Many indoor plant lovers rarely pay attention to them. Basically, it is enough only for a rare transplant - once a year, periodic watering and wiping dust from the leaves. But experienced florists they know that in order for flowers to feel good and to please the eye, you need to take proper care of them: organize adequate lighting and a sufficient level of humidity, choose the most suitable soil mixture and organize the correct wintering. And besides, the plants need feeding - making nutrients... And here the most unexpected substances can come to the rescue. So, the topic of our today's conversation will be the well-known ammonia and its use for indoor flowers.
Ammonia in essence it is a transparent white liquid, has a pungent odor and is widely used in medicine and everyday life. Chemists call it ammonium solution or ammonia tincture. Florists have figured out how to use ammonia for plant care, including its use for indoor flowers. This substance can be a good nitrogen source for domestic crops. And this element, as you know, is extremely important for the full growth and development of plants, without it, the course of photosynthesis processes and the production of chlorophyll are impossible. With a lack of nitrogen, the leaves become pale and discolored, over time they begin to die off, and flowers and buds also fall off.
How to saturate a plant with nitrogen using ammonia?
It is very easy to prepare nitrogen fertilizer for indoor plants. You need to take five liters of ordinary settled water and pour three tablespoons of ammonia into it. House flowers need to be watered at the root. It is especially important to feed geranium and clematis with nitrogen, as well as decorative foliage crops.
Some experts claim that ammonia is excellent for foliar dressing... To prepare such a fertilizer, fifty milliliters of the product should be diluted in four liters of water. The use of ammonia in breeding - for spraying foliage.
When using ammonia for watering or spraying indoor plants, its toxicity must be taken into account. So, if you water your home crops with ammonia solution, apply it exclusively to moist, loose soil.
Be careful not to inhale the vapors of such a product, do not let it get into the eyes, and also move children and animals out of the room. Be sure to provide excellent ventilation in your home. And it is even better to process the foliage with ammonia on the balcony.
Ammonium hydroxide is ammonium hydroxide dissolved in water. it Chemical substance has the appearance of a liquid without color, but with a sharp unpleasant odor... Some call it ammonia for abbreviation, but it is a different substance. One of the areas of application of ammonia is work on personal plot.
One of the areas of application of an aqueous solution of ammonium (ammonia) in a personal plot is as a fertilizer.
Plants use nitrogen to synthesize chlorophyll in their cells. It is this chemical element that stimulates the formation of chlorophyll, as well as the growth of green mass of foliage and shoots. Therefore, in order to accelerate the growth of plants (both flowers and fruits and vegetables), they are fed with minerals containing nitrogen in their composition. As such a top dressing, you can also use ammonia.
Nitrogen is also found in organic. Rather, it is released during their decomposition. But such transformations of a natural kind take a long time. It is easier and more profitable to use mineral fertilizing. To use ammonia as a fertilizer, you need very little, and it costs quite cheaply in pharmacies, which allows you to save money.
In addition to fertilizing with nitrogen, which is carried out by the gardener at his own request or according to the recommendations of growing plants, the latter themselves will make it clear when they lack nitrogen:
- the lower leaves turn pale and turn yellowish;
- rapid fall of flowers or lack of ovaries;
- fragile weak stems;
- slow pace of development.
The largest amount of nitrogen is consumed by:
- Zucchini, eggplant, potatoes, cabbage, peppers, rhubarb.
- Raspberries, blackberries, strawberries, currants, plums,.
- Dahlias, lilies, clematis, peonies.
First aid for ants - ammonia
It should be remembered that undiluted ammonia is poisonous, it can cause burns to the skin and mucous membranes in humans and the surface tissues of plants when drops of a saturated solution of the substance get on them. Therefore, when preparing nitrogen fertilization, it is necessary to work with gloves and avoid contact of ammonia vapors in the eyes and Airways.
When calculating the saturation of the ammonia solution for fertilizing plants, the established dosages must be observed. Otherwise, you may get a completely different result than you wanted. When plant cells are oversaturated with nitrogen, the following is observed:
- excessive development of deciduous mass;
- late and weak flowering;
- increased risk of fungal diseases;
- accumulation of nitrates (nitrogen salts) in edible tubers.
Different plants need different dosages of nitrogen fertilizers:
- Onion. To obtain juicy and large feathers, half a tablespoon of ammonia is diluted in one liter of water. For good harvest planting is watered with a solution of one tablespoon of ammonia in 10 liters of water.
- - one tablespoon of the substance is diluted in 10 liters of water.
- Tomatoes and cucumbers - 3 salt spoons of ammonia are diluted in 10 liters of water.
The dosage can be increased slightly if necessary.
The use of ammonia in the fight against insect pests
The ammonia solution can also be used to protect plants from harmful insects. To do this, prepare a solution and spray it on the ground parts of plants from a spray bottle.
The following ammonia concentrations are used for pest control:
- From aphids - 20 ml of solution and 100 g of crushed laundry soap, mixed and diluted in 8 liters of water.
- For ants - 40 ml dissolves in one liter of water. The anthill is watered with this solution.
- For wireworms - 10 ml per 8 liters of water. The solution is poured into the soil in the planting holes.
- From a weevil - 25 ml per 10 liters of water.
- From a bear - 10 ml per 10 liters of water.
- For onion flies - 5 ml of alcohol per 10 liters of water.
- For cabbage whites - 100 ml per 10 liters of water.
- From the lurker - 25 ml per 9 liters of water.
A weak aqueous solution of ammonium can be sprayed on ripening fruits and berries in order to scare birds away from them.
How to work with ammonia
If ingested human body ammonia causes severe poisoning. If the dosage is exceeded in 10 g, a lethal outcome occurs.
The ingress of ammonia vapors into the respiratory tract leads to their spasmodic contractions and respiratory arrest.
Ammonia causes burns on contact with human skin.
In this regard, working with ammonia requires great care.
Ammonia should not be mixed with active chemical compounds. The preparation of the solution should be carried out with a good flow fresh air... You need to work with rubber gloves and, preferably, a respirator.
Clothing should cover all parts of the body as much as possible.
While watching the video, you will learn about ammonia in the country.
Ammonia is effective and budgetary funds, suitable for use in gardening work. Its solution can be used both in the fight against and as plant nutrition. In this case, it is necessary to follow the rules of dosage and work with the substance.
Attention super FLY!
During the period of growth, flowering and formation of ovaries, plants especially need support and protection. Such a popular and proven remedy as ammonia is used in the garden to solve several problems at the same time. It helps to saturate the soil with nitrogen, promotes the recruitment of green mass by plants, and repels pests. An aqueous solution prepared from this universal preparation is used throughout the warm season. To use fertilizer effectively, you need to know how to properly use ammonia in horticulture and horticulture.
Description and chemical composition
Ammonia, or aqueous ammonia solution at a concentration of 10%, is available as a liquid in vials. Active substance, ammonia (NH3), is a colorless gas. Its peculiarity is a pungent, acrid, unpleasant odor, reminiscent of urine. The aqueous form of the solution is used both in horticulture (as a part of fertilizers and remedies) and in medical purposes.
In everyday life, people call this drug ammonia, ammonia, ammonia water. In fact, the name "ammonia" belongs to ammonium nitrate (NH4Cl). This chemical is used to a limited extent in large-scale agricultural technology, for processing large areas... In small private farms, it does not find application at all. Thus, ammonia and ammonia are one and the same, and the ammonia itself, or ammonium nitrate, is a separate chemical compound.
The use of ammonia in horticulture
The use of ammonia solution for plants has two main directions. It is used as a powerful nitrogen fertilizer and an improvised tool in the fight against common pests. In practice, this means that both functions are performed at the same time, making it easier to grow fruits and vegetables. Feeding with ammonia can be done both in the form of watering plants at the root, and by wetting their green parts.
The nitrogen in the preparation is contained in a form accessible to plants, so it is easily and quickly assimilated without going through long stages of transformations in the soil. Why is ammonia used in the garden: it is poured over almost all vegetables and many trees. Flowers and decorative leafy crops are especially responsive to this preparation. It is also used as a universal foliar dressing that easily penetrates plant cells through the surface of the leaf blades. This is especially true for those flowers, trees and shrubs that require a long period of time to transport fertilizer through root system to ground units.
It is convenient to use ammonia to destroy and repel common insect pests such as different types aphids, lurkers, caterpillars, slugs and snails. In the garden, it is used to get rid of ground pests in the form of spraying, and with the help of root irrigation, underground species of insects can be destroyed, for example, bear, wireworm, larvae and soil flies.
As a fertilizer
The main reason for feeding vegetable and garden plants ammonia is a lack of nitrogen in the soil. This can have an extremely negative effect on the state of the plantings. Nitrogen participates in photosynthesis and affects the production of chlorophyll in plant cells. With its lack, the leaves turn yellow and fall off, and fruit ovaries are not formed. Crops that lack nitrogen during the period of active growth stop their development and may die.
Watering the garden will give noticeable results in 4-5 days. Spraying speeds up this process and supports plants that are experiencing acute nitrogen starvation. Ammonia solution - suitable fertilizer precisely for such urgent cases. The specimens processed by it come to life and transform before our eyes.
Ammonium solution in the country will be useful in the following situations:
- Cucumbers and tomatoes need nitrogen during the entire period of growth and development. They need to be fed with the drug in small and medium dosages.
- You can water root crops with a solution of ammonia: potatoes, carrots, beets, radishes. For these vegetables, it makes sense to apply root dressings during the growing season and flowering, and later, during the growth of underground parts, they will no longer be so effective.
- For cabbage, peppers, pumpkins, zucchini, nitrogen fertilization is always a welcome supplement, to which these plants react very positively. The drug can be applied both by root and air methods, as well as alternating these types of treatment.
- Top dressing ornamental plants ammonia is carried out during the growing season and flowering. You can process them by root method and spraying. It is better to water beautifully flowering and especially decorative leafy species with ammonia water regularly, they are very responsive to all types of procedures with nitrogen preparations. But at first the dosage should be small, otherwise the flowers will heal, that is, they will put all their strength into the growing season and slow down the formation of buds.
- For growing seedlings, ammonia is used in the form of watering under the root and spraying with a weak solution. The dosage should be increased gradually, observing the response of the seedlings. They show it very quickly and clearly.
- For the reclamation of mineral-poor or tired soil, preventive treatments are carried out throughout summer season and also in the fall, after harvest.
Pest control agent
To protect plants and preserve the harvest, ammonia is used both in the form of spraying and watering. Suitable measures for pest control also help to maintain plantings with nitrogen fertilization. In the case of extensive damage to the beds by insects, a combination of treatment is needed different methods: applying the solution to the soil and spraying in turn.
Watering is carried out at the root of the plant, as well as at a distance of half a meter around it. It is better to cultivate slightly damp soil rather than completely dry soil. Water it abundantly, until the soil near the plants is completely wetted. For air treatment, plantings are sprayed from a spray bottle.
Summer residents often water the green mass from above using a watering can with a shallow divider. This way you can reduce the amount of ammonia that gets on the skin and in the respiratory tract of the gardener.
Some large specimens, for example, cabbage, do not need to be sprayed, but washed with a solution to ensure that the entire surface of the green mass is covered with the drug. High pressure garden sprayer - not the best way, it forms a cloud of fine water dust, from which the drug quickly evaporates. In addition, you can accidentally inhale toxic ammonia.
You need to know which pests ammonia water helps against:
- Flying and crawling insects: ants, wasps, larvae of the Colorado potato beetle are afraid of the smell of ammonia. They can be easily scared away by spraying with green mass, but the effect will be temporary. Once the smell is gone, pesky pests can return. The problem is solved by regular procedures.
- Colonies of gluttonous aphids, which are very fond of settling on the youngest and most tender shoots of garden and horticultural crops, completely die as a result of processing. It is reliable and safe way get rid of insects.
- Snails, slugs and caterpillars, which are dangerous for delicate young plants during the active growing season, do not tolerate the smell of ammonia, even in low concentrations. But after a single treatment, they return quickly enough, so it is important to repeat the procedure.
- Underground pests: bear, wireworm, soil fly, including onion and carrot, are also sensitive to the drug. Ammonia is capable of killing both adult flying flies and larvae in the upper soil layer.
It is necessary to begin work on fertilizing garden and garden plantings with nitrogen in the form of ammonia water already at the stage of sowing seeds or planting seedlings. The dosage for the first treatments is taken the lowest so that the plants do not experience shock. Gradually, the concentration should be increased, but taking into account the frequency of treatments and the reaction of the plants. A single excess of the maximum dosage of the drug can cause a burn of the root system.
Too much high level the nitrogen content in the soil leads to the so-called fatty: violent growth of leaves, late and weak formation of ovaries. The maximum permissible concentration of ammonia in the working solution: 120-150 ml per 10 liters of water.
For small garden and the vegetable garden, ammonia is conveniently diluted in a bucket of water. The drug does not tolerate compounds with chlorine, so the water should be soft, better than natural. If you have to use tap water, it should be boiled and then defended for several days. You need to use the prepared product immediately, the working solution cannot be stored, ammonia will begin to evaporate.
- In the case of obvious nitrogen starvation of plants, a strong solution must be prepared at the rate of 80-85 ml per 10 liters of water. At the same time, foliar processing gives the fastest results.
- For regular preventive treatment, a low concentration is suitable, 45-50 ml of ammonia solution per 10 liters of water. With this composition, you can water and spray any garden and horticultural crops with a frequency of 1 time in 2 weeks. There is no need to be afraid of an excess of nitrogen, and insects will not have time to damage the plantings at such a frequency of application of the drug.
- Even a weak ammonia solution helps to get rid of soil pests. For 10 liters of water, take 20 ml of ammonia. You can water the ground not only under plantings, but also around the beds, at a distance of 50-70 cm from them.
- To protect against flying and crawling pests by the foliar method, a solution is prepared from 50 ml of ammonia, 50 ml of any liquid soap and 10 liters of water. The active substance is needed so that the drug lingers on the surface of the stems and leaves. It also helps to distribute the funds evenly.
For feeding seedlings and young plants, a large amount of working solution is not required. For the first treatment, it is necessary to use half the dosage of the drug, and then carefully monitor the reaction of young shoots. If they look healthy and strong, then nitrogen fertilization can be continued.
General instruction by application:
- Add 6 ml (1.5-2 teaspoons) of ammonia solution per liter of water, stir.
- You need to water the seedlings not on dry ground, but after slightly moistening the substrate in pots with plain water.
- This procedure can be repeated once every 10-14 days, depending on the state of the plants.
- When planting seedlings in open ground pour 0.5 l of solution into the prepared well under each plant. This will help protect plantings from pests and create favorable conditions for growth and nutrition.
Precautionary measures
It is no coincidence that ammonia has such a repulsive smell. This agent is toxic to humans, it can cause burns if it gets on the skin and especially in the bronchi. When applying ammonia to the soil, use rubber gloves and closed clothing. A respirator while working with the drug will reliably protect the respiratory tract. Drink a lot if accidentally swallowed. pure water and induce vomiting. After finishing work, change clothes, take a shower and wash your hair.
It is advisable to process plants in warm, dry and calm weather. Evening time is ideal for such procedures, in this case the risk of occurrence on the leaves is excluded sunburn from liquid drops.
It should be noted that ammonia damages some objects and surfaces, especially paint and varnish coatings.
Affordable and universal remedy combining a number of useful functions, can be found in pharmacies, garden stores. Subject to the precautionary rules and permissible concentrations, ammonia is safe for humans and plants, it does not contribute to the accumulation in fruits harmful substances... This drug is considered a panacea for the health of most garden and garden crops.
The use of ammonia in the garden
Ammonia is the simplest chemical that growers use effectively to fertilize plants and control pests. Let's take a closer look at what its benefits are for the garden, and which recipes are best used for feeding onions, cabbage and cucumbers.
The benefits and uses of ammonia
Ammonia (NH 3) is a colorless gas with a pungent urine odor. When combined with water, it forms a new substance - ammonia (NH 4 OH). It is he who is used as a top dressing. In the everyday life of gardeners, the names ammonia, ammonia and ammonia, meaning the same thing, are firmly established, although in fact they are different substances. For simplicity, we will use all 3 names.
You can buy the drug at a pharmacy or in a store with garden tools... It is sold in the form of a 10% solution and is called "Ammonia" or "Ammonia".
Why is ammonia so often used for the garden? Its benefits lie in the high content of nitrogen - the main constituent of plant organelles, lipoids and chlorophyll. In spite of a large number of free nitrogen in the air (78%), plants assimilate it only in bound form - in the form chemical compounds from the soil.
The use of ammonia in the garden makes its pungent smell so popular. It is unpleasant not only for humans, but also for insects. The smell of ammonia scares off aphids, a bear, an onion fly, and a lurker.
Ammonia against pests in the garden
To prevent the appearance of a bear in the cabbage beds, before planting, half a liter of a 1% solution of ammonia is introduced into each hole (for this, dissolve 10 ml of the drug in a bucket of water).
To prevent the onion fly and the lurker from starting on the site, once a week during June, water the beds of onions and garlic with an ammonia solution (25 ml of ammonia per 10 liters cold water). If there is high probability the appearance of pests, watering onions with ammonia can be continued all summer.
If you do notice signs of pests (holes in the leaves, midges), ammonia will help you quickly destroy them. To do this, dissolve 50 ml of ammonia in 10 liters of water, add 50 g of grated household soap or 10 ml of liquid soap. Spray the plants every few days.
The use of ammonia in the garden as a top dressing
Withered and pale leaves small flowers, lack of fruits - these are the most characteristic signs of a lack of nitrogen in the soil. To eliminate them, the plants are fed with a concentrated solution. For preparing fertilizer in a 10 liter bucket warm water dilute 6 tablespoons of ammonia and mix. Top dressing is applied at the root of the plants after watering, once a week.
If the soil of the site is not very fertile and contains little nitrogen, carry out preventive root dressing every 2 weeks. To do this, dissolve 50 ml of ammonia in a bucket of water. Apply the prepared solution after abundant watering. Such feeding is especially fruitful on lilies, onions, cucumbers and carrots.
Treatment of onions with ammonia
If you notice yellowed and dried feathers, this is a signal of a lack of nitrogen in the soil and the need to water the onion with ammonia. To do this correctly, dissolve 60 ml of ammonia in a bucket of water, water the beds with the prepared solution every few days.
For quick recovery of onions, foliar feeding is used. To prepare the solution, add 3 tablespoons of ammonia to a bucket of settled water. Spray your garden beds after sunset or in cloudy weather twice a week.
To prevent the appearance of pests, root feeding of onions with ammonia can be carried out. To do this, dilute 30 ml of the preparation in a bucket of water, apply fertilizer under the root after watering.
Ammonia - application for cabbage
Treatment of cabbage with ammonia - reliable way protect it from cruciferous fleas, snails, caterpillars, cabbage flies and slugs.
To prepare the solution for a bucket of water (10 l), take 80-100 ml of ammonia. Spray the cabbage leaves every few days. If slugs appear on it, the processing can be carried out directly from the watering can and pour over the heads of cabbage abundantly.
In addition to protecting against pests, ammonia in any case works as a top dressing. Therefore, it is better to exclude the introduction of nitrogen-containing fertilizers during the processing period.
Top dressing and watering cucumbers with ammonia
Cucumbers are fed with ammonia several times until fruit appears. To prepare a solution in 10 liters of water, dissolve 3 tablespoons of ammonia. Start watering after the start of shoot growth once every 7 days. During the appearance of the formation of the ovary, the treatment of cucumbers with ammonia is carried out more often - once every 4 days, and with a more concentrated solution (1 teaspoon per 1.5 liters of water).
Top dressing of garlic with ammonia
Feeding with ammonia is carried out if the tips of the garlic leaves become thinner, begin to curl and turn yellow. For this, a low-concentrated solution is prepared: 2 tablespoons of ammonia water per 10 liters of water.
They use ammonia from pests in the garden, namely, they carry out foliar processing from weevils. To combat them, 25 ml of ammonia are added to a bucket of water, the beds are watered with a ready-made solution every few days.
Processing tomato with ammonia
For the formation of good strong bushes and large fruits, tomatoes need nitrogenous feeding. If you do not use complex nitrogen-containing fertilizers or urea (Urea) on the beds, add ammonia. To do this, prepare a weak solution: 2-3 tablespoons of ammonia in a bucket of water. Feed at the root, in moist soil, once a week.
Outcome
Ammonia is a versatile fertilizer suitable for most garden crops. Compared to other nitrogenous fertilizers, it is completely harmless to humans and pets, and also serves as a feeding and protection against pests at the same time.
Despite the benefits, excess nitrogen negatively affects plant growth. Therefore, do not carry out preventive feeding more often than once a week, and use low-concentrated solutions to treat plants, increasing the dosage over time.
Who doesn't know about ammonia? "Ammonia" is used not only in medicine, but also in household chores. Quite often motorists use them to clean the optics and glass of cars, housewives with ammonia make a remedy for and "update" the look of furniture. Gardeners and flower growers use "ammonia" to feed plants, disinfect greenhouses, etc.
By chemical composition"Ammonia" is an ammonium solution, that is, ammonia infusion or nitrogen fertilizer. It is recommended to use ammonia when there is a lack of nitrogen in the soil. Try to wear a respirator when using ammonia.
Fertilizing indoor plants with ammonia
Houseplants themselves often signal that there is little nitrogen in the soil: their leaves grow poorly, turn yellow and fall off prematurely. A solution of ammonia will help restore the nitrogen balance.
How to feed indoor plants with ammonia:
- dissolve in 2 liters of water 1 tbsp. l. ammonia;
- water the soil in a pot,
- Consumption: 150 g of solution for 1 plant.
There is no need to wait for the leaves to lose their typical color and begin to fall off. Nitrogen in the form of dissolved ammonia can be applied regularly once a week. The prophylactic dose can be halved. Lilies, geraniums, clematis and hydrangeas are especially fond of nitrogen fertilization.
For more information on how and how to feed your favorite flowers correctly, read the articles:
Top dressing with ammonia onions
Ammonia stimulates active growth of green onion feathers. In addition, the pungent smell of ammonia perfectly scares away other types of onions. One of the ways to deal with the onion fly is described in the article on.
How to feed onions with ammonia:
- dissolve 1 tsp. ammonia in 1 liter of water;
- water the beds with onions once a week;
- fertilizer consumption: 1 liter of solution per 1 m².
Also, a solution of ammonia is effectively used when. Early shoots of garlic need nitrogen fertilization. Use ammonium nitrate, scattering in the root zone, and ammonia water for foliar dressing. Ammonia water is prepared by diluting ammonia: 20 ml per 10 liters of water.
Fertilizing cucumbers with ammonia
Cucumbers begin to be fed with ammonia at the very beginning of shoot growth.
How to feed cucumbers with ammonia:
- dissolve in 1 bucket of water 3 tbsp. l. ammonia;
- water in the evening;
- avoid getting the solution on the leaves of the plant;
- consumption: 2 liters per 1 m² of the garden;
If, after the first watering, the growth of shoots is weak, many male flowers will form that will not tie the fruit, then the amount of ammonia can be doubled and 1 tsp added to the solution. superphosphate.
For more information on when, what and when to feed cucumbers, read the articles:
Fertilizing tomatoes with ammonia
For an enviable harvest, tomato plants must be strong and healthy. In this case, the vegetative mass should not be too much. Therefore, do not rush to pour the tomatoes. big amount ammonia.
Start with small doses, such as 5 tsp. on a bucket of water. Evaluate the response of the plants. If everything is in order, then the dose can be increased. Remember that the maximum dose of ammonia for tomatoes is 1 tsp. for 1 liter of water.
How to feed tomatoes with ammonia:
- dissolve 5-10 tsp. in 1 bucket of water;
- watering must be done at the root;
- consumption: 1 bucket for 15-20 tomato plants.
For more information on how and what to feed tomatoes, read the articles and watch the video:
