The closer is a useful mechanism that ensures reliable closing of the doorway. But soon after the acquisition, many buyers have a problem how to adjust the door closer. Despite its modest size and simplicity, this mechanism has several adjustment options, but it is necessary to take into account the temperature conditions, the type of doors, the dimensions of the doorway and several other parameters.
Door closer device
A mechanical door closer is a device that is designed to automate the process of closing it. It is mounted either on the door frame, or directly on its canvas.
There are usually three types:
- gear driven
- Cam
- Spring
In fact, this is a simple alternative to the spring, which was previously used on gates. But since the springs slammed very sharply and quickly, their design had to be improved. Closer, consists of a spring placed in a closed housing and a pushing piston. In the middle, the piston is connected to the gear, this is adjusted by a lever from the outside. Turning the lever drives the wheel, which causes the piston to move. Thus, the door is closed.
Do-it-yourself closer setup
Manufacturers provide the ability to configure at least two or three parameters, the speed of closing the door, the delay and the catch. On the modern devices, there may be a speed control function in the range from 80 to 90 degrees.
Before proceeding with the installation, you need to carefully read the instructions.
If the closer is adjusted by hand, without the help of a specialist, and only a schematic instruction is in the hands, you should pay attention to a few things:
- Closers are used for doors different types- both indoor and outdoor. Inside the house, it is permissible to set it to slow speed. For entrance doors, a faster move is recommended to prevent the ingress of cold air or insects. We should not forget about the user's personal preferences and seasonality.
- If the premises are frequently used large number people, then by setting up an intermediate passage, you can ensure the passage of several people at once. If you use a special screw, you can keep the doors open all the time.
- When adjusting the door closer is done by hand, many people often forget about the door closer. It serves for faster closing. Should be found optimal value, at which there will be no strong impact on the jamb or a sharp closure.
The user himself chooses the parameters from the range provided by the manufacturer.
Speed control
Immediately after installation with your own hands, you should check the work door closer. If the closing speed is too fast, then adjusting the door closer allows you to reduce it, for which you need to turn the adjusting screw. To decrease the speed, it is enough to scroll half a turn clockwise. If the speed is slow, all the described actions are repeated in reverse. The adjustment is made until the optimum speed is found.
Intermediate travel setting
Usually the intermediate stroke is set in unison with the main door stroke, but there are other options. For example, if you need to slightly reduce the speed half way, closing the door. To do this, use the third adjusting bolt. This bolt is used to hold the door leaf in a certain position. For example, more cabinets need to be brought into the apartment.
The screw can be adjusted so that the door remains open for a while, and only then begins to close.
Retract adjustment
The rebound setting is similar to the speed control, except that the rebound provides speed only in the last 20 to 25 centimeters. The acceleration of the closing leads to an increase in the force of the door hitting the jamb. Therefore, you need to adjust it moderately.
What should be avoided when setting up a closer with your own hands?
There is only one rule that should never be broken. Do not unscrew the adjusting screws more than two turns. The work of almost the entire mechanism is due to hydraulics. When the adjusting screws are unscrewed more than two turns, oil begins to flow from the closer. Oil is pumped there under pressure, and pumping it back with your own hands is quite problematic.
It is necessary to unscrew the adjusting screws with caution and little by little. Scrolling at least one and a half turns will make the closing speed very sharp.
How to quickly adjust the closer:
In fact, there is nothing complicated in how to adjust the closer. This is a fairly simple mechanism, but in order for it to always remain in good condition, certain measures and rules should be followed:
- You should not support the doors with any object (chair, stool, etc.). In order to fix the position, it is enough to adjust the special screws.
- You should carefully read the instructions before you start adjusting the door closer with your own hands.
- When buying a closer, it is necessary to take into account the temperature conditions in which it will be operated. Some models are not suitable for outdoor use.
- When buying a floor closer, you should remember that you need to plan everything in advance, since such devices are installed along with the door.
Adjusting the door closer is a fairly simple procedure.
It is necessary when you are not satisfied with the pace of closing the doors - too fast or too slow.
Every person capable of performing at home minor repairs, will surely do the job.
All that is needed for this the first time is an instruction manual and a screwdriver. Fans of visual materials will surely find many detailed videos on this topic on the Internet.
Basic information about door closers
Entrance door closer English language called door closer, literally - a door closer. With this mechanical device, you only need to open the doors - the door closer will close them itself.
The device not only makes it easier to close the doors, the main purpose of the mechanism is to reduce the load on the hinges and fittings, which wear out much less.
In addition, if in in public places doors without it do not always close tightly, which causes drafts and heat loss, then a simple mechanism successfully solves this problem.
Closers provide access control to the room, so their presence is mandatory on fire doors and emergency exits.
Today, these mechanisms are used not only at the entrance, but also at the internal passages in public spaces and even in private homes.
They close the door quietly, smoothly and tightly. You can adjust the force required to open the door.
The device can be located above the doorway, below in the door frame or in the door itself.
Closers mounted at the top are mechanisms open type, all others are hidden from view.
The choice of a particular model depends on two main parameters - the weight and width of the door. The higher these values, the more powerful the door closer mechanism should be.
Each manufacturer develops strict recommendations for installing devices, and if these instructions are not followed exactly, then the mechanism may soon need to be repaired.
In addition, various models are designed for various conditions operation, such as temperature range.
Even if you have a thermostable model, by adjusting the closing speed according to the season, you can extend the life of the mechanism.
Often people, entering the room in the cold, unconsciously try to quickly close the door behind them if the closer is too slow. This damages the seals and the mechanism may soon need to be repaired.
There are special thermal dampers for closers. When the temperature environment rises, the oil becomes thinner and flows faster inside the device.
To avoid this, the thermal damper expands to compensate for the lack of oil thickness. When the outside temperature drops, the thermal damper will act in reverse.
When choosing a specific model, pay attention to compliance with international standards.
The requirements of the EN 1154 standard adopted in Europe exceed the rather lenient GOST of the Russian Federation, so many closers that meet the requirements of GOST do not comply with EN 1154.
Additional functions
Many models of door closers perform various functions and, accordingly, they have elements of their adjustment. Below is information about some of them.
Wind brake or opening damper allows you to install top speed opening doors.
This feature is useful for room transitions to avoid damage to walls and doors if they are thrown open too quickly.
Adjustment schemes:
For entrance doors, this function is simply necessary, because it does not allow drafts and gusts of wind to control the opening process.
The hold-open closing stop function must not be used on fire exits where electromagnetic or electromechanical impulse actuated latches are used.
For fire and smoke barriers, the function of coordinating the closing of the leaves is necessary, it is also installed on double-leaf doors.
This is lever design, which is installed on the door frame in addition to the door closer.
Delayed closing is necessary to make it easier for people with disabilities to enter the premises, with baby carriages, so that several people can pass at a time.
Typically, the delay is set to about 30 seconds. The closing delay function should not be used in passageways big flow people - this can lead to injury and breakage of the closing mechanism.
Another one useful feature- Throttle adjustment. With its help, you can speed up the closing of the doors at the last stage.
When the sash is in the range of 0 - 15 ° until it is completely closed, the person has already managed to move away from the entrance, the closing process can be accelerated. The function makes it easier to click the lock and, again, avoids heat loss.
Closer adjustment process
Do-it-yourself door closer adjustment is a fairly simple process even for people who do not have special engineering abilities, which cannot be said about repairing the mechanism, which is not always possible.
On this topic, you can watch the video in the article, use the manufacturer's instructions or recommendations from this article, but you should not adjust the mechanism intuitively.
If, as a result of your manipulations, oil begins to drip from the door closer, then its repair is no longer possible - the device will have to be replaced.
So, how to adjust the door closer? Remove the cover from the mechanism and look for the control valve. To do this, check the diagram in the instructions.
By turning the control valve counterclockwise, you can slow down the closing, in order to speed up the process, you need to turn it clockwise. More expensive closer models have two or even three of these valves.
They divide the closing process into two or three stages, and in each range the speed can be adjusted separately.
Important point! Do not turn the control valve more than two turns from the zero position.
The opening forces can be set by adjusting the door closer.
Turning the adjusting nut counterclockwise makes the process easier, while turning it clockwise will require more force to enter.
The closer adjustment must be used for preventive examination mechanism - whether oil is leaking somewhere.
Leaks occur more often in winter due to damage to the hull, which led to its depressurization.
Such a breakdown turns the closer into an ordinary spring - it ceases to perform its functions and only slams the doors loudly.
If damage is detected on the body in time, then repairs can be made and sealed to prolong the life of the door closer.
But if the moment is lost and the hole is too big, then there are no other options but to buy a new device.
When adjusting the door closer, you can set both the closing delay function and the full stop function. The delay is provided by tight tightening of the latch designed for this.
You need to tighten it by opening the door by 90 - 100 degrees - the position in which the closing delay will be performed.
As a rule, if one person passes, then he does not need to open the doors so wide, and the function will not work unnecessarily.
The hold-open function keeps the door open until you make a closing motion that releases the lock.
In the same way as with the opening delay, the function will not work if the door is not opened wide enough.
If the adjustment is performed twice a year (at the entrance from the street four times), then this will extend the life of the mechanism.
The closer is a device for returning the door to its original position in the automatic operation mode. This device silently and softly covers the opened sash. If necessary, he delays door leaf in the open state. Many doors are equipped with modern practical device. However, like any technique, the door closer needs maintenance, adjustment and troubleshooting.
Types of mechanisms and their device
To better understand the principle of the functioning of the mechanism, you need to analyze its basic varieties, so it will be easier to figure out how to correctly debug the door closer.
For the most part, these two types of this device are practiced:
- cam slide - performs soft sliding, practiced for canvases with low weight;
- gear lever - the most common type of mechanism, the movement of the spring is realized through gears, it can be used even for massive door panels.
According to the method of mounting, fixtures can be divided into three main types:
- Overhead structures (overhead)- these are the most uncomplicated devices to use, their functions can be adjusted using a few screws or valves located on the case panel. They are mounted at the top of the sash, which is extremely convenient for installation. For input street doors specialized oil-filled devices are manufactured, adapted to function in hot or cold climates.
- Floor. Floor-mounted systems are also relatively easy to set up. They have shown themselves excellently in banking institutions, offices, shopping and entertainment complexes and where to appearance door high requests. These devices are integrated into the floor and are almost invisible to visitors. Sliding type regulator mechanisms are used, designed for doors weighing no more than 100 kilograms.
- Devices hidden type it is quite problematic to adjust it yourself, since they are removed inside the door leaf or on the floor, which complicates access to them. Devices are in demand where a thorough cosmetic finish and an ideal main facade are needed.
According to the principle of operation of the device are as follows:
- hydraulic;
- pneumatic;
- electrical.
fixture structure
In the structure of this device the following parts and mechanisms are included:
- die-cast aluminum body;
- spring;
- piston;
- adjusting screws (valve);
- gears;
- needle bearing;
- rubber seals;
- fixture.
The principle of operation of the closer
The basic component of the design is a spring system, which, when the door is opened, is compressed and accumulates the energy required to close the door. The compression process is carried out by transferring the force of the traction device to the spring. Toothed gears and racks move the piston, while the oil internal channels flows into the free part of the body. During the reverse stroke of the door, the spring straightens and provides a soft closing.
In what cases is the procedure necessary?
Correction of the door closer is quite a simple matter. Setup can be done without problems with my own hands. It is worth understanding in what situations it may be necessary to adjust the parameters of this mechanism. The first thing to remember is that the duration of the uninterrupted functioning of any mechanism is directly based on the quality of its maintenance throughout the entire period of operation. As a result, 1-2 times a year, it is required to inspect the door closer and eliminate minor malfunctions. This is especially important during the transitional change of seasons.
In summer and winter, the climate conditions are enormously different. Most of closers are filled with oil, and as you know, any liquid changes its state when the ambient temperature changes. In particular, in winter, the oil becomes thicker and the door leaf moves more slowly. In summer, everything turns out the opposite, so you need to prepare the door closer to the required level. Adjustment of the device is also needed if you notice any malfunctions or you simply do not like the settings you have set. If the device starts to slow down or the closing of the door leaf is too hard and fast, in jumps, long time is not attracted, all this can be tried to correct. Things get a little more complicated when the device is out of order, since a simple setup will no longer be effective and repair work will need to be done.
Instructions for setting up a door closer with your own hands
To adjust the device, it is not necessary to invite the master. It is enough just to have minimum set tools and certain skills. The whole procedure will take minimal amount time and will enable you to achieve the desired result by following the steps listed below.
- Before proceeding with the procedure itself, remember that the main thing is not to overdo it with the control valves (screws). It is acceptable to make only 2 turns, then difficulties may arise. The oil in the pressurized tank may spill out and hydraulic system the closer will eventually lose its performance.
- To adjust the closing speed of the door leaf, it is necessary to learn only one trend - by turning the valve clockwise, it will gradually decrease. If the action is performed in the opposite direction, the closing speed will increase.
- There is a solution to the problem of only one person being able to get through. Since there is a third valve, the adjustment of which can keep the door in a fixed position for a certain time. Therefore, even a group of people will be able to freely enter the room.
- Such a problem as a lack of effort to completely close the door leaf is eliminated by adjusting the valves responsible for closing speed.
Finding the perfect solution can be a key problem when adjusting a door closer. The main task is to close the door to the end so that there are no gaps. It is necessary to correctly select the ideal time that the door leaf can be in the open state. It is also required to make silent closing possible, hard impacts on door frame. This can cause damage to the canvas. And the worst option could be the loss of efficiency of the mechanisms responsible for proper operation.
How to adjust the closing force so that the door does not slam?
For self-tuning, you will need a flat-end screwdriver or an Allen wrench. The door opens to the end, special valves are fixed, located at the end of the device. Full fixation is carried out with the door leaf closed. By changing the degree of tightening of the valves, you can adjust the door to an extremely comfortable closing. Valve number 1 is responsible for the closing force of the door.
If the fully open door closes too quickly at the beginning, the valve must be tightened, and if it is slow and it is necessary to increase the speed, on the contrary, unscrew it. Valve number 2 is responsible for the speed of complete closing of the door leaf (slam). Separate modifications have a third valve that adjusts all the efforts of the door closer. With proper adjustment, the door leaf moves smoothly, without jerking. result correct installation and a competent attitude of the door closer will become a long service life.
Important! You can not turn the control valves completely. Otherwise, they will stop exercising their functional purpose even after returning them to their place.
How to weaken the opening?
Quite often, the door closer needs additional setting. If the mechanism works hard, and in the process of opening the door it is necessary to make efforts - it is necessary to release the valves, the door will begin to function smoothly. Valves can be placed on the end or on front side, it all depends on the modification of the device. You can find out the location of the valves by looking in the manual, where the manufacturer indicates the location of all the components and elements of the door closing mechanism.
Position open
At times there is a need for open door over a relatively long period of time. It is worth figuring out how to adjust the device so that the doors do not close, but stay open. In many modifications of door closers, there is an auxiliary hold open option for this. To configure it for this mode, you need to open the door approximately 90 degrees, and then tighten the specialized latch. After such simple actions, it will be possible to leave the door leaf open when opening it to the configured degree. A special latch will be activated in the device and will hold the door in this position for as long as necessary. If you need to close the door, you just need to pull it towards you, and it will be removed from the latch. If the door is not opened to the limit, it will move in the same way as always, without stopping.
- significant violations of the speed of the door leaf, deviation from normal parameters is eliminated by turning one of the adjustable screws in the required direction, which will vary from the speed of opening (closing) the door;
- it is possible to increase (decrease) the speed of closing by turning the second valve clockwise or against it;
- if you turn the adjustment nut in the required direction, you can make corrections to the force of the spring tension;
- turning the adjustable nut will correct the valve responsible for the opening angle of the door, as a result of which it will open smoothly, it will be easier to swing open.
We can safely say that door closers are practical and handy devices. They are easy to install and operate. All modifications are equipped with specialized valves, through which you can adjust the force and speed of opening or closing the door leaf. Closer options make it possible to keep the doors open or closed. But remember - you need to buy these devices from distributors who have the right to sell in accordance with the all-Russian classifier of types of economic activity.
How to adjust the door closer with your own hands, see the following video.
Closer - a mechanical device designed for smooth automatic closing of the door. Its use protects input structure from premature wear and preserves the microclimate in the building. Door closers are equipped with entrance and interior doors, in public buildings, between outbuildings, etc. How to adjust the door closer for comfortable operation of the mechanism?
Adjustment of the closer mechanism is carried out both during installation of the device and during its operation. The closing speed of the door with a closer can be reduced with a decrease outdoor temperature. This is due to an increase in the viscosity of the oil used in the fixture. Therefore, additional adjustment of the input equipment is carried out with the onset winter period. Various Models devices have their own temperature range for normal operation.
The frequency of adjusting the door closer also depends on the duration of the previous operation of the device, the massiveness of the canvas, the frequency of movement through the entrance. Adjustment of the closing mechanism should be carried out at least 2-3 times a year.
The principle of operation of the door closer
The main working part of the door closer is a spring placed in a metal case, which is filled with oil composition. The device works due to the interaction of the lever and hydraulic systems. When the door is opened, the spring is compressed, and the oil is transferred from one cavity to another. During the reverse movement of the web and the straightening of the spring, the oil acts as a kind of shock absorber and ensures a smooth process.
The system is equipped with valves, the setting of which determines the rate of oil flow from one compartment to another under the action of levers. Accordingly, their adjustment allows you to adjust the smoothness of the automatic closing of the door.
Some models have additional valves in the mechanism that provide other closer functions. For example, these include fixing the door in the open state and the latching function for better adjoining the leaf to the loot or snapping the lock.
The lever mechanism can be installed both from the inside and from outer side entrance. Outside, it is undesirable to mount the door closer due to changes in the ambient temperature and, accordingly, changes in the viscosity of the oil used in the mechanism.
Door closers according to the method of installation are divided into the following types:
- overhead, mounted on a canvas, box structure or in loops instead of a rod;
- hidden mechanisms in a box or canvas with sufficient massiveness;
- mounted in the floor in advance.
Device adjustment
To adjust and tighten the door closer mounts, you will need:
- pliers;
- spanners;
- screwdriver.
Before adjusting the closer front door, it should be found out whether external factors affecting normal work closer. It could be damage door structure, loop state.
The main parameter of the closer to be adjusted is the change in the speed of closing the door. If the belt moves too fast or too slow, the first valve is adjusted. The speed of movement is changed by turning the screw, respectively, counterclockwise or clockwise. But scrolling in no case should not exceed two revolutions. This may cause oil to leak from the sealed housing.
The second control valve is responsible for the "finishing" function. With its help, the speed of closing the door in a section of 10-15 ° is changed until the opening is completely closed. Tightening the screw increases the time until the final contact of the blade with the cut. The operation is performed when the canvas is opened at 90-100°.
Set the spring tension with the adjusting nut. Turning it clockwise increases the opening angle of the door, unscrewing it counterclockwise increases the effort to open the door.
Some device models are equipped with additional function hold open. If the passage needs to be left open for some time to move objects or ventilate the room, the door is locked at an angle of 90-100 ° by tightening the latch.
After such an adjustment, the device operates in normal mode only until the door is opened at a right angle. When plowing the canvas at an angle of more than 90 °, it will remain fixed. The fixation is removed by manual closing.
If adjusting the closer does not lead to the results you want, it may not have been installed correctly initially.
In this case, the device should be reinstalled according to the instructions, checking the verticality of the canvas and the health of the loops.
In order for the closer to last longer, it is not recommended to apply excessive efforts, helping the mechanism to work faster or slower. Do not block the door with foreign objects. If necessary, it is better to disconnect the levers for free movement of the blade.
Nowadays, more and more input and interior doors equipped with a guide. Thanks to him, the process of operating the door structure is greatly simplified. But if you want a closer to serve you long time it is important to inspect and repair it from time to time.
The process of its adjustment does not involve anything complicated. And although all these works should be carried out by employees of the company in which you ordered the door closer, even inexperienced people often cope with this work.
How to properly regulate
To achieve smooth closing and opening of the door, it is necessary to correctly install the door closer. And although there is nothing difficult in this, there is detailed instructions carrying out these works. There are also a number of general points to consider:
- Adjustment of the closing speed of the door structure. This technology is distinguished by its simplicity. Immediately after installation of the closer, it is necessary to check its operation. If it turns out that the closing speed is too high, then it is necessary to turn the screw clockwise. You only need to do this half a turn. Then check again. If the door closes, on the contrary, slowly, you will have to unscrew the screw. It is necessary to make such movements until you achieve the desired result. But what is the fittings for plastic windows and doors, you can see
- Throttle adjustment. In this case, everything happens in the same way as with the speed of movement of the door structure. But only this time it is necessary to adjust the speed and force of the door stroke for the last 15-20 cm of its movement towards the box. In addition, it is important to take into account that with the acceleration of the final clap, the impact force also increases.
- Intermediate stroke adjustment. To achieve perfect job closer, it is necessary to adjust it with the main course of the door structure. Although there are other options. For example, when the main closing speed of the door is very high, then by adjusting the bolt it is possible to reduce it halfway. The main task of this screw is to hold the door leaf in the desired position. Also, with the help of a screw, it is possible to adjust a slight delay of the door structure. This suggests that when the door is opened, it will stand still for a few seconds, and then close itself.
It is only important to know what installation options exist:
- On the side where the hinges are located.
- From the side opposite the hinges.
- Parallel installation. It is characterized by the use of a special corner for mounting on the side that is opposite to the hinges.
But what happens window fittings for plastic windows, and how to choose the right one. can see
Diplomat
These door closers allow you to achieve high-quality protection of the door structure, ensuring uninterrupted unlocking and locking of doors. There are many Diplomat models that allow you to get uninterrupted opening and closing of the door structure. Thanks to a wide range everyone can choose for themselves a suitable product, with which you can achieve reliable operation doors under specific operating conditions.
Diplomat
The process of adjusting the door closer Diplomat can be done on your own. To do this, you must adhere to the following recommendations:
- Tension spring adjustment. When this item is completed, it is possible to make it easier and freer to open the door structure. Implement this task You can use the adjusting nut.
- Closing speed correction and opening delay. This function is not present in all models of closers Diplomat.
- Adjustment of the speed of opening and closing the door. This can be done with a control valve.
But what happens the best fittings for plastic windows, you can see
Apecs
Door devices of this manufacturer work on the principle of hydromechanics. They do not allow the door to open with a sharp gust of wind or during a strong jerk. They function due to the accumulation of the opening or rebate force, as well as the built-in spring.
Door closer Apecs
Depending on the installation location, closers can be of the following types:
- floor:
- frame;
- upper located.
But what the hardware for maco plastic windows looks like, and what you should pay attention to when using it, will help you understand this
The most popular are the latest devices that have a top location. In this case, the installation process does not require any preparatory work, and the installation itself is notable for its simplicity.
You may also be interested in information on how the adjustment is made plastic fittings windows and how
To do this, you need to adhere to the following plan:
- Determine the opening angle and drill a hole.
- Fix the adjustable lever of the device to be installed on the door structure using a screw.
- Mount the main arm on the square shaft of the mechanism and fix it firmly using the screw.
- Fasten the device body to the door structure with screws. The nut, which is responsible for regulating the spring force, should be concentrated opposite the door hinge.
- Adjust the length of the lever so that it is perpendicular to the door frame, and then connect it to the main lever.
- Attach a small decorative cap, placing it under the square axis on the closer body.
- Adjust the speed of closing, opening, swooping, deceleration and spring force of the mechanism.
It will also be interesting to see how it is installed winter mode plastic windows, and how the fittings are adjusted.
The closer on the door is installed very simply, as well as its adjustment. Thanks to this unique device, it is possible to adjust the force of opening and closing the door, which has a positive effect on the service life of the door structure and is its protection from various damages.
If you are interested, then this article is for you.