There are three schemes for connecting heating radiators to the heating system. Each of them has its own advantages and disadvantages and is used depending on the general heating scheme.
Side circuit or side connection
When connected to the side, the supply and return pipes are located on the same side of the radiator. In this case, it is possible to supply the feed from the top (with the upper distribution) or from the bottom (with the lower distribution).
It is believed that side connection is less efficient compared to other radiator connection schemes. With its implementation, the power loss of the heater is possible from 5 to 15%.
Side circuits for connecting heating devices are successfully implemented in houses with a high speed of movement of the coolant and with a high, more than 4 atm, pressure in the heating system. Due to the high pressure and high speed of movement, the coolant completely fills the volume of the radiator. As a rule, these are multi-apartment high-rise buildings.
In private houses with a relatively low speed of movement of the coolant, it is better not to use the side connection, and in houses with natural circulation, this piping scheme for the heating device is simply not acceptable.
Bottom connection
When the radiators are connected at the bottom, the supply pipe is connected to the lower side hole of the heating device, and the coolant is removed from the lower hole located on the opposite side of the radiator. Thanks to natural convection, the heat coming from below rises up and completely heats the heating device. However, with this connection, stagnant cold zones are formed in the upper corners of the radiator, the presence of which reduces the efficiency of the heating device by an average of 5%.
Despite this drawback, the lower radiator piping is widespread in private houses, especially when using a one-pipe heating system. As a rule, the main argument in its favor is the low material consumption - the pipes for the lower connection scheme will require a little less than when implementing a diagonal connection scheme.
When the radiators are diagonally connected, the supply pipe fits on one side of the heating device, and the coolant exits through the hole located diagonally opposite the radiator. In this case, the feed can be connected to the upper corner, then the output will be the lower hole on the opposite side.
If the supply is connected to the lower corner, then the outlet will be the upper hole located on the opposite side of the heating device.
The diagonal connection diagram of radiators is considered the most effective, and the most correct connection option is considered to be the supply of the coolant to the upper corner, and its exit through the opposite lower hole. With this connection, the radiators work with maximum heat transfer.
How to choose a radiator connection diagram?
Which radiator connection scheme to give preference largely depends on the heating wiring diagram.
There are several heating schemes:
- one-pipe
- two-pipe
- collector
The choice of a heating scheme largely depends on the way the coolant moves: by gravity or forcibly, using a circulation pump.
Gravity heating system and a scheme for its implementation
Until a certain time, a gravity heating system in private houses was the only possible one. Probably, it was its wide distribution that created the myth about the simplicity and cheapness of gravity heating. In fact, it is the heating scheme based on the natural movement of the coolant that is the most difficult to implement and material-intensive.
Moreover, gravity heating works effectively only in one-story houses. In two-storey buildings, overheating of the second floor inevitably occurs, to eliminate which it is necessary to install additional bypasses, which will also lead to an increase in the cost of the heating system.
In houses with a higher number of storeys, the gravity heating system is not used.
Another important condition for the successful implementation of a gravity heating system is the presence of an attic, where a heating expansion tank must be installed and supply collectors (shoulders) must be laid.
If there is no attic, but a house with an attic, the expansion tank must be installed in the living room, connecting it to the sewage system to discharge excess coolant if necessary. It should be remembered that in a gravity system, the expansion tank is open and its location inside the house is possible only when water is used as a heat carrier. If antifreeze is poured into the heating system, the vapors of which are dangerous to humans, an open expansion tank cannot be installed in the room.
Another condition for the normal operation of gravity heating is the installation of the boiler below the return level, for which the boiler is placed in a special recess or in the basement. And finally, the installation of pipes of such a system should be performed with a slope, which ensures the free directed movement of the coolant towards the boiler.
As you can see, the scheme of a gravity heating system cannot be called simple. She has too many shortcomings, and only one advantage - uninterrupted operation of the heating system in the absence of electricity.
One-pipe heating system
With a one-pipe heating system, the coolant enters the radiator, passes through it and returns again to the same pipe. In this case, the temperature of the coolant gradually decreases when moving from one heating device to another. As a result, the first radiator is the warmest and operates with full heat dissipation.
To ensure the calculated heating power, the second radiator must be of greater power, and the third heating device must be even more powerful.
In private houses, it is difficult to accurately calculate the required power of heating devices when connected to a one-pipe system. As a rule, the selection of radiators occurs "by eye", which leads to uneven heating of the room: in one room, close to the boiler, it will be hot, and in the other, on the contrary, it will be cold.
It remains to add that it is also not possible to obtain real savings on pipes when installing a one-pipe heating system.
With a collector heating circuit, the coolant from the boiler first enters the distribution manifold, and then from it to the radiators. At the same time, a supply pipe and a return pipe go to each heating device.
For the efficient operation of such a heating system, an important condition is equal pipe lengths to each radiator. This can be achieved only when the collector is located in the center of the heated house, which is not always possible.
If it is not possible to create a heating system with equal pipe lengths to each heating device, it is necessary to balance the system, creating artificial obstacles to the movement of the coolant (opening and pressing down the shut-off valves), which leads to the need to use a more powerful circulation pump and can cause uneven heating of the premises.
With a passing heating scheme, the sum of the lengths of the supply and return pipes of each radiator is equal, which means that the hydraulic resistances of each heating device are equal. Balancing is not needed for such a heating scheme.
The associated heating scheme is implemented quite simply: a supply pipe fits to each heating device, and the return flow moves in the same direction to the boiler. As a result, the closer the radiator is to the boiler, the shorter its supply pipe, and the longer the return pipe. Conversely, the farthest radiator has the longest supply pipe and the shortest return pipe.
Let's sum up
Despite the variety of radiator connection schemes for a private house, the most effective is a passing heating scheme with diagonal connection of radiators.
Comfortable living conditions in a country cottage cannot be created without a high-quality heating system. It must be sufficiently effective and economical so that during the heating season it is warm in the living rooms, and the energy consumption does not go too high. To achieve this, you need to choose the right type of heating system, and then choose the most suitable option for connecting heating radiators in a private house.
Types of heating systems
The heating system in a private house can be:
air;
electric;
Air system
This option operates without a coolant. The air in the house is heated directly from heating devices - ovens or convectors. With such a system, heating radiators are not used. Air heating is convenient for heating compact country houses. It is rarely used for large cottages.
Electrical system
In such a system, heat is transferred through the current conductors. Electric floor heating works according to this principle. Heating with an electrical system can be quite convenient. But its arrangement requires increased attention to safety rules, and in the process of operation it costs dearly to the owners of the house.
Water system
A type of heating system in which heat is transferred through water (sometimes steam) as a heat carrier. The coolant flows from the heating device through pipes to the heating radiators. This option is considered the most convenient and practical. Most often, in country houses, heating is equipped in this way.
Types of heating boilers
The central element of the heating system is the boiler - a heating device in which the coolant reaches the desired temperature. The heating connection diagram in a private house largely depends on what kind of boiler is used in it.
By design, boilers are divided into double-circuit and single-circuit. The first option is equipment designed for both heating and water heating. A single-circuit boiler only heats the heating medium for heating. According to the method of installation, they are divided into floor and wall.
Boilers also differ in the type of fuel with which the coolant is heated. There are boilers of the following types:
-
electrical;
solid fuel;
liquid fuel;
combined.
For the operation of solid fuel boilers, coal, firewood, less often peat and other options for solid combustible materials are used. Diesel or waste oils are used as liquid fuel for boilers of the corresponding type.
Most of the country cottages are heated by gas boilers. In non-gasified areas, heating with electricity is often used. Solid fuel and liquid fuel boilers are completely independent from communication networks. The first option is more attractive in that it requires traditional firewood and coal, rather than hazardous flammable liquids.
The most prudent homeowners install combi boilers in their homes that are designed to operate on different types of fuel. For example, you can install an electric boiler, supplemented with a combustion chamber for solid fuels, so that in the event of a power failure, you can switch to wood heating.
Double-circuit boilers, which provide a home with warmth and warm water, are mainly gas devices. They are versatile as they save homeowners from having to buy and install a separate water heating boiler.
On our website you can find contacts of construction companies that offer the service of house insulation
Heating radiator device
The heating radiator consists of several heat exchange sections. The more sections, the correspondingly higher the battery power. There are such models of radiators that can be "extended" with new sections, if necessary, already during operation.
All sections are crossed by one collector at the top and one at the bottom. Each section has a vertical duct connecting the upper and lower manifolds. This applies to all sections, including the extreme ones. Therefore, the radiator has 4 outputs, but only two of them are used. One is connected to the coolant supply pipe, and the second serves to drain the cooled water back into the boiler. Unused outputs are closed with plugs. This is how most radiators work.
Types of pipe system
In the heating system diagram, the interposition of the coolant supply inlet and the "return" outlet is of fundamental importance. It depends on the direction of the heating medium and on the type of piping system.
One pipe system
This is a simplified version of the heating arrangement in the cottage. This option is quite economical, since it requires fewer pipes for wiring and is performed with less labor costs for installation work. The system is a chain of radiators connected by a single pipe. The coolant heated in the boiler enters each radiator in turn, flowing from one to the other. That is, the "return" from one battery becomes the supply for the next one, and so on.
A single-pipe connection diagram for heating radiators in a private house has one significant drawback - with it, the radiators heat up unevenly. The first radiator will always be the hottest, and further from the battery to the battery, the temperature will gradually decrease. Therefore, it is impossible to maintain the same temperature in all rooms with one-pipe heating.
For certain planning considerations, a one-pipe system may be quite suitable. So, if in a small house the radiator chain starts from living rooms and ends with technical rooms, this option may be optimal. But in spacious cottages it is better to install two-pipe heating.
Two-pipe system
More expensive to equip, but simple and easy-to-use option. In this system, two pipe lines function simultaneously. The first supplies hot water to each battery. That is, there is one pipe entering each radiator. The coolant, before entering the radiator, regardless of its location in the circuit, does not enter the neighboring radiators, but goes directly. The second pipe collects return flow from all radiators and delivers it to the heating manifold.
The advantages of the bottom type of distribution are that practically the same temperature is achieved at all points of heat exchange. Such a system lends itself better to regulation and provides uniform heating of the entire building.
Beam (collector) system
The collector circuit is a variant of a two-pipe connection, but with a more complex wiring. It is used when pipes need to be hidden, for example, under flooring. In this case, two collectors are equipped - for the supply and for the return, and one pipe extends from each radiator to the first collector, and one more to the second.
In some connection schemes, two types of system are used. The whole house can be heated according to the two-pipe principle, but for a separate area, for example, a veranda or a large living room, a bunch of several radiators are used according to the one-pipe principle. When developing a two-pipe scheme for connecting heating batteries in a private house, the main thing is not to get confused in the supply and return collectors.
Diagram of connecting radiators to the heating system
The coolant moves through the pipes and channels of the batteries due to two factors. The first is the fluid's tendency to fill the voids. In the absence of air locks, a natural dynamic pressure of the coolant is created. The second factor is the movement of streams of different temperatures. Hot water tends upward, displacing cold water into the lower stream.
Diagonal top connection
Diagonal connection of radiators with top flow allows you to equip the most efficient space heating. Hot water is supplied to the upper inlet, inside it spreads through the sections, and when it cools down, it goes down, after which it is displaced into the lower inlet to the return manifold located on the other side of the radiator.
Bilateral bottom connection
The supply is carried out to the bottom inlet on one side, and the return flows from the bottom inlet on the other side of the battery. The efficiency in this case is lower than in the previous version. But such a connection allows you to hide the pipes as much as possible.
One-way bottom top connection
It is mainly used in multi-storey buildings. In cottages of 2 or 3 floors with one-pipe heating is also sometimes used. The difference between the bottom and top connections is that in the first case, hot water is supplied to the lower inlet, and is discharged under pressure through the upper inlet, and in the second case, the opposite happens. In both cases, the plant and the coolant outlet are located on the same side. It is worth noting that of all the existing options, one-way bottom connection is the most ineffective.
Video description
Which radiator connection system to choose
Other options
In theory, it is also possible to use a diagonal connection with a bottom feed or a double-sided connection with a top feed. These two options will work too if done correctly. However, the functioning of the system will be greatly hampered by the intersection of streams. Therefore, it is better not to experiment and take a diagonal top connection or a two-way bottom connection as a basis.
Location of radiators
For high-quality heating of a cottage, it is necessary not only to correctly choose a heating scheme, but also to correctly position the batteries in the premises. The installation of heating batteries in a private house is carried out on the basis of calculations made by specialists. The number of radiators and sections for each radiator is determined taking into account various factors:
volume of premises;
the level of heat loss of the building;
radiator inset diagram;
at what height the batteries will be installed, and much more.
Video description
Typically, radiators are located under windows. This creates a barrier to the cold air flow coming from the window. In addition, the air coming from the window opening is "dried" by the heat from the radiator, as a result of which condensation does not collect on the surfaces in the room. The battery should be slightly narrower than the window and should be centered in relation to the window opening.
The radiator should not adjoin the upper part to the window sill, as this complicates the process of heat diffusion. The distance from the floor to the bottom level of the battery should be about 100 mm. A higher location will cause the air directly above the floor to warm up poorly. If the radiators are installed too low, it will be difficult to remove the accumulated dust under them.
When planning the installation of batteries, it is necessary to take into account the features of the wall. Modern batteries are not very heavy, but in some cases the characteristics of the wall require reinforcement of the surface on which the bracket for the heating elements will be mounted.
Video description
Installation of heating radiators
On our website you can find contacts of construction companies that offer water supply installation services, sewerage and heating... You can communicate directly with representatives by visiting the Low-Rise Country exhibition of houses.
Conclusion
The process of calculating, designing and installing a heating system can only be trusted by qualified specialists. But the simplest rules for connecting radiators should be known to every homeowner. The effective principle of connecting and locating heating equipment is a guarantee that a favorable and comfortable microclimate will always reign in the house.
Warmth and comfort in the house is created not only by trusting relationships of households and good upholstered furniture. The main source of this (physically) is actually being properly equipped and working productively. And this is not only a boiler and pipes, but also the radiators connected to them. It is they who will heat the premises as much as possible, giving off the accumulated heat. It will not work just like that to connect them to pipes - this is a task that requires care and certain knowledge. And the scheme for connecting heating radiators to a common heating circuit may be different. How are they installed You can read in our article.
How is the house heated?
A heating radiator or, as this element of the heating system is called, a battery is a series of sections combined into a single structure, inside which there are cavities filled with water. Liquid is supplied to the radiator through a pipeline from one end of the device - there is a special "nest" there, designed just for the input of hot water. Further, the coolant begins to circulate through the battery, passing through all its sections and heating the metal from which they are made. The heated walls of the device, in turn, begin to give off heat to the external environment, which is the air in the house - this is how the rooms are heated. "About how it works , You can read in our article. "
Cooling down, the coolant that has passed through the sections of the radiator leaves it through another end socket and through the pipeline ("return") returns to the main heat source (boiler), where heating occurs again. The hot water is then sent around the heating system again.
Radiators can be made of various metals - this will largely depend on their ability to retain heat and heat the room.
Table. Types of heating radiators.
| Equipment type | Description |
|---|---|
| Made, as the name implies, from cast iron, used for central heating of premises for various purposes. They have a high thermal power - even a small cast-iron radiator warms up the room well. Such a battery withstands water and corrosion well, and therefore is durable. The cast iron radiator is very durable, but it has a lot of weight, which makes installation difficult. Also, this equipment is quite expensive, but has a high heat capacity. The disadvantage of the device can be called the tendency of the gaskets between the sections to quickly deteriorate in comparison with the "body" of the battery. Also, over time, in such radiators, a drop in the heat transfer rate is observed - this is due to the formation of plaque inside the sections. The equipment must be painted periodically. |
| Radiators made of low-carbon steel, which is not afraid of corrosion, are panel, sectional, tubular. The first view is a panel in the form of a large rectangle, consisting of two sheets of steel welded to each other, between them there are channels through which water moves. Sometimes such a battery can consist of several similar "sheets" connected together. Usually, the steel in these devices is treated with powder paint, phosphated. Radiators of this type are afraid of water hammer, the interior is prone to rust. Sectional steel batteries are similar to cast iron, but the sections in them are connected not by threaded elements, but by welding. Tubular steel radiators are the most expensive and have a welded tubular structure. |
| This is the most popular type of batteries today, as they are inexpensive, and the thermal conductivity of aluminum is very good, due to which high efficiency of the equipment is achieved. In addition, such radiators are lightweight, compact, have a high operating pressure and a good heat transfer rate. The main disadvantage is the tendency to corrosion, especially if the oxide film covering the metal is broken. It is worth remembering that if the inside of the battery is not covered with a polymer substance, then the taps on the supply pipes cannot be shut off. Aluminum batteries are solid, sectional. |
It is not enough to buy radiators in the store - they still need to be installed correctly. The fact is that if they are connected incorrectly, they will not work. Therefore, you should familiarize yourself with the connection diagrams of this equipment. There are both one-pipe and two-pipe versions of the radiators.
One pipe system
Usually, such a scheme for connecting heating devices is used in multi-storey buildings and is considered the easiest way to combine equipment into a single system. The coolant here will be supplied sequentially to all connected devices, there will be no separation of pipelines into supply and "return" - the circuit is closed and, as it were, encircles the whole house.
The equipment operates according to a one-pipe scheme as follows: hot water flows from the heat source to the batteries, branching in some places. During the passage of the sections of the equipment, the water cools down, giving off heat, and leaves the batteries, falling back into the same pipeline. Reaching the vertical section, it returns to the heater, and then, having accumulated thermal energy, is sent along the second circle.
It is important to know that with such a connection scheme, heat is distributed unevenly through the radiators - the fact is that water as a coolant reaches the last batteries, having already partially lost thermal energy. That is, the farther the radiators are from the heat source along the scheme, the more cooled the coolant reaches them.
Attention! The main disadvantage of a one-pipe connection scheme is the inability to adjust the heat level. Therefore, the heat transfer will be the same as it was envisaged at the stage of project development - equal to the calculated rate.
In a one-pipe system, a sufficiently high pressure must be injected, which is why heating devices wear out faster, and the likelihood of leaks and accidents is quite high.
Two-pipe system
The main difference between this system and the previous one can already be understood by reading its name - here the cooled water from the radiators does not return to the same pipes, but is discharged through a separate pipeline in the opposite direction. Both pipelines are independent of each other. The batteries are connected in parallel. The main advantage of such a connection scheme is that all radiators receive the same amount of heat along with the coolant. It is also possible to adjust the intensity of heat transfer using taps installed at the water inlet to the battery. By the way, the water here is not supplied under pressure - there is no need for this, which means that the number of accidents and leaks is minimal.
Heating radiator prices
heating radiators
Place for installing radiators
It will not work just like that to attach the radiator to the wall - the place where it should be located is selected in accordance with certain rules. And this should be taken into account at the stage of planning the equipment connection.
The fact is that due to the correct location of the batteries in the room, a kind of screen is also created, which will additionally protect the room from the penetration of cold air. Therefore, most often radiators can be seen just under the windows - where the heat loss is maximum.
Important! Before deciding how the radiators will be connected, you should draw up a diagram of their location. This will allow you to correctly identify the mounting distances. The devices should be at a certain distance from the wall - 2 cm, from the floor - 12 cm, from the bottom of the window sill - 10 cm. These standards should not be changed.
Coolant circulation: methods
On a note! The radiator mounts can be adjusted slightly if necessary.
Step 13. Further, the places on the wall are outlined where it is necessary to make grooves for laying pipes into it - they will be laid inside the wall. This is done both at the point of water inlet and in the outlet area, that is, on both sides of the battery.
Step 14. Strobing of the marked sections is performed. The radiator is removable for ease of work.
Step 15. Tubes are being prepared - the mark at which they are cut is applied as shown in the image.
Step 16. The radiator, the faucet are connected with a tube to a soft liner, which is laid in the wall. All connections are tightly twisted. The inlet pipe is connected to the upper point of the radiator, the outlet pipe to the lower one.
Video - Installation of heating radiators
If you study well all the connection diagrams and methods of work, then the installation of the heating system, including radiators, can be done independently. The main thing is to be attentive and to do everything efficiently. The quality of heating the house will completely depend on the work done correctly.
When arranging heating, not only the design and type of radiators, but also the type of wiring are of fundamental importance. It is chosen depending on the characteristics of the circulation of the coolant, operational requirements, and the layout of the room. In many ways, the connection of a heating radiator determines the functionality and performance of the entire system as a whole. There are several schemes - bottom, side, diagonal. The latter is considered the most rational, since with such a connection, heat is distributed more evenly, but it is not always possible, so it makes sense to consider all the options and choose the best one.
Types of heating systems
Distinguish between one - and two-pipe systems. The principle of operation of a single-pipe is to connect heating radiators in series. The coolant passes through them in turn, giving off heat, and returns to the heat generator already cooled. After that, it heats up again, and the whole cycle repeats. Water is usually used as a heat carrier, less often antifreeze. Two-pipe heating assumes parallel connection of batteries.
Connecting batteries in a two-pipe system
Advantages and disadvantages of one-pipe heating
In a one-pipe system, the circulation of the coolant is natural; when designing, it is necessary to calculate the slope angle. You can also install a circulation pump. For greater efficiency, the system can be supplemented with temperature regulators, taps, gates, valves. This allows you to control the heating temperature of individual heaters.
The greatest advantage of one-pipe heating is the minimum cost of materials. The system can be vertical or horizontal. The first is used in the arrangement of heating of apartment buildings, and the second is advisable to design for spacious premises, incl. production, warehouse, trade.
The disadvantage of single-pipe circuits is the need to use batteries with different heat transfer rates in order to achieve the same heating of the premises. The first radiator should be the smallest, the subsequent ones should be large. Otherwise, the building will be heated unevenly: some rooms are larger, others are smaller. In order to be able to disconnect the batteries without completely shutting down the entire system, bypasses are installed.
Single-pipe heating system diagram
Features of the two-pipe system
A two-pipe connection provides for a riser through which the coolant rises, and two pipes - supply and return. The circulation can be natural or forced (using a pump). All batteries in such a system heat up evenly, heat loss is minimal. But the cost of a two-pipe connection is significantly higher than a one-pipe connection, because materials are required twice as much. The system must be equipped with air bleed valves.
Note! For the installation of radiators in one-pipe heating, one-sided wiring is most often used, and the two-pipe system is universal.
Two-pipe heating scheme
Heating radiator connection options
The methods of connecting the batteries depend on the type of system and the circulation of the coolant (forced or natural). There are such types:
- saddle and bottom connection of heating radiators;
- unilateral (lateral);
- diagonal (cross).
Diagram of one-sided connection of heating devices
This scheme is convenient for apartment buildings with small rooms. It works most effectively if the number of battery sections does not exceed 12-15. The more sections, the worse the section of the device warms up, located at the greatest distance from the supply pipe. Heat dissipation is reduced. Lateral connection of heating radiators is considered the cheapest of all, therefore it was very popular during the Soviet period.
The coolant temperature can be controlled using special jumpers. They are installed so that part of the heated liquid passes by one battery to the next, keeping the temperature. It is highly undesirable to unauthorized dismantle such a jumper in an apartment building with centralized heat supply.
Diagonal connection of radiators
The best way to connect heating radiators is considered to be diagonal. It is also called cross. With such a wiring, the coolant moves from different sides from top to bottom. As a result, the heater heats up evenly, the heat loss is minimal. The cross-circuit is used in two-pipe systems, since the temperature of the coolant constantly decreases when passing through the batteries. The heated water is supplied through the upper branch pipe, and the outlet is connected to the lower one.
What the bottom connection looks like
Experts recommend designing a wiring of this type, if it is impossible to equip others. It is convenient if pipes are laid near or under the floor. Both pipes - supply and discharge - are located at the bottom. Heating devices connected according to this scheme work 12-15% less efficiently than they should. Their upper part warms up poorly and unevenly. If there is a need for arranging the bottom connection, then it is better to choose aluminum or bimetallic heating devices in order to increase heat transfer.
External view of the heating radiator with bottom wiring
So which connection of heating radiators is better? The one that corresponds to the type of heating system, layout and operating conditions of a particular room. Experts consider the diagonal wiring scheme to be the most effective, but it is not always possible to equip it. There are no ready-made recipes here. If you have any doubts in this matter, be sure to consult with professionals and take into account their opinion.
Video: options for connecting heating radiators
Are you planning to change the heating appliances in your own home? For this, knowledge about the types of battery wiring, how to connect and place them will come in handy. Agree, because its efficiency directly depends on the correctness of the selected scheme for connecting heating radiators in a particular house or room.
Correct connection of the batteries is a very important task, because it is able to provide a comfortable temperature in all rooms at any time of the year. It's good when the fuel consumption is minimal, and the house is warm on the coldest days.
We'll help you figure out what it takes to get the most out of your radiators. In the article you will find a lot of useful information about how to connect batteries and how to implement them without the involvement of specialists. There are diagrams and videos that will help you clearly understand the essence of the issue.
An efficient heating system can save money on fuel costs. Therefore, when designing it, you should make a balanced decision. Indeed, sometimes the advice of a neighbor in the country or a friend who recommends such a system as his is not at all suitable.
It happens that there is no time to deal with these issues yourself. In this case, it is better to contact professionals who have been working in this field for 5 years and older and who have grateful reviews.
Image gallery
The first option involves the use of physical laws without buying and installing additional devices. Suitable when water acts as a coolant. Any non-freeze will make it worse to circulate through the system.
The system consists of a boiler that heats water, an expansion tank, supply and return pipelines, batteries. As the water heats up, it expands and begins to move along the riser, visiting the installed radiators in turn. The cooled water from the system goes back to the boiler by gravity.
With this type of circulation, the horizontal pipeline is installed with a slight slope towards the direction of movement of the coolant. This system is self-regulating, because depending on the temperature of the water, its quantity also changes. The circulation head is increased, allowing the water to heat the room evenly.
With natural circulation, two-pipe and one-pipe schemes with an upper wiring are used, two-pipe with a lower one. Such methods of connecting radiators to the heating system are beneficial to use for small rooms.
It is important to equip the batteries with air drains to remove excess air or install automatic air vents on the risers. It is best to locate the boiler in a basement, so that it is lower than the heated room.
For houses with an area of 100 m 2 or more, the coolant circulation system will have to be changed. In this case, you will need a special device that stimulates the movement of water or antifreeze through the pipes. We are talking about . Its power depends on the area of the heated room. The use of a pump for forced circulation allows the use of antifreeze as a heat carrier. In this case, you need to install a closed-type expansion tank so that the fumes do not harm the health of the inhabitants of the house.
The circulation pump is used in two- and one-pipe circuits with horizontal and vertical heating devices connection system.