• Landing: sowing annual seeds in the ground - before winter or in late April-early May. Sowing biennial seeds for seedlings - in late February or early March, transplanting seedlings in open ground- in May.
• Bloom: from June to September.
• Lighting: bright sunlight or partial shade.
• The soil: any, except for too wet and swampy. Fertilize the soil before sowing.
• Watering: while the plant takes root - once a week, and then moisturizing is required only during a prolonged drought.
• Top dressing: in spring - with a weak solution of mullein on the leaves, during flowering - with a liquid mineral complex under the root.
• Reproduction: dividing the bush, seeds.
• Diseases: root rot.
• Pests: the plant is stable.
• Properties: the plant has medicinal properties.

Read more about cultivation below.

Evening flower - description

Evening primroses are annual, biennial or perennial rhizomatous plants, reaching a height of 30 to 120 cm. The stems of donkeys are stiffly pubescent, straight or creeping. located in regular order leaves can be simple, serrated, entire, pinnately dissected or lobed. White, yellow, pink, purple, blue or red flowers 7-8 cm in diameter, usually very fragrant, located in the axils of the leaves singly, in a bunch or form a long brush.

Each flower blooms at sunset and only for one day, after which it fades. In rainy or cloudy weather, the flowers remain open all day, and in sunny weather they close by noon, but bees, flies and other insects manage to pollinate them before lunch. Flowering evening primrose lasts from June to September.

The fruit of the aspen is a box in which up to 3000 seeds ripen.

Planting evening primrose

It is better to grow evening primrose in the sun, although it also tolerates slight shading. The evening primrose flower does not impose special requirements on the composition of the soil, but swampy and too wet areas will definitely not suit it: primrose tolerates drought much more easily than waterlogging. The optimal soil for evening primrose is light sandy soil with a pH of 5.5-7.0 pH.

In the photo: Growing evening primrose in the garden

Oslinnik biennial can be grown seedling way: sow seeds in boxes at the end of February or at the beginning of March, wait for germination, and when the primrose seedlings get stronger, transplant it into holes located at a distance of 50-60 cm from each other.

If you do not want to grow seedlings, sow immediately in the flower garden. Evening primrose seeds are sown in moist soil before winter or in late April-early May, 2-3 pieces to a depth of 0.5-1 cm, maintaining a pattern of 30x30 cm. However you need to dig the area first to an average depth, with the introduction of two glasses of Nitrophoska and 3 kg of compost or humus for each m².

When seedlings emerge, they are dived in 10 cm increments. Depending on what species and variety you are growing, you may need to do a few more thinnings to ensure that each plant has a sufficient feeding area. In the first season, biennial and perennial species evening primroses form the root system and basal rosette of leaves, and flower stalks and flowers are formed for the next season.

Evening primrose care in the garden

Watering young evening primrose carried out once a week until it takes root, and mature plants need watering only during a prolonged drought. After watering or rain, it is necessary to loosen the soil around the bushes, while removing weeds.

If you did not add fertilizer to the soil when planting, it is advisable to carry out foliar in the spring top dressing evening primrose with a weak solution of mullein. If the soil was fertilized, then the mineral complex in the form of a solution is introduced into the soil at the site during the flowering of evening primrose.

In the photo: How evening primrose blooms

A mandatory procedure is to remove wilted flowers from the bushes: this measure will not only prolong flowering, but also prevent the propagation of evening primrose by self-sowing. The root system of some types of aspen, growing, gives rise, and in order for the roots of the plant not to spread, you need to dig into the soil around the flower garden to a depth of 25 cm limiters made of old slate or metal.

Donkeys degenerate quickly enough, therefore at the first sign of growth, the bushes should be dug up, divided and transplanted to another place. It is advisable to do this at least once every 3-4 years.

At the end of the season, the faded biennial evening primrose is disposed of, and the aerial part of the perennial is cut off. It is not necessary to cover perennial species for the winter, but if you expect severe frosts with a small amount of snow, cover the sockets with peat or compost.

Types and varieties of evening primrose

Aspen species grown in horticultural crops are divided into biennial and perennial. Biennials include:

Semishrub from 30 to 80 cm high with a powerful, highly branched stem, opposite dark green, entire, elongate-lanceolate leaves pointed to the top and four-petal fragrant yellow flowers up to 7 cm in diameter.

In the photo: Drummond's evening primrose (Oenothera drummondii)

Biennial up to 120 cm high orange flowers. Most often, a variety of this species called Sunset Boulevard is grown in gardens: a bush with brick-orange flowers reaches 35-45 cm in height, and 15-25 cm in diameter.

In the photo: Multicolored evening primrose (Oenothera versicolor)

Or evening primrose, or evening primrose " night candle» - a plant with erect stems up to 120 cm high, covered with short hairs. Lanceolate, entire, rarely toothed, almost entire leaves can reach a length of 20 cm. This is a yellow evening primrose: its right flowers up to 5 cm in diameter, collected in terminal racemose inflorescences, painted in a lemon-yellow hue and open only in the evening or in cloudy weather. The most famous variety of the species: Evening Dawn is a plant about 1 m high with fragrant golden flowers with a red tint.

In the photo: Oenothera biennis (Oenothera biennis)

A young plant up to 40 cm high with oblong, rarely serrated leaves along the edge and pink or white fragrant flowers cup-shaped, up to 5 cm in diameter, collected in an apical few-flowered spike-shaped inflorescence.

In the photo: Beautiful evening primrose (Oenothera speciosa)

Or Oenothera Lamarck - a biennial plant of unknown origin, but it is likely that it appeared in the Old World as a result of a mutation. This is an upright, densely branched shrub up to 1 m high with smooth light green oval-lanceolate leaves and yellow flowers forming dense brushes. The plant has been cultivated since the 19th century.

In the photo: Oenothera erythrosepala (Oenothera erythrosepala)

Of the perennial species of evening primrose in horticultural crops, the following are grown:

Or evening primrose, originating from south central North America. Its ascending stems reach a height of 30-40 cm. Dense leaves can be oval or narrow-lanceolate. Fragrant single golden-yellow flowers up to 10 cm in diameter practically lie on the ground. This spectacular primrose has been in cultivation since 1811.

In the photo: Missouri Oenothera (Oenothera missouriensis)

Native to eastern North America. This is a low-growing plant up to 25 cm tall with narrow-lanceolate leaves up to 1.5 cm wide and yellow flowers about 1.5 cm in diameter, collected in an ear. Cultivated since 1757.

In the photo: Perennial primrose (Oenothera perennis = Oenothera pumila)

Or evening primrose Fraser - view from the east of North America. Bushes up to 70 cm high with oval blue-green leaves, which acquire a reddish tint in autumn, are decorated with corymbose inflorescences of yellow fragrant flowers. by the most famous varieties are Sonnenwende (golden-yellow flowers), Friwerkeri (golden-yellow flowers, red stems and buds), Hoes Licht (canary-yellow flowers).

In the photo: Quadrangular oenothera (Oenothera tetragona)

Native to the east coast of North America. This is a semi-shrub species up to 120 cm high with dark green elongated oval leaves and fragrant yellow flowers up to 5 cm in diameter. This plant has been in cultivation since 1737.

In the photo: Shrub primrose (Oenothera fruticosa)

Evening primrose properties - harm and benefit

Useful properties of evening primrose

Oenothera has many useful properties due to its chemical composition. It contains saponins, carotenoids, steroids, flavonoids, tannins, phenolcarboxylic acids, polysaccharides, anthocyanins, mucus, polyterpenoids, a large number of vitamin C, as well as macro- and microelements calcium, magnesium, potassium, sodium, zinc, manganese, selenium and iron. The roots of the plant contain resins, sterols and reducing sugars. A decoction of aspen root is used in folk medicine for the treatment of colds and pulmonary tuberculosis.

most valuable drug is evening primrose oil, produced from the seeds of the plant. It consists of polyunsaturated fatty acids, amino acids and proteins. The high content of linolenic acid in evening primrose oil reduces the risk of blood clots in the vessels, has a beneficial effect on the body with cirrhosis of the liver, eczema, rheumatoid arthritis and diabetic neuropathy. Evening primrose oil is added to preparations for diathesis and itchy ichthyosis.

Evening primrose preparations are used to treat arthritis, thrombosis, asthma, tumors and fungal diseases. An infusion of aspen leaves is used as an anticonvulsant, as well as for inflammation of the kidneys and cardiac neuralgia. This drug is a sedative and fixing agent, and when used externally, its antimicrobial effect is manifested.

In the photo: Evening primrose - a beautiful and useful flower

Evening evening primrose infusion for diarrhea: two teaspoons of crushed herbs are poured into a glass of boiling water, infused for 60 minutes, filtered and drunk in small portions throughout the day.

Evening primrose tincture with severe dehydration: one part of the crushed primrose grass is poured with four parts of alcohol, tightly sealed and infused in a dark, cool place for three weeks, shaking from time to time. Then the tincture is filtered and taken 20-30 drops three times a day.

Enotera - contraindications

Uncontrolled use of evening primrose is contraindicated, which may cause nausea, weakness and headache. Aspen preparations are not recommended for schizophrenics and epileptics. You can not combine them with epileptogenic drugs and phenothiazines.

Evening primrose (another name is aspen) is a beautifully flowering plant of the Cyprus family. There are about 80 types of evening primrose. Among them there are perennials, biennials and annuals.

Oenothera

Evening primrose has straight stems from 30 cm to 1.5 meters high, plants with creeping stems are less common. Fragrant large flowers are often collected in a long racemose inflorescence, most often have a golden yellow color, but in some species and varieties they can be pink, white or purple. In many species of evening primrose, flowers open in the evening.

Perennial types of evening primrose:

In culture, perennial species are most common - evening primrose shrub and evening primrose quadrangular, you can also meet Missourian evening primrose and beautiful evening primrose. As annuals, evening primrose Drummond and evening primrose are grown.

1. Oenothera quadrangular (Oenothera tetragona) - winter-hardy perennial, forms bushes with erect stems about 40-70 cm in height. The bluish-green leaves are oval, turning reddish in autumn. Yellow flowers are collected in thyroid inflorescences. Flowering continues from June to August.

2. Evening primrose shrub (Oenothera fruticosa) is a perennial winter-hardy plant about 90-120 cm in height. The flowers are fragrant yellow, about 5 cm in diameter. Flowering June-August.

3. Oenothera Missouri (Oenothera missouriensis) - perennial plant with ascending stems about 30-40 cm in height. The leaves are dense oval long, fragrant golden yellow flowers solitary about 10 cm in diameter. The aroma intensifies in the evening. It blooms in June-August with a total duration of about 2 months.

4.Oenothera is beautiful (Oenothera speciosa) - perennial, but insufficiently winter-hardy in conditions middle lane Russian plant. Stems 25 to 40 cm high, leaves are oblong, sparsely serrated along the edge, white or pink fragrant flowers are collected in spike-shaped few-flowered inflorescences. For the winter, the stems are cut, leaving daughter rosettes, covered with a layer of dry foliage or sawdust, and a film on top. It is also possible to keep the plant in winter period in the cellar or basement, digging with a clod of earth.

5. Evening primrose (Oenothera acaulis) is a very interesting perennial miniature plant about 10-15 cm tall. In a non-flowering state, this evening primrose resembles a hosta, only very small. Flowering lasts about 2 months in July-August. The flowers are pale yellow, solitary, open at sunset and live only one night. Above each rosette of leaves, one flower opens, by morning it already completely fades, and by the next evening a new one appears.

Annual types of evening primrose:

(Oenothera drummondii). Annual from 30 to 80 cm tall with yellow fragrant flowers. Snemena is sown directly in open ground in May, 3 seeds per hole with a distance of about 30 cm between holes. Time before germination is about 2 weeks. Blooms around mid-July. Flowering lasts until frost.

(Oenothera pallida). Perennial grown in our climate as an annual. It has very fragrant large white flowers about 5 cm in diameter, which bloom in the evening. By morning, the flowers turn pink and fade during the day, and in the evening new, very fragrant buds bloom. This "night magic of scent" lasts from June until the end of September. It is better to plant pale evening primrose for seedlings in March-April. Flowering occurs about two months after germination.

Oenothera in garden design

In the garden, evening primrose is planted in groups in slightly shaded places, undersized species look beautiful in combination with other perennials, for example, or. Worth it great. Evening primrose is quadrangular and beautiful - excellent plants for borders. Saturated bright yellow color of evening primrose flowers will perfectly fit into the "sunny flower garden" with plants of harmonious colors. A semi-shaded area will become brighter and sunnier thanks to this flower. You can plant evening primroses in trunk circles shrubs and garden trees. The contrast will be a composition of yellow-flowered evening primrose with blue-violet flowers.

Oenothera. Growing, planting and care

Oenothera - pretty unpretentious plant, drought-resistant, winter-hardy. Grows in sun and light shade. In the sun during the day, the flowers close. Soils are preferred light nutrient well-drained with a neutral reaction. Withered flowers should be removed in a timely manner, this will prolong the flowering period.

Enotera, or, as it is also called, a night candle, is one of amazing plants. There are several varieties, among them stands out perennial evening primrose Missouri. The golden beauty, like all other species, begins to bloom in the evening and continues throughout the night. By morning, its flowers fade, but new buds appear to replace them, which will open again only in the evening. Today we will tell you about the evening primrose. Planting and caring for a plant have their own nuances, and if you have never encountered this species, but want to decorate your garden with it, we suggest reading this article.

Description of colors

One of yellow varieties evening primrose is called Missouri. This is when flowering, which occurs from June until the first frosts, it exudes a pleasant aroma, citrus notes are guessed in it. The flowers of the Missouri evening primrose are medium, reminiscent of glossy cups, they can be up to four centimeters in diameter, collected in graceful inflorescences with a diameter of about ten centimeters. Gardeners love this variety for its decorative effect. Bushes of yellow evening primrose grow well, they can decorate the entire territory with their lush and abundant flowering.

Place of landing

Evening primrose is a very soil-demanding flowering plant. On any soil, it may grow, but it will not bloom. Special attention should be given to the presence of drainage. Also, the Missouri evening primrose will not develop in hard, heavy soil, it must be stably loosened. So let's choose perfect place for planting evening primrose and for its full growth, flowering.

The soil must be ideally permeable, water stagnation in the soil is not allowed, excess moisture is detrimental to the root system. The site where the plant is planned to be planted should be in a well-lit place, but it can be both shade and partial shade. Abundant flowering Evening primrose yellow will please if the soil has all the necessary fertilizers. This is a low-growing variety, they can decorate garden paths and flower beds.

It is recommended to feed the soil even before planting the plant, for this you need nitrophoska and humus. Fertilizers are taken exactly according to the rules: one square meter it is necessary to add two tablespoons of nitrophoska and three kilograms of humus. After that, the soil must be dug up well to a depth of about twenty centimeters, all weed roots should be removed, watered well so that the top dressing starts working.

A perennial evening primrose can be planted in several ways. Planting and care will be described in the following content. If you decide to grow a flower yourself, starting from seeds, then purchase planting material only from a good company.

Sowing seeds

In this way, it is best to plant perennials. Evening primrose Missouri is one of these species, so it is ideal. The seeds of the plant are very small; first of all, they must be mixed with a small amount of sand and planted on a prepared site to a depth not exceeding five millimeters.

For the first year, you should not expect flowering, only stems with leaves will appear. The Missouri evening primrose will begin to bloom from the second year of life.

It is possible to plant seeds in open ground only when the earth warms up to +15 degrees, there is no danger of frost. When shoots appear and get a little stronger, thinning will need to be done.

seedling method

To achieve the flowering of a night candle (Missouri primrose), you need to prepare seedlings. Seeds are planted in cups of peat or plastic filled with fertile soil (with good drainage) at the end of February, shoots will appear in the interval from a week to four. Keep the air temperature around 20 degrees, water if necessary. In May, when the seedlings are strong, there is no threat of frost, it can be planted in the garden. Read below for information on how to do it correctly.

The division of the bush

This is the easiest way to propagate and plant Missouri evening primrose flowers in your yard. If your friends have these plants, then ask them for a bush. Dividing a flower is quite simple, the plant must be dug up in spring or autumn along with the root and a clod of earth, lowered into water for safer separation - this way it will be less damaged root system. It is possible to do without digging a bush, many give side shoots, which can be carefully removed from the soil without damaging the main plant. The evening primrose Missouri tolerates transplanting well, even during flowering.

Landing

Oenothera is original flower, when planting it in the ground, you need to take into account every little thing, because the adaptation of the plant to the new soil depends on it. If you do everything right, you will soon get the most beautiful flowers that will decorate your territory at night.

1. When planting seedlings, prepare the holes, the distance between them should be at least half a meter, as this plant develops rapidly and takes root over a long distance. The holes should be exactly the depth at which the plant grew in pots or in the ground (when dividing a bush or thinning seedlings in open ground).
2. Lay drainage at the bottom, it will perfectly serve as a drain excess moisture regular crushed stone or gravel.
3. Place the seedling in the hole, sprinkle with fertile soil to the level to which it grew in the container or soil, this is very important.
4. After carrying out all these manipulations, water the seedlings.

After planting, do not forget about the proper care of the plant. We suggest that you familiarize yourself with the basic rules that must be observed for the active growth and flowering of evening primrose. Complete process will not take you much time and effort, the care is rather primitive, it practically does not differ from what is required to care for other flowering perennials.

Watering

Only young plants need to be irrigated. Adult evening primrose does not tolerate excessive moisture. Stagnation of water can cause root rot, and this can lead to the death of the plant. If there is enough rain in the season, then watering is not required at all.

In the dry season, when the earth is completely dry, it is worth slightly moistening the soil around the bush.

fertilizers

Only a planted plant does not need to be fed all year round. The mixture that was applied to the soil before planting will be enough for him. From next year, you need to make compost once a season, it will enhance growth, and when flowering, pamper evening primrose with potassium sulfate and wood ash. The main thing is not to overdo it, it is worth feeding with potassium sulfate strictly according to the instructions, without increasing the dosage.

To appearance was aesthetic, in the morning it is necessary to remove wilted flowers so that they do not spoil the appearance of the plant and do not interfere with new inflorescences.

Soil loosening

The main care for evening primrose is precisely in frequent loosening. This will allow the soil to be more saturated with oxygen, get rid of excessive moisture. In addition, it is necessary to remove weeds, they are able to reduce the growth of evening primrose, although it itself perfectly clogs growing herbs and crops all around. That is why it is not recommended to plant it with other ornamental plants.

Missouri evening primrose should be completely cut off in the fall - to the very root. To protect the roots in winter, covering material is needed, spruce paws will also serve perfectly for this.

Pests and their control

When growing evening primrose, you are unlikely to encounter problems such as plant disease or pest attacks. This flower is very resistant to all these undesirable factors. If the rules of care are not followed, or if the season is excessively rainy and moisture stagnates, some fungal diseases, but they are quickly treated with fungicides.

Pests rarely encroach on evening primrose, but they can still notice it. If this happens, treat the plants with insecticides. Some insects will have to be collected by hand, removing from flowers.

By following these simple rules, you will get a beautiful clearing that will be littered every night with

If the flower beds in your garden lack a touch of sophistication, then a wonderful flower with the original name of evening primrose can change the situation. It does not look like the plants we are used to, so it is safe to say that it will be firmly fixed on your flower garden. In our article you will find a lot of interesting things about evening primrose, and find out what needs to be done to make its flowering last as long as possible.

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plant description

Evening primrose is a herbaceous plant belonging to the cypress family. His homeland is the earth Central America, but there are no difficulties with growing on the European continent. Bushes have erect or creeping stems with pronounced pubescence. Oval leaves alternately arranged on a short petiole, a bit reminiscent of donkey ears.

The main advantage of the plant, which is called the "night candle", are delicate flowers that bloom after sunset. As a rule, they bloom one night, and wither in the morning (an exception may be in cloudy weather, when flowering can last until noon). The flowers are quite large, and a wonderful addition to them is a delicate aroma, which is felt quite expressively in the evening. Vladimir Groshilin in the video below managed to capture the moment of blooming of the Missouri evening primrose flower.

Variety of evening primrose

Depending on the species, and there are about 100 of them in the genus, the height of the bush ranges from 30 to 120 cm. Some species are cultivated purely in an annual culture, others are grown as biennials, and some generally grow as perennials.

Consider a few popular types:

1. Oenothera Missouri. Perennial small height. Large flowers of golden yellow color have a persistent aroma. Looks very impressive in group plantings.
2. Oenothera biennial. It is the most common of all species. It has long (up to 2 m) creeping shoots, which are strewn along the entire length. lemon flowers. With the onset of the evening, you can feel a delicate aroma. Mature plants can be seen in this photo.
3. Enotera Kustarnikova. perennial medium size with excellent winter hardiness. The stems are strong, erect, have good stability. An additional decoration are small leaves, which acquire a crimson hue with the onset of autumn. Flowers up to 3 cm in diameter, bright yellow color.

Overview of popular varieties

It is worth highlighting several popular varieties of evening primrose, which are successfully grown by our flower growers. Small bushes about 40 cm high with red stems and golden yellow inflorescences are characteristic of the Fryverkeri variety. Evening primrose Hohes Licht has less saturated flowers, but a slightly higher height - 60 cm. The Sonnenwende variety has inflorescences of a similar shade, but the foliage has a more saturated green color. The height of these plants also reaches 60 cm, but the stems do not need supports.

The division of the bush

Perennial evening primrose species are very easy to propagate by dividing the bush. He is being held in early spring before the start of growth. Large bushes are divided into several equal parts. To carry out the operation, they must be dug up, and small bushes can be divided directly in the ground with a shovel. Before planting, damaged rhizomes can be treated with crushed charcoal, which will become additional protection from decay.

culture care

Evening primrose is not a capricious plant, but some points are worth paying attention to. In particular, the bushes do not tolerate waterlogging, so if your site is heavy clay soil Plants should only be watered after the soil has dried. In this case, it is better not to top up than to overfill.

Fertilizing with mineral compounds will help to achieve lush and long flowering. For annuals can be used throughout the season nitrogen fertilizers, and for perennials, the last top dressing with nitrogen is carried out in mid-July.
It should also be noted that the night candle is a big fan of sunny areas. On the open areas growth will be noticeably better than in the shade.

The use of evening primrose at their summer cottage

Evening primrose bushes can organically complement any composition. They are good in group plantings on mixborders, and undersized species are very often used in rock gardens. Annuals can be grown in pots and hanging planters with which you can decorate any corner of the yard.

No wonder they say that all amazing near. For example, the evening primrose plant looks like a pretty simple thing, but what a miracle it turns into with the onset of the evening dawn. As soon as the warm twilight falls on the ground, magic begins: in the midst of silence, a quiet rustle is heard and, against the background of green leaves, a large flower, followed by another and another ... After some 15-20 minutes, the entire bush is strewn with bright fragrant "lanterns". For this amazing ability, evening primrose was popularly called the night candle, evening primrose and candlestick. The scientific name of the spectacular representative of the fireweed family comes from the Greek words "oinos" - wine and "ther" - a wild beast. In the old days, it was believed that the "night candle" helps to tame predators. It is enough just to insist wine on the roots of evening primrose, spray the nearest bush with the drug and let the animal smell it. The most ferocious animal that inhaled wine vapors immediately became humble and meek, like a domestic donkey. Perhaps that is why the evening primrose is also called the donkey.

However, flower growers all over the world love the twilight beauty not at all for the variety of popular nicknames. The main advantages of culture are beauty, unpretentiousness and a delicate delicate aroma. Be sure to plant an evening primrose, and it will turn your evening stroll through the garden into an unforgettable rendezvous.

Landing dates

Evening primrose seeds are sown in open ground in the second half of May, but in this case the seedlings bloom in the second year.

If you want to admire the marvelous flowering of the "night candle" already in the current season, sow the seeds in March for seedlings, and at the end of spring, transplant the bushes into a flower bed.

Growing from seed

To obtain strong seedlings of evening primrose, special skills are not required. The technology is extremely simple:

• Fill a small container with wet growing medium. You can take a purchased universal mixture.
• Scatter evening primrose seeds on the soil surface and sprinkle them with a thin (1-2 mm) layer of calcined sand.
• Crops are kept at a temperature of + 16 ° ... + 18 ° C, maintaining a constant moderate soil moisture. Seed germination takes 7-10 days.
• When the seedlings grow up a little, pick them up in separate containers and take care of them like any seedlings: water, ventilate and loosen the soil.
• 15-20 days before planting, start taking the plant to the garden for hardening.

After the end of night frosts, seedlings can be transferred to open ground. Evening primrose will grow well where you plant it, without making any special demands on the composition or quality of the soil. But! In order for it to bloom all day (and this is possible!), It should be settled in the shade or partial shade. Seedlings are transferred with a lump into shallow pits, dug in and watered. Optimal distance between adjacent specimens - 40–50 cm.

Sowing evening primrose in open ground is also a simple task. Dig and water the area, then plant the seeds to a depth of 0.5–1 cm. The main thing is not to let the soil dry out, otherwise the seed germination will decrease significantly.

Care rules

In the competition for the most unpretentious character, the evening primrose would certainly take a prize, because care for her is minimal:

• In the usual summer weather for mid-latitudes, it is not necessary to water the plantings. Water supply is required only during prolonged drought.
• Reinforced dressings of evening primrose are also not needed. Complex fertilizer for flowering plants contribute under the bushes only with weak flowering.
• At first, the flower bed needs to be weeded, but when the bushes grow up, they themselves will force out the weed grass from their territory.
• Be sure to pick off faded buds to make room for new buds.

Diseases and pests

Poor health of a twilight beauty is a very rare phenomenon. The defeat of plants by fungal diseases is possible only in a very rainy summer. If you notice extraneous spots or plaque on the evening primrose greens, tear off the damaged leaves and spray the plantings with a weak solution of Fundazol.

Before the onset of cold weather, the used primrose stems are cut at the root, leaving only young daughter rosettes. The site is mulched with dry leaves, sawdust or a thick layer of peat. Particular sensitivity to low temperatures beautiful evening primrose and missourian evening primrose differ, so they are additionally covered with a film or non-woven material. If weather forecasters predict a harsh winter with little snow, you can dig up bushes of heat-loving species and put them in a frost-free cellar, and plant them in the ground again in the spring.

Species and varieties

The genus evening primrose has more than 140 species of herbaceous rhizomatous plants growing in Europe and America. Of these, the following have firmly established themselves in a perennial garden culture:

• Evening primrose is the most cold-resistant and unpretentious representative of the genus, growing on the east coast of North America. This is a tall (90–120 cm) shrub with dark green oblong-oval leaves and medium-sized (about 5 cm in diameter) yellow flowers. Flowering time - from June to October.
• Oenothera biennial is a highly decorative herbaceous biennial up to 120 cm high with long lanceolate leaves and lemon-yellow flowers collected in a brush. Popular varieties: Pinocchio, Evening Dawn.
• Evening primrose quadrangular is an upright bushy plant 40–70 cm, living in the east of North America. In autumn, the oval blue-green leaves take on an elegant reddish hue. Graceful yellow flowers, collected in corymbs, bloom from June to August. Varieties: Sonnenwenden, Hohes licht, Fryverkery.
• Evening primrose Missouri is a showy herbaceous perennial with ascending stems and dense oval leaves. Large single flowers of golden yellow color reach a diameter of 10–12 cm. Flowering occurs in June and lasts 60–65 days. Varieties: Solveig, Night Candle.
• Evening primrose is a very attractive but short-lived perennial native to the southern United States. The height of the bush is about 25–40 cm. Delicate fragrant cup-shaped flowers, collected in the apical spike, bloom at the end of June and adorn the garden until the end of August. The color of the petals is white or pink. Very good varieties Evening Rose, Free Wind.

In the flower garden, the “night candle” harmonizes perfectly with lobelia, veronica, garden bells, astilbes, petunias, marigolds, stakhis and physiostegia. Many landscape designers are very fond of highlighting evening primrose plantings with garden lanterns, thereby enhancing the effect of its “flashing”.