Honeysuckle has literally burst into Russian gardens in recent decades!
From a culture once rare, now honeysuckle has become one of the main berry bushes in our gardens.
However, the price of honeysuckle berries is kept at a very high level. For example, in Ukraine the price of a kilogram of honeysuckle berries is 5-7 times higher than the cost of garden strawberries, and in Moscow - 3-5 times more. In Novosibirsk and Tomsk, honeysuckle always bears fruit better than strawberries, and even there it is 1.5-2 times more expensive than it.
Honeysuckle with tasty and healthy fruits, giving large yields, is the pride of Russian scientists and the hope of our gardeners.
In the selection of honeysuckle, Russia has significantly outstripped other countries, having serious successes and advantages. After all, our climate is the best suited for growing this wonderful berry crop. And in a milder climate, it is difficult to get large yields of honeysuckle.
Let us consider in detail the advantages and nuances of growing honeysuckle, and also talk about the decorativeness of this berry crop and the benefits of its berries, we will review the best and latest varieties of honeysuckle.
Advantages of honeysuckle over other berry crops
Honeysuckle is one of the most winter-hardy crops grown in Russian gardens. Being in a period of deep dormancy, shoots and buds of honeysuckle endure severe frosts (-45 ... -47 degrees) without damage.
There is a known case when in Chelyabinsk honeysuckle bore fruit even after an abnormally harsh winter with record frosts (up to -52 degrees), which happened in 1978-1979.
To compare the frost resistance of honeysuckle and other berry crops: raspberry buds die already at frosts of -32 ... -36 degrees; leaves and horns of garden strawberries - at -16 ... -18 degrees; the threshold of winter hardiness for most cultivars of apple trees is -38 ... -40 degrees.
Honeysuckle is the most frost-resistant garden berry crop during the flowering period. Flowers of currants, strawberries, apple trees, cherries, plums die already at zero temperature or only at -1 degrees below zero. And honeysuckle flowers withstand prolonged frosts up to -4 ... -6 degrees, and short-term frosts up to -7 degrees.
Taking into account the fact that, according to statistics, orchards in the Urals, Altai and Siberia, on average, after 4-6 years, remain without a crop of various berries due to spring frosts, honeysuckle continues to bear fruit regularly.
Since spring frosts do not damage the flowers and fruits of honeysuckle, this plant can be considered a lifesaver for gardeners. After all, even in the most unfavorable weather years, honeysuckle regularly rewards us with berry crops.
Undoubtedly, the unique longevity of honeysuckle belongs to the advantages of this plant. For comparison: a blackcurrant bush retains its productivity from 4-5 to 7 years; red currant bush - up to 15 years. Raspberries are most productive at the age of 2-4 years, and then the bush grows old, and its productivity drops. Garden strawberries are most productive up to 3 years of age.
Honeysuckle retains high productivity until the age of 25-30 years, and often up to 40 years or more. There are known cases of well-bearing 150-year-old honeysuckle bushes under favorable conditions. That's a sign of durability!
Think about it: not only your children, but also grandchildren, and even your great-grandchildren will be able to eat berries from the honeysuckle bush that you plant in the coming autumn!
From the longevity of the bush edible honeysuckle followed by a high profitability of this culture.
After all, more than half of the cost of laying a new berry garden falls on planting material. And for the gardener there is a significant difference: to spend money on new seedlings every 5 years or after 25-40 years!
EARLY MATURE AND EARLY FERTILITY
Honeysuckle is a very precocious and early-growing crop.
In terms of precocity, honeysuckle is only rivaled by garden strawberries and raspberries.
Honeysuckle bushes often begin to bear fruit already in the year of planting. And honeysuckle seedlings usually give the first marketable harvest of useful berries in 2-3 years.
In our gardens, honeysuckle has no competitors in terms of precocity. In Central Russia, in the Southern Urals and the South of Western Siberia, early varieties of honeysuckle ripen in the first decade of June. And before the ripening of the earliest varieties of other berries (for example, garden strawberries and raspberries), there are about two more weeks left.
RESISTANCE TO DISEASES AND PESTS
Honeysuckle bushes are resistant to most pathogens and insect pests. And this means that the care of honeysuckle is relatively simple.
In addition, in the absence of diseases and pests, there is no need for chemical treatments of plants. This means that berries from healthy honeysuckle bushes will be environmentally friendly, without “chemistry” hazardous to health.
BEAUTY, PLEASURE AND BENEFITS
Honeysuckle is beautiful at any time of the year, many people fell in love with this very spectacular fruit plant. Gardeners who have become fans of this hassle-free and high-yielding crop are striving to create a collection of honeysuckle with fruits. different size, shape and taste.
honeysuckle bushes different varieties can be used as an ornamental hedge where they produce excellent fruit when cross-pollinated.
Cultivated honeysuckle berries are tasty and very healthy.
Wild edible honeysuckle different types, on the basis of which cultural forms have been created, often has a strong bitter taste. And the berries of modern varieties of honeysuckle are completely devoid of bitterness. Their taste is harmonious, sweet and sour, very pleasant, reminiscent of forest blueberries. Varieties of honeysuckle with a taste of prunes, sweet cherries, and wild strawberries have been developed.
The skin on the berries is very thin, the pulp is tender. The seeds in the fruits of honeysuckle are very small, they are practically not felt.
In the photo: a branch of honeysuckle of the Amphora variety.
The juice of honeysuckle berries has a beautiful dark ruby color, so it is often used to tint light-colored compotes from white-fruited berries and fruits.
From the fruits of honeysuckle, excellent jam and vitamin raw jam are obtained. Moreover, if the fruits of slightly bitter forms and varieties of honeysuckle are used for processing, then the bitter taste in the resulting culinary product disappears.
Honeysuckle berries can be frozen without losing their beneficial properties.
The use of honeysuckle for medicinal purposes
Honeysuckle fruits are the very first berry in the garden, they must be consumed by people of any age.
It has been noticed that bitter-fruited forms of honeysuckle are more valuable medicinally than varietal sweet-fruited plants.
Modern research found in the fruits of honeysuckle specific substances that can remove salts of heavy metals from the body.
Valuable from a nutritional and medicinal point of view, honeysuckle berries supply the body with a rich complex of vitamins and minerals, normalize the functioning of the gastrointestinal tract and liver. They are recommended for people who have had infectious diseases, as well as those engaged in heavy physical and mental labor.
Honeysuckle berries are an excellent help for those suffering from hypertension. Just a handful healing berries able to gently lower high blood pressure for a long time.
Fresh or frozen honeysuckle berries are a good antipyretic.
Medicinal properties are possessed not only by honeysuckle berries, but also by other parts of this wonderful plant.
A decoction of honeysuckle flowers in our folk medicine has long been used to treat headaches and dizziness.
In Tibetan folk medicine, a decoction of annual branches of honeysuckle, along with leaves, is used as a strong diuretic.
The peoples of Siberia and Altai use the juice of honeysuckle berries to treat festering wounds and various skin diseases, and a decoction of honeysuckle leaves is used for rinsing in diseases of the throat and mouth. Dried leaves powdered on wounds. This use is due to the strong antiseptic properties of honeysuckle leaves. According to this indicator, their effect on the body is equated to the action of decoctions of eucalyptus, sage, chamomile officinalis.
Honeysuckle of Russian selection
Russian varieties of honeysuckle today are beyond competition in the world. They are exceptionally tasty and large-fruited. For example, interesting forms of honeysuckle with long berries (more than 4 cm in length) have been obtained in Tomsk.
Russian varieties of edible honeysuckle are very productive: they give 4-6 kg of excellent berries from a bush. It is also valuable that their fruits do not crumble after ripening.
And the wonderful taste of our varieties of honeysuckle is worthy of many praises - it can be compared with the pleasant flavors of the best tropical berries and fruits!
In the photo: a branch of honeysuckle with fruits of the Nymph variety.
About 20 years ago, I witnessed how in Chelyabinsk, at the Institute of Horticulture, the fruits of Russian varieties of honeysuckle were first tasted by breeders from Holland. Their delight knew no bounds!
After tasting our varieties of honeysuckle, one of the Dutch scientists said: “I don’t understand why the Russians should be engaged in the selection of other crops, in which they are decades behind us, when they have such a miracle - honeysuckle!”.
Grow the best varieties of honeysuckle in your garden, producing large yields of delicious fruits, and get an abundance of the very first summer berries for your family.
Alexander Ivanovich Sidelnikov (Magnitogorsk)
Ordering the best varieties of honeysuckle in the company "Gardens of Russia"
All varieties of honeysuckle are self-infertile, i.e. for the fruiting of these plants, it is imperative to ensure cross-pollination of flowers with pollen from different varieties. And if you plant several honeysuckle bushes of the same variety in the garden, then even after the most abundant flowering they still will not have fruits ...
For successful pollination flowering plants place in the garden compactly, not far from each other, several bushes of honeysuckle of different varieties (plant at least three varieties). And then a full-fledged cross-pollination of their flowers and, consequently, regular high yields of honeysuckle will be provided to you!
The best domestic varieties of honeysuckle are collected in the collection of the Gardens of Russia company:
- "Nymph"(see the first and third photos) - the newest and best, to date, honeysuckle variety. The fruits are bluish-blue with a waxy coating, elongated-fusiform, large, with a strongly bumpy surface. The average weight of the fruit is 1.16 g. The taste of the berries is sweet, with a strong pleasant aroma; tasting taste score 4.8 points. The best variety-pollinator "Amphora".
— "Amphora» (see second photo) - fruits are bluish-blue, without aroma, pitcher-shaped, with a smooth, regular roller at the top, large, with an average weight of 1.05 g. The taste of berries is sweet and sour; tasting score 4.5 points. The best pollinator variety "Bazhovskaya".
- "Bazhovskaya"- berries are large, with an average weight of 1.25 g, sweet, with a delicate aroma. The bush is compact. Very reliable dessert variety with consistently high yields, winter-hardy. The best variety-pollinator "Amphora".
- "Long-fruited"- fruits are violet-blue with a wax coating, with an average weight of 1.16 g. Form large berries close to cylindrical, slightly laterally compressed. The taste of fruits is dessert, sweet and sour; tasting score 4.6 points. The best variety-pollinator "Morena".
- "Morena"- fruits are blue-blue with a strong wax coating, elongated-jug-shaped, with an average weight of 1.7 g. The taste is sweet and sour with a slight aroma; tasting score 4.5 points. The best variety-pollinator "Long-fruited".
- "Leningrad Giant"- large-fruited, winter-hardy variety with very tasty large fruits. The berries are elongated flat, bumpy, blue with a beautiful bluish bloom. Bushes vigorous, slightly sprawling. The best variety-pollinator "Morena".
— « Sweetie"- the latest exceptionally high-yielding, promising variety. The fruits are not very large, but sweet, have a strong aroma. Berries with a thick wax coating, almost regular cylindrical shape. The best variety-pollinator "Violet".
- "Violet"- fruits are bluish-blue with a waxy coating of medium intensity, with a pointed tip, slightly curved, large, with an average weight of 1.14 g. The taste of the berries is excellent sweet and sour; tasting score 4.7 points. The best pollinator variety "Slastyona".
- Fianit- the variety has a powerful beautiful bush, winter-hardy, large-fruited. Fruits weighing 1-1.5 g, sweet and sour, excellent dessert taste. The best variety-pollinator "Amphora".
Order seedlings of the best and newest varieties of honeysuckle for autumn from the Gardens of Russia company, with free postage!
You can order seedlings through the online store of the company "Gardens of Russia"
Or place your order by phone, free call at 8-800-100-00-66
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honeysuckle cultivation
Self-cultivation of honeysuckle
Cultivation of honeysuckle has become a favorite pastime for many gardeners. To grow honeysuckle, you need to follow just a few simple rules. This is very useful plant, well-bearing, luxuriantly flowering, more and more often began to appear on household plots. Honeysuckle is a deciduous undersized shrub with a height of 1 to 1.5 meters. It has berries of blue-black or dark blue color, elongated oval shape, sweet and sour in taste.
What is useful honeysuckle
Edible honeysuckle is a collective term that includes several blue-fruited species: edible, Kamchatka, Hegel, Turchaninov, Altai. Honeysuckle fruits contain 8% sugar, from 1 to 5 organic acids, pectins, tannins, P-active compounds (anthacyanins, catechins), provitamins A1, B2, B1, vitamins C, as well as various trace elements: calcium, magnesium, phosphorus, sodium, calcium, copper, iron, iodine, aluminum, barium, silicon, strontium, manganese.
When do honeysuckle bushes begin to bear fruit?
Honeysuckle is a very cold hardy plant. It is able to withstand frosts below 50 degrees. Propagated by all means - seeds, layering, green and woody cuttings.
To be fair, it must be said that independent cultivation honeysuckle seedlings are a long-term process, so it is still better to purchase them in a nursery. Honeysuckle seedlings begin to bear fruit in the third or fourth year after sowing the seeds. If reproduction occurs by cuttings, then the plant can give the first berries after rooting the next year, but the harvest will be small.
Only in the sixth or seventh year from one bush can yield more than one kilogram of berries. The yield of a bush will increase to 15-17 years of age. Until that time honeysuckle cultivation most productive.
When the yield of the bush begins to fall, the bush can be updated by cutting off all the branches to the ground. The total lifespan of a plant is 20 to 25 years.
Soil preparation and planting honeysuckle seedlings
The exactingness of the soil in honeysuckle is small, the only thing is that it prefers wet, but drained areas. When starting to plant honeysuckle, you need to prepare the pits in which the bush will be planted in advance. The pit is dug to a depth of about 40 cm.
It needs to be fertilized, which consists of 3 kg of humus, 300 g of ash and 3 tbsp. spoons of nitrophos. Then, in the pit, all this is mixed with the top layer of the earth and watered with a solution of fluff lime at the rate of 1 glass of lime per 10 liters of water. After 2-3 days, honeysuckle can be planted.
It is very important that the root neck is 5-7 cm below ground level. For the next one and a half weeks, you need to make sure that the ground under the bush is always wet. It is desirable to water from a watering can so that the earth is moistened gently.
Honeysuckle Care
Every year, under the honeysuckle bush, it is desirable to add manure or vegetable humus, remove weeds, loosen the soil in order to improve the access of air and water to the roots. If the weather is dry, then regular watering should be done. During the growing season, it is advisable to make at least 3 dressings.
In dry weather, liquid dressings are made, and in rainy weather, they are dry, pouring them under the bushes. The first dressing is done in the spring. To do this, prepare a solution: add a tablespoon of fertilizer for berries and a tablespoon of nitrophos to 10 liters of water.
A large bucket of solution is required for an adult fruit-bearing bush, and 3 liters of solution is enough for young bushes. The second top dressing should be done at the stage of tying berries. To do this, prepare a solution consisting of one tablespoon of potassium sulfate, two tablespoons of nitrophos and 10 liters of water.
For an adult bush, about 20 liters of solution are needed, and for a young bush, 5 liters of solution is enough. The third top dressing is done in the fall. This time, three tablespoons of superphosphate and two tablespoons of potassium sulfate are diluted in 10 liters of water.
For the third top dressing, you need the same amount of solution as for the second top dressing. The shrub has a well-developed root system, which is located mainly at a depth of 20 to 40 cm, so the cultivation of the soil around the plant can be carried out without any restrictions. Cultivation of honeysuckle- this is not only a significant addition to your table (wonderful jams, jams, compotes are made from honeysuckle), but also a delight for aesthetes.
Properly arranging several different varieties on your site, you can get not only healthy berries from growing honeysuckle, but also aesthetic pleasure. You may also be interested in articles about garden shrubs and chicory salads endive and escarole. Read Garden Affairs and work on your garden with us.
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Dogwood: cultivation and care
10 Secrets to Harvest Honeysuckle
Many gardeners and summer residents, having planted honeysuckle on the site, are disappointed with its yield. Despite the fact that the culture is very unpretentious, high yields can be obtained by following some rules or secrets, if you like.
It is the variety that largely decides the success of the business. Having planted a plant accidentally acquired on the market, perhaps even a seedling from a neighboring plot, you will not achieve in the future the results that you could get from a good variety with high potential. Which varieties you decide to give preference will depend on your taste preferences and how you are going to use the harvest. If mainly for fresh consumption, then choose fruitful varieties with a dessert taste, different ripening periods, for example: Amazon, Long-fruited, Maria, Elizabeth, Zarechnaya etc. These are varieties (Chelyabinsk) with excellent taste, estimated at 5 points.
Since honeysuckle berries are a perishable product (even in the refrigerator it is stored for no more than two or three days), then with a significant harvest most of his. most likely, it will go for processing or freezing. For this purpose, varieties with a slight sourness or bitterness are better suited, for example Lenita, Gerda, Blue Spindle etc. Because of the presence of bitterness, many people like processed products from them more. Although this is a matter of taste, of course, there can be no consensus here. Here I want to note that honeysuckle is a very plastic culture, and therefore it is possible to successfully grow on the site not only zoned, local varieties, but also varieties bred in other regions , with other soil and climatic conditions.
Such varieties may surpass local ones in a number of ways. See also: Honeysuckle (photo) planting and care 2. Ensure good cross-pollination of honeysuckle Since honeysuckle is a cross-pollinated plant and practically does not produce a crop on single-variety plantings, the most important condition for obtaining high yields is to plant not two or three bushes of different varieties (as is often recommended), but 10-15 bushes or more. Having planted only 2-3 bushes , honeysuckle will bear fruit, of course, but you will not get high yields.
More than 40 varieties grow on our site. They pollinate each other well and do not cease to please with a high yield. V last years The Lenita variety of the Chelyabinsk selection was especially distinguished by its yield.
We have it like a lifesaver. From each bush of this variety, we annually collect 10-12 liters of berries. I believe that such a crop is largely due to good cross-pollination between varieties.
Therefore, it is desirable that all varieties on your site be different, since there are plenty of good varieties, for every taste, and every year more and more new ones appear. 3. Attract insect pollinators to the site The yield of honeysuckle largely depends on the efficiency of fruit set, which in turn depends on weather conditions and the presence of pollinating insects during flowering. Honeysuckle is pollinated mainly by bees and bumblebees, but the most effective pollinators are bumblebees.
They are more willing to attend group plantings. Therefore, it is advisable not to place honeysuckle in a row, like raspberries or currants. and a curtain (group) and, if possible, closer to the neighboring bushes.
Ideally, plant bushes in the corners at the junction of four plots, in agreement with the neighbors. At the same time, you can get by with fewer bushes. An effective technique for attracting insects to the site is spraying all berry crops (including honeysuckle) at the beginning of flowering with a solution of sugar or honey: 2 tbsp. spoons per 10 liters of water. As different cultures bloom at different times, it is better to spray this spray in two or three doses.
If during flowering it is windy. damp, cool weather, then for better fruit set, it is good to spray the bushes at the beginning of flowering with Ovary or Bud preparations that stimulate fruit formation. Good results are also obtained by spraying plants in the budding phase with a tank mixture of Zircon (1 ampoule) and Tsitovit (2 ampoules) per 10 liters of water. See also: Growing honeysuckle in the country 4.
Choose the right place to land Another, no less important condition for obtaining high yields of honeysuckle is its mandatory planting in an open sunny place. It is good if the plantings are protected from the prevailing winds by tall trees or buildings. If the bushes are in partial shade, the yield of honeysuckle will drop sharply, since the plants will constantly be in a state of oppression, and the reproductive buds will be poorly established. Therefore, if possible, transplant it from the shade and partial shade to sunny place.
If your bushes are small, this is relatively easy to do (honeysuckle has a compact, highly fibrous root system). Sometimes in the literature there is a recommendation to plant honeysuckle according to the scheme 1 by 2 m. With this scheme, the bushes in a row will close already in the fifth year, which will greatly complicate care and lead to lower yields. In our area, the bushes are planted according to the scheme 1.5 by 2.0 m, and in some places in the row the bushes have already closed.
With a sparse scheme, it is easier to care for honeysuckle, you can approach each bush from all sides when picking berries, pruning, weeding. The optimal distance between bushes in a row is 1.5-2.0 m, between rows -2.0-2.5 m This is taking into account the fact that honeysuckle will grow and bear fruit in one place for 20-25 years. 5. Don't thicken the honeysuckle crown A feature of honeysuckle is its high shoot-forming ability, leading to a rapid thickening of the bush.
To prevent this, an annual, early spring thinning pruning is necessary. It is also necessary so that the bumblebees pollinating it can freely reach the middle of the bush. Otherwise, the harvest will be concentrated mainly on the periphery of the bush!
Prepare planting holes and plant plants properly Honeysuckle is by nature very unpretentious and can grow on any soil, but the best results are obtained on light, fertile and breathable soils. 50-60 by 40 cm. In such a hole, I usually put 1-2 buckets of humus, about 1 liter wood ash, 30-50 g of AVA fertilizer and one or two handfuls of Agrovitkor organomineral fertilizer containing soil microorganisms of the Bacillus genus, which help suppress pathogenic soil microflora and quickly overripe any organic matter. Fertilizers in this composition and quantity help to improve the soil, increase the yield and quality of honeysuckle fruits . To improve the moisture capacity and structure of the soil (if possible), I also add 3-5 liters of vermiculite to each pit. I also use this dressing for planting pits for other berry crops, sometimes adding peat, sand, dolomite flour etc. When planting, I deepen the root neck of the seedling 4-5 cm below ground level, then water it (up to 2 buckets of water for each well) and be sure to mulch with humus, peat or mowed grass. 7.
Provide plants with moisture during fruit ripening It is known that the yield of honeysuckle, the size of its fruits and their taste assessment varies from year to year and largely depends on weather conditions during the period of ripening and filling of berries. During this period (May-June), you need to do 4-6 good watering, spending up to 4-5 buckets of water on each bush.
After watering, be sure to mulch the soil under the bushes with mowed grass or other mulching material. During the same period and until the beginning of August, I spray the bushes several times with the Baikal EM-1 preparation. I carry out such watering-spraying directly from a watering can with a fine spray.
I spend one watering can on about 5 bushes of honeysuckle, currants, gooseberries and other berries. (True, this is a rather laborious operation.) The use of the HB-101 preparation in liquid and granular form also gave a good result. Take care to protect the ripening berries from thrushes with a protective net and other repellents. 9.
Provide your plants with good nutrition Regularly apply organic and mineral fertilizers according to your chosen scheme. (Traditional mineral or alternative AVA.) 10. Be on the lookout! Don't stop there.
Look for, order, test new varieties: more productive, larger-fruited, with a better taste. Using these simple tricks in caring for honeysuckle, you will always have a good harvest.
New varieties of honeysuckle (Kamchastka selection)
Although there is a lot of wild-growing honeysuckle in the forests of Kamchatka, cultivars of this plant are very popular with amateur gardeners. In 2013, in State Register selection achievements included several varieties of honeysuckle at once. The variety is distinguished by early and friendly maturation. Bush medium size, compact.
Productivity 1.8 kg per bush. The berries are very large (average weight 1.2 g, maximum 2.2 g), with a de-sert taste. The fruits are bluish-blue with a slight wax coating. The shape of the fruit is oval, the surface is slightly bumpy, the skin is thin, the texture of the pulp is tender.
Separation of fruits is light, dry. Variety early term maturing, winter hardy. The bush is slightly sprawling, of medium size. Productivity 2.1 kg per bush.
The fruits are large (1.6 g), with high palatability, elongated-oval, bluish-blue with a wax coating. Fruit surface is smooth. The tear is dry and light. The shedding of ripe fruits is weak. A variety of late ripening, high winter hardiness.
The bush is vigorous, slightly sprawling, of medium density. The fruits are medium in size (0.75-0.95 g), elongated oval, the surface is smooth. Detachment of the fetus is difficult, with a rupture of the skin. The taste is sweetish with a noticeable bitterness.
The yield is high. And here are two varieties transferred to the GSI. A honeysuckle variety of medium early ripening, high winter hardiness. The bush is medium-sized, slightly sprawling. The fruits are elongated oval.
The color is dark blue, the surface is smooth. The skin is of medium thickness, the texture of the pulp is tender, juicy. The taste is sweet and sour, dessert, aromatic, refreshing.
The weight of one fruit is 1.2 g. The nature of the separation is dry. Yields 1.2 kg per bush in the 7th year after planting. The variety is mid-early in terms of ripening, high winter hardiness. The bush is medium-sized, slightly sprawling, dense.
The fruits are large, weighing more than 1 g, elongated-oval in shape, with a smooth surface, dessert taste. Separation of fruits is light, dry. Berries do not crumble.
The yield for the 6th year after planting is 0.8 kg per bush. In order to obtain pure-grade planting material of honeysuckle, it is propagated by cuttings. In the conditions of the Kamchatka Territory optimal time harvesting green cuttings with a heel - I-II decade of June, green cuttings with a top and without a top - III decade of July, lignified cuttings - II decade of August.
Most recommended effective method reproduction - green cuttings with a heel and top (rooting rate 80-100%). garden plots two-year-old seedlings 35-45 cm high take root best of all. To obtain annual high yields, you need to have from 3 to 10 plants of different varieties.
The best time for planting seedlings is the third decade of August - the first decade of October. The soil should be well moistened, loose, without stagnant water.
Since there are very few nutrients in volcanic soils, the planting hole must be filled with sufficiently high doses of organic and mineral fertilizers, which will provide plants with enhanced growth in the first 3-4 years after planting. At least 30 kg of humus or peat compost, 150-200 g of superphosphate and potassium salt are added to a planting hole measuring 40 × 40 cm and thoroughly mixed with the topsoil.
You can make a complex fertilizer Nitrofoska (300 g per bush) or Ammophos (300 g per bush), Diammophos (150-200 g per bush). ©E. PETRUSHA, Senior Researcher, Kamchatka Research Institute of Agriculture and E. Churin, Chelyabinsk Region, Miass-17.
Below are other entries on the topic "Dacha and garden - with your own hands"
Honeysuckle: assortment, reproduction and cultivation
author Vantenkov V.V., photo by Gardens of Russia Honeysuckle - beautiful and fruitful, rather unpretentious fruit bush for garden. Along with such Far Eastern healing plants as lemongrass and actinidia, honeysuckle has been increasingly spreading in Russian gardens in recent years. Among the honeysuckle seedlings sold on the market, wild-growing Kamchatka honeysuckle most often comes across.
Like other wild Russians, it is very difficult to take root after transplantation, especially when it is already a rather big bush. In this regard, the purchased Kamchatka honeysuckle seedlings often die. In addition, this type of honeysuckle is rather capricious when grown in the garden, and its yield leaves much to be desired ... Therefore, buy varietal honeysuckle seedlings only in reliable nurseries and companies. I will share with the readers of the Gardenia.ru website my experience in growing honeysuckle and the results of my own testing of different varieties this wonderful culture.
Tried Varieties of Edible Honeysuckle
The selection of the most unpretentious and productive forms of honeysuckle has been carried out for a long time, since the time of I. V. Michurin. With the advent of experimental stations, honeysuckle breeding in Russia accelerated.
Bred by Russian scientists newest varieties honeysuckle is the best in the world. Suitable varieties of honeysuckle can be found in almost any area. Good adaptability, as well as the unique precocity and usefulness of this culture were appreciated by our gardeners in all climatic zones countries. The fruits of garden honeysuckle of different varieties vary greatly in shape (from oval-elongated and pear-shaped to round) and color (from bluish-gray to almost black).
Its berries are very reminiscent of blueberries, but honeysuckle is larger, and its fruits are denser and more aromatic, with a pleasant dessert combination of sugars and acid. I will describe the tested varieties of edible honeysuckle that have proven themselves both in my garden and in various regions. Honeysuckle variety. A small compact plant up to 1.5 m high. It grows well on any soil, is quite drought-resistant and decorative. This is a bushy form of honeysuckle with thin spreading branches.
The leaves are dark green, dense, 5-7 cm long. Flowering is very early, not afraid of significant frosts (up to -8 degrees). The berries are dark blue, sweet and sour, somewhat pear-shaped.
Productivity is 3-4 kg from a bush. Honeysuckle of a grade. It grows as a half-bush-half-tree, depending on the climate and soils. Very well adapted to different conditions grade. The plant lends itself even to artistic pruning.
The leaves are dark green, shiny. The berries are dark blue with a bluish bloom, the largest up to 1 g. The yield of an adult bush is 8-10 kg.
The variety is drought-resistant, tolerates severe winter frosts (up to -10 degrees without snow) and return spring frosts during the flowering period. Honeysuckle variety. One of the most beautiful varieties. Spreading shrub up to 2 m high, hemispherical, with strong and well leafy shoots.
The branches are literally plastered with large bluish-blue berries of a pleasant refreshing taste, resistant to shedding. Productivity up to 5 kg.
This is an unpretentious variety that tolerates drought and harsh winters. Honeysuckle varieties. Medium-sized bushes 1.5 m high with medium-sized green-bluish leaves. Elongated berries are medium-sized, sweet-sour when watered. The yield is average.
The variety is shade-tolerant, frost- and drought-resistant. Honeysuckle variety. It adapts very well to the most adverse conditions. Semi-bush, semi-tree, has medium-sized sweet and sour berries with very dense pulp, suitable for freezing. Productivity is 3-4 kg.
The frost resistance of the variety is high.
Reproduction and cultivation of honeysuckle
Honeysuckle propagates by seeds and vegetatively by layering and cuttings. Honeysuckle is easy to grow from full-fledged seeds from ripe berries. The depth of their sowing is about 1 cm.
When spring sowing, honeysuckle seeds are pre-stratified for 1-2 months (at a temperature of 0 ... + 3 degrees). After stratification, about 70-90% of the sown honeysuckle seeds sprout. From unstratified seeds, honeysuckle shoots appear very extended (after 4-5 weeks), and only a third of the sown seeds sprout.
In this case, at the same time as sowing peppers, I recommend sowing unstratified seeds of edible honeysuckle, if there are a lot of seeds, and the recommended stratification dates have been missed. accustomed to this soil. It is desirable that the land for sowing honeysuckle seeds be light and fertile. I allocate a bright place in the house for keeping honeysuckle seedlings on the windowsill, without cold drafts.
At first, babies develop slowly, this is normal. I plant honeysuckle seedlings in separate cups at the age of 1.5-2 months.
Otherwise, in older plants, rather thin branching roots will be injured during transplantation. Care for honeysuckle seedlings is normal, as for any seedling grown at home - regular watering, and careful loosening of the soil is allowed only at the very beginning. From drying out, I cover the surface of the earth with sleeping tea.
Before planting honeysuckle seedlings in open ground, I harden them. Care for honeysuckle is simple. Garden honeysuckle, although shade-tolerant, blooms more abundantly and bears fruit in open places.
Loosening the soil around the garden honeysuckle bush should not be carried away, because the bulk of the roots are located superficially. It is better to mulch the ground with humus or non-rhizomatous weeds. For mulching, honeysuckle cannot be used for sawdust of conifers! I have never observed cases of garden honeysuckle with any diseases for many years - neither on my plants, nor on familiar gardeners.
Pollination and fruiting of honeysuckle
Edible honeysuckle enters regular fruiting early, already at 3-4 years of age. Honeysuckle seedlings that develop under favorable conditions quickly increase their yield.
Honeysuckle lives for a very long time, the bush regularly bears fruit in the garden for decades. Saplings of different varieties of honeysuckle mutually pollinate each other, which dramatically increases the yield of each bush. Therefore, to obtain high yields in the garden, you need to have at least three varieties of honeysuckle for cross-pollination.
If the area of your garden is small, which does not allow you to plant a few bushes, then agree with your neighbors about joint landings honeysuckle. The distance between planted plants can reach 15-20 m, but the closer they grow, the better for cross-pollination of honeysuckle bushes.
The main insect pollinators of flowers of edible honeysuckle, which blooms in the garden as one of the first shrubs, are bumblebees, wasps and bees. taste qualities fruits of edible honeysuckle and their chemical composition are greatly influenced by many factors. To a large extent, weather influences - air temperature and precipitation during the ripening period.
In hot weather, honeysuckle berries accumulate more sugars. And cool weather with a sufficient amount of rain increases the overall acidity of fruits, including the content of ascorbic acid. It must be taken into account: the amount of dry substances laid in one crop of garden honeysuckle berries is unchanged.
Therefore, if you give the plant extra watering, then the mass of berries will simply increase, which will inevitably affect their taste. If only three honeysuckle bushes grow in your garden, and the need for berries is large, then I advise you to feed immediately after harvesting. Since mid-July, I feed honeysuckle 2-3 times.
It is better to do top dressing from fermented weeds. And during the period of setting honeysuckle berries, top dressing with infusion of wood ash is very useful (a half-liter jar of ash in a bucket of water).
honeysuckle. Very_beautiful_decorative_plant. Honeysuckle_will decorate_your_site
This will significantly improve the taste of honeysuckle berries, and increase the content of useful trace elements in them. Birds (especially droses), who are very fond of its useful berries, can cause great damage to the honeysuckle crop. Therefore, ripening honeysuckle must be protected from birds.
On the healing properties of honeysuckle berries
In the berries of garden honeysuckle, all the beneficial properties of the fruits of its wild ancestors are fully preserved. The rich chemical composition of early ripening honeysuckle berries (vitamins, acids, trace elements) and the strength of their beneficial effect on the body makes this plant indispensable in the garden.
According to the healing effect, the berries of edible honeysuckle are immediately behind ginseng, but the hassle of growing honeysuckle is much less! Honeysuckle berries, like leafy cuttings of rhubarb growing in spring, are the earliest vitamin medicines and delicacies in the garden. Honeysuckle fruits ripen two weeks earlier than the first strawberries.
Therefore, honeysuckle berries are the very first and surest remedy for spring beriberi and overloads of the body of various kinds. But the most important therapeutic effect of the fruits of garden honeysuckle is anti-radiation.
For treatment, you just need to regularly eat fresh berries in the amount that the body requires and tolerates. The fruits of edible honeysuckle have long been used in folk medicine for hypertension, cardiovascular diseases, disorders of the gastrointestinal tract, malaria, etc. Honeysuckle berries are also used as medicine with diabetes (type 2), obesity, hypertension and diseases of the joints. Both fresh and harvested honeysuckle berries (frozen, jam, juices, compote) bring many benefits to our body, besides they taste good and are very refreshing. Grow unpretentious and productive varieties of honeysuckle in your garden, eat tasty and healthy berries for pleasure and benefit!
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Honeysuckle - care rules
Honeysuckle blue or edible very valuable berry. It is especially valued as a means of improving the strength and permeability of blood capillaries. First of all, its berries are useful for those suffering from cardiovascular diseases, atherosclerosis, hypertension and living
in areas with high background radiation.
However, despite the widespread use of honeysuckle, few people can boast of a good harvest. A handful or two berries are collected from the bush, the berries are often tasteless. What is the reason for the failures? First of all, in the wrong agricultural technology, in the second - in an unsuccessful choice of variety.
Honeysuckle is a culture demanding on growing conditions. Both dry and waterlogged places are considered unsuitable for planting. It develops best on loose and drained soils with a low occurrence. ground water. A landing hole is dug with a diameter of 25 cm and a depth of 25 - 30 cm. Bushes are planted at a distance
1 - 1.5 meters apart.
On the site for honeysuckle, a sunny place should be taken. In partial shade, it will not die, but it will bear fruit much weaker. Honeysuckle needs wind protection. Their strong gusts can knock down flowers, significantly reducing the yield.
The most favorable planting time is the end of summer (August) and autumn (until mid-October). Planting in the spring is less desirable - while the honeysuckle is very sick.
LANDING CARE
Care for honeysuckle is determined by its biological characteristics and differs from care for currants and gooseberries. So, loosening the soil and removing weeds is possible only under young bushes. In bushes older than five years of age, the roots are located superficially, and when loosening, there is a danger of damage to them.
Caring for the near-trunk circle in subsequent years consists in annual mulching with peat, compost or rotted manure, a layer of 5-6 cm. Strong weed thickets can be treated with a systemic herbicide. This is done during the period when there are no leaves on the honeysuckle.
Honeysuckle is a moisture-loving crop and needs regular watering, especially in the first half of summer, when its shoots grow intensively. When grown without watering, especially on heavy clay soils, bitterness is felt in the fruits even in dessert varieties.
For top dressing, it is better to use organic fertilizer, it is applied once every three years (5 - 7 kg per bush). Mineral fertilizers are used carefully so as not to cause thickening of the crown. In autumn, it is recommended to feed the bushes with potash and phosphorus fertilizers (15 g per 1 sq. Meter).
Seedlings begin to bear fruit already in the second - third year after planting, and in the fourth - fifth, with good care, they reach maximum yield.
CUTTING
The main mistake is that honeysuckle, unlike most fruit and berry crops, cannot be cut in the spring. The specificity of honeysuckle is such that it grows only at this time. And if you pinch its crown, then nothing new will grow on this branch this year. Other points of growth will wake up, but only for the next season. Therefore, in the first years after planting, especially careful attitude to the branches is required. The best period for pruning honeysuckle is in autumn, after leaf fall.
In bushes older than 6 - 7 years, diseased, old, barren small dried branches and numerous shoots are removed. The branches of the lower tier are also cut out, which lie on the soil and interfere with the care of the bushes. It is advisable to leave no more than five powerful branches. It is not recommended to cut off the tops of the shoots, since the maximum number of flower buds is concentrated on them.
If the bush has ceased to bear fruit, you can carry out a strong rejuvenating pruning - “on the stump”. Do it at a height of 0.5 m from the soil level. Soon the bush will recover due to young coppice shoots.
REPRODUCTION OF HONESKY 
It is better to propagate honeysuckle green summer cuttings. They are cut from strong annual growth shoots of the current year. The shoots are ready for grafting when they do not bend when bent, but break with a characteristic crunch. The time of their cutting coincides with the appearance of green fruits. Use the middle part of the shoot, preferably with two nodes (two pairs of leaves) and one internode, 7-12 cm long and 4-5 mm in diameter.
Planted obliquely at an angle of 45 degrees, placing according to the scheme 7x5 cm. A necessary condition for rooting is high humidity of the substrate and air, heat. Such conditions can be created in film and glass greenhouses with regular watering and spraying.
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Cultivation of honeysuckle
Honeysuckle is the first summer berry, which begins to bear fruit before all berry bushes. This culture is an invaluable gift from our nature / The berry ripens even earlier than strawberries, in winter it endures frosts up to 40 degrees, during flowering it endures temperatures as low as minus 8 degrees, while other garden plants die. The shrub practically does not get sick.
Honeysuckle in the spring begins to wake up early, fruiting is constant from 2-3 years. It grows on any soil, including acidic ones. The roots lie shallow, so cultivation can be done on soils with a close location of groundwater. Finally, on humus-rich and fertile soils, it grows much better and begins to bear fruit earlier. In nature, honeysuckle is found along the shores of lakes and rivers, and therefore cultivars are moisture-loving and love good lighting, but it also tolerates light shading.
The first varietal honeysuckle was bred in Siberia in 1987. Now new high-yielding varieties with excellent taste, not crumbling fruits and healing properties. These varieties include Salyut, Nizhny Novgorod Early, Fire Opal, Chelyabinka, Lakomka, Long-fruited, Chernichka.
Honeysuckle Care
Care requires a minimum of effort. During growth, give 2-3 feedings with cow or bird manure, you can replace it mineral fertilizers. In the spring, 20 grams of nitrogen fertilizers are applied under each bush, in the summer 20 grams of superphosphate and 10 grams of potassium salt. Since mid-August, only phosphorus and potash fertilizers, they can be replaced with ash.
Up to 5-7 years of age, honeysuckle does not need pruning, after which sanitary pruning is necessary - removal of dry and broken branches. The fruits do not ripen immediately, so it is harvested in several stages. Berries can be stored in the refrigerator for up to 5 days, but it is better to use them immediately so that the beneficial properties are not lost.
How to plant honeysuckle
To get yields from this berry, you need to know how to plant it. It is necessary to plant several varieties, as it sets fruits by cross-pollination. If only one variety is planted, you can not wait for the berries. For getting high yield you need to plant not even two, but three or four varieties. Bees, bumblebees pollinate the shrub, they are drawn to them by a magnet. Honeysuckle is an unpretentious crop, and even with poor gardeners with minimal care, it will bear fruit every year. Weeding and watering is done every 10 days per season.
What is useful?
Honeysuckle has long been valued in folk medicine, especially Siberian herbalists, they considered it the most valuable berry. It is believed that whoever constantly eats this berry does not get sick with anything. The plant is used in the treatment of hypertension, heart disease, anemia, tonsillitis, chronic intestinal disorders, is also used as a diuretic, tonic, in the treatment of diseases of the liver and stomach, has bacterial properties, has a positive effect on the blood and nervous system, removes heavy metals from the body , helps to cope with allergies, strengthens the walls of blood vessels.
There are many vitamins of groups C, B, P, micro and macro elements. In terms of magnesium content, it surpasses all other berry crops, more than two times more potassium than in raspberries and currants. All this invaluable wealth ripens first, when there are no other berries and are not yet expected.
Another honeysuckle and a very decorative bush. Bushes grow without pruning, they themselves are compact, form a spherical shape. They look beautiful in spring and early summer, because of their bright emerald green with a bluish tint, they can be seen from afar. It is best to grow honeysuckle along the paths, as well as on the border of the site. It will be beautiful hedge!
Features of honeysuckle pruning: when and how to carry out the procedure
honeysuckle - unpretentious plant. It is known for its high sprouting ability: numerous spiny shoots and strong basal shoots thicken the bush if left unattended.
Do I need to trim the honeysuckle
In order to bring a big harvest for as long as possible, not to get sick and to please gardeners with a well-groomed appearance, honeysuckle needs to be pruned. There are two varieties of this shrub:
- decorative - serves as a decoration of the garden, proper pruning will give the bush a beautiful shape;
- edible - pleases its owners early harvest useful and delicious berries, after pruning begins to bear fruit more abundantly.
Why prune edible honeysuckle
Edible honeysuckle must be cut off without fail, since the main reason for poor fruiting is crown thickening. Flowers in the middle of the bush, bees bypass their attention. The berries that managed to ripen in the depths of the bush become small and sour due to lack of lighting. Pledge good harvest- regular thinning of the bush.
Honeysuckle grows very slowly, so the first two or three years after planting, they do not resort to radical pruning. It is permissible to remove dry and diseased branches, as well as those lying on the ground or growing deep into the bush.
An unpruned edible honeysuckle bush will produce few berries due to a heavily bushed crown.
The need for trimming decorative honeysuckle
Decorative honeysuckle is cut to give it the desired shape. The bushes form a dense hedge. Lianoid forms are placed on pergolas, arbors are decorated with them, and a “living wall” is formed from them. To grow decorative honeysuckle in the form of a trunk, its shoots, collected in a bunch, are tied to a support standing vertically. The old lower branches in the center of the bush are left to stiffen the stem, the lower young shoots are removed.
Photo gallery: ways to grow decorative honeysuckle
With the help of formative pruning, decorative honeysuckle can create various landscape forms.
Video: how to form a honeysuckle tree from honeysuckle with pruning
When to prune honeysuckle
You can start trimming edible honeysuckle only when it is at rest. In the spring - until the buds wake up, in the fall - after the shrub sheds its leaves. Ornamental honeysuckle can be pruned throughout the growing season.
Pruning shoots happens:
Honeysuckle is a cold-resistant plant, but its branches can be damaged by frost. During sanitary pruning, dead branches affected by low temperatures, broken and dry shoots, as well as branches damaged by fungal diseases and pests are removed. Cut to healthy wood. This pruning is recommended to be done every year.
Exfoliating bark on the branches of honeysuckle is not a consequence of the disease. This is its specific feature. Also, this culture is characterized by the presence of a large number of small dry branches.
Formative pruning is carried out on adult plants. Cut out old branches that do not bear fruit, remove shoots, shorten weak branches. Such pruning is done every 2–3 years on edible honeysuckle and once a year on decorative honeysuckle.
Pruning honeysuckle in spring
In the spring, pruning is carried out in two stages.
Video: how to cut honeysuckle in spring
Pruning honeysuckle in autumn
In autumn, formative pruning is carried out from August to October. The time is chosen depending on the climatic features of a particular area. You can start working when the following conditions are met:
- the shrub has lost its foliage;
TO autumn pruning start after the growing season is over and the bush sheds leaves
Too early pruning can cause untimely opening of the kidneys, and if you cut the skeletal shoots late, there is a threat of plant death due to freezing of the cuts.
In areas with severe winters, all manipulations to form a honeysuckle bush are recommended to be carried out in early spring. Perhaps in the first year after pruning, the harvest will not be too large, but the plant will quickly get stronger after the stress and will bear fruit well in the future.
How to prune honeysuckle
In the first 2–3 years after planting, edible honeysuckle is not subjected to formative pruning. After 5-6 years, such an event is mandatory.
Formative pruning honeysuckle
Pruning is carried out in several stages:
- Remove the branches in the lower tier of the bush that touch the ground.
- Cut out unnecessary young shoots.
- Top shoots are cut off (growing steeply vertically on perennial branches inside the crown).
- Remove branches that go inside the bush.
- Cut off weak and thin shoots.
- Cut off the ends of shoots with weak growth.
- Remove old thick branches in the center of the bush that do not give growth.
- Do not touch well-developed annual shoots. It is on them that berries will form.
Formative pruning of an edible honeysuckle bush is carried out in several stages
There should be about 5 powerful skeletal branches in the edible honeysuckle bush. Old thick branches in the center of the bush can be cut to the point of growth of the lateral shoot. The cut points are smeared with garden pitch or sprinkled with ash or charcoal to protect the bush from infection by fungal and bacterial infection.
Branches at the pruning site are treated with garden pitch to prevent infections.
After pruning, the plant must be fed. In the spring - nitrogen fertilizers, 2 buckets per bush; in autumn they are fed with phosphorus and potassium. Before top dressing, honeysuckle must be watered.
As a nitrogen fertilizer in the spring, you can use an aqueous infusion of mullein or chicken manure, in the fall it is preferable to use wood ash.
Anti-aging honeysuckle pruning
A bush older than 7 years is subjected to partial anti-aging pruning. Selectively cut the stems at the base, leaving a stump a few centimeters high. At the same time, healthy coppice shoots begin to form. If such pruning is carried out regularly, once every 3-5 years, the period of abundant fruiting of honeysuckle can be extended for several decades.
A neglected bush after 15 years needs radical rejuvenation (the pruning scheme is shown in the photo).
A neglected honeysuckle bush over 15 years old is cut to a height of 30–50 cm
The bush is completely cut off at a height of 30–50 cm from ground level. Young shoots will form a new bush in two years. Radical anti-aging pruning can be done in spring and autumn. In areas with a harsh climate, this procedure is best done in the spring.
Features of the formation of a honeysuckle seedling
Usually two-three-year-old seedlings are purchased for planting. Edible honeysuckle seedlings do not need to be pruned - this can weaken the plant and delay entry into the fruiting season. Honeysuckle should form a crown within 2-3 years, after which you can start pruning the bush.
If the roots of the seedling are damaged, for its better survival it is recommended to shorten the shoots by a third.
For ornamental honeysuckle seedlings, pruning is desirable, as shortening the shoots will encourage their branching.
Shortening the shoots of decorative honeysuckle seedlings ensures their better branching
Some experts still recommend cutting the seedling after planting, leaving shoots 8 cm long. In their opinion, such seedling preparation will allow you to get a more lush bush. If you are planting several edible honeysuckle bushes, this advice can be tested in practice. Shorten a few seedlings, and plant the rest without pruning.
Honeysuckle, like any fruit-bearing either ornamental shrub, needs pruning. Correctly carried out pruning of shoots of edible honeysuckle guarantees bountiful harvest berries for several decades. For decorative honeysuckle, such a procedure is necessary to give the desired shape to this beautiful plant.
24.05.2012
All gardeners have heard about the benefits of honeysuckle. This is the very first berry that you can eat in the garden. But why does she bear fruit so poorly? You can literally pick a mug of berries from a bush. Such complaints can often be heard from summer residents who have recently planted honeysuckle. The reasons for low yields can be different. And knowledge of the characteristics of this culture will help correct the situation.
1. You need good roots. Usually honeysuckle is sold as young seedlings 25-40 cm high. As a rule, these are rooted annual or biennial cuttings. In the market, private traders even sell seedlings, and their roots are also weak. A feature of honeysuckle is that it quickly enters the fruiting period, but then is in no hurry to increase the yield. First, the plant builds up the root system and only then bears fruit abundantly. How quickly the root growth process is completed depends on the growing conditions. Usually in the 4th year.
2. Soil composition. Honeysuckle grows on any soil: it yields both sandy and clay soils. But abundantly bears fruit only on loose fertile lands. Since the plant lives in one place for a very long time, when planting it is necessary to provide a supply of nutrients. 1-2 buckets of well-rotted manure and compost are brought into the pit. The soil is thoroughly mixed. If the plant was planted without organic matter, especially on sandy soil, regular top dressing is required. And if the bush is still small, then it is worth transplanting it with fertilizer. Honeysuckle suffers from a lack of air in the soil, therefore heavy, clay soil loosen, introducing humus and sand.
3.Humidity. Honeysuckle blooms in May. During this time, the weather is often dry and hot. If there is no watering, honeysuckle can drop flowers and first ovaries. This is especially true for sandy soils. Yield loss can be 20-30%. It is necessary to carefully monitor the soil moisture and water the bushes regularly. Mulch the soil under them, because in nature honeysuckle grows in forests, where the earth is always covered with forest litter.
4. Feeding and watering. During the ripening period, in early June, top dressing is needed. But you have to be careful with mineral fertilizers. It is better to use solutions organic fertilizers along with abundant watering. If nutrition is not enough, then the plant spends a lot of energy on fruiting. At the same time, it lays few flower buds for the next season. After picking the berries, top dressing must be repeated.
5. Pollinator varieties. The most common reason for low yields is the lack of pollinating plants. Often only one honeysuckle bush or a couple of bushes of the same variety are planted in the garden. You can significantly increase the yield by planting one or more other varieties nearby (at a distance of 2-5 meters). The yield is increased even if a wild bird grown from seeds of a different variety is used as a pollinator.
6. Pruning. Young honeysuckle bushes do not require pruning, except for sanitary cleaning in the spring. But old bushes shade themselves. This reduces the yield. Starting from 7-8 years old, the oldest, thickest branches and shoots growing inside the bush are removed from the plants. If we analyze all of the above, then honeysuckle does not require any special care: proper planting in fertile soil, top dressing two or three times a season and regular watering. And, of course, planting pollinating varieties.
With this care, adult plants give 4-7 kg per bush.
The most productive varieties of honeysuckle: Persistent, Fionite, Long-fruited, Chernichka, Chelyabinka, etc. Subject to growing conditions, they give 6-7 kg per bush.
Honeysuckle bloomed, but there are very few berries or none at all? This happens if the honeysuckle bush is planted in splendid isolation or in the company of other plants of the same variety. But honeysuckle requires cross-pollination: without it, the fruits do not set. And this is possible only between different varieties. That is why experts recommend starting not even two at once, but 3-5 different varieties of honeysuckle. If you saw green berries, but did not find mature ones, they could be pecked by thrushes or other birds. Only a net stretched over the bushes will save from winged pests.
Problem 2. Honeysuckle bitter
Have you been waiting for the first berries, but no one likes their taste? Alas, the taste of the fruit mainly depends on the variety. And bitterness also applies to varietal characteristics. Depending on the weather and the quality of care, the taste may weaken or intensify, but fresh berries cannot be completely rid of it. But you can cook jam, jam or five minutes from them in any way you are used to and do not open the jars until the fall. By this time, the bitterness will disappear without a trace, and few people will believe that the jam is not made from blueberries. Well, delicious fresh berries can be obtained in only one way - to plant other sweet-fruited varieties in the garden.
Problem 3. Plants wither
The branches of honeysuckle dry and break, the leaves dry up, but you think that honeysuckle cannot hurt anything. In fact, it is full of both diseases and pests, but since this culture is relatively new, we still do not know all its enemies by sight and are not used to treating plants. Meanwhile, diseased honeysuckle must be treated in the same way as with unhealthy currants. Dry branches are cut and burned, and diseased or damaged plants are treated before flowering, after flowering and after harvesting with the same preparations as currants. During the ripening of berries, “chemistry” is not used: only pollination with ash, colloidal sulfur or a 0.5% solution of soda ash is permissible.
Problem 4. Berries crumble
You arrived at the dacha, and all the honeysuckle berries lie on the ground. You try to collect the remaining fruits, but they fall at the slightest touch.
This behavior of honeysuckle is also a varietal feature. There is only one recipe here: collect fruits more often and more carefully, but plan to plant a different variety, in the description of which there are the words "berries do not crumble."
Varieties in which the berries do not crumble
Amphora, Chosen One, Moraine, In Memory of GidzyukProblem 5. Not growing
You have planted honeysuckle and are looking forward to the berries. But the bushes almost do not grow. This is understandable: in the first year or even two after planting, honeysuckle grows roots, and only then builds up above-ground part. We will be able to taste the fruits not earlier than the third year after planting. Do not try to speed up this process by feeding or other forceful methods (this is useless), just be patient. For the future, remember: so that the harvest is not postponed even longer, plant honeysuckle not in spring, but in autumn (from early September to mid-October). This will give the plants a couple of months of head start to grow roots.
Summer cuttings
Honeysuckle, black and red currants, sea buckthorn and gooseberries of the varieties you like can be propagated by green cuttings. They are cut and planted in June. Instead of special greenhouses, caps from 5-liter plastic bottles can be used.
It is best to cut honeysuckle during the ripening of berries, you can take your time with sea buckthorn until the beginning of July, and plant currants and gooseberries in between.
Select a place on a shaded bed, make holes, fill them with a mixture of one part of peat and three parts of sand and moisten with plenty of water. Get the hats ready.
Cuttings should be taken not from basal shoots and not from the depths of the bush, but from the periphery. In honeysuckle, segments of shoots about 10-12 cm long with two pairs of leaves are rooted; in currants, it is better to grab a stem with three leaves; in gooseberries and sea buckthorn, 3-4 leaves can be left. The lower leaf blades are cut off. The cuttings are dipped with the lower end in a stimulating powder for root formation, three pieces are stuck into each hole, watered from a watering can with a strainer over the leaves and immediately covered tightly with a cap. In the future, regular watering is needed.
Rooted cuttings are not transplanted in autumn: leave them at least until spring.
From a once rare culture, now honeysuckle has become one of the main berry bushes in our gardens.
Among horticultural crops, the ripening season of fresh fruits opens honeysuckle, which is gaining immense popularity not only among gardeners, but also industrial producers. Depending on spring conditions, honeysuckle ripens 7-10 days earlier compared to the most early varieties strawberries.
Honeysuckle is valued for the richest biochemical composition of fruits, which includes vitamin A - helping to improve the immune system, C - preventing body fatigue, iron - helping to combat anemia. The use of honeysuckle fruits in food contributes to the treatment of hypertension, malaria, liver and heart diseases.
Honeysuckle with tasty and healthy fruits, giving large yields, is the pride of Russian scientists and the hope of our gardeners. In the selection of honeysuckle, Russia has significantly outstripped other countries, having serious successes and advantages. After all, our climate is the best suited for growing this wonderful berry crop. And in a milder climate, it is difficult to get large yields of honeysuckle.
In the first and even in the second year after planting, no fertilizers are applied. In the future, as the bushes grow, with early spring top dressing, you can use ammonium nitrate (40-50 g per bush). Phosphorus and potash fertilizers are best applied partly in spring and partly in autumn. In the spring, per bush - 30 g of superphosphate, in the fall - 30 g of superphosphate and 20 g potassium sulfate. Top dressing is combined with a small watering.
Instead of surface fertilization, many hobbyists fertilize directly into the root zone. To do this, starting from the third year after planting, they punch holes along the periphery of the crown with a crowbar, pour solutions of mineral or organic fertilizers into these holes and cover them with earth.
From organic fertilizers, a solution of mullein in water (1:6) or bird droppings (1:10) is used. Application rate: under young bushes - 5 l of nutrient solution and 10 l - under fruit-bearing ones.
Honeysuckle is moisture-loving, but does not tolerate flooding. The bushes are watered as the soil dries up, but always in the critical phases of the growing season: during flowering, shoot growth (2 times), at the beginning of fruit ripening. For one young bush, 1-2 buckets of water are required, for an adult bush, 4-6 buckets.
This culture is very slow growing. In the first year, seedlings grow one shoot from 2 to 12 cm. The main growth continues for the first three years, during which time a bush of 0.5-1 m in height is formed. It is useless to stimulate the growth of shoots with nitrogen-containing fertilizers. Transplantation of bushes to a new place can be carried out from July to October.
First, I will post an Article that will help answer some questions:
If in your garden there is only one honeysuckle bush or several, but of the same variety, then the berries will be with a gulkin's nose. After all, this plant is cross-pollinated.
Do you want to be with the harvest? Be sure to plant three or four varieties. Usually, half of the flowers are tied when cross-pollinated. But there are a couple of varieties with a 100% hit: Tomichka - Vasyuganskaya, Tomichka - Pavlovskaya, Blue bird - Blue spindle, Long-fruited - Chelyabinka, Morena - Blue spindle, Morena - Viola, Violet - Amphora, Roxana - Violet.
The harvest is higher where there are untouched areas of meadows or forests - the habitats of bumblebees. And also in the gardens next to the apiary.
The secondary flowering of honeysuckle in autumn has become a common occurrence in the Moscow region. Blooming buds die from low temperatures, and the yield is reduced by a third. The only thing that can be done is to change varieties. I recommend those in which the rudiments of flowers in the buds overwinter well, which means high yields - Start, Blue Bird, Pavlovskaya, Dessert, Gerda, Cinderella, Blue Spindle, Early Nizhny Novgorod, Long-fruited, Amphora, Morena, Violet, Viola, Nymph , Moscow-23, Sinichka, Fortuna.
You will be satisfied with the harvest if you plant honeysuckle in good location and don't leave her unattended. Choose open sunny areas. In partial shade, it bears less fruit. Too dry places, low closed hollows with prolonged stagnation of water are unsuitable. Poor effect on flowers and ovaries strong winds. It is perfectly acceptable to grow honeysuckle next to blackcurrants. They almost completely match the requirements for growing conditions. Plant only in autumn, as honeysuckle begins vegetation earlier than other plants and planted in spring will be sick for a long time, lag behind in growth.
Sometimes gardeners give up ahead of time because of single berries. In fact, the harvest has to wait a long time. In the fourth year, no more than a glass can be collected. The yield increases gradually and reaches a possible maximum by the 7th - 8th year.
Another reason for the meager collection is improper pruning. Other gardeners have heard that all shrubs need this operation and cut them with the same brush.
By shortening the tops of the shoots, you only remove the large and the best part harvest.
In the first 5-7 years, crown care should be reduced to cutting damaged, broken, lying branches. The need for regular rejuvenating pruning (once every 3-4 years) according to the type of thinning occurs on the 8-10th year after planting. The best time is autumn, when the structure of the bush is clearly visible. Let the aphids smoke
Part of the crop goes to pests. Caterpillars of the honeysuckle fingerwing burrow into berries during their ripening and eat the pulp and seeds. Damaged berries turn blue ahead of time, wrinkle and fall off.
Weaken the bushes, eating shoots and leaves, rose and currant leaflets. Honeysuckle aphid settles on shoots and leaves almost every year. The larvae suck out the juice.
Occasionally, scale insects encroach on honeysuckle: willow and acacia. The larvae stick to the bark and cover it with a dense shield. They feed on the juice of the shoots. If there are few pests, it is better to deal with them manually: collect and crush. After all, they appear shortly before the ripening of the berries, when spraying with pesticides is unacceptable. Start chemical treatment immediately after harvest. Before spraying the bushes, make sure the caterpillars are still feeding on the leaves and have not pupated. Against leaf-eating and fruit-damaging insects, use Intavir, Decis, Fitoverm; against aphids - infusion of tobacco dust with the addition of laundry soap. Direct the jet to the underside of the leaves and the tops of the shoots, where pests lurk. Berries collected and re-sown
In mid-July, some of the tops on young bushes bloom, forming summer shoots of the second wave of growth. Their length is 12 - 15 cm. By the end of the growing season, they become woody, full-fledged rudiments of flowers are laid in the buds. This contributes to the growth of the crop. Therefore, we need summer top dressing and loosening the soil around the bushes. Dilute one part of slurry in four parts of water and pour 10 liters on the bush. In the absence of manure, use mineral water. Dissolve 25-30 g of complex fertilizer in 10 liters of water and water the bushes - 5 liters per plant. Don't forget to weed the weeds.
Although honeysuckle grown from seeds does not retain the characteristics of the original variety, this method is popular with gardeners due to its simplicity. Grind ripe berries or chop with a mixer. Fill the mass with water, mix, carefully drain. And so several times. The washed seeds will sink to the bottom. They can immediately be sown in the soil of soddy land, peat and sand in a ratio of 2:1:1. The thickness of the soil in the container should be at least 7 cm, as the roots grow very quickly. Cover the seeds with a layer of soil a little more than half a centimeter thick. Seedlings appear after three weeks. They need daily watering. Plants dive at a height of 2 - 3 cm and 2 - 3 pairs of true leaves at a distance of 5 cm from one another. For the winter, boxes with winter-hardy seedlings can be left in the garden, grown in the summer, and planted again in the fall.
Scientists have found that the summer sowing period accelerates the entry of plants into fruiting: in the third year, almost 90% of summer seedlings and only 5% of autumn and spring timing sowing. So what's the deal. You can become famous in the field of selection if some seedling gives, for example, berries unsurpassed in size and taste. Stock up on vitamins for the winter
Some gardeners do not like the bitter taste of berries. By the way, it intensifies in dry years. This season is no exception. Good, sweet, almost without bitterness, the fruits of the varieties Nymph, Lebedushka, Pavlovskaya, Chosen One, Long-fruited, Zyuminka, Lapis lazuli, Lakomka, Nizhny Novgorod early, Sinichka, Moscow 23, Coat of Arms, Cinderella, Kamchadalka, Gidzyuk's Memory.
From myself I will say
that I personally met with the fact that one free-standing edible honeysuckle bush for 60 plots of 6 acres each can produce berries the size of a bracket.
What is better to start varieties with different periods maturation.
That the varieties of the Leningrad selection (Nymph, Morena) are sweet and not high, the Chosen One is also good. Sweet fruits at the "Memory of Gidzyuk".
It is necessary to buy proven varieties at a low price at a variety testing site, whose phone I gave earlier and in general I already begin to experience inconvenience, that like a butt, I repeat what happened before.
| Moscow |
| 06.07.2004 |
| 11:49:48 |