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In early September, as soon as the lower heads of cabbage become the size of a pea, experienced farmers break off the tops of the plants and remove the leaves so that the cabbage gives all its strength to the heads of cabbage, and not to the stem stretching upwards.

The benefits and harms of Brussels sprouts have long been studied by nutritionists. The data obtained allow us to assert that this variety of vegetables can be safely used to organize a healthy family meal, and environmentally friendly fruits can be obtained on your own plot.

Growing temperature

One carrot.

Three weeks before harvesting, the tops of each bush are pinched, the rosette leaves are cut off. Decapation will allow you to get larger heads of cabbage, since all the strength of growth is directed to the final development of the fruit.

For seedlings to grow, a temperature of 18-20 degrees is required. The first shoots appear in 3-4 days. In some conditions, this will take a little longer.

Soil preparation

Dallik

This was the reason that he began to be grown all over the world. Due to the unpretentiousness of the culture, each gardener can get a good harvest on his own plot. But, for this you need to know how it is carried out.

To grow Brussels sprouts, you can build both a glass greenhouse and a film greenhouse without using any heating means other than solar heat. It is necessary to choose its location correctly.
Nutritional requirements for Brussels sprouts are the same as for regular white cabbage. But excessive fertilization makes its heads of cabbage friable, greatly impairing the taste. With sufficient compost, additional fertilization is usually not required.
If seedlings of Brussels sprouts are planted in the place where legumes, cucumbers or tomatoes were previously placed, then fertilizers can not be used - in the case when a sufficient amount of organic matter was applied to these crops.
Brussels sprouts are still not a frequent visitor to our gardens. Many are alarmed by its unusual appearance, not too similar to other varieties of cabbage. Meanwhile, her graceful little heads of cabbage have high taste and nutritional qualities and in many countries are considered an exquisite delicacy of autumn and winter period... And the frost resistance of most varieties allows you to get vegetables rich in vitamins directly from the garden for a long time.

If, before planting in open soil, organic fertilizers were ideal suitable option, then it is better to feed the crops themselves with minerals every week, apply nitrogen-phosphorus fertilizers.

You should not use this vegetable for people with gastrointestinal diseases, especially with high acidity and weakened peristalsis.

Freshly cooked minced pork - 400 grams. To reduce calories, you should take a mixture of ground beef and pork.

Joint landings

When a waxy shine is visible on the cabbage, and the leaves at its base begin to turn yellow and crumble, you can start harvesting. The fruits can be harvested at one time, when all the stems are cut, or in stages, sequentially removing the heads from the bottom of the bushes.

For the growth and formation of seedlings, the temperature regime is changed to 15-18 degrees. Such conditions can be achieved by placing a box with seedlings on a non-solar windowsill.

Growing seedlings

»- hybrid medium late cabbage. The breeders managed to obtain high keel resistance. Subject to the growing conditions in the Moscow region, you can get an excellent harvest.

Among all varieties of cabbage, it is Brussels sprouts that have the maximum content dietary fiber, vitamins and minerals. Ripe inflorescences contain up to 5% protein (which is comparable to legumes), more than a dozen amino acids, without which the normal life of the body is impossible.

The greenhouse should be placed in an area that is sheltered from the wind and as much sun as possible to facilitate plant maintenance. The transparent side of the lean-to greenhouse should be in the south, and the gable and arched side in the east and west. In addition, the lean-to greenhouse must be closed from the wind with north side... Growing cabbage can be done behind a shelter such as green bushes or a fence.

Like other types of cabbage, Brussels sprouts require regular watering and loosening. Promotes the growth and mulching of the soil under the heads of cabbage with any organic materials.
Brussels sprouts grow rather slowly - the growing season lasts from 140 to 160 days, depending on the variety and weather conditions. Therefore, gardeners often grow cucumbers, early tomatoes, lettuce and other vegetables in its aisles. Like other types of kale, it grows seamlessly alongside carrots, beans, spinach, beets, peas, beans, celery and rhubarb. At joint landings occupies a row, 45 to 50 cm wide, with the same distance between individual plants. But he does not like the neighborhood with potatoes and onions.
In the first year of its life, Brussels sprouts give a thickened stem, the height of which can be from 0.2 to 0.6 meters. On the stem, on long petioles, leaves with a bubbly surface are located different shades Green colour. In the leaf axils on the stem, more than fifty small heads of cabbage, resembling unripe walnuts, up to 4 cm in diameter, grow. It is they who are used for food - for making soups, side dishes, canning and pickling.

The stalk of the cabbage is tied to a support.

Following these recommendations, you can not only grow a great harvest, but also keep well and cook it deliciously. Share this useful article with your friends on social networks, and do not forget to subscribe to blog updates so as not to miss all new publications.
Spices, salt to taste. The composition of the spices is selected based on your own preferences.
If necessary, you can resort to growing technology. Cabbage is planted in well-moistened grooves in the greenhouse or in special boxes in the basement (at a temperature of 3-6 degrees).

Watering is moderate, the soil should not be too wet or dry. It is recommended to monitor the condition of the soil layer every two days, especially if the weather is hot and sultry outside.

Brussels sprouts care

If you pay attention to the vitamin composition, the main components are ascorbic and niacin. The concentration of vitamin C reaches 150 mg, PP - 98 mg, which exceeds identical indicators white cabbage... The inflorescences are rich in phosphorus, potassium, iron and magnesium.

Seedlings for planting should have 3-4 petals, for further development fruits.

Harvesting and storage

At the stage when the heads of cabbage begin to thicken, it is recommended to pinch the top bud to improve the quality of the crop. And in early September, the top is often cut off altogether, directing all the forces of growth to the earliest possible formation of heads of cabbage. But, when performing this operation, it must be remembered that frost resistance after it decreases somewhat.

Beans and beans protect this type of cabbage from aphids, and celery - from cabbage flea and whitefish caterpillars.

In the second year, like all types of cabbage, it blooms to give seeds that remain viable for five years.

Brussels sprouts varieties

If your place of residence is characterized by sharp drops temperatures (especially in the hot season), sow the seedlings in different time this will help you choose the optimal temperature regime for a good harvest.

Although Brussels sprouts rank among the cabbages, they are very different from other varieties both in taste and appearance, and in the requirements for its cultivation. Its main difference from its relatives is the presence of a large number (up to 70 pieces) of small heads of cabbage.

Vegetable oil - the ingredient is required for frying.

How to store the resulting crop? If growing is realized, the heads of cabbage are perfectly preserved directly on the stems. If cut with a shank, they are placed unprocessed in a dark, cool place, such as a cellar. To do this, they are buried in the sand. Optimum microclimate indicators - humidity 90%, temperature not higher than 0 degrees.

Planting is carried out after about 4-7 full-fledged leaves appear on the bushes. The optimal time is mid-May, early June. You should take care of the choice of the site in the fall. This should be a separate, well-lit place, where deep digging was carried out, mineral fertilizers were applied. m of land is used:

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Growing Brussels sprouts

Hercules

The specific taste and aroma is due to the content of mustard oil. Vegetable culture, a photo of which can be found in any culinary publication, is recognized as valuable dietary product, which can be used in clinical nutrition, including for persons with serious systemic disorders.

Features of the greenhouse for Brussels sprouts

The interior of the greenhouse is painted white to reduce the absorption of solar heat and ensure best care for Brussels sprouts. Because White color effectively reflects sunlight, while the air in the greenhouse heats up as much as possible. Growing seedlings in such a greenhouse is easy and convenient. Heat insulating materials in the design, they are used at the joints of frames and transoms in the form of strips, for example, roofing material, to prevent the ingress of cold air from the outside. Such agrotechnology helps to grow cabbage without diseases and pests. ”The heads of cabbage in the axils of the leaves begin to form at the end of August. But the main cut of ready-made heads of cabbage usually falls on the beginning of October. The standard ones should be dense and green. Since ripening does not take place at the same time, the harvest has to be divided into several stages. It is best to store the harvested heads of cabbage frozen, defrosting them just before use.It takes about 150 days from the emergence of seedlings to the readiness of the heads of cabbage for harvesting. Such a long growing season of this type of cabbage requires growing through seedlings. Experts call the beginning of April the most convenient time for sowing it in the middle lane.

The plant is unusually cold-resistant. Seeds start to grow already at two degrees above zero. And adult specimens can easily withstand frosts down to minus 10 ° C, after which they thaw and continue to grow. It is believed that frost is even good for them, helping to improve the taste of cabbage heads.

Select seeds carefully for planting. Too light (empty on the inside), small or damaged, or seeds without a glossy sheen will not work. This will allow you to grow quality seedlings.

Brussels sprouts are considered a real delicacy and one of the healthiest vegetables, they contain potassium and magnesium, complete vegetable protein, a lot of iron and a number of vitamins.

Brussels sprouts care

Onions and carrots chopped on a grater are sautéed for no more than 10 minutes in a moderate amount of vegetable oil. Cabbage inflorescences are dipped in brackish boiling water for 5-7 minutes. Minced meat is kneaded with spices, salt, meatballs are formed from it.

In an ordinary refrigerator, a vegetable is stored for about 30-45 days, for which it is placed in a bag with perforation. But, the best method freezing is considered. First, the inflorescences are kept in cold water for about 15 minutes, then in boiling water for 3 minutes. The cooled heads of cabbage are laid out in packaging bags and placed in the freezer.

No more than 6 kg of peat compost,

"- late-ripening variety resistant to pests and diseases. When properly cared for, mature buds look like golf balls.

The maximum benefit can be obtained from the fruits grown on your own plot. Such vegetables are environmentally friendly and can be stored for a long period without chemical processing.

The greenhouse is already laid in March-April. At the same time, it is advisable to use energetically valuable compost from organic waste or rotted manure, in other words, biofuel. It is transferred to a loose pile with holes filled with hot water. The earlier the greenhouse is laid, the higher the compost layer should be, which is necessary condition for successful cultivation cabbage. The height of the layer can be 40-70 cm. The compost is sprinkled on top wood ash, cover with an opaque film and leave for three days. Then peat or sawdust soil is poured and the surface is leveled with a rake. After that, mineral fertilizers are added, the amount of which depends on the presence / absence of nutrients in the soil and on the crop that is planned to grow.

By the beginning of November, the cabbage is harvested entirely, with the stem, chopping it down at the beginning of the root collar. Cut off the stem, it can be kept fresh for up to two months if placed in a plastic bag and kept in a cool room with a temperature of 0 - 1.5 ° C with an air humidity of about 90%.

You can grow seedlings at home, in a heated greenhouse, and on glazed loggia or balcony. The main thing is that at night it is possible to provide 5 - 6 ° C above zero, and during the day - from 15 to 18 ° C. And, of course, sufficient illumination. You can also sow under glass - three seeds per pot, about 8 cm in diameter.

The optimum temperature for growing Brussels sprouts is between +18 and +22 ° C. Already at + 25 ° C, plant formation begins to be delayed, which will certainly affect the quality of the crop. That is why climatic zones with long and warm autumn are considered the best for her. In some European countries, such as the Netherlands, this cabbage can be grown outdoors even in winter.

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Growing Brussels sprouts outdoors

Beneficial features

This is a biennial plant, in the first year of its life, a thick high stem (up to a meter) and large leaves with curved edges are formed. The heads of cabbage themselves are small, about 3 cm in diameter, up to 60 pieces per plant. For personal use, about 10 bushes are usually planted, this is enough for a small family. In addition, cabbage cannot be stored for a long time without special conditions. In the second year, the plant is covered with yellow flowers and forms small pods with dark seeds, whose life span is up to 5 years.

The meatballs are laid out on the sautéed vegetables and fried until tender, stirring occasionally. At the end, cabbage is added to the pan, the container is covered with a lid. The dish is left to simmer for 5 minutes, after which it is served under soy-sour cream sauce with herbs and garlic.

Brussels sprouts are a relatively young crop. This plant grows successfully in most of the country. Optimal conditions are created at moderate humidity and air temperature.

40 grams of superphosphate and ammonium nitrate,

Popular varieties of Brussels sprouts

The harvest can be obtained after the first year of cultivation. From one copy, from 30 to 90 inflorescences weighing 8-20 grams are collected. In the future, cabbage is covered with shoots that bloom and give seeds. Their collection and subsequent use to obtain seedlings contributes to the annual collection of their own harvest.

By its external characteristics, the culture is easy to distinguish due to the way it grows. Its stem stretches upward, reaching a meter height. Heads of cabbage form in the axils of the leaves on the stem, growing up to 7 cm in diameter (but more often 3-4 cm).

• Brussels sprouts are quite a cold-blooded plant, and the period of consumption of fresh produce can be extended by digging in the plants in the basement right from the roots. At the expense of those nutrients that are preserved in the leaves and stems, under favorable conditions, the formation of heads of cabbage will continue.Seedlings are fed twice. The first time when the second sheet is formed. The second - 7 - 10 days after the first. For the first time, dissolve in 10 liters:
• In the middle zone of the European part of Russia, this type of cabbage is recommended to be sown in the region of the second and third weeks of April, choosing areas that are well lit and heated by the sun and covering it with a film. Seedlings are planted in the beds in the first days of June, but no later than 10. Brussels sprouts were bred by Belgian breeders. This new variety immediately became very popular in European countries. Small heads of cabbage have an excellent nutty flavor and high nutritional value, which is why they are in high demand. If properly grown and cared for, Brussels sprouts can be a good source of income. amazing plant is considered one of the most unpretentious among its family, it can withstand temperatures up to minus 10 degrees. Most often, Brussels sprouts are grown as seedlings. it grows for a long time, about 5-6 months.
• The essence of this dish is the minimum amount of calories and an amazing richness of taste. V summer time it gives satiety without heaviness in the stomach, which is optimal in hot, sultry weather.The bushes are extremely cold-resistant - they are able to withstand short-term frosts and even frosts, down to -10 degrees. At the same time, too high temperatures contribute to the retardation of plant development and deterioration of the quality characteristics of the crop 20 grams of potassium chloride.
• Cultivation of a culture is possible only if all conditions are met. It is a light-loving plant that loves moderate watering. In dry weather, the intensity of irrigation should be plentiful.Cultivation of this group of plants in the open field begins with the selection of a variety. In the conditions of the Russian climate, the following varieties are widespread: Care for young seedlings is very important. It is necessary to properly water and regularly ventilate the seedlings of Brussels sprouts so that they do not get sick with a black leg. Agricultural technology involves feeding plants once or twice. The first feeding is carried out when the second leaf is formed on the seedlings. To do this, 20 g of urea, 10 g of superphosphate and 10 g are diluted in 10 liters of water potash fertilizers... After 10 days, you can make another top dressing. In this case, the dose of fertilizers should be increased by one and a half times. To prevent the plants from stretching, it is necessary to monitor the temperature in the greenhouse. To grow cabbage, it should not be very hot.

The most common varieties of Brussels sprouts are Hercules 1342, Gruntovaya Gribovskaya, Diabolo, Boxer and Low Hercules. And also an early hybrid of Franklin F1, which has a ripening period of about 130 days.

Growing conditions

- urea - 4 g;

Brussels sprouts can grow on any soil, even slightly acidic ones, although this increases the risk of keel disease. But to get a good harvest, you need a structured, organic-rich, dense yet breathable soil. On a poor and poorly cultivated plant, although it will grow, it will develop very slowly, tying heads of cabbage late. Like other cabbage, it prefers soil with high humidity, but it tolerates short-term drought more easily - a well-developed root system is able to extract moisture from deep soil layers.

This vegetable contains a lot of potassium, as well as vitamins A and C. In addition, scientists have proven that its use in food is an excellent prevention of cancer.

It should start in March. The seeds are sown in a shallow container in a slightly acidic environment to a depth of about 1 cm. Keep the distance between them about 3 cm to allow the seedlings to develop well. Their difference from other vegetables in planting temperature, the seeds will germinate well in the cold (from -2 to -5 C), without being placed in a greenhouse. In this case, she does not get sick with a black leg and does not stretch up very much, remaining strong and stocky. As soon as the first shoots appear, the temperature should be raised, but not very much (up to 10-15 C).

Getting seedlings

Brussels sprouts - half a kilogram. Fresh or frozen vegetables are acceptable.

• The soil for cultivation should not only belong to a certain type and acidity levels. The site must be structured and permeable. On the impoverished land, the culture practically does not develop and does not tie heads of cabbage well.
• Also, in the autumn, the land is enriched with lime or ash - 200 grams / 1m2.
• The nature of the soil is cultivated loam saturated with organic matter. In terms of pH, they can be neutral or slightly acidic. The stem reaches its maximum development at a temperature of plus 18-22 degrees, however, adult plants are able to withstand frosts, which is especially important for colder regions.
• The transparency of the greenhouse can be disturbed by condensation of moisture that forms when it comes into contact with the coating. At the same time, agricultural technology of Brussels sprouts can suffer from a lack of sunlight and excessive moisture and it will be difficult to grow healthy plants. It is recommended to use two layers of plastic to help keep warm and also to ventilate the greenhouse regularly.
• Varietal catalog of agricultural crops published by the Timiryazev Academy for middle lane Russia, recommends the early ripening variety Dolmik F1, which gives heads of cabbage weighing from 7 to 17 grams. And from the late-ripening, the frost-resistant variety Zavitka is offered. From sowing to technical ripeness, it takes 170 - 180 days. This cabbage is especially appreciated for its good taste and ability to form a large number of heads of cabbage. But at a time when their mass formation is underway, the plant is very demanding on moisture.

Planting Brussels sprouts outdoors

- superphosphate - 20 g;

• If Brussels sprouts are planted on a new garden that has not yet been used for growing vegetables, then for each of its meters it is necessary to add a bucket of humus, about half a glass of nitrophoska and two glasses of lime or wood ash. Another option:
• Nutritionists recommend including Brussels sprouts in the diet for people who want to lose weight. In terms of nutritional value, a decoction of these vegetables can be compared with chicken broth... You should know that such a product has a strong laxative effect, so people with weak intestines should not get carried away with it.
• Next important stage soil preparation for planting. The soil should be loose, so that it is dug up and loosened, fertilizers are applied in the process. Remember Brussels sprouts don't like heavy clay soils... If you have just such, you should add a mixture of manure, humus and mineral fertilizers to it when digging. At the beginning of spring, when forming the beds, bone meal should be added to them.

Butter - 50 grams.

The plant perceives low light negatively. It withstands short-term moisture deficiency well. The powerful root system of the bushes is capable of sucking moisture from the deep layers of the earth. As it grows, the planting consumes many nutrients. The introduction of potassium and nitrogen into the soil determines the development of large heads of cabbage.

In spring, the soil layer is dug up again and young shoots are planted in rows. A lump of earth should remain on the seedlings, that is, the shoot is carefully removed from the container in which it grew, after preliminary digging. A distance of 60 - 70 cm is maintained between each instance. The specified gap is observed from all sides.

To exclude the impact of pests and diseases, it is recommended to use resistant varieties, the considered growing conditions, and compliance with crop rotation. If you do not follow these rules, cabbage can be affected by aphids, scoops, whites, red-colored fleas, thrips, moths, bacteriosis.

Growing

Cassio

The area of ​​the ventilation openings should be 18-25% of the total area of ​​the structure. To increase the efficiency of air exchange, the holes in the greenhouse must be positioned in the direction of the prevailing winds, which will provide the best care for the plants.

The medium-early variety Rosella is also in demand. Its heads of cabbage reach technical ripeness 160 days after sowing. But their density and taste are very satisfactory.

- potassium chloride - 10 g.

Harvesting

- urea - 14 g;

The following hybrid varieties are suitable for growing Brussels sprouts:

Storing Brussels sprouts

Ideal precursors for cabbage will be plants that do not wear out the soil, roots or legumes, as well as some tomatoes or onions.

High fat cream - 250 ml.

Note to the gardener

Small heads of cabbage are successfully used to prepare broths that are not inferior in nutritional value to chicken ones. They act as the optimal, from the point of view of nutrition, a side dish for meat dishes and perfectly complement the prefabricated vegetable fries.

The shoots are firmly fixed in the ground by carefully tamping the earth against the stems.

Ideal predecessors are vegetable roots, legumes, tomatoes, pumpkin. Do not plant after the cruciferous family. This is due to the fact that both crops are susceptible to the same diseases and pests.

"- differs high yield and belongs to mid-season varieties. At least 60 heads of cabbage can be harvested from one plant.

Cooking recipes

Various devices help maintain a favorable microclimate in greenhouses. These can be containers with pebbles, gravel or any other material that can accumulate heat on sunny days, and then give it away. You can also use containers with water. During the day, water absorbs the sun's heat and prevents the air from overheating, and at night it keeps the air warm. But such painstaking care for Brussels sprouts is practically unnecessary. Brussels sprouts have a long growing season, which allows them to grow until the coldest days. Harvesting can begin in late October or early November.

Among amateur gardeners, the Hercules 1342 variety with a ripening period of 140 to 150 days is most common. The yield of 20 - 30 heads of cabbage, formed on the stem, can reach 300 g per plant. Plant height usually does not exceed half a meter. And the frost resistance is so great that this variety is harvested as the very last of the vegetables - at the beginning of November.

Brussels sprouts with meatballs

For the second:

Components:

• - superphosphate - 30 g;
• Early Franklin F1. Ripening period 130 days;
• The process itself is not much different from the cultivation of classic white cabbage, ready-made seedlings are planted at the end of May in well-lit areas of the garden, because the rate of ripening depends on it. At the same time, there are no special requirements for the soil. Cabbage can be grown on not very fertile soil.
• 30 + 40 grams of flour. For white gravy, plain wheat flour (pre-sifted) is used.
• The peculiarity of this variety is that it can be frozen, dried and pickled for the winter. In the dietary diet, Brussels sprouts can serve as an independent dish - cooking recipes will diversify the daily menu.
• Potted or cassette seedlings, which are less affected by the root system, take root best. Molds for this planting method are available at any flower shop.

Cooking principle

The growing season of a plant (the time it takes from sowing to harvest) reaches 180 days, which determines the effectiveness of growing by seedlings. To obtain it, you should adhere to these recommendations:

Brussels sprouts in spicy sauce

Growing cabbage involves constant watering and maintaining moisture.

Components:

• The unpretentious Brussels sprouts can be an excellent source of vitamins and minerals necessary for the body, especially at a time when the period of consumption of other fresh vegetables is already over.
• - urea - 2 g;
• - potassium chloride - 4 g;
• Medium Diablo F1. Ripens in 160 days;
• Much more problems may appear due to heat, frost-resistant, Brussels sprouts cannot tolerate temperatures above 25 C in such conditions, your crop simply will not form.
• Parmesan (finely grated) - 100 grams.
• This dish is appropriate for a lunchtime meal and can be served on its own for dinner. The cooking time will take no more than 45 minutes.

Sequencing

The care of a seedling culture is commensurate with the care that is organized for a simple cabbage. Before the formation of ovaries, watering is carried out quite often, 350 l / 10 m2 of area are used at one time. After the appearance of heads of cabbage, the rate increases to 400 - 450 liters.

Is everyone allowed to eat Brussels sprouts

The beginning of planting seeds is the end of March, the beginning of April. It is important not to miss this time, as the plant has a long growing season. Planting at a later date will not allow you to get a rich and full harvest.

Rosella

Watered Brussels sprouts properly in the morning. With the appearance of several leaves, watering can be increased. The frames in the greenhouse are opened first during the day, and then, when it gets warmer, and at night. This is done a few days before picking cabbage seedlings. Before sampling, the seedlings need to be watered especially carefully. Finished seedlings of Brussels sprouts should have 3-4 leaves and a well-developed root system. It is necessary to grow Brussels sprouts under conditions of constant watering so as not to reduce the yield. It is very hygrophilous and demanding on soil fertility. It is useless to grow it on poor soils, since the coots ripen late, or do not ripen at all. It is also impossible to grow Brussels sprouts in fresh manure. Cabbage in such soil immediately becomes sick with keel and dies.

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Growing Brussels sprouts at home and in the country.

Brussels sprouts cultivation - secrets, videos, photos, growing at home and in the open field

Brussels sprouts are usually grown in seedlings. To grow as many healthy and strong seedlings as possible, you need to use a greenhouse or semi-dark greenhouse. Sowing seeds is done between late March and mid-April, but it is better to start sowing Brussels sprouts in mid-March. Fertile, textured potting mixes work well for this. In open ground, seedlings are planted at the end of May. If the seeds are sown in boxes, then the distance between the plants should be 3-4 cm, and between the grooves - at least 6 cm. The boxes are placed in a closed greenhouse with a temperature of at least 15 degrees. Seedlings are formed already on the 4-5th day. The first time they do not need to be watered. When the first leaves appear on the seedlings of Brussels sprouts, it can be dived.

- superphosphate - 20 g;

- nitroammophoska - 0.5 teaspoon for each well during planting of seedlings.

Brussels sprouts growing, growing conditions and care

Late Boxer F1. The crop can be harvested after 170 days.

Plants must be planted at least half a meter from each other, so that during growth they do not shade the space to each other, and the whole crop is filled with juice evenly. Watering Brussels sprouts should be regularly and little by little, preventing the soil from drying out, but also not swamping the habitat with it. If you wish, you can fertilize the soil with a mixture of wood ash and humus before planting (0.5 liters of ash per bucket of humus is enough for 1 square meter of soil).

Garlic - 2 cloves. If you have an allergy, you can skip this component.

Frozen heads of cabbage - 300 grams. If there are fresh ones, you can take fresh ones.

Growing Brussels sprouts outdoors

During intensive growth, the plant is extremely responsive to the introduction of mineral fertilizers. When seven days have passed after placing the shoots in the ground, the first feeding is implemented. It is recommended to use nitroammophoska - for 2 holes, 1 tsp.

Place - boxes with soil mixture composed of peat, turf soil, wood ash, mineral fertilizers.​

"- practically does not yield to the previous one in terms of yield. An average of 50 inflorescences are obtained from the stem. The variety is mid-season, which is optimal for planting in the Urals and Siberia.

Secrets of growing Brussels sprouts

Agricultural technology of Brussels sprouts is similar to that of medium white cabbage, but Brussels sprouts are more demanding in terms of growing conditions. Seedlings are planted on 50-60 days according to the 70x40 scheme. When the coots reach a size of 1 cm, pinch the tops of the plants. Brussels sprouts are very cold hardy. Some of its varieties can withstand light frosts, but cannot withstand piercing winds. Therefore, for its cultivation, a site protected from the wind is always chosen. Caring for Brussels sprouts involves an abundance of light as the plant slows down at the slightest shade.

• For the cabbage crop to be large and healthy, its seedlings must be grown in a greenhouse or semi-dark greenhouse.
• - potassium chloride - 10 g.
• The fertilized bed is carefully dug up, leveled and disinfected with a solution of potassium permanganate - one and a half grams per bucket of water. Each square meter will require at least three liters to process. Good results are also obtained biological product Fitosporin, which should be applied a week or two before planting.
• Since it is a long-growing plant, growing Brussels sprouts outdoors is not possible without the use of seedlings. Saplings can be planted in the soil in early April.
• There are several tricks to achieve the best result:
• Salt, pepper - according to your own taste.
• One onion - White varieties are preferred.

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Brussels sprouts: care and cultivation in the open field

The second time fertilizer is introduced after the formation of the first ovaries. Top dressing composition: nitroammofoska, 25 grams potassium sulfate, double superphosphate, a bucket of water. Fertilizer is injected accurately, dosed, for which it is convenient to use a watering can with a special nozzle.

Useful properties of cabbage

Seedlings are laid to a depth of 1-2 cm. The deepening is easy to make with a finger.

The best varieties

Mulching is a prerequisite for growing Brussels sprouts. In September, the tops of the plants are removed to enhance the growth of coots. With this approach, the frost resistance of cabbage decreases. When using fertilizers, it must be borne in mind that a lack of nitrogen leads to yellowing of the foliage, and an abundance of mineral fertilizers makes the cocks loose and unsuitable for human consumption. To stop cabbage leaves turning yellow, you can add a small amount of horny flour to the soil. Also, the agricultural technology of Brussels sprouts implies the presence of a special net that protects plants from pests, for example, from cabbage flies.

• When building a greenhouse, various questions arise related to the choice of coverage, as well as ventilation, heating and irrigation methods, which are implied by the agricultural technology of culture.
• In general, the growing rules are the same as for cauliflower seedlings.
• During the growing season, this cabbage consumes a large amount of potassium and nitrogen, loves organic fertilizers very much. But it is not recommended to put fresh manure under it, since when using it, there is a delay in the formation of the crop, often accompanied by a deterioration in quality and presentation - the heads of cabbage become looser and are stored worse.

Growing technology

Between the rows of cabbage, it is quite possible to plant early vegetables, cucumbers or tomatoes. Because Brussels sprouts take a long time to grow, you will have time to harvest vegetables and save space in the garden.

Growing conditions for cauliflower seedlings

Already enough long time in vegetable markets, and in most supermarkets, you can observe an unusual type of vegetable. This peculiar and unique vegetable is Brussels sprouts. In terms of the amount of useful vitamins contained in it, it is in no way inferior to ordinary white cabbage, and in terms of taste it is in many ways superior to it. In addition, it is a very unusual and beautiful plant, which looks especially unusual during the formation of forks. What is this culture and how to grow Brussels sprouts at home?

General information

In fact, Brussels sprouts are one of the varieties of white cabbage and belongs to the species This is a cultivated plant, therefore, it is simply impossible to meet it in the wild. An unusual vegetable was bred in Belgium and named after Brussels farmers.

Cabbage gained general recognition first in Western Europe, Canada and the United States. In Russia, however, popularity came to her only in the middle of the 19th century. In our country, it is cultivated in limited quantities in the central regions. This vegetable is so frost-hardy that it gets along in almost any climatic conditions.

Description and appearance of cabbage

This vegetable crop is a biennial plant. Brussels sprouts grow (how to grow outdoors, we will consider later) in an extremely unusual way. First, a thick stem grows 30-100 centimeters high, in rare cases the stem can reach a larger size. There are large green leaves all over the stem. It is also considered normal if dark green spots with a purple tint are formed on the leaves. A small rosette of leaves forms at the top of the stem. In autumn, small cabbage forks are formed near each leaf. The diameter of each reaches from 2 to 5 centimeters. Fruits can be located very rarely, but they can and, conversely, stick around the entire stem. Up to 70 forks can grow on one stem. In the second year of its flowering, the plant does not bear fruit, but forms flowers with small brown seeds. Seeds of Brussels sprouts are able to maintain their germination capacity for no more than 5 years. Cabbage is able to withstand frosts as low as -10 degrees, which makes it the most frost-resistant of all types. Also given view cabbage is one of the longest viable species. The ripening period lasts from 120 to 180 days, which is why this species is more convenient to grow through seedlings.

How to grow Brussels sprouts from seeds

The very first question asked by a gardener who decides to grow this crop is: how and when to plant it? How to grow Brussels sprouts in your garden? The seeds of this plant begin to grow at a temperature of +2 degrees. It is best to grow seedlings in early April. It is advisable to do this in a heated greenhouse. If there is none, then glazed balcony perfect for this. The most optimal sowing medium - high humidity air, as well as a temperature of +3 or +4 degrees at night. Sprouts begin to appear on the fifth day.

So how to grow Brussels sprouts seedlings from seeds? Before sowing, the seeds must be well warmed up in water for 15 minutes. The recommended water temperature is no more than 50 degrees. Then they are lowered into cold water for 1 minute. Then the seeds are kept for 12 hours in a solution rich in microelements, then washed in running water and placed in a refrigerator for a day. After that, the seeds should be dried and you can start planting. In order for the seedlings to be strong, the seeds must be sown at a distance of at least 5 centimeters from each other, and the planting depth should be no more than 2 centimeters. After one true leaf appears on the seedlings, the plants are dived and then transplanted into separate boxes. Further, the seedlings should grow from 35 to 60 days. Then it is transplanted into open ground. Usually by this time from 4 to 7 leaves grow on each stem. If you plan to grow Brussels sprouts in your country house, it is important to properly prepare the soil.

The soil

Cabbage loves processed and nutrient-rich soils; in putrid soils, seedlings will give poor germination. Exactly therefore, before growing Brussels sprouts outdoors, fertilize the soil before planting in the spring. It is best to use ammonium nitrate or urea for these purposes. Concentration - about 20 g per 1 m.It is best suited for planting sunny place since cabbage doesn't like shade. It is recommended to plant plants in two rows, rather far from each other. Best Distance between plants - at least 50 cm.

How to care for Brussels sprouts

When considering how to grow Brussels sprouts, it is important to familiarize yourself with the features of care. Two weeks after planting the plants in the beds, it is recommended to carry out the first fertilizing with mineral fertilizers. It is recommended to apply 1-2 liters of fertilizer under one stem.

The second feeding is carried out when forks are formed on the stems. Water the cabbage abundantly. For this culture, abundant watering is especially necessary during the formation of small forks. In order to prevent pests from attacking cabbage, it is recommended to sprinkle ash on the ground once a week after loosening. In order for the cabbage crop to be richer, the upper rosettes should be cut off. This is best done one and a half months before the harvest ripens. Let's consider further how to grow Brussels sprouts so that pests do not attack it.

• observe crop rotation;
• process the seeds before sowing (the method was described above);
• compliance with all the rules for caring for cabbage.

Harvesting

It is recommended to start picking cabbage in late September or early October. You don't have to cut all the forks. The crop is harvested as it ripens. Ripe cabbage has a rich green color and reaches a diameter of 3 centimeters. The weight of one fork can reach from 10 to 15 grams.

There is another way of harvesting: the finally ripe forks are cut along with the stem, then placed in wet sand and harvested in a dark place. In this form, cabbage can be stored for up to 4 months. Cut forks are best used immediately or frozen. Scientifically proven fact - frozen heads of Brussels sprouts do not lose their nutritional value.

Varieties of cabbage varieties

Considering the technology of how to grow Brussels sprouts, it is worth stopping at the most popular varieties. They can be divided into three types:

• early cabbage (Cassio, Dolmik, Rosello (Germany), Franklin, Rudnev, Isabella);
• mid-season cabbage (Boxer, Perfection (Russia), Hercules, Riesen);
• late cabbage (Gruniger (Germany), Ketskill (USA), Curl).

Harm and benefits of cabbage

Brussels sprouts are a treasure trove of beneficial vitamins and minerals. It is rich in vitamins B, PP, C, E, protein, also in huge amount contains amino acids and enzymes, folic acid and fiber. By the amount of vitamin C, cabbage is many times ahead of black currant. And it contains exactly the same amount of riboflavin as in natural cow's milk.

Cabbage is a dietary and hypoallergenic product, so it can be safely given to young children, as well as to the elderly. Due to the high content of folic acid, the vegetable can also be eaten by expectant mothers. Brussels sprouts juice has a diuretic and choleretic effect. It also has anti-inflammatory, expectorant, immunostimulating effects. Cabbage helps fight obesity, enhances intestinal motility, and also relieves heartburn. Cooked cabbage broth is in no way inferior to chicken broth.

Brussels sprouts are not recommended for people with weakened pancreatic function, as there is a high risk of developing hypothyroidism. Cabbage can cause bloating in people with Crohn's disease and gastrointestinal problems.

Nutritional value of Brussels sprouts

The calorie content of Brussels sprouts is 35 kcal.

Nutritional value per 100 g: proteins - 4.8 g; fats - 0.3 g; carbohydrates - 3.1 g.

The use of cabbage in cooking

Cabbage is prepared easily and quickly. Forks are most often used whole for soups, side dishes and main courses. The vegetable can be boiled, fried, stewed. At the same time, he will not lose his taste properties. Unusual shape and small size cabbages provide chefs with an abundance of options for decorating different side dishes and dishes. Of course, it is best and healthier to eat cabbage raw, but if the taste seems unusual, then you can resort to heat treatment or frying.

In order for the color of the forks to remain as bright as in their raw form, it is recommended to fry it over high heat, without covering it with a lid. When choosing a cabbage in a store, it is recommended to pay attention to its top leaves. As a rule, they should be bright green in color, without dark spots on the leaves and stems. The stem should be light color and clean. If the top leaves on the cabbage have turned yellow, it is not recommended to eat such a product. It is best to choose cabbage forks of medium size, with a diameter of about 3 cm. They should be dense and shiny, usually the most delicious and juicy. Larger heads of cabbage can taste bitter.

So, we examined the cultivation of Brussels sprouts, care, varieties. As already written above, with a competent approach to business and strict adherence to all instructions, the culture can be planted on your site. The process will not require any large costs, but the result of the work done in the form of a useful harvest will clearly please.

Brussels sprouts come from large family cabbage and, of course, a direct relative of the usual varieties of cabbage, broccoli, cauliflower and other varieties of these very tasty and healthy vegetables. It belongs to the subspecies of stakes, that is, it grows with a fairly high trunk (up to 1.0 meter), from which large, powerful leaves grow, and the trunk itself, in its best yielding form, is all simply covered with miniature heads of cabbage firmly sitting on it (from 20 to 40 pieces) - they are eaten in the most varied culinary form and when preserved for future use. According to its vegetative requirements for caring for it, it is also just a cabbage, but less demanding for watering, and in regions with a mild climate it is ready to share its vitamin product even in winter until spring.

Attracted by the fact that Brussels sprouts successfully grow in various climatic zones because it belongs to cold-resistant vegetables. Modern breeders have bred undersized hybrids of Brussels sprouts, in which the heads of cabbage develop and ripen at the same time, which is convenient when harvesting. Heads of this type of cabbage are well stored in homemade freezer- they can be used if necessary, including in various culinary combinations as a vegetable vitamin product, especially in seasons of shortage of fresh vegetables.

It is interesting and useful to know that when correct selection sorts of Brussels sprouts, it is possible to organize a "green conveyor" for collecting cabbage from September and even to April. Its most delicious fruits are considered to be harvested from October to February.

Here it is important to look at the ripening times, especially for summer residents of the northern regions of Russia, so that before the severe frosts your cabbage has time to give a friendly harvest of its heads of cabbage. Early varieties Brussels sprouts are not observed, and the following are mid-late: Vertus, Rosella (from Germany); Machuga (from Poland). Late varieties: Groniger (from Germany), Meso nano and Long island (from Italy), Ketskill (from the USA). And seed-profile shops are already waiting for you with zoned and elite hybrids of this wonderful cabbage.

The site for planting Brussels sprouts should be well lit and the soil is dense enough to support the tall and heavy trunks of this plant with the root system. On light soils, hilling will be needed to form additional roots and, possibly, a garter on supports.

The soil for such a cabbage must be selected fertile. In late autumn, they dig deeply into this area with manure. Before planting in May (a week before it), the land is dug up again and a full balanced mineral fertilizer is applied at the rate of 60-70 grams per 1 M2. Care for seedlings and planting them in open ground is carried out according to the same rules and at the same time as prescribed for white cabbage.

Seedling preparation

The best time for sowing seedlings is March - early April. In the early stages, seedlings of Brussels sprouts should be grown in greenhouses. Its seeds are planted to a depth of 2-2.5 centimeters and they need to be sown sparsely. Row spacing of at least 15 centimeters to avoid thickening, and seedlings will grow healthy and stocky.

In order to obtain a remontant (extended in time) fruit formation (such an experience has shown itself well in gardening practice), the seedlings are placed quite spaciously when planting in the ground: 90 X 90 centimeters, which will allow you to get a higher yield, make it more convenient to care and harvest itself, when it comes to tall varieties.

When breeding dwarf varieties of Brussels sprouts, seedlings are planted according to the scheme: 75 X 75 centimeters. The planting holes should be of such depth that the plants could be buried so that the lower leaves are at the level of the soil, which should be compacted, watered abundantly and mulched, eliminating cracking of the soil.

An attractive advantage when growing Brussels sprouts is that, like all other types of cabbage, it does not need frequent watering. It is necessary to water it only during dry periods. The long period of development of this type of cabbage provides for periodic and systematic weed control, loosening and feeding.

When the heads of cabbage become dense, reaching the size of a walnut, they are cut off. Collecting fruits should be started from the bottom of the plant, and then ripe heads are removed to the very top.

Pest and disease control

Measures to combat pests and diseases affecting Brussels sprouts are associated with a long growing season and an extended harvest of the heads of cabbage that ripen at different times.

It is necessary to systematically and carefully monitor possible emergence aphids that penetrate the heads of cabbage too quickly and spread widely throughout the planting. In addition, this vegetable attracts sparrows and pigeons, which cause significant damage to the crop. For protection from birds, it is convenient to use a net that can be placed on the stakes of the support for the plants themselves. It is better to store the harvest of Brussels sprouts frozen, and harvest as needed for food, if climatic and other conditions permit.

Benefit for health

This type of cabbage has long been known for its beneficial qualities for humans:

• It is an excellent source of plant fiber, so important for improving intestinal motility;
• it contains a storehouse of vitamins A, E, C, and group B, which is quite rare for the vegetable series;
• heads of Brussels sprouts contain the necessary the human body Minerals: potassium iron, calcium, magnesium, manganese, phosphorus, and even omega-3 fatty acids not found in other vegetables.

With such a vital useful qualities, Brussels sprouts have long been a member of the healthy and. It is quite possible to recommend it for consumption by people who have health problems to one degree or another:

• the presence of iron in this vegetable, combined with vitamin B6, makes it useful for anemia and its prevention;
• the presence of trace elements potassium and magnesium in Brussels sprouts will help in normalizing blood pressure;
• the presence of a high calcium content in this vegetable will be useful for the strength of the teeth and human skeleton;
• experts believe that the presence of antioxidant indole and other useful substances in the entire cabbage family gives this vegetable row the right to be considered a unique prophylactic agent even against oncological diseases;
• various useful compounds contained in cabbage, capable of synergistic interaction, will help regulate blood circulation, which has a positive effect on cardiovascular activity and the prevention of inflammatory diseases due to the presence of sulforaphane;

It is impossible to overestimate, because the dietary fiber of this vegetable both feeds and heals, simultaneously having an anti-inflammatory effect on its mucous membrane; prophylactically protects the colon from cancer.

The amino acid glutamine contained in the juice of Brussels sprouts, which is able to have a very mild and soothing effect on our digestive organs, provides a significant benefit for the entire digestive tract: it produces gentle detoxification and regeneration of ulcers. For therapeutic purposes, in consultation with your doctor, take small amounts of fresh cabbage juice, possibly mixed with carrot and celery juice, to improve its taste.

The nutrients available in this cabbage, including protein and complete enzymes, can become an energetic plant stimulant, give a boost of vivacity. Brussels sprouts were also evaluated in gynecology, because with a high content of folates (vitamin B9) in its composition, it is possible to have a positive effect on the development of the fetus in pregnant women, as well as to prevent neurological defects in its development (spina bifida, for example). The important role of Brussels sprouts and other types of cabbage in the fight against excess weight has long been recognized: high level protein and low - fat, the richness of nutrients in its juice and fiber preserve the energy saturation of the cells of the body, which prevents the painful feeling of unquenchable hunger.

Storage method for Brussels sprouts

For those who live in a private house and can remove ripe rosters from the garden as needed, the fact that the fruits of this cabbage are not even afraid of snow and, due to a long vegetative process, retain all their useful and taste qualities, helps a lot. But if the dacha is far from you, as in my case, and you need to remove the entire crop at once, such a storage method as freezing the product is perfect.

The technology for freezing Brussels sprouts is quite simple, although it will require some painstaking from you. To begin with, we need to remove the heads of cabbage from the trunk, rinse them and peel them of external leaves - this way we will prepare them for blanching (scalding with boiling water). The next step is to cut the base of the stump crosswise, thanks to which the boiling water will bring out the unpleasant bitterness. Now you can blanch.

Before you pack the cabbage into sachets or freezer containers, dry it well, you can put the cabbage heads on towels. Frozen Brussels sprouts are perfectly stored and do not even lose their appearance when defrosting. You will be able to prepare delicious and healthy meals regardless of the season.

Brussels sprouts first became known in Belgium, from where they later penetrated into Germany, Holland and France, after which they spread throughout Western Europe. Today, the cultivation of Brussels sprouts is carried out in almost all corners of the world, and in many respects this trend is explained not only by the unpretentiousness of this culture, but also by delicious taste its fruits, and the amazing range of vitamins and minerals they contain. So how to grow Brussels sprouts and what recommendations should you follow to get an excellent harvest?

Varieties

Particularly widespread and popular with modern summer residents got varieties:

Rosella is a mid-season and fairly productive variety (up to 50 heads of cabbage per stem);

Dallik is a mid-late hybrid with good yields and high keel resistance;

Cassio is another mid-season and high-yielding variety(up to 60 heads of cabbage on one copy);

Hercules 1342 is a late-ripening variety that is resistant to diseases.

It is quite simple to distinguish this plant from other crops: unlike other representatives of the Cabbage family, it does not grow in breadth, but upward, reaching a height of 1-1.2 or more meters. On its long stem in the axils there are small, with Walnut, heads of cabbage with a diameter of 2.5-7 cm. For their resemblance to rosebuds, this culture in Holland and Germany is often called "rosenkol" - pink cabbage.

One specimen may contain from 30 to 90 such spherical fruits weighing from 8 to 20 g. The top of the plant is usually crowned with a lush rosette of green or gray-green leaves with poorly cut or smooth edges. In the first year of cultivation, Brussels sprouts form the already mentioned heads of cabbage, in the second - it is covered with flowering shoots, after which it blooms and gives seeds.

Brussels sprouts: growing and caring for it

The described culture is quite demanding on the soil and the area of ​​its growth. The best place for it is considered to be fertile, cultivated loams with low acidity or neutral pH. As well as for the white cabbage and other representatives of this family, this plant is assigned a well-lit place on the site (due to a lack of light, the heads of cabbage often do not have time to fully develop before frost).

The best predecessors are legumes, root vegetables, pumpkin crops, early tomatoes. All cruciferous plants are the worst (due to the increased risk of transmission of common diseases and pests). Taking into account the fact that the duration of the growing season for Brussels sprouts is 160-180 days (about six months), its cultivation is carried out exclusively by seedlings.

How to grow Brussels sprouts from seeds: getting seedlings

Seeds are laid to a depth of 1-2 cm. Seedlings appear 3-4 (less often 8-10) days after sowing. The optimum temperature for seed germination is + 18 ... + 20 ° С, for the growth and formation of young plants - + 15 ... + 18 ° С.

Throughout development, the seedlings are watered as needed, making sure that the earth in the boxes does not dry out, but is not excessively flooded with water.

Transfer to a permanent place

When the bushes get stronger, and 4-7 true leaves are formed on them, young plants are planted in the soil - this is usually done from May 15 to June 5.

Previously, since the fall, taking into account the layout of the personal plot, a separate, spacious and well-lit place is allocated for them (do not forget that for the full development of each bush, at least 1 square meter of food space is required).

Next, an instruction on how how to grow brussels sprouts, provides a standard list of recommendations for autumn preparation plot for planting seedlings, namely the fulfillment of conditions such as:

Deep digging of the site;

Introduction of mineral fertilizers into the soil: 5-6 kg of peat compost are applied per 1 square meter of land, 1-2 st. tablespoons of ammonium nitrate and superphosphate, 1 tbsp. l. potassium chloride. Additionally, it is required to add ash or lime in the fall, based on the calculation: 200 g of any of the specified components per 1 sq. M.

In the spring, the site is dug up again, but no organic fertilizers are applied, so as not to provoke a delay in the formation of heads of cabbage or their painful deformation. Young plants with a lump of earth on the roots are planted in rows, keeping a distance of 60-70 cm between them in each direction. When planting, the ground near the trunks is carefully tamped so that the growing shoots are securely fixed in the ground. It is important to note here that cassette and potted seedlings take root best in a new place, in which the root system does not suffer during transplantation.

Caring for Brussels sprouts is almost no different from the rules for growing white cabbage - with the only exception that the "Belgian" is a little less demanding for watering due to its strong and well-developed root system.

Watering during cultivation in the open field is carried out approximately 8-10 times, based on the norm of 350-400 liters of water per 10 square meters. meters for one watering before the beginning of the formation of heads of cabbage, and 400-450 liters after their appearance.

Twice a season, young plants are fed with mineral (not organic!) Fertilizers, to which this culture is very responsive. The first feeding is done a week after planting the seedlings in the ground. In this case, use a nitroammophoska at the rate of 1 tsp. for 2 holes. The second time, the elongated bushes are fed during the period of tying the first heads of cabbage. The following composition is prepared here: 25 g of double superphosphate and potassium sulfate + nitroammophoska are dissolved in a bucket of water. About 1.5 liters of the specified solution are poured under each plant.

With the onset of September days, i.e. about 3-3.5 weeks before harvest, the top of each plant will need to be pinched, and the rosette leaves will be cut off. Thanks to this method (the so-called "decapitation"), the fruits that form on the stem will be larger. The signal for harvesting is the yellowish color of the leaves at the base of the heads (the leaves first turn yellow, and then crumble), as well as the appearance of a waxy sheen on the fruits themselves.

The crop can be harvested at a time, simply by cutting off the stems, or divide the harvesting process into 2-3 stages. In the latter case, the collection of heads of cabbage begins from the bottom of the plants, breaking out the formed fruits with your fingers. You can also resort to growing, simply by transplanting the cabbage into the greenhouse or by moving it to the basement, planting it in boxes or grooves with well-moistened soil. Growing up is carried out at temperature conditions+ 3 ... + 6 ° С. For long-term storage, the fruits are not removed from the stems.

The separated fruits are recommended to be stored in a cool place, without peeling or washing off the protective plaque from them. Before eating and preparing dishes, it is advisable to dip Brussels sprouts in boiling water for a few minutes.

Brussels sprouts come from Belgium, from where this plant spread to Holland, Germany and France, as well as to other countries of Western Europe.

This cabbage is high in nutrients and tastes good. Dense small heads of Brussels sprouts are used in the preparation of first and second courses, and they can also be pickled for the winter.

Brussels sprouts varieties

All varieties of Brussels sprouts are subdivided into early-maturing, mid-maturing and late-maturing.

Mid-season Brussels sprouts:

• Rosella - has a good yield (up to 50 heads of cabbage are harvested from one stem);
• Cassio - is characterized by a high yield (up to 60 heads of cabbage).

Late-ripening varieties:

• Hercules 1342 - resistant to diseases, is the most common, frost-resistant;
• Dallik - characterized by high resistance to keel;
• Curl is a variety of domestic selection, frost-resistant.

Early maturing varieties:

• Franklin F1 - ripening period 130 days;
• Dolmik F1 is the best variety, taking into account the peculiarities of growing Brussels sprouts in Siberia and the Urals.

The stalk of the cabbage reaches 40-60 cm, depending on the variety. Cabbage heads of Brussels sprouts are green-yellow, can reach a mass of up to 20 grams, and up to 0.5 kg are harvested from one specimen (the yield depends on the variety).

Features of growing Brussels sprouts

In order to get a good harvest of heads of cabbage, the cultivation of Brussels sprouts must be carried out taking into account the exactingness of the crop to the soil and the place of growth. planted in fertile loams with neutral or low acidity pH. For the cultivation of Brussels sprouts, it is well taken away, because due to a lack of light, the heads of cabbage on the stem will not have time to form and gain weight.

This type of cabbage should be planted after root vegetables, legumes, early tomatoes and pumpkin crops. In order to prevent many diseases and especially keels, Brussels sprouts are not recommended to be planted after crucifers.

Features of growing Brussels sprouts in Siberia and the Urals

The growing season for Brussels sprouts lasts 160-180 days, therefore, in the middle latitudes, this crop is grown only by seedlings.

For seed germination, 3 degrees of heat is enough, and when it rises to 20 degrees, shoots appear on the 4th day.

A soil mixture composed of sod soil with the addition of and is poured into the seedling boxes. Garden land for growing seedlings of Brussels sprouts is not used to minimize the risk of pest and keel infestation. Seeds are laid out in holes to a depth of 2 cm. You can sow cabbage for seedlings from the second decade of April. If there is no space, seeds for seedlings can be sown under a film in a place well warmed by the sun.

Water the seedlings of Brussels sprouts as the soil dries up in the box. It is important not to overflow, otherwise the seedlings will disappear. When 4-7 true leaves are formed on the plant, the seedlings are ready for transplanting into open ground.

Planting of seedlings of Brussels sprouts is carried out taking into account weather conditions (from May 15), and for the regions of Siberia and the Urals, the dates are shifted to early June.

Ideal for growing Brussels sprouts will be the ridge on which they grew last year, or crops of the legume family. When transplanting cabbage seedlings, you do not need to add fertilizer to the hole, since the ridge has been prepared in the fall. If there was no autumn dressing, 2 weeks before planting, a bucket of humus, half a liter of chalk or ash, 100 g is introduced into the soil. nitrophosphate. The soil with fertilizers is dug up, leveled and spilled with an additional solution of potassium permanganate (1.5 grams of substance is taken in a bucket of water). This is a good prevention of keela and other cruciferous diseases.

Seedlings of Brussels sprouts are carefully removed from the box, keeping a clod of earth.

Planting is carried out in rows, maintaining a distance of 60 cm between the plants. The soil around the stem is compacted so that the wind does not tilt the plant. Best of all, cabbage seedlings, grown or grown, take root, since during transshipment a clod of earth retains its shape.

Since Brussels sprouts develop for a long time (almost six months), the beds with this crop can be used more rationally by planting cucumbers, early tomatoes, lettuce and other vegetables and herbs in the aisles.

Care

After planting the seedlings, you need to provide proper care for the Brussels sprouts. It is practically the same as for cauliflower, only you do not need to huddle.

Watering... Over the entire growing period, Brussels sprouts are watered 10 times, spending 10 square meters planting 400 liters of water before the formation of heads of cabbage on the stem, and 450 liters - during their growth.

Top dressing... During the season, seedlings are fed twice with mineral fertilizers. Organics are not used as food for this type of cabbage.

1. The first time Brussels sprouts are fed a week after planting in open ground. A teaspoon of nitroammophoska is consumed for 2 holes.
2. The second feeding is carried out for already grown plants, when the rudiments of heads of cabbage begin to appear on the stems. As a top dressing, a solution is used: 25 grams of nitroammophoska, potassium sulfate, etc. are dissolved in 10 liters of water. Before top dressing, the soil is shed with water, and then top dressing is applied. For the second feeding, you can use the following fertilizer composition: 30 grams of potassium chloride, 40 grams of superphosphate, 2 grams.

Pinching... In September, when 3-4 weeks are left before harvesting, the top of the Brussels sprouts is pinched, the rosette leaves are cut off. This is a decapitation method that promotes the growth of heads of cabbage.

Harvesting... The fact that the heads of Brussels sprouts are ready for picking will be indicated by their color of the first leaves of the heads. They turn yellowish, after which they crumble. A characteristic waxy luster appears on the fruits themselves.

Growing Brussels sprouts - video