Many gardeners who grow red currants have noticed ugly, ugly swellings on the leaves of this plant in the spring. In appearance, the signs resemble a disease, however, this is the "work" of an insect pest, namely, a gall aphid. The swellings on the leaves are called galls, hence the name of the pest.
The insect prefers to infect young foliage, which cannot but affect the health of the shrub and the future harvest. In the article, we will consider the causes and signs of damage to red currants by gall aphids, find out how you can cope with this problem, and what kind of prevention will help prevent the attack.
Description and harm
The gall aphid is one of the representatives of the numerous family of these insects. Currently, gall aphids can be found all over the world - in places where there are berry bushes. This insect prefers red currants, less often white and black. Since this insect is covered with hairs under magnification, it is sometimes also called “hairy” aphids.
Gall aphid on red currant
Aphids do not live on currants all the time, but only until mid-July: during this period, insects grow wings, and they fly away. However, damage to the bush has time to be inflicted by that time already serious. Note that the aphid does not fly far away - if there is a lot of weeds and weeds around the currants, then the insect will perfectly settle on these plants in order to fly back to the currant bushes in the fall for wintering.
On the video - what it looks like gall aphid on red currants:
Aphids attract other insects to the site, for example, ants. The latter use aphids as a "cash cow", while they themselves, in the meantime, also feed on the juice of berry bushes. On top of all the dangers, gall aphids often act as a carrier of dangerous diseases.
Note in addition that currant shoots affected by aphids are unlikely to catch up with healthy ones in growth, since their development slows down significantly. But how is the processing of currants from aphids after flowering, and which means should be used, indicated
Signs of defeat
What symptoms can indicate that the red currant is infected with gall aphid.
Infection with this pest begins with the apical buds, which bloom in the spring. But before the leaves appear, the insect usually fails to be found. When the green mass has blossomed, you can notice the deformation of individual leaves.
Galls are formed on the surface of the leaves - characteristic swellings in the form of dense lumps of an orange-red hue, ugly and disfiguring the entire appearance of the plant.
In addition, young shoots are deformed, as their growth stops, the petioles become crooked. If you notice these signs, do not be too lazy to look under lower part leaves - there it is quite possible to see the insects themselves. But how to deal with aphids on currant bushes, and what means should be used, is indicated in this
How to treat
Consider the most effective ways fight against gall aphids on red currants.
Mechanical method
If aphids have just begun their "work" of sucking currant juices, insects can be collected by hand. To do this, it is recommended to carefully examine the bush, and cut off all the leaves with the slightest hint of deformation. Pay attention to the lower part of the foliage - it is in these secluded places that aphids sit.
Those leaves that have been removed must be burned. And you certainly shouldn't throw them away on the territory of the site - in this case, re-infection is inevitable.
Traditional methods
Experienced gardeners often use various simple home methods for pest control and disease prevention. By the way, many of them are very effective, and at the same time they are also natural and harmless. Consider several popular ways to combat currant gall aphids. But how to use Coca-Cola against aphids on currants, and whether this remedy can help, is outlined
On the video - the fight against the pest:
Tobacco way
In this case, the currant bush is sprayed with a tobacco solution. To prepare the product, you need to pour 300 grams of dry tobacco leaves with a liter of water, leave for 2-3 days. Then the infusion must be filtered, add a concentrated solution of laundry soap in a volume of 100 grams (tar is also suitable).
The resulting concentrate must be diluted with water in a ratio of 1:10 before use, and then spray the bushes with it.
Infusion of marigolds
Aphids do not like these beautiful garden flowers very much. To prepare a solution in the desired concentration, you need to pour half a bucket of carefully chopped flowers with 10 liters of water (hot).
Mustard infusion
When spraying currants with mustard infusion, aphids in a hurry leave the bush. To prepare the solution, you need to pour 25 grams of dry mustard powder with a liter of boiling water, and then insist for 48 hours. After infusion, the concentrate is diluted with 10 liters of water, 50 grams of liquid soap is added to it, and used to spray currants. But how effective mustard is against aphids on currants, this will help to understand
Soapy
Almost all popular recipes for currant aphids include soap. But this substance can also be used separately. To prepare a soap solution, you need to stir 300 grams of laundry soap in a 10-liter bucket of water.
Coniferous
Take 200 grams of spruce needles, chop and boil for an hour in a liter of water. After boiling, the solution must be left for two days so that it is infused. After that, the solution is filtered, the thick is separated, and the remaining liquid concentrate is diluted with water in the amount of 10 liters. It is recommended to spray currant bushes with the resulting coniferous solution in order to get rid of aphids.
It is necessary to spray currant bushes in dry weather and in the evening so that the sun's rays do not scorch wet leaves. You need to spray carefully so that each leaf on the bush is moistened.
Fumigation
To get rid of aphids on currants, a method such as fumigation is very often used. This method is good in that clouds of smoke, unlike water, are able to penetrate into the farthest nooks of the bushes, and remove aphids more effectively. 
You can fumigate the bushes with burnt rubber, tobacco, or mushrooms. Carry out the procedure before the buds of the plant open, since then fumigation can already negatively affect the harvest.
For fumigation with rubber in old saucepan melt a piece of black rubber from the tire, and then place this steaming container under the currant bush. The bush is fumigated with tobacco and mushroom using a beekeeping smoker.
The fumigation procedure should last at least 3 hours. Only this duration guarantees efficiency.
Chemical and biological products
When the aphids have already significantly multiplied, it is useless to collect them by hand and use gentle folk methods... It's time to use more aggressive purchased funds chemical or biological origin.
In order for the fight against aphids to be effective, make sure that the drug you choose in the store belongs to one of the following classes:
- neonicotonoids;
- pyrethroids;
- organophosphorus.
But how to use laundry soap against aphids on currants, and how effective this tool is, is indicated in this
To have a long-term effect on currant bushes positive effect protection against aphids, it is recommended to use such chemicals like Aktelik, Maxi, Vofatox, Confidor or Calypso.
Important: if flowers have already set on the currants, it is better to use biological products that can cope with insects without harm to the future harvest.
Prophylaxis
What measures will help prevent the defeat of red currants by gall aphids.
Nitrafen
Processing currants in early spring with a solution of this drug will help protect the bushes from damage by aphids. Processing should be carried out before the buds bloom, and capture the bushes themselves, as well as the space around the near-stem zone.
Nitrafen
Note that this drug poses a danger to the leaves, as it burns them, so it can be used only for a limited period of time. For spraying currants, a solution of 3% concentration is used. For one adult bush, it is necessary to use half a liter of the resulting solution. But what can be used to treat a berry from a kidney mite on a currant, and what are the best means, it will help to understand this
Scarers
In order for aphids to ignore currant bushes, it is recommended to plant nearby plants such as marigolds, chamomile or calendula. Any flowers with a pungent smell will do. Aphids also do not tolerate the smell of tobacco, garlic and onions.
Marigold
Weeding
Timely destruction of weeds will help prevent the spread of the pest over the site. Eliminate deaf nettles (purse) especially carefully, as this plant is an intermediate link between the ingress of aphids on currants and their hatching from an egg.
Care
Red currants need timely feeding, watering and other care procedures. In this case, the shrub will be strong and healthy, and will be able to successfully resist pest attacks.
Watering currants
Regularly prune currants as well. It is important to remove old, dried branches, excess growth in time, since it is in plant debris that aphids can hibernate.
Scalding
Scalding the currant bush
So, we examined the features of the fight against gall aphids that affect red currants. As you can see, this insect poses a serious danger to berry bushes, and can also, by carrying germs and disease spores, pose a danger to the entire garden. Be sure to take preventive measures against this pest, and periodically inspect currant bushes for galls on the leaves.
Experienced gardeners know that if red streaks appear on the foliage surface on red and white currants, they are affected by hairy and red-gall aphids. When folding black currant leaves into a tube, there is a need to fight gooseberry aphids. Favorable conditions for the spread of the pest are the increased temperature and dryness of the air. About other reasons for the appearance of insects, the principles of their destruction, popular folk ways and preventive measures, read the article.
The result of the vital activity of insect colonies are yellowed and twisted leaves of shrubs, deformation of branches, underdevelopment of fruits and their further drying. Also, the appearance on the surface of the foliage of a characteristic sticky film is usually observed, having White color... It is also on the buds.
As a result, the culture's resistance to attack by viruses is reduced. Pests are most active in early summer. And the grown winged offspring are able to move through the air and continue to harm the bushes, piercing the leaves with the proboscis and sucking the juice out of them.
General principles
When processing the leaves, be sure to rinse them with water, blotting them with cotton swabs. It is customary to spray the bushes with soap solutions together with ash. Herbal infusions and decoctions, which exhibit excellent insecticidal and phytoncidal properties, have proven themselves well.
For greater efficiency, laundry soap is added to the broths at the rate of 35 - 45 grams per bucket of tincture water. Plant treatment should be scheduled for evening hours on dry days. Deserves the most attention inner side sheet plate. It is there that harmful insects most often settle. A week after the first treatment, it is customary to carry out the second.
Effective folk remedies
If a gardener found aphids on currants, what folk remedies should be used?
- The practical experience of many summer residents testifies to the effectiveness of a solution based on laundry soap. Preparing it yourself, take 300 grams of soap in 1 bucket of water. Beforehand, the soap must be crushed.
- An ash solution can be prepared. To do this, pour 300 grams of 1 bucket of liquid. After you boil the mixture, add no more than 50 grams of any soap available on the household.
- An excellent choice among others popular measures the fight will be the use of potato tops. It needs to be crushed, poured warm water and leave for 1 hour.
- Onions will also come to the aid of the gardener. It should be crushed in an amount of 200 grams, and then filled with 10 liters of water. When the mixture is infused during the day, you can start spraying the bushes.
- To prepare an infusion of garlic, you need to take 1 cup of it in chopped form. You will also need 1 liter of water. You need to insist such a remedy for 5 days. Shortly before the scheduled spraying, it is necessary to dilute the finished solution at the rate of 25 ml per 1 bucket of liquid.
- Good preparations of natural origin are infusions of tobacco and makhorka. They need to be taken in an amount of 400 grams, pour 1 bucket of water at room temperature. After 1 day has passed, strain the solution, dilute it in half with liquid, and add 50 grams of crushed soap.
- Another great remedy is pharmacy chamomile. It is required to take 1 kg for 1 bucket of water. Insist for about 12 hours, then be sure to strain. Dilute 1: 3 shortly before the planned treatment. To enhance the effect, it is advised to add a little simple laundry soap.
- Dandelions, which begin to appear everywhere with the arrival of heat, can be used to eliminate insects. You need to take 600 grams of flowers, pour them into containers suitable size 10 liters of water. After aging for no more than 3 hours, it is permissible to process shrubs with a ready-made infusion.
- A good folk remedy is obtained from the dry stems and foliage of the yarrow herb. It is necessary to prepare 1 kg of raw materials, pour boiling water and insist in a water bath for 30 minutes. Before processing, the infusion is diluted, bringing its amount to 10 liters. Then you should insist it a little more, and in a fairly dark place.
- Some gardeners use an infusion of horse sorrel. To do this, take about 400 grams of grass per 10 liters of water. Do not forget to strain the product before use.
- You can use celandine in the amount of 3 kg of fresh foliage. It needs to be insisted for about 1 day in 10 liters of liquid.
- It is also permissible to make a solution of 1 kg of capsicum with the addition of 0.5 kg of dry pepper. All components are poured with 10 liters of water. Before use, you need to dilute 0.5 cups of pepper solution in 10 liters of water.
- Sometimes a solution of tomatoes is used. You need to take 5 kg of fruit, add boiling water, then cook for no longer than 30 minutes. After straining, add soap. More ready-made product must be brought to 10 liters by adding liquid.
- Marigold flowers in the amount of 500 grams are recommended to be poured with 1 liter of water. Then they are left in a secluded place for several days. Do not forget to strain the infusion before use.
- Do not throw away any leftover citrus peels. It can be beneficial if 100 grams of raw materials are poured with 1 liter of water. After waiting 3 days, you can start spraying your currants.
- A decoction of alder leaves is also often used. They should be infused in an amount of 1 kg in 5 liters of liquid. After the solution has boiled for no more than half an hour, it must be cooled and can be used to treat shrubs.
Prevention of aphids
It is always better to do prevention than to be puzzled later. better remedy to get rid of insects. For prevention purposes, it is recommended to get rid of all weed crops under currant bushes in early spring. Planned sanitary pruning also helps, in which all branches affected by various ailments are subject to removal.
Experienced gardeners attract available methods beneficial insects, for which food is, for example, a gallic variety of a pest. These are well-known and peaceful ladybugs.
Scalding the bush with boiling water also gives an excellent result. To make beneficial insects want to settle on your site, it is advised to plant marigolds, yarrow, tansy and allisum near the currants. Some of the useful bugs prefer to live in crops such as buckwheat and dill.
Video "Effective control of aphids"
In this video you will learn about effective ways fight against aphids on plants.
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Currant is a rather unpretentious garden culture that bears fruit with tasty and healthy fruits.
Caring for her is easy and simple, although sometimes it is fraught with troubles and griefs in the form of aphids on currants. How to treat the shrub to save it from pests? Is it possible to take preventive measures to prevent their occurrence?
Before we find out effective ways to treat aphids on currants, let's find answers to such important meaningful questions: what does aphid look like and why does it appear on currants? What are the types of pests and how to recognize if a shrub is affected by them? Let's find out.
What is aphid
The body of insects is soft and uneven, without protective layers covered with small growths and fluff.
Pests are divided into two types:
- Leafy gall aphid.
- Gooseberry fruit aphid.
Danger of pests
It is important to do this as early as possible, since insects are able to multiply at lightning speed and quickly harm the shrub. How does this happen?
Each aphid specimen is equipped with a mouth proboscis, with which it pierces young greens or tender shoots in order to suck out the sap of shrubs. This happens throughout the warm season, from spring to autumn.
When there is not enough food, the aphids form wings, and they fly from the currant bush to the nearby weeds. However, in the fall, the malicious family will still return to “ Father's house”To start laying eggs. At this time, males appear, which fertilize females for further procreation.
Sucking vital juices from the stems, the pest colony oppresses the shrub so that it is not able to develop normally. Currant leaves begin to deform, the plant withers and dries up, stops bearing fruit and eventually dies.
How can you determine the damage to the bush in the early stages and help the diseased plant?
Signs of pests
First of all, it is necessary to regularly and carefully inspect currant bushes: aphids always hide on the inner (lower) side of the leaves.
What other signs should you look out for before starting a rescue operation? Here are some of them:
- the growth of seedlings has stopped for no reason;
- branches are bent and deformed;
- the shape of the leaves curls and distorts;
- with outside leaves swell, red or yellow spots form;
- in a large number dried shoots predominate.
What are the reasons for the appearance of aphids on currants (how to process and how to save the bush, we will learn a little below)?
Reasons for the appearance
To find out what preventive measures need to be taken to prevent the appearance of aphids, it is important to know the causes of its occurrence. They can consist of the following conditions:
Generic methods
- loosening the soil near bushes, destroying dry and dead shoots;
- elimination of weeds around currant seedlings;
- manual removal of pests from affected foliage (manually or with a water jet);
- attraction to garden plot insects that feed on aphids and other pests (for this, you can plant marigolds, tansy and yarrow in the immediate vicinity of currants);
- treatment of shrubs with home-made solutions or pesticide preparations.
Now let's discuss these methods in more detail.
Boiling water to help
In most cases, you should worry about the currant bush in early spring, before the blooming buds appear.
How to process currants from aphids in the spring? First of all, you can think about scalding the bush with boiling water. However, this must be done even when the kidneys are not swollen.
Where should you start? It is necessary to heat a lot of boiling water (several buckets or barrels), pour the water into an iron watering can and start watering.
This is not an easy task. Because scalding currants should start from the upper branches, and for this you will need to stand on a chair or bench. In addition, it is important to remember that you will need a lot of boiling water, since an average of eight to ten liters of water can go to one bush.
But the effect is worth it. Boiling water treatment will help kill not only aphids, but also kidney mites and other unpleasant pests.
Fumigation
And how else to treat currants from gall aphids? Fumigate the garden. The essence this method is that the affected shrubs are exposed to acrid, thick smoke, which is formed as a result of the combustion of various substances. Thanks to this, all uninvited pests die.
Fumigation can be done with rubber, tobacco or mushroom. In the first case, the lighted rubber is placed in an unnecessary non-flammable container and placed under each bush. A beekeeper smoker is used for tobacco or mushroom.
It would seem that fumigation is quite simple and easy method, however, it is important to remember some of the nuances:
- The process must be carried out in the evening when there is no wind.
- Allow at least three hours for fumigation.
- If a mushroom is taken as the main burned substance, then it should be a large, well-ripened raincoat.
In addition, the slow decay method is applicable only in early spring. But what if you discovered the pests much later? How to process currants from aphids after flowering?
Spraying with pesticides
There are several dozen types of synthetic drugs that can destroy huge colonies of harmful insects. When using these substances, several rules should be observed:
- It is necessary to apply the funds in several stages: before the buds appear, during flowering, immediately after flowering and after harvesting.
- It is necessary to use pesticides in especially neglected cases: when too many aphid colonies are found on the shrubs, when other methods do not work, and when pests reappear.
What specific insecticides can be used to treat aphids on currants? The more you learn about the intended remedy, the better. Before you buy a particular pesticide, it is important to collect objective reviews about it, as well as carefully study the instructions for use.
The most commonly used means are Karbofos, Akarin, Aktellik, Biotlin, Tanrek, Aktara, Decis Profi, etc. Some of them can be treated with aphids on currants in June. The more thoroughly you read the instructions regarding this issue, the better. Since not all preparations can be used during the fruiting period or immediately before picking berries.
Although each insecticide should be diluted according to the instructions attached to it, there are general rules spraying currants with poisonous solutions.
How to handle shrubs
Here are some specific tips for different types spraying:
- Dip each branch of currant into a bucket of diluted solution.
- Spray each shoot with a spray bottle (and even the soil under the bush).
- It is important to predict the weather conditions (so that there will be no wind and rain in the near future).
- Use protective equipment during processing: mask and gloves.
In addition to pesticides, there are other effective means, what can be used to process black currant from aphids. How are they different from chemicals? First of all, those that are safer for human health.
Folk methods of struggle
Before treating aphid currants with folk remedies, it is important to decide with what substance you want to fight pests. As practice shows, it is not necessary to choose only one method. To find out which remedy is most effective, you can alternate infusions made from different components.
Garlic infusion... Grind two large heads of garlic in a meat grinder, stir in a bucket warm water and let it brew for a day. With a strained infusion, treat the affected shrubs daily for two to three weeks.
Citrus infusion... Finely chop the frozen peel from 1 orange and pour 1 liter of boiling water. After cooling down, add two drops of liquid soap.
Infusion of celandine... Grind four kilograms of fresh grass, pour a bucket of water and leave for 24 hours.
Infusion of ash and wormwood... Pour half a kilo of finely chopped grass with five liters of water, add a glass wood ash and fifty grams of laundry soap. Let it brew for five hours. After that, stir the resulting infusion with water (in a ratio of 1: 2) and process the currants.
H chilli pepper... Finely chop one kilogram of fresh red vegetable, add ten liters of water and simmer for an hour. Then put it in a warm room for several days. After that, strain the infusion and mix with water (one glass of infusion for ten liters of liquid). If desired, grated laundry soap can be added to the finished solution.
Forecast
In addition, regular preventive measures mentioned in this article will be an important way to eliminate aphids. Then no pests can affect the health and fruiting of your currants.