Sewage from 200 liter barrels. Do-it-yourself septic tank in the country from barrels - features of the device

A do-it-yourself septic tank from barrels is usually built on suburban areas, where people live periodically - for example, in summer period, and also as temporary sewerage at construction sites.

Nowadays it’s quite easy to buy ready-made autonomous system collection and treatment of sewage, manufactured in the factory. It can be used as a permanent structure for country house. But for installing a septic tank in a country house, where you only relax periodically and do not live permanently, there is no point in purchasing such a system due to its high cost and complexity of installation.

It is much easier and more reasonable from a financial point of view to make a simple sewer system with your own hands, using metal or plastic barrels (both used and completely new) for these purposes.

Such a septic tank is constructed from containers with a volume of 200–250 liters. It is clear that such tanks are not capable of containing a large number of drains. This fact is considered the main disadvantage of septic tanks made from barrels. But the described structures also have many advantages. They are very easy to install. All work on sewerage installation is done by hand.

Containers with a volume of 200 liters

The most labor-intensive operation when installing barrels is considered to be digging a pit for them. You can do this yourself or order special equipment. In the first case, the costs will be minimal, but in the second, the work will take very little time. The choice is yours.

If you want to use tanks or barrels made of metal, you should immediately take care of treating them with special anti-corrosion compounds. Such containers have low resistance to aggressive influences Wastewater. Without additional protection There is no point in using them due to rusting - in just a couple of seasons they will fail.

And here is the septic tank from plastic barrels with your own hands will last you much longer and without anti-corrosion protection. True, the installation of such tanks will be more difficult. This is due to the low weight of plastic containers. They will have to be additionally secured to eliminate the risk of barrels being pushed to the surface during spring floods.

About the process of constructing a septic tank from plastic products we will talk in great detail. It is precisely these autonomous temporary sewers that are most often built in dachas. Now let’s briefly talk about the principles of constructing a septic tank from iron tanks.

When installing a septic tank from iron containers, you need to dig a pit suitable sizes and it is mandatory to concrete its bottom. Then prepare two barrels and drill holes on their sides. You will insert the outlet of the drainage pipe and the inlet of the overflow pipe into them. Remember - the pipe product coming from the house is always inserted into the first barrel with a certain slope. Due to this, wastewater will flow by gravity into the septic tank without any problems.

Important pro tips to follow when arranging a sewer system from metal barrels:

• the second metal container should be installed in the pit slightly lower than the first;
• use barrels with a volume of at least 200 liters;
• is mandatory high-quality insulation septic tank on all sides (no need to lay heat insulating material only to the bottom of the pit);
• The tanks are backfilled with soil; the top of the septic tank is covered with roofing felt and lids made of wood or iron (do not forget to make a hole in the coating through which wastewater will be periodically pumped out of the tanks).

Construction of a sewerage system from metal barrels

If you want to increase the volume of the structure in question, it is possible to install several barrels on top of each other and weld them together. In addition, additional iron jumpers can be mounted. They will provide more reliable fastening barrel All joints between barrels should be thoroughly waterproofed. For this, hot bitumen is most often used.

Let's say it right away. No matter how you set up a system of iron barrels, after 3-4 years the metal tanks will have to be replaced. They will begin to rot and rust under the influence of aggressive wastewater.

Despite the ease of installation of such sewers, you will have to clearly plan all the activities. First, decide where exactly you will install the septic tank. It must be removed from the garage, sauna and other outbuildings by 1–2 meters, and from a residential building by 5 meters (at least). The wastewater collection facility is not built next to a well or well, from where clean water is supplied to the house.

Next, select a scheme for your autonomous sewer system. For several people using a country septic tank in the warm season, a system of three barrels that are connected in series to each other is recommended. Note! The first two containers must have a bottom (they act as settling chambers), the third - without it. The last barrel is essentially a filter well.

Barrel sewer system

Principles for installing plastic containers:

• The second barrel is placed at the bottom of the pit 10 cm below the first, the third - lower by the same 10 cm in relation to the second.
• Under the first two tanks you need to arrange a pillow from (its height is about 10 cm).
• The barrels are connected to each other by sewer pipes (they are called overflow pipes). In this case, the outgoing tubular product is located 10 cm below the incoming one.
• Under a barrel that does not have a bottom, you should make a special cake - a layer (0.3 m) plus a layer of sand (0.5 m). Such a pillow is necessary for the final purification of wastewater absorbed into the ground.

If the groundwater at your dacha is located high enough, filtration fields are installed instead of the third barrel.

Now purchase the materials that will be required for the construction of a septic tank (barrels, geotextiles, small crushed stone, angles for connecting pipe products, 110 mm sewer pipes, sand) and proceed to the next stage of the planned event.

The pit for the septic tank is dug manually or using vehicles. According to its parameters, the pit is made larger than the geometric dimensions of the plastic containers used. Along the entire perimeter of the pit, the distance between its sides and the barrels is maintained at 0.25 m.

The bottom of the dug pit needs:

• compact well;
• cover with sand (arrange a 10-centimeter sand cushion);
• pour concrete solution;
• mount metal embedded elements in the resulting base (barrels will be fixed to them, so they must have hinges).

Experts advise additionally securing plastic tanks to the concrete base using special belts (they are called bandage belts). They provide a 100% guarantee that during a flood the barrels will not float to the surface.

Fastening plastic tanks

Now let's move on to plastic containers. In the one that will be installed first, we make a hole (it must be at a distance of 0.2 m from the tank lid) for the pipe coming from the residential building. Another hole is cut on the opposite side of the chamber (relative to the first one, it is shifted down by 0.1 m).

Also, another hole is made in the first container. You will need it to connect ventilation riser. Important tip! It is advisable to equip the first barrel with a removable lid. In this tank, after settling the wastewater, there is always great amount solid waste. This means that you will have to clean it more often.

Drill holes in the second plastic container in the same way. If you plan to build filtration fields, you need to cut two holes in the second barrel, placing them at a 45-degree angle to each other. These holes are needed for installation drainage pipes.

Installation of a septic tank, filtration well and filtration fields

The installation work flow diagram is as follows:

1. Place two plastic barrels in the pit.
2. Connect the pipes to the cameras.
3. Backfill the tanks using a composition consisting of cement (dry powder) and sand. This backfill perfectly protects the structure from destruction during soil movements. The mixture is supplied in layers of 0.25–0.3 m, and each layer must be compacted. At the same time as filling, pour water into the containers. This way you will protect the barrels from deformation.
4. Pour a cushion of sand and crushed stone onto the installation site of the third tank (a well for filtering wastewater), place the last barrel on the resulting pie and pour fine crushed stone into it (about a third).

Your septic tank for your dacha is ready!

If, instead of a filtration well, you planned to construct filtration fields, the arrangement of the latter is carried out as follows:

1. To install drainage pipes, dig trenches of the required size. They must have a slope (per meter of pipe products - 2 cm).
2. You lay geotextiles at the bottom of the trenches, and throw its cuts on the sides over the sides of the ditch.
3. Cover the geotextile material with crushed stone (height 0.3 m).
4. Place drainage pipes on the crushed stone layer. As such it is allowed to use homemade products(make holes in regular steel pipes). But it is better to use factory perforated pipes.
5. Fill the trench with a layer of crushed stone and lay geotextiles on top (the overlap width is about 0.1 m).

All you have to do is fill the ditch with earth. Fields for filtering wastewater have been made.

Country house, small sauna, a summer camp site or temporary living quarters being equipped for the period of construction of a capital structure - will not be comfortable enough for living without a sewerage system. But purchasing an expensive local treatment plant is not always advisable.

As alternative solution you can consider a simple septic tank made of light polymer barrels, which are very easy to bring to the site and short time install it yourself. There are also metal barrels, but due to exposure of this material corrosion, their use is not recommended. Wooden containers are even less durable. Their service life is no more than two seasons.

Principle of operation

Since a septic tank is a system in which domestic waste and waste not only accumulates, but undergoes purification. For construction, you will need two or three barrels, which will become loading and secondary cleaning chambers. To make the system as efficient as possible, you should think about installing a drainage or storage well, into which purified water from the septic tank will flow.

Let's consider the principle of operation of a two-chamber septic tank made of barrels, equipped with a storage well.

1. Used water (from the shower, toilet, etc.) flows into the drain hole, from where through the pipes of the internal and external sewerage flows by gravity into the first loading barrel-chamber.
2. The first chamber is called a “settlement tank”, since here, with the participation of constantly acting gravitational forces, wastewater settles. Light fractions and fats float to the top, heavy particles precipitate. In the center of the container, a layer of primary purified technical liquid is formed, which is transported through the overflow pipe into the second chamber-barrel.
3. The second post-treatment chamber is designed for better treatment of wastewater. Here, in an airless environment, colonies of microorganisms “work” (they are formed 2-5 weeks after the system is put into operation). For greater efficiency, preparations can be loaded into the post-treatment chamber to quickly decompose all sewage into water, sediment that falls to the bottom, as well as gases escaping through the ventilation pipe.
4. The degree of purification in the first two chambers can reach 80-90%. To increase the quality of cleaning, you can install another septic tank chamber, which will work on the principle of a post-treatment chamber. If the result suits you, then this measure is not relevant, and technically purified water will be transferred to a storage well.
5. The storage well has a sealed bottom, preventing water from penetrating into the ground. Disposal of liquid from the well is carried out using a sewer truck or drain pump subject to installation of filters.

Instead of a storage well, you can install a filter (drainage) well. In this case, all the liquid enters the well container, where, passing through a crushed stone filter, it is absorbed into the soil. The method is not applicable when high level groundwater and clayey soil type with low filtration capacity.

Where to begin?

Any sewerage construction requires a minimum design. As prescribed by the standards, cleaning chambers must not only be located at a distance from green spaces (at least 3 meters), the foundation of the house (5-10 m), reservoirs and wells (30-50 m), but also at the same time be located within the reach of a sewer truck. place. Of course, if you plan to carry out preventive cleaning of the septic tank with a drainage pump or bucket, last rule loses relevance.

Note! The septic tank should not be too far from the building to avoid the need to lay an excessively long pipeline. It is also not recommended to plan the laying of pipes with turns, as this may cause clogging of the pipe and an additional need for installing a rotary (inspection) well. The best option– a septic tank located 7-10 meters from the house and connected to the system internal sewerage direct pipeline Ø110 mm. For a pipe section of 10 meters (the difference between the opposite ends of the pipe) will be 20 cm.

It is important to have information about soil type and groundwater levels. The nuances of installation and the method of disposal of the purified liquid will depend on this.

Septic tanks differ from conventional sewage systems in the volume of wastewater processed. If when connecting to central system the volume of water consumption does not matter, then small installation from barrels implies economical use of water (maximum washbasin, shower and toilet). At the same time, about connection washing machine there is no longer any talk. A three-chamber septic tank with a volume of about 250 liters is quite suitable for temporary living arrangements for 2-3 people. For more users, it is recommended to choose larger capacity barrels.

It is also theoretically necessary to register the fact of installing a septic tank in the SES, but this design from casks is unlikely to be approved, so obtaining official approval is left to the discretion of the owners.

Preparation of materials and tools

Building a house is a labor-intensive and complex task. If you want to have a complete autonomous sewerage, you need to equip a septic tank for drains and waste, and it can be made from plastic barrels with a volume of 200 liters each. Metal containers are not suitable; they rust and deteriorate quickly.

It should be recalled that such a septic tank purifies contaminated water; it cannot be done without pumping.

Advantages of a do-it-yourself septic tank

Stores sell already assembled septic tanks from different manufacturers. But their functions are identical homemade devices. Having decided to equip a septic tank with your own hands for a private home, you get the opportunity to appreciate the important advantages:

• cheap material;
• simplicity and ease of installation - no special skills or knowledge required.

Among the disadvantages, experts cite the limited volume of the chambers, so the owner of the dacha will have to pump out water quite often. But this is better than drawing it from a well, even with a pump. Most often, a septic tank is installed where wastewater is minimal.

For which premises is a septic tank made from plastic barrels suitable?

1. Country houses used for temporary holidays during the summer season.
2. Baths that do not have a jacuzzi, swimming pool or toilet.
3. Buildings and utility structures to improve the comfort of use.

Where to install a septic tank

Focus on long distance from a well or other source clean water– according to the standards, sewerage should not pass nearby, otherwise the quality of the water will suffer. Also, step back 5 m or more from the foundation of the house and provide 1 m as a distance from other buildings on summer cottage. Consider the option of pumping out waste - if it is a special machine, provide convenient access to the septic tank under construction.

What is the simplest and at the same time effective scheme for arranging a septic tank?

1. The product consists of 2 or 3 barrels, one of which does not have a bottom, due to which the component functions as a filter part.
2. Each subsequent barrel is placed 10 cm lower than the previous one.
3. The barrels are connected to each other by a pipeline. The pipe that enters the septic tank is located 10 cm above the outgoing channel.
4. The barrels, which act as a settling tank, are placed on a sand bed, the layer thickness is 10 cm.
5. To ensure that the water is purified in the best possible way, provide a bottomless barrel with a cushion of 30 cm of crushed stone and 50 cm of sand.
6. The high level of groundwater requires the installation of a filtration field instead of a filter well.

What materials are needed to create a septic tank with your own hands?

Based on the received drawings of the septic tank, we determine the materials that will be needed to build the product for a country house:

1. Two barrels with a capacity of 200-250 liters. If a filter well is provided, prepare another barrel by cutting out the bottom. You shouldn’t give up iron ones only if the septic tank is temporary - metal containers They won't last longer than a couple of months.
2. Crushed stone with small particles measuring 1.8-3.5 cm each.
3. Geotextiles.
4. Pipeline for laying sewerage, the diameter of one pipe is 110 mm.
5. Drainage pipes used in the construction of filtration fields.
6. Angles that combine parts of the pipeline.

Preparing barrels for installation

First, prepare plastic barrels for work. Make recesses for incoming and outgoing pipes. In one barrel, the hole is made at a step of 20 cm from the upper base of the barrel. The entrance recess runs on the opposite side, with a 10 cm downward displacement.

In the first barrel, provide a hole for ventilation. It is advisable that the cover be removed, because this camera will take on large quantity solid waste and therefore requires constant cleaning.

Now process the second barrel. Step back 20 cm from the top cover and make a hole for the inlet channel. The outlet is placed on the other side, focusing 10 cm above the recess of the inlet pipe. If the barrels are connected to drainage, experts recommend making two holes at an angle of 45 degrees to each other.

How to install a septic tank with your own hands

To install a septic tank, you need to prepare a pit. Focus on a value that exceeds the volume of the barrels; the drawings will help you determine the size. The gap between the plane of the barrels and the sides of the pit is left 25 cm around the entire perimeter.

What other nuances need to be taken into account when creating a pit for a septic tank?

1. To make the bottom dense, lay out a sand cushion; the layer thickness should be 10 cm.
2. Secure the result with concrete mortar. Barrels require reliable fixation using embedded metal loops. If the septic tank is planned to be used on an ongoing basis, builders recommend powerful fastening using bandage belts located on concrete base. The master's short-sightedness can lead to the barrels floating to the surface as soon as the spring flood arrives. Then you will have to say goodbye to the sewer system.
3. Now install the barrels by connecting the pipeline. To protect the product from damage, add a mixture of sand and dry cement, the layer thickness is 30 cm. Compact it and fill it again. At this time, fill the container with water - this simple technique will avoid deformation of the walls. Use waterproofing agents to seal joints.

Today you can easily purchase a ready-made septic tank industrial production or build capital treatment plants yourself. But if you need to organize temporary sewerage or wastewater volume in country house is small, simpler and more affordable solutions can be used. For example, build DIY septic tank from plastic barrels . Such treatment plant will help make life more comfortable and at the same time cope well with the tasks assigned to it in cleaning wastewater.

Building a house is quite a long process. In order not to give up your usual amenities during construction, you can build a temporary local sewer system - homemade septic tank. It can be assembled from two 200 liter plastic barrels.

To build such an installation, you can use old, but leak-free plastic barrels. The use of metal barrels is impractical, since the metal is quickly destroyed by sewage. An installation made from metal barrels will not last long.

A septic tank made from barrels is easy installation, but it’s still more convenient cesspool or storage. Such a septic tank purifies rather than heats the water, so the need for pumping occurs less frequently.

When can you build a septic tank from barrels?

Today there are many different models of septic tanks offered by manufacturers. But they are all quite expensive to build, so in some cases it is advisable not to spend money, but to assemble a septic tank using plastic barrels. The advantages of this option include:

• Cheapness. To construct the chambers, you can use used plastic containers with a capacity of 200-250 liters;
• Simplicity of the device. The construction work of such a septic tank is not complicated.

The main disadvantage of a septic tank assembled from barrels is the limited volume of chambers. The small volume that a septic tank has from barrels is the reason why there will be a need frequent pumping draft.

Advice! It is clear that with a chamber volume equal to the volume of the barrel (200 or 250 liters), the amount of waste should be minimal.

A septic tank assembled from barrels is perfect in the following cases:

• Dachas that are used only as a place for periodic recreation. That is, dachas where permanent residence not planned;
• Traditional baths (without a swimming pool, jacuzzi and toilet), in this case, the septic tank will not require frequent pumping;
• For construction sheds as temporary installations.

Planning stage

Even the construction of such a simple installation as a septic tank assembled from two barrels must begin with planning. You should choose the location of the septic tank, and also draw up a diagram of the future treatment plant.

Choosing an installation location

Just like any other local sewerage installation, the septic tank should be located at a distance from the well or well from which production is made. drinking water. In addition, the septic tank must be located at least 5 meters from the foundation of a residential building and 1 meter from other structures on the site (bathhouse, garage, etc.).

The possibility of pumping out sediment should also be considered. If a sewage truck will be used for pumping, access to the septic tank must be provided.

Selecting an installation scheme

If the cottage will be used by 2-3 vacationers, then you can choose the following septic tank design:

• Two or three barrels connected in series, the last of which has no bottom and serves as a filter well;
• Each subsequent barrel is located 10 cm lower than the previous one;
• The barrels are connected by overflow pipes. The pipe entering the septic tank is located 10 cm above the exit pipe;

• Under the first two barrels, which are used as settling tanks, there is a sand cushion made of sand 10 cm high;
• Under the last barrel, which has no bottom, a 30-centimeter cushion of crushed stone and a 50-centimeter cushion of sand are first made. This layer is used for final purification of water that is absorbed into the soil;
• If soil water is located high on the site and installing a filter well is not possible, it is necessary to construct filtration fields.

Materials for the construction of a septic tank

• Two barrels made of plastic, 250 liters in volume. If you plan to install a filtration well, then you will need another barrel without a bottom. The use of metal barrels is possible if a temporary sewer system is being built that will be used for several months.
• Fine crushed stone - size individual elements 1.8-3.5 cm;
• Geotextiles;
• Sewer pipes having a diameter of 110 mm;
• Drainage pipes for the construction of filtration fields;
• Angles for connecting pipes.

Septic tank installation

Let's look at how a septic tank assembled from barrels should be installed.

Barrel preparation

• It is necessary to prepare a hole for connecting inlet and outlet pipes. In the first barrel you need to make a hole for the incoming pipe at a distance of 20 cm from the top lid of the barrel. The inlet hole is made on the opposite side of the barrel, moving it 10 cm down relative to the first;

• In addition, you need to make a hole in the first barrel for the ventilation riser. It is better to make the lid of the first barrel removable, since it is in this chamber that solid waste will accumulate the most, so it will need to be cleaned regularly;
• In the second settling barrel, the hole for the incoming pipe is made at a distance of 20 cm from the top cover. The outlet pipe is located on the opposite side of the barrel, 10 cm above the opening of the inlet pipe. If drainage pipes leading to the filtration fields are connected to the barrel, then it is better to make two holes in it, located at an angle of 45 degrees to each other.

Pit preparation

• The pit should be larger in size than the barrels. The gap between the walls of the barrels and the sides of the pit should be about 25 cm around the entire perimeter;
• The bottom of the pit must be well compacted, after which a sand cushion 10 cm high should be made;

• If possible, fill the bottom of the pit with concrete mortar. Embeds should be installed in concrete metal parts with loops for securing barrels;

Advice! If a septic tank from barrels is built as a permanently operating installation, then it is recommended to secure the barrels to concrete slab using bandage straps. If this is not done, then in the spring during a flood the barrels may float and destroy the entire sewer system.

• When preparing the pit, you need to remember that each subsequent chamber was located lower than the previous one. That is, the outlet pipe of the previous chamber should be at the level of the inlet of the next one.

Installation of a septic tank

• The barrels are installed in prepared places, pipes are connected to them;
• Backfilling of containers is carried out using a mixture of sand and dry cement powder. This backfill will protect the septic tank from damage due to seasonal soil movements;
• Backfilling must be done very carefully so as not to damage the joints of the pipes with the chambers;

• Having poured about 30 cm of the mixture, you need to compact it well around the perimeter of the barrel. Then you can start filling the next layer;
• Simultaneously with filling, you need to fill the barrels with water. Filling the containers with water will prevent deformation of the plastic walls when backfilling.

Construction of soil treatment plants

In order for the water settled in settling chambers to be completely cleared of impurities and contaminants, it is necessary to build filtration fields or a filtration well.

Construction of a filtration well

• To construct a filtration well, you can use a barrel without a bottom. Additionally, it is recommended to make holes in the bottom of the barrel;
• Before installing the prepared container, sand is poured into the pit, the layer height is 50 cm. Then you need to pour crushed stone, the height of the layer is 30 cm. The diameter of the backfill layer should be 50 cm larger than the diameter of the barrel in all directions from the side of the barrel;
• After installing the container in place, it should be filled to a third of its height with crushed stone.

Constructing filter fields

• Trenches are dug for laying drainage pipes. The trenches must be prepared so that the pipe lies on a slope. The slope size is 2 cm per meter of length;
• When building a septic tank from barrels, as a rule, the aeration field is constructed from two drainage pipes diverted from the second settling chamber;
• Ditches prepared for laying pipes are covered with geotextile fabric so that the side sections of the material cover the sides;
• A thirty-centimeter layer of crushed stone is poured on top of the geotest, on which drainage pipes are laid;

Advice! You can purchase already perforated pipes or make holes in ordinary pipes intended for assembling external sewage systems. In the latter case, you will need to drill holes for water outlet yourself.

• The pipes are covered with crushed stone on top, and then the whole thing is wrapped in geotextiles. The fabric is wrapped so that an overlap of 10 cm wide is formed;
• The last stage of work is backfilling the trenches with soil.

So, a septic tank made from plastic barrels is an inexpensive and practical solution for a bath, construction shed or dachas. This installation cleans wastewater and does not require frequent pumping.

To the owners country houses you don’t want to give up your usual city amenities and have to install a sewer system on your property yourself. Often it is a simple cesspool made from a barrel or something else, but if there is running water and household members actively use plumbing fixtures, its capabilities will clearly not be enough.

Scheme country sewerage includes a sewage collector, internal and external pipeline networks. Depending on financial capabilities, the collector is built from brick, concrete rings, large in size car tires, eurocubes or 200 l barrels.

Sewage scheme with a barrel as a septic tank

Scheme and rules for organizing sewerage with a septic tank in the country

It is quite possible to equip a septic tank for a dacha with your own hands. Before starting work, draw up detailed diagram sewerage installations. Drawings can be seen in the photo. The diagram must show the location of the storage tank, internal and external wiring of the pipeline network. Building codes and the rules determine the required angle of inclination of the pipes, features of the collector design and other parameters. Please note that simply pouring wastewater into a pit without pumping pollutes the soil and nearby aquifers.

Requirements for the placement of treatment facilities on a summer cottage

Treatment facilities at a summer cottage should be located no closer than thirty meters from reservoirs, wells and artesian wells. In order to bad smell did not penetrate into residential premises, the minimum distance of the septic tank from the house is five meters. This distance should not be extended much either, since this will significantly increase the cost of laying the external sewer network.

Minimum distances from septic tank to various objects

Care must be taken to ensure that the unpleasant odor does not disturb the neighbors, and the treatment plant should not be located too close to the boundaries of the site. Fruit trees and other green spaces with a developed root system should be located at a distance of at least three meters.

Types of country sewerage

The easiest thing to do with your own hands for a private home or summer house is to make a regular cesspool into which waste will simply be drained. At the same time, it will pollute environment. To prevent unpleasant consequences A sealed container is installed in the cesspool.

The simplest cesspool from a barrel

This is a more acceptable way of arranging a waste disposal system, but in this case, frequent “visits” of the sewer truck are necessary. More modern look The dacha sewage system is a septic tank in which the liquid fraction of waste settles and, after filtration, is removed from the collector. The use of bacteria that decompose organic matter helps to create a septic tank without pumping.

Sealed cesspool

To construct a cesspool, dig a pit at least two meters deep. If the terrain of the site is difficult, it is located at the lowest level.

Sealed drain hole convenient for small waste volumes

The walls of the tank are laid out brickwork or they stack ready-made concrete rings, tires from the Kirovets tractor, two-hundred-liter barrels on top of each other, and so on. A layer of waterproofing is laid on the bottom of the container, all butt joints are reliably sealed to prevent wastewater leakage.

Filter well

A filter well is constructed in the same way as a sealed cesspool, only instead of waterproofing, a fill of gravel or crushed stone with sand is made at the bottom of the shaft. It forms a filter layer, percolating through which, liquid fractions waste is removed from contaminants before penetrating into the soil.

Construction of a filter well made of a plastic barrel

This design treatment plant makes it possible to pump out waste from the tank much less frequently, since it is filled only with solid fragments. The quality of wastewater treatment is improved if you install not one, but several filter wells connected to each other by overflow pipes.

Applying a filter field

Using a filtration field helps to make a septic tank without pumping. Its design requires free space on the site large area.

Device of a small filtration field

The filtration field is an underground area in which sedimentation and purification of wastewater passing through the sewer occurs. From there they are discharged through perforated pipes into the drainage system.

Using the gutter

It’s good if it’s close to a storage facility sewer tank there is a drainage ditch. In this case, the wastewater passing through the collector can be directed directly into it. To do this, they dig a hole near the canal, filling it with crushed stone or gravel as a filter layer. Wastewater is sent there, which, after passing through the filter, enters the drainage ditch.

Options for materials for a septic tank in the country

Depending on financial capabilities, the septic tank at the dacha is made from the most various materials. With virtually no material costs, you can get discarded tires from your nearest tire repair shop or auto company. large diameter.

An example of organizing a two-chamber septic tank from tires

Tires from the Kirovets tractor are suitable. They are laid on top of each other in a dug pit. A septic tank made from ready-made concrete rings is even faster and more reliable. The wastewater receiver can be lined with brickwork. Large-volume barrels and so-called Eurocubes, which are sealed containers, are also used. plastic containers.

When installed, they are concreted on the sides, since they are light in weight and can move when the ground water level rises.

Installation depth of the septic tank and pipe laying

Installation depth of septic tank and backfill sewer pipe directly depends on the level of soil freezing in a particular region. If wastewater freezes in sewer system, they will burst the pipes, and in the spring everything will have to start again.

A sewer pipe used only in summer does not need to be buried

The optimal volume of a septic tank in the country

The required volume of a septic tank at a dacha depends on the number of people permanently residing there. It is believed that one person consumes up to two hundred liters of water per day. By multiplying this figure by the number of household members and increasing the resulting value by approximately twenty percent, we obtain the optimal volume of storage capacity.

Of course, in a summer cottage, that is, without the use of a shower and bath, this parameter will be much less.

Construction of a simple cesspool from a 200 liter barrel

A cesspool from a 200 liter barrel can be easily made with your own hands. For its arrangement, it is better to choose plastic containers. Compared with metal products they have the following advantages:

• excellent resistance to aggressive chemical environments;
• longer service life;
• simplified installation due to low weight;
• no need for anti-corrosion treatment;
• high levels of tightness.

A plastic barrel can serve as a cesspool for a long time

When buried in the ground, plastic containers should be securely secured using cables pulled to a concrete slab installed as the base of the structure. Otherwise, a homemade septic tank may “float” to the surface at the most inconvenient moment. Plastic barrels installed in the pit should be filled very carefully so as not to damage them.

Do-it-yourself assembly and connection of a septic tank from plastic barrels

Assembling and connecting a septic tank from plastic barrels with your own hands is not particularly difficult. First, a pit is dug to bury the tanks in the ground. For better cleaning wastewater, two plastic containers with a volume of at least two hundred liters each should be installed. They are connected to each other using an overflow pipe.

Two-chamber septic tank with overflow from plastic barrels - practical option

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