Having built a house from wood, most likely, you wanted to do something natural and natural in its interior decoration. At the same time, do not forget about the beauty of the interior, which can be created from the most ordinary materials, with certain knowledge.
Decorating the walls of a wooden house from the inside can be a truly exciting experience. In this article we will talk about how you can transform the appearance of your "fortress".
As in all works, this one should also adhere to a certain sequence.
A violation can significantly affect the appearance of the structure:
- Before starting the installation of any material, it is necessary to pre-process the walls. Remember that wood is a material that resists moisture, mold, and insects.
Plus, assembling a house from wood will not create perfect protection from cold and drafts. - All cracks are clogged with tow or moss, which will create an insulating barrier and reduce heat loss by up to 40%. If you plan to sheathe the walls and ceiling using frame structures, then this will allow you to mount additional layers of hydro, heat and vapor barrier.
- If there is no frame, then you can perform insulation treatment using mixtures, mastics and impregnations. Resistance to fungi and insects is achieved in a similar way, using special antiseptic solutions.
- Such wood processing initially relieves you of the problem of rodents, which is very important for a country house.
- Many materials combine the listed properties at the same time. This saves you the trouble of doing the same work over and over.
- All of the above measures will increase the life of your repair, and the house as a whole, and create a favorable climate for its inhabitants.
Finishing materials
There is a great variety of materials on the market today. It will be very difficult for an inexperienced person to understand them, if not completely impossible.
Therefore, we will try to make the most detailed analysis of all common options:
- One of the most affordable ways is to decorate the walls of a wooden house with plasterboard. This material enjoys unprecedented popularity today.
It is unpretentious and easy to handle, strong and flexible at the same time. There are even moisture-resistant and fireproof sheets (GKLVO).
- Another advantage of using this material is that you get perfectly flat walls and ceiling. And all this for a very reasonable price.
The average price of one square meter of drywall will cost you about 100 rubles (excluding the cost of the frame). - You may not have to spend money on a frame, since a wooden house has many wooden beams, or it may even be of a frame type, which will simplify the process of installing drywall as much as possible. In this case, the set of tools required for installation is also reduced.
All you need is a screwdriver, a hacksaw and a regular utility knife.
- It is also very important that when creating frames, you have the opportunity to hide all technical units, such as: elements of the heating system; ventilation, electrical wiring; water supply and sewer pipes; unnecessary floors that do not carry any aesthetic value.
- Also, the free space under the main skin is well ventilated, which saves you unnecessary moisture. In addition, you can create niches, build in lighting fixtures, consumer electronics and even an air conditioner.
Lining and plywood
Decorating the walls of a wooden house with plasterboard is a profitable and uncomplicated business, but there will always be people who will ask: “Where is the natural appearance? Where is the unity with nature?
We built an ordinary city house! "
In this case, natural materials will come to your aid:
- One of the most common and beautiful options is clapboard wall decoration. Lining is a planed wooden panel with a comb - groove fastening system.
The standard panel width is 96 mm, the length ranges from 2 to 6 meters.
- The lining is of several types, differing from each other by the profile of the board, the thickness and width of the working surface. Let's note the most common ones.
- Standard - a regular board with straight bevels (see photo above). Block house - a wider board made in the form of a rounded bar. Imitation of a bar - the name speaks for itself.
This view is also wider than the standard one. - All lining is divided into four quality classes: "Extra", "A", "B" and "C". Best to worst. Also pay attention to the type of wood.
You can find additional information on the properties of each variety separately on our website. - Mounting the lining to a wooden base is also quite simple. From the tools you will need a screwdriver and an electric jigsaw.
The board is fastened using a secret metal clasp, which is fixed with ordinary wood screws. - Decorating walls with plywood in a wooden house is another way to achieve great looks and functionality using materials made from wood.
- Plywood may not be as environmentally friendly as lining, but its basic properties are not inferior to natural wood. Large areas can be sheathed with this material with ease.
- The main thing to remember when choosing plywood is the same omnipresent moisture. If you have not insulated the room from leaks and condensation, then be prepared for the appearance of dark spots and streaks, and over time, the plywood in these places will rot.
Therefore, approach the issue of decoration wisely. Not only the appearance is important, but also the functionality of the room.
- Take a look at the image above, and you will understand that even a rough plywood finish with seams can complement the overall style and create an original appearance of the room.
- All the advantages of timber frame construction are realized in this room. We see many niches (see How to finish a niche in the wall and in the partition), shelving and shelves.
Built-in lighting visually divides the space into zones, and favorably emphasizes each of them. - The far wall is finished with clapboard, and in its center there is a screen canvas for the projector. He himself nestled on a supporting beam, which is also decorated with plywood.
The floor is sewn up with the same material, but the installation was done more carefully, without obvious seams.
Wooden houses are very popular among the population, because they are distinguished by beauty, environmental friendliness and a kind of elegance. Inside, such a dwelling creates a warm and cozy atmosphere. If such a house is properly finished from the inside, then for many years several generations of residents will be able to live in comfort and beauty. Photos of examples of interior decoration of houses can be found in the presented selection.
When choosing materials for interior decoration of a wooden house, you should pay attention to many factors. Households that are inhabited only in summer and all-season buildings require different materials. If the house is being built for living only in warm months, then there is no need for any additional insulation materials. In this case, varnish, stain or special tinting is sufficient for wood processing.
The good thing about a wooden house is that it retains its unique microclimate. The materials used for interior decoration should not adversely affect the temperature and humidity indicators. The optimal finish for such a house should be suitable in composition to wood, that is, be safe and environmentally friendly.
Log in the interior of a wooden house The coefficients of the main material of the house and the decoration should also be taken into account, since the difference in temperature and humidity can expand or contract the materials. It is undesirable to build humid rooms with strong heating from a coniferous massif. In such a microclimate, resin begins to actively form. When decorating different rooms in the house, you should take into account the characteristics of the room, but keep the general theme.
Features of using drywall
It is recommended to use drywall as a finish if you need to eliminate any defects: smooth uneven walls or close communications. Interior partitions are made of drywall, and ceilings are also trimmed with them. If it is required to finish a room with high humidity, then it is recommended to use moisture-resistant materials, and if the temperature is elevated, then fire-resistant coatings will be required. A crate made of timber is usually installed under the drywall. A metal profile construction is not suitable for wooden houses.
Lining
Although lining has been used in construction for a long time, now there are new, modern types of this material. The photo shows that it looks very aesthetically pleasing and is easy to assemble. The lamellas are interconnected with the help of special fasteners, which allow you to create a perfectly flat beautiful surface. Clapboard sheathing is suitable for a bathroom, kitchen, veranda, that is, for rooms where it is always humid.
The lining has the following advantages:
- environmental friendliness;
- ease of installation;
- a wide palette of all kinds of colors and shades;
- a large selection of varieties.
The disadvantages of this material include too high a price and the fact that it needs careful care. Before you start sheathing the walls with clapboard, you need to install a lathing from a bar. Lamellas are thoroughly cleaned and dried beforehand. If there are stains, they are removed with ammonia or hydrogen peroxide. The final stage is lining the lining with varnish, sanding and another varnishing.
Block house
Recently, a new type of lining - block house - has gained great popularity all over the world. Using this material for cladding the walls of a wooden house allows you to preserve the unique microclimate of the room. The block house is made of high quality wood and surpasses natural wood in its characteristics and performance indicators. Even after a few years, the finish looks brand new.
The main advantages of a block house:
- mechanical strength;
- environmental friendliness;
- aesthetic appearance;
- light weight;
- ease of assembly.
The material resembles natural wood in texture and is highly decorative. The photo shows the quality and aesthetics of the block house. For interior decoration, lamellas with a thickness of no more than 25 mm are suitable. It is undesirable to use thicker lamellas, since it will require increased strength of the lathing from the bar. This, in turn, will lead to a decrease in the free space in the room. The disadvantages of the material include too low vapor permeability and increased flammability.
When calculating the required amount of material, you always need to add 10% to the stock. If suddenly there are not enough lamellas, then you will have to buy from another batch, which may differ slightly in color. After leaving the warehouse, the material must lie in the room for two days in order to reach room temperature.
Wall decoration with block house Stages of work when finishing with a block house:
- the material is mounted on a crate from a bar, every 50 cm;
- the distance between the bars is laid out with insulation. In this way, heat and sound insulation is preserved;
- individual boards of the block house are easily interconnected with the help of protrusions located on their surface, this can be seen in the photo;
- from above, the material is varnished, which should be periodically renewed.
Clean log house
If desired, you can make the interior decoration of the house using a clean log house. This will preserve the natural style of the room, providing the unique aroma of fresh wood. In recent years, this type of finish has become increasingly popular due to its environmental friendliness, beauty and durability.
A clean log house requires regular maintenance: renewing the coating, removing dust and dirt. After five years, additional sanding and surface varnishing will be required.
Profiled timber as a finish for a wooden house The disadvantages of this type of finish include high flammability and the possibility of rotting. Also, a clean log house will not be able to hide the flaws of the walls, which are formed over time from moisture, temperature changes and shrinkage.
Plaster
Plaster in wooden houses is only suitable as a decorative coating for some areas. It will be correct to finish with textured types of material.
The advantages of this type of material, they can be seen in the photo:
- quickly levels surfaces;
- retains its original properties for a long time;
- very resistant to various mechanical influences;
- does not need careful care;
- dirt is not absorbed;
- a large palette of colors and textures.
The price of the material in stores is quite high. Moreover, the finishing with putty needs to be renewed every five years due to the shrinkage of the wooden house. If this does not frighten, then the finishing can be done with plaster.
Painting
This option for finishing a private house is suitable for smooth surfaces without any flaws. Beforehand, it is required to carefully grind and tint the wall surfaces. The existing small defects of the seams are hidden with a special cord. It also serves as an insulating element.
By painting the surfaces of a wooden house, you can highlight the natural beauty and style. For wall surfaces and ceilings, both a colored antiseptic and water-based paint are suitable. Such processing creates aesthetics and allows the base to breathe.
Why is a colored antiseptic good:
- protection against fungal diseases and mold;
- preservation of the structure of the tree and the natural texture of the log house;
- aesthetic appearance;
- natural patterns on the wood stand out, creating a decorative tone.
First, the surfaces are treated with a colorless antiseptic, and then covered with a tinting solution. Any color intensity can be achieved if desired. It depends on how many layers to apply. In modern stores, you can choose a tinting composition of a wide variety of shades. The types of coatings have different textures - from glossy to silky matte. The choice of staining, as shown in the photo, will help create an individual style of the room.
Panels
This is a fairly popular type of decoration that helps to emphasize the unique style of the interior. The choice of materials is very large, so that everyone can choose them according to their taste and for different styles. Modern panels are made of laminated veneer MDF, which imitates the patterns of not only wood, but also leather, bamboo, and plaster.
Why wall panels are good:
- convenient installation;
- good heat and sound insulation;
- stylish appearance.
The panels are selected according to the size in each case. First, you need to install a fixed lathing from a bar. It is very easy to mount the elements, for this they use the tongue and groove system. After the end of the work, an even coating without seams is obtained, which is suitable for the interior of any room.
Wall decoration with panels Choosing a floor surface
Choosing a floor covering for a wooden house should be done with great care, because it should be distinguished by essential strength and reliability. Natural boards on the floor will accentuate the style of the room and complement it harmoniously. In order to protect the boards from moisture and pathogenic microorganisms, they are covered with varnish and antiseptic.
Laminate flooring will decorate the room, creating a unique style. This coating is applied very quickly. The laminate looks quite natural, it has a natural wood structure. It does not require special care and is durable enough.
Laminate flooring Experts assure that it is necessary to use thermal insulation in a private house. A special insulating material is placed on the sub-floor before finishing. Insulation can be mineral wool, foil insulators or special bulk materials, such as those shown in the photo. Thermal insulation is laid out between the beams. The insulated sub-floor should not come into contact with the finish. There must be a gap of at least two centimeters between them.
How to finish the ceiling
For home decoration, how the ceiling surface is processed is of great importance. With the help of various materials, you can visually enlarge the room, make it more spacious and more comfortable.
Caisson-type finishes are becoming increasingly popular among buyers. Thanks to the combination of wooden beams and decorative inserts, it looks very beautiful and unusual. You can also use painting on the ceiling. This option is more suitable for the ethno style.
The ceiling in a wooden structure, if desired, can also be trimmed with clapboard. With its help, a flat surface is created, and, thanks to the various textures and shades of the material, the completed ceiling will stand out against the background of the wall cladding.
Those who prefer a loft or country style interior may not finish the ceiling at all. Natural wood with natural chips, cracks and patterns will look very natural in such interiors, and the original beauty of the material will be preserved.
In the presented photo you can see the Scandinavian style of housing design. It is distinguished by stylish laconic design. This style is characterized by the use of natural wood materials, both for the construction of the building and for its decoration. Such a house will be very individual.
When finishing the ceiling in a room where it is often humid, the choice of materials should be taken especially seriously. It is undesirable to use only wood in this case, as it can rot over time. In rooms such as a kitchen, bathroom, toilet, it is best to use stretch ceilings. The PVC cover will reliably protect the tree from moisture and steam. It has a varied palette of colors and textures and ultimately looks stylish and in the spirit of the times.
Most suitable ceiling materials:
- stretch coverings;
- laminate;
- veneered panels.
How to sheathe the walls
When decorating a wooden house, wall cladding is started after the installation of communications and electrical wiring is completed. First, the surfaces must be checked with a level and make sure they are level. If there are irregularities, it is necessary to mount the frame or lathing for laying. When installing a batten from a bar between the slats, it is required to leave a space of 40 to 70 centimeters. It is filled with insulating material.
Having fixed the insulation, they begin to trim it clean. A variety of modern materials can be used for it. Everyone makes the choice of the surface, based both on their individual preferences and on the stylistic solution of the interior of the room, which can be seen in the photo. Lining and other materials imitating timber are very popular.
When using a lining that imitates a bar, the room will acquire an original style, warmth and comfort. Before laying, it is imperative to make sure that there are no material defects: chips, damage and knots. After laying, the surface is treated with a special putty, sanded, covered with stain and varnish.
Choosing between a matte or glossy finish, experts advise purchasing a semi-matte finish.
The fact is that glossy compositions acquire an unpleasant unnatural shine after a short time.
Asking the question of which finishing material is the best for covering walls, we can say that this is a natural log house. Of course, first it needs to be sanded, tinted, and then applied with an antiseptic or water-based paint to protect the tree from various external damage. Any materials on a natural wooden base are also suitable. Cork is one of the modern stylish materials, but it has a significant drawback - a high price. If money isn't an issue, then cork can be a great option.
Stages of finishing a wooden house from the inside:
- caulk;
- finish the walls in the final version;
- sheathe the ceiling;
- lay the flooring;
- treat with stain;
- paint.
Before finishing work, the walls must be treated with fire and bioprotective compounds. They serve to protect wooden surfaces from various external influences: moisture, fire, steam, bugs.
Having conceived to build a wooden house, the owners often puzzle over how to hide communications in the walls. Since the walls can neither be ditched nor used with concrete screeds, communications are hidden under the finishing coatings. You need to try to choose the finish so that it looks beautiful, stylish, modern and perfectly fits the intended interior.
A modern wooden house is an excellent choice for a comfortable family stay. To preserve it for a long time, it is necessary to choose and execute the interior decoration of the premises correctly, while maintaining environmental friendliness, naturalness, style and beauty.
Interior finishing of a wooden house is one of the integral components of construction work. The installation of interior surfaces is important not only from a practical point of view, but also for the entire design of the room. If you have certain skills, it is quite possible to carry out all the work with your own hands.
Features of finishing wooden surfaces are associated with the nature of the material itself: along with the unconditional environmental value, the ability to store heat, wood is highly susceptible to decay processes. It is negatively affected by temperature drops, exposure to moisture and the activity of various microorganisms. All this is important to consider before starting the interior decoration of a wooden house.
The whole finishing process can be divided into 4 stages:
- Wall decoration - wood processing, removal of all cracks, irregularities and cladding.
- House ceiling decoration.
- Finishing the flooring.
- Creation of the interior design of the premises.
Each stage will be considered in detail and provided with examples of ready-made solutions and step-by-step instructions for work.
Decorating the walls of a wooden house: step by step instructions
Walls are one of the main sources of heat loss (up to 30% of the total). Accordingly, it is important not only to process the wooden floors themselves well, but also to install a layer of insulation that is optimal for this case.
Treatment of wood material with an antiseptic
Before carrying out all major work, it is important to carefully treat all internal and external wooden surfaces with a special antiseptic.
An antiseptic is a liquid agent that performs several functions at once:
- water-repellent properties allow to protect the wood wall from moisture, which penetrates with precipitation, as well as from the air; this is especially true in coastal regions with a humid climate;
- protection against temperature extremes by creating an additional layer;
- protection against the action of microorganisms (mold, bacteria) due to disinfecting properties;
- additional protection against combustion (some products include special fire-fighting components);
- many antiseptics include various pigments, due to which the surface acquires a beautiful color after processing.
There are a lot of options for all kinds of antiseptics on the market, and in principle they can be divided into several groups:
- Manufactured on a water basis, they are mainly used for interior work, provided there is no constant contact of wood with moisture.
- Based on organic solvents, they are used both in external and internal work: they form a dense layer that does not allow moisture to pass through and has a detrimental effect on bacteria.
- Combined ones include fire-fighting components represented by special substances.
The treatment solution can be cancer, paint, primer and other products. Description of their purpose and advantages are presented in the table.
aqualaki  |
prevent the development of bacteria and mold; colorless; do not give off odors, therefore they can be used indoors |
varnishes for wood  |
well protect from moisture by creating a dense layer |
oils  |
they penetrate the wood very deeply, protecting the inner layers; do not emit strong odors, can be used indoors |
paints  |
are used both as an independent agent and as an auxiliary one after processing with the main composition; paint wood in different colors |
| antiseptic primers |
universal products that are applied directly to raw wood |
waxes  |
viscous materials that are applied to prevent swelling and mechanical damage to wood |
In more detail about the rules for choosing a wood preservative:
An antiseptic is applied using a regular paint brush or spray, if the amount of work is quite large. When working with organic materials, it is best to wear safety glasses and a bandage.
In this case, you should take into account a few simple rules:
- Before applying the product, you should wipe the wood from dirt or mechanical deposits - but this is done not with water, but with a scraper and dry cloths.
- Processing goes from bottom to top (so that the product does not drip onto your hands).
- First of all, it is necessary to process non-uniform surfaces - with knots, cracks, as well as sections of cuts and ends of beams.
- Processing is carried out at a temperature not lower than + 10 ° C in dry weather (humidity should be no more than 75%).
- After processing, you need to leave the room to ventilate for at least 12 hours.
NOTE. Do not impregnate with an antiseptic if the wood is very damp or cold, since in this case it will not be able to saturate the material sufficiently.
Slit finishing
The next important stage in the interior decoration of a wooden house is sealing the cracks to ensure complete tightness of the room.
You can choose different materials for this work:
- artificial polymer products: sealants, resins, polyurethane foam;
- traditional - flax, tow, moss;
- the most affordable option is a mixture of sawdust, shavings, wood dust with wood glue.
According to the technology of work, there are 2 finishing methods:
- Into a set - the material is first twisted into strips, then they are inserted into the slots and driven in.
- In a stretch - first, the cracks are filled with material, and then they are twisted and driven in.
The caulking technology is simple and consists of the following steps:
- The wall is cleaned of all irregularities, small protruding chips, fasteners using a grinder (this is done even at the stage of antiseptic processing).
- Then the material is inserted along the borders of the beams and hammered.
- The cracks are caulked with finer material, often with a sealant or polyurethane foam.
Video - technology in action
You can also perform the so-called decorative caulking. It is more accurate and performed in new log houses, which are expected to undergo major renovations to create a beautiful interior. The technology is as follows:
NOTE. It is advisable to carry out such work immediately after the end of construction, since wooden beams shrink strongly in the first year.
Sheathing and wall insulation in a wooden house
This is the most time-consuming and very crucial stage, since its ability to keep the temperature in winter and how neat the appearance of the walls will be depends on the quality of insulation and decoration of the room.
The sequence of works is carried out according to the following technology:
- Laying a vapor barrier layer.
- Installation of a layer of insulation on a wooden or profiled frame.
- Installation of a protective layer from the wind.
- Internal surface finishing (block house, wall paneling, drywall).
The corresponding sectional diagram of the wall is shown in the figure.
Vapor barrier
The following materials are used for vapor barrier (waterproofing):
- polyethylene;
- special mastics;
- membrane-based films are the best option, since they are able to retain moisture, but at the same time they let air through well, which creates conditions for normal year-round ventilation in the house.
Insulation layer
Insulation materials are most often mounted on a wooden frame or metal (aluminum profiles).
Schematically, the methods of fastening the insulation using wooden beams are shown in the figure.
In the southern regions, it is possible not to use insulation, since wood itself stores heat enough. However, in most cases, the installation of such a layer is an absolutely integral part of the interior decoration of the wall of a wooden house.
There are several popular insulation materials:
Video: Wall insulation technology using mineral wool and a wooden profile
Internal surface finish
Among the most popular materials that form the basis of interior wall decoration in a wooden house, the following stand out:
- drywall;
- lining;
- block house.
Plasterboard is a material that will provide a flat inner surface, the ability to glue wallpaper or PVC panels to create a beautiful interior.
The undoubted advantages of this material include the following:
- it has high thermal insulation properties, which is especially important for regions with a Siberian, northern climate;
- drywall is a very malleable material, respectively, it is easy to work with it; in addition, you can provide almost any bends that will hide the unevenness of the main wall and create the basis for the original design of the house;
- resistance to moisture - many types of this material have similar properties.
The disadvantages of the material include:
- fragility - you need to work carefully; in addition, when the house subsides, the sheet can often crack and tear the wallpaper or other finishing materials;
- drywall strongly holds moisture and does not allow the walls to "breathe";
- the material does not effectively protect the house from outside noise.
NOTE. Drywall does not hold well any weights that are supposed to be kept suspended (shelves). Therefore, if you choose it for decoration, you should think in advance about all the features of the interior interior and decide in advance on places for shelves, niches, etc.
Drywall comes in very handy when you need to make a false wall to create another small room. It is mounted very simply - on the basis of aluminum profiles.
Another popular material for interior decoration of the walls of a wooden house is lining.
It is the most environmentally friendly material and at the same time it is very affordable. The lining has other obvious advantages:
- it looks very beautiful and allows you to create an interesting interior;
- working with the lining is very simple - just treat the wood with wood stain and fix it to the pre-installed wooden profiles;
- the material is not capricious to care for - it is easy to clean and has enough resistance to mechanical stress;
- perfectly "breathes" and does not clog the air of the room with artificial odors;
- the wall surface is neat, smooth, so you can start gluing wallpaper or installing PVC panels.
The only significant drawback of the lining is its rotting ability and high flammability. However, processing with the previously considered means significantly reduces such risks.
Finishing with solid pine clapboard
And another interesting material that has appeared relatively recently is the block house. It is essentially a wooden board that has two different surfaces:
- front - convex, creating the effect of a log wall;
- the back is flat.
Since the material is woody, it has about the same pros and cons. However, it is distinguished by its great visual appeal - in fact, it already creates a unique country-style design by itself, which can be preserved in its original form.
Internal installation technology - on video.
Finishing the ceiling of a wooden house from the inside
Finishing work on warming the inner surface of the ceiling and giving it an attractive look is a very important stage, since heat loss through the roof is no less than through the walls (all the heat rises up).
It is also important to ensure that the roof is completely waterproof. If it is planned to equip a living room (attic) in the attic, accordingly, sufficient noise insulation and the strength of the floor should be provided.
Most often, environmentally friendly wood materials are selected for these purposes. They create pleasant, clean air at home, moreover, on their basis, you can create a lot of design options for every taste.
Woodworking
The use of wood cladding is the most natural and logical option in the case of interior decoration of a house made of wood. The material options are as follows (in order of increasing service life):
- plywood;
- lining;
- conifers (spruce, pine, larch and others);
- more expensive massifs (beech, bast, ash, birch).
Structurally, there are 2 technologies:
The finishing methods are very simple, while the possibility of attaching them to the supporting beams allows you to complete all the work quite quickly. Some design options are presented in the video.
other methods
Of course, along with wood materials, there are other technologies for manufacturing the inner surface of the ceiling in a wooden house. The most common option is to create a stretch ceiling.
Along with the obvious advantages in terms of the possibility of creating your own design and high operational durability of the material, in the case of wooden houses, there are significant disadvantages:
- stretch ceilings do not allow air to pass through, respectively, to some extent a greenhouse effect is created;
- profiles from stretch ceilings, together with the canvas, may deform somewhat as a result of house subsidence.
NOTE. This problem is most likely for old houses with worn out foundations and roofs, as well as for newly built structures, which will inevitably shrink during the first years.
Finishing the flooring in a wooden house
The final stage of finishing work is associated with insulation and flooring of the floor surface.
In general, its structure does not fundamentally differ from the wall - it also contains insulation, a layer of waterproofing and the actual finishing material.
Several important requirements are imposed on the floor at once:
- he must constantly withstand heavy loads;
- keep the house warm;
- be perfectly flat;
- resistant to decay and mechanical damage.
Wooden floor
Structurally, the floor can be made in two ways:
- wooden supporting beams with decking;
- concrete floor with wood decking.
Both options have their pros and cons, and you need to choose based on a specific object. Concrete is durable, tightly blocks the access of insects and rodents to the house, moreover, it is very durable to prolonged mechanical stress and is not subject to decay.
At the same time, wood is not so durable, but it is warmer and does not heat up the house in hot weather. The best option in many cases is a concrete floor with a thick layer of insulation and wooden flooring. In this case, an extremely reliable design with additional thermal insulation properties is obtained.
The technology for installing a wooden floor is simple:
NOTE. If the floor is mounted on the basis of wooden beams, then special attention should be paid to their treatment with an antiseptic. It is better to do several approaches of 2-3 layers.
Concrete floor
In the case of building a concrete floor, the material is poured in two options:
- directly on the ground (a previously dug pit is reinforced with a layer of sand, crushed stone and gravel to provide additional protection and drainage);
- between the wooden logs under the house.
The concrete is reinforced, after which a layer of waterproofing is required, and then a wooden floor is laid using the same technology.
Interior design in a wooden house
The interior decoration of a wooden house should be carried out with preliminary design planning. Conventionally, 2 groups of design can be distinguished:
- "Urban" - when ordinary wallpaper is glued to the inner finishing layer or PVC or MDF panels are mounted, and in this case the interior is no different from an ordinary city apartment.
- Country - stylized for a natural, rustic look with classic light and dark brown warm tones. In this case, the finishing material itself (especially a block house or wall paneling) serves as the basis for the design.
The use of country music is especially successful in the case of spacious rooms with 2 or more floors, spacious living rooms, since the wood wall creates the effect of space and provides fresh air due to the characteristics of the material.
Light colors are great for a bedroom or children's room.
In the kitchen, warm, rich colors are appropriate, which create a cozy atmosphere for pleasant family evenings.
The wood surface is a versatile design element as it also fits perfectly in rooms such as a bath.
Interior decoration of a wooden house is a work that is quite realistic to carry out on your own. It is only important to think over all the details in advance and take into account both the design features, the quality of the material, and its design capabilities.
Timber house construction will be popular at all times. This material has its own characteristics that must be taken into account. Wall decoration in a wooden house is carried out after the building has stood and gives the main shrinkage. For laminated veneer lumber this time will take several months, for other types of felling you will have to wait at least a year. It all depends on the moisture content of the feedstock, temperature and humidity conditions and the construction season. If finished ahead of time, materials will crack or warp.
Preparation for finishing
In order for the house to be warm, and the finishing material retained its qualities for a long time, preparatory work must be done.
A month after the construction of the house, from the inside and outside, you need to seal the cracks with tow or jute. They begin work from the bottom row of logs, gradually moving towards the ceiling. In this case, the logs rise by 30-50 mm.
Six months later, the second stage of insulation of all joints of logs or timber is performed. The heat-saving properties of the building will depend on how tightly the insulation is laid.
To determine whether the house has finished shrinking, measure the distance between the logs and the height of the walls. If after 10-12 months there are no changes or they are insignificant, you can start finishing work.
Materials for interior decoration
The wooden house looks beautiful. Sometimes it is enough to grind the surface and cover it with impregnations that emphasize the structure of the wood and protect it from decay and damage by insects.
When repairing old buildings, where there is a significant deformation of the walls, one cannot do with grinding, various types of finishes are used.
The properties and characteristics of such materials are presented in the table:
| № | Type of material | Characteristics |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | Block house | It is made in the form of a wooden lining, but has a convex surface. It will help to update the interior when renovating old buildings. It has a very beautiful appearance resembling a log. They produce a material with a flat surface that imitates a felling of wood. Suitable for wall and ceiling decoration, it contributes to the decoration of the room in a uniform style. The optimum thickness for interior decoration is 2-2.5 cm. |
| 2 | Lining | It has an optimal price-quality ratio. Equipped with a special lock connection that facilitates installation work and provides a flat surface. The material is produced with a smooth, rounded, embossed surface. |
| 3 | Drywall | By finishing the walls or ceiling with plasterboard, you can completely change the interior of the room, give it a modern look. It is often used for the installation of partitions or decoration in old houses. Moisture resistant types are available that are suitable for use in kitchens and bathrooms. The raw material is attached to a metal or wooden frame. |
| 4 | Wall panels | With their help, you can beat any design solution. They are mounted on a frame or plywood base. Produced from: natural wood, leather, bamboo, MDF, glass with various decors, plastic. Panelboards and type-setting are made. Easy to assemble. |
Decorating the walls of a wooden house from natural materials made from the same species of wood as the walls will be the best solution. With thermal expansion or contraction, surface deformation will not be noticeable.
Characteristics of wood species
Wooden lining and block house can be made from various types of wood.
The properties of the most commonly used wood species are described in the table:
| № | Type of material | Properties |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | Oak | A very durable material with an interesting structure. Suitable for wall decoration in bathroom and kitchen. Creates a unique atmosphere of comfort. |
| 2 | Pine and other conifers | When heated, they release resin, they are not suitable for finishing rooms with elevated temperatures. The best option for bedrooms and children's rooms, as they emit phytoncides, which have a beneficial effect on the human respiratory system. |
| 3 | Ash | Afraid of high humidity, not suitable for use in the bathroom and kitchen. |
| 4 | Maple | With additional processing, it is able to imitate valuable wood species. |
How to decorate the walls in a wooden house is up to everyone. When choosing the most suitable option for wall cladding, it is important to take into account the properties of the finishing material and the degree of shrinkage of the house.
Installation of lining
It is the most demanded material that is suitable for interior and exterior decoration. Raw materials of various shapes are made from different types of wood. When choosing impregnations, it is necessary to consider where the products will be used, from the inside or outside.
For interior wall decoration in a wooden house, you should not take material thicker than 2 cm, since with an increase in thickness, the load on the walls increases and the cost rises.
The quality of the lining and the presence of defects on an area of \u200b\u200b1.5 sq. m.
- class C may have contrasting spots and stripes on the surface, the standard allows the presence of 2 knots and resin spots, with a cross section of up to 5 cm;
- class B allows for contrasting spots, 4 knots and 2 resin pockets;
- class A can have 1 surface crack and 1 knot;
- extra class has the highest quality, does not allow for defects.
The lining is mounted on a pre-fabricated frame. In the intervals between the crate, communications are laid and, if necessary, the space under the frame is insulated.
The lining brought from the store must lie in the room in which it will be installed for several days.
During installation work, it must be borne in mind that the tree breathes and changes shape throughout the entire period of operation. To avoid deformation, you need to correctly calculate the clearances during installation. They do not nail the finishing material close to the ceiling and floor, leaving expansion gaps of 20-40 mm.
The planks are fastened with the help of hidden fasteners of the cleats or open ones, nailing or screwing screws at an angle into the spike so that the next board overlaps the fastener so that it is not visible.
To avoid deformation, they purchase chamber drying lining. Wood with a moisture content of more than 8% will gradually dry out. Gaps are formed between the trim elements. To rectify the situation, you will have to shift all the finishing.
House block assembly
House lining block is mounted on a wooden lathing. All wood must be pretreated against rotting and damage by insects.
Step-by-step instruction:
- The boards and places of wood cuts are treated with antibacterial impregnations.
- The frame is mounted strictly according to the level.
- The panels begin to be fixed from below. The first board is fixed strictly in the horizontal plane; the general appearance of the finish will depend on its location.
- Clamps or self-tapping screws located at a distance of 400 mm from each other are used as fasteners. Self-tapping screws are drilled at an angle into the thorn so that the next bar overlaps the fastener.
- At the corners and joints, the house block is connected to each other using a special corner and a docking bar. They allow you to hide all the irregularities.
When finishing a wooden house from the inside, the planks are placed with the groove up so that the fasteners are invisible. For outdoor decoration, the board is installed with the groove down to prevent rainwater from entering.
Plasterboard installation
The walls in a wooden house are trimmed with plasterboard only when it is required to hide significant surface defects. This material completely changes the interior of the room.
Drywall is attached to the crate. Installation is possible only after complete shrinkage of the building, otherwise the gypsum will crack when the base moves.
Sometimes a floating frame is mounted, which does not undergo movement during shrinkage, which means that the quality of the drywall will not be compromised.
For a new house from a bar, such a finish is impractical, since it will hide the natural material.
Installation of wall panels
The walls inside the house, lined with panels, look very nice. On sale there are many options for different textures and colors, so it will not be difficult to choose a material suitable for the interior of the room.
Walls finished with panels that imitate leather or stone will look harmonious in the fireplace area. We sheathe the wall panels on the pre-installed crate, it is better to make it floating in order to avoid deformation of the material.
Features of bathroom decoration
Most often in the bathroom, in order to properly sheathe the walls, a combination of several materials is used. Areas prone to splashing are tiled and the main area with wood.
To protect the walls in the bathroom in a wooden house from mold, a dense plastic wrap is attached to the surface with a stapler before installing the frame for finishing.
Ideas for decorating walls in a wooden house can be found in the video.
This technology leads to a greenhouse effect, so you need to provide for high-quality ventilation of the room.
Painting
Over time, under the influence of the aggressive influences of the external environment, the wood undergoes aging. To protect the surface and extend the service life, the material is painted or varnished.
Paints and antiseptics for wood coating and their characteristics are presented in the table:
| № | Paints and antiseptics | Properties |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | Glazing antiseptics | They help preserve the quality of wood and emphasize its structure. They have a service life of 5 years. |
| 2 | Covering antiseptics | They have an opaque structure, hide the texture of wood, but retain its relief. The service life is 7 years. |
| 3 | Acrylic paints | Elastic and breathable, practically do not fade in the sun, resistant to negative atmospheric influences. |
| 4 | Oil paints | They are well absorbed into wood, protecting it from moisture. The service life of such a coating is 4-5 years, gradually fade, cracked, do not breathe. When repaired again, you need to either completely remove the old coating, or paint on top with oil paint. They are rarely used. |
Preparation for painting
Painting is carried out on a clean, prepared dry surface.
How to prepare walls for painting:
- clean the surface from dust with a brush;
- remove the old coating;
- mold and stains are cleaned or removed using special means;
- resin stains are cleaned with a spatula, then the area is varnished;
- metal elements are opened with anti-corrosion compounds and primed.
A prerequisite is to cover with 2 layers of antiseptic before painting. The next layer is applied after the previous one has dried. Drying time for 2 layers is a week.
DIY painting
Painting a wooden house from a spray bottle. Rules for painting a wooden house:
- Antiseptic coating and staining is carried out in the longitudinal direction.
- To make the color uniform, add color to the primer to match the color of the paint.
- At the ends, paint and antiseptic are applied in a thicker layer.
- The old house is painted with paint on the same basis with which it was covered earlier.
The optimal conditions for outdoor work are warm, calm weather. If painted in heat, the coating will dry too quickly, which can lead to cracking.
To create comfort and home coziness, you need to choose natural, natural, breathable materials. In order for the finish to last a long time, take into account the peculiarities of the change in the shape of wood with fluctuations in temperature and humidity.
It's no secret that a wooden house is most suitable for permanent residence, primarily because of its absolute ecological purity. It is cool in summer in such a house, and warm in winter. Heating a wooden house usually requires less energy than a building made of stone or concrete.
It is especially easy to breathe in a wooden structure, and many diseases are forgotten, it is worth crossing the threshold of your own wooden house. Now the tradition of building from natural environmentally friendly materials is returning again. In the first place, of course, the tree.
The interior is as important as the facade
When building any house, special attention is paid to how it looks from the outside. And if the facade is decorated for public viewing, then the internal interior is important primarily from a functional point of view and "decorations" here may be superfluous, many believe. But this is not at all the case.
The interior decoration of a wooden house is important from all points of view. There are many beautiful and, at the same time, highly functional finishes.
On numerous sites, you can see photos of a beautiful finish of a wooden house and choose the most suitable option for yourself. As a rule, beauty is equivalent to the concept of comfortable living here.
The better to decorate a wooden house from the inside
As you know, wooden buildings, with sufficient durability, still do not withstand the vicissitudes of the weather so firmly. Therefore, it is customary to decorate such a house from the outside with more resistant modern, including synthetic materials. The interior, however, is certainly best finished with wood. This is important primarily from an environmental point of view.
It is much more comfortable to live in a house decorated with clean wood. However, the use of wood massifs will significantly increase the cost of finishing a wooden house. This must be taken into account when designing.
The cost of such finishing can significantly exceed the cost of the construction itself. Therefore, it is sometimes advisable to resort to equally functional, but cheaper, composite wood finishing materials.
It is also permissible to use modern composite materials with the use of synthetics. Natural solid wood includes parts made entirely of wood.
The most common lining of various types of wood.
Most often, pine, spruce and birch lumber is used for decoration. Such a lining is quite simple to manufacture and use in decoration. It looks organically in almost any, even the most modern interior.
The cheaper ones include composite finishing materials made of wood. In this case, the base of the finishing element is made of less valuable wood species, and the front part is decorated with expensive or even exotic wood species.
Combined finishing materials are often used, when the basis is made up of synthetic materials, and the front part is natural wood species. In many cases, fully synthetic finishing materials are also used.
In any case, it should be borne in mind that the use of synthetic materials in a wooden house is less advisable than in a city apartment. Again, for reasons of maximum environmental safety.
DIY finishing
So, let's look at how to finish a wooden house with your own hands. Wood is just the material that almost everyone who wants to decorate their home can handle on their own. Traditional lining is up to everyone, although it will require a lot of time and precision in work.
But the result will be years of comfort without constant interior changes in the pursuit of fashion. Conservative wood finishes never go out of style.
It is also enough to simply decorate your house with composite materials using precious woods. Such material will not be much more expensive than solid lumber, but it will make it possible to diversify the interior and make it more sophisticated.
It is quite possible to use modern synthetic materials, but you do not need to overdo it here if you decide to pay special attention to ecology.
It is also possible to decorate the interior of a wooden house with traditional plasterboard, if it is necessary to level the walls, which is difficult to achieve using exclusively wooden structures. But then all the charm of contact with the tree, both visual and physical contact, will be lost.
Any unnatural material will not give the same warmth and comfort as any even the most ingenious piece of wood. It should also be borne in mind that a wooden house changes its size depending on the season and humidity, which does not happen with brick or concrete buildings.
Oscillations cannot be classified as critical, but they are still there. If you use wood finish for a wooden house, then these fluctuations will be compensated by the homogeneity of the materials and will not be conspicuous. And for synthetic materials or drywall, this must be taken into account during construction and especially interior decoration.
It is necessary to provide additional compensating gaps so that the drywall does not crack over time, which happens very often in wooden houses. Here it is definitely impossible to do without specialists.
Additional calculations are always extremely important, taking into account the specifics of the tree when using dissimilar materials for decoration.
Why do everything yourself
There are many ways to do it yourself. Each owner must always find a compromise between desires and their financial and physical capabilities.
You can always turn to specialists, but without a doubt, everything that is done with your own hands is at times more valuable than the work of even the most experienced craftsman.
In our home, we always do everything from the heart and for ourselves, even if not everything turns out like a real professional. You can hire specialists, but then there will be no opportunity to say: "But I did this myself!"
Nature will always help in matters of ecology and beauty
It is worth emphasizing that any natural finishing material can be considered environmentally friendly and healthy. Therefore, interior decoration of the house can also be made with natural stone without restrictions, which also looks very beautiful. Here the flight of imagination is unlimited.
And if not far from your house there are dull boulders, bring at least one pebble home, put it near an empty wall and you will see how the stone itself will transform and the interior of your house will come to life.
If you live in a house made of stone or concrete, bring from the forest any even the most unprepossessing piece of wood and again you will see how your home will be transformed. The house will become much more comfortable and warmer.
Photo of finishing a wooden house (inside)
