quite possible to spend a little more time and put on the seed into a separate cup. So you get rid of yourself from the dive procedure.
- Divide not much, 0.5-1 cm.
- Watering is needed moderate, necessarily drainage in the container to prevent water stagnation.
- Seedlings put on a sunny window sill, where care for it comes down to watering every two or three days.
- Shortly before the landing, the seedlings are ordered by placing it on the street in place without strong drafts - first for an hour or two, gradually increasing time to full day.
- Seedlings can already from late April, but only when the threat of night frosts passes.
How to pick up Turkish carnations, tells the video:
If you sowed seeds into a common container pretty thick, you should make a pickup. Plants are transplanted into separate containers, while you need to try the roots as little as possible.
Reproduction with chains
Having liked the variety can be multiplied with the tanks:
- To do this, take the stem, pressed it to the ground, the pinch by the V-shaped wire in the top.
- Coloros should be removed.
- The stem is sprinkled with wet soil.
- In a month, there will be a rooting, we can join the permanent place.
- Such reproduction completely copies the maternal grade.
Reproduction of cuttings
They are cut from the stem, taken from the plants of the second year of life, plant in a loose wet soil, creating a light shadow. After about 3 weeks, the seedlings will begin to grow - this can be determined by the emergence of new leaves. In August they are transplanted. They bloom the next year. If you spend this operation in a greenhouse or a greenhouse, then the cuttings are rooted much faster. This method is used if you want to save your favorite variety.
Turkish carnation can multiply. Of course, plants will be significantly less, but they will still delight you with great blossom.
Diseases and pests
These flowers love solar places, they should be time to periodically, loose well after each irrigation, which will prevent the appearance of root rot.
Against trips and greenphids, causing the appearance of white dots on the petals, use the corresponding insecticide.
When painting and feeding, try to make the liquid to fall on the flowers.
The variety of varieties and the extraordinary unpretentiousness of the Turkish carnation is able to satisfy the desires of any flower. The lowest varieties look great in alpinearia or rockers, will decorate an inconspicuous garden of the garden as planted in kashpo or containers fill the flavor and paint balcony or veranda.
Tall shapes lined with lawns, among shrubs fit perfectly in the gardens of natural style. Fragrant picturesque flowers attract butterflies, bees, birds. Cut flowers stand in vases about two weeks. This unusual flower It will be a decoration of any site.
In the numerous clan of the carnation, the Turkish carnation is particularly: first, it, perhaps, is most often found on our flower beds, and secondly, it is a two-year-old. Strictly speaking, in nature, this kind is growing as a perennial, but because of the cool climate in middle lane Our country is cultivated as a two-room apartment.
The plant is incredibly popular - in almost every garden you can meet multicolored inflorescences of Turkish carnations. It is not surprising: her small, but bright flowers are very attractive and perfectly decorated flower beds. In addition, despite the short lifetime, the culture is very unpretentious and easily breed. In addition, the Turkish carnation exudes an excellent fragrance and is excellent honeycombattracting bees.
But this is not all the advantages of a wonderful plant. Its flowers are edible, and the petals have a pleasant sweet taste. Also, the Turkish carnation is considered a medicinal, although official science Not yet confirmed this fact. However, despite the set useful properties, most often, Turkish carnation is used in decorative gardening.
The plant began to cultivate in the XIV century, and the first mentions of him are found in the works of the English botany and Naturalist John Gerard.
The Russian name of the species indicates the Motherland of Culture: In the natural environment, the flower can most often meet in Southern Europe and in the Middle East. In addition, wild Turkish carnation is growing in Northeast China, as well as in the south-east of Russia. Well, garden varieties can be found worldwide, they are especially popular in regions with temperate climates. Natural varieties of plants are usually painted in red and white, cultural Turkish carnations have a variety of shades - pink, purple, lilac, white, red, etc. The selection has worked on the flower shape - often terry and semi-world inflorescences are often found, and the height of varieties may vary.
Interesting english name Turkish cloves: In the UK, a flower is called Sweet William (Sweet William). There are several versions of the origin of an unusual nickname. According to one of the legends, the plant is named after the famous military man holder of the XVIII century Duke of Camberland William-August, on the other - in honor of William Shakespeare. Other well-known persons are mentioned with the same name - Wilhelm Conqueror and Saint William York. According to another, more prosaic, version of the word "William" is consonant with the French "Oeillet", which is translated as "carnation". The British love this flower very much: it often appears in folk romantic ballads and was even included in the bride bouquet during the marriage of Prince William and Kate Middleton.
In our country, this species is sometimes called bearded carnation due to large number Fit-shaped columous leaves, similar to a beard around a flower.
Botany attributes a Turkish carnation (Lat. Dianthus barbatus) to the numerous genus of the carnation (Lat. Dianthus) of the clove family (lat. Caryophyllaceae). This is a middleweight (20-60 cm in height) a herbaceous plant with strong reprehensive shoots, narrow elongated (1-2 cm long, 4-10 cm wide) green or silver-green leaves and tight-tielial inflorescences consisting of separate flowers of various flowers. Coloring. The diameter of one flower varies from 2 to 3 cm, and the diameter of the total inflorescences is about 10-15 cm. Usually the flower consists of five petals, however, the flowers of terry and semi-grade forms can contain up to ten petals. After flowering, a fruit box is formed with large quantity Flat black seeds.
Two fondness of the flower is known, each of which is cultivated:
- Bearded carnation (lat. Dianthus Barbatus Var. Barbatus)
- Asian carnation (Lat. Dianthus Barbatus Var. Asiaticus)
Varieties of Turkish carnations countless. Conditionally, they can be divided in height.
Low varieties (up to 35 cm) include:
- Heart Attack (Hart Attak) - bushes with a height of about 30 cm, with dense inflorescences of a saturated wine-red shade. In the center of the flower - small white dots.
- "NOVERNA" (NWERNA) is a range of average (about 30 cm in height) with dimensions, large colors of various color and elongated bright green leaves.
- "Diabunda" (Dabunda) - a collection of low-bonded strongly branched varieties. It is often grown as a pot culture. "Purple Picotee" - creamy-purple inflorescences, "Crimson" - scarlet inflorescences, "Red" - dark red inflorescences.
- "Festival" (Festival) - a series of varieties, whose height does not exceed 25 cm. Popular color: "Light Pink" - Light pink, "White Flame" - Two-color White-pink, "White" - cream, "Salmon" - salmon , "Cherry" - dark cherry, etc.
HEART ATTACK, NOVERNA, Diabunda, Festival - "Dash" (Dash) is a group of perennial (and not twilight) varieties of Turkish cloves. The height of the individual plant is 30-35 cm, the color can be different: "Magician" - white-pink flowers, flowers collected in one inflorescence different shades, "CRIMSON" - dark burgundy flowers.
- "Wee Willie" (Willy) is very low (up to 15 cm) plants with bright, mainly two-color, white and pink flowers.
- "INDIAN CARPET" (Indian Carpet) is another dwarf (12-15 cm) a variety that can be used as a soil industry. On sale most often you can meet a mixture of red, white and pink shades.
- "Dynasty Orchid" (orchid dynasty) - a terry variety of medium (25-30 cm) sizes. Completed red, pink and cream colors.
"Dash", "Wee Willie", "Indian Carpet", "Dynasty Orchid" Tall (up to 60 cm) Turkish carnations this:
- Holborn Glory (Glory Holbor) is a grade cultivating from the 20s of the last century. Bustards reaching a height of 60 cm are decorated with large two-color inflorescences.
- "Messenger" (Messenger) is a group of secondary (up to 45 cm) of plants with large, as a rule, without pattern, colors. "White" - white inflorescences, "Red" - red inflorescences.
- Rocking Red (Rokin Red) is a large (45-60 cm) variety with beautiful, saturated-red, flowers.
- "Diadem" (diadem) - a plant with a height of about 38 cm with bright red with white middle-colored colors.
- HEIMATLAND (Hayimatland) is a variety with a classic red-white (white center, red edges) with a 45-47 cm high.
Holborn Glory, Rocking Red, Diadem, HEIMATLAND Most often, there are various mixtures of coloring, for example "Auricula Eyed Mixed", " Festival Mixed, "" Diabunda Mixed "," Super Duplex Mixed "," Kaleidoscope Mixed "and others. They look much brighter and more interesting in monophonic varieties.
Well, the most unusual Turkish cloves are the following:
- "NIGRESCENS" (nigritezens, black) is a group of varieties highlighting very dark color. The most widely known variety of the group can be called "Sooty" (essence) - middleness (30-37 cm) carnation with red-purple, almost black, flowers and a large number of thin long bracts.
- "Green Trick", "Green Ball" (Green Trick, Green Ball) - Japanese varieties in the Dutch flower market. High shoots decorate fluffy bright green balls. These balls are not colors, moreover, the plant does not bloom, and long guns are thin thread-shaped bracts.
Sooty, Green Ball Sorts of Turkish carnations Countless and every year breeders please the gardeners all new, each of whom is unique.
Turkish carnation in landscape design
This garden plant is truly versatile. It can be used in various landscape compositions: Borders, Mixlers, Rabata. And perfectly look like monotype flower beds and multiple flower beds. High and average grades of Turkish cloves will become an excellent background for lower soil workers. The only thing about to remember the gardener when creating complex diverse compositions is the flowering time of each type.
The lowest varieties of Sweet William are perfect for alpine Gork And stone garden, especially since the open sun in combination with poor rocky soil is ideal conditions for Turkish cloves.
Thanks to natural beauty, the flower fits perfectly into an artificial landscape, imitating wildlife, and the pleasant aroma of the plant will attract butterflies, bees and birds in such a garden.
Sometimes Turkish carnation is grown in street containers and even in porridge, as indoor plant. She looks good in the dishes, but because short time Life requires constant resumption.
Culture, especially tall varieties, suitable for cutting, as a supplement to bouquets of wildflowers.
Turkish carnation: cultivation and care
As mentioned above, in moderate latitudes, the Turkish carnation is grown as a twentieth century. This means that in the first year they grow root, leaves and shoots, as a rule, low, and in the second year, flowers and seeds appear, after which the plant dies. However, B. favorable conditions The plant can bloom for several years in a row, moreover, it happens that the flowers appear for the first year.
[!] Sometimes Turkish carnation and for the second year forms lush green pillows, but does not bloom. In this case, it is worth leaving it on the flower bed, most likely the flowers will appear next year.
And yet most often the plant has a two-year cycle, which determines the agricultural engineering of its cultivation.
Disembarkation and reproduction
Usually, Turkish carnation is obtained from seeds. They are sold in many stores and have a good germination. The plant can be multiplied vegetatively. Consider both methods.
Landing seeds
Turkish carnation seeds plant differently:
- Spring in open ground
- At the end of the summer or early autumn in open ground.
On the seedlings, Turkish cloves rarely grow, usually seeds are introduced immediately into the soil.
[!] Some flower arrangements claim that cultural flowering can be achieved in the first year. For this, it is necessary at the beginning of spring in the warm room to plant seeds on seedlings, and then, in May, transfer seedlings to open ground.
Spring sowing can be started after it is established steadily warm weather and minus the threat of frosts, usually this end of May. Best time for autumn seva - latest numbers August or early September. It is advisable to sow immediately to a permanent place to once again not injure the plant with a transflection. However, if necessary, the Turkish carnation can be transferred: Spring seedlings are usually moved to a new place no earlier than the end of the summer, and the autumn is the next year, in the spring.
Seed planting technology is the same at any time of the year:
- Choose a smooth section, remove weeds, scatter the ground.
- Moisten the soil, but the seeds themselves do not soak! They must remain dry.
- Lower the seeds on the surface, trying to withstand the distance between them at least 3-5 cm.
- From above seeds, suck dry clean ground.
- From above, the garden is sometimes covered with a film or nonwoven material, however, if the weather is warm enough, without this it is quite possible to do.
After the seeds go are needed, if necessary, a little to proper. Usually, the sprouts of the Turkish cloves are very thin, weak and resemble weeds. Remember where you planted the flower to accidentally do not flip it. Further care for seedlings is regular watering and preparing the garden.
Distribution, cuttings
Also, the Turkish carnation is breed, although much less often, vegetatively. Interesting a way to get young plants from maternal copies with the help of chains: At the end of summer, long, low-incredible young shoots tilge, trying not to break, they pin down to the surface of the soil with a wooden or plastic bracket and sprinkle the earth. After some time, the roots are formed in the place of contact of the stem with the soil, after which the escape can be separated and planted on a new place.
Location, soil
Turkish carnation deserved reputation absolutely unpretentious plantscapable of growing almost anywhere and on any substrate. This is true, but some preferences have a flower yet.
The birthplace of this culture is hot southern countries, which is why the Turkish carnation is considered to be a solubular plant. However, if open places There are no on your site, you can put it in the half. It is worth avoided only fully shaded places - in this case, bloom can be scarce or not to step at all.
As for the soil, here the opinions of the gardeners are diverged. Some say that Sweet William prefers fertile, rich in humus substrates. Others are not helpful believe that the best choice There will be poor soils with a high content of sand and small stones. Indeed, the Turkish carnation will be able to grow almost on any earth, however, the overabundance of humus can lead to increasing green mass, but there will be a little colors. It is worth paying attention to the good drainage - the soil should be loose, water and breathable. The most suitable acidity of the substrate is 7.0-7.5 pH (slightly alkaline soils).
Watering, subordinate
Watering this beautiful candy twiser should be moderately, with a frequency twice a week. If summer is roast, irrigation frequency can be slightly increased. Turkish carnation often suffers from root rotting, so it should not be too overflowing too.
[!] Better to water the flower under the root, and not on top. Water droplets that fell on petals and leaves can leave ugly brown stains.
It is not necessary to feed the carnation, it is able to receive all the necessary substances from the soil and water. However, if you want to pamper the southern beauty, you can make a special fertilizer for beautifully flowing during the bookmark of buds.
Flowering, care after flowering
In the middle lane of Russia, the bearded carnation blooms, as a rule, in the middle or end of June, and its flowering duration is about 30-40 days. After the end of flowering, the cropping of fruits and ripening seed begins.
What to do with a bleached plant depends on your goals. If you want to get a carnation saming, do not touch anything - the seeds mature, fall on the ground, and the next year new young cloves will appear.
[!] Carnation flowers are often reset, so during the next flowering flowering petals can change a little.
If Samoshev is not needed, the blurred flowers can be cut, the more they become unavailable. Sometimes this procedure stimulates the wedding of new buds, and in August, Sweet William blooms again.
Wintering
Turkish carnation is considered a rather winter-hardy plant. In moderate and southern latitudes, it is not required for the winter. The protection against frosts will be required only in the northern regions, as well as if the seeds were planted at the beginning of autumn, and the appeared sprouts did not have time to strengthen. For winter shelter, you can use a husknik, dry fallen leaves or a peat mulch layer.
In winter, mice fields are often treated in thick thickets of Turkish cloves, which eat stems and, thus, harm the plant. To eliminate the appearance of mice, you should create a barrier from fragrant plants, the smell of which mice are not transferred. To do this, there are clips of carnations around the branches of the Tui, elds, walnut or garlic heads. Another safe for flowers and people is a way to deal with mice - planted next to the carnation of a Chernelorn, an attractive and very useful plant.
Diseases and pests
Although the Turkish carnation is a rather stable plant, sometimes it is damaged by some diseases and pests.
From phytopathogen, dangerous for the flower, you can highlight the fungal fuzarium, calusingcalled. The mushroom amazes and the roots on which rotting areas appear, and shoot the plant. For the prevention of fusaria, it should be controlled by watering the Turkish cloves (moisture should not be too much), to cut forward too thick landings and use stable varieties. If the flower fell ill, you need to remove it from the bed and burn, and healthy copies to treat fungicides.
Like all beautiful-blossoming plants, the Turkish carnation loves when there is a lot of sunlight, and it is desirable to grow on soil rich in nutrients. If the soil is rich in different nutrient substancesThe plant will delight you with abundant bloom, which will not be on poor soils. Nothing terrible if the carnation is to grow in a light half.
Before entering the landing of the carnations, it is necessary to prepare a plot: to switch and deposit required fertilizers, for example, humid or compost, and some more wood ash and mineral fertilizers. From mineral fertilizers it is better to choose for flowering plantsTogether with them is added to the soil of potassium sulfate and nitroposk.
The soil for planting the Turkish cloves is dripped to a depth of 25 cm. Then, it is spilled with robbles and if the soil is dry, then it is necessarily moistened. Prepared beds are covered with oilcloth, or any other undercover material. Two weeks after the Earth is prepared, you can start landing by the seeds of the Turkish cloves.
Turkish carnation is considered a bilateral plant and mainly put it in June or July. You can plant seeds under the winter at about late October. For autumn landing, Turkish carnation seeds can not watered, nor soak, as they say, is carried out dry landing.
Before planting seeds, grooking grooves are made in 1 cm deep. The grooves are made at a distance of 15 cm. From each other. When planting seeds in the summer, water flows into the grooves, then seeds are sown and covered the ground, slightly tampering her. Watering the landing no longer needed until shoots appear.
When growing Turkish cloves, the care is mainly in the weeding, watering, soil looser and the removal of weeds. In general, the plant loves to drink a lot of water, therefore, it is recommended to water her at least once a week, if the weather is hot and dry, then watering is carried out 2 times a week.
Carnation colors Turkish responsive to various feeding. For the season you need to spend 2-3 feeding.
The first feeding is carried out when plants reach a height of 10 cm. For this feeding, nitroposka is used and any other complex fertilizer.
The second feeding is carried out when buds begin to form. For this dressing, fertilizers for flowering plants are used, or can be purchased potassium sulfate and superphosphate.
Care for cloves Turkish after flowering is completely unclear. When the plant is dropped, bushes cut off. After trimming, landing need to pour, remove weeds and peel the earth.
About a month later, new sprouts appear, which in the fall can give a little bloom.
Despite the fact that the Turkish carnation is considered a frost-resistant plant, still it is better to hide it for the winter.
In nature, there are about 300 types of carnations, about a dozen spread in flower growing. The scientific name of the genus - Dianthus - gave Father Botany Theofrast. It occurs from the Greek roots of DIOS - God and Anthos - "Flower" and means "Flower of Gods". G. Bourney (Dianthus Barbatus) received its name thanks to the "beard" - with a semicircle leaflets available from each flower. All together they stick out a green brush until they hide the blooming flowers. The second name of the species sounds much more romantic - the carnation is Turkish.
This is a perennial, although not too durable. In the garden it is most often grown as a twiser and even as an annalsHaving planted ready seedlings.
Plant height - 30-70 cm, depending on the variety. Whole line modern varieties are characterized by the ability blooming in the sow.
Blooms in the middle of summer about a month and longer if on time to cut off the shock. Older varieties in the first year form only the rosette of the leaves, and bloom in the second year.
Modern varieties, acquiring new valuable signs, often, alas, leaving the fragrance.
In the UK, the Victorian era when openly talking about his feelings was not accepted. And for their secret expression in the go there was a language of colors, the Turkish carnation symbolized halanery. And what did Turkish carnation mean in the wedding bouquet of Kay Middleton, the electings of the Duke of Cambridge, Prince William? Answer this question is easy if you know the English folk name of the flower - Sweet William - "Cute, Gentle, Sweet William." The origin of the name is lost in the darkness of the story.
In sunny weather around flowering plants lively: on a fragrant cloud bees, bumblebees and butterflies fly. No matter how many colors around the colors, to the Turkish carnation, having completed another circle about the garden, they return again and again. Here, butterflies are delayed for a long time, and it is possible to see the rideward drawing of a peacock eye or elegant albums on the wings of a lemongrator. Why waste time looking for when in every inflorescence up to 30 flowers And the chick of nectar in each flower tube! Permanent winged accompaniment doubles the decorative flower bed effect.
The abundance of nectar and a strong attractive smell make Turkish cloves indispensable on flowerbeds for butterflies and in the romantic soma gardenwhere she would successfully complement the fragrance of roses, jasmine, royal lilies, Mirabilis and Levkoev. Inhaling spicy notes of the clove bouquet, unwittingly immerse yourself in the atmosphere of luxurious flower beds at the palaces of the East. Bright colors and exciting fragrance as it is impossible to inspire the creation of thematic gardens with a national flavor. However, the carnation was valued for a long time not only in the east.
As an old garden plant, it is also suitable for the Russian village hall, and for the cottage garden, and for the classic English mixture. Independent and easy care attract modern flowerflowers that have no free time on whims of too demanding cultures. It is planted and a group in a flower bed in the foreground, and in the form of a border, and in containers. Perfect conditions For Turkish carnations - on normal Groke In the garden, where it will bloom especially magnificent, glad and color, and aroma, and edible petals. Especially it will not be without it decorative garden! It would be appropriate to place Turkish cloves and in the garden of spices next door to a lavender, sage, chamber and lofant. In addition, thanks to strong, stand, sufficiently long blooming, it is perfect for cutting. In the bouquets of the carnation holds for a long time - 11-18 days!
Trimming
Timely trimming of the bleached stalks significantly prolongs flowering. Cut the stalks by the secateur one tiring if there are a lot of flowers. The work will go faster with the help of light shelter scissors. Crop the inflorescences should be immediately as soon as they lost fresh species, not allowing seed tying. This technique extends not only the flowering, but also the life of the bush of the Turkish clove itself, which, with regular trimming, behaves like quite a durable perennial. Cutting into the height of flowering stems on bouquets, you at the same time rejuvenate the bush, thereby providing the formation of new flower stems. Haircut scissors for hedges are convenient for others abundantly, but once flowering species Carnations, such as the carnation of herbanka, the city of Cees, sandy.
Breeding Turkish cloves by seeds, the division of the bush. Diggers and cuttings. Young plants before frosts should have time to rejoice well after the transplantation to a permanent place, so they spend it no later than August.
Strong nodular stems of cloves do not require garters.
Long life bouquet
Since other garden flowers are withering in the cut, as a rule, faster than Turkish carnation, it is advisable to pick up no less endless plants. Then the whole bouquet will delight the eye for a long time. Competition for durability in a vase is easily withstanding lilac, purple, pink and green hortenside caps of garden and yellow-green openwork bore cuffs, with which any varieties of Turkish carnations are perfect. As for the use of special funds that preserve the freshness of cut colors, they did not have a noticeable effect in experiments on the Turkish carnation of a noticeable influence, the flowers retained a fresh view of an average of only 1 day longer. By the way, garden hydrangea and cuff - decent partners for Turkish cloves not only in a vase, but also in a flower bed.
How to grow
Turkish carnation is unpretentious, drought-resistant and winter-hardy enough. In a sunny place, it is capable of survive even next to the roots of high shrubs and trees.
Randomly listed seed can germinate in the most unexpected place, demonstrating rare life. However, the peak of his "form" of the carnation reaches on well-processed sadovaya soil. Compete with rhizuer perennial weeds a plant is difficult due to low-speed and weak root system. Therefore, the soil before landing should be carefully prepared. Annual weeds, populated by seeds, not only intercept meals, but also spoil the view of the flower bed. Mulching organic material It helps to easily cope with this problem. Perhaps most available view Mulching in the garden is the heavy leaves. Compost will additionally act as fertilizer. Mulching under the winter increases frost resistance. It follows However, to know that in raw places this procedure exacerbates problems. Drainage caused by poor drainage. For cloves such excess moisturizing is destroying. Therefore, the place for landing is important to choose not only solar, but also with good drainage.
Contrary to the generally accepted opinion that the Turkish carnation is only a twin-bowl and does not make sense to preserve it after flowering, this plant is capable of greater. To do this, he needs only a little help. By the end of the summer, cloves are drawing by runners from the center on the side of escapes with beams of large leaves on the top of the top. If you spray most of these shoots with a compost, so that they manage to root to frosts, then the next year they will turn into new flowering bushes with the same major inflorescences. So in one place, only slightly moving towards, a motley Turkish carpet can hold on to several years, constantly updating.
According to the materials of the magazine "My beautiful garden"
Turkish carnation is a plant with unusual flowers that have a bustal leaflets with eyelashes. For this feature, this plant is also called a bearded carnation. And its generic name in the Greek sounds like a flower of Zeus. Motherland of Turkish carnation is Southern Europe. It began to cultivate it from about the middle of the XVI century and since then its popularity is not lost. Today, this flower can be found in almost every garden, where it is used when creating flower beds, mountaineering and borders. Some prefer to grow this species At home.
In order for the Turkish carnation to grew bright and beautiful, she is needed correct care
Plant Description
Turkish carnation is a herbaceous plant belonging to the genus of the carnation. Stranded straw, naked, durable, knotted, height ranges from 30 to 75 cm. Lancel leaves, sit on the stem contracted, painted in green or blue-green.
During the flowering period, the plant produces numerous terry, semi-either or simple flowers, the diameter of which is 1.5-3 cm. But the most beautiful umbrellas gives, of course, Turkish terry carnation. It is well suited for lawns, and for curbs, and for decorating terraces, balconies and loggias.
As can be seen in the photo presented in this article, the Turkish carnation color can be different: cream, red, white, pink. Flowers can be monochromic or two-color, with border on petals or with dark spot in the center.
Many novice flower flowers are interested in the question: the Turkish carnation is long-term or not. This plant is a perennial, but in the culture is grown as a twentieth bowl. In the first year of life, it gives only a rosette of the leaves, and the shielding inflorescences made up of the motley flowers is revealed only for the second year after planting. Blossom lasts about a month. Upon completion of this period, fruits appear on the stems - boxes with dark small flat grains.
Seeds of Turkish cloves ripen about an end summer period and retain the germination for three years Growing a seaside way
When growing Turkish cloves from seeds, sowing is carried out in March or the first decade of April. In order to get a strong healthy seedlings, seeding must be laid in a previously disappeared substrate. Disinfection is usually carried out with the help of a dark-rose solution of manganese. The substrate itself should be fertile, often it is made up of leaf slowing and sand.
So, the cultivation of Turkish cloves with a seaside way.
- We wash the container for seedling hot water, put the drainage layer on the bottom, the moisturized substrate from above.
- Sing the seeds, laying them on a depth of about 1 cm. At the same time, the distance between them should be 2-3 cm.
- Cover the container with loose paper and content at a temperature of + 16..18 ° C. Periodically moisturize the substrate.
- When shooting, we transfer the container to a well-lit place and lower the temperature for a couple of degrees.
On notice! If the air temperature is high, the seedlings can stretch greatly!
- As soon as a pair of real leaves appear on the shoots, dive them into separate peat cups. Soil use the same.
Until plants transplant to a permanent place, the soil around the seedlings need to regularly loose and water A couple of weeks before the transfer of carnations to open ground, it is necessary to start the challenge procedure. Every day we endure young plants on fresh air, every day increasing exposure time. Two weeks later, germs must be completely used to the new environment. It is desirable that by this time they spent the night with an open window.
Sowing an open soil
To begin with, it is worth finding out when to plant a Turkish carnation into an open ground. Make it in the third and fourth decade of May, when the threat of night frosts passes, and the soil and the air warm up.
On a note! Seeding seeds in open ground can be spent in autumn - in October, however, remember that the sowing material in this case, like the soil, must certainly be dry. After sowing, the area is insulated with sawdust or peat. The spring layer of mulch is removed.
Seying seeds preferably in the sunny section. Most preferred are places with sampling or drifting soil. In a couple of weeks before sowing, the garden is drunk to a depth of about 20 cm and make a mixture of compost and wood ash - for each square meter Approximately 7 kg of organic matter and 250 g of ashes. In parallel, you can easily feather the soil with mineral feeders for flowering plants - near the tablespoon per square meter. Cover the prepared area with polyethylene and leave for 10-15 days.
Go directly to landing of Turkish cloves:
- We do in the soil the shallow grooves, leaving the distance between them at 15 cm. Thick the water thickens.
- Each groove is placed in seeds. Do not forget to leave 2-3 cm between them.
- We sprinkle on top of the substrate and slightly sealing the soil. Top of crops are covered with a bowed material.
- When the first shoots appear, remove.
Turkish carnation grows perfectly on well-lit plots with fertile soil Features of care
In opened ground
When landing Turkish carnations to open ground, care for it should be regular.
- Pour plants twice a week at the rate of 13-15 liters of water for each square meter. If the summer was too hot, the watering spend more often. In this case, it is desirable to pour water directly on the soil into the root area of \u200b\u200beach bush, avoiding water from entering the green part of the plant, otherwise the foliage may form an iron. If you landed the Turkish carnation in the lowland, then with watering it is necessary to respect special caution. When the landing soil moisure can hit the root rot.
- As for feeding, they first contribute to the substrate to achieve the seats of the 12-centimeter height. It is usually a solution of nitroposki and agrich (on one tablespoon of each drug on the water bucket). The second time fertilizer is brought during the period of the first boutonization - on the water bucket 15 ml of superphosphate and 15 ml of potassium sulfate. The third time the plants are fed during flowering period - on a bucket of water 15 ml of a solution of agricultu.
- Do not forget to periodically loosen the earth, especially after the rain and watering. Thus, the moisture will not linger. In addition, during the weeding, it is necessary to remove all the weeding grass and delete the blurred shoots.
Tip! Stems are recommended to trim at an altitude of about 12 cm from the ground. Thanks to this event, after about a month, the carnation will release new shoots that, with favorable conditions, will be able to bloom for the second time - in the fall!
The Turkish carnation is characterized by high frost resistance and under the 10-centimeter layer of peat is experiencing winter pretty good.
In general, if the weather conditions are favorable, the period of life of the plant can be about six years, with less good circumstances - no more than three years
At home
If you decide to grow a Turkish carnation at home, then it is desirable to use a substrate with a neutral pH. In this case, the appropriate option will be a mixture of one part of the leaf land, one part of the sand, one part of the peat and two parts of the turf soil. Before planting plants, the soil is disinfected with a solution of manganese.
- Seedlings are planted in such a way that the neck remains above the substrate surface.
- During the form of the sixth period of the sixth pair of real leaves, the plant pinch - this will allow you to get a more lush bush.
- Under the conditions of the apartment, the Turkish carnation can grow in a half worth and does not suffer its decorativeness, nor the state of health. Optimal temperature - + 15..18 ° C.
- Watering should be abundant. Make sure that the earthen com in the pot does not swam, but at the same time there should be no stagnation. For watering it is better to use soft water room temperature.
- In the heat, the plant is recommended to spray, do it preferably in the evening.
- A month after landing care turkish clove complemented by fertilizer. In this case, integrated mineral fertilizers for flowering plants should be used. They contribute every ten days, starting from spring and up to October. In winter, flowers in the feeders do not need.
Fighting diseases and pests
Turkish carnation is subject to some viral and fungal diseases. Among them:
- Fusariosis. Basic signs: The yellowing of the leaves, which faded, but do not fall, the stem is painted in a reddish or brown shade, the buds are disclosed weakly or do not disclose at all, the roar part and the root itself is revealed. Sick plants destroy, healthy twice spray with fungicide.
- Rust. It is manifested in the form of brown spots on the leaves, stiffs and stalks of the plant. Spots swell and acquire a yellowish tint. The flower looks oppressed, the stalk dries and breaks. The dissemination of the disease contributes to the overalling of the substrate, potassium deficiency and excess nitrogen. For the treatment of the disease, 1% solution of Bordeaux fluid, drug "HOM" or other fungicide of similar action is used.
- Croplight. Often, plants are infected in spring. The disease is manifested in the form of blurred spots on foliage, spells and changes in the shape of flowers. Treatment by this moment There is no, so patients are destroyed.
Inspect the flowers need regularly - it will help protect your flowering collection from death
Often, the site appears in the plot. They are destroyed with the help of such bait: spread out a few pile of overwhelmed hay in the garden and cover them with skimming. After some time, the pests will turn into these shelters to hide from the heat where they will be easy to destroy.
At home, Turkish carnation can attack cute clamps, mealybug or soss. To combat pests, a soap solution is used, which wash off adult individuals from the body of the plant. Then the affected specimens spray the simplicity of the yarrow, cleanly either the pizzy. With strong infection, it is recommended to use insectoacaricides.
H.