Expand the doorway in the load-bearing wall. Expanding openings in load-bearing walls

Increasing the passage of laser cutting

Not always the typical layout of the apartment satisfies the wishes of its owners. In this case, it becomes necessary to redevelop it, and often an expansion of the doorway is required.

Such work is carried out after accurate calculations and the availability of a special tool. How to do this will tell the article.

Increasing process

Any redevelopment of the apartment requires compliance with building codes. When moving or expanding the opening for doors, in the bearing wall, weakening of the structure of the house, the occurrence of deformations should not be allowed. Because of this, the redevelopment project must be coordinated with the state supervision authorities.

Some ways to expand the doorway are presented in the table:

Standards and approvals

Regardless of the purpose of the building, it has an opening for the door to enter the building and to communicate with neighboring rooms.

There are several reasons why you need to increase the size:

• Many people want to visually expand the space, make it bright and spacious, without changing the dimensions of the living space, as in the photo.

Increase

• The opening cannot accommodate the acquired modern fashionable door structure.
• Production of a door under the order.

Tip: Before increasing the opening in a panel house, it should be borne in mind that this is painstaking and not entirely simple work with existing risks, in compliance with standards and tolerances.

There are no special problems to increase the door opening in any wall.

But in the bearing wall they are quite large:

• In the absence of a building plan, it is impossible to determine the purpose of the wall, whether it will be load-bearing, which will require additional reinforcement of the structure, or it is enough just to strengthen the ceiling with beams.
• It is necessary to have an agreement with the BTI. This will confirm the fact that the load on the wall with an increase in the width of the door will not exceed the exposure limit.
• You need to obtain the appropriate permit to perform work.

When redevelopment of an apartment, it is necessary to take into account the parameters of the standards specified in SNiP.

For door blocks, the following dimensions are provided:

• The width of the structure is from 55 to 80, depending on the purpose of the opening.
• Doors for plumbing units, transitions to the kitchen - 55 centimeters.
• For living rooms, bedrooms and entrances - at least 80 centimeters.
• Height can vary from 190 to 210 centimeters.
• Thickness - 75 millimeters.
• Manufacturers offer ready-made blocks, the frame width of which ranges from 15 to 70 mm.

Tip: When determining the dimensions, you should adhere to the requirements of SNiP, and familiarize yourself with the existing restrictions on its expansion.

How much can be expanded offers an instruction that combines the following rules:

• The maximum allowable dimensions of a wall for a load-bearing wall can be: width - 2 meters, height - 2.1 meters.
• With an increase in size, spans between adjacent rooms must be further strengthened at the ends with supports.
• Expanded to the maximum size and more passages in the main walls, it is recommended to strengthen the support in the center.

strengthening

Important documents when expanding the passage between the premises in the apartment are:

• Plan of stages of work.
• Architectural plan.
• Floor plan of the building.
• Extract from the house book, if available.
• Certificates from the BTI on the permission to carry out redevelopment.

Preparation for work

Having decided on which wall the expansion of the doorway will be performed, you need to find out about it:

• Is there hidden wiring inside the wall.
• The presence of fittings or pipes.
• Is there a chimney and where is it located.

To obtain this information, you must use a metal detector. If any obstacles are found in the wall, they can be removed:

• Move the wiring to another place.
• Retreat at least 300 millimeters from the chimney.
• Dismantling pipes and moving them to another place - but this will require the help of a specialist.

Expansion Order

Interroom enlarged passage

Enlarging a doorway in walls made of any material includes the following steps:

• Marking the required dimensions of the structure.

markup

• Dismantling of the required area.

• Strengthening the opening to ensure its strength and prevent collapse or deformation.

To dismantle the structure, you can use impact tools, sawing or drilling equipment.

Depending on the material from which the wall is built, these can be:

• Perforator.
• Jackhammer.
• Special circular saw with a diamond wheel.
• Bulgarian.
• Electric drill with a diamond drill.
• Hand tools: chisel, hammer, sledgehammer.

Tip: More attention should be paid to working with high strength concrete walls. It requires very precise work, and excludes vibration and damage to surrounding structures.

For work you will need the following materials:

• Wooden bar.
• Corner, dimensions not less than 35x35x4 mm.
• Components for the manufacture of concrete mortar.
• Boards.
• Hardware.

To better imagine the process of increasing the opening for the door, you should get acquainted with the video in this article.

Expansion of a passage in a brick wall

The work is performed in the following sequence:

• We mark along the contour.

• If necessary, the jumper is transferred.
• The upper masonry is reinforced with a metal channel.
• The grinder cuts out a part of the wall according to the marked marks.

• For cleaning the perimeter are used: a chisel with hammer blows, a drill or a perforator.
• It is better to remove excess elements from the wall with your hands, having previously removed the mortar from the seams (see).
• A welded structure is mounted around the perimeter.

Tip: After finishing work, you should check the integrity of the brickwork wall. If splits in the seams and cracks are found, they must be plastered.

Expanding an opening in a concrete wall

Expansion in a concrete wall: installation procedure

In order to perform the process correctly, you must first:

• Prepare a space for work: furniture and other items are covered with construction film, which will save them from excess dust.
• Buy special bags for collecting wall pieces and other debris, which are then quickly and easily taken out and loaded into the car.
• Use a respirator and special goggles to protect the face and eyes from dust and small fragments during dismantling.

Stages of scaling up:

• The old door structure is being dismantled:

1. The platbands and extensions are torn off with a nail puller.
2. The canvas is removed from the hinges, prying it from below with a crowbar.
3. Vertical racks are cut with a grinder and torn off with the same nail puller.
4. The upper jumper is torn off or left in place.

• The contour of the increase in span is marked along the perimeter of the wall.
• Holes are made along the contour with an impact drill to simplify further destruction.
• Panel cutting is performed in turn on each side.
• After cutting through the reinforcement, the remnants of the wall are removed by blows with a sledgehammer.
• The opening is reinforced with metal corners, strips or pieces of rod.

Increasing order

Whichever way the expansion is carried out, it is necessary that the whole process is carried out in accordance with safety requirements.

When replacing a door or arranging an opening in the form of an arch, it may be necessary to expand it. If a light partition between rooms is being reconstructed, drywall or similar material from which it is made can be cut and sawn as you like. This will not affect the strength of the building. Another thing is load-bearing walls, damage to which can lead to irreparable consequences. Any reconstruction of them must be carried out in accordance with a separate project containing the calculation of the redistribution of the load after the changes.

Calculation of the dimensions of the arched lintel.

How to start dismantling?

First, it is required to strengthen the openings in the bearing walls. In concrete buildings, it can be carried out after the work is completed, but brick buildings must be taken care of at the very beginning in order to prevent its destruction. To do this, a metal beam is installed at the top, under which a niche is sawn in the masonry. Its depth is about half a brick. All voids above and below the beam are filled with concrete mix.

In the preparatory work and directly to increase the opening, the following materials and tools are used:

Scheme of insulation and reinforcement of a wooden door.

• steel channel (beam with a cross section in the shape of the letter "P");
• tie bolts 20 mm or metal studs 16 mm in diameter;
• steel plates (sheet steel);
• metal corner;
• cement mortar;
• electric drill;
• electric cutter, power cutter or grinder with a diamond wheel;
• jacks or other props for the duration of work;
• perforator (only for bricks).

Holes for tie bolts are pre-drilled in the channels, at least 3 pieces. The distance between them should be at least 50 cm. The length of the channel is selected so that it enters 25-35 cm into the brick walls on both sides of the opening. The required section of the used beam, as well as the class of metal from which it must be made, is determined in the load calculations and included in the redevelopment project.

Related article: Living room interior planning

How to strengthen the structure?

Scheme of the device of the door frame.

Brick buildings require a particularly careful approach. In a pre-cut niche, even before expanding the opening, it is necessary to fix the channel (preferably on cement mortar). Through the holes in it, the wall is drilled through.

Then, on the opposite side, a second channel with holes is installed in the same way. The beams are coupled to each other by coupling bolts or studs having washers and nuts on both sides. Further work can be done only after the solution has completely hardened.

To prevent the brick from collapsing from above, the channels are connected along the lower shelves, for which steel plates 5-6 mm thick are welded to them. Their pitch should be approximately equal to the pitch of the tie bolts.

If the new width of openings in brick walls exceeds 1.5 m, they should be reinforced with vertical posts. They are also made from steel strips, which are welded to the lower shelves of the channels. Vertical racks, in turn, need to be interconnected by transverse plates inside the opening.

The most reliable is the design, consisting of two welded frames. Frames can be made from channels. They are placed on both sides of the opening, and then pulled together with studs through the load-bearing walls.

This method of reinforcement is the most expensive, therefore, it is necessary to resort to it only if the opening is expanded to a greater height. It can also be recommended for heavy loads, especially on the lower floors of multi-storey buildings.

Features of the dismantling of concrete and brick walls

Scheme of the channel to strengthen the opening.

Cuts should be made according to pre-made markings. Both the handheld electric cutter and the power cutter are equipped with a diamond wheel sufficient for a cut depth of up to 10 cm.

These tools provide constant wetting during operation, minimizing the formation of dust.

Expansion of openings in brick and concrete walls. ✔No noise and dust ✔In 1 day! Fast departure across Moscow and MO. There is an SRO permit.