- If the peduncle is green and the orchid does not dry it, then we leave such a peduncle without pruning, because flowering can still continue from its dormant buds.
- If the orchid begins to dry the peduncle, then the dried parts are cut off as they dry up and the sections are disinfected and waxed over to avoid water ingress and decay.
Major mistakes
How to properly plant an orchid at home without making mistakes? By starting the breeding process, we hope for a positive result. But there are also failures.:
- Only healthy plants without can give a nice new bush... And we often try to save the sick;
- All cuts must be made with a clean instrument. And sterilize;
- For transplanted plants, it is necessary to create an optimal regime.
Useful video
Find out what methods of reproduction exist in an orchid, how to transplant and how to divide, in the video:
Look step by step video about orchid propagation at home:
Interesting facts, what a side shoot looks like in an orchid, in the video:
Learn about orchid seeds: how to get it at home and how to dilute it on video:
Conclusion
- Not too long ago we looked with surprised eyes for a donated orchid. One flower in a test tube;
- Today we are thinking about purchasing not just an orchid, but a species one;
- And no problem we can multiply available... In ordinary conditions, houses and apartments.
In contact with
Phalaenopsis orchid is a herbaceous plant of the orchid family. V wildlife this plant lives in moist warm forests. Phalaenopsis is represented by 3-6 wide leaves, arranged alternately, between which a peduncle grows, represented by a flexible long branch.
The number of flowers depends on the care and variety of the plant; flowers can have any color, spots and stripes.
Even an inexperienced florist can reproduce phalaenopsis.
Breeding conditions
To obtain positive results in the reproduction of orchids, a number of rules must be followed. Choose the right planting time, observe the temperature regime, humidity and choose the right plant from which we will take planting material.
Time
It is best to breed the phalaenopsis orchid when the plant is approaching the end of the flowering phase- then the resources of the flower will be used for reproduction.
Humidity
The ideal humidity for Phalaenopsis orchids is 50-80%. A moisture content of 25-85% is possible, but optimal moisture is important for healthy reproduction.
Temperature
Great for reproduction of phalaenopsis temperature from 28 to 30 degrees, the temperature is above normal, but below it is not recommended.
The general condition of the orchid
Suitable for breeding only individuals without diseases... A diseased plant may have black, mucus or yellow leaves, leaves of an unnatural color, if you see at least one of the signs, postpone reproduction until the plant recovers.
Reproduction methods of the Phalaenopsis orchid
In order to propagate the Phalaenopsis orchid, there are several ways, below we will take a closer look at each of them.
Division of the stem (cuttings of the peduncle)
One of the common ways of reproduction of the Phalaenopsis orchid is vegetative propagation, or grafting - dividing the stalk of the peduncle into parts. The optimal season for this is late spring - early summer.
We get cuttings from the trunk
You can find out more about orchid stem cuttings from the video below:
How to grow in water?
Reproduction of the phalaenopsis orchid can be done by cutting off the peduncle. This method is suitable when the mother plant is very sick and cannot be saved.
How to propagate phalaenopsis in water?
Important conditions for caring for a cut peduncle
- The temperature should not exceed 25 and not exceed 28 degrees; under other conditions, not a baby will grow from a kidney, but a peduncle.
- Into a bottle with clean water in addition to activated carbon, you can add mineral fertilizer at a concentration of 1: 4 from the usual.
- Separate the baby when a young plant has 3-4 leaves and roots of at least 3-6 cm.Just cut it off along with a part of the peduncle, plant it in a transparent pot filled with bark and do not allow direct sunlight to hit.
How to plant babies
It is important that the plant has already left the flowering phase, was absolutely healthy and had a peduncle not older than 1.5-2 years.
The baby itself looks like a bud located on a peduncle.
Important conditions:
- It is advisable to start stimulating the growth of the kidney in February. The flower should be placed on the west or east side, shading the leaves and allowing the sun's rays to hit only the peduncle.
- The temperature during the day should reach 27 degrees, and at night it should be in the region of 16-17 degrees.
- It is advisable to reduce watering of phalaenopsis to a minimum.
- Top dressing cannot be applied until the kidney wakes up. After about a month of such care, the sleeping kidney wakes up.
After the kidney wakes up, you need to:
- Move the plant to a warm but shaded place. Do not expose your baby to direct sunlight.
- Normalize your plant's watering schedule.
- Bring in foliar feeding, that is, on the leaves. When the plant is sufficiently developed, the root can be applied.
After about six months, the baby will have 2-3 leaves and roots longer than 2-3 cm, you will need to carefully separate it from the mother plant and transplant it into a pot.
You can learn more about the reproduction of the Phalaenopsis orchid by children from the video below:
How to propagate with cytokinin paste?
The method of reproduction of the phalaenopsis orchid with cytokinin paste is one of the simplest and most rewarding. It is better to use this method at the end of winter or in spring, when the plant has the most vitality and energy.
Attention! Cytokinin paste can only be stored in the refrigerator!
So, to start growing a bud on a peduncle stem, using a paste, you need to follow the instructions below.
- Use a sterile knife or needle to scratch the surface of the peduncle.
- Apply approximately 1.5-2.3 millimeters of paste to the scratch area. After about 10 days, the bud will begin to germinate. The best option- apply the paste with a toothpick. Apply it a little more, with an insufficient amount of cytokinin paste, a new peduncle will arise, and not a bud.
- To awaken the budding bud, cut off the scales that protect it and apply the same amount of paste to the bud.
- After 10-20 days, the bud will wake up, let it grow two to three leaves and 3-5 cm roots and plant the baby in a pot. Do not expose to the sun.
Reproduction by seeds with a photo at home
Seed propagation is one of the most difficult ways, previously it was considered impossible.
The main reasons why this method is not used too often and takes so much time and effort:
- Orchid seeds are very small and almost impossible to see with the naked eye.
- They have there is no endosperm. Endosperm is the tissue that surrounds the embryo, nourishing it and preventing the harmful effects of the environment from damaging the embryo.
- Any interaction with environment, diseases and deviations from the standards of care leads to the death of the plant.
How to grow a phalaenopsis orchid from seeds, step by step instructions?
To get orchid seeds yourself, you need to carefully pollinate the flower with a toothpick, as in the photo below. Or you can buy ready-made seeds.
After successful pollination, the bolls of orchids begin to grow.
After 6 months, the boxes with Phalaenopsis orchid seeds ripen.
To take the next step, you need to prepare a nutrient medium for the plant. There are several recipes for making a formula.
Recipe 1
You will need 10-20 grams of agar-agar powder, 10 grams of fructose, the same amount of glucose, a little phosphoric acid, calcium carbonate, as well as about 200 ml of purified water. let the agar-agar swell in water, pour the resulting jelly into boiling water and add fructose with glucose, calcium carbonate and acid. Stir until you get a homogeneous substance without crystals.
Recipe 2
Another recipe for a nutrient medium. We need:
- 400 ml of distilled water;
- 100 ml tomato juice;
- 20 grams of sugar;
- 40 grams of banana;
- 0.5 ml fertilizer for orchids;
- 2 tablets of activated carbon;
- 0.5 g of honey.
You need to grow an orchid in glass tubes with sealed stoppers. If you do not have these tubes, use small jars with very tight screw caps. Sterilize the jars thoroughly, pour in 30-50 ml of the nutrient mixture.
Attention! It is very important to make the environment sterile, otherwise the plants in the mixture will develop mold and the plants will not germinate.
Re-sterilize the jars by pouring the resulting solution there in a water bath and leave for 3-6 days to make sure that the disinfection was successful. If mold appears, this solution must not be used!
Cover the seeds with 1% chlorine lime solution and let sit for 15-20 minutes. Actively shake the container 3-5 times during this time.
Take a small saucepan with boiling water, cover it with a wire rack with cells in which you can fix flasks or jars of culture medium. The lids should also lie side by side for disinfection.
Gently draw the seeds out of the bleach solution and place into the culture medium using a sterile syringe. Close the containers carefully and place them in the greenhouse.
After six months, carefully open the containers. In case of successful seed germination, you will see sprouts in the jar as in the photo below.
Pour in 40-60 ml warm water shake until dissolved. Pour the resulting substance into a wide bowl and add 2-5 drops of 1% Furnadzol solution. Now let your germinated seeds sit for 15-20 minutes.
Now, using the smallest, thinnest and softest brush, plant the germinated seeds one at a time in pots of bark and moss soil. Add crushed fern roots and a few crushed activated charcoal tablets to the soil.
After about six months, it will be possible to transplant the seedlings into the soil intended for adult plants. Unfortunately, the flowering of orchids grown in this way should not be expected earlier than in 4-7 years.
How do Phalaenopsis reproduce by roots?
Orchid propagation by roots is within the power of even a beginner.
- Lift the plant above the pot and gently loosen the soil.
- Cut the rhizome with a sterile knife or secateurs, leaving 2-3 pseudobulbs per sprout.
- Powder the slices with charcoal powder.
- Plant each separated part in a separate pot with fresh soil, spray twice a day until true leaves and good roots appear. After a while, you will have a healthy plant!
Possible breeding errors
Important mistakes in the reproduction of the phalaenopsis orchid are:
- Using a diseased plant for propagation. It is important to remember that a plant with an unhealthy color of leaves, black roots, covered with mucus - important sign, indicating that such a plant should not be used for reproduction.
- The only reproduction method that can be used with a diseased plant is reproduction in water.
- Important remember to sterilize the sections, regular watering.
- Do not expose plants to direct sunlight, this is harmful and dangerous for a plant in the process of reproduction.
- It is necessary to give the plant optimal temperature, lighting and humidity, abnormality may fail.
Baby care
In order not only to get a baby, but also to grow it into a healthy and beautiful plant, it is important not to forget about proper care.
- Small plants should be planted in the same pots as adult plants: transparent, with large quantity holes. You can also add to fresh soil taken from the pot of the mother plant in a 1: 1 ratio.
- It is important that young phalaenopsis receive optimal conditions: The temperature and humidity should be ideal, and do not expose the sprouts to direct sunlight.
- Top dressing should be applied depending on the breeding method.
Useful video
You can learn more about the reproduction of Phalaenopsis from the video below:
Instead of a conclusion
In fact, even a completely inexperienced beginner can have one or two more orchids in his house, propagating at home, the main thing is to follow the instructions and not lose faith in yourself!
In contact with
Orchids are increasingly seen on the home windowsill. The plant has many varieties that are grown in an apartment. And even beginner growers can do it. It's only important to stick to step by step recommendations breeding and caring for the plant, checking your progress with the photo.
Features of the orchid. Reproduction methods
Pledge successful breeding in any conditions is proper care... These are lighting, humidity, watering, temperature conditions, feeding and pruning according to the norms for your variety. The right technology means that a young shoot or stalk will have the necessary strength for rooting and growth. Each of the orchid propagation methods has its own nuances:
- vegetative;
- cuttings;
Indoor orchids
- stem offspring;
- or by seeds.
Advice. Experienced florists recommend keeping an orchid care diary. Especially if you rearrange the flower on different windowsills, try different fertilizers, etc. This will help you gain and maintain experience so that you can choose the best option in the coming seasons.
How to propagate an orchid vegetatively
Asexual propagation is optimal for a large variety group - sympodial plants. Flowers have horizontal shoots that are connected by one root. Use a large sample without damage or signs of disease. If you are propagating an orchid at home, start preparation one year in advance. Cut the root of the mother plant to the middle in several places. This technique stimulates indoor plant form additional adventitious buds.
Separation procedure:
- Remove the bush from the pot.
- Peel the rhizome carefully.
- Divide the root with a disinfected knife or pruner. Each new part of the plant should have a piece of the root system, as well as 2-3 horizontal shoots and a young sprout.
- Treat the sections on the plant with crushed activated charcoal or charcoal.
- Plant the separated plant elements in different containers that will be comparable to their size. The soil should be identical to that in the mother's pot.
Attention! The smaller the separated part of the orchid, the longer it will take to grow a full-fledged adult flower.
After dividing for a month, the orchid needs daily spraying. New plants need high humidity... But you don't need to water the sprouts! The weakened mother plant must be supported: cover the soil in the container with a layer of moss. This will help the orchid to re-release leaves and shoots.
Reproduction of orchids
Orchid propagation by cuttings
Cutting in home environment- a less common way. With its help, monopodial orchids are often propagated. But the method has a significant plus - during the season you can get a lot more new plants. Prepare a sterile and sharp instrument and proceed:
- the best time is the period of active growth of the orchid after the end of flowering;
- choose a healthy stem with well-developed air roots;
- separate from it about 20 cm;
- rub the slices with activated charcoal;
- deepen the cutting into a new pot, cut down.
The soil in the new pot should be the same as that of the mother bush. After some time, new shoots will form on its used stem. Everything except the top must be cut off so as not to deplete the orchid. Transplant the cut sprouts into individual pots - they will also make plants.
Cutting a flower of the genus Phalaenopsis is somewhat different from propagation in this way of other monopodial varieties:
- choose 3-4 large pseudobulbs from 2 years old;
- cut into pieces so that each has a knot with a kidney;
- sprinkle the slices with activated charcoal and leave to dry;
- deepen the cuttings into a watered warm water peat moss.
Maintain soil moisture and temperature. For example, putting on a container with a handle transparent plastic bag... Once a day for 10-15 minutes. remove the cover for ventilation. Such a regime for a transplanted orchid is needed for two months.
How the orchid works
The reed orchid is also propagated by cuttings:
- Choose a sturdy, fleshy stem without leaves.
- Cut into several pieces at the rate of 1-2 leaf nodes for each segment.
- Treat the cut with sulfur.
- Dip the cuttings into containers. You can have several pieces in one. Allowed vertical arrangement, with a half recess, as well as horizontal placement in a special cassette.
Advice. In order for the cuttings to take root well in a new place, make sure that the soil is always slightly moist. Do this until they have 2-3 leaf nodes. After the long roots have grown, plant the sprouts in separate pots.
How to propagate an orchid using stem suckers and the seed method
Stem offspring are productive breeding material if you are dealing with Phalaenopsis or Dendrobium orchids. Offspring are baby plants that appear on the stem of an adult specimen, but not always, but under the following conditions:
- high air temperature;
- fertilization with an abundance of nitrogen.
Once you find the scion, start spraying it liberally at an intensity once a day. This will give the offspring additional strength for development. It will become ready for separation from the mother bush after it has formed air roots. To do this, carefully cut off the process with a clean and disinfected knife, sprinkle the slices with charcoal.
But seed propagation in the case of any kind of orchid - an unsuitable method for the home. It is usually used by breeders. Growing an orchid from a seed is quite time consuming and laborious. Work must be performed in a sterile environment. First, prepare the soil: mix chopped moss with a little leafy soil. Moisten the resulting soil.
Reproduction of an orchid using stem offspring
Deepen the seeds in rows. You do not need to sprinkle them with soil. Make sure that the temperature of the soil and air is within + 22 ... 25 ° С. The soil in the seed container must always remain warm and moist (by spraying). Spray water requires filtered or softened water.
Orchid is amazing plant... Every florist who has this flower in his collection thinks about its reproduction. In this publication, we will talk about how to reproduce orchids by cuttings at home.
Often breeding exotic beauties at home they produce by dividing the peduncle. In principle, it is easy to do. The basis of the method is the cultivation of new indoor flowers from segments of a faded peduncle. Take an orchid that faded a couple of months ago. The faded arrow, cut very close to the base, is cut into small tubes. A prerequisite is the processing of slices. Next, they take a knife with a sharp blade and cut them into pieces so that each has at least one dormant kidney. According to experts, it will be easier to grow a flower if the bud is located as low as possible.
Planting and growing
When propagating orchids by cuttings, it is important to plant correctly.
The prepared soil is sprayed with a biostimulator, cuttings are placed on top in a horizontal manner. Now you should build a mini greenhouse. To do this, carefully cover the pot with the handle in it with foil or glass. Further provide the necessary conditions: temperature not less than +25 ° C and humidity within 70%. There you can also put a stump, that is, all that is left of the mother's "body". Now all that remains is to wait.
Thus, the baby is grown, and when it is formed root system, it is deposited in a separate flowerpot.
Don't be upset about the fate of the mother plant. After some time, young shoots will appear on it, which will develop from the axillary buds. Over time, they can also be transplanted. If the flower does not form young shoots for a long time after the propagation procedure by cuttings, then the transplanted part is treated with growth stimulants.
To care for the plant, a mini-greenhouse is needed only at the very beginning, and then, when the pot is transplanted, the conditions of care are the same as for the rest of the orchids.
There is another option, according to which the peduncle is cut off and placed in warm, settled or boiled water. Activated carbon, potassium permanganate crystals, succinic acid or biostimulant are added to the liquid. The container is covered with foil and placed in a well-lit place in direct sunlight.
Spraying with a biostimulant is carried out every day. For example, you can take "Epin", "Zircon". The concentration should be taken half as much as indicated in the instructions. Change the water after four days.
Preparations, warmth, good humidity - all this creates conditions in which growth buds wake up, forming babies on the stem. They are cut from the cutting by the above method and rooted.
It seemed to us an overseas curiosity that can never be seen beyond the tropics.
It took quite a bit of time and most varieties this plant filled the windowsills of apartments and offices.
Growing orchids is easy, but some the rules will have to be followed... With at home, things are a little more complicated, especially difficult to do with, but possible.
This variety in our region can be propagated only by cuttings, from which children are formed. Sowing seeds will not bring the desired result, and the duration of the process can drag on for several years.
Reproduction of the phalaenopsis orchid
Cuttings
Phalaenopsis propagation by cuttings is considered by many growers to be the most optimal for phalaenopsis.
This is how you can get several adult bushes ready to bloom from one variety you like in a relatively short period of time.
Exists several ways, how to propagate phalaenopsis by cuttings, which will differ:
- The length of the cut shoots;
- The number of sleeping buds on it.
An important point in this process will be correct cut.
This can be done in two ways:
- The stalk is cut off after the peduncle has completely bloomed. The length should be about 4cm;
- You can cut it off and longer, then you can get more children from one. This method provides for an almost complete cut of the peduncle arrow, cut into two or three parts. Each must be at least 10 cm long.
Important! Remember, the strongest buds to germinate will be those closest to the leaves.
So that the plant and cuttings do not get sick and do not start to rot, must be processed.
To do this, use:
- Charcoal;
- Activated carbon;
- Cinnamon powder.
All of these remedies are equally good for carrying out disinfection of fresh sections on phalaenopsis.
Disinfection of the cut with activated carbon.
They treat them like this:
- The cut part is dipped in all slices into the product and allowed to dry slightly;
- The same is done with a cut off place in an adult plant.
Advice! Before starting treatment, activated and charcoal must be crushed into flour.
Conditions
Propagating the phalaenopsis orchid by cuttings is not easy. In order for the kids to develop well and be able to put roots as quickly as possible, it is necessary to create certain conditions:
- On each of them need to check for a dormant kidney, from which a new plant will subsequently develop. Usually it is tightly closed by an integumentary scale, which protects it from external influences. After cutting and processing, it is necessary to carefully remove it too, so the baby will hatch much earlier;
- The second step is room in mini-greenhouses, usually they are made from plastic bottles or transparent containers. Cover the top with a bag or just put glass;
Advice! A good option to create a greenhouse effect, a regular zip bag will become.
- Optimal temperature regime is + 25 ° С in the daytime and not lower than 18 ° С at night. If you lower the temperature, the kidney may not wake up at all.
It will also be important humidity inside the greenhouse, 70% how impossible better fit for quick sprouting of buds from the cuttings.
Germination in a mini greenhouse
In the greenhouse wake up sleeping kidney and the easiest way to activate it. The conditions created there remind the cut material of its natural conditions and stimulate the growth and development of children with which the plant can be propagated.
Germination in a mini greenhouse.
In order to start this process, it is enough:
- Place the treated cuttings in the prepared substrate;
- Ventilate the greenhouse regularly;
- Spray the substrate daily to maintain moisture;
- Provide 14 hours daily greenhouse lighting;
- Maintain a temperature of 25 ° -27 ° C.
After 2-3 weeks proper from the buds, the first shoots will appear, from which the phalaenopsis babies will develop.
Using sphagnum
For reproduction instead of substrate you can use moistened sphagnum moss, which will be an excellent helper for germination. He is great will repeat natural conditions the growth of this type of orchid will help the buds to wake up faster and give strong shoots.
In water
There is another way to get the phalaenopsis orchid stalk to sprout:
- Processed piece of peduncle with one dormant bud placed in a flask with water,
- Cover on top to create a greenhouse effect,
- As the evaporation proceeds, water is added, and the flask is ventilated daily.
Advice! To speed up the process, special nutrients for orchids.
With the help of hormonal paste
You can help a sleeping kidney in the development and speedy awakening hormonal paste... Processing with such a tool will significantly speed up the process of awakening and active development of phalaenopsis cuttings.
Helping the kidney with hormonal paste.
Advice! You don't have to buy pasta from a specialty store, you can make it in. To do this, you need 10 g of kinetin mixed with 1 ml of water and 1 g of lanolin.
Useful video
Watch a video about the propagation of phalaenopsis by cuttings:
And here it is shown how to grow a baby on a cut peduncle:
And here is the result of the reproduction of phalaenopsis by a cuttings from a peduncle:
Watch the video on how to make a greenhouse for an orchid without a substrate:
Conclusion
Reproduction by cuttings of the phalaenopsis orchid is recognized among flower growers quite effective... Phalaenopsis can also be propagated if, after flowering, the baby itself appears on the peduncle.