CONNECTING THE BURNER TO
TO GAS BALLON
1. Hold onto the burner control valve and apply
it to the cylinder thread and screw the cylinder tightly against
clockwise. Twist it only with your hands and
be careful not to damage the threads.
2. Always keep the gas cylinder straight
upright by connecting it to the torch.
Picture
3. make sure that the burner and cylinder are stable
stood on the ground without the risk of rolling over.
4. Leave enough free space around
burners - at least 1.25 m on each side and 1.5 m
from above.
5. Always install a windscreen before
how to light the burner (see section 3 “use
cooking burners ").
ATTENTION
Risk of fire or serious injury from
gas leaks.
Never light a burner if you notice a sound
hissing or gas smell after plugging in
cylinder to the burner. The gas contains impurities with an unpleasant
smell. Never use a burner that
smells like gas.
Do not use the burner if it is damaged or
defective.
When connecting a gas cylinder to the burner, never
do not twist it too hard. It may
damage the burner or cylinder and cause leakage
fuel.
Be careful when using the burner when
negative temperature. In the cold, sealing
rings can harden and start leaking fuel
(cm. " General rules security ").
In order to correctly reconfigure the stove to use bottled gas, it is only necessary to replace the nozzles for supplying the gas mixture to the burners. We will tell you how to do it correctly and safely with your own hands, without resorting to outside help.
Features of connecting a stove to a gas cylinder
Jets - important detail any plate. Each nozzle has a special hole of a specific diameter through which the gas mixture is supplied to the burner. As you know, the pressure of natural gas that enters our houses and apartments through central highways is much lower than the pressure of bottled gas. Therefore, the size of the openings in the jets of gas stoves operating on bottled gas should be smaller than in conventional stoves. Some manufacturers of gas stoves are pre-equipped with jets for different types gas mixtures (propane-butane, natural gas, etc.). However, if your stove does not have such jets, then they can be purchased separately and replaced by yourself.
List of required tools
Before proceeding with reconfiguring the stove to use liquefied gas and connecting it to gas cylinder, it is worth preparing in advance all the tools and spare parts necessary for this. First of all, you will need:
- new jets;
- flexible hose for a gas cylinder more than one and a half meters long. It must be new without any cracks and damage, since the safety of others depends on it;
- gas reducer with an outlet pressure of 30 mBar (frog);
- wrenches (spanner 7 mm, open-end);
- screwdrivers;
- sealant;
- soapy water.
How to choose the right jets
Jets for gas stove sold in any specialty store. Outwardly, they resemble ordinary threaded bolts. In the center they have a special hole of a specific diameter, through which the gas flows. As a rule, for convenience of choice, manufacturers mark their products by knocking out the diameter of the outlet at the end of the nozzle.
When buying such a device, you should not save money, and even more so try to independently change the diameter of its hole. This can lead to disastrous consequences. In the instructions for the stove, you must see the specific diameter of the nozzle hole for each burner. It is not permissible to use jets with a hole larger than the recommended one. This will not allow normal regulation of the flame, it will be more than permissible. Smaller jets will not have sufficient flame.
Replacing the jets and connecting the gas cylinder
All work on reconfiguring the stove to use bottled gas must be carried out in compliance with elementary rules security. Replacement work must be carried out before connecting the stove to gas. It is necessary to remove the burners, and on some stoves and the top cover of the stove, unscrew with wrench old jets and, observing the required dimensions for each of the burners, screw in the new jets. Then reassemble everything in reverse order. To replace the nozzles in the oven, it is necessary to dismantle the surfaces that hide the burner of the oven and grill according to the instructions for the stove, then replace the nozzles and assemble the oven.
After that, you can connect the gas cylinder to the stove. To do this, we screw a fitting onto the inlet pipe of the kitchen stove, and put a hose on it and tighten it with a worm clamp. We connect the other end of the hose to the gearbox and fix it with a clamp. We connect the reducer to the cylinder using an open-end wrench. The gearbox must be strictly horizontal. To seal all threaded connections it is necessary to use special paronite gaskets. They can be purchased both in specialized stores and at a gas station.
Secrets of a secure connection
The installation of any gas equipment in one way or another is associated with a certain risk to the health and life of others. Therefore, it is important to strictly adhere to certain rules during installation work:
- it is forbidden to install a gas stove in rooms with poor ventilation;
- the gas cylinder must be located at a distance of at least 1.5 meters from the gas stove. A special metal box located on the street is ideal for this;
- hose, reducer, all joints of gas equipment must be constantly accessible for visual control;
- if you smell gas, you must immediately ventilate the room and do not use electrical appliances.
Checking the operation of the stove
It is important to first check all connections for leaks. This requires the usual soap solution, which is applied to the joints to check their reliability and the absence of gas leakage. If a leak is found, it is recommended to tighten the hose clamps tighter and replace the gaskets on the gearbox and retest.
Now you can check the operation of the stove itself. If the burners light up easily, and the flame has a bluish tint without the so-called yellow tongues, burns with good strength and evenly, then we can confidently say that everything was done correctly.
Currently natural gas is the most optimal fuel for home heating. The only negative is that it is not always possible to connect the heating system to the main gas pipeline. In this case, you can pay attention to an alternative in the form of liquefied gas - boilers using bottled gas are not uncommon in our country.
Classification
Boilers for liquefied gas, are single-circuit and double-circuit. A single-circuit boiler is intended only for heating, while a double-circuit boiler is capable of both heating the house and providing hot water in it.
Consumers are offered wall, floor gas boilers with open and closed combustion chambers. In addition, you should pay attention to the power of this heater... A variety of modifications often makes it difficult for the user to choose, so it is worthwhile to dwell on the most important characteristics.
For boilers operating on liquefied gas, the ability to operate at low pressure is of fundamental importance.
The continuous supply of bottled gas will be carried out at a pressure of 3-4 Mbar. Therefore, when selecting a boiler, you should pay attention to this parameter.
Efficiency
Efficiency is one of critical parameters heating system. Liquefied gas is more expensive than mainline gas, and transportation costs must be added to its cost.
The efficiency of modern serviceable equipment can reach 90-95%. To calculate the gas consumption for heating, you need to know the total area of \u200b\u200bthe room: about 1 kW of power is spent on 10 square meters.
For heating and heating water in country house 100 square meters will require about 2 cylinders per week and 8-9 cylinders per month. You can connect cylinders in a group: according to the rules, it is allowed to use a system of cylinders up to 15 pcs. In this case, the gas containers must be in a closed metal cabinet.
Installation equipment
To install the heating system, you will need:
- gas boiler;
- burner for liquefied (balloon) gas and directly the gas cylinders themselves;
- shut-off valves and reducers.
Bottled gas burners differ in their configuration from conventional burners and are usually standard on gas boilers. If necessary, they can be purchased separately. Shut-off valves and the necessary gearboxes can be purchased from the company or directly at cylinder filling stations.
Connection
A cylinder or a group of cylinders is connected to the boiler through a reducer with a throughput of about 2m3 / hour. Reducers for household stoves are designed for lower throughput - they are not suitable for the heating system. The gas storage system can have one common reducer or a separate regulator for each cylinder. The second option is more costly, but it is exactly what the craftsmen recommend - individual gearboxes provide maximum safety.
Liquefied gas cylinders cannot be installed outdoors: the cold will provoke a decrease in pressure, and the heating pad may refuse to work. The perfect place for installation is a warm, ventilated room. It is important to remember that bottled gas is heavier than air and if it leaks, it will accumulate at the bottom, increasing the likelihood of an explosion. Therefore, the room should be selected separately from living rooms... It shouldn't have basements and underground floors!
Gas cylinders are connected to the boiler burner using a metal corrugated pipe - this reduces the likelihood of gas leaks due to system vibrations.
With automatic sensors and correct settings the rate of propane consumption can be reduced by 3-4 times. If a it comes about country house, then the gas consumption will be even lower: during the absence of people, the automation will maintain the temperature at 6-9 ° C, which will reduce the propane consumption to 0.7-0.8 cylinders per week. Heating a building with liquefied gas is not the best cheap option, but in some cases it is most optimal if there is no problem with the delivery of cylinders.
The gas boiler also performs its functions perfectly when connected to the main gas pipeline. In this case, it is quite easy to switch the equipment to a permanent source of fuel - just change the burner.
But if there is no prospect of connecting the building to the gas pipeline, the feasibility of the installation should be re-calculated gas boiler... For home with total area more than 100 m2 and maintaining a temperature of about 25 ° C, it is worth considering the possibility of installing solid fuel boiler or another heat generator and water heating.
Refueling
Cylinders undergo mandatory certification every 3 years - this is necessary for the user's own safety. Such containers can serve for about 10 years. Standard house consumes about 10-12 cylinders per month, so they will have to be refueled weekly - you cannot transport more than 3 cylinders at a time without special permission.
Before refueling, the vessels must be prepared. To do this, condensate must be removed, which artificially reduces the usable volume and damages the steel walls. Removing condensate is the prerogative of specialists; doing such work with your own hands is always a risk. If for some reason it is difficult to find a master, then you will have to carry out the procedure yourself. The cylinder is taken out into an open space without sources of fire, grounded and then the reducer is removed. Leave for 2 hours in order to evaporate the remaining gas. After two hours of inactivity, the vessel is turned over and the water flows into the ground. You can take it to a gas station.
It is worth choosing a tanker who organizes both transportation and a guarantee for work. It is better not to contact car stations, because their equipment does not have a special shut-off device that regulates the filling with gas household cylinders... They also do not have a special connector for connecting a cylinder to station equipment.
The use of bottled gas requires a thorough approach to safety and ease of use. We propose to consider simplest example connecting a propane cylinder to a gas stove: connection diagram, shut-off and control valves, organization of storage conditions.
Where to install the balloon
The main generalized requirement for the use of gas cylinder equipment can be called ensuring the safety of people. For this reason, gas cylinders are not recommended to be installed in inhabited rooms and technical roomsconnected to a residential building directly or through ventilation.
A distinctive feature of propane gas is its high density... Cylinder gas is heavier than air and can accumulate in the lower floors of buildings. Therefore, it is strictly not allowed to install cylinders in the underground or technical rooms below ground level. If in the usual case small leaks do not pose a danger due to constant air exchange, then in the lowlands the gas is capable of for a long time accumulate to explosive concentrations. It is possible to install gas cylinders in accordance with SNIP 42-01-2002 only inside buildings not higher than 2 floors, in an amount of no more than one and at a distance of 0.5 m from gas stoves and 1 m from heating devices.
To make the installation safer and to prevent unauthorized persons from accessing the gas equipment, cylinders are placed either in a room with a separate entrance, or in an outdoor metal cabinet. Especially important when outdoor installation take account of temperature regime exploitation. Balloon gas consists of a mixture of propane and butane, each with a different boiling point. When the cylinder is cooled below 0 ° C, only propane will evaporate from the mixture, while the remaining butane in the cylinder will not be efficiently used. With more low temperatures it is possible to completely stop the flow of gas to the stove.
The main way to achieve normal work at low temperatures, the use of so-called winter gas mixtures capable of evaporating at temperatures down to -40 ° C is considered. However, the problem is that such gas may be in seasonal shortage, moreover, the possibility of refueling with a mixture of mediocre quality cannot be ruled out. There are two ways to resolve the issue with a guarantee: either by insulating the attached metal cabinet, counting on the penetration of heat from the building, or additionally heat the cylinders using a self-regulating cable.
The height of the cabinet should be at least 20-30 cm higher than the height of the cylinders so that they are not installed on the floor, but with a gap, for example, on two metal slats or high pallet... In this case, the cabinet must be protected from the penetration of melt, rainwater and heating from sunlight over 40 ° C.
Which gearbox to choose
Gas stoves have built-in nozzles designed for constant gas pressure, while the pressure in the cylinder decreases with consumption. To normalize combustion, the cylinder is not connected directly to the stove, but through a reducer. LPG reducers are called propane gas reducers and are usually red or metallic color housing.
The main characteristics of the reducer are the outlet pressure and throughput - must be matched to the parameters of a single plate. If it is not possible to set the nominal pressure value, you should purchase an adjustable type reducer and adjust it manually. Also, adjustable reducers are shown directly when using cylinders with a capacity of 20 liters or more, where the pressure drop is more pronounced.
Reverse gearboxes are recommended for domestic propane applications. Due to the low pressure values \u200b\u200bof the liquefied gas and the small difference at the inlet and outlet, the use of multi-stage reducers is economically unreasonable. The only requirement is to use, in conjunction with composite cylinders, the reducers provided for by their technical standard.
A separate nuance in the choice of a reducer may be the temperature mode of operation of cylinders. The fact is that during the evaporation of a liquid gas, an intensive decrease in its temperature is observed. So, if initially the propane-butane mixture is at a temperature of -5 ...- 10 ° C, in the reducer itself, its temperature may drop to the condensation mark, due to which the gas becomes liquid again, and the reducer stops working. One of the ways out of this specific situation is to use gearboxes with a built-in heating system.
What hoses and tubes to use for connections
According to the rules safe operation gas equipment, it is not allowed to use oxygen and hydraulic hoses for laying gas pipelines. This is due to the high temperature difference between the transported gas and external environment, which leads to accelerated degradation of the hose material and the appearance of microscopic leaks. With the properties of liquefied gas to accumulate in rooms, such phenomena pose an increased danger.
There are three options to connect a gas cylinder to a stove. The first is to use special flexible rubber hoses for flammable hydrocarbons. In this case, their connection to the gearbox is carried out through a standard fitting with reinforcement with a screw clamp. The same fitting is installed on the inlet of the gas stove, the hose is also connected to it with a clamp. If it is necessary to connect two pieces of hose, do not use double-sided fittings; instead, use threaded connectors with double shank crimping with clamps. Distinctive feature such connections for gas pipelines are tapered threads and the absence of elastic seals.
The connection of the plate to the cylinder using flexible hoses has a number of limitations. The length of the hose should not exceed 150 cm, and its routing should remain visible for constant monitoring of the condition of the jacket and the absence of damage. Some of the prohibitions can be partially circumvented by using metal bellows hoses. They form a semi-rigid structure, which can have an almost unlimited length, while maintaining resistance to temperature influences and mechanical damage.
At the same time, safety rules prohibit the passage of flexible and semi-flexible channels through walls, where their condition cannot be assessed visually. Link if necessary kitchen stove with a cylinder installed outdoors, the hole in the wall must be on cement mortar a case of steel pipe... Inside the case is a steel tube of a smaller diameter with threads at both ends, the space between the walls is filled with a plastic sealant, for example, polyurethane foam or silicone. The connection of bellows or flexible hoses must only be carried out using suitable threaded adapters.
Cranes and other fittings
At the point where the gas pipeline is connected to the stove, a gas valve must be installed to block the gas supply in the event of a stove malfunction. It can be either ball valve with a yellow flywheel, or a plug gas valve. The disadvantage of the latter is the need for periodic maintenance.
Another useful addition to a gas pipeline can be a flow meter. Its inclusion in the transportation chain will help to timely respond to the exhaustion of the mixture in the cylinder and to replace it. The metering device does not have to have the outstanding accuracy required to control the gas consumption in the main networks; a device worth up to 2 thousand rubles will be enough.
If several cylinders are connected at the same time, a connecting ramp can be used. Its installation helps to reduce the rate of gas evaporation from each cylinder and to make the risk of the mixture freezing in the reducer less likely. Installation of the ramp can be done independently with any material for the manufacture of the gas pipeline.
Modification of the plate for cylinder gas
Not every stove can initially run on liquefied gas. The main obstacle is higher operating pressure, due to which there is a lack of oxygen in the burners, which is expressed in yellow burning and the appearance of soot.
The situation can be rectified by replacing the methane jets with LPG nozzles. They have exactly the same form factor, but the hole diameter is slightly smaller. If you plan to connect a new stove, it will most likely come with a set of nozzles for liquefied gas. If no replacement jets are available, they can be purchased at a reasonable price.
The diameter of the openings in the liquid gas nozzles depends on the pressure in the outgoing chamber of the reducer and the burner power. So, the diameters of 0.43-0.6 mm for a pressure of 50 mbar and 0.5-0.75 for a pressure of 30 mbar are considered standard values \u200b\u200bfor stoves on liquefied gas. Individual board manufacturers may set their own diameters, however, using nozzles with different hole diameters may void the warranty.
Replacement of nozzles can be done in two ways, depending on the plate design. In the simplest version, it is enough to remove the burner body and look inside the landing sleeve. If a nozzle is visible at the bottom - a hex head with a hole in the center - it is unscrewed socket wrench 7 or 8 mm and screw in the replacement nozzle. If a cone with a hole is visible inside, you will have to remove the top panel by unscrewing several bolts on the sides from different sides. The nozzle itself in this design option is not twisted, it is pressed onto the stuffing box seals. It is necessary to unclench the mustache of the crimp sleeve, move the nozzle downward along with the inlet tube, and then pull the nozzle out of the landing nipple and install a new one.
Commissioning the plant
The entire installation of the gas pipeline is carried out without connecting it to the cylinder. When the tubes or hoses are connected to the plate and interconnected, the reducer nut is screwed onto the cylinder valve and tightened. Then, if a flexible hose is used, it is put on the fitting and crimped with a clamp. If bellows tubing is selected, the union must be unscrewed from the gear housing and a threaded adapter of the appropriate size must be screwed into it.
When the unit is assembled, you need to open the valve on the cylinder and, by turning the regulator of the reducer, set the required outlet pressure. Once the gas has entered the tubing and hose system, each connection is thickly coated with a soap and foam solution and checked for leaks. After the integrity of the gas pipeline is confirmed, you can open the stove tap and try to light the burners in sequence.
If each of them smokes or the flame burns in a color other than blue or greenish, it is necessary to reduce the pressure with a valve on the reducer. If the malfunction is typical only for some burners, it means that the jets for them are selected incorrectly. If the burner goes out in the minimum fire position - adjust the low-flow screw on the stove tap or try to slightly increase the pressure with the reducer screw.
Hardly one modern man will be able to imagine his life without a stove. But there are situations when gasification of a house is impractical or impossible. The reasons are different, but the result is the same: people have to use liquefied propane in cylinders. When self-equipping a point, many questions can arise, starting with choosing a place for the device and ending with connecting to an energy source. Mistakes and mistakes made during the installation and connection of the gas stove to the cylinder can lead to irreversible tragic consequences.
Important! Gas equipment that will be used for cooking must be in good working order.
Materials and tools required for work
When connecting a gas cylinder to the stove, you will need:
- 2 clamps;
- a nipple with a spout to connect a hose and internal thread (must be included with the gas appliance);
- the stove is new or old, but in good condition;
- reducer with inlet pressure 30 mbar;
- gas cylinder made of metal-composite, polymer-composite or other special materials with a capacity of 5–50 liters;
- a rubber or rubber-resin connecting hose that can maintain room temperature and does not heat up above 30 degrees;
- sealing tape;
- special gas wrench.
Important! To connect the gas model of the stove, you need to use only keys with a brass or copper coating, which will not knock out a spark upon impact.
Cylinder gas jets
- ... Purchased at specialized points of sale, it must be designed specifically for gas. Its length must exceed the distance between the connected equipment by 150 cm, as it is forbidden to use it under tension.
Important! Do not use old hoses, as the integrity of their inner surface may be compromised.
Choosing a place to install the cylinder
Before connecting the gas stove to the cylinder, you need to choose the place where the devices will be installed, since the distance between them must be at least 100 cm. The safety instructions prescribe in a room with a connected gas equipment have a window.
When using a shielded cylinder, the distance between it and the plate can be reduced to 50 cm.
- If a container with gas will be in the same room with kitchen appliance, it is advisable to place it in a metal cabinet or make a wooden mount.
- The cylinder can be located in a pantry located behind the kitchen wall. In this case, you will need to make a hole for the hose.
- The best option in terms of safety is to install the cylinder in a special metal box located outside and locked with a lock.
Important! You can place a balloon in an apartment only if the building has no more than 2 floors.