There is no person who has not tried the intoxicating drink beer. But many people think that growing is expensive and not feasible on small ones. But if desired, this vine is easy to grow at home for both brewing and medicinal purposes. Let's figure out how to plant hops on.
Description of perennial
Hops belong to the Cannabis family. Its inflorescences resemble small fir cones, but only Green colour. In fact, the hop fruit is. During the period when the perennial does not bloom, it looks like.
Its branches also curl, and the leaves are divided into several oblong parts, serrated along the edges. Sometimes its leaves are simple, not divided. Hops used to belong to the same family as mulberry, that is, to the Tutovs.
But in the second half of the 20th century, in the course of a series of studies, they were excluded from there. In nature, there are two types of hops. One of them grows in Japan and is called climbing hop. 
It is used only as a creeper, because it is an annual and does not form inflorescences. The second type is common hop, which includes varieties that are regularly used in production.
Common hops are what beer is usually made from. It is this species that forms the very cone-shaped female inflorescences. In the scales of the "cones" you can find the substance lupulin, a small amount of which causes poisoning of the human body.
But if we touch on the topic of brewing, then in the process of processing hops, lupulin breaks up into derivatives - lupulon and humulin. In this form, the substance cannot harm a person. also has male inflorescences in the form of panicles.
Common hop grows in all corners the globe. However, the origin is not known. 
Common hop has a powerful root system, which is located in the upper layer of the earth (up to 1 meter deep). Wherein main root goes into the ground to a depth of 4 meters.
Choosing a place to grow
Liana develops healthy in partial shade, and scorching sun can weaken her and she will be exposed. Many people say that it is best to plant hops on the south sideto protect from northerly winds, but this is a misconception.
Did you know? The beer has a golden or dark hue due to lupulin.
In fact, because of their powerful shoots, hops are not afraid of the wind. There should be at the chosen place: most often they are single-plane with a visor. You can also make them yourself.
Lighting
Make sure that the water does not stagnate. It is also not desirable to have ground water, which should be located no higher than 2 meters from the top layer of soil. 
Proper planting of hops
With proper care and proper fit common hops will give a generous harvest. You need soil before planting. Either a hoe will help with this. A garden rake will also come in handy for loosening the remaining large clods of earth.
All garbage is removed from the site: branches, other grass. The process is carried out two weeks before planting hops. Then the soil is fertilized or. Usually half of the fertilizer is applied before the soil is loosened.
The rest is applied three to four weeks after loosening the site. Pits for seedlings or cuttings are made at a distance of 1 meter from each other. The depth of each of them is 10 cm. If it is a cutting, then it is completely sprinkled with earth.
The timing of the first shoots depends on the material used. For example, in seedlings they are 7-11 days, and in cuttings - up to 2 weeks.
Do not forget that the seedlings must be guided along the wire on the trellis carefully and within a few days. Thus, you will help, and then it will independently begin to wrap around the support clockwise.plant care
Growing hops at home is a labor-intensive process that is influenced the smallest details. susceptible to many pests and diseases.
Therefore, sanitary pruning is carried out: basal leaves (1 meter along the shoots) are removed from the shoots. Such pruning is carried out after 3-4 months of active growth. After landing, you can spend.
Watering
Hoppy creepers are responsive to abundant. It is important to provide the plant with moist soil. Make sure that the water does not stagnate. Once a day is enough in summer. After harvest, watering may be less frequent.
Growing hops at home obliges you to provide full nutrition in caring for it. It is held as standard for everyone: in autumn and spring. 
In the rainy season - autumn, it is important to make a sufficient amount of compost, and in early spring- fertilize the soil with potassium-phosphorus or mineral additives.
Did you know? Hops for beer began to be used later than the direct production of the drink began. Now beer cannot be imagined without this element, which, by the way, was added to increase the shelf life. Hops are a natural preservative.
Weeding and soil care
Weeding is carried out carefully due to the proximity of most of the roots. Usually the earth is removed and loosened a little - so it is saturated with oxygen, and the shoots become stronger. It is worth doing this infrequently, but as needed.
Many have seen what the plant's buds themselves look like, but few know exactly what a hop plantation looks like. Since the plant does not have a vine, but powerful shoots, the support is needed strong and high. Places, for example, mass cultivation are like vineyards. 
But the fact is that hop shoots can reach 10 meters in length. Therefore, the support must be strong. Summer residents make it on their own.
It is possible to make a support on the south side of your house. To do this, it will be enough to lower the string from the roof and fix it on the ground.
How hops are propagated
Planting hops is a lengthy process, but shoots appear quickly. There are several ways of reproduction: seeds, cuttings, seedlings. Usually planted in May, because the vegetative period of a representative of the Cannabis family lasts 120 days. It is important that during the planting period there was dry weather and a temperature above + 10-12 ° С.
Important! Hop shoots require trellises at least 7 meters high.
Hop seeds are very small. The weight of 1000 pieces is only 4 grams. The procedure for sowing seeds is standard, as for all plants. Only in this case, seeds are usually not carried out, because the shoots of the plant are removed for the winter.
However, sift into the soil right amount seeds, water and cover tightly. When young shoots begin to appear, open and maintain the temperature in the room at + 20-24 ° C. 
Fashion for green hedges is always relevant. Often use creepers, for example hops. It is grown to decorate an inconspicuous fence, to make an arch more spectacular, to braid poles, turning them into trees. In a short period of time, the lashes will wrap around any support - a gardener's dream for the realization of a bold and fantastic composition. The length of the shoots reaches 12 m. Vital activity - up to 30 years.
Planting hops in April. The beginning of flowering in July, and enters the fruiting phase from August. Hop fruits are cones, they unusually hang down and outwardly look like New Year's Christmas tree decorations. They are harvested at full maturity when they become yellow color and semi-open. At this time, a wondrous aroma emanates from the vine, for which this vine is a favorite for many gardeners.
The disadvantages of hops on the site
Despite the temptation to grow hops in the garden, think a hundred times. This is the option when “Having hit it once, you won’t kick it out”:
- roots grow rapidly, trying to capture the entire area. Do not be surprised that over time, vine shoots will appear in the flowerbed in the place where it was not planned;
- in time, uncircumcised growth begins to braid the "neighbors", including fruit trees and shrubs;
- hops in a humid environment and shade attract aphids, weevils, nematodes and spider mite. Liana becomes a breeding ground for diseases;
- absorbs everything nutrients soil, there is an active depletion and inhibition of the growth of other crops. After hops, top dressing is necessary with complex mineral fertilizer and humus;
- gives self-seeding, from which .
Landing - confidently and without doubt
If all fears are not terrible and you are ready to keep the hops under control, then forward to planting!
The best place for this will be the perimeter of the site, where the soil is not so sorry and so far it will not bother anyone. Prefers slightly acidic pH, with deep water table.
Seedlings and cuttings
Planting of hops is carried out in the spring with stable warm weather. Make a groove or separate landing pits. The distance between the seedlings is kept 1 m. A support is installed near each specimen, along which the lashes will go up.
seeds
In early April, fill the seedling box with soil mixed with humus. Spread the seeds and sprinkle with earth on top with a layer of no more than 0.5 cm. Cover with a transparent film or glass and place in warm place(22°C). Water occasionally and open for ventilation to remove condensation. When the leaves appear, the shelter is removed.
Transplanted into open ground in early May, when the period of return frosts passes. When transplanting, an earthen lump is left. The distance between plants is kept 0.5-1 m, depending on the desired density of landscaping.
Liana care
As soon as the hops start to grow, take a closer look at the shoots, immediately remove the weak ones. In the first 2 years, organic matter is introduced, watered regularly, especially in the first half of summer, and shaped. Further, fertilizers are applied every 3-4 years.
In order to avoid a raid of pests, plantings are sprayed with infusion or wormwood is planted between rows. When a white coating appears on the leaves, they are treated with fungicides.
Hop control
So that the vine does not turn your site into a jungle, its growth must be restrained, namely:
- plant hops in metal barrels, without a bottom, the height of which is not less than 1 m, so that the roots cannot spread to the sides and give rise;
- collect cones, falling to the ground, they will begin to sprout new shoots;
- cut the lashes regularly, giving the desired shape to the composition. Don't let the creeper expand its boundaries;
- in autumn, cut all stems at a height of 15-20 cm from the soil surface and burn to destroy pests and diseases.
Collection of cones
Harvest fruit when fully ripe for maximum benefit. From them you can make pillows and mattresses with a massage and soothing effect. Dried specimens are added to bread and drinks.
Cones when they reach full maturity become dense, dry, and when pressed, the trace quickly disappears. The color changes from bright green to yellowish. Stickiness appears and aroma intensifies.
Cones are collected each separately, leaving petioles. The easiest way is to cut off the largest ones first, then the smaller ones, thus sorting. Fold freely, do not compact.
Based on it, they make a world-famous alcoholic drink, and are actively used in medicine, cosmetology and cooking. But this is not the whole range of its application, because hops are also an ornamental garden plant, very cute and unpretentious. This creeper able to create excellent hedge in one season, while growing well in partial shade and resistant to all kinds of natural surprises.
Hop propagation methods there are several: hops are propagated by root shoots, cuttings and seeds. The simplest of them - shoots, which appear in abundance in the spring. If you can’t get it or a hop stalk, then you should try to grow the treasured vine from seeds. It is worth noting that one of the types of hops, Japanese hops, is annual plant and growing it from seed is the most best way breeding.
planted hop for seedlings around April. Fertile soil is chosen for planting by purchasing it at a garden center or by mixing a share of garden soil with equal shares of leaf and humus substrate. Seeds are planted in the ground by 0.5 cm. It is advisable to create greenhouse conditions for seedlings by covering containers with planted seeds with film or glass. The temperature favorable for seed germination is 20 - 23 °C.
Crops are watered and wait for the appearance of sprouts, which begin to appear a week after planting. From this period, the shelter from the containers is removed for a couple of hours a day, and when the first true leaf appears at the seedlings, it is removed completely. The entire period of development of seedlings must be kept in a well-lit place, avoiding direct sunlight.
When the seedlings reach a height of 4 - 5 cm, they must be dived, that is, seated in separate containers. Carefully, together with a clod of earth, the plants are transplanted into individual pots, in which they will grow until planting in a permanent place. It is very convenient to use peat pots for planting, in which plants are planted outdoors. priming. Their indisputable advantage lies in the fact that during the subsequent transplantation, the seedlings are not injured. root system, and plants quickly adapt to new conditions.
Like most garden plants, hop seedlings are planted in open ground only after stable warm weather has been established. In the future, hops will endure frosty winters, but it is better to protect young plants from sub-zero temperature. The site for growing hops can be both sunny and semi-shady. The soil prefers fertile, therefore, even before planting, it is desirable to introduce into the soil organic fertilizers: manure or compost.
Planted seedlings should be watered regularly. Hops - moisture-loving plant, and with a lack of moisture will not look so impressive. In the first half of summer, this vine grows very quickly, and when the shoots reach a height of about half a meter, they need to be supported.
To achieve the greatest decorative effect of hops, it is necessary to use fertilizers. Top dressing is carried out mainly in the first half of summer, when the plant develops most actively. Hop is very responsive to foliar top dressing, and therefore it is recommended to regularly spray the leaves with a solution of zinc sulfate (0.02%) and a solution boric acid(0.05%). It is also recommended to fertilize with complex mineral fertilizers twice a month.
When autumn frosts occur in the first year, it is recommended to cover perennial hops with foliage or spruce branches to protect them from frost. Mature plants are quite frost-resistant and do not need such protection. With the onset of frost, the aerial part of the plant dies off, and with the onset of spring, many young shoots begin to grow rapidly from the ground.
It should be noted that in regions where more warm climate, planting seeds directly in open ground is practiced. This procedure is carried out in May in the same way as when planting seedlings. At the same time, the soil should be of fine fraction and as homogeneous as possible. It is recommended to add a little humus to it to increase nutritional value and sand, so that the substrate passes moisture well.
Crops are also covered for the first time to protect against temperature extremes. When the seedlings grow a little, they need to be thinned out, leaving only strong and healthy seedlings. Further transplantation should be carried out in such a way that the distance between plants is about half a meter.
Hop- one of the best options rapid vertical gardening. This plant can grow to a height of up to 6 m in a season, and its fruits in the form of small green cones look great against the backdrop of a thick curtain of carved leaves.
With all the advantages and benefits of hops as an important component in different areas application, do not forget that the liana is also wonderful decoration garden. With its help, you can create huge green hedges and vertical landings of a different kind, because hop shoots reach a height of more than 10 meters. fast growing climbing plant perfectly tolerates cold winter, and its fruits in the form of decorative cones give it a peculiar and unique look.
Distinguish two perennial species hops grown in the garden, namely the common climbing and climbing Japanese. The difference between these types is only that the first one is able to curl along the support, and the second one can cover vertical walls, creating a solid decorative curtain. Depending on the area that needs to be planted quickly, you can choose exactly the plant that fits these characteristics.
An annual type of Kunashir hop, used exclusively in decorative purposes. None useful properties does not possess. Its shoots grow just as quickly, decorative inflorescences have an attractive shape.
Reproduction and cultivation of hops from seeds
There are several methods of reproduction, among which the most popular and not laborious is the separation of shoots from rhizomes, which allows you to quickly grow required amount plants.
A rather laborious and lengthy process of growing hops from seeds is usually preferred by experienced gardeners.
Ripe seeds are harvested in September. In April they are sown for seedlings. It is best to use the most fertile and loose soil. It must be placed in a greenhouse container. Spread the seeds at a distance of 2-3 cm from each other and sprinkle them with a layer of earth no more than 2 cm thick. Compliance temperature regime not lower than 23 ° C and maintaining a constant humidity contributes to the emergence of rapid shoots.
For the entire period of growing seedlings at home, she needs to provide enough good lighting. But at the same time, direct sunlight negatively affects young leaves of sprouts, so provide bright but diffused light.
Seedlings dive, after the appearance of 3-4 true leaves. Carefully divide the plants, try not to disturb the root system too much, place them together with a clod of earth in a separate pot. Young vines can be planted in open ground only when the threat of night frost has passed.
Landing
Before planting in a permanent place, natural fertilizers should be applied in the form of manure or. Hops prefer fertile soil, where they will develop faster and look more decorative. Since this plant is moisture-loving, do not forget about regular watering. If you do not provide the necessary soil moisture, then the stems will have sparsely located leaves and lose their attractiveness.
After disembarking, it is necessary to establish a support along which the vine will curl. Shaded and sunny areas will be equally good for growing hops. A mature plant tolerates the sun's rays much better than young plants.
When frost occurs, creepers planted in the ground this season should be warmed a little with spruce branches. Adult specimens do not need this procedure. It is worth noting that all the leaves and shoots of hops die off for the winter. Only the root system remains, which, with the onset of heat, begins to actively develop and produce numerous fast-growing shoots.
HOP ORDINARY
Almost every one of us instantly associates the common hop plant with the epithet “hoppy”, but it is used not so much by brewers as by masters of poetry. Intoxicating aromas turn the heads of lovers, evoke philosophical thoughts about the meaning of life, touch, delight, conquer, bewitch, enchant. But in fact, the same ordinary hop has almost no smell, and its appearance also does not differ in special charm, although there is some kind of zest in it. Photo: Common hop (Humulus lupulus)
origin of name
Common hops grow both in the wild and carefully cultivated wherever it is not too hot. You can even meet him in North Africa. No one can say for sure where the name “hop” came from, they only suggest that it is either Slavic, or Chuvash, or German, or someone else. Each of these peoples has a word that sounds like "hops" and denotes some of its feature. For example, among the Germans it is “hummeln”, that is, “groping, feeling”, as if crawling and wrapping around everything that comes in the way, and in Latin it is “humus”, which means “earth”, a plant creeping along the ground . In Russia, common hop is found everywhere, with the exception of regions with a very harsh climate. We call this plant differently - intoxicating flower, beer flower, wild grapes, bitter gourd, beer cone.
Botanical description plants
Common hops can be described as unusually tenacious, creeping, twisting, very tenacious. This plant has interesting feature- in autumn, all its above-ground part dies off, and in spring new shoots develop with fantastic speed from overwintered rhizomes, stretching over 6-7 meters in length. These grassy vines grow literally before our eyes and in a month they are able to climb several meters up the supports, braid a fence or a gazebo. Moreover, it wraps around supports and obstacles only clockwise. The stems themselves are hollow inside, tetrahedral. The rhizome is also long, and also creeping, only underground. Common hops are attractive with their rich green leaves, a bit like grapes and creating thick veils. Interestingly, its lower leaves have three or five lobes, and the upper ones, slightly smaller in size, are whole, similar to hearts.
Not everyone knows that the cones, thanks to which ordinary hops are so valued, are female flowers, more precisely, cone-shaped inflorescences. The flowers themselves are hidden under the scales. They, as expected, have a pistil, with the help of which all plants form fruit ovaries.
In addition, nature endowed these unusual flowers with special glands, which contain the substance lupulin, which has the richest chemical composition thanks to which common hops are used in medicine and brewing. But the male flowers of the plant are completely inconspicuous, similar to small green panicles, but they do an excellent job of pollinating the female ones and forming fruits. Common hop belongs to the group of dioecious plants (male and female), that is, in order to get fruits, they must be planted side by side. Hops bloom in the second half of summer, closer to August, and its small fruit-nuts ripen in about a month.
Quite a bit of history
Despite its modest beauty, common hop has long been honored by many peoples. Most of all, people were impressed by the extraordinary endurance and vitality of the plant, its rapid growth and the ability to resurrect from the dead in the spring. Thanks to this, back in the days of paganism, ordinary hops became a symbol of fertility, prosperity, stamina and vitality, and later they added flexibility, wisdom, and the ability to strengthen the union. Therefore, in the old days, newlyweds were showered with hop cones, and on holidays and weekdays they decorated huts with twigs, the girls wove them into wreaths.
Photo: Common hop, liana leaves
The first historical mention of hops dates back to the reign of Prince Vladimir. The oath at the conclusion of peace with the Bulgarians says that if it is suddenly broken, the hops will sink, and the stone will float.
In that era, our ancestors had a very bright ritual deity Yarilo, that is, a symbol of fertility. It turns out that common hops were often present with this Yarilo in the same company, he was even called Yar-Khmel. With his participation, of course ritual, our glorious ancestors organized festivities in honor of harvested crop, sang songs until the morning, danced around the fires. They had a belief that the guy or girl who Yar-Khmel looked at would definitely fall in love. The hops were also in honor among the players who were not afraid to risk their fortune. They firmly believed that the plant, symbolizing prosperity and prosperity, would definitely help them get rich. And ordinary hops "saved" honest people from the machinations of witches, ghouls and other evil spirits, therefore, hop cones were always worn in pockets of clothes, in boots and bast shoes, and of course, hung at front door.
But as the main component of beer, our ancestors did not use hops - they did not know that he was an assistant in this matter. In general, the ancient Slavs drank little (according to historical data), they used intoxicating drinks mainly for holidays, so they did not see anything shameful in glorifying a plant that intoxicates their heads. Later, when these almost fabulous traditions were violated and they began to drink a lot, ordinary hops fell into the category of plants given to people by devilish forces. It must be said that the ancient Romans and even the wise Greeks, who preferred grape wine, and beer, which assigned the role of an unworthy drink, treated hops with prejudice. The Bible also mentions hops as an unseemly plant, because, at the instigation of the insidious serpent, it helped Noah to drink and destroy his ark. But the ancient Jews, on the contrary, it was thanks to beer on hops that they were saved from a terrible sore - leprosy, which was once a real punishment from God.
Hops and beer
Be that as it may, ordinary hops, having lost their significance in Russia as an accomplice in fertility and a protector from evil spirits, gained new recognition as a component of a drink beloved by many - beer. They cooked it in Russia, as they say, even under Tsar Peas, but they did not know how to save it for a long time. That is, it was only a seasonal drink. Only when it occurred to the ancient brewers to add ordinary hops to beer recipes, things went smoothly. Now this plant is used everywhere in brewing. It turns out that there are many varieties of hops. The type, strength, taste and aroma of beer depends on which one is used in recipes. So, there are Alpha hops, Aroma hops, Bitter hops and others. It is added both to hot wort and cold wort, which also affects the quality of the final product. Now they have already learned how to make extracts and pressed concentrated tablets from hops, which are increasingly used in breweries, gradually replacing the original raw material - hop cones.
Photo: Common hop, female cone-shaped inflorescences
Hops in landscape design
Gardeners and summer residents use common hops not to make beer, but to decorate their plots. This amazing and so energetically bright plant is able to extravagantly decorate a gazebo, braid a fence, cover an unseemly place, for example, a shed or a garbage dump. The only inconvenience that he can deliver is that in the fall he will have to remove his dried vines to provide a place for new ones that have hatched from the ground in the spring.
Common hops, planting and care
Everyone who is going to have hops in their home needs to get acquainted with the simple rules for caring for them. Appropriate place it's easy to find him. It can be partial shade or a bright corner, but the sun should not fry there all day. The soil for hops is suitable loamy, neutral, slightly alkaline or slightly acidic. Of course, on fertile soils, common hop grows better. He loves moisture very much, so he needs watering, but you can’t pour hops heavily, since an excess of moisture can be fatal for him. The elements of caring for a plant include the construction of supports for it, if it is planted away from those, weeding and fertilizer. As a rule, ordinary hops do not cause any particular difficulties. Planting and caring for him is within the power of even those who do not understand gardening at all. This plant is so unpretentious that it can grow without any care at all. In addition, it is quite frost-resistant. Its rhizomes perfectly tolerate winters with temperatures down to -30 degrees. The only difficulty that may await fans of green hops is the super growth of its rhizomes. So that the plant does not turn into a malicious weed, it is necessary with the help of improvised materials (pieces of slate, bricks, etc.) to make a barrier in the ground for its roots.
reproduction
Photo: Common hop, a fragment of a creeping rhizome
An unpretentious, low-key handsome common hop, planting and caring for which is so simple, and does not cause difficulties in reproduction. Most often this is done vegetatively. It is most rational to use fragments of rhizomes with live healthy buds, and they are separated without digging the mother plant out of the ground. In the spring, as soon as the plant wakes up and the first shoots appear from the ground, small pieces are cut out with a shovel, but carefully, and planted in a chosen place.
You can also propagate common hops by rhizomatous cuttings, which are harvested before the start of sap flow. The rhizome is dug up, divided into fragments with living buds and planted again, where they found a place. Whoever wants, can grow these cuttings on a separate bed, and in the fall they can transfer them to permanent residence. By the way, hops live for about 30 years.
A very easy way to propagate common hops by layering. Planting and care in this case, I have the following technology: somewhere in the middle of summer, the selected vine is tilted to the ground, pinned and sprinkled with the same soil. In this position, the structure is left until spring, when it will be necessary to dig out the resulting new rhizome and plant it in a chosen place.
There are cases when you can only propagate hops by seeds, for example, when you want to grow unusual variety, or when large plantations are planted at the same time. The seed propagation method is also simple, but it is better to start it in a greenhouse or in a house. To do this, containers (boxes, bowls, who has what) are filled with prepared soil, watered. Care for seedlings is the most common, as for any flower. The grown plants are transferred to the open ground and cared for, as well as for adult hops. The ordinary hop will start to please with its rapid growth in the second year, and the bumps will appear on it in a couple of years. A not very convenient feature of growing by seed is that in the end you can get too many male plants, that is, be left without cones. To beat this situation, experienced hop growers plant hop seedlings closer to each other, and then remove excess barren plants.
How to plant common hops in open ground
In order for young seedlings to develop faster (seedlings grown from seeds, or fragments of rhizomes), even in the fall, where the place is chosen for hops, they dig holes up to 50 cm deep. it's until spring. During planting, the seedling is placed in ready-made holes, covered with soil, tamped, watered. If there is no difference, male or female plants are needed, and also, when the “sex” of the seedling is already known, they must be placed from each other at a distance of about a meter, and the row spacing should be maintained at about 3 meters. If you plan to break through seedlings, you can make holes more often.
Photo: Common hop perfectly camouflages fences and creates a hedge itself
Diseases and pests
Common hops endure weather conditions, but suffer from some pests. Aphids, nematodes and other leaf-eating trifles are especially annoying to him, which is best fought with insecticides.
Common hops are also, unfortunately, prone to plant diseases. This is:
- powdery mildew;
- downy mildew;
- Verticillium hop wilt;
- fusarium;
-root rot;
- bacterial cancer;
- mosaics (hop, chlorotic, arabis);
-curly.
All this fungal diseases. They develop under favorable weather conditions for fungal spores, improper agricultural practices for growing hops, vegetative propagation methods (many fungi, such as root rot, cancer, fusarium enter the plant through wounds on the rhizome) and lead to a decrease in yield, and bacterial cancer and root rot can cause the death of the entire plant.
You can understand that an ordinary hop is sick by the spots on the leaves, white bloom(at powdery mildew), wilting of shoots, their weakness, other external modifications unusual for hops. Diseases must be dealt with appropriately. chemicals, plus strictly follow all the rules for caring for the plant.
Photo: Common hop at the time of flowering, female plant
Varieties
Breeders of ordinary hops do not bypass attention. Thanks to their efforts, about a hundred interesting varieties with green, red and red-green vine. Red varieties are considered the best. Their advantage is in the early ripening of the crop, and the disadvantage is that their cones open very quickly and lose lupulin. The green varieties are late maturing and easier to harvest, but the lupulin in their buds has a less subtle flavor and lower quality. Both red and green varieties exist regional and selective.
Here are just a few of them:
"Brewer". This variety belongs to the average growing season. It will delight with lush greenery for about 4 months. "Pivovar" copes well with frosts in the growth phase and frosts in the dormant phase, with drought and prolonged heavy rains, and is resistant to many diseases. Its yield is average, but the cones have a refined aroma, for which this variety is used with pleasure in brewing. The leaves of the "Pivovar" are again medium in size, slightly wavy, but if this variety is planted in order to weave barriers, it will not form a very lush cap-crown.
"Triumph". This variety is equally good for creating landscape designs, and for the production of delicious beer. Its buds are medium in size and contain alpha acid.
The following varieties are also popular: Gaidamatsky", Alta(alpha acids in it up to 12%, which is much more than other hops), "Slav", "Clone-18"(alpha acids only up to 4%), "Zagrava", "Promin".
The value of each variety is determined by yield, bud uniformity, maturation, bud structure, lupulin content, color and aroma. Less valuable are varieties in which cones are formed unevenly, ripen poorly, have a small amount of lupulin, spotting and multiple traces of pests.