Wisteria (Wisteria) - subtropical deciduous flowering liana from the legume family. In the USA, China, Korea, Japan, 10 varieties of the plant grow. The most famous natural species:
- Chinese;
- profusely flowering.
Large-leaved wisteria is gaining popularity, namely its frost-resistant variety Blue Moon, capable of carrying up to -40 ° C.
They grow it from cuttings air layouts, by grafting on the root. Liana is not grown by seeds. Although the plant germinates from seed, varietal properties are not transferred with this method of cultivation.
Growing a wisteria seedling
Wisteria grows well in the south outdoors. In climates with harsh winters, the frost-resistant Blue Moon variety is grown in the garden.
First method of landing
Growing up a seedling takes place in two stages.
- Growing in a deep flower pot - the plant needs support, as it grows, it is tied up, fed with phosphorus and potash fertilizers, well watered. By autumn, the liana reaches an average of 2 m in length; 2-3 main trunks should be formed in it. Excess shoots are removed as soon as the seedling grows. For the winter, the pot with the plant is brought into the cellar (+ 4оС).
- In the spring, the seedling is planted in a sunny, draft-protected place.
The second method of growing from a seedling
- The seedling is immediately planted in a prepared place, a support is installed, to which the vine is tied up as it grows.
- In autumn, wisteria is laid on boards to prevent getting wet, covered with a covering cloth.
Growing by layering and cuttings
The shoot is cut and pinned to the soil, watered. After the roots appear, the cutting is transplanted. Liana easily propagates by cuttings; for this, a one-year-old shoot is cut into 20 cm long pieces. Root in a wet substrate, when leaves appear, they are planted in the ground.
Wisteria care
The liana needs to be fed, watered, the soil must not be allowed to dry out. To achieve lush bloom, be sure to prune three times during the growing season:
- in early spring- the shoots are shortened by 2 buds;
- at the end of May - last year's branches are cut by 30 cm;
- in August - young shoots are cut into 4-5 buds.
The plant needs shelter for the winter, although there is a successful experience of growing wisteria in Belarus without covering even in frosty winters. In Siberia and the Urals, wisteria is grown in summer in containers. In the fall, the vine is brought into the cellar; in the spring, the plant is transplanted into a large container.
Wisteria (wisteria) is the dream of all gardeners, it ranks first in beauty among perennial weaving plants. The flowering of such a vine resembles a bright colorful waterfall of bunches of flowers, emitting a sweetish pleasant smell. Growing wisteria is actively used by flower growers in decorative purposes... She decorates the walls of houses and gazebos, a terrace, a fence, an arch.
Features of growing wisteria of different varieties
Before buying a vine seedling and planting it in your garden, you should find out which species are suitable for our climatic conditions and what are the features of their cultivation. Wisteria as a genus includes 9 species, but only three are suitable for our area: Chinese, frost-resistant, profusely flowering. When breeding such vines, it is necessary to ensure following conditions:
- Bright sun. Abundant flowering of wisteria can only be obtained in a sunny area.
- A solid foundation. Liana is a climbing plant, and it needs a good, strong support on which it will grow.
- Stable watering. From spring to summer, the land on which the wisteria grows must be kept moist. The main thing is not to overdo it, the plant does not tolerate excess moisture.
- Top dressing with fertilizers. Like other plants, wisterias need fertilization, especially during the budding period.
- Careful hiding place on winter period... Despite the fact that such a vine is a frost-resistant plant, it is recommended to wrap its twigs with leaves, paper, roofing felt or special covering material for the winter.
- Pruning. For dense flowering, wisteria is pruned 2 times a year (at the end of flowering, after leaf fall).
If climatic conditions your region is not allowed to grow a vine outdoors in the open field, try planting it in a flowerpot, like a standard tree. In autumn and winter, it will decorate the hallway or hall of your home, and in spring and summer it will embellish the terrace or entrance to the house. To form the crown of wisteria, you will need to prune young side shoots several times in spring.
Chinese (Wisteriachinensis)
The birthplace of tree-like wisteria is China. The plant is characterized by a dense foliage, the length of the shoots reaches 15-20 m in height. The leaf of Chinese wisteria is large (20-30 cm long), has a complex odd-pinnate shape and consists of 7-13 small leaves. The liana blooms with light purple (in rare cases, white) flowers, which are collected in a 40 cm brush and all bloom at the same time. Flowering begins with the appearance of foliage and lasts until the end of summer. This is often repeated in early September.
Wisteria is a thermophilic and light-loving plant, but it develops well in the shade. It is not particularly demanding for the soil, but it is preferable to plant the plant on fertile, moist soil. This vine is well adapted to urban conditions, withstands a short-term drop in temperature to -20C. Wisteria grows quickly, lifting stems up the support from right to left. With systematic pruning, the plant is suitable for growing in pots and tubs.
Frost resistant (Blue Moon)
This plant comes from North America... Wisteria Blue Moon is fast-growing, its maximum length is 8 m. The bush has unpaired leaves (consists of 7-9 leaves) of glossy dark green color. The inflorescence is abundant and dense, reaches a length of 25-30 cm, consists of bluish or blue-purple flowers. Frost-resistant wisteria blooms in early June and blooms for 2-3 weeks.
The main feature of this vine is its good tolerance to extreme cold temperatures down to -40C. It is advisable to plant a plant in a sunny area or on the south side of the building. Wisteria grows on any type of soil, but in order to achieve maximum flowering results, it is recommended to grow it on black soil or loam. It is not recommended to plant a bush in swampy, calcareous places. This view wisteria is not picky about watering and tolerates drought well. Only young plants need to be systematically watered.
Abundantly flowering or multi-flowered (Wisteria floribunda)
This wisteria was originally developed in Japan. The height of the vine reaches 8-10 meters, has very large leaves (40 cm) with 15-19 small leaves. The size of the clusters of inflorescences reaches 50-70 cm. Wisteria blooms after the leaves bloom, in the second half of May, sometimes again at the end of summer. Flowers bloom gradually, starting from the base of the brush, ending with the bottom.
Multi-flowered wisteria withstands frosts well down to -25C. For lianas, sunny areas with light, moderately moist, loose soil, without stagnant water, rich nutrients... Multiflorous wisteria twines around the support with stems only clockwise. The color range of flowers is varied: white, pale pink, pale purple, reddish.
Wisteria planting rules
You need to plant 1-2 year old wisteria seedlings. When planting a plant, it is necessary to follow simple rules on which the further growth of the plant and its flowering depend. Wisteria should be provided with a brightly lit place with light fertile soil, strong supports along which it will trudge in the future, a reliable shelter in winter time of the year.
Location
Sunlight is very important for wisteria, it needs to be in the sun for at least 6 hours a day. But there should be no drafts optimal choice there will be a south, southeast, southwest side of the building. For wisteria shoots, prepare and install a durable, strong wind-resistant support in advance. When choosing a planting site, take into account the toxicity of the plant, therefore it is not recommended to plant wisteria near water sources.
Soil preparation
For abundant flowering wisteria needs light, fertile, well-permeable soil. With an acidic reaction of the earth, it is necessary to lime it a little. Just do not overdo it, from a large amount of lime, the vine loses its attractiveness, its leaves become light. Clay soil must be drained before planting wisteria organic fertilizers... For a seedling, plants dig a deep hole, fill it with humus, river sand, leaf and clay-sod soil, mixed in equal parts.
The best time to disembark
Planting time of wisteria depends on its breeding method:
- Cuttings. Spring is suitable for good rooting. To do this, choose one-year escape, an oblique incision is made in the middle of its length. The stalk is planted in this place in soil fertilized with a nutritious substrate. At the end of summer, cuttings with roots are transplanted as intended.
- Seeds. In December, wisteria beans are sown in a greenhouse in drained soil fertilized with a mixture of leafy, turfy soil and sand (ratio 4: 1: 1). To maintain moisture, the sowing is covered with glass or plastic wrap, and removed to a dark place. After 4 weeks, seedlings appear, they are taken out into the light. When the sprouts grow to a small bush, they are planted in an outdoor greenhouse.
Wisteria care
Taking care of such a gorgeous vine is not so difficult. It will bloom densely only in well-lit areas, protected from gusts of wind. It is important to tie up wisteria shoots constantly so that they can grow and their tips do not dry out. Liana needs to be pruned regularly after flowering so that it blooms more intensively in the next season. If you follow these rules of care, your plant will actively grow and bloom profusely.
WITH early spring and until the end of summer, the soil of the wisteria should be slightly moist, then the leaves will have a bright saturated green tint... It is also impossible to overflow, the plant does not like too wet soil. In dry periods, the vine is watered more abundantly so that the buds do not crumble due to a lack of moisture. In the second half of December, watering is stopped, the plant needs to prepare for wintering. 
Fertilizer
Wisteria lianas grow to large sizes so that flowers and leaves have a beautiful decorative view, liquid fertilizing is required:
- Mineral fertilizer. 1 m2 of territory will need 10 liters of water and 20 g of fertilizers.
- Compost.
- Tinctures of rotted manure (1:20).
- Chalk solution (100 g for 1 bucket of water).
Diseases and pests
Wisteria is resistant to disease, and because of its poisonous properties, it is extremely rarely attacked by pests. It can be:
- Caterpillars that make holes in the leaves. They are neutralized by spraying biological product.
- Green aphid... It affects leaves and flowers, is destroyed by insecticides.
- Clover mite. It is determined by the unnatural bronze color of the leaves, in which case the vine is treated with acaricides.
How and when to prune a plant
The density of wisteria flowering and the longevity of the plant depend on correctly performed and timely pruning. Timing of work plays an important role here. Vines are pruned 2 times a year according to the scheme presented below. Immediately upon landing:
- We cut off the main shoot of the plant with a pruning shears to a strong bud (approximately at a height of 75-90 cm).
- We remove all lateral shoots of the vine to stimulate the growth of the main stem.
1 year, summer:
- We knit the upper shoot of wisteria vertically, and several others at an angle of 45 degrees.
2 year, winter:
- At a height of 75-80 cm, we shorten the main stem.
- Form several more horizontal shoots and shorten one third of their length.
2 years and until the end of formation, summer:
- Tie the main stem of the vine to the support.
- Pick up a couple more side shoots and tie them at a 45-degree angle.
- If excess growth will form at the base of the wisteria. Delete it.
- Tie a new main stem of each lateral branch on the liana and shorten all branches of the 2nd order to 20 cm so that they have 3-4 buds on them.
3 years and beyond:
- We do the same, creating a vertical growth of wisteria and the formation of side shoots.
Although, as a rule, the brightest and most unique flowering plants grow in tropical climates. But the most diligent gardeners still take risks and grow beautiful wisterias, which, during flowering, lower thousands of multi-colored bunches of flowers to the ground. They are bright and fragrant flowering plants that can make any area chic. Of course, this plant is rarely found in Central Europe and Asia, but recently many varieties have appeared that perfectly tolerate our frosts. In order to see all the beauty of this plant with your own eyes, it is worth putting a little effort in growing and caring for it.
In this article, we will take a closer look at the features and description of wisteria, learn about the most common species and varieties of this plant. And also note important nuances cultivation agrotechnics.
Features and description of wisteria
Wisteria also has a second name - wisteria, which this plant received in honor of Caspar Wistar, professor of anatomy at the University of Pennsylvania. Wisteria is a deciduous climbing tree, flowering plant belonging to the legume family. This bright representative amazes everyone with its appearance, especially during the flowering period, when a large number of long inflorescences hang to the ground, like bright bunches. The natural habitat of wisteria is considered to be the territory of China, namely the province of Hubei. As an ornamental plant, wisteria is distributed over vast territories of tropical and subtropical climates: this is the Crimea, the entire south of Russia, the Black Sea region, and the southern territories of the United States.
There is a very beautiful Chinese legend about the origin of wisteria. A long time ago, a beautiful girl named Gui lived in one village. She was so beautiful that no one could take their eyes off her. Her hair was also beautiful, which shimmered with lilac-violet shades during the day, and became bluish in the evening. Once the girl was kidnapped by a dragon, which after this atrocity turned into a tree entwining other plants. And when the dragon raised its head, trying to release the flame, only flowers appeared, resembling the hair of a beautiful girl.
Description:
- Wisteria, translated from Greek, means "sweet", which is associated with the wonderful aroma of its flowers.
- There was a lot of controversy as to whether it was a flower or a liana. However, as a result, the general concept was formed that wisteria is a tree-like climbing and flowering plant.
- By appearance it is a woody liana with drooping branches.
- An adult wisteria liana in height can reach 15-18 m, and in diameter the crown sometimes grows up to 8 m in diameter.
- Differs in not very fast growth - during the season it can grow by only 20 cm.
- The leaves of wisteria are large, odd-pinnate, which consist of 7-13 small leaves. Young leaves are slightly pubescent, later glabrous.
- Wisteria blooms with pink, lavender, purple, blue and white flowers, which are collected in loose inflorescences up to 30 cm in length.
- Flowering of this amazing liana begins in spring in late March or early April and lasts almost until the end of summer.
- Wisteria flowers have a delicious aroma.
- Wisteria is the queen among garden vines and is widely used to decorate the site and buildings.
- In total, there are 9 species of this plant in nature, of which only a few have become widespread in the territory of a temperate climate.
Variety of species and varieties of wisteria
Beautiful wisteria has 9 varieties, but not all of them are widespread in our territory in a temperate climate. Let's give brief description the main types and varieties of wisteria.
Chinese wisteria
- This wisteria comes from China, where it grows in large quantities in nature.
- Chinese wisteria can reach 18-20 m in height.
- This is a tall liana with big amount foliage.
- The leaves are large, up to 30 cm long, pinnate. Most often they consist of 7-10 small leaves.
- The flowers of this wisteria are white or lilac, most often gathered in loose, hanging clusters up to 30 cm in length.
- The vine grows very quickly. Main feature is twisting the barrel counterclockwise.
- It can withstand not prolonged frosts up to minus 20 degrees.
- Looks great in landscaping the site, and it can also be used for growing in tubs.
Today, several varieties of Chinese wisteria are known:
- Chinese wisteria "Alba". Liana with snow-white flowers, less often with a slight purple tint. It features very long inflorescences that can hang down to 40 cm.
- Chinese wisteria "Plena". This is wisteria with beautiful double flowers.
- Wisteria "Sierra Madre". This form of Chinese wisteria blooms with lavender-purple flowers.
Wisteria abundantly flowering or multi-flowered
- Sometimes you can find the name lush wisteria.
- Unlike the Chinese wisteria, this vine is smaller in stature. It reaches a height of only 10 m.
- The foliage is large, up to 40 cm in length. Consists of a large number of small leaves, on average 17-19 pcs.
- Judging by the name, it is clear that this type of wisteria has more flowers, they are collected in large inflorescences up to 50 cm in length.
- The flowers themselves are slightly smaller than those of the Chinese.
- Wisteria blooms profusely with bright violet-blue flowers. Moreover, the flowers bloom gradually.
- Flowering begins in mid-spring.
- Another difference from Chinese wisteria is clockwise twisting of the trunk.
- More frost-resistant, can withstand up to minus 23 degrees.
There are several forms of abundantly flowering wisteria:
- Wisteria "Alba". A plant with white flowers, less often with a slight purple tint. Inflorescences are large, up to 60 cm in length.
- Wisteria "Rosea". Flowers of this type of wisteria are distinguished by pale pink flowers with purple wings. Inflorescences can be up to 45 cm in length.
- Wisteria "Multiyuga". It blooms with beautiful lilac-blue flowers, which are collected in long inflorescences up to 90-100 cm in length.
- Royal Pearl. It blooms with purple-purple flowers, collected in inflorescences up to 50 cm in length.
Beautiful wisteria
- This plant is native to Japan.
- Wisteria is short, can grow up to 10 m.
- The leaves of this vine are also small, only 10 cm. They are slightly pubescent on both sides.
- Flowers reach 2-2.5 cm in diameter, which are collected in racemose inflorescences 20 s in length.
- It blooms mainly with white flowers, there are also forms with double and purple flowers.
Varieties of beautiful wisteria:
- Wisteria "White Silk". It blooms with snow-white flowers, collected in rather long inflorescences.
Shrub wisteria
- This type of wisteria grows in height by 12 m.
- It is a climbing plant with drooping branches.
- Differs in very small leaves and flowers of a purple or blue hue.
- Mostly found on the territory of the Crimea or Chisinau.
- Feels great when grown in tubs.
Japanese wisteria
This type of wisteria is not as popular and widespread as others. This is due to the intolerance of frost, the plant usually freezes out to the very snow cover. It is a climbing liana with white flowers. It grows naturally in Japan.
Large wisteria
This species came from the territory of North America. Sometimes wisteria large-bristled is characterized by freezing. Differs in beautiful snow-white flowers, which are collected in cone-shaped inflorescences, reaching 1 m in length.
On the basis of this species, breeders have bred a cold-resistant wisteria variety - Blue Moon wisteria. This type of plant can withstand frosts down to minus 40 without shelter.
Wisteria propagation methods
This beautiful plant can be bred independently in many ways. Both vegetative and generative methods are suitable for reproduction.
Seed propagation of wisteria
This is the most unpopular breeding method and can produce wisteria that won't bloom. Flowering is possible, however, many years later. Also, when growing wisteria from seed, your plant may not inherit most of the ornamental maternal traits.
- Wisteria seeds should be sown in the greenhouse in November or December. If you decide to plant immediately in the ground, then you need to do this in early spring.
- First, you need to prepare a nutritious soil, which should consist of leaf humus, turf, garden soil and sand.
- Seeds must be sown over the surface and sprinkled with a small layer of sand.
- Moisten the crops and cover with glass or foil.
- For normal germination of wisteria seeds, it is necessary to create conditions of darkness.
- Sowing care consists in constant airing and moistening of the soil.
- The temperature should be between 20-25 degrees Celsius.
- The first shoots appear for 3-4 weeks.
- After that, containers with seedlings must be taken out into light partial shade, where they grow until several strong leaves appear.
- Then the seedlings need to be dived into separate pots. At the same time, make sure that the root system is not damaged. It is best to dive with a lump of earth.
- In the spring, a mature bush can be transplanted to a chosen place or for growing in an outdoor greenhouse.
Propagation of wisteria by cuttings
- Cuttings must be harvested in late autumn.
- To do this, on wisteria, you need to find strong and healthy shoots of this year and cut cuttings of 20-25 cm from them.
- After that, all the prepared cuttings must be folded together and tied.
- The resulting bundle is placed in a container with a moist substrate. Place the container in a cool and dark place.
- Cuttings are prepared for planting in early spring, when the container with the planting material is taken out of storage.
- In the spring, you can plant cuttings for growing in a greenhouse, or you can plant them directly in open ground under plastic bottles.
- Reproduction is also possible winter cuttings, which are procured in advance.
- It is best to apply this method in February.
- To do this, the shoots need to be split into two halves lengthwise, and then cut into short cuttings, about 5-8 cm.
- Watch out when cutting cuttings. so that each has one soil in the center.
- Such cuttings must be planted in prepared containers and placed in a greenhouse, where the cuttings are kept until they are completely rooted.
Reproduction by layering
- Wisteria is propagated by layering in the fall.
- To do this, on the mother bush, you need to choose a strong and healthy lower shoot.
- Next, make a longitudinal oblique cut on it, which will be fixed in the ground.
- The incision should be well sprinkled with nutritious soil, leaving only the top on the surface.
- In the spring or fall you need to check root system... If it is strong enough, then the layers can be disconnected from the mother bush and planted in a permanent place.
Preparation before planting wisteria
To obtain a beautiful and healthy wisteria plant, it is important to carefully prepare before the planting process itself. You need to choose a quality planting material, preferably grown wisteria seedlings. It is also important to choose the most suitable place for this capricious plant on your site.
Selection of wisteria seedlings
To facilitate the process of planting wisteria, it is best to purchase already strengthened seedlings. Usually they can be purchased in special agricultural firms or nurseries, where they are professionally engaged in growing different types plants. It is preferable to buy wisteria with a closed root system, so the vine will take root better and will be less susceptible to damage. Before buying, be sure to carefully inspect the seedling. It should be free of damage and signs of diseases and pests.
You should not purchase wisteria seedlings in spontaneous markets and from strangers... In this case, you can get into unpleasant situation when your hands are not quite what you expected. It is also best to buy more frost-resistant varieties of this plant, so that later you can admire the beauty of its flowering.
Choosing a landing site
Wisteria is exotic plant, therefore, she is rather capricious about the growth conditions, including the place of growth.
- For the full growth of wisteria, it is necessary to choose a sunny and open area where the sun will be at least half a day.
- The place must also be protected from drafts.
- Before planting, you need to think about a fairly spacious area, since wisteria grows very quickly.
- When choosing a place, also take into account the composition you are interested in. After all, wisteria can be used to decorate the walls of a house, gazebos and terraces.
Selection and preparation of soil for planting wisteria
This vine prefers to grow on nutritious and loose soils. It is also important that the soil is slightly alkaline with a minimum amount of lime. Although wisteria can grow on other soils, only its growth will be less active. It is important that the soil in the place you choose is well-drained, as wisteria cannot tolerate prolonged stagnation of water at the roots.
Wisteria planting technology
- It is best to plant wisteria in open ground in spring, when the threat of the last frost has passed.
- The chosen landing site must be well dug up, about one shovel bayonet.
- During this process, compost can be added to the soil.
- Next, you need to dig planting holes for each seedling, if you purchased several of them. The main thing to remember is that one plant needs a lot of space.
- The size of one planting pit should be 60 cm wide and 50 cm deep.
- Before planting, carefully remove the seedling from the container. You can first moisten the soil in it so as not to damage the root system.
- A drainage layer should be placed in each hole to prevent water stagnation at the roots of the wisteria. Small stones or expanded clay can be used as drainage.
- Pour a little at the bottom of each pit mineral fertilizers.
- Next, carefully place the seedling in the hole and sprinkle it with soil, lightly tamping it with your hands.
- After planting, water the plant abundantly.
- Take care of the supports in advance, as the vine grows very quickly and its branches need to be supported with something.
Agrotechnics for growing wisteria: nuances and secrets of care
Caring for wisteria is a rather laborious process, since it is a very capricious plant, which is native to the subtropics. It is important to maintain a moist soil condition, as well as to carry out periodic top dressing and loosening of the soil.
Watering wisteria
Wisteria needs moderate, regular watering. To make it easier for you to navigate and exclude cases of flooding the plant with water, look at the soil around the vine - it should be slightly moist at all times. But not wet. In a particularly hot season, watering should be increased, since buds may begin to crumble from the plant due to lack of moisture. It is best to use the spray method for watering. Watering should be stopped in mid-September.
Loosening and weeding
Periodically throughout the season, the soil around the plant needs to be loosened, as wisteria prefers to grow on loose and light soils. This process is best done after watering. At the same time, you need to remove all weeds that can interfere with the growth of the vine. Soil in trunk circle can be mulched to reduce loosening and moisture evaporation. Dry peat or sawdust can be used as mulch.
Pruning
To stimulate the appearance of new butuns, old wilted ones must be cut off. Also, the vine needs periodic pruning to form the crown. This process must be carried out in the summer, during its course, 20 cm of their length must be cut off the lateral shoots. If you are growing wisteria as a standard crop, you will need to remove all but one of the stems. When growing climbing plant, you need to cut off all the side shoots that give only greens. However, it is not worth pruning the plant too often, because you may not at all see the flowering of this beautiful plant.
Wisteria support
During landing, it is imperative to take care of the support that will serve long time... The support must be strong and firmly support the branches of the plant. Overgrown shoots of wisteria on a support must be tied up in order to facilitate the removal of branches for shelter in the fall.
Feeding wisteria
To get chic Blooming tree, you need to feed it regularly. The plant needs a weekly fertilization. You can alternate the application of liquid mineral fertilizers and organically. As an organic matter, you can use mullein infusion diluted with water in a ratio of 1 to 20. Do not add during active budding nitrogen fertilizers, otherwise the plant will let foliage well, but not flowers.
Disease and pest control
Wisteria is quite resistant to the appearance of various diseases and pests, but sometimes the plant still needs treatment.
Diseases of wisteria:
- Chlorosis. This disease appears in a plant when there is a large amount of alkali in the soil. Signs of chlorosis are yellowing of the foliage. To combat this disease, you need to use iron salts.
Pests:
- Aphid. The most common pest that can be eliminated with special insecticides.
- Mite. To combat this pest, acaricidal preparations can be used.
Shelter wisteria for the winter
Most species of wisteria do not tolerate frost and cold very well, therefore they need shelter. In the fall, after the foliage has fallen, it is necessary to remove all branches from the supports and lay them on the soil around the trunk. Previously, the soil must be hilled in the near-trunk circle. Further, all shoots should be covered with spruce branches and non-woven covering material.
The use of wisteria in landscape design
Wisteria is a highly decorative plant whose beauty is appreciated by landscape designers. Unfortunately, it is quite difficult to grow a large and flowering tree in our territory, but with little effort it is possible to achieve a positive result.
In landscape design, wisteria is used in various ways:
- As a liana for entwining gazebos, walls of houses, and terraces.
- As a beautiful standard plant that can be grown in large pots.
- Wisteria is excellent for growing as indoor plant, for example, to create bonsai.
Photo of wisteria in landscape design
You can more clearly see all the beauty of wisteria and how to use it to decorate the site in the proposed photos.
Wisteria decoration of the walls of the house
Making flower arches
Growing wisteria in tubs
Vines are the most desirable and beautiful elements. landscape design that are able to turn an ordinary site into a work of art. And wisteria is rightfully considered the queen of lianas, the beauty of which is striking at first sight.
Wisteria, or wisteria, is called a flower of stunning beauty, this plant belongs to the legume family. It is very thermophilic; nevertheless, it is possible to grow a decorative liana in a temperate climate. The main thing is to carefully look after the culture and devote some time to it.
This plant grows slowly, however, its lifespan is more than 10 years. The stems are tree-like, the brown bark looks attractive against the background of tender young shoots. Leaves saturated Green colour reach a length of about 30 cm, and the flowers are collected from the inflorescence. They exude a subtle scent attracting gardeners and lovers of decorative vines. Before acquiring wisteria (Wisteria seeds), you should learn more about its varieties.
Wisteria abundantly flowering
Connoisseurs of such a vine ornamental plants called floribunda, and it reaches a height of 10 meters if growing conditions are favorable. The leaves are large and complex, the purple-blue flowers bloom gradually and look very beautiful.
In the gardens meet decorative forms Floribundas include white, pink and purple double flowers. Such wisteria tolerates frost well. In Japan, there are alleys consisting of these amazing vines, and in Russia, the plant thrives in the Crimea and the Caucasus.
Wisteria abundantly flowering
Chinese wisteria
The plant grows wild in China. It has dense and large foliage of complex shape, and the shoots of vines often cover walls and other structures. This species blooms in May, June and July., covered with purple inflorescences, white specimens are less common. The aroma of flowers spreads throughout the garden, you can see them a few years after planting Chinese wisteria. Its most popular variety is "Blue Sapphire" characterized by blue inflorescences.
Chinese wisteria
Shrub wisteria
V favorable conditions this species reaches a height of over 12 meters, and is a climbing plant with hanging branches. Small leaves and blue flowers attract the attention of gardeners from the southern regions, and the liana also feels good in a tub. You can meet the described species in Moldova, Romania and others warm countries , less often it is grown in the Crimea.
Shrub wisteria
Gallery: wisteria (25 photos)
Japanese wisteria
A spectacular liana with white flowers is thermophilic, it does not tolerate cold weather and can be damaged in winter even on the Black Sea coast. Such a plant grows no higher than 8 meters, and its large leaves and bright flowers snow-white, pinkish or pale lilac shades attract attention. The species is distributed exclusively in warm countries, but even there it hardly survives frosts.
Japanese wisteria
Beautiful wisteria
This species requires careful maintenance and needs timely pruning, and its leaves and stems are covered with the smallest light fibers. The velvety liana will woody with age, therefore, it is important to choose a reliable support for it when growing on a terrace or balcony.
In May and June, airy and light inflorescences of a pale pink hue can be observed, reaching a length of more than 40 cm. Their sweet, musky aroma is one of the distinguishing features of the species.
Beautiful wisteria
Large wisteria
This species was first caught in North America, its cone-shaped snow-white inflorescences can reach a length of about 1 meter. This wisteria served as the basis for breeding a special variety "Blue Moon", characterized by resistance to cold and unfavorable factors environment... Nevertheless, large wisteria is often grown in warm countries and southern regions of Russia.
Large wisteria
Rules and dates for planting wisteria
Plant seedlings of plants older than 1 year should be planted in the ground. Wisteria must be provided with a well-lit place with loose and fertile soil, as well as strong supports and a reliable winter shelter. It is important to know that sunlight is necessary for the vine and for at least 6 hours a day it should be under ultraviolet rays. And here drafts will negatively affect the health of wisteria, the best choice for her would be the southern or southeastern side of the site.
If the soil in your area is too acidic, produce it, however, do not add too much of this component. Clay soil supplement with organic matter, then dig a deep hole with the addition of humus, river sand, leafy ground. Spring is the ideal time to root a seedling. in the southern region, a young plant has a great chance to take root in a new place.
How to grow wisteria (video)
Caring for enchanting wisteria
Taking care of the plant is not difficult. Liana needs to be watered, fed and protected from negative environmental influences on time.
In the open field
Wisteria is a moisture-loving vine, therefore, from the first days of flowering, it is necessary to spray it with warm water from a spray bottle. Frequency water treatments determined based on the air temperature in summer, and with the onset of a cold snap they are stopped.
It is important to know that wisterias do not tolerate excess moisture, but they love regular watering. Excessive moisture often causes foliage and buds to fall off, a lack of liquid often causes wilting of greenery. After the formation of flowers, irrigation is done moderate, and in the fall they are completely reduced to a minimum.
Liana grows quickly, which means that it needs to be well fed - over the summer, the shoots grow by 1 meter. Every 3 weeks in the spring and summer, it is useful to apply the following fertilizers:
- rotted cow dung;
- compost;
- chalk solution (100 g per bucket of water).
Wisteria is a moisture-loving vine
Thanks to top dressing, the leaves and flowers will have a magnificent appearance, thereby the vine will decorate the garden throughout the summer.
On condition proper care wisteria develops intensively and blooms beautifully, expanding in width. Summer residents are advised to give the liana the desired shape by cutting and removing dry and damaged shoots. If you want to get a standard tree, select a single strong stem and remove the rest, but for vertical gardening, wisteria without long lateral processes is suitable. So the plant will direct all its forces to the formation of buds. At the end of flowering, give it the desired shape by cutting off the side shoots by 20 cm. It is best to prune the vines 2 times a year, starting after 1 year of plant life.
In the fresh air, wisteria is rarely attacked by harmful insects due to its poisonous properties. Occasionally, holes from caterpillars or aphids appear on the leaves, a single treatment of the plant with insecticides helps to solve the problem and preserve the beauty of the tree.
The colorful liana is used as a living decoration for gazebos and walls of houses.
Home care for indoor wisteria
The colorful plant is used as a decoration for winter gardens and halls, it feels good in the apartment. In the fall, bring the wisteria cut in the form of a standard tree into a cool unheated room with high humidity air and leave there until mid-January. With an increase in the length of the day, you need to gradually transfer the vine to a warm and bright room, watering moderately. And here at the end of February, feel free to move the wisteria into your living space.
In March, be sure to cut off young shoots of home wisteria and form a crown. The plant is very fond of light, so place the pot on the sunny side of the house. Exotic liana in the apartment presents high requirements to watering, it should be moderate from April to September, while the soil should not be allowed to dry out. In October, irrigation is minimized, and with the arrival of heat, it is resumed again.
During the flowering period, the vine should be fed with any liquid fertilizer for indoor flowers. Young specimens are transplanted annually, and adults as needed.
How to plant wisteria (video)
Features of growing wisteria in the Leningrad and Rostov regions
Residents of the middle zone and adjacent regions of Russia, surprised by the lush flowering of vines in the Crimea, want to plant such a plant in their dacha. Choosing a multi-flowered or Chinese wisteria, you make a mistake, since seedling in best case will give several inflorescences, and at worst it will die in winter.
A good choice for moderate summer residents climatic zone the country will become a large-leaved vine variety Blue Moon so choose the best seedlings for planting in June. Shortly before the arrival of frost, the plant is removed from the support and carefully covered with lutrasil.
Growing wisteria in Belarus and Ukraine
In these countries the climate is milder than in middle lane Russia, therefore summer residents can choose more thermophilic plant varieties. For example, chinese wisteria will bloom in June, July and August, when the weather is stable and a large number hot days, which the vine loves so much.
A seedling older than 1 year is planted on sunny place in April or May, when the air and soil are warm enough. In warm regions of Ukraine, you can plant more delicate varieties of lianas, but with the arrival of autumn it is better to cover it with warm material.
During the flowering period, the liana should be fed with any liquid fertilizer for indoor flowers.
Tree propagation methods
The liana reproduces well with semi-lignified shoots of the current year, and the formation of roots can be accelerated by treating the lower part of the cutting with a weak solution of Heteroauxin (100 mg of the drug per 1 liter of water). The selected cuttings are placed in the liquid with the lower ends to a depth of about 5 cm, keeping them in this position for a day. Further, future plants are rinsed clean water and planted in a greenhouse using wooden boxes up to 20 cm high. The loose substrate should consist of a mixture of peat, earth and river sand. When planting, the cutting is buried in the soil, moistened and left in a warm environment, placing the container in partial shade. Roots will form successfully if the humidity of the ground and air is high.
For 1 month, protect the plantings from direct sunlight and water them daily, but after the emergence of shoots, irrigation is minimized. Annual plants transplanted to a permanent place from April to early June.
Occasionally, liana is obtained from seeds. They are sown in the greenhouse in winter (December or January) or outdoors in early spring, if the climate of the region allows. Seeds germinate late, the sprouts have odd-pinnate leaves and from the first days they adapt to the conditions of the habitat. Wisterias obtained from seed are characterized by increased resistance, but they bloom for the first time only 5 or more years after germination.
Reproduction of wisteria by seeds (video)
Despite the fact that seedlings, when propagated by the seed method, appear after a few weeks and require temperatures from 20 to 25 ° C for development, the resulting specimens sometimes surpass their parents in beauty. In the spring, a mature bush is transplanted to a sunny place in the garden or greenhouse for further growth.
Wisteria - the cultivation of this southern beauty in the conditions of central Russia is only possible for especially keen gardeners. It is possible to grow wisteria in the room.
A gardener who has ever seen blooming wisteria in southern countries, invariably "gets sick" with this plant, dreaming of settling it in his garden.
Wisteria (wisteria) is a spectacular perennial tree-like beautifully and abundantly flowering liana, belongs to the legume family.
Wisteria. Growing in central Russia
Of course, this is sad, but still wisteria remains a thermophilic plant. It does not withstand frosts below 20 degrees and long winters, and can be grown only in the southern regions of Russia, where Chinese wisteria and multiflorous wisteria (or abundantly flowering) are most common. In more northern regions, with careful care, you can achieve the growth of this vine, but it most likely will not bloom, or it will be very weak and will only bring disappointment to the gardener.
Recently, however, a more frost-resistant species has been bred - large-leaved glicia (wisteria macrostachia). However, it also requires diligence and patience from the gardener, and is suitable only for people who are enthusiastic and with a great desire to grow this wonderful plant.
Wisteria. Growing in the garden.
If you do decide to grow wisteria, choose the sunniest, southern and most windless place for it. Wisteria prefers nutritious, well-drained, slightly alkaline soils.
Wisteria can reach 15 - 20 meters. Young wisteria have thin and long shoots that woody at maturity and reach a diameter of 15 cm. Wisteria blooms in the spring even before the leaves appear, but keeps separately flowering brushes throughout the summer. Wisteria flowers are very fragrant. Every year in the fall, new growths are cut to a height of 30 cm.
Wisteria propagates by root and stem cuttings, layering or seeds.
Wisteria. Growing in a room
If you live in the northern region, and wisteria "well, very much it would be desirable", you can grow it in indoor conditions in a pot or tub, forming it in the form of a standard tree. Of the types of wisteria for growing at home, preference should be given to Chinese wisteria. In the summer, such a plant should be taken out into the garden, on the terrace or on the balcony, and in late autumn it is necessary to arrange a tree, the so-called dormant period, by placing it in the following conditions: a bright cool place with a temperature not higher than 5 and not lower than 10 degrees and very limited watering.
Spring-flowering wisteria looks very impressive together with bright spring and other bulbs.