The windows are absolutely natural and familiar elements of the building. The windows, first of all, serve as a source of daylight and provides visibility. But also the window, as an architectural element, expresses the individuality of the building. At all times, architects have paid special attention a combination of forms and configuration of windows in appearance building.
The oldest windows were not glazed holes in the walls that passed into the room fresh air and daylight. The first window windows appeared in Rome, And the glazing received widespread in the XIII century. In church construction, and in the XVI century. In residential construction. The emerging variety of windows of windows indicates their importance in architectural aesthetics.
Form, Material, Grade and Other Features Window structures B. different countries Dictated climatic conditions locality, level of development of technology and construction traditions.
American windows
For example, Americans are distinguished by their practicality, the optimal use of space and comfort. Therefore, for America Characterized windows with a sliding opening system. Most Windows occupy systems with a vertical direction of shift shift. Such windows are popular already for a long time And we all saw them in American films.
Vertical shift design The windows do not have a loop, the sash rises up and fixed in this position with special clamps. IN southern regions America is distributed deaf windows using a narrow profile.
German windows - practicality and durability
The main criterion for choosing windows in Germany is the durability and operational strength of structures. Exactly Germany is home to plastic windowswhich have high thermal insulation, reliability, practicality and ease of care and operation. German windows in most cases are equipped with a rotary-folding fitness.
The German profile Rehau systems are known and popular all over the world. The company for many years is the leader of production profile Systems Due to high quality, which is controlled at all stages of production; big selection systems for consumers with different sufficiency, as well as by introducing advanced technology To achieve maximum indicators of protection and durability of structures.
English windows
Traditional English windows are distinguished by their height and narrowness, they are usually divided into square sections that can be deaf, open out or vertically. This method of opening allows to maintain the maximum of the internal space, which is characteristic of foremost English. Interestingly, the British do not put double double glazed windows, and mostly single single, although the average annual temperature is quite low.
Double frames of Scandinavia
Windows in Scandinavia countries differ significantly from European windows. Modern and so popular plastic windows So did not fit in Scandinavia countries, instead of the Scandinavians used wooden windows Similar with Soviet.
Cold climate of countries led to the use of windows with double frames. The inner frame is equipped with double double glazing, and the outer one. The entire design of the window is equipped with a single shut-off mechanism.
Windows in Italy
The feature of the windows in Italy is determined by the warm climate of the country. Windows are wide external slopes, What allows you to protect inner space From sunlight and save coolness in the house. Windows usually have small size what is also explained by the predominance solar weather. Italy is also characterized by an arched form of windows.
French charm
The French highly appreciate the good natural light luminance. Therefore, the windows in France are large, often used glazing from floor to ceiling, the so-called "French balcony". Big windows Allow the sunny light to fill the space, to make it spacious, warmer, visually erase the border between nature and the room. Interesting feature french windows - this is even number sash. Folds open inside the room.
French windows are usually made of plastic. Wooden designs not popular since the French take care of environment. France is popular and mansard windowslocated in the roof of the house.
Windows in Ukraine
IN winter For Ukraine are characteristic enough low temperatures, so high thermal insulation It is one of the key factors when choosing glazing. Therefore, plastic windows are popular on the territory of our country using multi-chamber profile systems and double-chamber windows with an energy-saving coating.
Traditionally, the windows consist of two or three sections, open inside the room with a rotary-folding fittings. But in new buildings more and more often use panoramic glazing.
Where did the expression "window in Europe" come from? The author of the famous phrase - art historian, Italian Francesco Algartine who lived in the 18th century. In this way, he called the city of St. Petersburg, describing his journey in the composition of the "Letters about Russia." Founded by Peter I City on the Neva, was the first sea port connecting Russian state Through the Baltic Sea with Europe. The phrase itself became popular and known after A. S. Pushkin used it in the poem " Bronze Horseman». Modern value winged expression - metaphor, denoting commercial or cultural interaction with Europe.
From Europe came to us and. Plastic was invented in 19th in the 19th century, but the material itself began to be applied in industry only in the 30s of the last century. And in the 70s, the PVC windows were used here for the construction of housing as one of the ways of energy saving. And what are the windows in European countries today?
The European Consumer has an approach to the choice of windows is dictated, first of all, high prices for energy resources. Accordingly, the main thing is what attention is drawn is the energy efficiency of translucent structures. Plastic windows with a 3-chamber profile and a simple double-glazed window have long gone from the European market. For glazing housing, warm 5-8 chamber window profile from 70 mm wide, in demand windows complex configurations with and argon. Colored plastic windows make up the largest part of sales, and shades and tones are distinguished by a huge variety. It is worth noting that in countries with temperate warm climates (Spain, Italy, Greece), and wooden windows with double-glazed windows are also popular.
Despite the fact that the glazing of plastic windows in Europe has reached the limit, the PVC windows industry develops intensively. The fact is that the European resident changes the windows as often as needed to maintain efficient heat saving. The production and design technologies are increasingly improved, the demand for high-tech window systems with elevated functionality.
The departure from standard forms and sizes is very distinguished by externally European windows from us: wider architectural capabilities of buildings - more non-standard structures. In the design of the windows there is minimalism and refinement of lines. Popular window glazing from the ceiling to the floor with massive translucent designs. Newest Development The window sphere is represented by models with hidden sash. The window profile is immelved outside, almost the entire surface of the plastic window is a glass. Such a design creates visual openness of windows, does not burden the design and organically fits into modern architectural styleIn addition, light windows are increased. Special installation technology with this type of glazing allows you to achieve high power saving parameters. Simple accessories with rotary and swivel-folding functions can no longer cope with the consumer's growing demands on the locking system and protection - it becomes more and more high quality and complex.
Increased demand for designer windows in Europe and the improvement of energy-saving systems of systems gives a new impetus to the development of the window sphere, replenishing model rows new product line with unique features.
Plastic windows spread throughout the world. The combination of prices, functionality and reliability has provided them with great popularity. However, each country has retained its own "window traditions", in consent of which the PVC windows are made and installed.
British plastic windows
In Britain traditionally make narrow and high window openings, under which the PVC windows are created. If you build your home in english stylethen take care of the search for precisely such windows, because for our realities it is pretty non-standard form. English window structures Compiled from small square sections that do not have loops and shift on special wheels. Another English, as a rule, do not put double double glazing, despite the fact that the average annual temperature in the country is rather low.
PVC windows in France
The French put the windows that open the inside of the room. The number of sash is necessarily even. The French love when the room is well lit by the sunlight and when the room can be quickly ventilated. In France, they were distributed and popularity panoramic windows, floor height to ceiling and mansard designs.
Scandinavian windows
Scandinavans for PVC windows are not accustomed. They most often use conventional wooden windows, which are very reminded by Soviet. Due to the cold climate, windows with double frames and a single shut-off mechanism are set. The outer frame has a single glass, and the internal contains double double glazing.
Plastic windows in Germany
The Germans are famous for practicality in everything, including in the approach to the glazing of their own dwelling. In Germany, it is customary to put windows from a metal-plastic profile, absolutely hermetic, which will serve at least 50 years. As a rule, it is one-frame structures with the possibility of opening the sash vertically and horizontally. Such windows were widespread in our country.
Italian plastic windows
In Italy, very often window openings have the form of the arch, so the windows arched shape often called Italian. Italian window - This is a wide design of arched shape, sometimes with aluminum profile. In order to keep the room in the room, the windows put deeper in the wall than, for example, it is accepted from us.
American tradition
Residents North America We used to using window designs without hinges with a vertically-sliding opening mechanism. Such windows are often visible in American films.
Where to order PVC windows?
Swipe your home original and efficiently. Ordering windows with us, you get products high Quality. Schedule with style, and if you need any consultations, call us!
Problem: Housing and construction cooperative to which I belong makes me put plastic windows in my apartment. As asthmatics, the quality of the air, which I breathe, is very important for me, and I am very concerned about the harm of PVC.
PVC - polyvinyl chloril or "vinyl", as it is also called in a reduction - one of the most popular species of plastics used in modern world, it can be found everywhere, starting with toys and ending with computers. But, it is also considered potentially dangerous material. And that's why: the main problems of PVC are initial stage Production and expiration of its shelf life. In the production process, the main components, such as ethylene and vinyl chloride dichloride, are thrown into the atmosphere in the form of gases. These are carcinogens, they lead to damage to the liver, kidneys and nerves.
But this is not all when PVC is disposed of, say, burning it, dioxin emission, one of the most toxic substances in the world.
And here is your health concern, and it is not surprising, because the reasons for concern are a bunch.
The main commercial move in sales window Rams From PVC is that they are practically nothing worthwhile. But ultraviolet radiationUltimately makes material fragile and loose. And while it is destroyed, PVC exudes toxic gases, like vinyl chloride, which inevitably penetrates the house.
But in addition to this PVC contains wide spectrum Toxic additives, in particular, stabilizers with heavy metals, fungicides and "plasticizers". Plasticizers are phthalates, it is believed that they contribute to the emissions of gases, and give the characteristic smell of vinyl. Most phthalats are used to mitigate PVC, but sometimes they are added as hardeners to prevent PVC brittleness, such as window frames.
Studies on animals have shown that it is toxic than PVC itself, the thyroid gland and kidney cancer are caused, possibly due to their impact on the endocrine system. Being fat soluble, they have the ability to accumulate in the body. And the steps have already taken to prohibit phthalates in plastic nipples on children's bottles, children's toys and plastic pipes In hospitals. However, a wider ban is still to be.
Recently, the Danish-Swedish team conducted a study in which more than 10 thousand children took part and found that phthalates can be one of the key factors of a sharp increase in asthma and allergies in childhood. They found that asthmatics children lived in houses with a high concentration of phthalats in home dust.
In 1995, Sweden put forward a ban on all PVC products, and in Denmark Introduced PVC products and phthalates. More than 150 European communities have already been banned by PVC or conduct policies on the phased abandonment of their use in public buildings.
Is there an alternative to PVC windows? Yes, traditional wooden windows. Modern, high-performance wooden windows require minimal maintenance And they will serve over 50 years, while PVC windows are only 20-25 years old. (Once it is positioned as a product with a "lifelong guarantee", PVC come into disrepair faster than expected, which means that the release of toxic gases is much larger than expected initially).
In addition, wooden windows can be restored after 50 years, while plastic windows should be completely replaced in each generation.
Wooden windows are much cheaper than PVC, and they do not require such a frequent replacement as PVC. Show this article local housing cooperativeAnd if it does not move from the place, then it's time to move this topic yourself.
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Myths - in the window! Experts on the choice of double-glazed windows, "tinners" and marketer inventions
In the SPACEX era and electric vehicles, ordinary double-glazed windows perceived things to horror a simple, not causing any additional questions. However, choose the desired window And at the same time do not overpay, it is not easy: marketers The fact and the case is truded on new super technologies, improved systems and brands of German quality. But what of this is the truth, and what is another trick, designed to get more money? We are trying to figure out.
IN last years The range of Belarusian windows has grown out. Offer for every taste and wallet: energy-efficient, multifunctional, armored, tinted, with a different number of cameras in the profile or glass ... Some are well suited for private houses in a quiet village, others - for apartments in cozy bedrooms, others help to find balance in the bedroom overlook On MKAD or a noisy prospect.
- By big account Now the double-glazed windows are made in the same way as five or ten years ago. Revolutions in this area did not happen, but the choice in lately became much wider: many positions just recently began to come to Belarus, competition among manufacturers appeared, - I am sure the representative of the company "Industry of the Plus" Vasily Gerlovsky is confident.
Is it worth overpaying for brands?
- In Minsk there are five or six most sought-after manufacturers. Part of popular profiles are produced in us - in Slonim and Brest, something is brought from Germany, Russia and Ukraine. Due to the absence of customs clearance and road spending, Belarusian windows are cheaper: on ready Product You can save 15-25%.
People often make a choice in favor of German production and are ready to pay more. Someone believes that they know how to do it better there, others simply do not want to experiment: why risks and buy something new if a neighbor German Rehau behaves perfectly for 15 years?
Sellers often play on the combination of "German Quality" and do not explain to customers that, for example, Salamander is made in Brest, although the brand itself is German. Personally, I believe that there is no fundamental difference between them, and it can be saved on this without prejudice to quality: most often the same models are made from the same materials and on unified technology at all factories.
Some models are made exclusively abroad: from Germany, a class A profile (made only from primary raw materials) arrives, and the class B profile (using secondary) is manufactured in Belarus.
As explained in the press service of "Profin Rus", representing the KBE brand, the products of many German companies are made under the control of the headquarters of the organization, whether it is a plant in Berlin or Russian Voskresensk. In addition, all the concern plants are assigned numbers included in the profile marking applied to the visible surface of the fold. It can always determine the place of production of the PVC profile.
Ordinary, energy efficient or multifunctional?
Recently, new types of glass windows have appeared in the Belarusian market: energy-saving and multifunctional. Such structures due to special spraying and composition are capable of reflecting thermal radiation, so that perform their functions better than normal.
- Ordinary glass windows people buy more and less often, because energy-saving every day become cheaper and no longer standing for money. Multifunctional double-glazed windows work in both sides: not only do not produce heat, but also do not let the cold. Therefore, with such windows is cooled in the summer, but warmer in winter, - The expert is convinced. - We have not yet learned such such a thing - you have to bring it, which is reflected in price.
Wood or plastic?
Today, the whole world is committed to natural materials and tries to get rid of plastic. However, the sellers notice that in Belarus wooden windows can afford not all: it is better to buy expensive plastic, the cheaper tree.
- Experience shows that budget wooden windows that are installed in new buildings have to be changed after a year or two. These uses not the highest quality wood varieties, which eventually begins to deform, from which the window every day is worse than performing its functions. If there are no restrictions in the budget, you can spend on a good wooden eurowkovoy, otherwise it is better to stay on a more durable and practical plastic.
The more cameras, the better?
One of the characteristics of PVC-windows is the number of cameras ( air sugar) in profile. It is believed that the larger the camera's profile, the better. Their number may vary from two to six.
- Cameras prevent condensate formation, and also affect heat and sound insulation. Previously, manufacturers were mainly three-chamber profiles, but competition grew, the market expanded, and the company began to improve the system, add all sorts of jumpers, increase the mounting width and so on.
This can definitely be considered one of the main indicators, but I assure you, the man in the street will not notice the global difference between windows with a three-chamber and five-chamber profile. The effectiveness of heat and sound insulation depends on the glass, fittings, assembly, and so on, and not just from the profile.
From single-chamber double-glazed companies try to slowly leave - in residential premises almost all today, two-chamber structures with three glasses are installed.
Now some stores are selling both three-chamber windows, but this is not slamming increases the price, in addition, the window is worse thanks light and becomes harder. By virtue of a number of shortcomings, they did not get widespread any dissemination or abroad.
Solidarity with Vasily and specialists from the store "Comfort Industry".
- The designs with four glasses are practically not made, since there is no sense in this: the thickness of the profile causes to reduce or the number of glasses or the distance between them. For example, Salamander Streamline allows you to use a distance of 40 mm. Put here at least three glasses, even four - from this almost nothing will change, only the price will increase, - Explain in the company. - Some models with wide profiles allow you to install thick glass, but they are more expensive and not necessary for everyone.
Since modern developments make it possible to achieve good results, the requirements are gradually growing. Today, even in new buildings on the TCP, the heat transfer resistance coefficient must be equal to unity. Five or six years ago optimal thickness A glass package that passes through all standards was 32 mm, today it increased to 40-42. To achieve such indicators, the developer must set a 70-millimeter profile with three glasses, one of which should be equally energy efficient, and in addition - fill the distance between the archives of argon to increase the heat and sound insulation.
As experts explained, the distance between the glasses can vary from 10 to 20 mm, but the indicator over 16 mm ceases to make a value to contain heat, although slightly increases sound insulation. Therefore, if your windows go to the Moscow Ring Road or you do not give rest at night motorcyclists, pay attention to this indicator.