When making a scrupulous calculation of timber for a house, use an online calculator to check the exact volume of purchased wood.
Then you will not have to overpay for the delivery of lumber purchased for the construction of houses, bathhouses, dachas and other permanent buildings.
Purpose of the calculator, its advantages
It is difficult to calculate the exact amount of timber on your own, to reach the total volume of all necessary items. They take into account not only the width and height of the beam, knowing the total length, the height of all walls, but also the density of the wood.
Then, having found the quantity and volume of the required timber, knowing the price per 1 m 3 of purchased lumber, you can automatically immediately calculate the total costs of wood for concrete house or a bathhouse.
It is important to know: Initially, decide correctly on the building material. The timber can be not only profiled, but glued.
It is easier to see the exact data on the lumber used in the construction estimate, where the dimensions and the original name of the materials are indicated. Marking, cross-section of workpieces.
How to use
Accurate calculation of the required lumber using online calculator but you can only do it if you know everything technological features buildings being erected and the cross-section of timber.
The calculator already contains an automatic calculation algorithm. Therefore, by entering the requested data, you can immediately access the quantity and total volume of wood processed on all sides.
Note: knowing the parameters of the cross-section of lumber, the length is taken within the standards - 4.5 m; 5 m or 6 m (depending on the round timber).
Types of timber, application
For the construction of houses, timber is mainly made from coniferous wood (pine, spruce). The building material can have a straight front side or have D-shape, which will allow you to simulate construction from rounded logs.
If for the construction of a bathhouse you can get by with a square section of 100x100 mm, then for capital buildings during construction one-story houses, dachas buy timber with a section of 150x150 mm, and for two-story cottages, taller buildings will have to purchase lumber with a cross-section of 200x200 mm or more.
Careful sanding is carried out on the side that will face the residential part of the house. Then you won’t have to deal with additional finishing of wooden walls.
Calculation of cubic capacity
To make it clearer, let’s look at an example of calculating the cubic capacity of a beam for one-story cottage with dimensions 8x6x3 m. The building also has 1 internal partition of 6 m.
First you need to calculate the perimeter: (LxS)x2+S1=(8+6)x2+6=34 m. The total area of the building is calculated using the formula: 34x3=102 m2. Where is 34 the perimeter of the walls, 3 their height. Multiplying the result by the beam side parameter, we get the total volume: 102 * 0.15 = 15.3 m 3.
When making calculations, it is important to take into account the openings in the walls - this will allow you to save a lot and avoid purchasing excess building material.
It is recommended to use project drawings and diagrams for accurate calculations.
Which timber is better to use It is worth purchasing affordable lumber presented coniferous species quality wood
that have been processed and dried naturally. Profiled timber is purchased standard sizes
with a cross section: 100x100 mm, 150x150m, 200x200 mm and a length from 4 m to 6 m or more. The laminated laminated timber used in construction, called lamellas, is pre-sawn into boards. This material is subjected to planing and special drying, and the resulting wood moisture content is within 8–9%. After sorting, the dried boards are glued together
hydraulic press
, forming laminated veneer lumber. In the technical process, water-resistant special glue composition is used. The most durable among the two types of lumber under consideration is laminated veneer lumber, which is recommended for capital construction.
Calculation of material for floor and ceiling
Rafters, beams used in arranging the ceiling and floor are quite suitable with a section of 100x150 mm. Knowing the exact dimensions of the future building, it is easy to calculate the lumber for the ceiling and floor.
If the installation step = 1 m, 7 beams, each 6 m long, can serve as lags, including 7 beams with the same length, which will be prepared for arranging the ceiling.
In total, 14 beams or 84 linear meters. When calculating the required amount of lumber, the resulting length is multiplied by S section. , and we get 84*0.015=1.26 m3. It is also necessary to take into account the possible percentage of substandard quality, which, on average, can be up to 5% of the total purchased timber. Calculation for roofing When counting required quantity timber for roofing, it is necessary to clarify the type of roof in advance. If this gable view
As a rule, the roof will have 45% at the ridge. The installation spacing of the rafters was chosen to be 0.6 m. This type of fastening elements is made on the basis of timber with a section of 100x150 mm. Leg length rafter beam calculated using the Pythagorean theorem. The hypotenuse of the resulting triangle is the width of the house, and the rafters are the legs.
The length of the legs is 4.2 m. The length of the house is divided by the step and 12 beams are obtained. Knowing the cross-section, we calculate for the roof - you will need 1.51 m 3. It’s worth adding about another 7–8% to account for technical needs and possible poor condition.
Keep in mind: When installing a roof with a smaller distance between the rafters, it is permissible to use a smaller section of timber.
To avoid tedious calculations, use a popular online calculator. The free service will protect you from inaccuracies, allow you to insure yourself against inevitable miscalculations, and prevent mistakes.
Before starting to build a house made of timber, many consumers ask themselves: how much timber is needed for the construction of the planned structure. To answer this question you can go two ways:
- Use the beam calculation calculator;
- Read the article below about calculation of the amount of timber which will be needed to build a house.
And if everything is more or less clear with a calculator, then doing it yourself is much more difficult. Let's look into this issue.
Factors influencing the amount of timber required to build a house.
The main thing to consider when calculating the amount of timber per house is:
- What type of timber will be used in construction;
- How much timber do we need?
- How many units of timber are in 1 cubic meter;
- Features of the project of a house made of timber or a cottage.
Calculation of construction timber in cubic meters.
And so, how calculate the amount of timber in 1 cubic meter simple method? It should be noted that the example below is not exact. To make a more accurate calculation, you need to have a project of the future house.
To calculate the amount of timber in 1 m 3 you need:
- Calculate the perimeter of the building;
- Multiply the perimeter by the height;
- The product of the perimeter and height must be multiplied by the thickness of the product.
For our case, the formula will look like this: V = h*b*l = 0.15 * 0.15 *6 = 0.135 m3,
- h is the height of the beam;
- b- width;
- l- length.
Let's find out how many units of lumber are in 1 cube as follows: 1/0.135 = 7.41 pieces.
After carrying out all the above calculations, we will get the result of the number of cubes of timber required to construct the building.
To calculate timber which will be needed for finishing interior walls, we use a similar method. let's consider specific example, how to calculate the amount of timber for a bathhouse 5 * 10 meters, 3 meters high.
Let us conditionally determine that during construction the size 150 * 150 mm will be used.
- (5 m - width + 10 m length) × 2 = 30 m - perimeter of the building.
- 30 perimeter × 3 height = 90 m 2 - wall area.
- 90 area × 0.15 material thickness = 13.5 m 3 - needed to build a box from a 5 × 10 beam 3 m high.
Like this in a simple way we calculated the amount of timber for the walls, which is 13.5 m3. But, you need to take into account that due to the presence of window and doorways, the amount of material used will be less than calculated.
Often craftsmen do not take this point into account; it is believed that it would be even better to add about 20% in reserve, in the end we will get: 13.5 + 20% = 16.2 m 3 timber is needed for a building 5 * 10 m.
Features of timber that must be taken into account when calculating.
When building a house from timber, the first step is to lay the crown, which should be slightly thicker than the main beam. The first crown is made of thicker timber; later the weight of the whole house will put pressure on it, so it is additionally recommended to treat it with machine oil or an antiseptic.
In the calculation described above, this nuance was not taken into account; it must be calculated separately.
Calculation of timber in units.
After you have calculated the amount of timber in m3, you can easily find out how much timber will be needed in units (pieces).
Consider a table of common sizes of this 6m long product:
Table of the amount of timber in 1 m 3 for calculating timber for a house.
|
Section * beam length |
Volume 1 piece, m3. |
Quantity of timber in 1 m3, pcs. |
|---|---|---|
In the above example, where we indicated the cubic capacity of the timber for the bathhouse, we will carry out further calculations of the materials in pieces.
In order to calculate the amount of material per house in pieces, we carry out the following calculation; for this, the amount of 13.5 m3 must be divided by the cubic volume of the timber used, in our case it is equal, based on the table, to 0.135 m3: 13.5: 0.135 = 100 pieces.
If you correctly calculate the amount of timber in pieces, then when purchasing timber you will be able to control whether all the material is shipped to you by the seller.
Thickness and height of timber.
The material can have different thickness and height, the following are the main dimensions:
- 100*100 mm.
- 100*150 mm.
- 150*150 mm.
- 150*200 mm.
- 200*200 mm.
If everything is clear with height, the higher the beam, the fewer inter-crown seams, the faster the production construction works, and naturally, the number of pieces of timber for building a house decreases. But the width in this case is more important, especially when building for all-season living.
Attention: Sometimes timber manufacturers indicate the dimensions of the timber, which may differ from the real ones; for example, a timber of 150x150 mm actually has a size of 140x140 mm.
The consequences of purchasing such a beam will be very disastrous, if for a height of 3 meters you will need 20 pieces of timber measuring 150x150 mm, then for a size of 140x140 mm - 21 pieces and a half, and this is one and a half crown rows.
If you plan to live in the house all year round, then it is recommended to use timber with a thickness of 200 mm. It is also necessary to take care of the insulation of timber walls, the best option will be polystyrene or mineral wool 10 cm thick.
When constructing a bathhouse, it is advisable to use a material thickness of 150 mm; it is quite sufficient for short-term temperature maintenance. Well, if you decide to build country house For summer holiday, then in this case walls made of 100x100 mm timber will be just right.
A wooden house has a special appeal. In addition to its superior aesthetics, it has many other advantages, which explains the growing popularity of this type of housing. Preliminarycalculation of a house made of timber will help you with high accuracy determine upcoming expenses and assess your financial capabilities for such a construction.
Calculation of a roof in a house made of timber
Types of materials for wooden buildings
Before calculating a wooden building, you need to decide what material to choose for it. Currently, developers are offered the following lumber for this purpose:
- regular (sawn) and profiled timber made of solid wood;
- regular and profiled laminated wood timber;
- calibrated (rounded) log.
These are the main lumber used in the construction of wooden buildings, but profiled laminated veneer lumber is considered the best among them. Its advantages are:
- minimum residual moisture in the range of 10–18%, virtually eliminating shrinkage and deformation of wood;
- ideal shape and precise linear dimensions of the material, which extremely simplifies and facilitates the assembly of the building;
- increased strength compared to similar solid wood timber;
- no need for additional sealing of the seams between the beams.
These characteristics do not greatly affect total material for the construction of a building - except that the consumption of timber will be slightly lower due to reduced losses due to waste.
Anyway preliminary calculation of a house made of timber at the building design stage will allow you to optimize the costs of future construction in terms of quantity and cost of material. In order to correctly calculate the consumption of timber and logs at the first stage, it is necessary to carefully prepare the building design and carry out its detailing, taking into account the layout, dimensions, locations for window and door openings.
General principles for calculating lumber for wooden houses
To calculate the total amount of lumber for a wooden building, you need to divide this procedure into three stages - according to the number of main structural parts of any building. Calculation of a house made of timber is made taking into account the following elements:
- walls and partitions;
- floors;
- rafter frame.
For each of the named parts of the building, calculations are made, taking into account the purpose of each element. For example, an outwardly similar wall and an internal partition are assembled from timber of different sections, so the amount of material for structures of the same dimensions can differ by more than twice.
Calculation of materials for walls and partitions
Walls and partitions made of timber or logs form the frame of the house. These are the main load-bearing structures of the building, and the walls are also responsible for its thermal insulation. You can calculate the amount of lumber for walls and partitions using the following algorithm:
1. The walls are measured along the outer perimeter and height of the building. Minimum size beam sections for home permanent residence is at least 150x150 mm. In this case, the width of the beam for the first (lower) crown should be greater than for subsequent rows.
2. The volume of material in cubic meters is converted into pieces based on the overall size of the timber. The resulting amount is rounded to big side up to a whole number.
3. From the total amount of material, subtract the volume occupied by window and door openings.
4. For partitions (partitions) and houses for seasonal residence, timber with a cross-section of 100x100 mm is quite sufficient.
Carrying out preliminary calculation of a house made of timber, start with optimal thickness walls – this is 200–250 mm. This value guarantees proper thermal insulation, and the walls will not need additional insulation.
If you choose a calibrated log for a log house, then its diameter should be at least 220–260 mm. When calculating a wooden bathhouse, the normal thickness of walls made of timber is considered to be in the range of 125–150 mm or made of logs with a diameter of 200–240 mm.
Developers who do not have sufficient experience may need help to draw up a building project and calculate the amount of materials. The easiest way to find it is on the Internet. You can buy here finished project, get help in the form of advice on forums from people who have already built a log house with their own hands. However, the scope of work on building a house made of wood is not limited to the construction of walls.
Calculation of materials for floors
Ceiling and basement floors form the volume of premises (rooms). Their basis is wooden beams, which rest on the foundation and load-bearing walls. To calculate the required amount of material for floors, you should adhere to the following requirements:
- the step width between adjacent beams should not exceed one meter;
- the optimal cross-sectional size of the beams is 100x150 mm;
- the outer beams must be adjacent to the walls along their entire length;
- the number of beams, depending on the orientation of their installation, is determined as follows: the length or width of the building must be divided by the step size indicated in the project and subtract one unit.
To perform correctly calculation of a house made of timber from the point of view of the strength of the floors, the operating load of the building should be known or predicted. This way it will be possible not to lay down excess strength characteristics beams, saving a decent amount on this.
Beams in a timber house Where calculations are required load-bearing structures, it is best to take the help of specialists. Implementation cannot be avoided without this individual project. The costs of design services are not so significant that we would not consider this option for preparing the construction of our own housing.
Floors in a house made of timber Calculation of materials for the rafter frame
roof arrangement in a timber house Unlike walls and ceilings, the rafter frame has a volumetric configuration. Therefore, it is much more difficult to calculate. In addition, it consists of many parts different sizes, it uses other materials besides timber. The roofing design must take into account the following factors:
- operational and wind loads;
- roof type and slope;
- view roofing material And so on.
Carrying out preliminary calculation of a house made of timber At the roof design stage, we must not forget that when constructing a roof, beams of different sections are necessarily used. The width of the step between the rafters should not exceed 70 cm. The ridge beam and mauerlats have the largest cross-section. The rafter frame must ensure the presence of roof overhangs, etc.
In this case, you will need the help of specialists more than ever. For example, you can buy a ready-made house project made of timber or logs to adapt it to suit your needs. The main advantage of such a solution is that it eliminates the risk of errors, which can cost much more than the fee for the service received.
It is also necessary to include the sheathing of the rafter frame in the calculation of the roof. It can be solid or lattice depending on the chosen roofing material. Since window and door blocks most often they buy ready-made, on this preliminary calculation of a house made of timber can be considered completed. All you have to do is get your draft notes in order to move on to procurement. necessary materials.
In order for your project to take on its proper form, you must complete calculation of a house made of timber finalization of its results. In the language of professionals, this is called drawing up a material specification. This document allows you to control the amount of lumber in the assortment and the total amount of costs for their purchase. The specification is drawn up in the following order:
- the volume of materials in cubic meters is summarized according to basic parameters, such as the cross-section and types of timber, width, thickness and length of the boards;
- lumber is converted into pieces, which greatly simplifies the purchasing process and makes it easy to control their quantity and range.
We would like to note that the typical sizes of timber, logs, and boards are multiples. You must take this circumstance into account when drawing up a project. Otherwise, significant waste losses are inevitable. In other words, the dimensions of the log house should be measured in numbers of the same order as standard materials. All the information necessary for this can be found in GOST 8486-86, GOST 24454-80 and others regulatory documents woodworking
Final stage calculating a house made of timber with the preparation of material specifications for the quantity and cost of lumber will provide you with indispensable assistance in assessing your own capabilities. At this stage, you can still make changes to the project: for example, make it cheaper or, conversely, use higher quality and more expensive materials.
Basic properties of wood: useful information
Carrying out calculation of a house made of timber, the main characteristics of wood should be taken into account. This will ensure a rational choice of materials and will allow you to perform a number of other important calculations (for example, when laying the foundation of a house). Among the main properties and characteristics of lumber are:
- residual moisture: it is not recommended to use wood with a moisture content above 23% in construction;
- density - this parameter directly affects the strength of the material and the weight of the building;
- resistance to moisture, rot, insects that harm spruce trees and other external factors.
Based on the combination of all its features, laminated veneer lumber is best suited for walls. It has the lowest possible residual moisture, and, thanks to its multi-layer structure, is superior in strength to analogues made from solid wood of any species. In addition, laminated lumber is usually treated with antiseptics and fire retardants.
For walls and partitions we recommend using profiled timber. It is significantly more expensive, but these costs will be fully compensated by reducing work time, finishing costs, insulation and other costs that are inevitable when using less quality materials. Now you can safely start construction.
Calculation of timber for a house is necessary in order to determine the required amount of lumber for the construction of a rafter system, implementation of formwork work and floor coverings construction site. Its correct calculation is especially important when building cottages from laminated or sawn timber.
How to calculate the amount of timber per house?
In order to correctly navigate the needs of lumber, it is necessary to make a structure design indicating the exact dimensions on which the length of the timber depends. Regarding its thickness, it is important to consider the following factors:
- for a private house or bathhouse, timber with a cross section of 200x200 mm is suitable;
- for seasonal construction it is possible to use wood with dimensions of 100x100 mm or 150x150 mm.
Based on the fact that the cost of wood building material indicated in cubic meters, to calculate the exact number of pieces of logs in 1 cubic meter, you need to make a simple calculation:
1m3/Z/W/L, where
- Z - board width;
- W - board thickness;
- L is the length of the board.
The design of the house involves calculating the required volume of ceiling and floor beams, determining lumber for the rafter system, external walls, gables, and internal partitions.
Often, construction uses ceiling and floor beams with a cross-section of 100x150 mm using a pitch of 0.7 to 1 meter. In order to determine their quantity, you must use the formula:
- Ld is the length of the house;
- Ls is the length of the applied step.
Taking into account the fact that lumber is sold by the supplier in cubic meters, calculating the cubic capacity of a timber involves multiplying its cross-sectional area and linear length.
Calculation of timber for external walls And load-bearing partitions involves determining the area and thickness of the walls. Multiplying these parameters will give the total volume of timber required for the construction of the specified structural elements.
Timber cubic capacity calculator
To accurately calculate the cubic capacity of lumber for rafter system the use of special arithmetic algorithms will be required. The beam calculation calculator will greatly simplify the task. Correct determination of the required building material guarantees the reliability of the construction of the building structure and savings in financial costs.
The program will allow you to calculate timber online by entering initial data. By changing the specified parameters, you can compare several projects and choose the most profitable one from a financial point of view. By processing the individual parameters of a house project, the calculator will make the most accurate calculation, eliminating the risk of overpaying for excess material. It is important to consider the possible percentage of defects, which is about 5% of the total volume of lumber.
Construction of a house must begin with calculations. And one of the most difficult is calculating the amount of materials needed. A separate line can be used to calculate the amount of timber. You can do this manually, or you can use a home timber calculator, but even then it is advisable to know and understand the calculation methodology.
Calculation of the quantity and volume of timber:
beam width:
beam height:
total length of walls (including all internal partitions):
wall height:
area of openings (windows, doors):
beam length:
price for 1m 3:
number of gables:
wall length:
pediment height:
opening area:
Which timber can be used for which buildings?
For the construction of houses, two types of timber are used:
They differ from each other in production technology, some technical characteristics and, of course, the price. Historically, for the construction of summer cottages and bathhouses, timber measuring 100x100 mm was used. For construction capital house For medium-sized timber, it is quite possible to use timber with a cross-section of 150X150 mm. Solid structures such as cottages or houses of impressive size use a product with a cross-section of 200X200 mm. As a rule, the length of the timber, regardless of its production technology, is 6 meters. But if desired, you can order a beam with a different length. The technologies used at enterprises producing timber make it possible to produce timber with two flat and two convex surfaces, one of them extends outside the building, the other inside. Thus, it seems that the house is assembled from rounded logs.
Calculation algorithm
Important: when calculating timber, it makes sense to proceed from standard dimensions, thus you can optimize the amount of waste.
The entire calculation can be divided into several parts. That is, you need to find out the amount of timber for the log house, the structure of the roof, floors, etc.
Basic formula
Important: as a unit of measurement, lumber required for construction is carried out in cubic meters(cub. m).
For example, consider the algorithm for calculating a house made of timber with a cross-section of 150X150 mm. A beam of this cross-section is quite suitable for the construction of a building for areas located in middle lane our country. To perform the calculations you will need the following dimensions:
1. Dimensions of the building - length x width x height (LxSxH);
2. Number and dimensions of internal partitions - S1;
3. Dimensions and number of rafters;
4. Dimensions and number of beams used for the floor and ceiling.
As a calculation object, we will take a one-story house, with overall dimensions 9x6x3 m and one internal partition 6 m. Based on these data, you can calculate the total cubic capacity of the timber. To do this you need:
calculate the perimeter: (L*S)*2+S1=(9*6)*2+6=36 m. total area house is calculated by the formula - 36 * 3 = 108 m. Where 36 is the area, 3 is the height. By multiplying the result obtained by the length of the side of the beam, you can find out the total quantity, that is, 108 * 0.15 = 16.2 cubic meters.
Important: a certain amount of material will be saved due to the fact that window and door openings will be cut out during construction. But practice shows that it is necessary to add 10 - 15% to the calculated size of the timber. Since there is always a possibility that the purchased material will contain substandard wood.
Calculation of the amount of lumber for the floor and ceiling
The amount of material required for beams, rafters, etc. directly depends on the type of building and roof structure. Beams with a section size of 100X150 mm are quite suitable for use in floor and ceiling construction. Taking the dimensions of the future house as a basis, you can calculate the number of beams. To do this, you need to find out how much timber is needed for arranging the floor and ceiling. With an installation step of 1 meter, 8 beams 6 m long will be used as joists, in addition, 8 beams of the same length will be used to construct the ceiling. That is, only 16 beams or 96 linear meters. To calculate the amount of lumber required, it is necessary to multiply the resulting length by the cross-sectional area, i.e. 96*0.015=1.44 cubic meters. Taking into account the above about the likelihood of substandard wood entering the one that will be purchased, you can safely purchase 1.5 cubic meters.
How much lumber is needed for the roof?
In the type of house for which the calculation is being carried out, as a rule, a gable roof is installed. The main task when designing this type of roof is to choose the correct slope. In fact, with a small slope of slopes, in winter time Ice will accumulate on the roof, and if too sharp corner, such a roof can be blown away by a sharp gust of wind. Therefore, many homeowners make the Solomon decision and choose a roof with a ridge angle of 45 degrees. Traditionally, the installation pitch of the rafters is 0.6 meters. The rafters themselves are made of 100x150 m timber.
Important! Installation of rafters with a smaller pitch allows the use of timber with a smaller cross-section.
In accordance with the Pythagorean theorem, the length of the leg of the rafter beam is determined. In a triangle where the width of the house is taken as the hypotenuse, and the rafters are the legs, it turns out that the length of the leg is 4.2 m. Dividing the length of the house by the length of the step, we get the number of beams - 14 m. Taking into account the section, we can calculate that for the construction of the roof you will need 1.76 cubic meters. timber.
After this, the calculation of the amount of timber can be considered complete. It is important not to forget about increasing the volume of purchased timber by 10 - 15%. You can check your calculations using our online calculator.
In addition, many companies that are engaged in the construction of country housing will help you calculate the amount of timber for free.