The room with the pool is very specific due to the presence of a large amount of water vapor in it. Moisture condenses on surfaces with a lower temperature, as a result of which the processes of corrosion, rotting and the formation of fungus begin. In the room with the pool, the windows fog up, moisture accumulates on the objects located there. Eliminates all these inconveniences high-quality ventilation of the room with the pool.
Why is pool ventilation necessary?
The characteristics of the water and air in the room with the pool favor the evaporation of water from the bowl, it is impossible to stop this process. Moisture settles on interior items and various structural elements, which leads to their damage. A well-designed and installed ventilation system will remove all air vapor from the room.
The second negative factor from water vapor is the discomfort of people in the pool. Humid air negatively affects the respiratory system and psychological state. The third factor is damage to the electrical equipment in the pool. Even glass-covered ceiling lights suffer.
Ventilation systems for the best effect are equipped with air dryers. Among all the varieties of ventilation systems, there are two most common:
- Supply and exhaust with heat recovery
- With separation of inflow and outflow of air.
Supply and exhaust ventilation system with heat recovery
This type of exhaust system works in one block. At the stage of purchasing all the necessary materials, this system is expensive, but during operation it is more economical than flow ventilation. Benefits of using:
- Does not require a lot of space for installation. All components are located in one block, and therefore occupy a smaller area than ventilation with separated elements. Ideal for small pools and therefore often used in private homes.
- During operation, the unit has a reduced energy consumption due to the presence of a heat exchanger. This device saves up to 50-70% of energy, since the supply air is heated by the exhaust gas, but does not mix with it. That is, the temperature in the room is kept at the same level due to its own heat reserve. Due to this, the required power of the motor used is reduced by 2-2.5 times.
The pool ventilation system of the supply and exhaust type contains the following elements:
- Supply and exhaust fan.
- Filter for purification of incoming air.
- Double valve that blocks the passage of cold air during system shutdown.
- Heat recuperator.
- Inlet air heater.
The supply and exhaust ventilation of a pool with a heat recuperator is in some cases equipped with an automated controller for indicators of the amount of water vapor and temperature. Also, in addition, devices are installed that distribute heated air to other rooms and an air dryer.
Ventilation with separation of air inlet and outlet
This system is separate, the air inlet and outlet is produced by different ventilation system elements. The equipment in this case is cheaper than for the first type of ventilation, but during operation it will require high costs. Also, separate ventilation has rather large dimensions and is not so convenient for use in small rooms.
Flow ventilation of the pool is characterized by a separate supply of fresh air into the room with the simultaneous removal of already humidified air to the outside. The equipment of this type of ventilation takes place at the stage of general construction work on the construction of the pool. Its main element is a fan built into the exhaust ducts. Air supply is carried out using the following equipment:
- An air intake device equipped with a valve that does not allow cold air to enter the room during system shutdown.
- Filter that purifies the incoming air.
- Inlet air heater.
- Fan for air injection.
- Control unit for maintaining the temperature level and the volume of incoming air.
Ventilation automation
The automated system exercises full control over the ventilation system and regulates its functions. The work performed by the automated system:
- Keeps the humidity and air temperature at a given level, as well as the performance of the ventilation system itself.
- At specified intervals, it enables or disables individual structural elements of the system or its entire system as a whole.
- Notifies you of emerging emergencies and system problems.
- Tracks the sequence of all operations taking place in the system.
- Provides protection for the system as a whole and its individual components, protects water heaters from moisture freezing in them, voltage drops, etc.
- Communicates ventilation with the "smart home" system.
Norms of air parameters in the pool
The ventilation system is selected according to certain indicators that are observed in the room with the pool. When creating a safe and pleasant environment in the room, the following numbers are maintained:
- Humidity is not more than 65%.
- The temperature ratio of air and water does not exceed 2°C in favor of air.
- The temperature indicator of water is kept up to 32 ° C.
- The gas flow leaving the ventilation does not exceed a speed of 0.2 m/s, since higher values create a draft that is felt by the skin.
- The normalized value of air exchange is 80 m3 / h per person in the room. But during the design it is allowed to use not this figure, but the calculated value.
The norms allow a difference in the amount of incoming and outgoing air in the size of half the air exchange rate of the pool. Here, however, the gas flow rate is taken into account. When calculating the project, the number of decibels of noise in the room is also taken into account, its maximum threshold is 60 dB. Natural ventilation does not create the parameters described above in the pool, therefore the room is necessarily equipped with a mechanized ventilation system.
The nuances of developing a ventilation project
When creating a project for a ventilating structure of any type, the functional characteristics of the structure itself are taken into account to provide it with the specified conditions, and negative factors affecting the structural elements of the structure. One of the very first harmful substances is condensate. Its accumulation on the surface of the ventilation shaft will cause corrosion and damage to equipment. To avoid this, the shaft is isolated or electrically heated valves are used. Also, the ventilation shaft is supplemented with a drip tray for collecting moisture.
Pool ventilation systems of any type and size must be designed to operate at a lower capacity to conserve energy during pool downtime. Accordingly, it is necessary to equip a device with increased power so that ventilation can effectively cope with its functions when there are a lot of people in the pool. These add-ons are optional, but help to save energy during round-the-clock operation, while the efficiency of the system will not drop. This addition is especially relevant for private houses, in which the equipment is used much less frequently than in public pools.
The most important rule when calculating the project is taking into account the area of the room, calculating the values of the air exchange rate and air flow, and the presence of a room heating function. Supply and exhaust ventilation of the pool is multifunctional and solves all problems. It has various structural elements - a filtration system, a heater and a fan. This leads to the performance of all of these functions. Pool ventilation is mounted separately from the main house system. Reduce the evaporation of water from the pool by screening it for a period of inactivity.
How to develop a pool ventilation project
As mentioned above, when pool ventilation is being designed, the calculation is carried out taking into account air humidity of 65%, but in practice this value is often reduced by 15-20%. This is due to the tactile sensation of increased moisture. If the ventilation system is equipped correctly and provides the necessary humidity, condensation and discomfort are still noticed. As a result, the functional characteristics of ventilation change, while the described phenomena disappear, but the humidity indicator does not correspond to the declared standards.
When calculating the project, air consumption is taken into account. Special formulas and tables help to determine the required air exchange at the existing temperature index and the area of the water space of the pool.
All indicators that are taken into account in the calculation:
- The total size of the body of water.
- The size of all bypass paths.
- The size of the entire room.
- The average outdoor air temperature in winter and summer.
- Water temperature.
- Air temperature in the room itself.
- The average number of visitors to the pool.
- Taking into account the fact that the streams of warm air tend upward due to the smaller mass, it is necessary to take into account the temperature index of the air under the ceiling.
When independently calculating the ventilation project for the pool, the following calculations are also carried out:
- They take into account the flow of heat from bathing people, external solar exposure, bypass paths, lighting, from the water itself.
- The flow of moisture from bathing people, the water surface, and from bypass paths is taken into account.
- Air exchange is calculated on the basis of moisture and total heat, the normative air exchange is taken into account.
According to the standard of the Society of German Engineers, air exchange is calculated depending on the area of \u200b\u200bthe water surface, its temperature index, and total humidity
air and functional features of the pool. For calculations, the formula is used:
W= exFxPb-PL, kg/h. Here:
- F - the total size of the water surface of the pool, m2.
- Pb - indicator of water vapor pressure in saturated air, taking into account the temperature indicator of water in the pool, Bar.
- PL - indicator of water vapor pressure at a given temperature and humidity, bar.
To enter the pressure indicator in kPa, take into account that 1 bar = 98.1 kPa.
e in this formula - the evaporation coefficient, kg (m2 * hour * Bar), determines the functional features of the pool. For different types of pools, it is equal to:
- The water surface covered with a film - 0.5.
- Still water surface - 5.
- Small construction with a small number of visitors - 15.
- A public use structure with an average swimmer activity score of 20.
- Design for places of active entertainment and recreation - 28.
- Structure equipped with water slides and with the formation of waves - 35
The calculations are guided by the release of moisture during the use of the pool, this creates a margin of safety for the entire system. To calculate the air exchange in the pool, use the formula: mL=GWXB-XN, kg/h, this is the formula for calculating the mass flow. Volume flow is determined by the formula: L=GWrxXB-XN, kg/h. Here:
- L - volume flow rate of incoming air, m3/h.
- mL - mass flow rate of incoming air, kg/h.
- GW is the volume of all evaporating moisture in the room, g/h.
- XN - moisture content outside the room, g/kg.
- XB - indoor moisture content, g/kg.
- r is an indicator of air density at the temperature regime inside the room, kg/m3.
The outdoor moisture content tends to change with the seasons. This change reaches 2-3 g/kg in winter and 11-12 g/kg in summer. Practitioners are guided by an indicator of 9 g / kg, because the seasonal change in this indicator is not long in time. As for the value of XB, it is taken a little more than the calculated one, since in the summer season the amount of condensate that appears is insignificant.
During the installation of ventilation, all air ducts are carefully sealed and insulated. The air flow is not directed to the surface of the water. A small ventilation system is installed between the main and suspended ceilings. If a ventilation system is installed in the room, then the use of an air conditioner in it is not recommended.
The favorable atmosphere of the home pool is achieved not only by heating, water heating, but also by high-quality ventilation. It is necessary to create the necessary humidity and temperature conditions in the room, to prevent the formation of mold, fungi that cause severe infectious diseases, to preserve the finish, and to have a comfortable pastime.
Types of ventilation used
As a rule, home pools are located on the ground floor of the building, have a small area of the water surface. Less often - in the basement or basement floors.Without the installation of special equipment in rooms with a pool, it is not realistic to maintain a comfortable and safe microclimate. The applied mechanisms and units must ensure the exchange of air masses, which does not pose a threat to human health, both in terms of air humidity and temperature conditions.
To solve a whole range of tasks to maintain the desired microclimate in a room with a home pool, to prevent the penetration of excessive moisture into other parts of a residential building or cottage, 3 options for ventilation systems are used.
Forced
Natural ventilation for rooms with high humidity is not used due to its inefficiency. The most commonly used option is forced supply and exhaust ventilation, which is distinguished by its sufficient performance and the ability to use various additional equipment.The main task of this ventilation option is to guarantee maximum aeration. When the system is running, air masses are directed along the walls to the ceiling, providing air circulation at a minimum speed over the water surface of the pool and around the perimeter of the entire room. This contributes to:
- no moisture condensation on the ceiling and walls;
- reduction of evaporation from the surface of the pool;
- improve bather comfort.
In addition to normalizing the state of air humidity, supply and exhaust ventilation removes unpleasant smells of dampness, giving it a feeling of freshness. The installation of additional automation allows the regulation of the ventilation process in relation to the mode of operation of the pool.
The disadvantages of this ventilation option include the operation of the entire system in the summer season, when it is not always possible to achieve standard indicators for room humidity.
Supply and exhaust with additional dehumidification
Devices for reducing suspended moisture in the air without proper ventilation do not give the expected effect. Only in joint application it is possible to achieve the required indicators of air humidity - the main criterion for an indoor home pool.Pool dehumidifiers can be:
- wall-mounted, installed in a room with a pool;
- cassette or channel, installed in utility rooms.
Experts recommend using both options for dehumidifying the air at the same time, which gives a good positive effect. Relatively low cost with high efficiency are the main advantages of dehumidifiers. But as often happens, the system does not always cope with "duties" in hot summer weather.
Combination of ventilation, dehumidification and air conditioning
The most effective method of this combination to maintain the specified parameters of humidity and temperature in the pool. Supply and exhaust ventilation is operating normally. Peak loads include dehumidifiers and air conditioners.Climatic units, consisting of ventilation, dehumidification systems and air conditioning devices, are switched on and regulated by automation, which selects the set humidity parameters and, if necessary, turns on one or another system. In the cold season, the humidity is regulated by a dehumidifier, and air exchange is controlled by ventilation.
The presented video explains the need for a ventilation device for a room with a pool, and why it is impossible to achieve high-quality ventilation by simply opening windows:
Options for ventilation schemes in the pool
A professionally designed and installed ventilation system in the pool of a private house should completely remove all water vapor and maintain a comfortable indoor climate.The supply and exhaust ventilation system in the pool is of 2 types:
1. With heat recovery.
The whole system is manufactured in one block, which takes up little space and is more economical in operation. Thanks to the recuperative unit, energy savings are up to 75%, since the supply air is heated by the exhaust air without mixing with it. This helps to maintain the temperature in the pool due to its own heat. The power of the used power plants is reduced by 2 times in comparison with the use of separate ventilation.
Such systems are equipped with the following mandatory equipment:
- air filter;
- heat recuperator;
- inlet air heater;
- supply and exhaust fan;
- a system of 2 valves that blocks the access of cold air when the system is turned off.
2. With separation of supply and exhaust air masses.
The injection of fresh air and the removal of exhaust air is carried out by separate energy systems through their own air ducts. Such systems are larger and require increased operating costs. In a home pool, in the absence of a special room for its installation, it is not rational to use this ventilation system due to its size.
Both directions work synchronously: one pumps atmospheric air, the second removes the spent air through a channel equipped during the period of general construction work. On the supply side are mounted:
- filter for cleaning the incoming air;
- atmospheric purified air heater;
- suction fan;
- control unit for the volume of intake air and its temperature regime during the heating period.
Air dryers
In home pools, dehumidifiers are more often installed, where it is impossible to install a bulky inflow-outflow system. The air, getting into the installation, heats up and returns to the pool, moisture - condenses and is removed.The types of dehumidifiers used in swimming pools are divided into 3 groups:
- Wall open type. Are established on a wall after completion of finishing works in the pool room.
- Wall hidden type. Mounted in the next room. They are connected to the pool through the provided opening in the wall.
- Stationary. To install this type of equipment, a separate room adjacent to the pool is required. They have increased power. Are applied in systems of the forced-air and exhaust and combined ventilation.
The last 2 types are envisaged only during the period of design work.
The presented video shows examples of the use of dehumidifiers for swimming pools, the principle of their operation, the need for installation:
Combined systems
Combined units perform several functions, have rather bulky equipment mounted in a separate room. Such equipment is called climatic, as it maintains the optimal operating mode in an indoor home pool, regardless of weather conditions.Applied equipment in combined ventilation:
- supply and exhaust fans;
- recuperator;
- Air Dryer;
- air filtration system;
- air heating equipment;
- valve system;
- automatic control unit.
Features of the installation work
The development of a design solution for a ventilation device in a room with a pool is carried out by qualified engineers, taking into account all the necessary parameters. At this stage, not only the most efficient ventilation option is calculated, but also its economic feasibility is substantiated.The pool ventilation system is best done independently from the ventilation of the entire individual house or cottage.
Work on the ventilation device begins to be carried out during the execution of general construction works: channels are arranged, strobes are laid. Ventilation shafts are carried out under the ceiling of the room with subsequent lining with finishing materials.
Air ducts are mounted from plastic or metal profile pipes made of galvanized sheet metal. The latter option is used in the case of using air ducts for heating the room.
The duct scheme is mounted so that it is possible to regulate the direction of the air flow throughout the room evenly.
It is not advisable to place the power supply in a room with high humidity, it is better in an isolated room. In the absence of such, you can use the space of the attic floor.
The piping system must have free access for annual preventive measures - cleaning of air ducts.
The reliability and high-quality productivity of the pool ventilation system is laid at the stage of developing a working project, which should take into account all the nuances of future operation. According to the laws of physics, warm air masses rise up, and condensation forms on cold surfaces.The equipment can be installed in the adjacent room, under the bowl of the reservoir, on the wall. Supply ducts are often placed along the perimeter of the room, to quickly remove moist air upwards, where the exhaust ducts are located. In this case, it is necessary to take into account:
- compliance with the volume of incoming and outgoing air contributes to the absence of drafts;
- special types of grilles reduce the intensity of the movement of air masses without disturbing the rate of air exchange in the room, which is important for the places where bathers stay;
- if there are windows in the room, the air supply should be carried out under the windows, preventing the formation of condensate on the glass;
- exhaust air ducts are always mounted above the supply air ducts, preferably under the ceiling, ensuring high-quality removal of moist air;
- the space between the false ceiling and the main one must be ventilated to prevent the formation of colonies of mold and fungi;
- the flow of forced air should not pass over the water mirror, because this reduces evaporation from its surface;
- the system should have 2 airflow control options: automatic and manual.
Atmospheric air temperature affects the total energy consumption for its heating and equipment performance. Using automatic temperature control, you can significantly improve the rational use of electrical energy.
It is better to entrust the design and installation of the ventilation system to specialists of the appropriate profile. This will save money not only, but also during operation.
Security Criteria
As with all construction and installation work, when installing an air exchange system in an individual residential building or cottage, specific rules must be followed:- Each employee must have personal protective equipment, special shoes and clothing.
- Workplaces for the production of a particular type of work must be fenced, preventing people not involved in the installation from entering the work area.
- The work area must be lit.
- Unauthorized workers should not be under the mounted air ducts at a height.
- Welding work is carried out by employees with appropriate qualifications.
- After completing the work cycle, the power tool must be switched off and de-energized.
- It is forbidden to carry out work on the installation of equipment at a height without securing and additional insurance of stepladders, scaffolds.
- Performance of outdoor high-altitude work in ice and rain is prohibited.
- All installation work of the duct system must be carried out in pairs.
Neglecting the arrangement of ventilation systems in pools invariably leads to an increase in humidity, the appearance of fungus and the creation of an unhealthy microclimate in the room. The accumulation of condensate damages the finish and destroys the structural elements of the building.
Agree, the prospect of a premature overhaul will please few people. Thoughtful ventilation of the pool will help to prevent the negative impact of high humidity - the system provides air exchange within the limits of sanitary and hygienic standards.
The issue of organizing ventilation must be resolved at the stage of designing the premises. In the article, we reviewed typical schemes for arranging a ventilation system for indoor pools, described effective ways to control humidity, and provided recommendations for developing a project and choosing climate equipment.
During the construction of public and private swimming pools, sometimes they do not pay due attention to the ventilation of the halls, considering them to be non-residential premises.
However, it is there that, without proper arrangement, harmful fauna and flora are born, carrying a real threat to the practically unprotected organisms of bathers and swimmers.
Image gallery
Many of the buildings currently under construction, both industrial and residential, have very complex infrastructures and are designed with the greatest emphasis on energy efficiency. Therefore, it is impossible to do without installations of such systems as general air ventilation systems, smoke protection systems and air conditioning systems. To ensure the efficient and long service life of ventilation systems, it is necessary to design and install a high-quality general air ventilation system, a smoke protection system and an air conditioning system. Installation of such equipment of any type must be carried out with the obligatory observance of certain rules. And according to the technical characteristics, it must correspond to the volume and type of premises in which it will be operated (residential building, public, industrial).
Of great importance is the correct operation of ventilation systems: compliance with the terms and rules for preventive inspections, scheduled preventive repairs, as well as the correct and high-quality adjustment of ventilation equipment.
For each ventilation system put into operation, a passport and an operating log are drawn up. The passport is drawn up in two copies, one of which is stored at the enterprise, and the other in the technical supervision service. The passport contains all the technical characteristics of the system, information about the repairs carried out, copies of the as-built drawings of the ventilation equipment are attached to it. In addition, the passport reflects a list of operating conditions for all components and parts of ventilation systems.
According to the established schedule, scheduled inspections of ventilation systems are carried out. During scheduled inspections:
- Defects are identified, which are eliminated during the current repair;
- The technical condition of ventilation systems is determined;
- Partial cleaning and lubrication of individual components and parts are carried out.
All data of the planned inspection of ventilation systems are mandatory indicated in the operation log.
Also, during the working shift, the on-duty operational team provides for scheduled overhaul maintenance of ventilation systems. This service includes:
- Start-up, regulation and shutdown of ventilation equipment;
- Supervision of the operation of ventilation systems;
- Monitoring the compliance of the parameters of the air environment and the temperature of the supply air;
- Elimination of minor defects.
Commissioning of general air ventilation systems, smoke protection systems and air conditioning systems
The stage of commissioning is a very important stage, because the high-quality work of ventilation and air conditioning depends on commissioning.
During commissioning, the work of the installation team is visible, and the parameters specified in the project are checked and compared with the parameters of the equipment with those specified in the project documentation. During the inspection, a complete check of the technical condition of the installed equipment, the distribution and uninterrupted operation of adjustment devices, the installation of control and diagnostic devices, and the identification of errors in the operation of the equipment are carried out. If deviations are detected that are within the normal range, then the readjustment does not occur, and the object is prepared for delivery to the customer, with the execution of all documents.
All masters of our company have a specialized education, certificates in health and safety, rich work experience and have all the necessary documents and certificates.
At the stage of commissioning, we measure the air flow velocity in the air ducts, the noise level, approbation of the quality of equipment installation, adjustment of engineering systems in accordance with the project parameters, certification.
Start-up tests and adjustment of ventilation and air conditioning systems must be carried out by a construction and installation or a specialized commissioning organization.
Certification of ventilation systems
A technical document drawn up on the basis of a check of the working condition of ventilation systems and equipment, carried out using aerodynamic tests, is called certification of the ventilation system.
SP 73.13330.2012 "Internal sanitary systems of buildings", updated version of SNIP 3.05.01-85 "Internal sanitary systems" regulate the form and content of the ventilation system passport.
Obtaining a ventilation system passport, in accordance with the requirements of the above document, is mandatory.
Upon completion of the installation of ventilation systems, the customer receives a passport for the ventilation system.
A passport must be obtained for each ventilation system.
The passport is indispensable for the registration of purchased equipment, for the correct operation of such equipment, in order to achieve the necessary sanitary and hygienic air parameters.
In the period established by law, this document is provided by the control and supervisory authority. The receipt of this document is an indisputable proof in resolving disputes with the relevant authorities.
Obtaining a ventilation system passport can be carried out as a separate type of work, consisting of a set of aerodynamic tests. The conduct of such events is regulated by the following regulations:
- SP 73.13330.2012;
- STO NOSTROY 2.24.2-2011;
- R NOSTROY 2.15.3-2011;
- GOST 12.3.018-79. “Ventilation systems. Methods of aerodynamic tests”;
- GOST R 53300-2009;
- SP 4425-87. "Sanitary and hygienic control of ventilation systems of industrial premises";
- SanPiN 2.1.3.2630-10.
From the vast area of the water surface of the pool, water constantly evaporates, droplets settle on the ceiling, windows and walls. In such a humid and warm environment, mold and fungus pathogens feel great. What can not be said about the visitors of the pool. Significant damage is also done to structural elements. Condensation does not just look unattractive, it gradually destroys finishing materials.
Increased humidity in the room leads to the following consequences:
- metal structures are covered with rust;
- fungus develops.
- plastered surfaces swell and collapse;
- the painted parts fade, become stained;
- the conductivity of insulating materials increases, there is a possibility of electric shocks.
That is why ventilation systems are a must in swimming pools. If we are talking about water parks or indoor sports pools, additional dehumidification is usually required.
Air humidity is one of the most important indicators that determine the quality of ventilation. Humidity is the amount of water vapor per unit volume of air. High humidity makes it difficult for people to breathe. But too dry air in the pool is also a minus. Intensively evaporating, the water cools the bodies of swimmers, causing discomfort.
When designing the ventilation of the pool, the mode of its operation, the climatic conditions of the area and the wishes of the customer are taken into account. The peculiarity of the ventilation of pools is that the design parameters are significantly influenced by the temperature of water and air.
The microclimate of the swimming pool
The maximum amount of water that air can take in at a given temperature is called saturation moisture. An increase in air temperature entails an increase in the level of this indicator. The level of moisture in the air is determined by the mass in grams divided by 1 kg of air. If the saturation humidity threshold is passed, the excess settles on the walls, glass, and ceiling.
Before making ventilation in the pool, it is necessary to reduce the evaporation of moisture, for which a certain combination of water and air temperature is achieved.
The air temperature is 1-2 degrees higher than the water temperature.
The minimum amount of moisture evaporates, which means that less powerful equipment is needed for pool ventilation. When the air and water temperatures are equal, the saturation point is reached with an air humidity of 100%.
But in order for people in the pool to feel comfortable, the humidity should be from 50 to 65%. This indicator can be achieved only by means of a mechanical ventilation unit for the pool.
Evaporation is somewhat reduced if the surface of the water is covered with special blinds. Covered water almost does not evaporate and does not cool due to evaporation.
For comparison:
- 2.3 liters evaporate from an open mirror of water per hour;
- from closed - 1.2 liters per hour.
That is, resource savings are ensured during the operation of the pool.
Ways to reduce humidity in the pool room
It is impossible to completely prevent the evaporation of moisture in the pool. But it is quite possible to reduce it by installing a dehumidifier, supply and exhaust ventilation, or a combination of both methods.
Reducing air humidity can be carried out in two ways:
- condensation;
- assimilation.
Moisture condensation in the pool
The air is forced through the dryer where it reaches its dew point temperature. Moisture condenses, after which the air is heated to the desired temperature and returned to the room.
Such installations are good for ventilating a pool in a cottage, where it is impossible to implement an inflow-blowing system. The design is equipped with a hygrostat, which starts the compressor when the humidity reaches a certain reading. As soon as the humidity drops, the hygrostat stops the compressor. The fan may continue to rotate.
Condensing type dryers are:
- Wall-mounted, which are hung on the walls. They can be installed in a pre-finished room;
- wall hidden. All the equipment is hidden in the adjoining room, only the fence grate goes into the pool room. It is necessary to plan such a pool ventilation system in a private house at the construction stage;
- Stationary. These are powerful installations that require a special room. They can be included in the supply and exhaust ventilation system for the swimming pool of the sports complex. The stationary dehumidifier allows mixing 1/5 of the air volume. Air supply and exhaust are provided by a system of air channels. Having equipped the system with a duct heater, we get full ventilation.
Assimilation of moisture in the pool
Supply and exhaust systems work according to this principle, using the property of air to absorb water vapor. With approximate calculations, a 5-fold air exchange per hour is laid.
Often, in temperate latitudes, only ventilation is enough to maintain the necessary microclimate in a small private pool. But when calculating the ventilation of the pools of sports or entertainment complexes, a dehumidifier is indispensable. Especially if they are located in places with a hot climate.
The assimilation method is good because the air is cleared of unpleasant odors. Its most significant drawback is its dependence on the weather. If the humidity of the atmospheric air is high, then it will not absorb moisture when it enters the pool room. However, in many cases this scheme is used in practice.
The second significant drawback is that the supply air must be heated. This is especially noticeable in the cold season, when a maximum of electricity is spent on heating.
Combined Pool Dehumidification Method
Optimal type of dehumidification and ventilation installation for pools with intensive use and large areas. Experts recommend using both a dehumidifier and forced ventilation. Systems can be independent, not connected in any way, or form a common microclimate maintenance system.
This is expensive equipment that justifies itself only in pools with an area of at least 50 square meters. meters.
Ways to maintain air temperature and remove odors in the pool
The air temperature in the pool room must be maintained above atmospheric. For this, a heating system is installed. The air coming from the supply ducts is heated to a temperature maintained by the heating system. However, ventilation equipment is not intended for space heating.
Air heating in this case does not justify itself, since the intensive movement of air accelerates the evaporation of water. It can only be used as an additional one if the main heating cannot cope.
If the room is abundantly glazed, the pool is located in the southern region, and air conditioning is additionally provided.
In heavily visited large pools, natural ventilation is powerless, so forced air movement methods are used. They provide a stable temperature, fresh air supply, elimination of unpleasant odors and comfort for visitors.
The most effective method to ensure the best conditions in the pool is the installation of supply and exhaust ventilation.
Advantages of the supply and exhaust system:
- supply of fresh air;
- excess moisture is removed from the atmosphere of the pool room.
The system is equipped with an air dryer, and excess heat is removed to the street. It is autonomous and is not connected with the air exchange of the rest of the building. Ventilation ducts are made of materials that are resistant to moisture. The equipment is controlled by automation that maintains a constant temperature and a mixture of clean air.
Air from the street before being supplied to the room is filtered, cooled or heated, and its humidity also changes depending on the specified parameters.
Microclimate parameters for the swimming pool:
- water temperature +26 - 31 degrees;
- air temperature +27 - 32 degrees;
- humidity from 50 to 65%;
- air exchange per visitor 80 cubic meters per hour;
- air speed up to 0.2 meters per second;
- concentration of chlorine molecules up to 0.1 milligrams per cubic meter of air.
Water temperature in pools at saunas:
- hot +35 degrees;
- cold +15 degrees.
Possibility of heat recovery in the pool
The ventilation system of the pool in a cottage or water park with heat recovery will save significant money on heating the supplied air. The heat exchanger uses the heat from the exhaust air to heat the fresh air. The heat exchanger can have a lamellar design, rotary or work on the principle of a heat pump.
Recuperation in the summer allows you to cool the air supplied inside. On average, the savings are about 70% per year. The unit is equipped with filters and a heater, which, if necessary, brings the air temperature to the required one (for example, in winter).
Pool Ventilation Design Rules
Designing the ventilation of a swimming pool is a rather complex process that takes into account many nuances. Properly planning the ventilation of the pool with your own hands will only be possible with a specialist.
When calculating the ventilation of the pool, the following should be taken into account:
- moist and heated air masses rush to the ceiling;
- Condensation settles on all cool surfaces.
You can install equipment for ventilation of any pool both in the adjacent room and under the bowl itself, around it, on top or on the wall. Often, supply grilles are placed around the pool or on its two sides, contributing to the speedy displacement of the exhausted moist air up to the hood.
An important component in the operation of the supply and exhaust ventilation of the pool is the outside air. Its temperature affects the performance and power consumption of the system. In cold weather, the air is cold and dry; in hot weather, it is humid and warm. Thus, the ability to regulate air exchange allows you to create a comfortable microclimate without spending extra resources.
Adjustment is carried out with the help of fans that increase or decrease the intensity of blowing and the volume of moving air masses. Either manual or automatic control is used.
Another important pool ventilation parameter in calculations is the supply air temperature. It is heated by electric heaters before entering the room, and a well-calculated temperature allows you to save on heating the hall.
Design features of pool ventilation in cottages
When designing the ventilation of the pool of a private house, the following features are taken into account:
- water temperature in the pool according to domestic standards +30 - 32 degrees, according to European standards +28;
- the air temperature according to European standards exceeds the water temperature by 2 - 4 degrees, according to domestic standards by 1 - 2 degrees;
- air outflow can prevail over inflow by 0.5 times;
- the noise level from operating installations should not exceed 60 decibels;
- in the pool bathes, as a rule, no more than 2 people at a time;
- the use of the pool is episodic, not long-term;
- Blinds and curtains for the water mirror are widely used.
As equipment for pool ventilation, supply and exhaust units are used, which can be separate, but always autonomous from the main air duct system of the house.
When placing supply grilles around the pool, discomfort is created from the movement of air masses, which is understandable, given the small area of the room.
It is advisable to use dual-mode installations: the supply is started separately from the exhaust. When the pool is not in use, it is enough to ensure the outflow of moist air from the room.
Many customers require inconspicuous ventilation in the pool that does not violate the design and architecture.
Selection of equipment and automation of pool ventilation
The selection of the scheme and equipment for the ventilation of the pool in the cottage is based on careful calculations. Any factors that change the rate of evaporation are taken into account:
- pool area;
- temperature of water and air in the room;
- calculated indicators of humidity;
- visiting mode;
- the number of visitors;
- the presence of water coverage;
- the volume of the hall in which the pool is located.
Pool ventilation calculations also require data on the average humidity and temperature in the cold and warm seasons.
The automated control system allows you to set the necessary parameters once and no longer remember about the ventilation of the pool of your private house. The electronics itself will determine the volume of inflow, outflow in the event of a change in temperature or humidity.
Possibilities of automation systems:
- start or stop ventilation (at a certain time or depending on the characteristics of the air);
- humidity and temperature control;
- protection of equipment from power surges;
- notification of violations in the operation of the equipment;
- integration into the "smart home" system.
Pool air conditioners
Beautifully decorate the pool is a matter of fine taste
This is the embodiment of the latest technologies that allow you to purchase equipment for pool ventilation with your own hands. Pool air conditioners create the required microclimate, are fully automated and operate in the following modes:
- Room heating. The built-in thermal register allows you to warm up the air in the hall where the pool is located;
- Air dehumidification. The process takes place in the heat pump, where the air temperature drops to the dew point and drops of moisture are deposited on the walls of the evaporator, flowing into a condensate collection tank. Further, the air enters the heat exchanger and is warmed before being supplied to the room;
- Fresh air mix. This function allows the air conditioner to completely replace the pool ventilation scheme, supplying heated and filtered air into the room. Warming up occurs due to heat recovery from the exhaust air;
- Summer mode. If the ambient air temperature exceeds the room temperature, this mode starts;
- Enhanced dehumidification. This mode is included in the ventilation scheme of the private pool as desired. It is necessary in areas with high atmospheric humidity.
The conditioner allows to make ventilation in the pool simple in management and installation. For a country house, this is ideal. But there are also more powerful models for therapeutic or public pools. The technologies used allow minimizing operating costs. The power of the fans, as well as the operation of all other nodes, is controlled by an electronic switch.
The block of the conditioner is protected from corrosion by polymeric material and is warmed.
The control is carried out by a remote control equipped with a screen, as well as an additional remote control. The screen displays information about the temperature and humidity of the room. Many models are equipped with modems that allow remote control.
Such systems allow you to very accurately maintain the microclimate in the room, providing high-quality ventilation of the pool. With his own hands, the owner can choose the appropriate equipment.