Now it is difficult to find an apartment in which there would be no house plants, because flowers are always pleasing to the eye, giving aesthetic pleasure. However, indoor flowers are susceptible to a variety of diseases, so you always need to be prepared to take appropriate measures. In this article we will tell you what diseases exist. indoor plants and how to cure them.
Viral diseases of indoor plants are diseases that are very difficult to diagnose, therefore they are considered the most dangerous. The main sign that a dangerous virus threatens your pet is a slowdown in plant growth, dry and yellow tips of the leaves (and then the leaves themselves). This is often attributed to a lack of nutrients, but when other characteristic symptoms appear, you can be sure that you are dealing with a viral disease. Unfortunately, there are no means by which it would be possible to save the flower from the infection, so it can be saved only in the early stages of the disease.
To save your pet, you need to remove all affected areas and lubricate the cut with activated charcoal. They also disinfect all the tools with which you got rid of the affected elements. This is the only way to get rid of the disease before everything goes too far. If the plant withers and loses leaves, and changing the conditions of detention does not help in any way, the only way out is to get rid of the affected flower, alas, there are no other methods of treatment.
Mosaic disease
The first sign of mosaic disease is leaf spots. They are usually lighter or darker in color. Their appearance is directly related to the fact that the chloroplast disintegrates during the disease, which, of course, is reflected in the color. "Mosaic" disease was nicknamed due to the fact that these spots, which cover the leaves, fold into an intricate mosaic pattern. The leaves are strongly deformed and wrinkled, at the end there is a complete wilting.
Curly leaves
On the leaves, you can find areas that look a little swollen. Small bumps and spots appear, gradually covering the entire surface of the leaf. The leaves wrinkle and curl, and the flowers, if any, can be severely deformed.
Jaundice
As the name suggests, flower leaves acquire yellow... In some cases, a pattern resembling concentric circles can be seen on the leaf plate. After a while, yellowness on the leaves is replaced by brown spots, which is a sign of tissue necrosis. The growth of the flower is significantly slowed down, and the stems become very fragile due to the excess amount of starch. Due to such incredible fragility and withered leaves, the flower quickly loses its former beauty and only a faded shadow remains of its former charm.
Bacterial diseases
Bacterial diseases of indoor flowers are a very unpleasant phenomenon. They attack the flower, penetrating wounds, damaged roots or even the soil in which your pet is kept. They can also occur due to waterlogging of the soil, so keep an eye on the irrigation regime.
Most often, spots on the leaves are a signal that a bacterial disease has affected your plants. If a similar infection has been diagnosed in home flowers, it will be easiest to get rid of it with the help of fungicides. You can treat bacterial ailments with a solution of copper sulfate or Bordeaux liquid. If she was amazed root system, remove the affected area and carry out a transplant.
Bacterial wet rot
An unpleasant affliction. Its symptom is spots gray, which spread over the sheet plate. They look like fungal stains, but are more vague and oily. Touching such a speck, you can feel that they are very soft and have an extremely unpleasant odor. This is not surprising, because bacteria contribute to tissue decay.
To get rid of rot, the affected areas are removed, and healthy ones are treated with copper sulfate.
Bacterial spot
It looks like a burn, since the small specks that appear on the tips of the leaves darken over time, and a border forms around them. It looks as if the leaves were burned. These spots differ from the spots caused by fungal ailments in that their borders are clearly visible. Fungicides will also help, but be sure to remove the infected areas first.
Fungal diseases
Get rid of fungal infection with a soda solution. To prepare it, one teaspoon of baking soda is enough for half a liter of water. The resulting solution is moistened with a sponge and plaque is very carefully removed. Various fungicides are widely used.
Powdery mildew
An unpleasant disease that is not easy to detect in the early stages. A gray bloom appears on the sheet plate, at first it can even be mistaken for thin layer dust. Gradually, it eats into the leaf and takes on a brown tint. The affected elements of the flower wither and die very quickly. To fight the disease will help drugs "Topaz", "Hom", "Vectra" and Bordeaux liquid.
Gray rot
First, it affects the stem of the plant, and then passes to the fruits and leaves. It looks like a fluffy coating of gray. After a while, it takes the form of dry rot, tightly braiding the stems. Very much like mold, provokes tissue death. As a result, everything above the affected area dies off, because the circulation of nutrients stops. Carry out the treatment with Fitosporin, after removing all infected areas.
Sooty fungus
It is characterized by the presence of black bloom on the tips of the leaves and throughout the leaf blade. As a result, the plant is unable to breathe and absorb sunlight, which leads to its death. Soot fungus is treated with Fitosporin.
Red burn
Leaves and peduncles are covered with red spots, where spore-bearing crusts can later be seen. There is a strong deformation of the leaves and the subsequent decay of the flower. Get rid of the disease with the help of fungicides.
Anthracnose
Brown spots appear throughout the leaf plate, and the tips of the leaves acquire dark Brown color... Sometimes the leaves are simply covered with reddish spots, after which they are deformed and wither. For treatment, use "Fundazol".
Rust
The leaves are covered with orange tubercles, and on the back of the leaf they look like bumps. The spots grow, capture the entire leaf as a whole, which is why it withers and falls off. They fight rust with Bordeaux liquid and Vectra.
Root rot
The fungus attacks the root collar and blocks the access of nutrients to the rest of the flower. If the plant is young, the disease destroys it very quickly, and medications will not help here.
Wilt
The leaves are covered with dry brown spots, they dry very quickly and wither, even the vessels turn brown. Treat wilt with fungicides.
Late blight
A disease that provokes tissue necrosis. Patches of purple and purple appear on the sheets. brown rapidly spreading to the whole plant. Late blight drugs will help get rid of late blight.
Video "Diseases of indoor plants"
In this video, you will see the most common houseplant diseases.
Most often, domestic plants suffer from diseases of a fungal nature and the activity of insect pests. Leaves and the root system are primarily affected. By the characteristic signs of lesions, it is possible to determine the cause of diseases of indoor plants and eliminate it in a timely manner.
High temperature and high humidity- an excellent environment for the development of bacteria. For this reason, flowers should be sprayed and watered in moderation, as excess moisture increases the likelihood of the spread of pathogens.
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Alternaria
Alternaria refers to diseases of a fungal nature, in which the leaves, tubers and stems of the plant are covered with brown spots. The causative agents are fungi of the genus Alternaria. First, the disease affects the lower leaves, and then the lesion rises higher in concentric circles. Over time, the spots turn black and grow. Alternaria especially progresses with sharp drops temperature.
The best environment for the development of microorganisms is a warm and damp microclimate, when the humidity in the room is 90%, and the temperature is + 30 ° C.
Prevention of such a disease is good ventilation. Ventilation helps fight mold. Also not allowed high density shoots in order to exclude the source of bacteria: excess branches with leaves should be removed in a timely manner.
Anthracnose
The disease is caused by deuteromycetes of the genera Gloeosporium, Colletotrichum, Kabatiella. Spots on affected leaves may have different shade: Sometimes they are gray-yellow, in other cases they are brown or purple. Growing up, the spots acquire a brown tint. Spores are formed on them, which appear in the form of hairs. In these places, the surface of the sheet is rough.
The fungus is frost resistant and spreads with watering. Develops with high humidity and elevated temperatures.
In the initial stages of the disease, affected leaves are removed, watering of the plant is reduced in order to reduce moisture. Plants are sprayed with Bordeaux mixture, copper sulfate, Strobi fungicide.
Ascochitosis
Phytopathology is accompanied by the appearance of small brown spots with a diameter of 1-2 mm on the leaves. Growing up, they darken, a yellow border forms along the edge of the spot. When the disease affects the stem, it fractures at the site of infection. The first signs of the disease appear in the form of drying of the tips of the leaves. A darkened, brown stripe appears on the border with the healthy part.
The fungus - the pathogen is very resistant, withstands frost and drought well. Transferred with water droplets when spraying. Control measures are the same as for anthracnose.
Downy mildew
The disease is provoked by the activity of fungi - oomycetes. At the initial stage of the disease, yellow spots of irregular configuration appear on the upper part of the leaf plate. Over time, they turn brown and then turn brown. A gray bloom appears on the lower half of the leaf, which then turns black. Diseased leaves gather in corrugations, turn yellow and fall off. In the later stages, the disease affects the vascular system of the plant. On a cut, this manifests itself in the form of darkened vessels.
The ideal conditions for the development of phytopathology are:
- high acidity of the soil substrate;
- high humidity;
- limited access to fresh air, poor ventilation of the room.
The source of the disease is poor disinfection of seeds and soil. As a preventive measure, the seeds are kept in water at a temperature of + 50 ° C for 20 minutes before planting. Warm seeds are dipped in cold water for 3 minutes and then air dried.
The room maintains a low humidity. Bushes require constant thinning to improve air access. For the purpose of disinfection, the soil needs to be changed periodically.
When the disease spreads to the plant, the infected leaves and side branches are removed. Spraying is carried out with Bordeaux liquid, Bravo or Quadris preparations. If the soil is already infected, then spraying is excluded.
To avoid powdery mildew, houseplants should not be fertilized. nitrogen fertilizers, especially when the budding process is in progress. Since spores can easily travel a considerable distance, bacteria can be brought in from trees located outside the window. The development of the disease is affected by a lack of air, but drafts are also contraindicated. The affected buds can be treated with sulfur, milk whey or milk.
Rust on the leaves
With this disease, rusty spots appear on the leaves. If you rub them in your hand, a powder is formed. This disease also belongs to fungal. It appears as a result of abundant watering, lack of sufficient lighting and lack of fresh air.
Sometimes the disease enters the ground along with the seeds. It is impossible to recognize it in advance, therefore, before planting, the soil and seed are treated with potassium permanganate. Fungus spores can be carried in by the wind if the flowerpot is on the window. Therefore, in the spring, all plants should be treated with a Bordeaux mixture for prevention purposes. If only an insignificant part of the leaves has become rusty, they should be removed.
Rust stains can be caused by improper dosage of fertilizers. If the soil substrate has not changed for a long time, the soil should be completely replaced.
Flower growers get very annoyed when their favorite plants suddenly start to hurt. Therefore, it is useful to learn about what diseases of indoor plants are, and how they need to be properly treated.
This topic is becoming especially relevant today, because modern market proposes great amount drugs and remedies that help prevent and eliminate flower ailments.
Bacterial and viral diseases
These diseases are often accompanied by a slowdown in development. decorative crops... It is very difficult to diagnose them in the early stages.
Viruses are often carried by thrips and aphids. Treatment in this case should be comprehensive.
The most common indoor flower diseases:
- Rot... Flowers with fleshy leaves and stems often suffer from it. An overdose of nitrogenous fertilizing or waterlogging can provoke the development of rot.
- Withering... In this case, the stems first begin to wither, after which all other parts are affected.
- Spotting... Dead areas appear on the leaves with this disease. The spots have clear outlines that distinguish them from fungal infections. To treat the disease, indoor flowers must be treated with special preparations.
- Bacterial cancer... The symptomatology of the disease involves the appearance of small growths on the shoots and rhizomes of plants. If left unattended, these tumors can lead to their death.
House flower disease chemicals are not effective enough. In such situations, it is important to observe preventive measures and control soil moisture.
If decay of the rhizome was found, then it is necessary to reduce watering, and if the whole flower is sick, then it will have to be removed along with the pot and soil.
Prevention measures
- You need to buy flowers exclusively from trusted sources (nurseries or specialty stores). In this case, when pests appear, you can turn to the seller for help, who, most likely, will fix the problem completely free of charge.
- It is desirable to choose varieties of crops that are distinguished by good resistance to ailments.
- Seed material for planting must be disinfected and sorted.
- It is necessary to adhere to the conditions of care depending on the type of plant.
- Flowers and leaves should be examined as often as possible for damage and disease.
If a disease is detected, the flower must be urgently isolated from the rest and start to deal with the problem.
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Tatiana Tyaglova 08/15/2015 | 27972
Various spots often appear on indoor plants, the cause of which is sometimes difficult to identify for a beginner. Let's figure it out together what it can be.
Plants are living organisms, but they are not able to complain about dis comfortable conditions content. Sometimes over-grooming affects them even worse than lack of attention. Each individual species should be looked after in its own way. There are more or less whimsical varieties, but spots can appear on any home plant... The reason for this is the wrong growing conditions.
Incorrect temperature conditions
Reddish, brown or too light(almost white), spots with a dry crust are the result of transferred sunburn... The plant must be transferred to the shady side of the apartment or limited access to direct sunlight. As such, the burn is not dangerous for further growth. If necessary, damaged leaves can be removed.
White spots say that the plant is frozen. This happens in winter time if the pot is on the windowsill, and the curtain does not allow enough heat from the room. It is more expedient to transfer the culture to more comfortable conditions before the onset of warm days.
The same damage can be the reason that too much was used during watering. cold water... Houseplants should not be watered with running water, it should settle and warm up to room temperature.
Lack of systematic watering
Black-brown dry spots on leaves or darkening of the edges talk about the lack of water. Increase the intensity of watering or increase the humidity of the air. On the other hand, soft dark brown lesions indicate excessive moisture. By checking the soil by touch, you can pick up optimal mode glaze.
Cortical stains on the leaves and stems they speak of the lack of systematic watering. If the plant is in a dark place, then such growths can indicate high humidity in the room.
Incorrect feeding
The emergence black spots can be caused by two reasons:
- excess fertilizer;
- old age of soil in a pot.
In the first case, it is enough to clarify the dosage of fertilizer for each specific flower and subsequently feed the houseplant in moderation. If the substrate has changed for a long time, the plant should be transplanted. After these actions, the leaves should regain their original healthy appearance.
Yellowness on the leaves is the first symptom of chlorosis. Disruption of chlorophyll formation occurs due to the incorrectly selected fertilizer. In this case, the leaves lose their color, only the veins remain green. The plant gives a signal that it lacks magnesium or iron. Feeding indoor plants with calcium complicates the absorption of trace elements. Purchase appropriate additives and use softened water for irrigation.
Some plant species react by appearing yellow spots when water gets on the leaves. The same can happen if you spray some kind of aerosol next to the crop. When exposed to chemicals, the leaves become yellow.
Plant diseases
Diseases fungal origin often cause spots on the leaves and stems of plants different color and size. There are a huge variety of diseases, each of which is treated differently. If the plant is already adapted to environment and strange spots suddenly appeared on it, although nothing changed in recent times, it is worthwhile to study in more detail the symptoms of the most famous diseases.
House flowers are not able to explain in detail what conditions suit them best. But they are adept at signaling when something goes wrong. Experienced growers find solutions quickly. Sometimes experience is gained by trial and error, but it is much more effective to study the recommendations for caring for plants and constantly monitor the growth of green pets.
To print
Sometimes improperly created conditions, their changes or violations of the rules of care are guilty of the occurrence of a disease in indoor plants. Sometimes the blame for the appearance of the disease of indoor flowers lies entirely with the pests, but, be that as it may, in order to apply the correct treatment, the disease must first be recognized.
There are four main factors that affect the life of indoor plants: light, temperature, moisture, soil. For each type, the requirements for all these factors are different. Different plants necessary different amount Sveta. In addition, how many hours of daylight hours is of great importance. It is very important to create conditions that meet the requirements temperature regime and humidity levels. The soil, in addition to fulfilling the function of nutrition with basic substances, must also have a level of acidity that is exactly what each plant requires.
Violation of the conditions of detention or the initial creation of the wrong conditions, so weakens the plants that it becomes the main factor in the development of diseases. Many diseases of indoor plants may well develop from a sharp change in temperature, for example, when it drops by 7-10 degrees in moisture conditions, flowers are threatened fungal diseases, because the smallest spores-pathogens can get into the cleanest apartment.
A room is not a fortress, pests sometimes penetrate into it, and they are dangerous in themselves and still carry many diseases. If the plants are weakened by poor maintenance, then they are all at risk. Therefore, it is necessary to monitor the level of temperature and humidity, maintain the necessary acidity and nutritional value of the soil, and provide flowers with the optimal amount of light. Otherwise, they will show insufficient conditions and care, or get sick.
In the early stages of the disease, you can try to fight it by removing the affected parts of the plants, good care, care and love work wonders. It is necessary to make a strong pruning by treating all sections with activated charcoal. But a neglected disease will kill the plant, there are no drugs that can cure it. Blooming exotic plants, primrose, begonia, bougainvillea most often suffer from viruses. Tools, dishes, place - everything that a flower infected with a virus came into contact with must be disinfected in order to stop the spread of the infection and protect the rest of the flowers. Affected flower must be quarantined.
Mosaic disease
With this disease, the chloroplast disintegrates in the leaf cells, which cannot but affect the color. Discolored yellow or very light spots appear on the leaves, they collect along the veins, then spread throughout the entire leaf plate.
Curly leaves
Currants often suffer from curl, in the garden you can observe how on its leaves appear small areas as if swollen. Bulges appear on the leaves, they wrinkle, curl. Pests can infect houseplants with this virus; they have a very similar leaf deformation effect.
Jaundice
Jaundice in the early stages of the disease is confused with chlorosis. Leaves are losing juicy green color, turn yellow, wither, sag lifelessly. 
Then they begin to appear brown spots- this is already a manifestation of tissue necrosis. The stems can break under the weight of branches and leaves, because they accumulate excessive amounts of starch. The plant finally loses its decorative effect, turns into sluggish, breaking, if it manages to bloom, then the petals will be colorless.
Video "How to protect flowers"
From the video it will become clear how to protect your home flowers from the attacks of pests and diseases.
Bacterial diseases
Bacteria are the causative agents of very unpleasant diseases in all living organisms, this applies to both the animal and flora... Due to their very small size, they spread easily and imperceptibly, we ourselves bring them to the apartment on clothes, shoes, our things and even on our own body. They enter the body of home flowers through wounds, seeds or tubers may already be infected when we bring them home. If the infection got into the soil, then it then very quickly spreads through the vascular system of home flowers. Bacterial infection manifests itself in spots on all parts of the plant, but most often the appearance of spots is noticed on the leaves. 
Bulbous and tuberous plants suffer from bacterial contamination more often than others. Treatment of this ailment involves quarantine and removal of the affected parts of the plant (with the processing of cuts with crushed coal), reduction of watering and moisture levels, and the use of fungicides. Even if the root is damaged, all the rot is cut out, and the rest is transplanted into new soil, at first they do not watered at all or they do it very carefully. Good results are shown by the use of copper-containing preparations, namely "Copper sulphate", "Bordeaux liquid". Some people use Trichopolum.
Bacterial wet rot
Bacterial diseases can be difficult to diagnose because, at first glance, they look similar to fungal diseases. But you need to take a closer look, the spots look more oily, with vague contours. First, on the leaves, and then on all other parts of the plant, shapeless, damp-looking spots appear, if you touch them, they turn out to be soft, soggy with an unpleasant odor. This happens because bacteria, penetrating into the tissues, cause them to rot.
Bacterial spot
This disease is also called bacterial burn. 
Small moist spots may appear first along the veins of leaves, then they darken to black, acquire a yellow or brown border, in general, give the impression of a burn. First of all, the upper young leaves are affected.
Fungal diseases
Fungal spores are very small, they can easily spread throughout the apartment, infect other plants, so you need to be very careful, it is better to take quarantine precautions.
Dealing with troubles in turn, first they free the plant from pests, then they are taken for a fungus. Reduce watering to the infected plant, exclude spraying, reduce the level of humidity and air temperature as much as possible.
If the lesion is not too extensive, then the spores can be simply removed without injuring the plant. To do this, prepare a soda solution: 0.5 l of water + 1 teaspoon of soda, moisten a sponge in it or soft tissue, remove plaque. You can use vinegar or beer instead of soda solution: 1 teaspoon of vinegar is taken per 1 liter of water, and beer is only slightly diluted with water. If it is not so easy to get rid of the spores, then you will have to cut the plant, removing all parts with a bloom. 
Since the spores feel great in the soil, it must be replaced, sometimes at the first signs of the disease, replacing the top layer of the soil helps (if the spores have not yet penetrated very much into the plant itself), however, this will not help with root rot.
For treatment, use " Copper sulfate"," Bordeaux liquid "," Colloidal sulfur ". That in the garden, that on the windowsill, fungicides "Strobi", "Topaz", "Kuproksat", "Vectra" cope well with fungal diseases. Many experienced florists advise to apply " Green soap", Unlike all of the above, it is harmless, which is important for indoor plants, in addition, it copes well with diseases such as scab, late blight, powdery mildew, rust.
Powdery mildew
Violets, geraniums, cyclamens, petunias often have this unpleasant disease. On outside leaves appears powdery bloom, at first it can be easily removed with your fingers, like dust. Then, somehow imperceptibly it ceases to be removed, appears on the underside of the leaves, turns brown. The leaves stop growing, wither, die.
Gray rot
Gray rot also loves violets, geraniums, petunias, cyclamens, but brown moist dots and specks with a grayish-mossy bloom appear on the stems, and not on the leaves.
Growing on the stems, the fungus blocks the access of moisture and nutrients to the leaves, the result without treatment will certainly be deplorable.
Sooty fungus
The rabble, as it is also called, settles on coffee trees, citrus fruits, gardenias, azaleas, camellias, palms. They notice it when a black, like soot, bloom appears on the leaves, it grows quickly, clogging the pores of the leaves. The result is the inability to eat and absorb sunlight, all of which will invariably lead to death if the plant is not treated.
Red burn
Amaralis, hippeastrum and other bulbous flowers often suffer from this disease. 
The pathogen lives in the bulbs, and its activity manifests itself on the leaves - first red spots appear, which darken over time, as if a black crust tightens the burn. Young leaves, shoots, peduncles are deformed, bent, if not treated, the plant may die.
Anthracnose
The scab infects the leaves of ficuses and palm trees. In the center of the leaves or at the edges appear dark spots different color, different shapes, they become slightly fuzzy to the touch. A border of a different color appears around the spot, the spots grow, the leaf dies off.
Rust
Rust is more common in the garden than on the windowsill, but still rusty spots on the top of the leaves of chrysanthemums, citrus fruits, camellia, pelargonium, asparagus are sometimes found. 
If you turn over such a leaf with colored rusty stains, then on the underside there will certainly be spores of fungi hidden in growths similar to tubercles. These spots are behind a short time merge, become stripes, leaves die off.
Root rot
The roots of immature plants, cuttings grown from delicate juicy stems, for some reason, the roots of pelargonium often suffer from root rot. The root collar is affected by fungi, nutrients do not get to the plant.
Wilt
At high humidity in a warm room, plants suddenly acquire dry spots on the leaves, the leaves darken, turn brown. Even the vessels turn brown.
Late blight
Excessive moisture, old caked soil can contribute to the infection of cacti, succulents, azaleas, orchids with this dangerous disease. Purple and brown color on the leaves is the onset of necrosis, then it captures the stems, the root collar, and can quickly lead to the death of the plant.
Prophylaxis
Crowding usually harms plants, flowers need Fresh air, optimal (and not excessive) humidity. Fitosporin-M is perfect for preventive watering to protect plants from fungal diseases. 
We must not forget to change the soil, sometimes disinfect it. It is imperative to disinfect all tools that are used in working with plants. And the places of cuts in flowers need to be processed with crushed coal.
Healthy plants are much less likely to be infected, they are easily tolerated, which means that you need to follow all the rules for caring for flowers, create favorable conditions, timely pest control.