Instructions
for the operation of the automatic system station
water fire extinguishing
1. Procedure for determining the unit operability and external signaling technological equipment with automatic and manual start.
2. Modes of operation of technological equipment in standby mode.
3. The order of action of the duty personnel when taking over duty.
4. Actions of the personnel on duty in case of fire.
5. The order of actions of the personnel on duty upon receipt of a signal about a malfunction of the installation.
1. Procedure for determining performance
installations and external signaling.
1.1. Auto mode
The fire extinguishing installation must operate in automatic mode, while the “Voltage at input No. 1” and “Voltage at input No. 2” lamps should be lit on the YA switchboard located in the fire station, and all other lamps are off. In the control unit (pumping room) on the ShU board, all lamps are off, the control keys for the operation of the main (No. 1) and backup (No. 2) pumps (on the ShN board) must be in the "Automatic" position
1.2. Manual mode
During routine maintenance or at the request of the maintenance service, the installation can be switched to manual mode, while the lamps "Voltage at input No. 1", "Voltage at input No. 2", "Disabling the automation of the working pump" should be lit on the YS switchboard in the fire station, "Disabling the automatic standby pump", in the control unit (pumping room) on the ShN switchboard, the keys to control the operating mode of the main (No. 1) and backup (No. 2) pumps must be in the "Manual" position and the "Disable automatic start of the working pump" lights are on "Disabling the automatic start of the backup pump", all other lamps on the control panel are off.
2. Operating modes of technological equipment
in standby mode.
Control unit (pump station):
Over front door the "Fire extinguishing station" lamp is on
Pressure above the VS-100 valve according to the MP No. 1 manometer - not less than ___ atm.
The pressure in the pneumatic tank is not lower than ___ atm. according to EKM-2
Water level in the pneumatic tank at 1/2 of the sight glass
Gate valves No. 1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8 - open
Gate valves No. 9,10 - closed
Valves No. 1,2 - open
Valves No. No. No. 3.4,5,6,7 - closed
Leaks from the valve, valves should not be
Gate valves, valves and mode control keys must be sealed with seal No. 2 "Rubezh"
3. The order of action of the person on duty
interceding on duty.
The duty officer is obliged:
1. Make a bypass and perform an external inspection of the equipment and check the readings of the devices - "Fire post" (duty personnel), "Control unit (pumping room)", "Protected premises" (duty electrician).
2. Make sure that the light and sound signaling is in accordance with paragraph 1.1 and paragraph 1.2.
3. Make sure that the operating modes of the process equipment are consistent. (electrician on duty)
4. Check the operation of light and sound alarms: (duty personnel)
A) press the button "Testing the light signaling" - all lamps on the YS shield will light up, except for the reserve.
B) press the button "Fire signal testing" - the "Fire" lamp will light up and the roar will go off.
B) press the "Fault signal test" button - the "Fault" lamp will light up and the bell will ring.
5. Make entries in the "Log for monitoring the technical condition of the fire extinguishing installation" readings of the pressure gauge No. 1 and EKM No. 2. (electrician on duty) Perform rounds at 6.00, 12.00, 18.00, 24.00 hours.
4. The order of action of the personnel on duty in case of fire
Automatic sharp
In the event of a fire in the protected area (damage, destruction of the sprinkler), the automation is triggered and irrigates the fire center. On the YS shield it is triggered light signaling: "Fire", and the howler turns on. With a further drop in pressure, EKM No. 2 is triggered and lamps on the YS shield light up: “Pressure drop in the impulse device” and “Malfunction”, “Start of the working pump” and a howler and a bell ring. If the working pump has not created pressure (is faulty), the backup pump (No. 2) is automatically started and the "Start of the backup pump" lamp on the panel lights up. It is necessary to turn off the sound signals on the YS shield by switching the toggle switches.
Handcrafted sharp.
In the event of a fire in the protected area (damage, destruction of the sprinkler), the automation is triggered and irrigates the fire center. A light alarm is triggered on the YS shield: "Fire", and a howler is turned on. It is necessary to turn off the sound signals at the YS switchboard by switching the toggle switches (duty personnel) to call the duty electrician.
The pumps are started from the "Control unit" (pumping room), when the keys for controlling the modes of the pumps (main and backup) on the ShN board are switched to the "Manual" position. Open valve No. 1 under the BC-100 valve. The pump is started by pressing the "Start" button of one of the pumps. (electrician on duty)
After extinguishing the fire.
Transfer the keys for controlling the operating modes of the pumps in the "Control unit" (pumping room) on the ShN switchboard to the "Manual" position, if they were in the "Automatic" position, press the "Stop" buttons of both pumps. Close the valve No. 1 under the BC-100 valve. (electrician on duty).
The system must be restored by representatives of a specialized organization.
5. The order of action of the duty personnel when
receiving a Fault signal.
The "Fault" signal appears in the following cases:
Lack of voltage at one of the inputs;
Disabling automation;
Open circuit of the CDU;
Decrease or absence of pressure in the impulse tank, while at the YS shield
the "Fault" light alarm is triggered and the bell rings.
It is necessary:
1. Turn off the sound alarm and call the duty electrician (duty personnel)
2. Inform the person responsible for the operation of the water fire extinguishing installation, (electrician on duty)
3. Make an entry in the "Log of malfunctions and fire extinguishing operations and fire alarm", (Electrician on duty)
4. Call representatives of the service organization by phone.
Operation procedure and maintenance Automatic fire extinguishing systems (installations) are regulated by GOST, SNiP, PPB, departmental norms and rules, technical operational documentation for installations.
The responsibility for organizing the operation of the AUP is assigned to the managers of the facilities, which are protected by means of fire automation.
For each AUP, an order or order for the enterprise (organization) must be issued, appointing:
- the person responsible for the operation of the installation;
- operational (duty) personnel for round-the-clock monitoring of the operating state of the installations.
For each AFS for the persons responsible for the operation of the installation and for the personnel serving this installation, operating instructions should be developed taking into account the specifics of the protected premises, approved by the management of the enterprise and agreed with the organization that carries out maintenance and R AUP.
The person responsible for the operation of the AFS must promptly inform the local authorities of the GPS about failures and operation of installations.
Operational (duty) personnel must have and fill out the "Installation fault log".
An enterprise that carries out maintenance and repair of AUP must have a license for installation, commissioning, repair and maintenance of equipment and fire protection systems.
It is allowed to carry out maintenance and repair by specialists of the facility with the appropriate qualifications. In this case, the procedure for carrying out maintenance and repair work must comply with the Methodological Recommendations of VNIIPO.
The restoration of the operability of the AUP or APSS after all operation or failure should not exceed:
- for Moscow, St. Petersburg, the administrative centers of autonomous entities as part of Russian Federation - 6 hours;
- for other cities and settlements - 18 hours
Between the operating organization and the enterprise that carries out maintenance and repair, a "Agreement for the maintenance and repair of automatic fire extinguishing installations" must be concluded and valid.
The control room should contain instructions on the procedure for the dispatcher on duty when receiving alarms.
Acceptance of AUP for maintenance and repair should be preceded by an initial inspection of the installation in order to determine its technical condition.
The initial examination of the AUP should be carried out by a commission, which includes a representative of the GPN authorities.
Based on the results of the inspection of the AUP, the "Act of the initial survey of automatic fire extinguishing installations" and the "Act on the work performed on the initial examination of the automatic fire extinguishing installations" should be drawn up.
For the installation accepted at TO and R, after the conclusion of the contract, the following must be filled in:
- passport automatic installation fire extinguishing;
- logbook of registration of works on maintenance and repair of automatic fire extinguishing installations. It should record all maintenance and repair work, including quality control. One copy of this log should be kept by the person responsible for the operation of the installation, the second - in the organization performing maintenance and repair. The log should also indicate the safety briefing of the personnel performing maintenance and repair responsible for the operation of the installation. The pages of the magazine should be numbered, laced and sealed with the seals of organizations serving the AUP and carrying out maintenance;
- maintenance and repair schedule. The procedure for the maintenance and repair of the AUP, as well as the period for eliminating the failure, installations must comply with the Methodological Recommendations of VNIIPO. The list and frequency of maintenance work must comply with the standard maintenance regulations of the AUP;
- technical requirements that determine the parameters of the AUP operability.
The company must have the following technical documentation:
- act of primary examination by AUP;
- act for the work performed on the primary examination of the AUP;
- contract for maintenance and repair;
- schedule of maintenance and repair;
- technical requirements defining the parameters of the AUP performance;
- list technical meansincluded in the AUP and subject to maintenance and repair;
- call log;
- AUP technical inspection act;
- project for AUP;
- passports, certificates for equipment and devices;
- list of mounted equipment, units, instruments and automation equipment;
- passports for charging the cylinders of installations gas fire extinguishing;
- installation operating instructions;
- register of works on maintenance and repair;
- duty schedule of operational (duty) personnel;
- log of the acceptance of duty by operational personnel;
- journal of weighing (control) of cylinders with fire extinguishing composition of gas fire extinguishing installations.
All required documentation on the AUP (or photocopies) must be kept by the person responsible for the operation of the AUP.
During an external examination of the AUP and the premises protected by it, it is necessary to check the compliance with the project:
- characteristics of the protected premises and its combustible load;
- modification of sprinklers for fire extinguishing installations, method of their installation and placement;
- cleanliness of sprinklers;
- pipelines of installations (it is not allowed to use pipelines of fire-extinguishing installations for suspension, attachment, connection of equipment that is not related to AUP);
- light and sound signaling located in the control room;
- telephone communication of the dispatching point with the fire brigade of the enterprise or settlement.
Features of checking fire extinguishing installations
Checking the installations of water and foam fire extinguishing
When inspecting the technical condition of water and foam fire extinguishing installations, it is necessary to be guided by GOST R 50680, GOST R 50800, NPB 88-2001 and the requirements of the VNIIPO Methodological Recommendations.
During the inspection of water and foam fire extinguishing installations, the following should be checked:
1. Condition of sprinklers (in places where there is a danger of mechanical damage, sprinklers should be protected by reliable fences that do not affect the irrigation map and the spread of heat flows).
2. Standard sizes of sprinklers (sprinklers with outlets of the same diameter must be installed within each distribution pipeline (one section)).
3. Maintenance of sprinklers (must be kept clean at all times; during the period and in the protected area renovation works sprinklers should be protected from plaster ingress on them. paints and whitewash; after the completion of the repair of the premises, the protective devices must be removed).
4. Availability of a stock of sprinklers (must be at least 10% for each type of sprinklers from among those mounted on distribution pipelines, for their timely replacement during operation).
5. Protective covering pipelines (in rooms with a chemically active or aggressive environment, they must be protected with acid-resistant paint).
6. The presence of a functional diagram of the piping of control units (each unit must have a functional diagram piping, and on each direction - a plate indicating the operating pressures, protected rooms, mud and number of sprinklers in each section of the system, the position (state) of the locking elements in standby mode).
7. Availability on storage tanks of an emergency supply of water for fire extinguishing purposes with devices that exclude water consumption for other needs.
8. Availability of a reserve stock of the foaming agent (a 100% reserve stock of the foaming agent must be provided).
9. Providing the premises of the pumping station with telephone communication with the dispatch center.
10. Presence at the entrance to the pumping station of the sign "Fire extinguishing station" and a permanently functioning light board with a similar inscription.
11. Presence of clearly and neatly executed piping schemes of the pumping station and a schematic diagram of a fire extinguishing installation posted in the pumping station. All indicating measuring instruments must be labeled with operating pressures and acceptable limits their measurements.
12. Installation test period (testing of water and foam fire extinguishing installations during their operation should be carried out at least once every 5 years).
When operating AUP, it is prohibited:
- install plugs and plugs instead of opened or faulty sprinklers, as well as install sprinklers with a different project documentation, the melting point of the lock;
- store materials at a distance of less than 0.6 m from the sprinklers;
- use pipelines of fire extinguishing installations for suspension or fastening of any equipment;
- connect production or plumbing equipment to the feed pipelines of the fire extinguishing installation;
- to install shut-off valves and flange connections on supply and distribution pipelines;
- use internal fire hydrants installed on the sprinkler network for purposes other than fire extinguishing;
- use compressors for purposes not related to ensuring the operability of the installation.
Features of checking gas fire extinguishing installations
In the process of controlling the UGP during operation, it is necessary:
- conduct an external examination of the unit's components for mechanical damage, dirt, fastening strength, presence of seals;
- check the working position of the shut-off valves in the stimulating network and starting cylinders;
- control the main and backup power supply, check the automatic switching of power supply from the working input to the backup;
- control the amount of OTU by weighing or monitoring pressure (for centralized UGP - the main and reserve amount of OTU, for modular UGP - the number of OTU and the availability of its stock);
- check the operability of the unit components (technological part, electrical part);
- check the operation of the installation in manual (remote) and automatic modes;
- check the availability of metrological verification of instrumentation;
- measure the resistance of protective and working grounding;
- measure the insulation resistance electrical circuits;
- check the availability and validity of the technical examination of the UGP components operating under pressure.
The control and testing of the UGP should be carried out without the release of the fire extinguishing agent according to the methods set forth in GOST R 50969.
The control of the mass (pressure) of the GOS, the control of the gas pressure in the incentive cylinders must be carried out within the terms established by the TD at the UGP, with a note in the journal. Requirements for UGS and propellant gas used when refueling (pumping) UGP should be the same as during the initial refueling.
Fire extinguishing stations must be equipped and maintained in a condition corresponding to design solutions.
If during the operation of the UGP its operation or failure occurred, the UGP must be restored (refueling the UGP, with a propellant gas, replacing modules, pyro cartridges in starting cylinders, switchgearsah, etc.) on time and made appropriate entries in the journal.
In the case of using the UGP from the UGP stock, it must be restored simultaneously with the restoration of the UGP operability.
Features of checking aerosol fire extinguishing installations
When examining objects protected by AUP, it is necessary to monitor compliance with a number of regulatory requirements.
The requirements of the maintenance regulations for the inspected APS must not be lower than the requirements of the "Standard maintenance regulations for aerosol fire extinguishing installations".
If mechanical damage is possible at the installation site of GOA, then they must be fenced.
Places of installation of GOA and their orientation in space must correspond to the project.
GOA must have seals or other devices confirming their integrity.
The combustible load of the room protected by the ADF, its leakage and geometric dimensions must correspond to the project.
There should be no combustible materials on the surface of the GOA and in the zone of exposure to the high-temperature aerosol jet.
Electric wires designed to supply an electrical impulse to the GOA starting device must be laid and protected from thermal and other influences in accordance with the project.
The GOA stock must be appropriate for the project.
There must be a working light and sound alarm in the protected room and in the room of the duty post.
There should be an instruction for the service personnel in the protected area on actions when the aerosol fire extinguishing system is triggered.
Check features modular installations powder fire extinguishing.
The list and frequency of maintenance work is determined in accordance with the regulations drawn up by the MAUPT developer on the basis of the technical documentation for the component parts. The requirements of the maintenance schedule for a specific IAPMT must not be lower than the requirements of the standard maintenance schedule.
|
|
Frequency of maintenance by the enterprise operations department |
Frequency of maintenance by specialized enterprises |
|
External inspection of the system components (pipelines, spray guns, powder modules, compressed gas cylinders, pressure gauges, etc .; electrical part of electrical cabinets, etc.); signaling part alarm control panels, detectors, etc.) for mechanical damage, dirt, fastening strength, etc. |
Daily |
Monthly |
|
Pressure control in modules and starting cylinders |
||
|
Control of the main and standby power supplies, check of automatic power switching from the working input to the standby |
Weekly |
|
|
Quality control of fire extinguishing powder |
In accordance with TD per module |
In accordance with TD per module |
|
Checking the performance of the system components (technological part, electrical part, signaling) |
Monthly |
Monthly |
|
Preventive work |
||
|
System operability check in manual (local, remote) and automatic modes |
At least twice a year |
At least twice a year |
|
Metrological check of instrumentation |
Annually |
Annually |
|
Resistance measurement of protective and working ground |
Bodies of the State Border Service check the presence of entries in the register of maintenance and routine repairs of the MAUPT in accordance with the regulations and check the maintenance of the passport of the pressure vessel (if necessary, according to PB 10-115).
Additionally, representatives of the State Border Service conduct an external examination of the IAPT:
- availability of factory seals;
- the presence of a displacing gas;
- availability of safety devices, according to the documentation for the module;
- the presence of the module marking, as well as the correspondence of the fire extinguishing powder brand to the fire classes in the room;
- the presence of devices from the spontaneous start of MAUPT;
- the state of the linear part of the signaling loop;
- conformity of the laid electrical wiring, installed detectors. devices, boxes, etc. project documentation.
Maintenance of AUP after commissioning should be carried out in the amount and terms established by special schedules, in accordance with technical documentation on its elements, but at least once a quarter.
The fire extinguishing installation after replacing equipment, repairs must undergo 72 hours of control in operating mode (measures should be taken to exclude the supply of OTS).
It is necessary to observe the rules of storage, transportation and disposal of the installation elements specified in the operating documents for these elements.
In the protected premises, there must be instructions on the actions of people working in them in the event of an installation.
During the period of repair work in the protected premisessprinklers (sprinklers, nozzles, thermal locks, fire detectors, elements of a cable stimulating system) must be protected from plaster, paint, whitewash, etc. After finishing the repair of the premises, the devices that provided protection must be removed.
Defective sprinklers and nozzles should be replaced with similar products (for example, from the spare parts kit), while maintaining their orientation in space in accordance with the installation project. It is not allowed to install plugs or plugs instead of faulty sprinklers or nozzles. It is not allowed to obstruct the space in front of the sprinklers (nozzles) with equipment, lighting fixtures etc. During maintenance, it is necessary to periodically flush (purge) pipelines to remove dirt and rust, as well as to test pipelines for strength and tightness.
It is prohibited:
- use pipelines of the installation for suspension or fastening of any equipment;
- connect production equipment and sanitary devices to the feed (distribution) pipelines of the installation, install shut-off valves on them (except as provided for by the project);
- use internal fire hydrants for other purposes than extinguishing fires.
When carrying out restoration work paint coatings of installation elements, the identification colors established by the project should be observed.
When operating the unitvolumetric fire extinguishing type of fire load, dimensions and placement of openings in the protected premises must correspond to the project. Measures should be taken to eliminate technologically unjustified openings, to monitor the performance of door closers, etc. Premises, if necessary, should have serviceable devices (or permanently open openings) to relieve pressure. Changes in the characteristics of the premises that were used as initial data in the design of the AFS (changing the type of fire load, the size and location of permanently open openings, etc.) should be agreed with the AFS developer organization.
Fire postmust be provided with direct telephone communication with the pumping station (gas fire extinguishing station), as well as city telephone communication, serviceable electric lights.
Periodically, the operability of the light and sound signaling about the activation of the fire extinguishing system and its malfunction should be checked. A round-the-clock and constant duty of personnel should be organized at the fire post. The actions of the personnel on duty upon receipt of signals are stipulated by the instructions.
Appendix: Forms of operational documents for automatic fire extinguishing systems (installations)
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RD 34.49.502-96
ORGRES
Chief engineer A.D. Shcherbakov
Approved Department of Science and Technology of RAO "UES of Russia" 17.04.96
Head A.P. BERSENEV
This Instruction sets out the basic requirements for the operation of stationary automatic foam fire-extinguishing installations mounted at energy enterprises.
A schematic diagram of a fire extinguishing installation is presented. The storage conditions for the concentrate of foaming agents and their aqueous solutions are described. The technical requirements for the operation of equipment for fire extinguishing installations as a whole and their individual elements are stated.
The procedure for organizing tests and acceptance into operation of newly installed fire extinguishing installations and the procedure for checking the technical condition of equipment, apparatus and devices of the fire extinguishing installation and the terms of revising the entire installation have been determined.
Typical malfunctions that may arise during the operation of the fire extinguishing installation are described, and recommendations for their elimination are given.
The main safety requirements for the operation of foam fire extinguishing installations are indicated.
The forms of acts of flushing and hydraulic testing of pressure and distribution pipelines of fire extinguishing installations, the form of the log book for the maintenance and repair of the fire extinguishing installation, the form of the act of conducting fire tests are presented.
With the release of this Instruction, the "Instruction for the operation of fire extinguishing installations using air-mechanical foam" (M: SPO Soyuztekhenergo, 1980) is no longer valid.
1. INTRODUCTION
1.1. Air-mechanical foam is the most effective extinguishing agent for extinguishing fires of classes A (burning of solids) and B (burning of liquid substances).
1.2. Foaming agents and fire fighting equipment are used to obtain air-mechanical foam. Depending on the field of application, foaming agents are divided into two classification groups: general and targeted. General purpose foaming agents include: PO-3NP, PO-3AI TEAS. Foam concentrates for targeted purposes include: "Sampo", "Marine", "Potok", "Film-forming", "Foretol", "Universal", POF-9M.
Foam concentrates for targeted purposes differ from general-purpose foam concentrates in a higher fire extinguishing capacity due to the use of secondary additives.
All general and purpose-based foaming agents do not lose their initial physical and chemical properties upon repeated freezing and subsequent gradual thawing.
General-purpose foaming agents are mainly used at energy enterprises.
1.3. To extinguish fires on transformers and reactors, air-mechanical foam of low expansion is used, on fuel oil and oil farms - foam medium expansion.
Low expansion foam is obtained using OPDR foam sprinklers and its modifications.
NKR - concentrated solution pump;
OPDR - foam drencher rosette sprinkler;
ГПС - medium expansion foam generator;
ГПСС - stationary medium expansion foam generator;
Main control board - main control panel;
PU - control panel;
KR - concentrated solution;
PO - foaming agent;
PI - fire detector;
OK - check valve;
MCR - block control panel.
2. GENERAL PROVISIONS
2.1. This Instruction is the main technical document used for the development of local instructions for the operation of specific fire-extinguishing systems with air-mechanical foam installed at power plants.
2.2. The local operating instructions for a specific fire-extinguishing installation with air-mechanical foam are developed by the organization that set up this installation, together with the energy company where it is used. If the adjustment was carried out by a power company, then the instruction is developed by the personnel of this company.
2.3. When developing a local instruction, in addition to this Instruction, it is necessary to take into account the requirements of design and technical documentation for equipment, devices and apparatus that are part of the fire extinguishing installation.
2.4. The local instructions should include the appropriate labor protection requirements and environmental protection measures to ensure the safety of personnel for operation, technical supervision and repair work on a specific fire extinguishing installation.
2.5. The local instructions must be revised at least once every three years and each time after the reconstruction of the foam fire extinguishing installation or in case of a change in operating conditions.
3. SAFETY PRECAUTIONS WHEN OPERATING AUPP
3.1. All rotating parts of the PPT, NKR pumps must be fenced off with protective covers.
Cleaning and wiping of the pumps during their operation is prohibited.
3.2. The electrical equipment of the pumps must be properly grounded.
3.3. Putting the equipment into operation, operations with fittings, taking samples of the concentrated foam concentrate and its solution must be carried out by at least two persons from the service areas.
3.4. When working with foaming agents, precautions should be taken. If the concentrated foaming agent comes into contact with unprotected skin, it will irritate. Exposure to the mucous membrane of the eyes leads to irritation and burns.
Work with foaming agents should be carried out in rubberized gloves, and eyes and face should be protected with protective shields or goggles.
If the foaming agent gets on the skin, and especially on the mucous membrane of the eyes, they should be quickly rinsed with plenty of running water.
3.5. Repair work at the fire extinguishing station and on the system should be carried out only alongside.
3.6. For the period of stay in the cable rooms of personnel (bypass, repair work, etc.), the start of the fire extinguishing installation is transferred to the remote control mode. Upon completion of the work in the protected premises, the automatic operating mode of the foam fire extinguishing installation is restored.
3.7. When operating the technological equipment of foam fire extinguishing installations, the personnel of energy companies must comply with the established safety requirements set forth in the PTE, PPB, PTB and in the factory passports and operating instructions for specific equipment.
3.8. It is forbidden to drain the foaming agent and its solutions into sewerage systems and storm drains.
4. ORDER OF USE AUPP
4.1. The automatic foam fire extinguishing installation (AUPP) is designed to extinguish fires in the protected premises and structures of the energy company upon receipt of a signal about its occurrence from fire detectors.
All equipment should be painted in standard colors and clearly labeled.
4.2. Schematic diagram fire extinguishing installations with air-mechanical foam are shown in the figure.
Schematic flow diagram of a fire pumping station with the supply of finished foaming agent solution:
1 - storage tanks for the foaming agent solution; 2 - pumps for feeding the foaming agent solution; 3 - pumps for feeding the foaming agent into the tank, the foaming agent solution into the pulse device, circulation of the solution, the foaming agent; 4 - impulse device (pneumatic tank); 5 - compressor;
Gate valve; - non-return valve.
Pipelines: foaming agent solution
plumbing
foaming agent
circulation solution
compressed air
To characterize foam generators or foam sprinklers when different modes work, in the fire extinguishing installation scheme, it is recommended to install a special branch on the pressure pipeline between the pump and the valve closest to the pump, equipped at the end with a valve and a device for connecting a foam generator or foam sprinkler.
4.3. The automatic foam fire extinguishing installation includes the following main equipment:
a container for storing a concentrate of a foaming agent or a tank for storing an aqueous solution of a foaming agent;
source of water supply (special reservoir or water supply);
pipeline network;
pumps for the intake and supply of water or a ready-made aqueous solution of a foaming agent;
locking and starting devices;
automatic control system (including fire alarm);
foam generators or foam sprinklers;
electrical measuring instruments.
In addition to the listed main equipment, the AUPP circuit can include:
metering pumps for supplying the estimated amount of foaming agent to the pressure and distribution pipelines;
a tank with water for filling feed pumps;
pneumatic tank to maintain constant pressure in the automatic control system;
a compressor for feeding the pneumatic tank with air.
4.4. Before filling the storage tanks for the foaming agent solution, it is necessary to inspect and clean them internally. After that, fill the container with pumps with water and concentrated foaming agent in proportions to obtain the required composition of the foaming agent solution.
4.5. Turn on the pump of foam fire extinguishing for recirculation to mix the solution in the tanks for 15 - 20 minutes. At the same time, the following is monitored: the leakage of the solution through the water indicating glasses of the tanks, the absence of leaks in the circuit, the level of the foaming agent in the tanks.
After that, the solution is analyzed with a record in the operational log.
4.6. AUPP launch should be automatic. Switching the foam extinguishing installation into remote and manual switching modes is not allowed, except for the cases of repair work on the installation.
Automatic start is carried out from the impulse of fire detectors installed in the protected premises (structures).
4.7. Remote start of AUPP is carried out by a button or a key for manual activation, installed on special panels or cabinets of the control panel (main, block, thermal, etc.). Remote start is provided to duplicate automatic start.
4.8. Devices for local start-up of a fire-extinguishing installation are located in the pumping station room and at the control units of distribution pipelines and are intended for testing and adjusting the fire-extinguishing installation, as well as for starting the installation in case of failures of automatic and remote starts.
4.9. The control panel should have a diagram of this installation with brief description device and work of AUPP. The pumping station room must contain instructions on how to turn on the pumps and open the shut-off valves, as well as the principle and technological diagrams.
4.10. Control units, AUPP equipment must have appropriate visual diagrams, inscriptions and indicators.
4.11. To obtain air-mechanical foam of medium expansion, foam generators ГПС-200, ГПС-600 and ГПС-2000 are used, technical specifications which are given in table. one.
Table 1
4.12. The brand of the foam generator or foam sprinkler is determined by the project, taking into account the design features of the protected object, fire load and supply efficiency extinguishing agent on the fire.
4.13. At the end of the work of the foam fire extinguishing system for extinguishing a fire in the protected area, it must be inspected. If mechanical damage is found on pipelines, shut-off devices, foam generators and other equipment, they must be repaired as soon as possible.
4.14. To obtain air-mechanical foam of low expansion, OPDR-15 sprinklers are used, the technical characteristics of which are given in table. 2.
table 2
|
Pressure, MPa |
Consumption, l / s |
Foam ratio |
Foam resistance, s |
Conditional irrigation radius, m |
Irrigated area, m 2 |
Irrigation intensity by solution, l / s? M 2 |
Irrigation intensity by foam, l / s? M2 |
|
|
solution |
||||||||
Note. Indicated in table. 2 data are given for a sprinkler located 3.5 m from the irrigation surface.
5 ... STORAGE OF THE FOAM AND AQUEOUS FOAM
5.1. It is recommended to store foaming agents and their aqueous solutions at a temperature not higher than 20 ° C and not lower than 5 ° C, which ensures the longest preservation.
5.2. When a concentrated foaming agent arrives at a power company, it is necessary to make sure that there is a document certifying its quality and quantity.
After that, a scheme for filling the tanks is prepared and the pump is turned on for pumping the concentrated foam concentrate. At the end of the pumping of the foaming agent, the original recirculation scheme is restored.
5.3. Before filling AUPP, it is necessary to check the quality of the foam concentrate or its ready-made solution according to the method described in the work “Procedure for the use, transportation, storage and quality control of the foam concentrates for extinguishing fires. (Instruction) ". Moscow: VNIIPO Ministry of Internal Affairs of the USSR, 1989). The analysis of the foaming agent solution is carried out in the laboratory of the power company.
In the future, the quality of the foam concentrate or its aqueous solution in the AUPP should be checked once every six months.
If the expansion rate of the foam obtained under laboratory conditions is less than 5 or its stability is less than 3 minutes, replace the foaming agent and its aqueous solution.
An unsuitable foaming agent solution according to the appropriate scheme can be supplied through steam-mechanical fuel oil nozzles into the furnaces of operating boilers for combustion, or disposed of in another way that does not contradict environmental requirements.
5.4. After the AUPP is triggered, further use of the foaming agent or its aqueous solution is allowed depending on the amount of the residue and its quality. It is not allowed to mix the remaining foaming agent or its aqueous solution with other brands of foaming agent. Before filling the container with a new foaming agent, it is necessary to check its quality, if it has not been checked for more than 3 months.
5.5. Storage of foaming agents in reinforced concrete tanks is not recommended.
Pure water supplies can be stored in concrete, reinforced concrete, metal and other tanks.
5.6. Tanks for storing stocks of aqueous solution of foaming agents or water should be equipped with automatic level gauges with readings displayed on the control panel.
5.7. Checking the level of an aqueous solution of a foaming agent or water should be carried out daily with registration in the "Journal of maintenance and repair of the fire extinguishing installation".
If the level of an aqueous solution of a foaming agent or water decreases due to vapors, add water. If there are leaks, locate the damaged reservoir and repair the leaks, then check the quality of the remaining foaming agent.
5.8. A ready-made aqueous solution of foaming agents in tanks and in the pipeline network must be mixed at least once every three months.
5.9. Water for solution preparation and solution should not contain mechanical impurities that can clog pipelines, throttling washers and steam generator screens. The water for preparation of the spreading must meet the requirements for drinking water.
5.10. To prevent decay and blooming of water, it is recommended to disinfect it with bleach at the rate of 100 g of lime per 1 m 3 of water. The finished aqueous solution of the foaming agent is not subject to disinfection.
5.11. Replacing the water in the tank must be done annually. When replacing water or a ready-made aqueous solution of a foaming agent, the bottom and inner walls of the tank are cleaned of dirt and build-up, the damaged color is restored or completely renewed.
6. TECHNICAL REQUIREMENTS FOR THE OPERATION OF AUPP EQUIPMENT
6.1. General requirements
6.1.1. The entrances to the building (room) of the pumping station of the fire extinguishing installation, as well as the approaches to pumps, compressors, control units and other AUPP equipment must always be free.
6.1.2. The pumping room must be provided with telephone communication with the main control room (MCR) and emergency lighting.
6.1.3. On the current AUPP, the following must be sealed:
valves on pipelines on the suction side of the unit's pumps, on pressure and distribution pipelines;
hatches of storage tanks for water or an aqueous solution of a foaming agent;
gate valves (with manual control and electric drive) in control units;
manual cranes;
safety valves;
pressure switch.
6.1.4. After the AUPP is triggered, its operability must be fully restored no later than 24 hours later. "Dry pipes", which were filled with an aqueous solution of a foaming agent, must be rinsed or purged with compressed air.
6.1.5. Threaded connections AUPP should be compacted with combed flax (no fire) soaked in grated red lead or white on natural drying oil. It is not allowed to use hemp and substitute for this purpose. natural drying oil, since foaming agents have high penetrating properties.
6.2. Storage tanks for foaming agent, ready-made foaming agent solution
6.2.1. When replacing the foaming agent, the container (reservoir) must be cleaned and steamed until traces of the old foaming agent are removed.
6.2.2. The serviceability of the automatic level gauge in tanks (containers) should be checked at least once every three months at positive temperatures and immediately in case of doubts about the correct operation of the level gauge.
6.2.3. The tanks should be closed for unauthorized access and sealed, the integrity of the seal is checked once a quarter.
6.2.4. IN winter period for buried tanks, the gap between the lower and upper hatch covers must be filled with insulating materials.
6.2.5. The enterprise for foam fire extinguishing installations must have a two-fold supply of foam concentrate.
6.3. Pipelines
6.3.1. Fire-extinguishing pipelines must have a slope of at least 0.01 with a pipe diameter of up to 50 mm and at least 0.005 with a pipe diameter of more than 50 mm. Sagging and bending of pipelines are not allowed.
6.3.2. If there are reverse slopes (bags) on the pipelines, drainage devices should be installed in these places.
6.3.3. Welding of pipelines directly to metal load-bearing structures buildings and structures and elements of technological equipment are not allowed.
6.3.4. Each pipe turn over 0.5 m must be secured. The distance from hangers to welded and threaded joints of pipes must be at least 100 mm.
6.3.5. Once every three years, as well as after the completion of installation and repair and restoration work, the pipelines must be flushed and subjected to hydraulic tests with the drawing up of an act (Appendices 2 and 3).
6.3.6. Flushing of pipelines should be carried out by supplying water to the AUPP control units and then discharging water into the sewer (fire hoses can be used to supply and discharge water). During flushing, foam generators or foam sprinklers are removed, and plugs or plugs are installed in the holes.
6.3.7. Flushing of pipelines must be carried out at a water speed that ensures the removal of sediments (at least 1.5 m / s), and continue until clean water appears.
6.3.8. If it is impossible to flush pipelines in certain sections of the network, blowing with compressed air or inert gas is allowed.
6.3.9. Hydraulic testing of pipelines is carried out with a pressure equal to 1.25 working pressure (P) (but not less than P + 0.3 MPa). After 10 minutes of testing, the pressure is gradually reduced to working pressure and all welded joints and adjacent areas are carefully inspected. Pressure measurement should be carried out using two pressure gauges (one of which is control).
6.3.10. The presence of unauthorized persons is prohibited during hydraulic tests. Test personnel should be in safe locations.
6.3.11. The pipeline network is considered to have passed the hydraulic test if it is not found:
signs of rupture;
holes in welded joints and pipelines;
external mechanical deformations.
6.3.12. Flushing and hydraulic testing of pipelines should be carried out under conditions that exclude the danger of freezing. Backfilling of individual trenches (in which pipelines are laid) that have been affected severe frosts, or backfilling of trenches with pipelines with frozen soil is prohibited.
6.3.13. Once a quarter, the condition of the bushings, shut-off valves, measuring instruments and a water intake well.
6.3.14. Before the onset of cold weather, the fittings in the water intake well must be inspected, repaired and insulated.
6.3.15. It is checked once a quarter:
no leaks and deflections of pipelines;
condition of pipelines fastening;
lack of contact with electric wires and cables;
color condition and absence of dirt and dust.
Discovered deficiencies that may affect the reliability of the automatic control system should be eliminated immediately.
use of UART pipelines for suspension or fastening of any equipment;
connection of industrial pipelines and equipment.
6.4. Pumping station
6.4.1. Once a month, the pumps and other equipment of the pumping station are inspected, cleaned of dust and dirt, the operation of the automation is checked and the transfer of all pumps to the main and backup power supply is checked, the results are recorded in the operational log.
6.4.2. Before testing the pumps, it is necessary to check: the tightness of the oil seals; the presence of grease in the bearing tubs; correct tightening of foundation bolts, pump cap nuts and bearings; connections of pipelines on the sides of suction and discharge with pumps; serviceability of couplings and their fences; serviceability of grounding; filling with water the pipelines on the suction side and the pumps themselves.
6.4.3. The pump water tank must be inspected, repaired and painted annually.
6.4.4. Pumps and motors must be audited every three years. The audit, as well as the elimination of the discovered deficiencies, should be carried out in a short time.
Repair and replacement of worn out parts, bulkhead seals are carried out as needed.
6.4.5. The pumping station room must be kept clean and locked. One of the spare keys must be kept on the control panel, which must be indicated on the main control panel door.
6.5. Control nodes
6.5.1. The state of the control units, the position of the shut-off valves, the pressure values \u200b\u200bbefore and after the control units must be monitored at least once a month.
6.5.2. Each control unit must have a plate indicating the name of the protected object and a functional piping diagram.
6.5.3. Control units should be located in rooms with minimum temperature air during the year not lower than 4 ° С.
6.5.4. Maintenance of control units consists in cleaning holes (especially of small diameters) and checking their operation. The room where the control units are located must be kept at a temperature of at least 5 ° C.
6.5.5. Once every six months, the actuation of the control unit is checked with its automatic activation from the fire detector when the valve on the "dry pipe" is closed, and the reliability of the operation of all parts of the unit is checked.
6.5.6. Repair and replacement of worn out and broken parts, change of rubber diaphragms and gaskets, bulkhead of oil seals, gate valves and valves are performed as required.
6.5.7. In locking and starting devices, steel fittings should be used - electrified valves with automatic start-up with a working pressure of 1.6 MPa; repair valves with a manual drive with a working pressure of 1.6 MPa.
6.5.8. Reliability of operation and tightness of valves, valves and check valves checked at least once a month.
6.5.9. Any damage to valves, valves and non-return valves that could affect the reliability of the unit must be repaired immediately.
6.6. Foam generators and foam sprinklers
6.6.1. Before installation, each foam generator and foam sprinkler must be thoroughly cleaned of preservative grease and subjected to a hydraulic test on a special outlet at a pressure of 1.25 working pressure.
A repeated hydraulic test is carried out after three years under normal conditions, annually if there are traces of corrosion.
6.6.2. Detected damage to foam generators and sprinklers - mesh rupture, outflow from the spray nozzle, housing deformation, paint or solution hitting the mesh and into the hole, clogging of the mesh and holes with scale, fire damage during a fire - should be immediately eliminated.
6.6.3. In stationary conditions of foam extinguishing, the use of sprayers made of nylon and other combustible materials on foam generators is not allowed.
6.6.4. In places of possible mechanical damage, foam generators and sprinklers should be protected with metal nets, which should not be in the path of foam escape.
6.6.5. Foam generators and foam sprinklers should be inspected once a month and cleaned of dust and dirt. If corrosion is detected, measures must be taken to eliminate it.
6.6.6. In the event of repair work in the places where foam generators or foam sprinklers are installed, the foam generator nets and the sprinkler openings must be protected from plaster and paint (for example, plastic or paper caps, etc.). Traces of paint and mortar found after repair must be removed.
6.6.7. To replace faulty or damaged foam generators or foam sprinklers, a reserve of 10 - 15% should be created total installed foam generators and sprinklers.
replace faulty sprinklers with plugs and plugs;
store materials and equipment at a distance of less than 0.9 m from sprinklers.
6.7. Pneumatic tank and compressor
6.7.1. The inclusion of the pneumatic tank in operation should be carried out in the following sequence:
fill the pneumatic tank with an aqueous solution of a foaming agent to about 50% of its volume (the level is controlled by a water gauge glass);
turn on the compressor or open the valve on the compressed air line;
raise the pressure in the pneumatic tank to the working pressure (controlled by the pressure gauge), then connect the pneumatic tank to the pressure pipelines, creating a working pressure in them.
6.7.2. An external inspection of the pneumatic tank should be carried out daily, the level of the foaming agent solution and the air pressure in the pneumatic tank should be checked. When the air pressure drops by 0.05 MPa (in relation to the working one), it is pumped up.
The compressor should be idled once a week.
6.7.3. Maintenance of the pneumatic tank and compressor, carried out once a year, includes:
draining, inspection and cleaning of the pneumatic tank;
removal and testing of the safety valve at the stand (in case of malfunction, it is replaced with a new one);
painting of the surface of the pneumatic tank (the date of repair is indicated on the surface);
detailed inspection of the compressor (worn parts and fittings are replaced);
fulfillment of all other technical measures provided for by factory passports and operating instructions for the pneumatic tank and compressor.
6.7.4. The examination of the pneumatic tank is carried out by a special commission with the participation of representatives of Gosgortechnadzor, local authorities fire department Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia and this energy enterprise.
6.7.5. The use of compressors to supply compressed air to any other equipment is prohibited.
6.7.6. The compressor must be switched on manually and at the same time it is necessary to monitor the level in the pneumatic tank.
6.7.7. The accuracy of the readings of the pressure gauges installed on the pneumatic tanks is checked once a month, and all other pressure gauges - once every six months. All pressure gauges of the installation are checked using a control pressure gauge.
6.7.8. The pressure gauges must be checked and sealed annually in accordance with the current regulations.
6.7.9. The personnel assigned to service the AUPP compressors and pneumatic tanks must be trained and certified in accordance with the requirements of the Gosgortekhnadzor rules.
7. PROCEDURE FOR ACCEPTANCE AND CARRYING OUT MAINTENANCE OF AUPP
7.1. The scheme, characteristics of the equipment and devices of the fire extinguishing installation (pumps, air compressors, water or pneumatic tanks, water supply networks, control units, check valves, drain valves, pressure gauges, vacuum gauges, foam generators, foam sprinklers, etc.) must comply with the project.
7.2. Any deviations from the accepted scheme, replacement of pipelines, materials, equipment or devices during the installation works or during operation, fire extinguishing installations must be previously agreed with the design organization.
7.3. Upon completion of the installation of the AUPP, the energy company must organize, with the participation of representatives of the installation and commissioning organizations and the local fire brigade of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia, a quality check of work, compliance of the installation with design documentation, based on the results of which a working act or protocol is drawn up.
7.4. The commissioning of the fire extinguishing installation is carried out by a specially appointed commission for this purpose according to the program developed by the design institute - the author of the installation project and approved by the chief technical director of the energy company. In addition to representatives of the energy company, the installation organization and the design institute, representatives of the fire protection of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia should be included in the commission.
The necessary technical documentation must be presented to the Commission: the project of the installation with the changes introduced; factory passports and operating instructions for equipment, instruments and apparatus that are part of the installation; certificates for hidden work, verification of installation work, flushing and hydraulic testing of pipelines and vessels, testing, as well as operating instructions for the fire extinguishing installation.
7.5. The reliability and efficiency of the fire extinguishing installation is checked by testing it according to a program agreed with the local fire protection authorities of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia and approved by the chief technical director of the energy company. It is recommended to conduct fire tests of the AUPP operation. The test results are documented in an act, the form of the test report is given in Appendix 4.
7.6. Technical capabilities AUPP for detecting and extinguishing a fire source should be included in the operational plan for extinguishing a fire of a given energy enterprise. During firefighting trainings, it is necessary to familiarize personnel with the purpose, structure and operation of the AUPP.
7.7. The head of the energy company appoints the person responsible for the operation of the automatic control system and personnel for the maintenance and repair of the installation.
7.8. At the power plant, the person responsible for the operation of the automatic control system must have the following documentation:
design documentation and as-built drawings for the installation;
acts of acceptance and commissioning of the installation;
passports for equipment and devices;
list of mounted equipment, assemblies, instruments and automation equipment;
maintenance and repair schedule;
log book of maintenance and repair of the installation.
7.9. The person responsible for the operation of the automatic control system must, once a month, conduct appropriate training with the personnel assigned to service this installation.
7.10. To carry out maintenance and repair work of the automatic control system at the energy enterprise, it is necessary to create the necessary stock of equipment, components and devices of the automatic control system, for the storage of which a special room should be allocated.
7.11. Checking the operation of the automatic control system should be carried out during the withdrawal for repair or maintenance of the technological unit (equipment).
7.12. If the automatic control unit is disconnected for repair or revision, the appropriate fire department must be notified in advance.
7.13. Each AUPP must be in constant readiness for action. Each case of an accident or failure in its work must be thoroughly investigated and the causes and culpable accidents (failure) must be identified.
8. CHARACTERISTIC MALFUNCTIONS IN THE OPERATION OF THE AUP AND RECOMMENDATIONS FOR THEIR ELIMINATION
Table 3
|
The nature of the malfunction, external signs |
||
|
Foam and water do not come out of the foam generator or sprinklers, the pressure gauge shows normal pressure |
Valve closed |
Open the valve |
|
Check valve stuck |
Open the non-return valve |
|
|
Clogged main or pressure and distribution pipelines |
Clean the main or distribution pipe |
|
|
Foam generators or foam sprinklers are clogged |
Eliminate clogging |
|
|
Only water comes from foam generators or sprinklers |
Foam concentrate leaked from the container or bladder tank |
Fill the container or bladder tank with foaming agent |
|
The metering pump did not turn on |
Check the operation of the metering pump |
|
|
One of the valves on the bladder tank is closed |
Check serviceability and opening of valves |
|
|
Inlet or outlet pipe clogged on the bladder tank |
Clean the inlet or outlet pipe |
|
|
Dosing washer clogged |
Clean the dosage washer |
|
|
Clean foaming agent flows out of the foam generators or sprinklers |
The feed pump did not start working |
Switch on the feed pump |
|
The valve on the pipeline on the suction side of the feed pump is closed |
Open the valve |
|
|
Air leaks on the suction side of the feed pump |
Troubleshoot connection problems |
|
|
Wrong direction of rotation of the rotor |
Switch motor phases |
|
|
The valve in the other direction is accidentally open |
Close the valve in the other direction |
|
|
Foam ratio below the calculated |
Low-quality foaming agent |
Replace foaming agent |
|
The concentration of the foaming agent in the solution is below the calculated |
Increase the concentration of the foaming agent |
|
|
Head at foam generators less than 0.4 or more than 0.6 MPa |
Ensure the head of the foam generator is not less than 0.4 and not more than 0.6 MPa |
|
|
Foam flowing intermittently |
In pressure and distribution pipelines, water flow changes |
Provide the design flow rate and water pressure |
|
Leakage of an aqueous solution of a foaming agent or water through welded seams, at the points of connection of control units of foam generators or sprinklers |
Poor welding |
Check the integrity of the welds |
|
Gasket worn out |
Replace the gasket |
|
|
Loosening bolts |
Tighten the bolts |
|
|
Gauge reading is missing |
No pressure in the pipeline |
Restore the pressure in the pipeline |
|
Clogged inlet |
Remove the pressure gauge and clean the hole |
|
|
Arcing of pressure gauge contacts |
Dirty pressure gauge contacts |
Remove the pressure gauge glass and clean the contacts |
Attachment 1
EXTRACT FROM THE WORK "ORDER OF APPLICATION, TRANSPORTATION, STORAGE AND QUALITY CHECKING OF FOAM EXTINGUISHING AGENTS FOR FIRE EXTINGUISHING. (INSTRUCTIONS) "
METHODS FOR FOAMING AGENTS TESTING
1 ... DETERMINING APPEARANCE
1.1. The appearance of the foaming agent is determined visually in a test tube made of P2 colorless glass with a diameter of 30 mm and a capacity of 250 cm 3 (GOST 253336-82) in transmitted scattered light.
1.2. To determine the crystalline precipitate, the foaming agent, previously filtered at 20 ° C, is poured in an amount of 250 cm 3 into a cylinder with a capacity of 250 - 500 cm 3 and placed in a refrigerator at a temperature of (3 + 2) ° C. After 24 hours of incubation, no crystalline precipitation should be observed visible to the naked eye.
2 ... DETERMINATION OF COOLING TEMPERATURE
2.1 ... Equipment
Test tube P2T-250 TS in accordance with GOST 25336-82;
test tube P1-16-150 XC in accordance with GOST 25336-82;
mercury thermometer type TN-6 in accordance with GOST 400-80;
vessel with a cooling mixture.
2.2 . Testing
Fill a clean dry glass tube 16 mm in diameter with a foaming agent to a height of 30 mm. The tube is closed with a stopper with a thermometer inserted into it and placed in a test tube with a diameter of 30 mm so that the walls of the tube are at the same distance from the walls of the sleeve.
The assembled device is placed in a vessel with a cooling mixture, the temperature of which should be 5 ° C below the expected pour point of the foaming agent.
The pour point is taken as its value, established after the decline and rise.
2.3 . Processing results
The determination of the pour point is carried out 3-4 times. The final result is the arithmetic mean of all determinations.
3 ... DETERMINATION OF RATIO AND STABILITY OF FOAM IN LABORATORY CONDITIONS
3.1 . Equipment, reagents
Tissue Grinder (RT-1) device according to TU 64-1-1505-79. A graduation with a graduation of 50 cm 3 to final value 1000 cm 3.
Cylinder 2-100 in accordance with GOST 1770-74.
Stopwatch in accordance with GOST 5072-79, accuracy class 3.
Distilled water in accordance with GOST 6709-72.
3.2 ... Testing
The foaming agent in the amount required to obtain a concentration solution is poured into a cylinder and brought to 100 cm 3 with distilled water. The resulting foaming agent solution at a temperature of (18 + 1) ° C is poured into the glass of the device, the speed switch is set to 4000 rpm, then the electric motor and the stopwatch are simultaneously turned on. The solution is stirred for 30 s, the electric motor is turned off and the volume of the obtained foam in the beaker is recorded.
The multiplicity of foam is calculated as the ratio of the volume obtained (in cm 3) of foam to 100 cm 3 of the solution taken for testing. The stability of the foam is determined by the time it takes to release 50% (50 cm 3) of the foaming agent solution from it.
The arithmetic mean of three determinations of foam multiplicity is taken as the test result.
3.3 ... Determination of foam stability on the surface of ethyl alcohol
3.3.1 . Applied devices and reagents
General purpose laboratory scales, maximum weighing limit 200 g.
Glass beaker in accordance with GOST 25336-82, type VN-400, with a capacity of 400 ml.
Measuring cylinder in accordance with GOST 17770-74, accuracy class 2, capacity 100 ml.
Glass rod, diameter 4 - 8 mm, length 150 - 250 mm.
Mechanical stopwatch in accordance with GOST 5072-79, class 2, measurement limit 60 min.
Rectified ethyl alcohol according to GOST 5962-67 or technical according to GOST 18300-87.
3.3.2 . Testing
Measure with a cylinder 100 ml of ethyl alcohol and place it in a glass, which is installed on the balance. Apply foam (obtained in accordance with the requirements of clause 6.2) in an amount of (8 + 0.5) g on the surface of the alcohol. foam over the entire surface of the alcohol, without touching the release gel film.
A stopwatch is used to record the time from the moment the first portion of foam is applied to the alcohol until the appearance of open areas on the surface of the alcohol or the separating film. This time determines the stability of the foam on the alcohol surface. The test is carried out three times. The arithmetic mean is taken as the final result.
4 ... DETERMINATION OF FOAM RATIO ON THE MEDIUM RATIO FOAM GENERATOR
4.1 ... Equipment, materials, reagents
Generator GPS-200 or GPS-600 in accordance with GOST 12962-80.
A pump that provides a solution supply of at least 2 dm 3 / s for (GPS-200) or at least 6 dm 3 / s for (GPS-600) at a pressure in front of the foam generator of 0.6 - 1.0 MPa.
Flax-jute pressure fire hose with a diameter of 51 mm according to TU RSFSR 40-1069-81.
Suction fire hose in accordance with GOST 5398-76.
Metal container with a capacity of at least 200 dm 3 for the preparation of solutions.
Metal capacity not less than 100 dm 3, weighing not more than 10 kg for collecting foam.
Scales for static weighing in accordance with GOST 23676-79 of average accuracy class with the maximum weighing limit of 30 kg.
A pressure gauge in accordance with GOST 2405-80 with an upper pressure measurement limit of 1.0 MPa, accuracy class 2.5, splash-proof design, is installed at the pump outlet.
Drinking water in accordance with GOST 2874-82.
4.2 ... Testing
In a container, 200 dm 3 of a working solution of a foaming agent is prepared. The prepared solution is fed through the suction hose by a pump under a pressure of 0.6 MPa into the pressure hose, at the outlet of which a generator is installed.
After receiving stable foam from the generator, fill the container for collecting foam, while the entire volume should be uniformly filled; the formation of voids is not allowed. Determine the mass of foam in the container by weighing on a balance.
4.3 ... Processing results
The multiplicity of foam K is determined by the formula:
where V is the volume of the foam, m 3;
V 1 - the volume of the foaming agent solution in cubic decimeters, numerically equal to the mass of the foam, kg.
The arithmetic mean of three determinations is taken as the result of the determination.
Appendix 2
|
ACT Object name ____________________________________________________ (power plant, substation) We, the undersigned __________________________________________________ represented by ___________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________ and _______________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________ made this act in that the pipelines _____________________________ _________________________________________________________________________ (unit name, section no.) Special Notes: ___________: ____________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________ Commission members: (surname) (signature) Mounting (surname) (signature) Fire department |
Appendix 3
|
ACT _______________ "____" _________ 19__ (power plant, substation) We, the undersigned ____________________________________________________ represented by _____________________________________________________________________ (representative from the customer, full name, position) and __________________________________________________________________________ (representative from the installation organization, full name, position) drew up this act in that the following results were obtained when testing pipelines: The assembled pipeline network of the stationary fire extinguishing installation is serviceable. Commission members: Customer _________________________ _____________________ (surname) (signature) Mounting organization _________________________ _____________________ (surname) (signature) Fire department security _________________________ _____________________ (surname, position) (signature) |
Appendix 4
|
act _______________ "____" _________ 19__ Object name _______________________________________________________ (power plant, substation) We, the undersigned members of the Commission, composed of: 1. From the customer _____________________________________________________________ (representative from the customer, full name, position) ___________________________________________________________________________ 2. From the installation (commissioning) organization _____________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________ (representative from the installation organization, full name, position) 3. From the fire department ______________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________ (representative from the fire department, full name, position) 4. _________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________ drew up this act in that, in order to check the operability of the mounted installation, fire tests were carried out in ___________________________________________________________________________ (name of the tested area) Artificial fires of ____________________________ m 2 with combustible material ________________________________________________________________ As a result of the test, the time was established: setting fire to the fire ___________________________________________ (h, min) unit operation _________________________________________ (h, min) the appearance of water from the foam generator ________________________________ (h, min) During firing tests, the installation worked, the room was filled foam for _______________ min Commission members: Customer _________________________ _____________________ (surname) (signature) Mounting organization _________________________ _____________________ (surname) (signature) Fire department security _________________________ _____________________ (surname, position) (signature) |
Appendix 5
|
1. Introduction. 2 2. General provisions. 2 3. Safety measures during the operation of the automatic control unit .. 3 4. The order of AUPP operation .. 3 5. Storage of foaming agent and aqueous solution of foaming agent. 6 6. Technical requirements for the operation of AUPP equipment .. 7 6.1. General requirements. 7 6.2. Storage tanks for foaming agent, ready-made foaming agent solution. 7 6.3. Piping .. 8 6.4. Pumping station. nine 6.5. Control nodes. nine 6.6. Foam generators and foam sprinklers. ten 6.7. Pneumatic tank and compressor. ten 7. Procedure for acceptance and maintenance of AUPP .. 11 8. Typical malfunctions in the AUPP and recommendations for their elimination .. 12 Appendix 1 Extract from the work “order of application, transportation, storage and quality control of foaming agents for extinguishing fires. (Instruction) ". 13 Appendix 2 The act of flushing the pipelines of the fire extinguishing installation. fifteen Appendix 3 Act of hydraulic testing of pipelines of a fire extinguishing installation. 16 Appendix 4 act of conducting fire tests of a fire extinguishing installation. 17 Appendix 5 Log book of maintenance and repair of the fire extinguishing installation. 17 |
Operating instructions for fire extinguishing systems, APS, SOUE based on PPKOP "Korund 1I"
I approve
______________________________________________________
INSTRUCTION
on the operation of fire extinguishing systems, fire alarm and warning people about a fire at: ___________________________________________________________
PPKOP "Korund 1I"
- 1. A common part.
- 2. The fire alarm system is designed to detect and alert about the occurrence of a fire source.
2.1. The system must be on duty around the clock.
3. Duties of the shift supervisor to maintain the PS installation in working order.
3.1. The shift supervisor is obliged to conduct an external examination of all protected premises for damage installed equipment and appliances.
3.2. Monitor all system malfunctions and operations, report them to the head of the unit and the guard on duty at the checkpoint.
4. System operation during a fire.
Actions of the shift supervisor when the Control Panel "Korund 1 I" is triggered
On the front panel of the device there are light indicators (red and yellow color) indicators of the state of alarm loops from 1 to 4 non-luminous LEDs correspond to the on state of the alarm loops, the power indicator " NETWORK"Backup power indicator" RESERVE"Red from 1 to 4 states" FIRE»Loop.
Control buttons: " NETWORK»Switching on 220 V power supply and backup power supply direct current 24 V, toggle switches for disconnecting alarm loops from 1 to 4 button " CONROL"To check the device in the" SELF-CONTROL", Button" SOUND"To turn off the sound signal, buttons, button" RESET»To restore the state of the loops after triggering. The toggle switches for shutdown (switching on the loops) and the toggle switches for switching off (switching on) the ASPT systems are covered with a protective cover.
When the devices are working properly and the fire alarm loops are in good working order, LEDs 1 to 4 on the linear units and on the panel of the device are off, the LED is on in green, the reserve LED is on.
In the event of a fault in a loop (or several loops), the yellow LED “ FAILURE»On the corresponding line block and on the instrument panel. The device generates a characteristic intermittent malfunction signal on the control panel of the device.
In this case, disable the " SOUND", Open the protective casing of the linear units, turn off the toggle switch of the corresponding loop, press the button RESET"To restore the" standby "state of the device, make a record of the time of the fault and record the number of the faulty loop in the operational log, report to the management and call the representatives of the organization performing the maintenance of the automatic fire alarm system.
If the device is triggered by fire detectors in the " FIRE", The red LED" FIRE»Of the corresponding loop (loops), a characteristic continuous sound signal sounds on the device, a remote sounder in the corridor is activated. In this case, turn off the sound signal of the device (the button on the panel “ SOUND") Check the premises of the corresponding loop for signs of combustion, in case of confirmation of the event" FIRE»Call the fire brigade by phone. 01 and, as far as possible, take measures to extinguish the fire with the available fire extinguishing means.
At the same time, report to the head of the unit and call the checkpoint, inform the guard on duty about the fire.
When false positive: open the protective casing of the linear units, turn off the toggle switch of the corresponding loop, press the button " RESET"To restore the" standby "state of the device, make a record of the time of the malfunction and record the number of the faulty loop in the operational log, report to the head of the unit and call the representatives of the organization that maintains the APS.
If the main power supply to the device is disconnected, backup power the device remains switched on, which will be signaled by the red LED “ RESERVE". After restoring the main power supply to the device, call a representative of the service organization to check and recharge, if necessary, the battery.
On the serviceability of the backup power supply and acc. batteries are signaled by the LEDs " NETWORK"Red and" ACC. BAT. " green on redundant power supply.
Responsible person for fire automation
Operating instructions for automatic water fire extinguishing installations from the Stroy-Universal company.
Company "Stroy-Universal" hopes that this material will be useful to everyone who is interested in security and fire extinguishing systems.
1. Introduction
1.1. The standard instruction establishes the requirements for the operation of technological equipment for water fire extinguishing installations and is mandatory for managers of energy companies, shop managers and persons appointed responsible for the operation of fire extinguishing installations.
1.2. Technical requirements for the operation of technological equipment for foam fire extinguishing installations are set out in the "Instructions for the operation of fire extinguishing installations using air-mechanical foam" (Moscow: SPO ORGRES, 1997).
1.3. When operating a fire alarm of an automatic fire extinguishing installation (AUP), one should be guided by the "Standard instruction for the operation of automatic fire alarm systems at power enterprises" (Moscow: SPO ORGRES, 1996).
The following abbreviations are adopted in this Model Instruction.
UVP - installation of water fire extinguishing
AUP - automatic fire extinguishing system
AUVP - automatic water fire extinguishing installation
PPS - fire alarm panel
PUEZ - control panel for electric valves
PUPN - control panel for fire pumps
PI - fire detector
PN - fire pump OK - check valve
DV - water drencher
DVM - modernized water drencher
OPDR - foam-drencher sprinkler.
2.GENERAL INSTRUCTIONS FOR THE OPERATION OF AUTOMATIC WATER EXTINGUISHING UNITS
2.1. On the basis of this Model Instruction, the organization that performed the adjustment of the technological equipment of an automatic fire extinguishing installation, together with the power company where this equipment is installed, must develop a local instruction for the operation of technological equipment and devices for automatic fire extinguishing devices. If the adjustment was carried out by a power company, then the instructions are developed by the personnel of this company. The local instructions must be developed at least one month before the automatic fire extinguishing system is put into operation.
2.2. The local instructions must take into account the requirements of this Model instruction and the requirements of factory passports and instructions for the operation of equipment, instruments and apparatus that are part of an automatic water fire extinguishing installation. Reduction of the requirements set forth in these documents is not allowed.
2.3. The local instructions must be revised at least once every three years and each time after the reconstruction of the automatic fire extinguishing installation or in case of a change in operating conditions.
2.4. Acceptance of an automatic fire extinguishing installation into operation should be carried out by representatives of:
energy companies (chairman);
design, installation and commissioning organizations;
state fire supervision.
The commission's program of work and the acceptance certificate must be approved by the chief technical manager of the enterprise.
3. SAFETY MEASURES FOR OPERATION OF AUTOMATIC WATER EXTINGUISHING UNITS
3.1. When operating the technological equipment of water fire extinguishing installations, the personnel of energy enterprises must comply with the relevant safety requirements specified in the PTE, PTB, as well as in the factory passports and instructions for the operation of specific equipment.
3.2. During maintenance and repair, an automatic fire extinguishing installation, when visiting a room protected by an automatic fire extinguishing installation, automatic control a specific distribution pipeline of this direction must be switched to manual (remote) before the last person leaves the room.
3.3. Pressure testing of pipelines with water should be carried out only according to an approved program, which should include measures to ensure the protection of personnel from a possible rupture of pipelines. Ensure complete removal of air from pipelines. It is prohibited to combine crimping work with other work in the same room. If the pressure testing is carried out by contractors, then the work is carried out according to the permit. The performance of these works by the operational or repair personnel of the power company is documented by a written order.
3.4. Before starting work, personnel involved in pressure testing must be instructed in workplace safety.
3.5. During crimping, no unauthorized persons should be in the room. Pressure testing must be carried out under the supervision of a responsible person.
3.6. Repair work on technological equipment should be carried out after relieving pressure from this equipment and preparing the necessary organizational and technical measures established by the existing PTB.
4. PREPARATION FOR WORK AND CHECKING THE TECHNICAL STATE OF THE WATER FIRE EXTINGUISHING UNIT
4.1. The water fire extinguishing installation consists of:
Water supply source (reservoir, reservoir, city water supply, etc.);
- fire pumps (designed for the intake and supply of water to pressure pipelines);
- suction pipelines (connecting the water source with fire pumps);
- pressure pipelines (from the pump to the control unit);
- distribution pipelines (laid within the protected premises);
- control units installed at the end of pressure pipelines;
- sprinklers.
In addition to the above, based on design solutions, the following may be included in the fire extinguishing installations scheme:
Water tank for filling fire pumps;
- pneumatic tank for maintaining constant pressure in the network of the fire extinguishing installation;
- a compressor for feeding the pneumatic tank with air;
- drain taps;
- check valves;
- dosage washers;
- pressure switch;
- manometers;
- vacuum gauges;
- level gauges for measuring the level in tanks and a pneumatic tank;
- other signaling, control and automation devices.
The schematic diagram of the water fire extinguishing installation is shown in the figure.
4.2. After the completion of the installation work, the suction, pressure and distribution pipelines must be flushed and subjected to hydraulic tests. The results of flushing and pressure testing must be documented in acts (Appendices 1 and 2).
If possible, the effectiveness of the fire extinguishing installation should be checked by organizing extinguishing an artificial fire source (Appendix 3).
4.3. When flushing pipelines, water should be supplied from their ends towards the control units (in order to prevent clogging of pipes with a smaller diameter) at a speed 15-20% higher than the speed of water in a fire (determined by calculation or recommendations of design organizations). Flushing should be continued until clean water is stable.
If it is impossible to flush individual sections of pipelines, they may be blown with dry, clean, compressed air or inert gas.
4.4. Hydraulic testing of pipelines must be carried out under a pressure equal to 1.25 working pressure (P), but not less than P + 0.3 MPa, for 10 minutes.
To disconnect the tested section from the rest of the network, it is necessary to install blind flanges or plugs. It is not allowed to use existing control units, repair valves, etc. for this purpose.
After 10 minutes of testing, the pressure should be gradually reduced to working pressure and a thorough inspection of all welded joints and adjacent areas should be performed.
The pipeline network is considered to have passed the hydraulic test if no signs of rupture, leaks and drops in welded joints and on the base metal, visible permanent deformations are found.
The pressure should be measured with two pressure gauges.
4.5. Flushing and hydraulic testing of pipelines should be carried out in conditions that exclude their freezing.
Backfilling of open trenches with pipelines exposed to severe frosts, or backfilling of such trenches with frozen soil, is prohibited.
4.6. Automatic water fire extinguishing installations must operate in the automatic start mode. For the period when personnel are in cable facilities (bypass, repair work, etc.), the start-up of installations should be transferred to manual (remote) switching (clause 3.2).
5. MAINTENANCE OF WATER EXTINGUISHING UNITS
5.1. Organizational activities
5.1.1. Persons responsible for the operation, capital and current repairs technological equipment of the fire extinguishing installation, are appointed by the head of the energy company, who also approves the schedules for technical supervision and equipment repair.
5.1.2. The person responsible for the constant readiness of the technological equipment of the fire extinguishing installation must know well the principle of the device and the procedure for the operation of this equipment, and also have the following documentation:
Project with changes made during installation and adjustment of the fire extinguishing installation;
- factory passports and operating instructions for equipment and devices;
- this Model Instruction and local operating instructions for process equipment;
- acts and protocols of installation and adjustment works, as well as testing the work of technological equipment;
- schedules of technical maintenance and repair of technological equipment;
"Log book of maintenance and repair of fire extinguishing installations".
5.1.3. Any deviations from the scheme adopted by the project, replacement of equipment, additional installation sprinklers or their replacement by sprinklers with a large nozzle diameter must be previously agreed with the design institute - the author of the project.
5.1.4. To control technical condition technological equipment of the fire extinguishing installation should be kept "Log book of maintenance and repair of the fire extinguishing installation", which should record the date and time of the inspection, who carried out the inspection, the detected faults, their nature and time of their elimination, the time of forced shutdown and activation of the fire extinguishing installation, the tests carried out operation of the entire installation or individual equipment. The approximate form of the journal is given in Appendix 4.
At least once a quarter, the chief technical manager of the enterprise must familiarize himself with the contents of the journal on receipt.
5.1.5. To check the readiness and effectiveness of an automatic water fire extinguishing installation, a full audit of the technological equipment of this installation should be carried out once every three years.
During the audit, in addition to the main work, pressure testing of the pressure pipeline is carried out and flushing (or blowing) and pressure testing of distribution pipelines (clauses 4.2-4.5), located in the most aggressive environment (dampness, gas contamination, dust), is carried out in two or three directions.
- If deficiencies are found, it is necessary to develop measures to ensure their complete elimination in a short time.
- It is recommended to end the audit by supplying a fire extinguishing agent in one of the directions and, preferably, with the organization of an artificial fire source.
5.1.6. An automatic fire extinguishing installation in accordance with the schedule approved by the head of the relevant workshop, but at least once every three years, must be tested (tested) according to a specially developed program with their actual start-up, provided that this does not entail a shutdown of the technological equipment or all the production process. During testing on the first and last sprinklers, the water pressure and irrigation intensity should be checked.
Testing should be carried out for 1.5-2 minutes with the inclusion of serviceable drainage devices.
Based on the results of testing, an act or protocol must be drawn up, and the fact of testing itself must be registered in the "Journal of maintenance and repair of the fire extinguishing installation".
5.1.7. Checking the operation of an automatic water fire extinguishing installation or certain types of equipment should be carried out during the withdrawal for repair, maintenance of the protected premises and the technological installation.
5.1.8. For storage of spare equipment, equipment parts, as well as fixtures, tools, materials, devices necessary for the control and organization of repair work AUTOMATIC WATER FIRE EXTINGUISHING INSTALLATION, a special room should be allocated.
5.1.9. Technical capabilities AUTOMATIC WATER FIRE EXTINGUISHING INSTALLATION should be included in the operational plan for extinguishing a fire at this power plant. During firefighting trainings, it is necessary to expand the circle of personnel who know the purpose and device of the AUTOMATIC WATER FIRE EXTINGUISHING INSTALLATION, as well as the procedure for activating it.
5.1.10. The personnel servicing the compressors and pneumatic tanks of the AUTOMATIC WATER FIRE EXTINGUISHING UNIT must be trained and certified in accordance with the requirements of the Gosgortekhnadzor rules.
5.1.11. The person responsible for the operation of the technological equipment of the fire extinguishing installation must organize training with personnel assigned to control the operation and maintenance of this equipment.
5.1.12. In the room of the pumping station AUTOMATIC WATER FIRE EXTINGUISHING INSTALLATION should be posted: instructions on how to turn on the pumps and open the shut-off valves, as well as basic and technological diagrams.
5.2. Technical requirements for an automatic water fire extinguishing system
5.2.1. The entrances to the building (room) of the pumping station and the fire extinguishing installation, as well as the approaches to the pumps, pneumatic tank, compressor, control bridles, pressure gauges and other equipment of the fire extinguishing installation must always be free.
5.2.2. On the operating fire extinguishing installation, the following should be sealed in working position: hatches of tanks and containers for storing water supplies;
control units, gate valves and manual cranes;
pressure switch; drain taps.
5.2.3. After the fire extinguishing installation is triggered, its operability must be fully restored not after 24 hours.
5.3. Water storage tanks
5.3.1. Checking the water level in the tank should be carried out daily with registration in the "Log book of maintenance and repair of the fire extinguishing installation".
If the water level drops due to vapors, it is necessary to add water, if there are leaks, locate the damage to the reservoir and repair the leaks.
5.3.2. The correct operation of the automatic level gauge in the tank should be checked at least once every three months at positive temperatures, monthly - at negative temperatures and immediately in case of doubts about the correct operation of the level gauge.
5.3.3. The tanks must be closed for unauthorized access and sealed, the integrity of the seal is checked during the inspection of the equipment, but at least once a quarter.
5.3.4. The water in the tank should not contain mechanical impurities that could clog pipelines, metering washers and sprinklers.
5.3.5. To prevent decay and blooming of water, it is recommended to disinfect it with bleach at the rate of 100 g of lime per 1 m of water.
5.3.6. Replace the water in the tank annually at autumn time... When changing the water, the bottom and inner walls of the tank are cleaned of dirt and build-up, the damaged color is restored or completely renewed.
5.3.7. Before the onset of frost, at buried tanks, the gap between the upper and lower hatch covers must be filled with insulating material.
5.4. Suction pipeline
5.4.1. Once a quarter, the condition of the bushings, valves, measuring instruments and a water intake well is checked.
5.4.2. Before the onset of frost, the fittings in the water intake well should be inspected, repaired if necessary, and the well should be insulated.
5.5. Pumping station
5.5.1. Before testing the pumps it is necessary to check: the tightening of the glands; the level of lubrication in the bearing tanks; correct tightening of foundation bolts, pump cover nuts and bearings; suction-side piping connections and the pumps themselves.
5.5.2. Once a month, pumps and other equipment of the pumping station should be inspected, cleaned of dust and dirt.
5.5.3. Each fire pump must be switched on at least twice a month to create the required pressure, which is recorded in the operational log.
5.5.4. At least once a month, the reliability of the transfer of all fire pumps to the main and backup power supply should be checked with the registration of the results in the operational log.
5.5.5. If there is a special tank for filling the pumps with water, the latter must be inspected and painted annually.
5.5.6: Once every three years, pumps and motors according to paragraph 5.1.5. of this Model Instruction must undergo an audit, during which all existing deficiencies are eliminated.
Repair and replacement of worn-out parts, check of oil seals are carried out as needed.
5.5.7. The pumping station must be kept clean. In the absence of duty, it must be locked. One of the spare keys must be kept on the control panel and indicated on the door.
5.6. Pressure and distribution pipelines
5.6.1. Once a quarter, it is necessary to check:
no leaks and deflections of pipelines;
the presence of a constant slope (not less than 0.01 for pipes with a diameter of up to 50 mm and 0.005 for pipes with a diameter of 50 mm and more);
the condition of the pipe fittings;
lack of contact with electric wires and cables;
condition of painting, absence of dirt and dust.
Discovered deficiencies that could affect the reliability of the installation should be eliminated immediately.
5.6.2. The pressure pipeline must be always ready for action, i.e. filled with water and under operating pressure.
5.7. Control units and shut-off valves
5.7.1. For automatic installation of water fire extinguishing of transformers and cable structures in locking and starting devices, electrified steel valves with automatic start-up, grade 30s 941nzh, should be used; 30s 986nzh; 30s 996nzh with a working pressure of 1.6 MPa, repair valves with a manual drive brand 30s 41nzh with a working pressure of 1.6 MPa.
5.7.2. The condition of the control units and valves, the presence of a seal, the pressure values \u200b\u200bbefore and after the control units must be monitored at least once a month.
5.7.3. An inspection should be carried out once every six months electrical circuit actuation of the control unit with its automatic activation from the fire detector when the valve is closed.
5.7.4. The installation site of the control unit should be well lit, inscriptions on pipelines or special stencils (unit number, protected area, type of sprinklers and their number) should be made with indelible bright paint and clearly visible.
5.7.5. Any damage to valves, valves and non-return valves that could affect the reliability of the fire extinguishing system must be repaired immediately.
5.8. Sprinklers
5.8.1. As water sprinklers for automatic fire extinguishing of transformers, sprinklers OPDR-15 are used with a working water pressure in front of the sprinklers within 0.2-0.6 MPa; for automatic fire extinguishing of cable structures, sprinklers DV, DVM with a working pressure of 0.2-0.4 MPa are used.
5.8.2. When inspecting the switchgear equipment, but at least once a month, the sprinklers must be inspected and cleaned of dust and dirt. If a malfunction or corrosion is detected, measures must be taken to eliminate them.
5.8.3. When carrying out repair work, sprinklers must be protected from plaster and paint (for example, plastic or paper caps, etc.). Traces of paint and mortar found after repair must be removed.
5.8.5. To replace faulty or damaged sprinklers, a reserve of 10-15% of the total number of installed sprinklers must be created.
5.9. Pneumatic tank and compressor
5.9.1. The inclusion of the pneumatic tank in operation should be carried out in the following sequence:
fill the pneumatic tank with water to about 50% of its volume (control the level on the water gauge glass);
turn on the compressor or open the valve on the compressed air line;
raise the pressure in the pneumatic tank to the working pressure (controlled by the pressure gauge), then connect the pneumatic tank to the pressure pipeline, creating a working pressure in it.
5.9.2. An external inspection of the pneumatic tank should be carried out daily, check the water level and air pressure in the pneumatic tank. When the air pressure drops by 0.05 MPa (in relation to the working one), it is pumped up.
The compressor is tested at idle speed once a week.
5.9.3. Maintenance of the pneumatic tank and compressor, carried out once a year, includes:
Emptying, inspection and cleaning of the pneumatic tank;
- removal and testing of the safety valve at the stand (in case of malfunction, replace with a new one);
- painting of the surface of the pneumatic tank (indicate the date of repair on the surface);
- detailed inspection of the compressor (replace worn parts and fittings);
- execution of all others technical requirementsprovided by the factory passports and operating instructions for the pneumatic tank and compressor.
5.9.4. It is prohibited to turn off the pneumatic tank from the fire extinguishing installation diagram.
5.9.5. The inspection of the pneumatic tank is carried out by a special commission with the participation of representatives of the Gosgortekhnadzor, local authorities of the State Fire Supervision and this energy company.
Note. The compressor should only be started up manually. In this case, it is necessary to monitor the level in the pneumatic tank, since when the compressor is automatically turned on, water can be squeezed out of the pneumatic tank and even from the network by air.
5.10. Pressure gauges
5.10.1. The correctness of the readings of the pressure gauges installed on the pneumatic tanks should be checked once a month, installed on the pipelines - once every six months.
5.10.2. Full check at the fire extinguishing installation all pressure gauges with their sealing or stamping must be carried out annually in accordance with the current regulation.
6. ORGANIZATION AND REQUIREMENTS FOR REPAIR WORKS FOR OPERATION OF AUTOMATIC WATER FIRE EXTINGUISHING UNITS
6.1. During the repair of the technological equipment of the fire extinguishing installation, one should, first of all, be guided by the requirements of the passport, the instructions of the plant for the operation of specific equipment, the requirements of the relevant standards and technical conditions, as well as the requirements of this Model Instruction.
6.2. When replacing a pipe section at a bend minimum radius internal bending curve steel pipes when bending them in a cold state, should be at least four outer diameters, in a hot state - at least three.
There should be no folds, cracks or other defects on the bent part of the pipe. Ovality at bending points is allowed no more than 10% (determined by the ratio of the difference between the largest and smallest outer diameters of the bent pipe to the outer diameter of the pipe before bending).
6.3. The difference in wall thickness and displacement of the edges of abutting pipes and pipeline parts should not exceed 10% of the wall thickness and should be no more than 3 mm. ...
6.4. Before welding, the edges of the pipe ends to be welded and the adjacent surfaces must be cleaned of rust and dirt to a width of at least 20 mm.
6.5. Welding of each joint must be performed without interruption until the entire joint is fully welded.
6.6. The welded joint of pipes should be rejected if the following defects are found:
cracks emerging on the surface of the seam or base metal in the welding zone;
sagging or undercuts in the transition zone from the base metal to the weld metal;
burn-throughs;
irregularities weld in width and height, as well as its deviations from the axis.
6.7. In especially damp rooms with a chemically active environment, the pipe fastening structures must be made of steel profiles with a thickness of at least 4 mm. Piping and fastening structures must be covered protective varnish or paint.
6.8. Open-laid pipeline connections should be located outside walls, partitions, ceilings and other building structures of buildings.
6.9. Fastening pipelines to building structures buildings should be produced with normalized supports and hangers. Welding of pipelines directly to metal structures of buildings and structures, as well as to elements of technological equipment is not allowed.
6.10. Welding of supports and hangers to building structures should be carried out without weakening their mechanical strength.
6.11. Sagging and bending of pipelines are not allowed.
6.12. Each pipe bend over 0.5 m in length must be secured. The distance from hangers to welded and threaded joints of pipes must be at least 100 mm.
6.13. Newly installed sprinklers must be cleaned of preservative grease and checked with a hydraulic pressure of 1.25 MPa (12.5 kgf / cm2) for 1 minute.
The average service life of sprinklers is determined at least 10 years.
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