In life home master, periodically there is a need to produce curly and simply decorative cuts, including inside the workpiece. Gasoline, circular and conventional hand saws they cannot cope with this task, due to their design features... To solve this problem, use manual jigsaw specially designed to perform such operations. This tool undoubtedly copes with its task, but when working with large volumes or dimensional materials, it definitely loses to its more professional brother - a jigsaw.
Getting a brand new, shiny and functional desktop jigsaw is no problem at all. Shop counters are filled with products from various manufacturers aimed at professional and amateur work. At first glance, the stationary jigsaws on sale seem to be very complex in terms of design, which are assembled only by a select number of expert technicians. In fact, it is quite simple devices, which you can do yourself, with the desire and step-by-step instructions. And if the first point depends only on you, with the second we will definitely help and provide detailed manual on self-assembly homemade jigsaw.
Scope of application
Special design and slim saw blade, make the desktop jigsaw a unique device, indispensable when performing certain types tasks. The most popular, this device has won in the woodworking industry. It is often used in delicate works for the manufacture of jewelry, souvenirs, musical instruments and furniture.One of the main features for which the jigsaw machine for wood is so valued is the ability to carry out internal cuts of the workpiece without damaging its contour. Convenience of use, when both hands of the operator are free and can best control the position of the product on the working surface, plays an important role in the usefulness of this device. To everything else, it is worth adding the accuracy of the resulting cutting line, as well as the ability to work with plastic and metal. All of the above advantages make a desktop jigsaw the best tool for cutting decorative elements.
The principle of operation of the jigsaw machine
To form the clearest possible representation of a desktop jigsaw device, you need to understand what it consists of. Further, we will list all the structural elements of an elementary apparatus of this type, without additional functionality (removal of sawdust, speed regulator, tilt of the working surface and other gadgets). So, a stationary jigsaw consists of the following components:- Stable base
- Electric motor
- Crank assembly
- Desktop
- Upper and lower arm
- File clamping device
The whole process originates from the motor, which transmits rotation to the crank mechanism, which converts the circular motion into reciprocating. On the connecting rod, which is part of the mechanism, the movement is transferred to the lower arm, forcing it to move up and down. The entire structure described above is located under the work table. The upper arm is located above the table surface and is connected to the lower spring that serves as the saw blade tensioner. At the ends of both levers opposite from the spring, there is a clamp, where a file is installed that makes a cut of the workpiece.
For greater clarity of the entire process described above, we give next drawing jigsaw with the function of the saw blade tension regulator. Although this feature is one of the main ones, we did not include it in the description of the design of an elementary device, since it is possible to work without it.
Jigsaw from jigsaw
Not everyone has a need for regular decorative curly cuts. Often, to solve such problems, home craftsmen only need an ordinary hand-held electric jigsaw. Not everyone wants to purchase a bulky and rather expensive device for a one-time use and further dust collection. Nevertheless, in everyday life, sometimes a job appears that requires the most accurate and accurate sawing. In this case, you can assemble a fairly simple machine from a jigsaw with your own hands, using minimal set materials and a little imagination.
Today, the network contains many variety of options execution of a table jigsaw, varying degrees complexity and efficiency. After reviewing dozens of products, we settled on the most interesting and at the same time simple assembly that meets the main requirements for cut quality. Even a beginner who has at his disposal can assemble a similar jigsaw from a manual jigsaw with his own hands necessary tool... For assembly you will need:
- Chipboard sheet (3 pieces): 600x400x20 (length, width, height)
- Spring
- Profile tube (1.5 m): 30x30x2 (length, width, thickness)
- Jigsaw
- Flat washers (4 pcs)
- Bolts for washers and joints
- Self-tapping screws for assembling tabletops
Required tools:
- Welding machine
- Grinder with a disc for metal
- Screwdriver
1. The first step is to assemble the base of the future machine. For this we take 3 prepared chipboard sheet or another thick enough wood material and we make of them a construction similar to the letter "p". We fix at the edges with self-tapping screws. For greater reliability and stability, you can make a back wall.
2. In the center of the surface of the assembled tabletop, we outline the future holes for the saw and several fasteners for the jigsaw. To do this, remove the sole from the jigsaw, apply it with the opposite (not flat) side to the future attachment point and make several points through the grooves of the sole. At this stage, it is necessary to observe accuracy, since the jigsaw installed from below must have the most accurate, perpendicular position to the side edges of the table, in order to avoid skewing the saw during further work. The marked points are drilled with a drill 3-4 mm, and the central one (for a file) by 10 mm. As in the photos below.
3. After fixing the jigsaw under the table top, proceed to assembling the upper arm from square pipe, serving as a saw blade tensioner. As a fixed base, we cut off a part of the pipe, 300 mm long and weld fixing elements (corners or ears) from one of the ends. The movable part should be slightly longer (about 45 cm). The connection of the two elements is carried out using a bolt with a nut and a U-shaped metal element welded to the end of the rack, as in the photo below.
A washer is welded to the end of the movable arm, which will be located directly on the file, which will serve as the upper attachment element.
4. Before installing the assembled tensioner assembly to the table top surface, be sure to position the end of the boom directly over the hole drilled for the file. If top mount will go to the side strongly, the file will often break, complicating the cutting process. When the ideal position of the tensioner has been verified, we fasten the structure to the tabletop with bolts.
5. Since the jigsaw is not adapted to work with thin files, we make a simple adapter-adapter for it. To do this, we take an old saw blade, grind the teeth with a grinder, cut them to a length of 3-4 cm and weld a regular nut to the end, into which the machine saw will be clamped using the second nut and bolt.
When making such an adapter, pay Special attention to its length. If it is too large, the nut will hit the bottom of the countertop, which could break the tool.
6. When the file is clamped in both fasteners, all that remains is to tension it and start working. The implementation of such a function is straightforward. We fasten the spring to the back of the movable arm with a bolt and nut, and fix the opposite part to the tabletop to the required length. It is very easy to determine the tension. To do this, just slide your finger along the file, like on a guitar string. A high pitched sound will indicate that the device is suitable for use.
At this stage, the assembly of the elementary device is considered complete. To more clearly understand how to make a machine out of a jigsaw, we recommend watching the following video.
Homemade jigsaw from a drill
The screwdriver and drill are among the most common power tools in any household. These devices are powerful enough, have a wide range of applications and are sometimes even used as drives for various mechanisms. It is as the engine that the author of the following do-it-yourself table jigsaw assembly guide uses the drill.
The process of making a classic machine presented below does not require welding and cutting metal with a grinder, but at the same time it perfectly demonstrates the principle of operation of such an apparatus. The device is based on an elementary crank mechanism, which can be made in a couple of minutes, having at your disposal a piece of plywood and a short steel bar with a diameter of 6 mm. Unfortunately, the author did not provide detailed drawing jigsaw, but closed many questions by mounting a visual video instruction.
The whole assembly process includes a lot small parts, easy to understand and do not require additional comments. For this reason, we decided not to explain elementary things in words, but to touch only the basic details of the design. By tradition, let's start the instructions by listing the required materials.
- Wooden lath (2 pcs): 500x40x20 (length, width, thickness)
- Chipboard for base: 400x350x20
- Chipboard for worktop: 320x320x20
- Chipboard strips (2 pcs): 350x50x20
- Aluminum sheet: 400x400x1
- Drill (screwdriver)
- PVC tubes (4 pcs): 300 mm long
- Self-tapping screws, bolts, washers and nuts
- Wood glue
- Steel bar, diameter 6mm (for crank assembly)
- Spring
Required tools:
- Screwdriver or drill
- Pliers
- Metal scissors
- A hammer
In place of the presented file tensioning mechanism, you can install a small lanyard with a fixing nut. Thus, the tensioning process will be more convenient and efficient.
As a file, the author uses steel wire for survival in the forest. Of course, a perfectly even cut cannot be obtained with such an element, therefore, a fastener should be made at the ends of the upper and lower arms. You can clamp the file between two washers tightened with a screw and a pair of nuts.
For the strongest and most comfortable fixing of the crank, it is better to use a keyed drill chuck. With this element, you can quickly remove the drill or screwdriver when you need it elsewhere. It can just as easily be tightened back.
We hope that the presented guide was useful and clearly conveyed the principle of operation and manufacture of the device. You can see a more visual instruction on how to make a homemade jigsaw in the video below.
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This article will focus on the design homemade machine from household jigsaw... Below will be given step-by-step instruction, photos, videos, as well as drawings and diagrams.
Introduction
There are a lot of constructive options - from the simplest, where it just sticks out of the tabletop, to quite complex structures with guides, the ability to cut at an angle, when it is possible to set not only 90 degrees to the base, but to change the angle (well, within reason, of course). There are devices (machines) for, that is, making a straight and even cut.
Such devices are increasingly used due to their versatility and functionality. In fact, in terms of parameters and purpose, they are similar to stationary machines and have a strictly defined practical use in every workshop.
Appointment
| Plywood thickness, mm | Plywood layers, not less | Sanded plywood | Unsanded plywood | ||
| Limit deviation, mm | Different thickness | Deviation, mm | Different thickness | ||
| 3 mm | 3 | +0,3/-0,4 | 0,6 | +0,4/-0,3 | 0,6 |
| 4 mm | 3 | +0,3/-0,5 | +0,8/-0,4 | 1,0 | |
| 6 mm | 5 | +0,4/-0,5 | +0,9/-0,4 | ||
| 9 mm | 7 | +0,4/-0,6 | +1,0/-0,5 | ||
| 12 mm | 9 | +0,5/-0,7 | +1,1/-0,6 | ||
| 15 mm | 11 | +0,6/-0,8 | +1,2/-0,7 | 1,5 | |
| 18 mm | 13 | +0,7/-0,9 | +1,3/-0,8 | ||
| 21 mm | 15 | +0,8/-1,0 | +1,4/-0,9 | ||
| 24 mm | 17 | +0,9/-1,1 | +1,5/-1,0 | ||
| 27 mm | 19 | +1,0/-1,2 | 1,0 | +1,6/-1,1 | 2,0 |
| 30 mm | 21 | +1,1/-1,3 | +1,7/-1,2 | ||
Preparatory stage
- draw up sketches and make a drawing of the future product,
- make paper patterns for future elements and details
- stick templates on the blanks of future parts.
There are two ways to make templates - take tracing paper and draw the kennels of the future workpiece on it. This has been done since ancient times, since nothing is needed for this, except for a ruler and a pencil. However, if you have a computer and a printer, it would be nice of course A3, but A4 is also suitable (you just have to print several sheets and then glue them together), then the process of drawing with a pencil and a ruler can be replaced by drawing the contours of blanks on a computer.
Then we cut out with a clerical blade or just a sharp knife.
After that Once the template is ready, it needs to be glued to the workpiece.
Advice: Do not glue tightly, as in the future you will have to remove the template, and it will be difficult if you glue it tightly. Accordingly, you can glue, for example, on stationery glue, use a glue stick or, as in our example, glue in the form of a spray.
Creating blanks
At this stage, you need to do:
- Cut the workpieces exactly according to the template,
- Process workpieces - align ends, remove burrs
- Drill the required holes;
- Make grooves with a file;
- Drill out the seats for the bearings;
- Select the grooves with a router for the cover and the seat;
We install the bracket. It should be noted that the bracket must be fastened without over-tightening the nut - there must be free play. To do this, use a self-locking nut and tighten it only slightly.
Installing the spring should be straightforward. You need to do as shown in the photo below.
For the future fastening of the file, you need to make simplest clamp in the form of a plate with two holes. It must also be fitted to the bracket using a self-locking nut. Moreover, the backlash of the plate in seat because the bracket moves, and the clamped plate will impede its movement.
Below is a sketch of the structure of the upper file attachment point.
Then it is necessary to make technological holes for the jigsaw controls, so that it is convenient to change the engine speed, you can access the start button and its latch. There is another solution that makes it more convenient to turn on the tool - this is to place an outlet and a switch in an easily accessible place on the machine body that would turn on and off the voltage in the outlet. We turn on the plug of the jigsaw cord into an outlet, and it turns out that we will turn it on and off using a switch installed in a convenient place for us. However, this is a matter of taste.
So, below is the production of technological holes on the body.
This is what the controls look like, which are now available.
Now you need to make clamps for the file itself. The principle is simple - we take a bolt and make a cut at the base of the cap, but not completely. In the future, the saw itself will be inserted into this cut. The principle is shown in the photo below.
This is how the installation and assembly of the upper file attachment unit is carried out.
The lower unit is almost similar to the upper one, except that not a plate is used, but a standard file is taken (you can use "BU"), almost the entire cutting part is sawn off with a grinder (angle grinder) and the shank is left. In the rest of the cutting part, a hole is made with a similar bolt with a slot at the base of the head, into which the file will also fit. The principle is shown below.
After the file is fixed, we install the jigsaw itself. We fix it with countersunk head bolts so that they do not stick out on the table top of the machine.
Now you need to adjust the perpendicularity of the file relative to the table of our machine. To do this, you can use a square, or, in our case, just a bar that is exactly cut off. We do the adjustment as follows. To adjust the file to the left / right, adjust the upper plate - its displacement on the axis - respectively in the desired direction.
And to adjust the position of the file forward / backward, the movement of the file attachment unit itself is used forward or backward.
The machine is almost ready, it remains to make and install the plate that surrounds the jigsaw file. It can be made of PCB or any piece of sheet plastic.
This completes the production of a jigsaw machine.
We hope that the presented material was useful to you.
Conclusion
dimensions
Here is a table with overall dimensions:
General assembly diagram
We will attach a complete assembly diagram, which in a sense can be a 3B drawing for making a machine from a jigsaw with your own hands.
Video
The video on which this material was made.
Fans of their own crafts have long appreciated the benefits of such a tool as a do-it-yourself desktop jigsaw, which allows you to further expand the capabilities of the tool. Combining it with an electric drive gave a huge positive effect in improving quality and productivity. Hand-held electric jigsaws are widespread among home craftsmen.
The quality of a jigsaw thread depends on the hardness and precision of a person's hands.
Manual electric jigsaw, with all the undoubted advantages, should be in the hands of a person during work. The quality of the carving in this case depends entirely on the hardness and precision of the craftsman's hand. You can simplify the process of making complex figures if you assemble a table jigsaw yourself.
Desktop jigsaw design principles
The principle of sawing with a hand-held electric jigsaw is based on the condition that the part is fixed motionless, and the sawing is done by manually moving the device. The accuracy of the cut, the inclination of the saw depends entirely on the skill of the worker. If you make homemade table jigsaws, then you can change the sawing principle - the device will be fixed perpendicular to the plane of the table, while the sheet is fed to cutting tool... The workpiece is moved along the plane of the table, which does not require effort, and the direction should be controlled by guide rails.
The table jigsaw has a row positive qualities... The quality of the cut is increased due to the fixed vertical position of the saw and the controlled movement of the workpiece. Physically, the process is facilitated, since there is no need to hold the instrument in your hands. Placing the file from bottom to top improves quality by eliminating material chips on the edges of the cut.
A desktop jigsaw should be a stationary structure, in which it is necessary to provide a plane for moving the workpiece and a system for attaching an electric hand tool. Additional elements A guiding system, cutting element tensioning mechanisms and devices for facilitating the movement of the file can be aimed at improving the quality of cuts. The working surface is usually a countertop, and its size is determined by the dimensions of the workpiece, and the height of the installation is determined by ease of maintenance.
If it is decided to make, then you need to prepare the following tools:
- electric drill with a set of drills;
- grinder with cutting discs;
- screwdriver;
- hacksaw;
- chisel;
- hacksaw for metal;
- a hammer;
- taps;
- dies;
- screwdriver;
- file;
- calipers.
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Tabletop jigsaw for urgent use
If it becomes necessary to fix the tool, you can quickly make a simple structure. The worktop is manufactured in the form plywood sheet 12-15 mm thick, 50x60 cm in size. At a distance of approximately 15-20 cm from the edge of the sheet, a hole with a diameter of 20-25 mm is drilled on one side. Holes are drilled from the bottom of the plywood to fix the sole of the jigsaw, and so that the file entered earlier drilled hole in the center. There are usually holes in the sole of the jigsaw, and they are threaded. If such holes are not observed, then they will have to be made on drilling machine(better for professionals). With the help of four bolts, the electric jigsaw is fixed to the bottom of the plywood sheet, and its saw is brought up through the hole.
Such a simple structure can now be installed on the edge of any massive table or workbench. The jigsaw should be outside the countertop. The rest of the plywood sheet is attached to the table with clamps.
More versatile simplest design it will turn out if you fix it in the corners of such a desktop jigsaw metal legs... They can be made from steel strip 4-5 mm thick. The height of such legs should exceed the size of the jigsaw by 2-3 cm, so that it does not rest against the surface when installing the new structure on the legs.
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Stationary table of simple design
If the jigsaw is used often, then it stationary structure should be based on your desk. A simple table can be made from a chipboard sheet with a thickness of 15-18 mm. Such a table is assembled from two sidewalls 45-50 cm wide and back wall 70-80 cm wide. The height of the walls is chosen based on the height of the worker, but usually it is about 80 cm. The walls are assembled into the table frame using wooden block or corners. In the lower and upper parts, it is recommended to fix reinforcing collets (jumpers) from a wooden bar or rail.
The table top is made of plywood with a thickness of 12-15 mm and a size of about 70x100 cm. A hole is drilled on the table top for the file to exit in a place convenient for the worker. An electric jigsaw is fixed from below in the same way as in the case considered. To improve the quality of sawing, possible unnecessary vibrations of the saw should be eliminated, for which a simple device is suitable. The saw is guided between two small bearings (10-15 mm) of any type. A metal strip bracket mounted on a table top can be used to mount the bearings. It is recommended to place movable guide rails on the surface of the tabletop, which are attached to the end of the tabletop using clamps.
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Improving the table
A jigsaw table can be significantly refined if you make it from wooden beams... You can use a bar with a thickness of 70-80 mm.
The legs of such a table are connected with collets at the top and bottom. It is recommended to connect the beams with the help of spikes inserted into the groove. The joints are coated with wood glue. The height of the table is about 80-100 cm, the distance between the legs is 60-80 cm.
With the help of a homemade jigsaw machine, anyone can make furniture, modern comfortable shelves and other wood products. Its mechanism helps to cut wooden parts absolutely any shape. And also with its help you can process plastic and other dense materials. In order for a jigsaw to comply with all the rules and regulations, you need to carefully approach the choice of its design. In addition, drawings from the network will help to make a jigsaw machine with your own hands.
Jigsaw machine design
Absolutely any electric homemade jigsaw contains such parts:
- drive unit;
- connecting rod assembly;
- saw;
- work surface;
- saw tensioning mechanism;
- additional mechanisms.
The material for processing should be laid on the work surface. Many models are equipped with a swivel mechanism that changes the incline of the cutting surface. In order to facilitate the application of markings on the material to be processed, a graduation is applied to the working surface. It is worth choosing a jigsaw machine with a large worktable, because it will be able to make the longest cut on it. Basically, most models of jigsaws have a similar figure of about 35 centimeters. The optimum drive power for a do-it-yourself jigsaw machine is no more than 200 watts.
Crank assembly mechanism is capable of converting the rotation of the drive into a linear motion and transfers it to the saw. The optimal frequency of the saw movement per minute is about 900, and the amplitude of the vertical movement should not exceed 6 centimeters.
Many types of jigsaw machines are equipped with a speed controller, which allows you to adjust depending on the type of material. The jigsaw file is capable of processing wood and plastic up to 12 centimeters thick, with a length of up to 40 centimeters. To work with various materials, the files can be changed, their width ranges from 2 to 12 millimeters. A manual tensioning mechanism secures the file for even cut... Its role is played by spring or coil springs.
The main types of jigsaw machines
All jigsaw machines are usually divided on such grounds:
The most popular are jigsaw bottom slide machines, in which the bed is divided into upper and lower parts. The first contains the cleaning and cutting modules, and the second contains the electric motor, controller module, switching and transmission mechanisms. These machines can handle absolutely any sheet of material.
Double slide jigsaws have a major difference. It consists in the fact that there is another rail at the top of the bed. Such equipment is well suited for the manufacture of oversized products. Such devices are very easy to install and allow processing products with a thickness of no more than 9 centimeters. Additionally, the machine comes with a convenient working table with adjustable height and angles.
Suspended jigsaws not equipped with a stationary bed and have great mobility. When the work is performed, the cutting module moves, and not the material being processed. The working module itself is self-fixed on the ceiling, which is why the size of the workpiece does not matter. The cutting mechanism moves by hand independently of the bed. In this case, it becomes possible to make a wide variety of patterns.
Jigsaw machines with stops and degree scale ideal for the most precise work with drawings. Their design helps to avoid errors during operation. Jigsaw machines of a universal type are capable of doing several types of work. These are, first of all, cutting, grinding, polishing, drilling and many others.
How to make a jigsaw with your own hands
When developing a drawing of a homemade jigsaw machine tool total number elements need to be reduced to minimum quantity... A saw with a fixed rocker, an electric motor and a bed is enough. If desired, a motor from any electric machine will do. People who own a hand-held jigsaw are much more fortunate. It is necessary to make a special stand from a plywood sheet and fix a jigsaw on it. To secure it, it is worth making holes in the base of the jigsaw. Thus, the simplest jigsaw machine can be considered ready.
Further, it is worth talking about more functional and complex models of devices that can be made by hand. Homemade bed is done from a sheet of plywood 12 millimeters thick, textolite or plastic. Such a bed is a working surface, a base of the machine and a special box for the location of various mechanisms and an electric motor.
On the reverse side, it is necessary to place an eccentric with a rocker, which must be connected with a metal plate with bearings and bushings. This whole structure is necessarily fixed with screws. To install the countershaft, you need to find several bearings. A special metal pulley fits on the shaft quite tightly, and the screw connector is securely fastened. In a similar way, you need to make a homemade eccentric for the apparatus.
In order to change the frequency of movement of the rocking chair, on the installed flange, it is necessary to make several through holes and cut the threads into them. They must be at different distances from the central axis. By changing the place where the screw is screwed in, you can adjust the amplitude of movement of the rocker, which is a few wooden rocker arms fixed to the rack by hinges. The ends of the rocker arms have through cuts, into which the tensioning screws are inserted. A file is attached to the other ends, moving with metal hinges. For fixing the file is installed in a special groove of the working surface.
Saw attachment can be considered the most important. When assembling a jigsaw with your own hands, this part should be given great attention. The plates inserted into the rocker arms carry a huge load during operation, which is why they need to be properly strengthened and tightened with fastening materials. The two attachment shackles do not need to be tightly compressed with the screws, which will allow the axle pivots to move.
Rocking strut mechanism best made from solid material. On one side, you need to make a groove for the rocker arm, and on the other, you need to cut a rectangular opening for the second rocker arm. In order to make it easier to make holes, it is worth folding the rack from several parts.
IN recent times I was very interested in cutting out with a jigsaw, I don't even know why. It all started with the fact that I needed to cut a few gears from plywood ...
And off it went. At first I sawed out the gears by hand, then I thought, swinging the muscle with a hand jigsaw is certainly good, but if you automate the process, it will be much faster!
So, first, get acquainted, this is a hand-held jigsaw for art cutting.
(all pictures in this article were found on the Internet)
To cut you need files, they are thin as wire, with sharp teeth. Previously, such files were sold in a pack of 50 pieces. Recently I went to a store, so these "bismen" began to sell them one by one. During the evening, you can break a couple of such files.
For cutting, we also need a special table, it can be a board with a tapered slot, screwed to the table with screws or a clamp.
For the convenience of attaching the files to the machine, it is better to use a special device that will compress the contour of the jigsaw, so you can easily change the file without effort. Compression takes place with the help of a wooden eccentric.
And now about automation. In the next photo you see a factory-type desktop jigsaw; on the Internet you can find a sea of various modifications. This thing is not very expensive, but even if I really want to in my city I can't find this, and in principle there is nothing to it. 
Industrial machines are certainly good, but I will probably use them for a couple of months and give up this occupation, and in general, as I learned, such a machine can be easily assembled from plywood and wooden blocks.
The next photo uses an industrial manual jigsaw and a spring to return the file.
So, we can easily assemble a tabletop jigsaw with our own hands at home. I personally did so, but I have a special design, in this article there are no photos of mine, but I will definitely post, as well as a video at work.