Conifers in the landscape design of a summer cottage: options and rules for composing compositions. Conifers in the landscape design of a summer cottage Landscape compositions with spruce

They try to structure each garden around some reference point, some kind of skeleton, which can be artificially created as a sculpture, a fountain, or natural in the form of an evergreen. Now more preference is given to conifers, shrubs, especially their dwarf versions, which also preserve excellent decorative properties all year round, regardless of the season. Dwarf conifers for the garden 55 photos of landscape design ideas.

In fact, dwarf and creeping conifers are extremely rare in the wild, yielding to their giant relatives. Miniature plants are mostly created artificially from structural abnormalities known as "witch's brooms" by grafting cuttings onto prepared stock of the desired breed. The second popular method of growing "dwarfs" is the cross-pollination of conifers in the nursery. Conifers for the garden photo:

Amateur gardeners understand by the name - dwarf plants- flora not exceeding mature age the height of human growth, that is, almost up to two meters. Dwarf conifers for the garden, shrubs do not need annual pruning, they perfectly tolerate a curly haircut that corrects their shape, are unpretentious to the soil, most of them tolerate shade and frost well. Due to the wide variety of crown shapes, needle coloring, they represent serious tools for the work of landscape designers.

Often decorative conifers for the garden, trees find their refuge on alpine hills, rockeries or other types of rocky gardens. In these options, they act as the center of the composition, grouping other types of plants around them, it is worth taking advantage of all the wealth colors, forms of coniferous dwarfs. If you skillfully use the principle different heights you can avoid monotony, create several original viewpoints at once.

Already traditionally undersized conifers for the garden are taken for the arrangement of borders, the organization of hedges of low, medium height. Forms with dense bushes of cypress trees, firs, junipers, and western thuja are asking for borders. Medium hedges can be formed by ordinary spruce, yew, junipers, which have a crown in the form of columns.

An environment of heathers will help to emphasize the graceful appearance of low-growing conifers. The entrance to the estate in the form of a thuja arch will look stylish, and the approaches to the porch of the house will be decorated with ordinary spruce, prickly spruce in containers. Conifers for the garden photo:

Trees in garden landscaping

Large trees, trees more than two meters in height, as well as coniferous trees for the garden are widely used in landscape design... When carrying out landscaping works in city parks, in order not to disturb the "green interior", large-sized trees are planted to the old-timers. On private country estates, adult plants with a well-formed crown can also act as a hedge. In both cases, tree planting is carried out in accordance with the texture and characteristics of habitation of permanent natural representatives.

Landscape krupnomers and dwarf conifers for the garden are grown in nurseries, from where they are delivered to a new landing site. Companies selling large trees monitor the quality of the specimens offered. On their websites, they post offers for the sale of trees of various species without trade margins. Low-growing conifers for the garden photo, see below:

The degree of survival of trees in a new place is influenced by factors such as resistance to woody insects, general condition, compliance with all norms for growing, digging out of the ground, transportation and final planting, also consider the location, where it is better to plant shade-loving conifers for the garden, and where loving the sun.

Nursery experts advise purchasing large-sized ones in winter period time. Planting trees in winter provides a high survival rate in the new site.

Winter disembarkation is recommended after slight freezing soil. The optimal planting period is from late autumn to early spring at temperatures from -15 0С. Since the conifers for the garden at this moment are in a state of deep dormancy, it root system less susceptible various damages, then the chances of settling down in a new place increase exponentially.

It is worth taking into account the fact that in winter the root system of the tree completely freezes over. This process takes place gradually, while the air temperature is significantly lower than the ground temperature. When digging up plants, their roots are protected with an earthen lump, the size of which should correspond to their size. If weathering and freezing of the coma are allowed, the root system will die. Accordingly, the tree will not wake up in the spring.

Modern landscape design is unthinkable without majestic fir trees, luxurious thujas, mighty oaks, serious larches, frivolous pines, dwarf conifers for the garden are also always held in high esteem. Woody compositions from large-sized trees are a timid reminder of the forest, noisy and green in summer, silent and pensive in winter. Conifers for the garden photo:

Many owners of suburban areas are fond of landscape design. As a result of their efforts, the space surrounding not only expensive cottages, but also simple private houses has noticeably changed. Today vegetable gardens and even orchards are gradually losing ground and giving way to lawns, flower beds, flower beds and unusual plant compositions pleasing to the eye. However, flower beds have always attracted the attention of gardeners, and ornamental shrubs quite often decorated the plots, but if conifers were used in landscape design, then not so often. Today they are becoming more and more popular.

Coniferous mixborder

Semi-dwarf juniper

Eastern dwarf thuja

Creation of a coniferous paradise

When you fit conifers in landscape design, you must follow some rules:

the tallest specimens are planted in the background;
coniferous composition from different plants should not combine more than three forms of crowns;
symmetry and precise geometric shapes are inappropriate when creating an evergreen free-plan group;
a strict parterre composition should be strictly symmetrical and requires constant care and haircuts;
an ensemble of conifers does not need variegation;
accents are required;
the viewing area should be at a distance equal to twice the length of the composition;
the wrong green neighbors can nullify the gardener's efforts.

Some of these rules require a detailed approach and specificity. If the first postulate is simple and clear, then the question of forms can be explained by the structure of the human eye. The abundance of shapes, as well as colors, creates a sense of uneasiness. A composition of three colors or two or three contrasting shapes looks much more pleasant and holistic. Pyramidal thuja the brabant in the landscape design of the group is best placed in the background. Their severity is emphasized by the spherical forms of cypress, and in the foreground, the entire ensemble is soothed by creeping junipers or ground cover deciduous plants. Even if the territory for conifers is quite extensive, the rhythmic alternation of the same plants is better perceived, and not a set of all kinds of varieties and colors.

In order for the gaze not to wander through the composition, the beginning of contemplation should begin with an accent, which can create a tree or shrub of an unusual shape or color, slightly different from all the others. The starting point of the view is a small heather garden, which is beautifully combined with conifers. A boulder of an unusual shape, buried in the arms of a juniper, or garden lantern also attract the eye and help to perceive the whole composition as a whole and each plant separately.

The combination of the sizes of conifers in a group should be harmonious. Tall spruce is perceived on great distance, while the small spherical thuja is interesting up close.

For the dignified development of conifers, it is necessary to take into account the influence that plants have on each other. The neighborhood of spruce and thuja will oppress both plants. A beautiful specimen of larch will not tolerate anyone near it. This individualist loves to grow alone, just like the birch.

Larch

The combination of conifers with roses looks very beautiful. But this neighborhood may not be very comfortable for a rose.

Conifers in different roles

Many gardeners give preference to conifers when decorating a plot, because these plants can play a variety of roles:

Hedge;
Solo part;
Mixborder;
Alpine slide or rockery;
Ensemble;
Container garden.

An evergreen hedge can be functional or aesthetic. If you need to separate the resting place from prying eyes, columnar junipers or thujas will do this role very well. Tightly planted to each other, they will create a beautiful and impenetrable wall, which will look organic in the green mass of the site.

A dwarf juniper or cypress will make a wonderful fence for fencing a playground or flower bed, which will not block the view, but will create a beautiful frame.

As a solo artist, coniferous trees or shrubs with an interesting crown shape, color of needles or exotic view fruits. A better combination all at once for the decorativeness of the soloist throughout the year. The background for the artist can be lawn, gravel or decorative chips.

A composition, that is, a "mix" of plants along a path or fence, forms a kind of border, and all together this is called a mixborder. This garden element is very popular with gardeners. It can be decorated with conifers or a combination of conifers with flowers and ground cover plants. It is better to decorate the mixborder near the path with dwarf and semi-dwarf forms so that the eye covers the entire group of plants at once.

Alpine slides or rock gardens in the recent past were a favorite decoration of garden plots. On any, even very small, piece of the garden, amateurs tried to create something similar to the Alps with an obligatory assortment of groundcover and conifers. To create a rock garden that would naturally fit into the landscape of the site is not an easy task, but quite feasible. It is much easier to create rockeries - a combination of plants and stones. For this element of the landscape, you do not need to build mountains, a beautiful boulder and evergreen plants, correctly matched to it, are enough. A dwarf mountain pine in landscape design will feel like home if it is surrounded by several stones of an interesting shape or color. Ground cover flowers or creeping junipers are planted between stones and conifers. In this case, plants and stones located on pebbles look more natural.

Compositions from conifers are the simplest and most beautiful solution for revitalizing a lawn or patio.

Ephedra can be combined with deciduous plants suitable for growing conditions. The unpretentious and beautiful deer-horned sumac (Rhus typhina) with its feather-like leaves will look great against the background of strict spruces in summer, and in autumn its scarlet colors against a calm green background will attract the eyes of even a sophisticated gardener.

In group compositions, contrasts of form and play of color play a major role. Columnar thuja with bright green needles are perfectly combined with balls of golden thuja, and creeping deep green juniper completes this composition, spread out on the lawn.

Answer

A park in a manor house or a flower bed near a private house will look good if evergreens are present in it. This fact has been known for a long time, so most people use conifers in the landscape design of their summer cottage. They make it possible to give the space a rich and dignified look. And they look original all year round. And regardless of whether there is a single tree or a full-fledged composition.

Conifers in landscape design: problem of choice

The size of a coniferous plant that it will have after 10-20 years. Therefore, ordinary spruces are best planted along the main paths or to create a hedge around the site. The western thuja "Golden Glob" allows you to get a low fence. A low curb, the height of which will not exceed 50 cm, will be obtained from the western spruce of the Danika variety.
Growth rate of conifers. This fact turns out to be important in a flower bed. Because plants with different growth rates will quickly greatly change the appearance of the entire composition.

Needle color. It depends on the variety and breed, and also, sometimes, on the place of planting. For example, Lawson's cypress tree will be painted blue in bright sun, and in the shade it will fade. In addition, one plant can have different shades of needles. For example, the Korean fir "Silberblok" is silvery-green, and the green needles of the Nutkan cypress tree "Variegata" have yellow spots. Moreover, such multi-colored conifers on the site are recommended to be planted separately. Then their shades will not merge and get lost against the background of other plants.
The compatibility of different types of conifers. Fir trees will not get along with pine or cedar. The spruce will not allow thuja to develop, therefore they are not combined in one composition of conifers. And the larch will not allow any other coniferous plant near it.

Coniferous flower bed: possible options

1. Compact for a small area

For her, only conifers are required, for example, you can take a coastal juniper, supplement it with one western thuja and several mountain pines. In such coniferous composition you need to place it in the center, and the rest of the plants around it. An indisputable plus flower beds are its maximum compactness.

1. Thuja western Holmstrup
2. Juniper medium Old Gold
3. Mountain Pine Mops
4. Coastal Juniper Shlager

2. Large coniferous flower bed for a spacious summer cottage

Her place is near a wall or fence. Its design includes juniper, thuja and pine. The farthest row of the coniferous composition should be the row of common juniper. It is recommended to plant a row of western thujas in front of it, along both edges of which a medium juniper can be placed.

The center of the coniferous flower bed should be a mountain pine tree on a trunk. In addition to it, it is advised to plant a medium barberry in several places, alternating with scaly juniper. The front part of the composition is supposed to be created from horizontal juniper and use from 2 to 3 types for this.

1. Common juniper Suecica
2. Common Juniper Horstman
3. Thuja occidentalis Rheingold
4. Mountain pine Mops on a trunk
5. Juniper medium Mint Julep
6. Juniper scaly Blue Star
7. Thuja western Danica
8. Juniper horizontal Wiltonii

3. Horizontal coniferous compositions on the site

It is used if conifers in landscape design are used for decoration large area with a flat surface. The only plant that makes it up is the juniper. Only you need to take several different types. So that the flowerbed does not look boring and monotonous, it is recommended to supplement the composition with large and small stones. They allow you to break up the green mass.

1. Juniper Virginia Gray Owl molded
2. Juniper horizontal Andorra Compact
3. Juniper horizontal Prince of Wales

4. Bunk on separate flower beds

The farthest of them should contain such a plant, which in adult form will be the tallest. For example, mountain pine. In her company, you can add horizontal and rocky molded juniper.

The front part of the flower bed can be made of two types of juniper: recumbent and scaly.

1. Rocky juniper Blue Arrow
2. Juniper rocky Skyrocket molded
3. Juniper scaly Meyeri molded
4. Mountain Pine Mops
5. Juniper horizontal Blue Chip
6. Juniper recumbent Nana

5. A flower bed for an area with uneven terrain

It successfully masks the imperfections of the territory, but requires sufficient space. An eastern thuja should be planted in the center of a coniferous flower bed; it can be replaced with mountain pine. Fill the background with western thujas, and place around the edges horizontal juniper... The latter can be replaced by a Cossack one. It is recommended to make the edges of the flower bed asymmetrical: plant Japanese larch on one side, and Thunberg barberry on the other. The final step is to plant a medium juniper around the larch.

1. Thuja western Smaragd
2. Japanese larch Stiff Weeper
3. Barberry Thunberg Red Chief
4. Thuja orientalis Aurea Nana
5. Mountain Pine Mops
6. Juniper medium Old Gold
7. Cossack juniper Blaue Donau
8. Juniper horizontal Prince of Wales
9. Juniper horizontal Blue Chip

6. Coniferous composition in forest style

In landscaping, it is used to reproduce the natural appearance of wildlife. To create this coniferous flower bed, you will need to plant from left to right: lilacs, low-growing mountain pine and Canadian spruce. Fill the space between them with different types of juniper and barberry. This will allow you to get a natural and artistic coniferous composition.

1. Rocky juniper Skyrocket
2. Norway spruce Inversa
3. Lilac Meyeri on the trunk
4. Juniper medium Old Gold
5. Canadian spruce Echiniformis
6. Mountain Pine Mops
7. Barberry Thunberg Bonanza Gold

Rules for arranging flower beds of their conifers in landscape design

Create a project - what will be your coniferous flower bed. At this point, it is necessary to take into account such points as the amount of sunlight, free space (it should be enough for the full development of each plant), soil features, site relief, house structure, site area.
Choose the species of conifers.
Make a coniferous composition.
Prepare the soil. To do this, limit the area of the future flower bed. Then you need to remove the top layer of soil and mix it with sand and peat. It is recommended to take the same amount of sand and one part of peat for every two parts of soil. If possible, then add two more pieces of leafy land.
Decorate the borders of a coniferous composition; in landscape design, fences made of brick, wood or stones can act as borders. Mark the territory of each plant with pegs and dig holes for them. The depth of each should be about 50 cm.
Plant conifers. Cover the bottom of each hole with pebbles or sand. The height of this layer should not be less than 15 cm. Add fertilizer, preferably compost. It will need 3-5 kg per square meter. You can buy vermicompost, you just need to choose the one with the lowest nitrogen content. Since fertilization with nitrogen for conifers is contraindicated. Place a seedling in a coma of earth in the center. Cover with prepared mixture. Tamp and water well. Add another layer of soil, which must be well leveled.
Close up of planting mulch. In its capacity, you can use cones, pieces of bark, sawdust. Sometimes ground cover plants play the role of mulch.
Water the coniferous flower bed abundantly in the fall. Especially if there is little rain. Conifers need to store a lot of moisture before the long winter.
Feed the plantings regularly, but this must be done until the moment when the conifers begin to grow.

Conifers in the landscape design of a summer cottage: advantages

These plants can withstand any whims of nature. They are not afraid of frost and heat, prolonged rain or its absence, of course, when they have already taken root in a new place.

Coniferous compositions differ in that they are not susceptible to various diseases. On the contrary, they create a special microclimate that can reduce the number of insects. Phytoncides, which are secreted by conifers, prevent the development of viruses and bacteria.

The climate in a limited area of the country house becomes mild. The air is filled with oxygen. The amount of dust particles decreases in it. Trees create a barrier to noise and wind.

Many gardeners dream of growing conifers of various types and varieties in their garden. Conifers in the garden, together with decorative deciduous and beautifully flowering plants, create an indescribable beauty. And also, in addition to beauty, conifers protect our garden from noise, dust and saturate the air with essential oils useful for our health.

A composition of coniferous plants is a group of coniferous species and varieties, planted according to certain rules of landscape design. To create such a composition on your site, you need to adhere to the basic recommendations with which we will now share with you.

Conifers in the garden can be planted in different parts of the site, but from this the group will have different shape... If you want to create a 360-degree composition, then the tallest conifers should be planted in the center of the group so that medium-sized and small conifers can be placed in the foreground. Then all the plants will receive enough sunlight and delight our eyes, as everyone will be in sight.

If you want to decorate the entrance to a building or plant a composition near a wall, then the most tall plants should be planted in the background, respectively, undersized and dwarf conifers - in the foreground.

If you want to do a ribbon planting, then always plant tall plants in the background as well, and medium-sized and low-growing plants will fit well between tall conifers, but planted closer to the foreground. Be careful not to plant plants of the same height nearby. Plants of the same growth and preferably of the same species are planted only in a green hedge.

Conifers now delight us with a huge assortment of shapes and colors of needles. The creation of a composition with completely different colors of needles, on the contrary, "breaks" it, does not group it. If you want to make a composition of three conifers, then it is advisable to plant 2 plants with the same color of needles and 1 plant with a different color.
If a composition of 5 conifers is envisaged, then it is desirable to use 3 different colors of needles (for example, 1 yellow, 1 blue, 1 gray, and 2 green).

To create a composition of conifers in your garden, you need to either grow the plants yourself, which is very time consuming, or buy it. And you can contact our partners. In addition, all types of conifers are available from which we will now make a composition!

In our example, most conifers will be tall trees, so they need to be planted at a sufficient distance from each other so that when they grow up they do not interfere with each other. To do this, we will use the characteristic, which indicates the size of adult plants. And since there will be no small distance between the conifers, you can fill it with shade-loving bushes and flowers. Bulbous and bulbous flowers look very beautiful near conifers.

A little about the formation of groups. In landscape design, it is customary to place plants in the following groups:
Picture 1.

Picture 2.

Picture 3.

A group of 5 plants. In the center (1) there are tall coniferous plants, on the sides (2 and 3) - a medium-sized and low-growing plant. Red lines indicate that all plants are visible from one side. Also from other sides.

Picture 4.

These are the most simple examples that may be useful to you.
And now we offer you ready-made scheme compositions of eight conifers. Let's create it following the example of the pictures. For this we use picture number 1 (with three plants) and picture number 3 (with five plants). On the left side, you see plants planted in 3 pieces. - this is Crimean pine (4), Siberian cedar (5), Norway spruce (2). On the left side, the conifers are planted according to the scheme of 5 pieces. - Thuja Smaragd (6), Thuja Columna (7), balsam fir (8), blue spruce (1), Scotch pine (3).

Brief characteristics of conifers in the composition:

1. Spruce prickly or blue (Picea pungens) - height 20-30 m, width - 6-8 m. Annual growth 30 cm. The color of the needles is bluish, gray, silvery shades. The shape of the crown is pyramidal. The root system is deep, on less fertile soil it is shallow. Loves moderately nutritious soil and sufficient watering... Increases decorative effect on podzolic, wet soils, on dry, poor, stony or clayey soils, loses decorative effect. Wind-resistant, photophilous.
2. Norway spruce (Picea abies) - height 20-40 m, width - 6-8 m .. It grows up to 10 - 15 years slowly, then faster, 50 cm in height. The color of the needles is dark green. The shape of the crown is pyramidal. The root system is deep, if it grows on loam and sandy loam. If the soil is often wet, then the roots are shallow, which can be affected by the wind. Loves wet air, moderately moist, acidic and well-drained soils. Grows well in the shade. In spring, young plants should be shaded from the sun and protected from recurrent frosts. But it is frost-resistant in winter.

3. Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris) - height 20-25 m, width 7-10 m. Growing rapidly, annual growth 30-40 cm. The color of the needles is bluish-green, the shape of the needles is slightly curved. The root system is powerful, pivotal, feels good on rocky soils, is not afraid of strong winds. Not demanding for soils, only does not like compaction and strong soil salinity. Very light-requiring. Actively highlights essential oils and phytoncides, which purifies and ionizes the air.

4. Pallas or Crimean pine (Pinus Palasina) - height up to 30 m. The needles are long (18-20 cm), slightly curved, dark green. This pine is less hardy than Scots pine. Annual growth is 30 cm. Loves calcareous soils, but grows normally on sandy, crushed stone. Photophilous, in the shade it loses its decorative effect and is damaged by pests. The root system is powerful, deep, so it is not afraid of the wind. Drought-resistant, does not like stagnant water. Gas and dust resistant.
5. Siberian cedar or cedar pine (Pinus sibirica) - height 30-35 m, width 5-8 m. The first 20 years it grows very slowly, then the annual growth is 30-40 cm. The needles are dense, protruding, dark green with a bluish bloom. The root system is powerful with a short main taproot and numerous lateral roots, not afraid of strong winds. It grows on any soil, except clay and pure sandy. But he prefers light loamy and loamy, slightly podzolized soils. Photophilous, shade-tolerant. The older the plant, the more it requires light. Loves moderately moist soil and moist air. Very hardy. Cedar wood repels midges, mosquitoes, moths.

6. Thuja (Thuja occidenalis Smaragd) - height 3-5 m., width - 2 m. Annual growth 10 cm. Crown shape - narrow, pyramidal, dense. The needles are dark green, retain their color well in winter. It is not demanding on soils, but it grows better on fresh loams and on limed soils. Sun-loving, can grow in partial shade. Frost resistant. Looks good in containers and green hedges. Cleans and ionizes the air.

7. Thuja western Columna ( Thuja occidenalis Columna)- visota -10 m., width-up to 1.5 m. It grows very quickly. The needles are scaly, shiny, dark green, retain their color in winter, the color darkens in the shade. It takes root well if the root system is not disturbed too much. It is not demanding on the soil, it grows on acidic and alkaline soils, the main thing is that they are nutritious and moist. Does not like drying out of the soil. Photophilous, the crown is dense in the sun, rare in the shade. The most frost-resistant among western thujas. Well suited for hedges due to its rapid growth and height.
8. Balsam fir (Abies balsamea) - height 20 m, width -6 m. The shape of the crown is narrow pyramidal. The needles are dark green, shiny on top, with two whitish stripes on the bottom. Growing fast. The root system is shallow, so you need to protect it from strong winds. It is undemanding to soils, but prefers acidic ones. If the lower branches are covered with humus, they will take root. Does not like trampling the soil and breaking off branches. Sun-loving, but also grows well in partial shade. Frost resistant.

Increasingly, in landscape design, various conifers are used to decorate plots, which create harmonious combinations with, decorative deciduous and flowering shrubs, perennial flower crops. This article is all about garden conifers; rules for creating harmonious compositions; to help gardeners, photos of a variety of conifers with the exact names of varieties.

Conifers: species, cultivation techniques

The inclusion of conifers in garden compositions allows you to create unique beauty corners of the garden that remain decorative at any time of the year. The assortment of conifers for landscaping areas is constantly expanding, including uniquely colored spruce, cypress or juniper.

Advice. Trees with needles of different shades fit perfectly into the garden design, creating a fresh spot against the background of other plants.

Decorative conifers for the garden are very popular in the design of landscape compositions due to their positive qualities:

Conifers retain their attractive shape, as the crown grows, their crown becomes only thicker and more elegant.
Plants do not freeze even in the most severe winters, decorating the winter landscape, conifers and shrubs are easy to care for and endurance.
The powerful root system of these plants fully provides the conifers with moisture, so mature trees can be watered infrequently.
Ephedra easily tolerate insufficient lighting, put up with shading.
Many varieties of conifers have a compact form that does not require special care.

Landscaping using conifers

Coniferous crops are so diverse that they can be used to create landscape compositions of any style, compact and miniature forms of conifers look appropriate in and on.

Types of conifers

Usually, the following conifers are used for landscaping areas different varieties, differing in height, shape of branches, color of needles.

Pine

Pine is the most ancient representative of the green coniferous kingdom. Pine trees are not demanding on the soil, they are highly resistant to drought and winter cold, but they require a lot of free and bright space... When planted in an urban area, pines react strongly to smoke and air pollution, so their widespread use in creating landscape compositions near an industrial zone is very limited. Pines are conventionally divided by height into three groups:

Tall - the height of the tree reaches more than 10 meters.
Medium height - from 3 to 9 meters.
Low and compact forms - they reach no more than 3 meters in height.

The habitual green color of pine needles is not the only one, modern varieties of pine needles can have a blue or yellow hue, there are species with a two-tone color of needles.

Attention! For landscape gardening, all types of pines are used, but a special group is made up compact species mountain pine, which is widely used for planting in the form of a tapeworm on an alpine slide.

Ate

Spruce is a coniferous culture that is perfect for planting in city parks and squares to create a variety of compositions. Spruce remains green in winter and summer, so parks with fir tree compositions acquire a special charm in winter. The spruce needles have different colors: green, blue, gray, which adds decorativeness to the created landscape compositions.

A huge variety of forms of the crown of fir trees allows these trees to be used as group and specimen plantings; dwarf trees are an ideal decoration for or rockeries.
Spruce varieties are suitable for creating hedges.

Fir

Fir is a tree with dense needles and original cones, indispensable for creating landscape compositions. For the normal development of the plant, it is necessary to create certain conditions for the fir:

Uniform soil moistening, to prevent stagnation of water in near-trunk circles.
Fertile soil.
Protected from the wind.
Fir does not tolerate air pollution.
Shelter in winter for young seedlings from frost.

Fir is the only coniferous crop that can reproduce by shoots. You can always see rooted young shoots near an adult tree, which can be easily separated from the mother tree for separate planting.

Cypress

Cypress trees are very much appreciated for the decoration of urban and park areas. The plant can have a different shape: filamentous, weeping, dwarf, in total there are more than 80 types of various crowns. The needles on the shoots of cypress trees can have a needle-like or scaly shape in various shades of green, blue and light green.

Cypress trees are highly resistant to drought, the plant is winter-hardy, adapts to any growing conditions, put up with shading.

Cypress

The slender Lawson cypress is most suitable for planting in cities, ideal compositions are created by landscape architects using varieties of Virginian cypress.

Juniper

Junipers are highly decorative, a variety of species and forms. Plants look great in a variety of styles, including planting conifers in groups on green lawns and creating rocky slides.

The spiny needles of junipers are usually needle-shaped and can be colored in different tones of green or blue. Needles often have a specific bluish bloom.

The most common and undemanding type of juniper is the Cossack juniper, which has scaly needles. On city lawns and in rockeries, this type of plant can most often be found.

Juniper

The Chinese juniper usually reaches a height of 10 meters, its slender crowns are painted in green or golden tones of various shades. The plant is used for single plantings and for creating decorative hedges.

Thuja

Thuja is most often used for landscaping cities. These plants are undemanding to growing conditions, give good growth, are very decorative, especially during the period of fruit formation. Thuja has a different crown shape: pyramidal, spreading, columnar, which makes it ideal for creating landscape compositions of different styles.

Thuja western is especially often used for landscaping urban areas, which has proven itself well when grown in difficult urban conditions. The variety of western thuja species allows you to create ideal compositions from tall and low-growing varieties.

Yew

Special artistic expressiveness park design are able to give yews, which are usually planted in the form of hedges. Yew is an amazing plant that has leaves reduced into needles and bright berries. In total, there are 8 types of yews in nature, most of which have decorative forms.

Berry yew is the most decorative species of the Yew family. The plant is notable for its bright, dense green needles and red berries that do not ripen on all plants. The thing is that the yew is a dioecious plant. All yews are characterized by slow growth, the plants can live to a very respectable age. In addition to berry yew, medium yew and pointed yew are successfully used in landscape design.

Conifers on the site: video

Conifers in landscape design: photo

Conifers in the garden can be planted in different parts of the site, but from this the group will have a different shape. If you want to create a 360-degree composition, then the tallest conifers should be planted in the center of the group so that medium-sized and small conifers can be placed in the foreground. Then all the plants will receive enough sunlight and delight our eyes, as everyone will be in sight.

If you want to decorate the entrance to a building or plant a composition near the wall, then the tallest plants should be planted in the background, respectively, undersized and dwarf conifers - in the foreground.

A little about the formation of groups. In landscape design, it is customary to place plants in the following groups:
Picture 1.

Picture 2.

Picture 3.

Picture 4.

These are the simplest examples that you might find useful.
And now we offer you a ready-made composition scheme of eight conifers. Let's create it following the example of the pictures. For this we use picture number 1 (with three plants) and picture number 3 (with five plants). On the left side, you see plants planted in 3 pieces. - this is Crimean pine (4), Siberian cedar (5), Norway spruce (2). On the left side, the conifers are planted according to the scheme of 5 pieces. - Thuja Smaragd (6), Thuja Columna (7), balsam fir (8), blue spruce (1), Scotch pine (3).

Brief characteristics of conifers in the composition:

1. Spruce prickly or blue (Picea pungens) - height 20-30 m., Width - 6-8 m. Annual growth 30 cm. The color of the needles is bluish, gray-gray, silvery shades. The shape of the crown is pyramidal. The root system is deep, on less fertile soil it is shallow. Loves moderately nutritious soil and sufficient watering. Increases decorative effect on podzolic, moist soils, on dry, poor, stony or clayey soils, loses decorative effect. Wind-resistant, photophilous.
2. Norway spruce (Picea abies) - height 20-40 m, width - 6-8 m .. It grows up to 10 - 15 years slowly, then faster, 50 cm in height. The color of the needles is dark green. The shape of the crown is pyramidal. The root system is deep, if it grows on loam and sandy loam. If the soil is often wet, then the roots are shallow, which can be affected by the wind. Loves moist air, moderately moist, acidic and well-drained soils. Grows well in the shade. In spring, young plants should be shaded from the sun and protected from recurrent frosts. But it is frost-resistant in winter.

3. Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris) - height 20-25 m, width 7-10 m. Growing rapidly, annual growth 30-40 cm. The color of the needles is bluish-green, the shape of the needles is slightly curved. The root system is powerful, pivotal, feels good on rocky soils, is not afraid of strong winds. Not demanding for soils, only does not like compaction and strong soil salinity. Very light-requiring. It actively releases essential oils and phytoncides, which purifies and ionizes the air.

4. Pallas or Crimean pine (Pinus Palasina) - height up to 30 m. The needles are long (18-20 cm), slightly curved, dark green. This pine is less hardy than Scots pine. Annual growth is 30 cm. Loves calcareous soils, but grows normally on sandy, crushed stone. Photophilous, in the shade it loses its decorative effect and is damaged by pests. The root system is powerful, deep, so it is not afraid of the wind. Drought-resistant, does not like stagnant water. Gas and dust resistant.
5. Siberian cedar or cedar pine (Pinus sibirica) - height 30-35 m, width 5-8 m. The first 20 years it grows very slowly, then the annual growth is 30-40 cm. The needles are dense, protruding, dark green with a bluish bloom. The root system is powerful with a short main taproot and numerous lateral roots, not afraid of strong winds. It grows on any soil, except clay and pure sandy. But he prefers light loamy and loamy, slightly podzolized soils. Photophilous, shade-tolerant. The older the plant, the more it requires light. Loves moderately moist soil and moist air. Very hardy. Cedar wood repels midges, mosquitoes, moths.

6. Thuja western Smaragd (Thuja occidenalis Smaragd) - height 3-5 m, width - 2 m. Annual growth of 10 cm. Crown shape - narrow, pyramidal, dense. The needles are dark green, retain their color well in winter. It is not demanding on soils, but it grows better on fresh loams and on limed soils. Sun-loving, can grow in partial shade. Frost resistant. Looks good in containers and green hedges. Cleans and ionizes the air.

7. Thuja western Columna ( Thuja occidenalis Columna)- visota -10 m., Width-up to 1.5 m. It grows very quickly. The needles are scaly, shiny, dark green, retain their color in winter, the color darkens in the shade. It takes root well if the root system is not disturbed too much. It is not demanding on the soil, it grows on acidic and alkaline soils, the main thing is that they are nutritious and moist. Does not like drying out of the soil. Photophilous, the crown is dense in the sun, rare in the shade. The most frost-resistant among western thujas. Well suited for hedges due to its rapid growth and height.
8. Balsam fir (Abies balsamea) - height 20 m, width -6 m. The shape of the crown is narrow pyramidal. The needles are dark green, shiny on top, with two whitish stripes on the bottom. Growing fast. The root system is shallow, so you need to protect it from strong winds. It is undemanding to soils, but prefers acidic ones. If the lower branches are covered with humus, they will take root. Does not like trampling the soil and breaking off branches. Sun-loving, but also grows well in partial shade. Frost resistant.

Substantially transformed country houses, cottages, summer cottages. The territories that were recently allotted for vegetable gardens are now replaced by flower beds, lawns, lawns. The landscape composition gives a unique charm to home ownership and creates coziness. Special place conifers began to occupy the modern exterior, most of which have recently appeared in our country.

Basic design rules

Creation of an original and unique exterior is not only a decoration of the site. Landscape composition is a whole art. To make your site look harmonious, you need to consider two main aspects:

biological;
engineering.

In other words, all the beds, plantings, flower beds must be skillfully combined with the rest of the buildings. Stick to a consistent style.

It is not difficult to create compositions in landscape design if you follow some recommendations:

Prepare the area. Think over and draw up a plan, placing all the elements on it: a house, trees, a bathhouse, shrubs, flower beds.
Grouped plants look more advantageous than those planted in a single version. But combine only those that do not interfere with each other's growth.
Try to avoid straight, strict lines in your landscape design. Orderliness is great. But strict adherence to symmetry will deprive the site of its naturalness.
Consider the additional components of your landscape design initially. These can be decorative elements (fountain, pond), original art details (paths, lamps).

Determine the balance you choose as a basis for building a landscape composition. If you decide to stick to symmetry, then you need to repeat the main elements in a mirror image. These can be flowerpots on either side of the path.

When choosing an asymmetric balance, the unity of the composition is assumed in relation to one subject.

Create a beautiful design

Schemes will greatly help to create wonderful landscape compositions. You can use the ready-made proposals of designers. But some owners prefer to develop such schemes on their own.

So that your country design was gorgeous and pleasing to the eye, stick to the following tips:

A summer cottage should be a unity of space. This effect is easily achieved by repeating the basic elements in different parts of the garden. The desired result can be achieved with a single color palette.
A simple landscape composition looks harmonious and natural. Excellent design will create smooth transitions from one element to another.
Trees are planted taking into account their height. Start with the short ones, gradually progressing to the tall ones. This will create a depth effect in your area. In addition, visually, your home ownership will appear much larger.
Observe proportionality. Objects that are too bulky should not be placed on small space... And over a large area, small details will look somewhat inconsistent.

Deciduous plants

Beautiful landscape compositions must necessarily include various elements.

Deciduous plants will give you a lot of green colors in summer. In addition, they will accentuate the movement of time in your garden. In winter, when the leaves fly off the trees, the dark trunk will contrast beautifully with the snow-white snow. In the fall, your garden will be enriched with scarlet and gold colors.

Coniferous trees

They keep their greenery all year round. This should definitely be used. It is the landscape compositions of coniferous trees that create a wide scope for creativity. These plants look great in winter. In addition, they are very unpretentious.

Evergreens

This original way create an exclusive design option. Deciduous evergreens - holly, boxwood - use great polarity. They allow you to build a wide variety of hedges. Topiary can be formed from them - certain sculptures that are formed thanks to a curly haircut.

A combination of conifers and deciduous plants in one composition

Such ready-made landscape compositions always look the most advantageous. But, unfortunately, not all plants get along well with each other. Therefore, combining various representatives of the plant world, one should take into account their biological characteristics.

Some are able to get sick with "rust". Such an attack can spread to other plants. Frequently ailing shrubs should also not be placed near deciduous trees. Since the risk of their infection is high.

Shrub placement

Landscape composition implies not only the presence flowering plants... Shrubs and trees are very important in garden design. But you need to arrange them correctly. This will give the composition a semantic completeness.

Shrubs are often located along the perimeter, marking the boundaries of rockeries, rock gardens. Sometimes they create landscape compositions from shrubs. In this case, they are the accents of the site. Plants and flowers are planted around them.

Types of landscape compositions

So, if you are striving to create a beautiful, well-kept garden, pay attention to conifers. They have a charming look, exquisite shapes and allow you to embody the most daring design solutions in almost any area.

Ready-made landscape compositions, in which deciduous and coniferous plants are harmoniously combined, always look perfect.

Now let's look at how to create such a design:

Pines, cypresses, spruces, junipers, thuja, firs are evergreens that look great in the very center of your garden plot. In this case, they form coniferous sculptures. They can be placed on the border of the lot.
Conifers are picturesquely combined with roses, heather, rhododendrons, deciduous plants. Such details will bring some contrast and brightness to the design. They perfectly modify the garden design seasonally. Try to avoid birches and bird cherries. These trees have a rather negative effect on the needles.
Ready-made landscape pyramidal shapes look great. If you have even small creativity, you can create excellent geometric figures, tiers, columns, spirals, intricate alleys. With curly trimmed trees, you can divide the space into specific areas. Such details perfectly decorate small reservoirs, stone slides. They look great on the differences in the relief, colorfully complement the rock gardens.
Do not forget that your landscape design from coniferous vegetation should please with volumetric structures and its coloristic pictures at any time. Therefore, when creating a composition, combine various shapes, textures and colors of conifers.
In landscape design, accent trees and shrubs must be present. Experts advise choosing winter-hardy varieties. They will delight you with their stability all year round. For the background, vegetation with a spreading crown is more suitable. The composition should be completed by weaving low-growing plants.
When placing shrubs and trees, try to emphasize the lines of the site. Plant them in areas where the appearance, original form will only add sophistication to the relief. They should perfectly emphasize the contours of structures and structures on the landscape, correspond to the configuration of paths and other objects. Trees and shrubs look great when placed near the entrance to the house.
Tall vegetation located near garden stairs and retaining walls. In this, trees become an excellent complement to landscape design.
Bends in paths and forks are excellent places for planting vegetation. Often, trees are placed near recreation areas and gazebos. In this case, not only an aesthetic goal is pursued, but the necessary shadow is also created in a hot season.
A wonderful option, according to the designers, is the placement of shrubs and trees in flower beds. You can plant them next to the flower beds.

Conclusion

None beautiful private plot cannot do without decorations created by the caring hands of the owners in the form of landscape compositions. Decorative design can be composed of coniferous and deciduous plants, shrubs. But the most attractive and harmonious option their correct combination is considered.

Conifers and shrubs are in great demand in landscape gardening, their photos can increasingly be found in magazines and sites dedicated to landscape design. They are frost-resistant, decorative, hardy, unpretentious to care for and differ in a variety of crown shapes.

Gardeners love conifers for their many other advantages:

many varieties of conifers tolerate limited sunlight well, develop well in partial shade
well-developed root system of conifers allows them to tolerate well long time without watering, some types of plants grow well on stony soils. In addition, due to the powerful and developed roots, they can be used to strengthen the slopes.

most conifers tolerate shearing well, they (some varieties of tui look especially attractive in this regard) can be used to obtain a variety of shapes that are often found in photos of regular English gardens. And some varieties of conifers by nature have a geometrically regular shape, so they practically do not need care.

coniferous tree is a source of useful phytoncides, a walk in the garden with coniferous plantings has a beneficial effect on both the physical and psychological condition human
conifers tolerate a smoky urban environment well
ripening cones will attract birds to the garden, filling it with life and movement

But the main thing is what attracts conifers and shrubs, for which they are "loved by design" - with their green color, they bring variety and liveliness even to a gloomy, gray and gloomy autumn-winter garden.

Conifers: how to place in the garden correctly

Conifers are versatile plants, the abundance of forms and species allows them to be used in landscape compositions of different styles (you will find confirmation of this in our photos). At the same time, the size of the plot will not become a problem - if in nature the conifers are high enough, then the decorative varieties and species used for landscaping the plots rarely exceed 4 m in height. Design alpine slides it is difficult to imagine without undersized conifers and shrubs (dwarf Hampi pine, Lobers spruce, Mini Pug pine, some types of thujas, coniferous shrubs).

The design of the site can endow the coniferous tree with the function of a color delimiter that will resist the fusion of natural shades. Thus, conifers will help complicate the color combination of the garden, make it richer and deeper. Often undersized varieties tui with dark needles is used as a border for the club, enclosing the flowers inside in a kind of green frame that sets off bright colors colors. In the photo of gravel gardens, conifers are always present, while cones or medium-sized cut bark can replace the stone in places.

Mixborder

Hedge

For zoning a site, designers often use conifers and shrubs. It turns out not just beautiful barriers (in the photo they look monolithic wall), but at the same time - practically impenetrable, i.e. just the qualities required for perimeter fencing fence... For this, conifers are planted in a checkerboard pattern, placing them in 2-3 rows. Of course, it will take a lot of time to achieve the full effect, but the result will exceed the wildest expectations.

For zoning a site (garden), medium-sized (1-2 m high) varieties are most often used, which will not cover the overall perspective. Moreover, evergreen hedge will act as an excellent backdrop for blooming colorful perennials, this technique is especially common in Art Nouveau or landscape-style gardens.

Advice! For creating hedges, it is good to use different kinds tui - thanks to the dense crown, it will be enough to plant them in one row, saving space.

360 degree view composition

Conifers go well with cereals, flowers (especially lilies) and deciduous plants. Coniferous shrubs will look picturesque by the reservoirs, where they will be accompanied by deciduous weeping plants. The intense greenery of thuja with a bluish tint of needles with small speckled blotches will be an excellent photon for junipers.

In order for a composition of conifers to look effective and harmonious, its design should include the following factors:

the best background for conifers is a regular, well-groomed lawn

so that the composition of their conifers (both trees and shrubs) looks harmonious and holistic, a place for best view(location of the gazebo or observation deck) should be located at a distance of at least 2 lengths of the composition

the most spectacular in landscape design is the arrangement of conifers oriented to the west or east
geometric shapes - in landscape design, it is good to use the principle of contrast, for example, arrange pyramidal tall conifers next to one of the low-growing spherical species of thuja. Such an arrangement of trees of different heights will help to achieve some visual effects - against the background of low-growing mountain pines, several even medium-sized thujas will look very tall

Conifers and bushes are ideal material for curling, with which they acquire geometric and fantastic shapes

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