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Publisher: VNIIPO EMERCOM of the Russian Federation
Year of publication: 2002
Pages: 431.
The authors of the compilers set themselves the task of focusing in a small amount of allowance to maximize the main provisions of a large number of regulatory documents related to the design of fire automation.
The norms of design of water and foam AUP are given.
The features of the design of modular and robotic fire extinguishing facilities are considered, as well as the AUP with reference to high-altitude mechanized warehouses.
Particular attention is paid to a detailed presentation of the rules for the development of a technical task for design, the main provisions on the coordination and approval of this task are formulated.
The content and procedure for designing a working draft are prescribed in detail, including an explanatory note.
The main volume of educational and methodological manual and the application to it contains the necessary reference material, in particular terms and definitions, conditional notation, recommended by the regulatory and technical documentation and technical literature in relation to various types of water and foamy, list of manufacturers of water-based AUP, designers of water design and foam AUP, including the fulfillment of calculations and drawing up drawings.
In detail describes the main provisions of the current domestic regulatory and technical documentation in the field of water-based AUP.
It describes the hydraulic calculation algorithm of the AUP hydraulic networks, intensity; Irrigation, specific consumption, consumption and pressure section of the water and foam distribution pipeline. The algorithm for calculating the specific consumption of water curtains created by the general purpose irrigation is given.
The educational and methodological manual corresponds to the main provisions of the current NTD in the field of AUP and may be useful for training employees of organizations engaged in the design of automatic fire extinguishing installations. The manual may be of interest to managers of enterprises and engineering and technical composition specializing in the field of automatic fire protection of objects.
Similar sections
see also
Baburov V.P., Babinur V.V., Fomin V.I., Smirnov V.I. Production and fire automation (part 2)
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- size: 9.45 MB
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Automatic fire extinguishing / tutorial settings. - M.: Academy of GPS Emergencies Ministry of Russia, 2007. - 298C. The textbook considers the principles for building technical means of fire automation. Methods for calculating plants of water, foam, gas, powder and aerosol fire extinguishing are given. The principles of constructing automatic fire protection systems of objects, the functioning of the installation instrument of installations and microprocessor systems are set out. Dana OS ...
Baratov A.N., Ivanov E.N. Fire extinguishing at the enterprises of the chemical and refineries
- file format: DJVU
- size: 3.9 MB
- added: July 21, 2011
M. 1979, 368 pp. The book contains information about the conditions for the emergence, development and suppression of fires, the theoretical foundations of the mechanism of exposure to various flames for the flame are described, and fire extinguishing methods are described and analyzed. The newest technical and scientific advances in the settlement, design and practical use of fire protection systems are reflected. Different types of fire settings are considered ...
Bolotin E.T., Majara I.I., Pestmal N.F. Design of automatic fire extinguishing installations
- file format: PDF
- size: 5.91 MB
- added: November 20, 2011
Kiev: Budvelnik, 1980. - 116 p. Series: Builder Library. The designer engineer in the book provides classification and brief characteristics of fire extinguishes and automatic fire extinguishing installations, the choice and methodology for calculating automatic installations in the design of industrial buildings and structures, depending on the various conditions (functional, technological, planning and other); Lights automation issues ...
Isavnin N.V. Powder fire extinguishing agents
- file format: DJVU
- size: 29.84 MB
- added: July 12, 2011
M.: Stroyzdat, 1983 Theoretical foundations for calculating the pneumatic transportation of fire extinguishing powders with a high concentration of the mixture are outlined. The requirements for designing powder fire extinguishing devices are formulated. The main sizes of powder plants are considered and examples of their use are given to extinguish fires of gas and oil fountains, high-resistant warehouses, basement, oil-and-oil railway overpass ...
Lagunova M.N. Fire safety costs
- file format: doc
- size: 149.5 KB
- added: November 13, 2011
// "Russian Tax Courier", N 23, December 2010 - 17 C. Table of Contents Declaration of Fire Safety and Evaluation of Fire Risk Procedure for Distinguishing Declaration Reflection of Expenditures to Drawing the Declaration Primary Fire Extinguishing Means Expenditure Expenses for the purchase of fire extinguishing funds Expenses for fire extinguishers fire extinguishers Fire alarm costs for fire alarm in its own building Fire alarm costs in the rented s ...
Educational posters - fire safety. Firefighting
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- size: 6.2 MB
- added: February 23, 2011
Fire extinguishing systems are an integral part of the security of any object. They are automatic, autonomous or can be driven with human participation. But all of them combines one purpose and general functions. Regardless of the configuration, they must ensure the safety of the object (premises, buildings, compartment, etc.), therefore the design of fire extinguishing systems occurs taking into account the rules established by legislative and regulatory acts. For this, experts make calculations and determine the characteristics of the object.
Basics of creation and responsibility
At what stage is the design of fire extinguishing? Most often, such systems are planned before the construction of the building. To install in an existing object, a project of systems is created by analogy with fire alarm.
In most cases, it is developing a design organization, but sometimes other options are also possible. The solution of this issue depends on the complexity of the task and risks associated with the occurrence of fire. Responsibility for the design lies on its developer and partially at the customer.
The statement of the project in state supervisory bodies is not required if there are no deviations from it in the construction process. In other situations, approval is necessary.
However, in practice, customers and designers of automatic fire extinguishing systems are treated to state supervisory authorities for approval to make sure that the planned technical solutions with the current standards and get a kind of audit before passing the facility.
The project consists of two parts - theoretical and graphic. The first describes the selected equipment, materials and causes for this. Decisions are necessarily reinforced by calculations. For example, for water or water fire extinguishing systems, the amount of fire extinguishing agent is sufficient to eliminate and localize the fire.
To reinforce the design of arguments, calculations of the number of elements of the system (modules, aggregates) are made. All this is a confirmation of the effectiveness of the scheduled object protection.
The graphic part includes floor plans indicating equipment accommodation, system connection schemes of the system, cable wiring and other communications, in particular for the fire water supply line.
Parameters in design
Designing fire extinguishing installations - largely an individual process that affects the features of the object. Before its creation is determined by:
- appointment of an object (public, industrial, residential building, warehouse, etc.);
- constructive and planning features of the building;
- the presence and placement of communications (power grid, plumbing, if necessary, etc.);
- temperature and other environmental features in a building or room;
- classification of a building along a fire and explosion hazard.
The first item is especially important for design, as special rules apply for a separate object category. In addition, the choice of equipment and fire extinguishing agent depends on the building. Powder is not suitable for warehouses with rubber products (automotive tires) or wood. And water should not be hungry hot coal and many metals, despite the efficiency and popularity of these substances in other cases.
Floor plans for design clearly indicate the arrangement and number of equipment. For example, the design of systems and gas fire extinguishing systems always assumes a certain number of modules for efficient operation when changing, smoke.
If the project is developed before the construction of the facility, this largely simplifies the planning of fire extinguishing systems .Then communication (water supply, electrical networks) is calculated so that they ensure the operation of all elements.
If the installation is made for a ready-made building or structure, the customer provides schemas and drawings of existing communications to connect water, foam, gas systems to them.
The question of compatibility affects the content of the system. According to the rules, all elements should work well and prove it at the design stage. If you need to replace the sensor or other device that stopped producing and selling, choose analogue, it is desirable to confirm its compatibility in the project organization.
The indoors measure the differences of air temperature. This affects the choice of the type of system and the stages of its design. Sometimes the choice of fire extinguishing substance depends on this, since they are not all suitable for extinguishing at low temperatures, but most often this indicator determines the type of sensors and their setting. The design of water and foam automatic fire extinguishing installations takes into account the air temperature in the room when the choice of sprinkler sprinklers is justified.
Classification of buildings will help determine which substances and materials are used and are indoors. This parameter is a supplement to the rest affecting the choice of the type of fire extinguishing systems and the places of their installation at the initial stages of the design.
Features of the choice of building lead to the use of gas or after justification in the theoretical part of the documentation.
The main characteristics of fire extinguishing systems, which take into account when designing, can be reduced into a single list:
- type of fire extinguishing substance;
- extinguishing method;
- constructive execution;
- launch method.
Calculations during the design are carried out on the standards and rules corresponding to the specific type of installations and a fire extinguishing agent. For foam systems and hydraulic tests are carried out according to operational documentation.
The type of system is important for calculating the response time and the boundaries of the protected zone. The first, it allows us to find out efficiency. Secondly, learn whether people from a building or room will be evacuated. It is known that powder fire extinguishing can cause harm to the human body, like gas. Calculations for the premises under consideration are made for the most dangerous factors of fire.
Features of the design of various systems
Water fire extinguishing has a lot of advantages and is widespread. In his favor, we can give the problem of other types of systems: after installation, the load on their elements is significantly increased and does not coincide with the calculations in the theoretical part of the project for various reasons. Then you have to make changes to the project to achieve the legality of the re-equipment of the system.
However, it is not characteristic. Its use is justified in premises with a large cluster of people, it is effectively cooled, and the cost of equipment is relatively low.
Foam fire extinguishing, as well as water, is a sprinkler and drainage type, depending on the constructive execution and starting after responding to sensors or manual start. Particular attention is paid to the form of a jet and coverage of the protected area.
It is necessary to calculate the optimal diameter of the pipeline to ensure the effect of the fire extinguishing agent on the structural elements. The difference of foaming from - the terms of use and maintenance (characteristics of the room, materials and substances in it).
Another almost universal version is a powder fire extinguishing. Such systems require thorough calculations of the number of modules that should cover the room. Full protection of the object is also ensured by their correct placement, which is included in the design plan.
Section 1. Norms and rules for the design of water and foaming AUP1. Traditional installation of water and foam fire extinguishing
2. Features of the design of the AUP stationary high-altitude shelving warehouses
3. Features of designing fire extinguishing installations with sprayed water
4. Features of the design of robotic fire extinguishing installations and fire extinguishing facilities with stationary remote controlled boilers
5. Pumping stations
6. Requirements for the placement and maintenance of component equipment AUP
7. Requirements for water supply and preparation of foamy
8. Requirements for automatic and auxiliary water supplies
9. Requirements for pipelines
10. Power supply installations
11. Electrical control and alarm
Section 2. Procedure for developing a task to design AUP
1. Study of the features of the protected object
2. General provisions on the procedure for the development, coordination and approval of the design task
3. Basic requirements for AUP
4. Procedure for the design task
5. Procedure for designing design
6. List of documentation submitted by the organization-developer organization-customer
Section III. Procedure for the development of the project AUP
1. Justification of the choice of AUP
2. The composition of design and estimate documentation
3. Workers drawings
Section IV. Hydraulic calculation of water and foaming installations
1. Hydraulic calculation of water and foaming installations (low and medium multiplicity) fire extinguishing
2. Determination of the specific consumption of irriments to create water curtains
3. Pump installations
Section V. Coordination and General Principles of Expertise Projects AUP
1. Coordination of the projects of the AUP with the police officers
2. General Principles Examination of Projects AUP
Section VI. Regulatory documents, requirements of which are subject to accounting when developing a project for water and foam fire extinguishing installations
LITERATURE
Appendix 1 Terms and Definitions Applied to Water and Foam AUP
Appendix 2 Conditional graphic designations of the AUP and their elements
Appendix 3 Definition of the Specific Fire Load
Appendix 4 List of products subject to mandatory fire safety certification (fire safety equipment)
Appendix 5 Manufacturers of water and foaming products
Appendix 6 Technical means of Water and Foam AUP
Appendix 7 Handbook of Basic Prices for Design Works on Fire Protection Objects
Appendix 8 List of buildings, structures, premises and equipment to be protected by automatic fire extinguishing installations
Appendix 9 Example of calculating the sprinkler (drakecal) distribution network of water and foaming AUP
Appendix 10 Example of Water AUP's work project
Appendix 11 Example of technical assignment to the development of a Water AUP's work project
Appendix 12 Example of a Water AUP Water Project Workshop
Reference section
Ministry of Education and Science of the Russian Federation
Ufa State Aviation Technical University
Department "Fire safety"
Estimated graphic work
Topic: Calculation of automatic water fire extinguishing installation
Leader:
assistant Department
"Fire safety" Gardanova E.V.
Executor
student of the PB-205 BB
Gafurova RD
Cumbling book No. 210149
Ufa, 2012
The task
In this paper, it is necessary to perform an axonometric scheme of the water automatic fire extinguishing system with an indication of the sizes and diameters of pipes, the location of the rods and the necessary equipment.
Tale of the hydraulic calculation for the selected diameters of pipelines. Determine the calculated flow rate of automatic water fire extinguishing.
Perform a pressure calculation, which should provide a pumping station and select equipment for the pumping station.
installation Fire extinguishing Pipeline Pipeline
annotation
RGP at the course "Production and fire automation" is aimed at solving specific installation tasks and maintenance of fire automation installations.
This paper shows the ways of applying theoretical knowledge to solve engineering problems on the creation of fire protection systems of buildings.
In the course of work:
technical and regulatory documentation, regulating the design, installation and operation of fire extinguishing installations;
the technique of technological calculations is given to ensure the required parameters of the fire extinguishing installation;
the rules for the application of technical literature and regulatory documents on the creation of fire protection systems are shown.
The implementation of the RGP contributes to the development of students from independent work and the formation of a creative approach to solving engineering problems on the creation of fire protection systems for buildings.
annotation
Introduction
Initial data
Estimated formulas
Basic principles of fire extinguishing installation
1 Principle of operation of the pumping station
2 Principle of operation of the sprinkler installation
Designing water fire extinguishing installation. Hydraulic calculation
Choosing equipment
Conclusion
Bibliography
Introduction
The greatest distribution was currently automatic water fire extinguishing systems. They are used on large areas to protect trade and multifunctional centers, administrative buildings, sports complexes, hotels, businesses, garages and parking lots, banks, energy facilities, military facilities and special-purpose facilities, warehouses, residential buildings and cottages.
In my version, the task is the object of the production of alcohols, ethers with utility rooms, which, in accordance with paragraph 2 of the table A.1, applications and the rules of the rules 5.13130.2009, regardless of the area, should have an automatic fire extinguishing system. The remaining utility facilities of the object in accordance with the requirements of this table to equip the automatic fire extinguishing system optionally. Walls and overlaps are reinforced concrete.
The main type of fire load is alcohols and ethers. In accordance with the table, make a solution that it is possible to use a solution of a foaming agent to extinguish.
The main fireload in the object with a height of 4 meters is proceeds from the repair area, which, in accordance with the table of Appendix B of the Code of Rules 5.13130.2009, refers to 4.2 of the premises group by the degree of danger of fire development, depending on their functional purpose and fire load of combustible materials.
The facility does not contain rooms of categories a and b along the explosion hazard in accordance with SP 5.13130.2009 and explosive areas in accordance with PUE.
To extinguish with possible fires in the object, taking into account the combustible loading, it is possible to use a solution of the foaming agent.
To equip an object of the production of alcohols, ethers will choose the automatic installation of the foaming of the splinker type, filled with a solution of the foaming agent. Under the foaming agents, concentrated aqueous solutions of surfactants (surfactants) are meant, designed to obtain special solutions of wetteries or foams. The use of similar foaming agents during fire extinguishing makes it possible to significantly reduce the intensity of combustion after 1.5-2 minutes. Ways to effect on the source of fire depend on the type of the foaming agent used in the fire extinguisher, but the basic principles of operation are one for all:
due to the fact that the foam has a mass, much smaller than the mass of any flammable liquid, it covers the surface of the fuel, thereby suppressing the fire;
the use of water included in the foaming agent allows for a few seconds to reduce the fuel temperature to the level in which the burning becomes impossible;
foam effectively prevents the further propagation of hot evaporations, resulting in a fire, which makes re-inflammation almost impossible.
Thanks to these features, foaming agents are actively used for fire extinguishing in petrochemical and chemical industries, where there is a high risk of combustion of combustion and flammable liquids. These substances do not pose a threat to the health or life of people, and their traces easily removed from the premises.
1. Source data
The hydraulic calculation is performed in accordance with the requirements of the SP 5.13130.2009 "Fire extinguishing and alarm installations. Norms and design rules "according to the method described in Appendix V.
The protected object is the size of the room 30x48x4m, in terms of the rectangle. The total area of \u200b\u200bthe object is 1440 m2.
The initial data for the production of alcohols, esters in accordance with a certain group of premises we find from table 5.1 of this Code of the rules of the section "Water and Foil Foaming Installations":
irrigation intensity - 0.17 l / (C * m2);
area for calculating water consumption - 180 m2;
the minimum water flow consumption is 65 l / s;
the maximum distance between the rods is 3 m;
the selected maximum area controlled by one sprinkler irrigator is 12m2.
duration of work - 60 min.
To protect the warehouse, we choose the irrigation of the SPO0-RUO (D) 0.74-R1 / 2 / P57 (68,79,93,141,182). V3- "SPE-15" according to "SpecialAvtomatics" with the performance coefficient K \u003d 0.74 (by those .documents to the irrigation).
2. Estimated formulas
Estimated water consumption through a dictating rod, located in the dictational protected irrigated area, determine by the formula
where Q1 is the flow rate of the DC through the dictating rod, l / s; - the coefficient of productivity of the irrimization of the technical documentation for the product, L / (C · MPa0.5);
P - pressure in front of the irrimber, MPa.
The flow rate of the first dictational rod is the calculated value of Q1-2 on the L1-2 section between the first and second rinsing
The diameter of the pipeline on the L1-2 plot assigns a designer or is determined by the formula
where D1-2 is the diameter between the first and second rods of the pipeline, mm; -2 - the flow rate of the response, l / s;
μ is a consumption coefficient; - water speed, m / s (should not exceed 10 m / s).
The diameter is increased to the nearest nominal value according to GOST 28338.
P1-2 pressure losses on the L1-2 section are determined by the formula
where Q1-2 is the total flow rate of the first and second rods, L / s; T - the specific characteristics of the pipeline, L6 / C2;
A is the specific resistance of the pipeline, depending on the diameter and roughness of the walls, C2 / L6.
The resistivity and the specific hydraulic characteristics of pipelines for pipes (carbon materials) of various diameters are given in table B.1.<#"606542.files/image005.gif">
The hydraulic characteristic of the rows, made structurally equally, determined by the generalized characteristic of the calculated part of the pipeline.
The generalized characteristic of the row I is determined from the expression
Pressure loss on the A-B section for symmetric and asymmetric circuits are found according to the formula.
Pressure at point B will be
PB \u003d PA + PA-B.
Water consumption from row II Determine by the formula
The calculation of all subsequent rows to obtain the estimated (actual) consumption of water and the corresponding pressure to it is similar to the calculation of the row II.
Symmetric and asymmetrical ring circuits we calculate similarly to the impasamy network, but at 50% of the calculated water consumption for each semiring.
3. Basic principles of fire extinguishing installation
Automatic installation of fire extinguishing consists of the following main elements: automatic fire extinguishing station with an input (suction) system and supply (pressure) pipelines; - control nodes with a system of feed and distribution pipelines with sprinkler rods installed on them.
1 Principle of operation of the pumping station
In the on duty mode of operation, the feed and distribution pipelines of the sprinkler installations are constantly filled with water and are under pressure, providing constant readiness for fire extinguishing. The jockey pump is turned on when the pressure signaling is triggered.
In case of fire, when the pressure on the jockey pump (in the feed pipe) drops, when the pressure signaling signal is triggered, a working fire pump is turned on, providing a full consumption. At the same time, when the fire pump is turned on, the fire alarm signal is fed into the fire safety system of the object.
If the electric motor of the working fire pump does not turn on or the pump does not provide the calculated pressure, then 10 s turns on the backup fire pump motor. The pulse on the power on the backup pump is supplied from the pressure warning device installed on the pressure pipe of the working pump.
When you turn on the working fire pump, the jockey pump automatically turns off. After eliminating the fire focus, the cessation of water supply to the system is performed manually, for which fire pumps are turned off and the valve is closed in front of the control knot.
3.2 Principle of operation of the sprinkler installation
In the occurrence of lighting in the room, protecting the sprinkler section, and increasing the air temperature of more than 68 "with a heat lock (glass flask) of the sprinkler sprinkler. Water in the distribution pipes under pressure, pushes the valve, overlapping the outlet of the sprinkler, and it is open. Water From the sprinkler rink enters the room; the pressure in the network drops. When pressure drops, 0.1 MPa is triggered by pressure signals installed on the pressure pipe, the pulse is fed to turn on the working pump.
The pump takes water from the urban water supply network, bypassing the waterway assembly, and serves it in the system of fire extinguishing pipelines. In this case, the jockey pump automatically turns off. Liquid flow signaling devices When a fire occurs on one of the floors, duplicate the signals about the operation of the water fire extinguishing installation (thereby identifying the location of the sunbathing) and simultaneously disable the power supply system of the corresponding floor.
Simultaneously with the automatic inclusion of fire extinguishing installation to the room of a fire post with a 24-hour stay of operational staff, signals about fire, incorporating pumps and the beginning of the installation in the appropriate direction. In this case, the light alarm is accompanied by sound.
4. Designing water fire extinguishing installation. Hydraulic calculation
The hydraulic calculation is performed on the most remote and highly refined ("dictator") irrigation system from the condition of the operation of all the rods, the most remote from the water maintenance and mounted on the calculated area.
We plan the trace of the pipeline network and the plan for placing the irrigances and select the dictating protected irrigated area on the hydraulic schema of the AUU, on which the dictating irrigator is located and the hydraulic calculation of the AUP.
Determination of the estimated water consumption on the protected area.
Determination of consumption and pressure in front of the "dictating irrigator" (consumption at point 1 in the scheme in Appendix 1) is determined by the formula:
\u003d K √ H
The flow rate of the "dictational" rod should ensure the regulatory irrigation intensity, so:
min \u003d I * S \u003d 0.17 * 12 \u003d 2.04 l / s, thus, Q1 ≥ 2.04 l / s
Note. When calculating, it is necessary to take into account the number of rods protecting the calculated area. On the calculated area of \u200b\u200b180 m2 there are 4 rows of 5 and 4 irrigances, the total consumption must be at least 60 l / s (see Table 5.2 SP 5.13130.2009 for 4.2 of the room of the premises). Thus, when calculating the pressure in front of the "dictating" rod, it is necessary to consider that to ensure the minimum required flow rate of the fire extinguishing, the flow rate (which means the pressure) of each rod will have to be enlarged. That is, in our case, if consumption from the rod to take equal to 2.04 l / s, then the total consumption of irrigances will be approximately equal to 2.04 * 18 \u003d 37 l / s, and taking into account the different pressure in front of the rods, it will be a little more, but This value does not correspond to the required consumption of 65 l / s. Thus, it is necessary to choose the pressure in front of the rod so that the total consumption of 18 irrigances located on the calculated area was more than 65 l / s. To do this: 65/18 \u003d 3,611, i.e. The flow rate of the dictation rod must be more than 3.6 l / s. After conducting several options for calculations in the draft, we determine the required head before the "dictating" irrigator. In our case, H \u003d 24 M.V. \u003d 0.024MP.
(1) \u003d k √ H \u003d 0.74√24 \u003d 3.625 l / s;
Calculate the diameter of the pipeline in the row by the following formula:
From where we get 5 m / c from the water flow rate, the value d \u003d 40 mm and we will take a value of 50 mm.
Power loss on a plot 1-2: DH (1-2) \u003d Q (1) * Q (1) * L (1-2) / Km \u003d 3,625 * 3,625 * 6/110 \u003d 0.717 M.V. \u003d 0.007MPA;
To determine the flow rate from the 2nd rod, calculate the pressure in front of the 2nd Irripe:
H (2) \u003d H (1) + DH (1-2) \u003d 24 + 0.717 \u003d 24,717 M.V.
Consumption from the 2nd Irripe: Q (2) \u003d k √ H \u003d 0.74√24,717 \u003d 3.679 l / s;
Power loss on the section 2-3: DH (2-3) \u003d (Q (1) + Q (2)) * (Q (1) + Q (2)) * L (2-3) / KM \u003d 7,304 * 7,304 * 1.5 / 110 \u003d 0.727 m. from;
Pressure at point 3: H (3) \u003d H (2) + DH (2-3) \u003d 24,717 + 0.727 \u003d 25,444 m.V.
The total consumption of the right branch of the first row is Q1 + Q2 \u003d 7.304 l / s.
Since the right and left branches of the first row are designed equally equally (2 rod), then the left branch consumption will also be 7.304 l / s. The total consumption of the first row is q i \u003d 14,608 l / s.
Consumption in T.3 is in half, since the feed pipe is made deadlock. Therefore, when calculating the pressure losses in the area 4-5 will be taken into account the consumption of the first row. Q (3-4) \u003d 14.608 l / s.
Value d \u003d 150 mm We will accept for the main pipeline.
Power loss on site 3-4:
(3-4) \u003d Q (3) * Q (3) * L (3-4) / Km \u003d 14,608 * 14,608 * 3/36920 \u003d 0.017 m. from;
The pressure at point 4: H (4) \u003d H (3) + DH (3-4) \u003d 25,444 + 0.017 \u003d 25,461 m. from;
To determine the flow of the 2nd row, it is necessary to determine the coefficient to:
That is, B \u003d Q (3) * Q (3) / H (3) \u003d 8.39
Thus, the consumption of the 2nd row is equal:
Ii \u003d √8, 39 * 24,918 \u003d 14,616 l / s;
The total consumption of 2 row: qi + qii \u003d 14,608 + 14,616 \u003d 29,224 l / s;
Similarly, I find (4-5) \u003d Q (4) * Q (4) * L (4-5) / km \u003d 29,224 * 29,224 * 3/36920 \u003d 0.069 m. from;
The pressure at point 5: H (5) \u003d H (4) + DH (4-5) \u003d 25,461 + 0.069 \u003d 25.53 m. from;
Since the next 2 row are asymmetric, we find the consumption of the 3rd row as follows:
That is, B \u003d Q (1) * Q (1) / h (4) \u003d 3,625 * 3,625 / 25,461 \u003d 0.5165 (√0.516 * 25.53 \u003d 3,629 l / s; (5) \u003d 14,616 +3,629 \u003d 18,245 l / C \u003d Q (5) * Q (5) / H (5) \u003d 13.04iii \u003d √13.04 * 25.53 \u003d 18.24 l / s;
Summary consumption of 3 row: Q (3 rows) \u003d 47.464 l / s;
The loss of pressure on the section 5-6: (5-6) \u003d Q (6) * Q (6) * L (5-6) / Km \u003d 47,464 * 47,464 * 3/36920 \u003d 0.183 m. from;
The pressure at point 6: H (6) \u003d H (5) + DH (5-6) \u003d 25.53 + 0.183 \u003d 25.713 m. from;
Iv \u003d √13.04 * 25,713 \u003d 18.311 l / s;
Summary consumption of 4 rows: Q (4 rows) \u003d 65,775 l / s;
Thus, the estimated consumption is equal to 65.775 l / s, which meets the requirements of regulatory documents\u003e 65 l / s.
The required pressure at the beginning of the installation (near the fire pump) is calculated from the following components:
head in front of the "dictating" rod;
pressure loss in the distribution pipeline;
power loss in the feed pipeline;
pressure loss in the control node;
the difference between the pump marks and the "dictating" rod.
Power loss in the control node:
. factory,
The required pressure, which should provide a pumping unit, is determined by the formula:
tr \u003d 24 + 4 + 8.45 + (9,622) * 0.2 + 9,622 \u003d 47.99 M.V. \u003d 0.48 MPa
General water consumption for sprinkler fire extinguishing: (4 rows) \u003d 65.775 l / s \u003d 236.79 m3 / h
Required pressure:
tr \u003d 48 M.V. \u003d 0.48 MPa
5. Equipment selection
Calculations were carried out taking into account the selected SPOO-RUPO irrichrine, 74-R1 / 2 / P57. SPU-15 "-Bronz with a diameter of the outlet 15 mm.
Taking into account the specifics of the object (a unique multifunctional building with a massive stay of people), a complex system of pipeline internal fireproof water pipes, the pumping unit is selected with the reserve of the pressure of the pressure.
The extinguishing time is 60 minutes, that is, it is necessary to submit 234,000 liters of water.
The project solution is selected Pump Irtysh-MDC 150 / 400-55 / 4 The number of revolutions of 1500 rpm, which has a stock as in H \u003d 48 M.V., and according to Q. pump \u003d 65m.
Performance pumps are shown in the figure.
Conclusion
This RGR provides the results of the studied methods for designing automatic fire extinguishing installations, and calculations necessary for the design of the automatic fire extinguishing installation.
According to the results of the hydraulic calculation, the placement of the irrigances in order to achieve water consumption on fire extinguishing on the protected area is 65 l / s. To ensure the regulatory intensity of irrigation, the pressure will be required 48 m.
Equipment for installations is chosen, based on the regulatory minimum value of irrigation intensity, calculated flow values \u200b\u200band the desired pressure.
Bibliography
1 SP 5.13130.2009. Fire alarm installation and fire extinguishing automatic. Norms and design rules.
Federal Law No. 123 - FZ "Technical Regulations on Fire Safety Requirements" of July 22, 2008
Design of water and foam automatic fire extinguishing installations / L.M. Mesman, s.g. Tsarichenko, V.A. Mobinkin, V.V. Aleshin, R.Yu. Gubin; Under total. N.P. Kopylova. - M: VNIIPO EMERCOM of the Russian Federation, 2002.-413 p.
Internet sites of fire-fighting manufacturers
This is the most responsible stage of work preceding directly installation of the water fire extinguishing system. To compile a correct project, you need to know all the quantitative quality characteristics of the equipment for each room. It is also necessary to accurately calculate the results of the interaction of the fire extinguishing system with other engineering networks (different panels and sensors should have different power sources, the water supply system must have a backup pump, duplicate systems and other items).
The successful implementation of this stage depends on the preservation of material values, and the lives of people. Moreover, if an error is committed in the project, even the best installation may be useless. It is impossible to save here, but no one wants to spend too much. Therefore, let's understand during the installation and choice of water fire extinguishing system.
Types of water fire extinguishing systems.
The whole range of water fire extinguishing systems popular today can be divided into two parts: sprinkler and dramet. The first is best suited to suppress local fires in different rooms. The second is better working to prevent the spread of the emergence.
Sprinkler water fire extinguishing systems are more simple in the design, so it is easier to be mounted and put into operation. Also, these devices are distinguished by great reliability due to the simplicity of the operation mechanism (from overheating the valve and water begins to enter the room).