Deutia is a deciduous plant, which, thanks to Dutch merchants, came to our country in the 19th century.
To date, scientists have studied about 50 types of action. Different varieties and decorative forms can be distinguished by color, size and shape of flowers and height of the bush. About those that have become the most popular in recent times, we'll talk today.
In the photo Deytsiya Shershavaya
Rough
Rough action, which is also called star-shaped, is an exotic beautiful bush, very similar to a honeysuckle bush before flowering. In nature, an evergreen perennial is found in Japan and China. The height of the bush is relatively small, only two and a half meters, but it looks quite elegant. The bark is reddish, with a brown tint; in older plants, it exfoliates. The leaves are elongated, green without shine, their length is 3-8 cm, and the surface is rough.
A representative of this type of deuqi blooms later than the rest. Inflorescences of pale pink or white color, racemose, elongated and large. Inflorescence length, at good care- 12 cm. The duration of flowering is short - only ten to fourteen days.
The average lifespan of a shrub is 25 years.
The action is easiest to plant with a seedling. When buying it in a nursery, carefully inspect it - are all the buds intact, are there any visible damage on the branches, fungal plaque and other points that can provoke any disease.
Planting material cannot be stored for a long time; you will protect the roots from drying out if you wrap them in strong wrapping paper.
Action needs to be planted in early spring. She will be comfortable open space, but that in the afternoon the sun here was not very bright. Cold winds, drafts, as well as poor dry soils, can cause disease and death of the plant. Acidic soils require liming.
You can bring the roots back to life, if necessary, by lowering the seedling into a bucket of clay mash mixed with a weak solution of manganese, let them soak in it for two to three hours.
The bush will be spreading, so it will need a lot of space.
When planting, do not forget to lay drainage on the bottom of the hole and shorten the roots a little. The roots in the hole should not be cramped, dig it 50 cm deep. You will need humus, peat compost and sand, take them in a ratio of 2: 1: 2, mix, add a little nitroammophoska and cover the root in the hole with this mixture. Raise the root neck 1 cm above ground level. After that, you need to compact the soil, water and mulch.
look after exotic beauty not difficult. Watering should be regular, but not plentiful, once a week a bucket of water is poured under a bush, two can be used in dry summers, by the end of summer watering should be gradually reduced. The earth needs to be loosened and weeded. Every month you need to apply top dressing - liquid manure, and twice a summer - liquid mineral fertilizers, but only when the bush blooms. The drugs must be used according to the instructions.
At proper care diseases and pests are not terrible for the bush. Cause the most big problems a bumblebee proboscis may become, you will learn about its presence by seeing the gnawed leaves. You can destroy it with the help of karbofos.
Actions, especially in areas with cold winters, are covered in autumn, recommendations for sheltering hydrangeas can be used.
Now let's say a few words about one more representative of the action family, this is the action of captivity.
Action of captivity
Action of captivity is not a tall shrub, its height, as a rule, is not higher than 1.5 - 3 meters. Against the background of its bright green lanceolate foliage, white or pink flowers. Flowering time - May-June.
The East Asian guest is not capricious and not demanding in care, she is equally comfortable in the garden and on the windowsill. When choosing a place, it is unnecessary to think for a long time, she has no preferences for soils, and the action is not demanding on lighting. It tolerates direct sunlight, shade or partial shade equally well, quickly adapts to new conditions.
Terry action looks especially amazing, the openwork flowers of which are pink on the outside and white on the inside, it is also called captivity. The branches of this airy bush are lowered to the ground, as if bending under the weight of lush inflorescences.
Pruning is not a mandatory component of care, but, as a rule, after the bush has faded, dry, damaged or diseased branches are cut. This will stimulate its growth and flowering for the next season.
Growing and caring for the captive action is the same as for the rough action.
This is a low, about 1.5 m, deciduous shrub from the Hortensia family. Feature action, characteristic of many hydrangeas - exfoliation of the bark. If you look closely, then under the white lace of flowers you can see gray-brown shoots with thin plates of bark hanging down in “tatters”. This is a normal property of mature shoots, and not traces of a disease or pest.
In the garden, action looks good, for example, in a prominent place with evergreen and terry. They all bloom at the same time, and the action creates a neutral white transition between lilac and yellow flowers. AT landscape design often use a combination of action with decorative conifers, and form from tall varieties. Deytion is not afraid of exhaust gases, so it can be planted as a hedge in areas adjacent to the road.
Action: landing and care
landing action
The plant is very photophilous, for planting you need to choose the sunniest place, protected from cold winds. The soil should be loose, fertile, well-drained, with a neutral reaction. If, when planting the action, 300 g of slaked lime or a glass of ash are added to the pit. The best soil for action - earth, and sand in a ratio of 2: 1: 1.
Places with waterlogged soil and high groundwater levels are not suitable for action.
Deytion is planted in the spring, it is best to buy seedlings immediately before planting. The depth of the planting pit is about 50 cm, for drainage, sand or broken kripich can be poured into the bottom of the pit with a layer of 10-15 cm. It is recommended to add 100-120 g of nitrophoska to the soil mixture to fill the pit. In no case should the root neck of the seedling be buried, it should be at ground level. The distance between the bushes is not less than 1.5 m. After planting, the action is watered abundantly, the soil is compacted and mulched with a layer 5-7 cm thick.
Action Care
Watering. Adult plants are drought-resistant and do not tolerate waterlogging, so they only need 1 bucket of water for each bush once a week or less. After watering, the soil is loosened to a depth of 20 cm. In hot, dry weather and during flowering, watering is increased, and in the first decade of August it is stopped to give the action an opportunity to prepare for winter. Young plants in the period of active growth require more abundant watering.
Top dressing. Fertilize the action with compost with a glass of ash or fermented liquid (1 liter per 10 liters of water). Complex mineral fertilizers are applied twice per season (120-150 g for each bush). It is desirable to carry out top dressing during the flowering period and in the first half of summer, fertilizing in the fall has a bad effect on winter hardiness.
pruning. The action is pruned in spring and early summer. At the end of April, all branches growing inside the crown, broken or damaged, as well as the tips of the shoots that did not ripen last year and were frozen, are removed. After flowering, each faded branch is cut back to a strong young shoot. It is also shortened by a third or a quarter, and it begins to bush and lay future flower buds.
If the plant is more than five years old, every 3 years you need to remove 1-2 of the oldest shoots to ground level and thus rejuvenate the bush.
Preparing action for winter. Deytion winters not as problem-free as. In severe winter, the shrub can freeze to the level of snow and then grow back, but there will be practically no flowering this year, because the action blooms on the shoots of the previous year.
Young plants for the winter can be bent to the ground, fixing the branches with two sticks crosswise or in small arcs, sketch the leaves from above and build a “hut” from the sticks. Cover the entire structure with lutrasil and polyethylene. This design of the shelter will not allow the snow settling in the spring to bend down and break the branches of the action.
An adult bush cannot be bent - its thick branches will break immediately, they are very fragile. Mature plants are prepared for winter before the leaves have completely fallen so that they can serve additional protection in the cold. The branches of the action are carefully pulled together with a rope and put on a bush with a bag or any density of 60. From above it is fixed with clothespins. Such a shelter protects not so much from frost as from drying up shoots: without a bag, flower buds are likely to dry out.
Reproduction of action
The plant reproduces well in early summer with green and lignified cuttings, but bushes obtained by layering grow fastest. Seed sowing is also possible. Preliminary preparation seeds are not needed, they are simply sown in the spring, pressing tightly to the ground without embedding in the soil. It usually takes about 3 weeks for seedlings to emerge.
Annual seedlings are easily damaged by frost, so they are covered for the winter. Flowering of seedlings begins in the third year.
Pests and diseases
The plant is very resistant to pests and diseases. Sometimes its leaves are damaged by a bumblebee-like proboscis, which can be removed by treating the bushes with phthalophos or karbofos (15% solution).
Types and varieties of action
In central Russia, the following species are grown:
Action small-flowered, or Amur (Deutzia parviflora, Deutzia amurensis). Spreading shrub up to 2 m high (in the Moscow region - up to 1.5 m). It blooms with small (up to 1.2 cm) white, odorless five-petalled flowers. Flowering time - June, duration up to 20 days.
The action is magnificent, or lush (Deutzia magnifica). Shrub up to 1.5 m high with a wide crown that grows rapidly. It blooms with large, up to 3 cm, bright white flowers, collected in umbrellas. Flowering time in the Moscow region is the end of June - the beginning of July. In culture, decorative forms of magnificent action with double flowers are grown ( Formoza), with bell-shaped flowers ( superba), with especially dense inflorescences ( erecta).
Deutzia Lemoine, or hybrid (Deutzia x lemoinei). More tall, up to 1.6 m, with a wide rounded crown. White flowers up to 2 cm in diameter are collected in pyramidal panicle inflorescences, standing straight. Blooms early, in May; in the suburbs, flowering may be later. withdrawn decorative varieties Lemoine's actions, which are popular with gardeners:
Boule de Neige- with white flowers in panicle inflorescences.
Mount Rose (Mont Rose)- flowers are large, up to 3 cm, bright pink, unusually wide open.
Pink Pom Pom (Pink Pompom)- Terry flowers, rich pink color, hemispherical inflorescences.
Strawberry Fields (Strawberry Fields)- with flowers of unusual color: raspberry outside and pale pink inside.
Action rough, or stellate (Deutzia scabra) has rough, hairy leaves. The crown becomes spreading with age, in the middle lane the bush grows up to 1.5 m. It blooms with white or pink flowers of small size (up to 1.5 cm) with characteristic oblong-pointed petals. The inflorescence is an elongated, narrow panicle.
In gardens there are forms of action rough:
Plena- with terry flowers of pale pink color;
Roseo-plena- very frost-resistant, with pink terry flowers.
Heat-loving, grows well and blooms on sunny places sheltered from the wind.
Requires loose, well-drained, fertile soil. Dislikes acidic soils.
It is drought tolerant, watering is very moderate except for young plants and the flowering period.
Pruning required.
Shelter is needed for the winter.
During the flowering of action, rarely anyone will not pay attention to it. And many gardeners want to have such flowering splendor on their plots. But this plant is southern, and many are interested in how to plant, grow and care for the action in the Moscow region. You will find answers to these questions in our article.
Deytsia - Asian beauty
Deytion belongs to the genus of perennial woody deciduous or evergreen plants of the Hydrangea family (see information on growing hydrangeas). In the wild, action is common in East Asia, Mexico, the Himalayas. On the territory of Russia, some types of action can be found on Far East.
Charming action came to our gardens from the east
In Europe, this plant became known thanks to the famous Swedish botanist Karl Thunberg, who, during his botanical research at the end of the 18th century, first saw the action in Japan and was fascinated by its beautiful flowering. The biologist named the plant in honor of the philanthropist Johann van Dyck, a Dutch merchant and mayor of Amsterdam, as a token of gratitude for the fact that he financed a marine botanical expedition to East Asia.
Already from the end of the 19th century, when Dutch merchants brought Japanese and Himalayan types of action, these beautifully flowering shrubs have become the subject of admiration for European gardeners. And at the end of the century, plants brought from Chinese lands appeared in the gardens.
Description and types
Action bushes, evergreen or deciduous, are upright or sprawling. Plant height, depending on the species, varies from 0.4 to 4 m. The leaves are simple opposite. In early spring, the shrub is beautiful with its fresh greenery, but the true beauty of the action is revealed during flowering, when exquisite white, purple or pink flowers, collected in apical racemose inflorescences, abundantly cover the bush. Unfortunately, the flowers are odorless.
There are many varieties of action, which differ in the height of the bush, the shape and shade of flowers and leaves.
Shrub with good care lives up to 25 years.
In nature, about 70 species of action are known, which differ in the height of the shrub, size, color and shape of the flowers. To decorate gardens and parks, there are many beautiful decorative hybrid varieties plants obtained by crossing "wild" species. But in the conditions of central Russia, not all of them can endure quite severe winters. Therefore, for landing in the Moscow region, you need to choose winter-hardy varieties or hybrids that are distinguished by endurance, and will be able to winter with little shelter, and in the spring again please with beautiful flowering.
The most popular types of action for the middle lane
Action Amur (small-flowered)
AT natural environment this shrub grows in the Far East in China and in North Korea. Habitats - oak and coniferous-broad-leaved forests. In Russia, the Amur action is protected in the Far Eastern nature reserves.
Amur deytion is a sprawling shrub reaching 2 m in height.
Deutsia Amur
Bark on young shoots Brown, but becomes gray over the years. It has elliptical, finely serrated leaves, lowered and pointed at the ends, 5-6 cm long. In spring and summer, the color of the leaves is bright or grayish-green, and in autumn it changes to brown-yellow. The shrub sheds its leaves in winter.
The flowers are medium-sized white, collected in corymbose inflorescences with a diameter of 6-7 cm. The bush blooms at 2-3 years of age and beautiful inflorescences, generously strewn with branches, delight the eye for almost 2 months: from May to early June. By autumn, fruits ripen from flowers - spherical boxes of dark yellow color with small seeds.
Action graceful (slender)
The most spectacular of the plant species introduced into the culture. It is a bush of a rounded shape, up to one and a half meters in height. The branches are decorated with light green oblong lanceolate leaves, covered with sparse hairs on top. By autumn, the leaves turn beautifully yellow, and fall off by winter.
Action graceful
The graceful action blooms very beautifully. From the end of May, its branches are literally covered with multi-flowered snow-white erect paniculate inflorescences, which are 10 cm long. This species can endure the winter quite well, but it must be covered, and a snow blanket will be the best shelter for it.
Deutzia Lemoine
This is a wonderful winter-hardy hybrid of Amur deutsia and graceful deutsia. It is a bush up to 2 m in height. Blooms early and profusely. Bushes with paniculate inflorescences 9-10 cm long, collected from numerous white small (up to 2 cm) flowers, look very impressive and rich.
Deutzia Lemoine
Action purple
Shrub 0.6-2m high with thin broad-lanceolate green leaves up to 5 cm long, very beautiful during flowering - from early June to July.
Flowers, up to 2 cm in diameter, come in all shades of pink and magenta, 6-12 pieces are collected in inflorescences-baskets.
Action purple
Deutsia purple is a very spectacular and picturesque shrub, and although in the conditions of the Moscow region it is poorly adapted to a frosty winter and for its safety you need to tinker, covering it from the cold, but it's worth it - next year she will thank you for your care and again give beautiful flowers.
Landing: where, when and how to plant action
Action is a light-loving shrub, but does not tolerate direct sunlight and drafts, so it is better to plant it in partial shade of crowns. big trees and sheltered from the wind. Also, the bushes need space, which means that at a distance of about 2 m around it there should not be the nearest tree or building.
For good growth and the development of shrubs, soil is needed that meets certain requirements, namely:
- nutritious;
- slightly hydrated;
- with slightly alkaline reaction;
- well drained;
- loose.
A good place for the action would be a plot in the shade of the house
If the soil on the site does not meet the requirements, then when planting, the pit should be filled with the following composition: humus, sand, peat compost, taken in the ratio: 2:2:1. If the soil on the site has an acidic reaction, before planting in the pit, you need to add slaked lime, about 300-350 g.
It is best to plant the action in the spring, as over the summer it will take root well and get stronger before the winter cold. Landing time in the Moscow region must be chosen according to the weather. The soil should be thawed by now, but the buds on the trees have not yet had time to blossom. Seedlings with closed roots (in containers with soil) can be planted until early June.
Advice! For better growth and development of the bush, it is desirable to shorten each shoot of the seedling to 4-5 buds after planting.
Now the main thing: how to plant a shrub:
Mulching the soil around the bush
- Dig a hole about 50 cm deep.
- Put a layer of drainage on the bottom - fine gravel, sand, broken brick.
- Lightly sprinkle the drainage with the soil mixture described above, after adding 100 g of nitrophoska to it.
- Lower the roots of the seedling into the hole, so that its root collar is at the level of the ground surface, or 1-2 cm underground.
- Fill the seedling with earth (or soil mixture), tamp the soil and water.
- Mulch the area around the seedling with a 4-5 cm layer of peat.
Advice! This fit is ideal but, again, optional. If the soil meets the requirements, then points 1,2,3 can be omitted. And, having dug a hole, immediately proceed to step 4.
Action - care, feeding and watering
It is very easy to take care of the action.
The bush does not need frequent watering. For an adult plant, it is enough if it is watered once a week with a bucket of water. On hot days, you can water twice a week, using one bucket of water at a time. From the second half of August, watering can be stopped altogether. After watering, it is advisable to loosen the moistened soil, simultaneously removing weeds.
It is not necessary to water the action often
Once a month, the plant needs to be fertilized with liquid manure. To do this, 3 liters of manure is diluted in water for irrigation and this dose must be applied under each bush.
A couple of times during the season, it is advisable to revive the action with a complex mineral fertilizers- 130-150 g for each bush.
Attention! Top dressing should be applied only during flowering.
Still very important procedure for the care of the action - pruning the bush. It should be carried out twice a year - in spring and autumn.
Pruning a deytion bush
- In the spring, after examining the bush after wintering, damaged and dead branches should be removed. If the shoots are poorly preserved, but the root system is “alive”, then the branches are cut off completely, leaving small stumps. In the same way, pruning is done in order to rejuvenate the shrub.
- In autumn, after flowering, the branches on which there were flowers should be cut to the first strong bud. You also need to cut off old and strongly interfering branches. And also "ennoble" the shape of the bush.
Preparing the action bush for wintering
Most types of action do not tolerate frost well. Therefore, touching on the topic “action - landing and leaving in the suburbs”, one cannot ignore such an important issue as preparing for winter.
Since the flowers of the plant appear on the shoots of last year, for beautiful flowering they need to be protected from frost, and cold winters in the Moscow region require that the plant be securely covered: snow alone is not enough.
Winter shelter for action
For young bushes, you can use the method of air-dry shelter. In this case, the bush must be bent to the ground. And above it to build a hut, on which lay spruce branches or pour dry leaves. From above, cover all this with lutrasil, and on top of it - a film of polyethylene, which will protect the shelter from moisture.
Mature bushes, the branches of which are not so flexible, should be tied together, and breathable material, such as burlap, spunbond or lutrasil, should be wrapped around them, which will keep the heat under the shelter and prevent the kidneys from scorching. Such a simple method will keep the action from frost to minus 30 ° C.
Action multiplication
Action propagates:
- cuttings;
- dividing the bush;
- seeds.
action shank
The simplest and most common method of reproduction - cuttings. To obtain cuttings, you need to cut large healthy shoots from an adult bush in July. Then, in pots filled with a nutrient mixture, plant shoots under small angle, after powdering with Kornevin, for better rooting. Pour a little sand on top of the soil, pour it over, cover the pot with polyethylene and put it in a greenhouse.
When the cuttings take root, they should be planted in open ground. The first year, the bushes will be afraid of hypothermia, so they need to be well covered for the winter, as described above.
Young plants can be obtained by dividing the mother bush
When multiplying the action dividing the bush, an adult shrub is dug up and, carefully dividing root system into 2-3 parts, immediately planted in open ground at a place chosen and prepared in advance.
Reproduction by seeds not too much either complicated method. Seeds collected in autumn are planted in spring in boxes with prepared soil. Cover with glass and periodically watered. After a week and a half, shoots will appear, and when there are three or four true leaves on the sprouts, and the sprouts are strong enough, they can be transplanted into open ground.
Cultivation action: video
Varieties of action: photo
Not so long ago in Russian gardens"settled" exotic flowering shrub called (Deutzia), originally from East Asia. The East is a delicate matter, and in gardening it is also very pleasant when you watch how, thanks to your efforts, a flowering splendor is born from a small nondescript seedling. Openwork flowers of action, collected in tassels of inflorescences, abundantly strew the bush during flowering, giving summer cottage light Asian flavor. It makes you want to dress up in an embroidered kimono and lie down on it, languidly fanning yourself with a fan and inhaling the aroma of a flowering garden.
If the action bush is not trimmed and provided with natural growth, it becomes unusually lush, sprawling. Therefore, the "child of the East" of the Hortensiev family looks great both as single bushes and in company with other flowering plants.
To create original compositions, landscape designers use padding of tree groups with miniature varieties of action. It looks especially exotic against the background of decorative ones. And if you plant a white action in a company with lemon-yellow flowers and hot pink, then you get a picturesque composition that can give a unique aura to any summer cottage.
In a mild climate, they create from tall action. It is not susceptible to smoke, so it is often planted in front of country houses located along the roadway.
Landing and care action
Asian beauty is quite capricious. She does not like cold winds, does not tolerate waterlogging and is not very frost-resistant. Frost at -25 ° C can destroy action, so it is best to plant it on gentle southwestern slopes, where there is a powerful snow cover in winter.
At landing action one of the main conditions for its successful growth is right choice places.
- Drop her off in a well-lit area, protected from the wind, place the bushes at a distance of 1.5–2 m from each other, depending on the plant variety.
- Remember: action requires drained, loose and fertile soil. The ideal soil mixture for her: compost earth, humus and sand in a ratio of 2:2:1.
- The depth of the landing hole must be at least half a meter. A layer of drainage is poured at the bottom (you can sand). After that, 200-300 g of slaked lime and a little are added to the hole.
You can choose varieties of action with the help of our market, where goods from different online stores are presented. .
After pruning, the action is prepared for wintering: the foot of the bush is well covered with a thick layer of fallen leaves and / or coniferous spruce branches, and when the snow falls tightly, it can be bent to secure against freezing flexible branches bushes to the ground and spud them with snow.
Types and watering action
And now I present to you the most popular types of action, which have many decorative forms and varieties:Deutzia graceful (Deutzia gracilis)
The graceful action is different small size: from 0.5 to 1.2 m in height, neat bush form and early, abundant flowering. Unlike other types of shrubs, the graceful deutsia blooms already in the second year after planting. Its snow-white flowers are collected in graceful brushes, each of which has from 40 to 50 flowers. A sort of small bouquets against the background of oblong-lanceolate lettuce leaves.
Deytion graceful is successfully used for decorating borders and padding the front of a group planting of tall plants.
Action purple, or purple (Deutzia purpurascens)
Action purple up to 2 meters high has thin, flexible shoots, slightly pubescent. Flowers of all shades of purple, up to 2 cm in diameter, are collected in semi-umbrella baskets of 10-15 pieces each.
The leaves are broadly lanceolate, pubescent on both sides and finely serrated, serve as an excellent backdrop for incredibly decorative inflorescences.
Deutzia pink (Deutzia x rosea)
Deutsia pink is the original hybrid of purple and graceful deutsia. It never grows more than 1.2 m. delicate flowers bell-shaped, having a bright pink color below, smoothly turning into a pale pink color from above. Inflorescences racemose, collected 20-25 pieces in each brush.
Deutsia pink is quite resistant to winter frosts, unlike other plant species.
Deutzia grandiflora (Deutzia grandiflora)
Deutsia grandiflora is a tall, early flowering perennial. Its height reaches 2 m. The flowers are large, about three centimeters in size, grow singly, but sometimes there are 2-3 flowers in the inflorescence. The leaves are dark green, slightly rough in the lower part, beautiful oval shape.
This type of action is not frost-resistant, therefore it is suitable only for landing in the southern regions. In the landscape it is used to decorate hedges and as a separate decorative element.
In general, action has more than 50 varieties, I have given only the most common in our gardens.
Action. This ornamental profusely flowering shrub can be compared in beauty and unpretentiousness with such popular and spectacular crops as lilac and hydrangea. Deytion is a member of the Hortensia family. The genus of this plant, which has the same name, unites almost five dozen species, which in vivo found in parts of East Asia.
All actions are shrubs that shed their leaves every year. Their crowns are formed by erect and slightly curving, sometimes pubescent shoots. In some species, on old shoots, the bark acquires a layered, scaly structure.
In the second year, the shoots become hollow inside, which makes them brittle. This must be taken into account when leaving and sheltering for the winter.
Simple leaves with entire, serrated or serrated edges are arranged on the branches opposite each other (opposite arrangement).
Beautiful flowers of whitish, pink, lilac and purple hues are odorless and collected in a pretty large inflorescences type of brush or ball. They are located at the ends of last year's shoots. They can be simple and terry.
Deytion grows in almost any land and is easy to care for. Even when the bushes are heavily frosted over in winter, within one season they grow back, actively growing shoots.
For gardeners, action is valuable not only for elegant, but also for long flowering (1-2 months). And also the fact that it blooms immediately after the lilac, but before the roses and mock oranges begin to bloom, and the garden is decorated with flowering shrubs almost without interruption.
Landing and care action
Soil selection
In order for the action to develop steadily and bloom every year, when planting and caring for it, it is necessary to take into account its features and requirements for growing conditions. Especially great importance It has optimal location plants in the area. It must be closed from strong currents air and winds.
You also need to make sure that ground water located at a depth of at least 2-3 meters. Deytion is best suited for permeable, loose, nutritious soil with a neutral (pH 6.5-7.0) and slightly acidic (pH 6.0-6.5) reaction. The land at the place of permanent cultivation should be cultivated to a depth of more than half a meter.
If the soil at the landing site is not suitable, then it is replaced with a mixture that consists of sand, soddy soil and humus. Moreover, humus and earth are taken in two parts, and sand - one part. Mineral fertilizers with nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium (complex), as well as micronutrient fertilizers or ash, lime in a small amount are added to the finished mixture.
Landing technology
The length, depth and width of the pit is usually from 50 to 60 cm. When replacing the soil at the landing site, the size of the pit is increased by 20-40 cm.
Landing is done in the spring. Before planting, seedlings are recommended to be stored at a temperature of 0 to +2 degrees.
Before planting, the roots of a seedling with an open root system must be straightened, broken, dried roots are cut off and placed for several hours (from 2 to 24) in water with a root formation stimulator.
Container actions are also inspected before planting, and if the roots are very ripe with each other, lower part the coma is slightly torn and slightly aligned. After planting, container bushes are watered with a solution with a root formation stimulator.
Action Care
This decorative culture, although it is considered drought-resistant and unpretentious, it fully shows its beauty only when all agrotechnical measures are performed (fertilizing, weeding, watering, pruning).
Watering
It is necessary to water the action in the hot and dry months from 2 to 3 times every four weeks, and when it rains, watering is carried out only when the top layer of the earth dries up.
Under each bush pour 15-20 liters of water.
After heavy watering or rainfall, it is advisable to loosen the surface of the soil around the bushes in order to remove a dense crust. Deep loosening is not carried out so as not to damage the roots.
top dressing
This shrub is fed 3 times per season. At the same time, for the first time, top dressing is carried out in the form of mulching. trunk circle humus (half a bucket per plant).
The second time they use liquid top dressing based on mineral fertilizers with trace elements. These top dressings are carried out until the end of flowering.
The third (last) dressing is carried out before pruning. For her use a solution of mullein, diluted one to ten. One bucket is used per plant.
pruning
One of the main measures for the care of the action is timely and correct pruning.
In May-June, shoots that have frozen over the winter are removed from the bushes.
Every year after the end of flowering, rejuvenating and shaping pruning is carried out.
Spectacular flowers are formed on perennial shoots, but their largest number blooms on 2-3 year old branches. Adult trunks that are more than 4-5 years old are cut into a ring when pruned or a small stump about 15 cm high is left. Dry and poorly developed shoots need to be removed.
It is also necessary to shorten young elongated shoots so that the crown of the bush retains a compact shape.
Preparing for winter
In order for the action wood to ripen well by the onset of cold weather, they stop watering it in August. And with the onset of September, it is advisable to cover the base of the bushes from heavy and prolonged precipitation with the help of waterproof material.
Warming plants for the winter is carried out in two stages. The first time the bushes cover immediately after the onset of night frosts. At this time, the branches of action are pressed to the ground and fixed, and then sprinkled with fallen dry leaves.
The branches of tall bushes break when bent, so such plants are covered with burlap or special non-woven material.
The second (additional) shelter is carried out upon the onset average daily temperature below zero. Branches of spruce branches are laid on the base of the bushes, which helps to retain snow and thereby protects against freezing.
Such a coniferous shelter is removed after the snow has completely melted and heat is established (avoiding warming). Then the bush is freed from the remnants of the leaves.
reproduction
You can get new instances from an action with:
- layering,
- seed,
- cuttings,
- root growth and
- dividing the bush.
Reproduction by seeds
For sowing seeds, beds are prepared with loose permeable soil. You need to place the beds in partial shade.
Seeds are sown in the spring on the surface of the earth and do not sprinkle with anything. During germination, it is necessary to ensure that neither the seeds nor the top layer of soil dry out, it is necessary to moisten them in time.
The first seedlings appear after 3 weeks, and when two pairs of true leaves form on them, they swoop down.
You can also germinate seeds at home, in boxes or boxes, but in this case the picking is done already in open ground.
Plants from seeds with good care bloom for 3 years.
cuttings
Quickly and fairly easily, you can get young actions with the help of cuttings. Green cuttings from 10 to 20 cm long are harvested from June 15 to July 10. To do this, use the shoots of the current year, which are not covered with bark.
Rooting is carried out in greenhouses at a temperature of 15 to 30 degrees. The cuttings are deepened by 0.5 cm, at an angle. The lower cut is powdered with a root formation stimulator.
The installation of artificial fog will help to increase the rooting percentage to 95-100%. As soon as the shoots on the cuttings begin to grow, they are transferred to the open ground on the beds for growing, where they will be for one to two years.
For the winter, they must be covered with leaf litter or spruce branches.
For propagation, you can also use lignified cuttings, which are cut in late autumn. It is convenient to do this only in warm regions where the action is not covered for the winter. Each cutting should have 3 to 5 buds. The cuttings are tied in 10-15 pieces and sent to winter storage in a cool place with a temperature of about 0 degrees, laying in boxes and covered with sand.
In the spring, the cuttings are removed and rooted in the same way as the green ones.
Division of the bush and reproduction by basal shoots
Large old shrubs can be dug up, divided into 2-3 parts and seated. When planting, pruning of dry and thickened shoots is carried out.
New plants can also be obtained by separating the root shoots from the mother bush.
Both the division of the bush and reproduction by basal offspring are carried out, as well as planting seedlings, in the spring.
Species, hybrids and varieties of action
Deytion graceful (D. gracilis)
Of the many types of action, it is worth highlighting those that can be grown on the territory of Russia. First of all, this is an elegant action, which is a flowering shrub that has a rounded crown shape. The height of the bush can vary from 0.5 to 0.7 meters. Elongated narrow leaves with small serrate teeth about 6 cm long and 2 cm wide are attached to the branches with small petioles opposite each other.
Snow-white flowers 1.5 cm in size are located in brush-type inflorescences 7 to 9 cm long. Lush bloom lasts almost a month and falls in June. This type of action is liked for the small and compact shape of the bush, abundant flowering and drought tolerance. And also for the fact that it grows and develops well in urban conditions.
This species has variegated forms and forms with a golden tint of leaves.
Variety "Nikko (Nikko)" - low sprawling shrubs up to 80 cm tall. The flowers are white, collected in spike-shaped inflorescences. Blooms in May-June. In autumn, the foliage takes on a beautiful burgundy color.
Action small-flowered or Amur is practically the only species that is little damaged by frost. Under natural conditions, it can be found in the regions of the Far East.
The crown of this low shrub, reaching a height of one meter, is formed by smoothly curved branches. The oval-shaped leaves with a pointed end and a finely serrated edge are about 6 cm long. The snow-white flowers, which have no aroma, are collected in brush-type inflorescences and are located at the ends of the shoots. Flowering of young bushes begins at the age of three and occurs every year.
Action rough or stellate (D. scrabra)
Rough action grows well and develops in the middle zone of our country. Only in winters severe frosts bushes without shelter freeze slightly, but with the beginning of the growing season, the shoots grow back quickly.
This species reaches a height of almost one meter. Leaves with a rough surface and short pubescence are 8 cm long. The flowers, painted in the most delicate pink or white shade, resemble bells in shape. They are collected in spectacular inflorescences 15 cm long at the ends of the shoots.
Action rough begins to bloom at the very end of June, much later than other species. During flowering, the bushes bloom like this great amount flowers that the crown sometimes falls apart under their weight. For the winter, this species must be covered. He has several interesting and beautiful varieties.
Variety "Plena (Plena)" attracts attention with densely double flowers, resembling wide bells. The crown of a bush about one meter high is formed in its bulk by upright shoots.
Variety "Candissima (Candissima)" stands out among other actions with pinkish buds, which, when blooming, turn into double snow-white flowers, which are collected in large panicle-type inflorescences. Needs good winter cover.
Variety "Pride of Rochester (Pride of Rochester)" - a shrub with a dense crown, straight, upward branches up to 3 m in height and 2.5 m in width. The flowers are white terry, flowering - in June.
Variety "Codsall Pink (Codsall Pink)" has a dense crown, branches are curved. Shrub height up to 2.5 m, width up to 2 m. Blooms in June, double pink flowers, collected in inflorescences-panicles 15 cm long.
Action Vilmorena (D. vilmorinae)
The action of Vilmorena in the conditions of the middle lane grows up to 70 cm. Narrow leaves with small teeth 6 cm long are located along the entire length of the shoots.
Snow-white flowers with a diameter of 2 cm bloom in corymbose inflorescences. This species can freeze in winters with severe frosts, and therefore needs good shelter.
The magnificent action was obtained as a result of the selection of the actions of Vilmorin and rough. The crown of bushes of this species is slightly more than a meter. It is formed by both erect and slightly curved branches.
The ovate-elongated leaves, about 6 cm long, have very small teeth along the edge. Whitish flowers are collected in ball-shaped inflorescences with a diameter of 10 cm. Flowering lasts about three weeks and begins in mid-June.
Winter hardiness of this species is low, it requires good shelter. After frosty winters, it may not bloom at all. Often flowers appear only on the lower shoots, covered with snow in winter.
Variety "Tourbillon Rouge (Tourbillon Rouge)" - a spectacular shrub 1.5-1.8 m high with straight branches. It blooms in June-July, the flowers are large, painted in shades from dark to pale pink, collected in paniculate inflorescences. In autumn, the lanceolate leaves change color from green to yellow-pink.
Deutsia Lemoine (D. x lemoinei)
Deutsia Lemoine is a hybrid obtained by crossing deutsia graceful and Amur. Bushes of this species about one meter high have a slightly sprawling crown shape. The diameter of snow-white flowers is one and a half centimeters. They are collected in racemes 8 to 10 cm long. Flowering begins in early June and lasts almost 3 weeks.
This species has a fairly high winter hardiness. Varieties created on its basis are very popular and famous.
Variety "Mont Rose (Mont Rose)" - a shrub with a rounded shape with drooping shoots. Height up to 2 m, leaves are dark green, oval with serrated edges. Blooms in June. The flowers are large, wide open with yellow stamens.
Purple action (D. purpurascens)
This species is only suitable for warm climates. It is a shrub up to 2 m high. The branches are thin light brown, the leaves are elliptical or oval-lanceolate, pointed, with a serrated edge, rarely pubescent. The flowers are purple-pink, collected in corymbose inflorescences of several flowers.
A hybrid obtained from crossing deutsii purple and graceful. It has good winter hardiness. It is a low compact shrub, up to 1.5 m tall, with ovate pointed leaves 3-5 cm long. The flowers resemble a bell in shape, the color is pale pink, the inflorescence is a brush.
Variety "Campanulata (Campanulata)" - a shrub with a dense spreading crown, blooms in May, abundantly. The flowers are white with a pinkish tinge, bell-shaped.
This hybrid is obtained by crossing the Siebold deutsia and the purple deutsia. Bushes up to 1.5 m tall, oval leaves with a serrated edge. The flowers are pink or purple-pink, the inflorescences are brushes.
One of the most popular varieties is "Perle Rose (Pearl Rose)". This is an upright or spreading shrub with lush apical racemose inflorescences with pink flowers.
Suitable only for the southern regions. In the middle lane it freezes a lot and, most often, does not bloom.
Action in landscaping and landscape design
Most often, action is used in landscaping when decorating the background and middle plans of mixed flower beds, as a border, as well as when planting various groups of shrubs. This culture will look especially beautiful on a well-groomed emerald lawn.
The action will look original and interesting in free untrimmed "hedges", where plants are planted at intervals of 1.5-2 meters.
Various species, hybrids and varieties of this crop fit perfectly into landscape compositions from ornamental trees and shrubs.
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