Foam polyethylene. Polyethylene foam insulation: application

Material that NOT conducts electricity NOT allows water to pass through NOT releases harmful chemicals NOT allows heat to escape the premises. Four “not” particles describe the properties of one of the best heat insulators of our time - foamed polyethylene or polyethylene foam (PPE). In order to obtain the material, a lot of experiments were carried out on LDPE (high-density polyethylene) - it was saturated with gases, subjected to diffusion, melted, mixed with additives. The result justified the effort; the result was material that satisfied many requests.

What is foamed polyethylene, types of material, production technologies

Foamed polyethylene is polymer material, obtained by introducing a hydrocarbon gas mixture into the structure of polyethylene, resulting in a porous, plastic and durable polymer with a cellular structure. It is produced in the form of sheets, strands and rolls.

All foamed polyethylene produced today is divided into three types:

1. Unstitched (NPE). The cheapest of the line of foamed polyethylene. Europe launched its production at the end of the last century. The polymer mass melted in the extruder is saturated with gas, usually butane. When poured into a mold, polyethylene enters a zone of atmospheric pressure, gas bubbles try to escape to the surface, and, when solidified, form a cellular structure. Non-crosslinked polyethylene foam is a good heat insulator, but due to its low density and loose, large-porous structure, products made from it are rarely used in construction. The material is mainly used to make packaging.
2. WITH chemically sewn (CSPE). The equipment for the production of foamed polyethylene CPPE is used the same as for non-crosslinked polyethylene, but at the same time the technology includes additional processing hydrogen peroxide. This eliminates all the disadvantages inherent in non-crosslinked polyethylene - the material becomes denser, the cells are smaller, the polymer can restore its original shape after deformation.
3. Cross-linked by physical or radiation method (FPPE). The most expensive of foamed polyethylenes. The cross-linking of polymer molecules occurs due to the flow of electrons emitted by the emitter. Irradiation forms cross-links that strengthen the molecular network of polyethylene foam. The output is an elastic soft fabric with a smooth surface that can withstand pressure up to 0.035 MPa. Physically and chemically cross-linked PE have similar characteristics, but FPPE recovers its shape faster after loading and adheres better to compacted forms. The floor underlay is made of polyethylene foam produced by radiation.

Specifications

The main properties and characteristics of foamed polyethylene are as follows:

• The density of PPE depends on the method of its production and is: for FPPE and HPPE - from 33 kg/m3 to 300-500 kg/m3. Non-crosslinked PPE is much lighter. According to the specifications, its density must be at least 20 kg/m3, but in fact, material with a density of 12-18 kg/m3 is sold.
• Application temperature (at different manufacturers) fluctuates within ± 10 0 C, but on average, the limits of its operating temperatures range from - 60 0 C ... + 75 0 C. In the absence of contact with air, FPPE and HPPE can be used for a short time at temperatures up to +150 0 C (uncrosslinked up to +100 0 C). If you use PPE at temperatures below - 60 0 C, the material becomes brittle, and its residual deformation increases to 35-40%.
• Foamed polyethylene, like all polymers with a closed-porous structure, has a low thermal conductivity coefficient of 0.03-0.38 W/m*K. Foamed polyethylene insulation is second only to polyurethane foam in its heat-saving characteristics.
• Cross-linked and non-cross-linked PPE have different vapor permeability. For uncrosslinked, this figure is within 0.003 mg/m*h*Pa, for crosslinked it is almost three times less - 0.001 mg/m*h*Pa.

Products made of polyethylene foam and their scope

• Foil polyethylene foam— sold in rolls 1.0-1.2 meters wide. It is insulation made of chemically cross-linked polyethylene foam, covered with polished aluminum foil. Used for thermal insulation of walls, industrial equipment, engineering systems. The most popular modifications: “A” (foil on one side), “B” (double-sided foil), “C” (one side is foil, the other is adhesive coating), "ALP" (one-sided foil with protective film), "Penofol" (foamed polyethylene with perforated foil coating) .

• Pipe shells They are pipe shells with a clearly defined internal diameter. They can be produced with a ready-made technological cut along the entire length (for mounted pipes) or without a cut. Shells for pipes running outdoors are made with a protective polymer coating. Used as thermal insulation for utility hot water supply systems and air conditioning systems. Available with an outer diameter of 6-114 mm, foam thickness of polyethylene 6-25 mm.

• Compensation mats - used as shock-absorbing thermal insulation in places where hot water pipelines turn, for heat and sound insulation of walls, partitions, and floors. Mats are obtained by gluing panels of foamed polyethylene. The process occurs when high temperatures ah, so the body of the damping mat is an inextricable structure that is resistant to external damage. Compensation mats made of foamed polyethylene are supplied in sheets, the standard size is 1x2 m, thickness from 10 to 100 mm.

• Harnesses— a cylindrical seal made of foamed polyethylene, products with an outer diameter of Ø 6-120 mm are produced. 1. Bundles Ø 6-12 mm are placed in expansion joints concrete floors. Ø 12-20 mm seal the gaps between the wall and door or window frames. Well, the largest bundles in the range, Ø 20-60 mm, are used to fill joints in the walls of panel houses.

• Substrate— made from physically and chemically cross-linked PPE. Available in rolls up to 3 meters wide and 2-5 mm thick. A polyethylene foam backing is used as a backing layer between the screed and the laminate.

• Packaging polyethylene foam. Packaging usually uses uncrosslinked polyethylene foam in the form of rolls and bags of different sizes and thicknesses (0.5-20 mm). But there are also containers made to order - various inserts, protective corners. Polyethylene foam bags - the most popular type of packaging. They do not allow water to pass through, are durable, absorb shock and reduce vibration of the cargo during transportation. To make the bag more durable and improve its heat-insulating properties, it is covered on top with metallized polypropylene or regular film, nylon, or kraft paper. Packaging material made of polyethylene foam is used for transporting electrical equipment, furniture, dishes, and shoes.

Advantages and disadvantages

About the advantages of the material:

• Like all foamed polymers, PPE has a low thermal conductivity coefficient - 0.035 W/(m deg).
• The material has good shock-absorbing properties. Foamed polyethylene is used to make: packaging (density 25-33 kg/m3), flooring (density 300 kg/m3), gaskets for equipment (300-500 kg/m3).
• Foamed polyethylene has dielectric properties, so self-extinguishing PPE is used to make electrical insulation high frequency cables. The dielectric constant of PPE is in the range of 1.4…1.5 (water - 81, vacuum - 1).
• PPE is an inert material that does not enter into chemical reactions.
• It is also a lightweight and waterproof material; insects and mice do not eat it. And most importantly, it is inexpensive.

It also has disadvantages:

• Foil-coated PPE will work as thermal insulation only if there is at least 2-3 cm of air space in front of the foil layer.
• Above 100 0 C, the material begins to melt and then burn. It can only be used in rooms with a high specific fire load.

Safety of polyethylene foam

Polyethylene is one of the most stable compounds on the planet. Polyethylene granules, which are used to make thermal insulation, are used to make canisters and bottles for water, packaging for food products, water pipes.

At the household level, if used within the operating temperature range, polyethylene foam is harmless. PPE is dangerous when heated above 110-120 0 C.

When burned, it releases acetic acid, formaldehyde, and carbon monoxide.

The decay period of the material is about 200 years. This, on the one hand, makes it one of the most durable materials (which is good). But on the other hand, polyethylene, like plastic, is a real disaster for the earth’s ecology, since a large amount of foamed polyethylene waste accumulates.

Main brands on the modern market

Manufacturers of domestic foamed polyethylene: Tepofol, Vilaterm, Isolon, Energoflex (ROLS ISOMARKET), Thermaflex, Polyfom, Penofol, Porilex.

European and American producers of foamed polyethylene: DOW, Sealed Air, Pactiv, TROCELLEN, EPE Corporation Group, Alveo.

Every year, up to 185 thousand tons of foamed polyethylene foam are produced around the world. This is a lot. Despite the fact that this market is considered relatively young, the pace of PPE production has already outpaced the production of film, the largest segment of LDPE polyethylene. It is expected that the growth in consumption of this thermal insulator will continue to grow due to the displacement of more expensive substitutes and the use of foamed polyethylene in areas where it was not previously used - in electrical engineering, travel equipment, etc.

Winter temperatures are overwhelmingly Russian regions they leave practically no chance for pipelines to remain intact without reliable thermal insulation. Insulation for pipes made of foamed polyethylene is an excellent way to protect utility lines from low temperatures, and when used on heating mains, prevent unnecessary heat loss.

This material is inexpensive, easy to install, lightweight, produced in a wide variety of sizes, has whole line other important advantages. It makes sense to get to know him better - he will definitely find a use in any household.

Areas of application of polyethylene foam insulation

Foamed polyethylene for pipes is widely used for sewer pipes and pipes laid underground, across the street or passing through insufficiently well-heated rooms. The presence of insulation guarantees that the transported coolant, water or sewage will not freeze in winter at sub-zero temperatures.

Due to the fact that all pipes produced for household utilities are made of materials with high thermal conductivity, such as steel, fiberglass and polymers, their freezing occurs quite quickly. Therefore, their insulation is simply necessary.

When a liquid in uninsulated pipes freezes and turns into a solid state of aggregation, it is not only capable of creating a plug in the channel that will slow down or completely stop the flow. Everything could be much worse - the expansion of ice has such a “power” potential that even thick metal walls cannot withstand it - they crack or burst.

Most accidents on central pipelines occur precisely because of insufficient thermal insulation. Therefore, taking into account other people’s mistakes, you should not save on this material, so as not to pay a much larger amount to restore damaged or even completely failed systems.

Highways laid in trenches dug in the ground are usually installed below the freezing level of the soil. However, hot water supply and heating pipelines carried out in this way also require effective thermal insulation, which will prevent heat loss from the transported coolant or hot water, which allows them to maintain their temperature as much as possible at all stages of delivery to the consumer. For the same purposes and in a similar way, the supply and return pipes in the boiler room are insulated if it is located in a separate unheated room, as well as in areas where they pass through other “cold” rooms.

Almost all materials used for thermal insulation also have sound-proofing qualities, so they are often used to suppress the noise produced by water passing through pipes in residential premises.

Insulation is also required for pipes of air conditioning and cold water supply systems. In these cases, it is intended to prevent excessive formation of condensation, which may appear due to temperature changes between pipes and air, which will inevitably lead to premature wear of the system or destruction of connecting nodes. Thermal insulation material neutralizes this phenomenon, extending the life of trouble-free operation of not only the pipes themselves, but also the devices to which they are connected.

Basic requirements for thermal insulation materials for pipes

In order for the insulation to be effective and the money for its purchase not to be spent in vain, thermal insulation material must meet some requirements:

• Low thermal conductivity insulation - the lower this indicator, the thinner the layer of material required. This factor becomes important in cases where it is necessary to insulate an already installed pipeline, or there is a need to save on this purchase.
• Hydrophobicity of the heat insulator. This quality should not be underestimated, since the insulation must not only protect the pipeline from freezing, but also from moisture, so that the metal is not subject to corrosive destruction. In addition, if the insulating material becomes moistened, its thermal insulation capabilities will begin to sharply decrease.
• Resistance to mechanical and atmospheric influences- these qualities are necessary both for those passing along the street and for those buried in the ground.
• Heat resistance of the material- a property that is especially necessary for pipelines of heating and hot water supply systems. That is, the material should not “float” when heated around 100 degrees and should not become brittle in the cold.

Foamed polyethylene has all these qualities.

What is polyethylene foam?

General concepts about polyethylene foam

Any foamed polyethylene, be it insulation for floors, walls or other surfaces of the house or heat insulator for pipes, is made using the same technology, however, the material can have different densities and thicknesses. Insulation for pipes, unlike those produced for smooth surfaces, are manufactured in the form of cylinders of different diameters, which greatly facilitates their installation.

The production technology of this material consists of foaming the polyethylene melt with hydrocarbons, resulting in an elastic elastic fabric that has a bubble structure with closed cells. During the foaming process, under the influence of high temperatures, polyethylene increases in size almost 20 times, and then the finished mixture, after cooling, is passed through an extruder, where it is given a certain shape.

Polyethylene foam is produced in the form of sheets, rolled into rolls, shells (cylinders) and bundles. The material is divided into two types according to the manufacturing method - cross-linked and non-cross-linked.

• Unstitched materials are designated as NPE and are obtained by foaming polyethylene with a mixture of propane-butane or approved freons. Under pressure in the extruder, the raw material is melted and mixed with a reagent (propane-butane mixture). At the exit from the extruder, the pressure decreases, the gas expands the polyethylene, resulting in gas-filled bubbles. At the exit from the apparatus, the finished material cools and hardens, maintaining the shape given to it by the extruder nozzles.

This type of material differs from cross-linked material in its lower density and strength, and less pronounced resistance to aggressive chemical influences. By appearance it can be identified by larger cells, and when compressed, the material makes a cracking sound and no longer takes its original shape.

• Cross-linked polyethylene foams (PE-X) obtained in two ways - radiation and chemical. Such materials are called cross-linked because under a certain external influence, cross-links are formed in polyethylene molecules, in addition to their characteristic linear chains - this is “cross-linking”.

Chemical method the formation of cross-linked material occurs under high pressure. Polyethylene with the addition of antioxidants and a reaction initiator undergoes melting under the influence of high temperatures. Then, in the molten state, the raw materials are “crosslinked”. The initiators of the formation of cross-links disintegrate at high temperatures, and radicals appear that take away one hydrogen atom from polyethylene. As a result, unsaturated carbon radicals are formed in their place, which combine to form a spatial structure.

Radiation method cross-linking of macromolecules is carried out under the influence of directed energy beams.

Cross-linked polyethylenes are more durable, elastic and have high density. After applying and removing a deforming load, the compressed material quickly returns to its original state. This property of cross-linked polyethylene - the presence of a kind of “memory” of the original volume or linear size, is widely used in many areas of the economy.

Thermal insulation for pipes is produced in the form of cylinders, usually up to 2000 mm in length, or tubes sold in coils, and the diameter and wall thickness vary. For example, the thickness can be 6, 9, 13, 20 and 32 mm, and inner diameter cylinders intended for domestic needs - from 6 to 200 mm; for industrial use, the figures can be higher.

In order for the thermal insulation to “work” properly, the internal diameter of the polyethylene cylinders must correspond to the external diameter of the insulated pipes. Therefore, manufacturers, knowing this, produce products with standard parameters, focusing on the produced range of water and sewer pipes. Insulating cylinders along their entire length have an even cut, often also equipped with an adhesive layer, which allows them to be installed on an already mounted one without resorting to dismantling.

To insulate pipelines that are directly exposed to ultraviolet rays, polyethylene foam tubes are produced with a special polymer colored coating that provides necessary protection heat insulator.

Cylinders for pipe insulation can also have a foil coating, which prevents the material from overheating or overcooling.

It should be noted that, if necessary, insulate complex designs pipelines or pipes large diameter, you can also use roll material. They wrap water pipes of any diameter in one or several layers and fasten them with special tape.

In addition to heat insulators for pipes, we also produce sleeves for cable systems. This type of material has a fine-cell structure, so it can also serve as a waterproofing agent, which makes the material almost universal. It is especially important to use this type of insulation for overhead cable lines, which are influenced by various natural factors year-round - temperature changes, moisture, ultraviolet rays, ice, wind, etc.

Prices for polyethylene foam

polyethylene foam

Main technical and operational characteristics of foamed polyethylene insulation

The assortment of construction stores includes pipe insulation made from different materials– these are mineral wool, polystyrene foam, polyurethane foam and polyethylene foam. In terms of affordability and thermal insulation efficiency, polyethylene foam appears to be the leader.

The characteristics of foamed polyethylene from different manufacturers may vary somewhat, but their average indicators can be estimated:

• For example, a parameter such as density can be 20÷45 for non-crosslinked polyethylene foam, and 25÷200 kg/m³ for crosslinked polyethylene foam.
• The thermal conductivity coefficient is usually in the range from 0.037 to a maximum of 0.040 W/m×°K, that is, at the level of most modern high-quality insulation materials.
• The flammability group, according to GOST 30244-94, can be G2-G4 for uncrosslinked material, and G1-G4 for crosslinked material. If thermal insulation of open pipelines is being carried out, that is, those that will not be buried in the ground, then it is recommended to choose insulation with G1÷G2, which means low-flammability and self-extinguishing.
• The moisture absorption of foamed polyethylene is 0.2% for uncrosslinked polyethylene, and 0.9÷1.1% by volume for crosslinked polyethylene.
• The vapor permeability coefficient is the same for both types of insulation - 1.8 mg/m × h × Pa.
• The service life for NPE is 25 years, and for PPE – 80÷100 years.
• The ability to maintain shape: for NPE - medium or low, for PPE - pronouncedly high.
• Sound absorption is 16 dB.
• Dynamic modulus of elasticity – 0.78 MPa.
• The operating temperature range of the material is from -60 to +90 degrees. If the temperature exceeds the set threshold, the material may deform. That is, it cannot be used for steam heating systems.

Ignition temperature of high-quality polyethylene foam at direct influence fire is 300 degrees, and when burning the material does not emit toxic substances that negatively affect human health, as it breaks down into carbon dioxide CO 2 and water H 2 O.

Advantages and disadvantages of polyethylene foam insulation for pipes

Compared to other pipe insulation, polyethylene cylindrical bundles have a number of significant advantages, which include their following qualities:

• The thermal conductivity coefficient is not higher, and often even lower, than that of other thermal insulators, which makes it possible to reliably protect the pipeline from the most severe frosts– it is enough to choose the right thickness and density of the insulation.
• Safety for humans and the environment. Polyethylene foam does not emit harmful substances human body toxic substances even when exposed to high temperatures. This quality does not limit the use of this material in children's and medical institutions, on production lines Food Industry and in other similar areas.
• Chemical resistance. The material is inert to various building solutions, alkaline and acidic environments, so it can be safely used for thermal insulation of pipes laid in the ground or passing through the foundation.
• The moisture resistance of the insulation also allows it to be used when pipelines are buried.
• Resistance to biological influences. No microorganisms take root in polyethylene foam, which guarantees its safety from decomposition.
• The high level of sound absorption makes it possible to make the water supply system of a private home almost silent.
• The ability to recover after compression helps maintain the shape of the cylinder, as well as its thermal insulation qualities after such deforming influences.
• Resistance to low temperatures. The material does not lose its elasticity and resilience even at a temperature of -60 degrees.
• The affordable cost of the material allows it to be used for insulating the pipeline along its entire length. Polyethylene foam will cost almost half as much as insulation made from polystyrene foam, mineral wool or polyurethane foam.
• Convenient and simple installation of the material. No pipe insulation required special tools and assistants. Work without special effort can be produced independently.

If you plan to use this material for insulation, then you need to know not only about its positive qualities, but also about the shortcomings. Although there are not very many of them, they can be significant.

• Increased flammability. The material is strictly prohibited from being used in premises that are subject to particularly high requirements for fire safety. Although high-quality polyethylene foam is a moderately flammable material, it is, however, unable to withstand fire for a long time and can ignite, and in addition, it supports combustion and, in a molten fluid form, can itself become a flame spreader.

• UV instability. If you plan to use polyethylene foam to insulate pipes running along the street, then you should choose products with protective coating, otherwise, under the influence of sunlight, the material will begin to lose its qualities.
• Low mechanical strength. Foamed polyethylene can be easily damaged by sharp objects, and minor damage can cause such a rupture to spread further along the pipe. Therefore, if a small accidental damage occurs, it must be immediately sealed with special tape.

Features of pipe insulation work

Polyethylene foam thermal insulation is quite simply installed on a pipeline of any complexity. As a rule, this process is carried out after the installation of the system pipes is completed, since the insulation will interfere with the joining. For this purpose, many manufacturers provide cuts on the insulating cylinders. However, solid insulation is also sold; it is easy to cut it along the entire length yourself using a regular stationery knife with a replaceable blade. A self-cut cylinder placed on a pipe will have to be fixed in one place, secured on top with pipe tape.

Before installing the heat insulator on the pipeline, you will need to carry out simple preparatory measures:

• The surface of the pipe must be cleaned of mortar and dirt, since the insulation must adhere tightly to it.
• When insulating metal pipes, they are first cleaned of rust.

When preparatory work are completed, you can begin installing thermal insulation. For gluing foamed polyethylene along the cut, as well as at the beginning and end of the sleeve to the pipe, the following brands of glue are used: “QUIK-BOND”, “88-NP”, “Akrol contact”, “Neoprene 2136”.

"Neoprene 2136" is produced in the form of a spray, so working with it is very careful and quick. The joints between two separate insulating sleeves are additionally secured with tape, which was mentioned above.

However, it should be noted that gluing thermal insulation with glue along its entire length is not done so often, usually only in cases where a pipeline running along the street is insulated.

Usually enough simple connection its edges and fixing it with tape, the main thing is that the inner diameter of the sleeves is ideally matched to the size of the pipe. Well, if the end edge has a self-adhesive coating, then everything is generally simplified - the protective film is removed, and then the cut is securely glued along the entire length.

When using glue, the joint after joining the edges can be secured with staples in increments of approximately 200 mm until the glue dries (time indicated on the package). Then the staples are removed and the seam is taped. The next sleeve is mounted in the same way.

Video: animated instructions for installing insulation for Thermaflex pipes

Prices for thermal insulation for pipes

thermal insulation for pipes

Manufacturers of heat insulators for pipes

Construction stores offer insulation materials mainly for pipes domestic producers, but it should be noted that Russian products are of very decent high quality and more affordable price than imported products, so there is little point in chasing after some brands.

Thus, the most popular manufacturers of these materials were the companies Energoflex and Termocom. The first company produces insulation materials that contain waterproofing additives, while the second company pays more attention to ensuring the safety of pipes. Energoflex products differ from other heat insulators in that freon is used in their production, while other manufacturers produce polyethylene foam using a propane-butane mixture. Due to freon, the material acquires higher resistance to water vapor.

The cost of polyethylene foam insulation varies depending on its density, thickness and diameter, as well as on the method of its manufacture. It is clear that the range of prices, based on what has been said, is very large - from 10 to 200 rubles per linear meter.

In conclusion, it must be added that the insulation for pipes made of foamed polyethylene will be ideal solution, if it is used under operating conditions acceptable to it, that is, not requiring increased fire safety measures. In the other cases listed above, the material will last for many years, without deformation or reduction in thermal insulation qualities.

Video: thermal insulation of a complex pipeline section with Energoflex insulation sleeves

When you mention polyethylene, most people will shrug their shoulders in bewilderment and remember the already familiar bags, both for groceries and for other purposes. With the phrase " foamed polyethylene» many people immediately remember the packaging household appliances and electrical appliances with bubbles that can be crushed and cracked.

However, foamed polyethylene, or, as it is also called, polyethylene foam, is not only packaging, but also a full-fledged polymer and building material with very wide possibilities for use.

Description and properties

This material is divided directly according to its structure into two main, main varieties:

• NPE or simply - unstitched;
• X(F)PPE, simply stitched.

A non-crosslinked type of material is a material produced using an extruder from solid polymer products and butane and propane gases. This variety is a linear chain of molecules without the presence of intermediate bonds, so it easily wrinkles, crumples and does not straighten after the cessation of mechanical action.

The cross-linked type of material is in turn divided into two large types:

• with physical “firmware”, denoted by the abbreviation FPPE;
• with chemical “firmware”, sometimes designated by the abbreviation KhPPE.

The main difference between this type and the first from the point of view of any chemist-technologist is that the molecules have not only a linear, but also a cross-link, that is, they are “wired” with each other.

The difference between physical and chemical cross-linking methods is that in the first case, the establishment of cross-links occurs due to the action of electrons, and in the second - chemical reagents, namely free radicals.

The cross-linked material has noticeable external differences - it has smaller bubbles, that is, cells, it is much denser and holds its shape much better.

Cross-linked and non-cross-linked types of material also differ in their properties - the cross-linked type is characterized by low thermal conductivity, it is vapor-proof, easily compressible and returns to its original shape, and also perfectly absorbs sound, for example, music, or any noise. Unstitched, accordingly, has lower performance, but also has a number of unique advantages.

Properties common to both types of material that characterize them include:

• absolute water resistance;
• resistance to the activity of any microorganisms;
• resistance to alkaline and other chemical influences;
• lack of any interaction with environment;
• ease of installation in any area of ​​application of the material.

A cross-linked type of material is more expensive than a non-cross-linked one, therefore, when planning to use it, it is worth considering whether polyethylene with “cross-linking” is really necessary or whether a more economical, non-stitched option will suffice.

Both types of material are covered with foil; commercially this type is called “ foamed polyethylene foil" Aluminum foil is welded to polyethylene using a thermal welding procedure, and its surface, outer layer is polished.

The use of foil not only increases such an indicator as thickness of foamed polyethylene, but also significantly enhances it characteristic properties:

• thermal insulation increases to 97% compared to the base;
• vapor barrier also increases significantly, due to the elimination of condensation formation;
• there is practically no effect on sound insulation, although the describing instructions allow for the effect of “reflection” of sound.

The main advantage of combining the material with foil is to increase thermal insulation, for example, only a layer of 10 mm polyethylene foam insulation retains the same amount of heat as brick (red brick) masonry 15-20 cm thick.

Foamed polyethylene thermoflex with foil is available in the following types:

• one-sided, this type of material is glued to the insulation item or wrapped around it, with a layer of foil facing out;
• double sided, ideal for interior spaces and partitions, polyethylene foam insulation“wrapped” in foil on both sides, it performs its functions equally, regardless of changes in the direction of heat flows, sound waves or noise;
• single-sided with an adhesive base, this is an “improved” single-sided type, the only difference is that you do not need to purchase glue for it;
• single-sided with film lamination, the same one-sided, but the foil layer is reinforced with a film sheet that reliably protects it from mechanical damage;
• with forced perforation is an attempt to combine the qualities of a complete insulator and a “breathing” material, reviews about it are extremely contradictory, but this particular type foamed polyethylene for pipes heating and plumbing are best suited.

Also, it should be mentioned that installation of this material- the simplest of all installation works for insulation and insulation of premises, the material weighs very little, and for gluing with foam polyethylene sheet premises One pair of hands is enough.

What is made from it?

From this material. In addition to its use in construction, industrial production of a number of finished products has been established, the most famous of which are polyethylene foam tubes, that is, ready-made “coats” for pipes of various diameters.

Also, foamed polyethylene pipes are also produced in the form of elastic sheets - they are used when laying highways or any other systems with very large or non-standard pipe diameters.

In addition, the so-called polyethylene foam bundles, which are used as insulators inside air conditioners, climate control systems and other similar devices.

Very popular among builders polyethylene foam mats, that is, quite thick, reinforced rectangular slabs consisting of several layers of material.

IN household use such a product is not usually used, but in the professional construction of individual housing, for example, cottage villages or small residential complexes, this product is in great demand.

Application

Although installation work with this material is characterized by increased simplicity, ease and does not require any special skills at all, there are still a number of requirements for this process:

• before you begin installation, simply gluing the insulating polyethylene material to the surface, it should be thoroughly cleaned, all damage, if any, should be repaired and thoroughly primed, in at least two layers;
• the material is laid on a wall well coated with glue, or by leaning the “built-in” adhesive layer against the surface, while additionally securing it with staples or “fungi” dowels;
• On top of the insulation layer, if necessary or desired, you can mount a frame on which to later attach either a base for a “living” wall or ready-made finishing panels. Or anything else;
• a layer of foil is always laid this way - when gluing externally - outwards, that is, “outside”, to reflect the cold, and when indoor installation– inside to prevent heat loss;
• The joints of the material must be well glued, avoiding the appearance of gaps or cracks; for maximum reliability, they should be additionally glued with metallized construction tape for insulation.

When wrapping pipes yourself in a “fur coat” of polyethylene insulating layer, there is also nothing complicated. On finished heat-insulating cylinders there is a line of punched holes, which is often mistaken for perforation.

However, the perforations on the material are applied in the form of “punctures”, and the dividing line is in the form of a dotted line. Along this dotted line, the “body” of the cylinder is cut, after which it is put on the pipe, and the joint is glued.

A prerequisite is that the pipe is clean and dry when installing the insulator; it is not forbidden to coat the insulated pipe with glue. For metal pipes, you will need to pre-treat them with anti-corrosion compounds and anti-rust agents.

Price of foamed polyethylene

Price of foamed polyethylene, like any other material or product, consists of a number of factors, in this particular case, such as technical characteristics, the presence or absence of a reinforcing foil layer complementing polyethylene, the release form and, of course, the reputation of the manufacturer.

For example, the cost of “stitched” reinforced mineral wool mats of the MP-100 type, used in professional construction, in an additional lining with fiberglass, with standard sizes– 2000X1000 mm, will start from 3,650 rubles per package.

Strands of foamed polyethylene with a solid cross-section and thickness from 6 mm to 80 mm start in store windows from 13 rubles per linear meter.

The cost of the most popular for independent work type of this material, that is, rolled polyethylene with a metallized layer and a protective film, with a width of 1.2 m, a thickness of 2 to 20 mm, starts from 760 rubles per roll. If there is a layer of foil on both sides, then the cost of the roll starts from 1080 rubles, and if there is an adhesive base - from 920 rubles.

Among the manufacturers of this material, Russian production has proven itself well, such as:

• JSC Nelidovsky Plastics Plant (NZPM);
• "Polifas" - plant polymer technologies in St. Petersburg;
• Sibir-Upak is the largest complex of enterprises in Novosibirsk producing construction materials.

The market leaders in the field of these materials are the world's largest manufacturers, such as:

• "Thermaflex";
• "Gemafon".

These names on the packaging of the material always mean very high quality products and their maximum characteristics.

In addition to construction, a material such as foamed polyethylene is an ideal solution for insulating country houses, especially panel houses, which have massively filled the plots of city residents due to its low cost and speed of installation.

However, every summer resident knows that actually spending the night in such a structure is very problematic because of the cold, and returning to such a structure in the fall after going for mushrooms is also useless, except to quickly change clothes.

Using a couple of the most inexpensive rolls of polyethylene insulation will completely solve this problem and make an almost useless building warm, comfortable and very cozy. This material can also be used in garages or sheds, and in absolutely any buildings.

Ease of installation and inexpensive price, combined with an almost eternal service life, make this material very attractive for use for completely different purposes and by different segments of the population.

Today we will help you understand the types and scope of application of foamed polyethylene. This modern material with a bubble structure. It is lightweight, does not allow water and steam to pass through, has good thermal insulation and noise absorption. Another advantage of this material is that it is very elastic. It is most widely used as insulation for pipes made of foamed polyethylene, a substrate for laminate flooring and insulation that reflects IR rays. In addition to the above, damper tapes are made from this material, without which the screed cannot be poured.

Types of foamed polyethylene insulation

Jackets for polyethylene pipes.

Polyethylene foam insulation is available in sheets, long rolls and shells. The raw material for these materials is cross-linked or non-cross-linked polyethylene. Cross-linking is an increase in bonds in the molecular structure of a material, as a result of which it becomes denser and stronger. There are two types of increase in intermolecular bonds (cross-linking):

• chemical - using reagents;
• mechanical - through the flow of electrons.

Products made using cross-linking technology have a closed-cell structure with small bubbles. Non-crosslinked polyethylene is produced by saturating the liquid mass with air. In this case it turns out less durable material with a lower density, since the air bubbles are much larger.

Types of materials based on this material:

• insulation for pipes made of foamed polyethylene;
• foamed polyethylene foil insulation;
• thermal insulation based on foamed polyethylene under the laminate;
• mats;
• rolls;
• tourniquet

Material characteristics:

• thermal conductivity – up to 0.4 W/m*K;
• density – from 25 to 40 kg/m. cube;
• water permeability – no more than 1.9% per day;
• vapor permeability – 0.001 mg/m*h*Pa;
• operating temperature – from -65 to 85 degrees;
• sound absorption – up to 18 dB.

Penofol production method.

Thermal insulation for pipes made of foamed polyethylene is produced in two-meter sections with a nominal diameter from 12 to 114 mm and a wall thickness from 6 to 20 mm. It is used both for cold pipes and sewers, and for high-temperature heating systems. The color of products can be different, but the most common is gray. There is a cut along the sections of thermal insulation for foamed polyethylene pipes so that the cover can be put on. Applied to the edge of the cut self-adhesive film, thanks to which the cover is securely closed after installation.

In addition to the thermal insulation function, this material compensates for the linear and volumetric thermal expansion of pipes. This is relevant when . In addition, when laying pipes underground, this polymer acts as a protective layer from moisture, since due to its structure it does not allow water to pass through.

Relatively new insulation“Foiled polyethylene foam” is insulation that reflects IR rays, where a foil layer is applied to a polyethylene base. It reflects thermal radiation, just as an ordinary mirror reflects light. The operating principle of this material cannot but affect the method of its installation. The material is popularly called “Penofol” - in honor of the manufacturer of the same name. Penofol happens:

• with one-sided foil;
• with double-sided foil;
• with a glossy surface;
• with corrugated surface;
• with self-adhesive surface;
• with additional lamination.

Insulation with polyethylene film with a foamed structure is used when laying laminate flooring. Such material can be from 1 to 60 mm thick, but linings of 2–3 mm are mainly used.

They are sold in rolls one meter wide. They are laid end-to-end under the laminate and sealed with tape. The lining not only insulates the floor, but also absorbs noise and vibration. It has a significant defect - it loses its original thickness during operation, and, accordingly, its characteristics.

Compactor made of foamed polyethylene in mats and rolls can be combined into one group, since they differ only in size. That is, if the roll is divided into segments, you get mats. This material comes in thicknesses from 10 to 100 mm. They can be used to insulate walls and ceilings, and also be used as a damper when laying underground communications. In addition, it is used as a heat-insulating layer for plumbing and heating systems. It is advisable to use pipe insulation with foamed polyethylene in rolls only for pipelines with a large cross-section, more than 114 mm.

The last one on our list is a tourniquet. In appearance, this is an ordinary rope, only thick, which is used to seal cracks in windows or door frames. For the same purposes, there is foamed polyethylene in narrow rolls with an adhesive backing. This solution is appropriate if you have old-style windows without seals.

Application of insulation for pipes made of foamed polyethylene

Possible wall thickness options for pipe insulation jackets.

As we said earlier, polyethylene pipe insulation is used for:

• circuit wiring in the wall;
• circuit layouts in the floor screed;
• insulation of the circuit in unheated rooms;
• underground laying of communications.

Any materials that are used to make pipes tend to increase in length and volume when heated, only the degree of expansion differs. So, , which are used most often, have the highest expansion coefficient. Modern tendencies are such that everyone strives to hide communications in the walls or floor. If you do not use damper covers, the pipe walls will simply burst during expansion. We talked about this in one of our previous articles.

Large diameter pipes are insulated with mineral wool.

IN big houses a separate room is allocated for the boiler room, usually in the basement. There are no batteries in the boiler room and the temperature there is lower than in heated rooms. To prevent the coolant from losing temperature, pipe thermal insulation made of foamed polyethylene is used. Thanks to this, the efficiency of the boiler increases and the cost of heating the house decreases. The same situation occurs when the circuit passes through an unheated attic. This scenario is possible if:

• in the house ;
• The house has an open gravity heating system with .

The polyethylene seal gives the same effect when laying pipes underground. If there is no thermal insulation, the water supply, heating or sewerage circuit may simply freeze. It should be taken into account that underground communications are subject to a high load, since they are buried to a depth of soil freezing - at least a meter. In addition to the earth, everything that is on it also presses: people, cars, outbuildings, etc. Therefore, communications are protected with solid sleeves; they are perfect for this purpose. sewer pipes with a large nominal bore.

Application of foil-foamed polyethylene foam

Pay attention to the markings - they are needed for laying heated floors.

Wall insulation with polyethylene foam with an aluminum reflective surface is used only for the construction of internal barriers. We have already talked about this in more detail earlier. Basic moments:

• the insulation is applied with an aluminum film to the heat source (inside the room);
• penofol is laid end to end;
• joints are glued with aluminum tape;
• There must be a ventilation gap between the aluminum film and the outer finish.

A buffer air zone in front of the aluminum foil is necessary so that the insulation based on foamed polyethylene fulfills its main task - repelling heat rays, and also so that condensation evaporates.

If there is no buffer zone, all the moisture that accumulates on the foam foam will be absorbed into the finish. As a result, the likelihood of mold growing increases significantly. As you know, penofol is not a vapor-permeable material; it does not breathe. In addition to walls, reflective insulation is used when installing underfloor heating systems. She is laid under metal-plastic pipes or an electric cable so that all the heat enters the room.

Polyethylene seal: summing up

What is good about the new insulation - foamed polyethylene? The thermal conductivity characteristics of the material are in no way inferior to foam plastic, but this does not mean that they are interchangeable. You need to understand that to insulate walls, depending on the region, you need a layer of insulation from 5 to 10 cm. Moreover, the material must be as resistant to compression as possible, which foam polyethylene cannot boast of.

Regarding the insulation of pipes with it, there is no more acceptable alternative. Working with special gray covers is convenient and quick; this material is indispensable when walling communications into walls or floor screeds. Penofol (reflective insulation) is somewhat overrated. As an independent insulation, it does not work well, only as an addition to polystyrene foam, its derivatives or mineral wool. Foamed polyethylene almost does not allow steam to pass through, so use it with natural materials not recommended as it negates all their characteristics. For example, if a tree does not breathe, then over time a lot of moisture will accumulate in it, it will turn black and begin to rot.

Despite its recent appearance on the market, polyethylene foam is used in many areas. It is used to make packaging, insulating gaskets and protective material in the automotive industry. But foamed polyethylene is increasingly used to insulate walls and floors, since it does not require thick sheathing and is different minimum thickness, therefore, does not “eat up” space.

In terms of properties, it fully competes with other insulation materials - mineral wool, polystyrene foam, while being more convenient and easy to use.

Foamed polyethylene is made on the basis of ordinary polyethylene with a porous but dense, gas-filled structure by foaming with a mixture of propane. It belongs to the class of thermoplastic polymers (thermoplastics), which are excellent insulators for moisture, heat and noise.

During the production of non-crosslinked polyethylene foam, the gas is displaced and the cavity is filled with an air mass. This type of polyethylene foam is somewhat inferior in quality to cross-linked foam, but is much cheaper.

• Foamed polyethylene has a thickness from 0.5 to 20 mm.
• Operating temperature from -60 to +75. Do not use near hot pipelines.
• Density 25kg/m.
• Vapor permeability 0.003 m*h*Pa.
• Thermal conductivity coefficient is 0.045-0.055 W.
• High heat-saving performance.
• The flammability of polyethylene foam insulation is classified as G1-G2 (low-flammability).

At temperatures above the permissible level (approx. 110° C), polyethylene foam becomes completely unsuitable for use. But even under such conditions, volatile compounds are non-toxic.

Non-crosslinked foam insulation is in great demand due to its relatively low price and good technical characteristics. Its main advantages are:

• Low thermal conductivity, which gives high coefficient thermal insulation.
• Resistance to low temperatures, thanks to which NPE retains all its qualities even at -60.
• Interaction with construction and finishing materials (wood, plaster, concrete, metal).
• Minimum weight.
• Environmental Safety.
• Resistance to the external environment and aggressive components (oils, gasoline, acids, alkalis).
• Strength, durability (up to 100 years of service).
• Immunity to rot, fungi and other harmful microorganisms.
• Sound absorption properties, protection against electromagnetic radiation.
• Moisture resistance.
• Elasticity, ease of installation and transportation.

Disadvantages include sensitivity to ultraviolet light. NPE begins to deteriorate under its influence, so it should be used and stored out of reach of sunlight.

It can also be protected with opaque film or foil, which in turn will enhance heat retention.

Features of NPE

As a sound absorber and insulation, polyethylene foam is very beneficial and convenient due to its strength and ease of installation. This is reliable protection against vibrations, moisture and sounds.

When installing rolled polyethylene foam under parquet, laminate, plasterboard, linoleum, additional thermal insulation of the floor and excellent sound absorption are provided.

Polyethylene foam is used in construction and the automotive industry, and is widely used for the manufacture of various packaging and protective gaskets, due to its ability to quickly absorb shock loads.

Indispensable when transporting fragile items, household appliances and equipment, making sports equipment (backpacks, safety helmets, etc.)

Foamed polyethylene insulation with an adhesive layer is suitable for insulating complex curved surfaces.

Foamed polyethylene foam is produced not only in rolls, but also in slabs, bundles, sheets, and tubular shells. For example, to insulate doors, sealing strands or polyethylene insulation in rolls are used.

Foamed polyethylene is also produced, foil-coated on one or both sides. Its composition, like other types of thermal insulation made of foamed polyethylene, does not contain toxic substances. At the same time, the foil surface effectively reflects heat.

To insulate the door, it is enough to take measurements, prepare the required layer of polyethylene foam and secure it on top with leatherette or leather. In a house, foam thermal insulation can be installed under drywall, which will significantly improve heat retention and level the walls and floor.

On a balcony or loggia, it is more advisable to use polyethylene foam with a protective film against sunlight or foil-coated polyethylene foam. The balcony will thus be reliably protected from moisture and noise, and due to its low weight and volume, its area will not change.

Not every thermal insulator has as many advantages as foamed polyethylene for insulation, and is able to compete with it. The ability to adapt to any given shape without losing its original qualities, environmental friendliness, affordability and other equally attractive properties make it more than interesting for the consumer.