The online children's game "Color Puzzle" resembles somewhat surreal paintings by famous artists, but there is only one trouble - it is disassembled into pieces and it is your child who will have to reassemble it, substituting figures of unusual shapes and sizes, as if cut out
With the help of this exciting educational game for children, your child can get acquainted with different colors and shapes of figures. Perform tasks, move with the mouse squares, ovals, rhombuses of your chosen color into a circle of the same color as the shape. The game has fun and interesting music
Children's game Checkers through the Looking Glass will interest any child, because this is not just classic fun - playing as Alice you need to beat your favorite heroes from a magical land - the Cheshire Cat, the March Hare and even the Queen herself! The figures are made in the form of small clocks, which is different
Excellent soundtrack, ultra-fashionable, colorful graphics - this is what you will truly enjoy when you decide to play Mega Checkers! We have absolutely no doubt that you will appreciate the perfect design, and after playing, you will sincerely say "Why, this is really Mega!" Remember nude
The game Samurai Checkers is similar to the usual checkers, perhaps only in one thing - it has the same pieces. Otherwise, everything is different here, except for the principle of the game, you need to play Samurai checkers by jumping over the opponent's pieces, fill the cells of the board with your checkers, trying to
Help your young mommy look good in Pregnant Mom Dress Up. To do this, prepare a relaxing spa treatment, do her makeup and choose clothes that fit her figure. Collect rubies and buy the most beautiful maternity outfits and jewelry. Mouse control
Lions and tigers, hippos and rhinos, foxes and wolves, cats and dogs, mammals and reptiles, carnivores and herbivores - animal toy figures come in all possible and impossible species. And it doesn't matter if the toy animals gather in herds, huddle in flocks, disperse in pairs or follow the path of singles - there are a whole bunch of options for how to play with them. We'll tell you about our favorite animal figurine games.
"Pretend" has an excellent selection of various toy animals:
Sorting
When your pet menagerie grows to a decent size of a couple dozen animals, you can arrange sorting games. It is up to you to decide on what principle to sort the figures of animals, just take a closer look and see what options are possible with your set of animals. You can sort, for example, like this:
Terrestrial, aquatic and amphibious
Carnivores and herbivores
Day and night
Habitat (desert, forest, ocean, mountains, etc.)
To do this, you can simply arrange the figures of animals on the floor in different piles or come up with boxes, on each of which you can glue a marker or a name so that the child himself can easily figure out where to send which animal.
Walking safari
When the weather permits, take your little zoo with you for a walk. The most interesting part of the game with animal figures begins outside the threshold, in the park or on city streets. The panda nestles comfortably on the fresh grass, the pretend squirrel has climbed into a real hollow, and the polar bear strives to swim in a puddle. Let him bathe, come home - wipe.
- you can arrange a scientific trip (with a magnifying glass for searching animals and a naturalist's journal for notes)
- go on a safari
- go on a hike and meet harmless forest dwellers at a halt
- make a pretend trip to the sea and meet the inhabitants of the coral thickets 
Alphabet of beasts
A game that resembles sorting with cards, but is suitable for older children, from about 4 years old. At this age, you can start learning letters. To play with the alphabet, you will need a plastic or wooden alphabet and animals. Place the letters, one at a time, on the floor or table. Show the child the principle - each letter corresponds to an animal whose name begins with this letter. Try to match each letter with an animal pair. It doesn't matter if there are not enough animals for some letters, continue playing with those that are for today.
We recently made our own on magnets.
Pathfinders
Are you ready to be trackers? Then let's paint. Plastic animal figurines are great for dipping their paws in paint and leaving intricate patterns of footprints on a sheet of paper. When all the animals have trampled on paper, you can arrange a small and harmless hunt, armed with a real or imaginary magnifying glass. What animals went where? By the way, traces can also be left in the rolled plasticine.
World map
An older child can be offered to resettle the animals on the continents. A large paper map of the world is suitable for this. And you can also print images of continents from the Internet, cut and paste on cardboard. You will get cards according to which from time to time you can lay out your animals and train your memory, attention and knowledge of the fauna of the Earth.
By the way, the Samokat publishing house has an excellent ... A whole album with the coolest illustrations, which depicts all the continents and the animals that live on them.
Ice rescue operation
An absolutely safe option of the game is to arrange a rescue operation and help the animals get out of the ice captivity. First, of course, they need to be frozen with water. Small figures in an ice mold. Bigger figures - pile into a plastic tray. The next day, you will get an icy miracle out of the freezer, which will take the child at least an hour and a half. Give him a basin or a tray, all sorts of spoons, shovels, a hammer - something that will be convenient and safe to hammer the ice with. Pour warm water into a separate glass so that he can melt the whole thing faster. Tell that the animals need his rescue help - they are stuck in an ice floe and really want to go out. When the animals get out with the help of the child, offer him to wipe them with a rag, cover them with a blanket to keep them warm, and in case of hypothermia, heal them.
By height in cubes
This is a game with a focus on learning math. Invite your child to compare how tall the different animal figures are - in Lego bricks or in wooden blocks (remember, as in the cartoon, everyone measured each other in parrots). And, if the child already knows how to count, he can count how many cubes "fit" in each of the animals. Which one is the champion?
Big bathing
Think animals don't need to wash? And how it should be, especially if they live with you. Arrange a big "wash" together with the plastic figures of animals: take a basin of warm water, give the child a washcloth, brush, soap, ladle, towel. Show by the example of one animal how bathing can be done. And let the child repeat - first, soap, then rub with a washcloth or brush, then rinse, wipe and put to bask in the sun.
Life of animals
Animal figurines can always be great characters in any role-playing game. You can think of anything - from meeting an evil wolf and a cowardly hare in the forest to a hippopotamus traveling on a bus to the country of talking cats. You don't have to reproduce believable animal stories. If the child is already sufficiently accustomed to the real state of affairs (where the animals live, what they eat, what sounds they make, what habits they have), invite him to use toy animals in a variety of games - arrange a big picnic with them, go camping, play in the hospital or school , take them in a taxi, build a high-rise building for them from Lego, send them into space ... Well, you understand what a fantastic spread of story games is possible with the participation of animal figures.
We have collected a whole bunch of toy animals in "Ponaroshka".
They live here, on the site, in the section
The animals there are very different, from
with rope paws up to
made of durable quality plastic.
Choose your favorites and get on with the game!
A child begins to get acquainted with geometric shapes at the age of 1 - 1.5 years. First, he masters the simplest shapes - a circle, a square, a triangle. Then you can introduce the child to more complicated shapes: an oval, a semicircle, a rectangle, a rhombus, a trapezoid, and so on. But acquaintance with geometric shapes should not end only with the fact that the child learned their names and could, at the request of the adult, name the figure shown to him. Geometric Shape Games will help the child learn to see geometric shapes and shapes in the objects around him, to understand how the figures are obtained from one another.
But let's first figure out why you need to acquaint a child with geometric shapes.
What is it for?
Many educational games are based on the distinction of geometric shapes: Séguin boards, sorter, Montessori frames, Gienesh blocks, ", mosaic, constructor and so on. The sooner the baby gets acquainted with geometric shapes and forms, the wider the arsenal in which you can play with him will be.
The ability to see geometric shapes in the objects around us, for example, that the ball is round and the book is rectangular, develops the child's spatial and associative thinking, logic. The ability to see the image of an object in a number of laid down simple geometric shapes, for example, that two circles of different sizes look like a chicken, and a row of triangles look like a wave, develops the imagination.
Moreover, a child who has experienced geometric shapes and forms in childhood while playing with all the senses will find it much easier to learn geometry at school.
How a child learns geometric shapes
Let's see how a child learns geometric shapes. This will allow you to choose games for your kid depending on his age and skills.
You can start acquainting the child with geometric shapes when the child begins to walk, that is, at the age of about a year. It's better start with a circle, and when the baby remembers it well, go to another figure. It's good if a big figure comes to visit the baby - you can circle it with your finger, spank it with your palm, glue its eyes and mouth of the same shape, or somehow beat it.
You can begin to familiarize the child with various shapes of objects with three-dimensional figures. Firstly, it is more convenient for the baby to take them in hand. Secondly, he can do many other actions with them: throw, push, put in a box, put on top of each other, and so on - this is very useful, since at this age, visual-active thinking prevails in kids.
You can read about how to learn geometric shapes with your baby in the article.
Introducing the baby to a new figure, include in the games and figures learned earlier so that the baby does not forget them.
At the age of 1 to 2 years, the baby compares figures visually... He learns to sort the shapes, to insert objects of the desired shape into the corresponding slots.
Also, for a start, it is desirable that the figures were the same color and size, then the child will be guided only by the form, and the color and size will neither distract him, nor prompt him. To highlight the shape of an object, distracting from other signs: colors and sizes - the baby will learn a little later.
Starting from a year, you can play these games with your baby:
- "Magic bag";
- geometric lotto;
- sorting geometric shapes;
- sorter;
- seguin boards and Montessori inserts.
At 2 years old, the child can already select a shape by name from a bunch of geometric shapes. Closer to 3 years old, the child can name some geometric shapes... Of course, one should not endlessly examine the child and ask him: "What is this figure?" Both adults and children don't like this testing. Name geometric shapes during your conversations and games with your child, look for geometric shapes in the surrounding objects at home and while walking, turn on games with different geometric shapes and shapes into your classes, and you will see what your child has already mastered, and what else needs to be worked on.
- compare the shapes of flat and three-dimensional objects with geometric patterns;
- find a volumetric figure using a flat pattern;
- reproduce geometric shapes (draw, sculpt, cut, and so on);
- analyze the image of an object of complex shape and reproduce it from parts.
Options games with geometric shapes lots of. For sorting and building games, you need a set of geometric shapes. You can buy it or make it yourself from cardboard, soft plastic, thick felt. You can use the Gienesh blocks.
Learning to distinguish shapes
"Magic bag"... Place some geometric shapes in a small bag. Show the child a figurine of the same type and ask them to find the same in the bag. When the baby learns to correlate a volumetric figure and its flat image (circle and ball, square and cube, tetrahedron and triangle, and so on), you can show him not a volumetric figure, but a flat image. When the baby is able to recognize geometric shapes in the surrounding objects, it will be possible to put objects into the bag not geometric shapes.
Lotto. Lotto is a universal game, with its help you can study anything, including geometric shapes. It is easy to make a geometric loto on your own: we make cards with figures (3-4 figures are enough for kids) in duplicate, the second copy is cut into separate cards.
First, make the shapes the same color and size. When the child learns the shape well, you can make the figures multi-colored and of different sizes.
Children really like to superimpose three-dimensional figures on cards: Dienesh blocks, insert frames, figures from the sorter, details of the constructor.
Closer to 3 years old, you can make large cards with objects of different shapes (for example, a circle - a ball, an apple, a balloon; a square - a rug, handkerchief, window frame). While playing, the child will need to find an object corresponding to the geometric figure shown by the presenter.
Sorting geometric shapes
We divide the cookies. Invite your kid to divide the cookies (first two geometric shapes, then three types) between the dolls: one is a round cookie, the other is a square one.
Application. By sorting the shapes, you can make appliqués. Glue circles on a round sheet, and triangles on a triangular sheet. For the smallest, 2-3 figures of each type are enough. Let the baby choose a shape from the pile himself and determine which sheet to glue it on. You can cut shapes from colored paper of different textures, cardboard, soft plastic, felt. Add a story to the game: you make rugs for animals.
We sort by attributes. Show your child that some shapes can roll and some cannot, some shapes can be stacked on top of each other and some cannot, and so on. Closer to 5 years old, you can offer the child to sort the figures according to two signs: does not roll, does not roll and is put on top of each other, rolls and is not put on top of each other (cubes, cylinders, balls).
Sorter. Seguin boards and Montessori frames
The simplest sorter for a child can be a box with a round and square hole. Teach your toddler to push the balls into the round slot and the cubes into the square slot.
If your child has difficulty distinguishing geometric shapes, buy a sorter with vertical baffles. When the kid throws the figures into such a bucket, they do not mix, but each fall into its own compartment. And as a result, in one compartment there will be only triangles, in the other - cubes, and so on. If such a sorter has several figures of the same shape, but different colors or sizes, the child will learn to distinguish the shape of objects, regardless of other signs.
It will be more convenient for the child to play with the frames-inserts if the inserts have small handles for which they can be taken.
What if the child does not like sorters and inserts?
Not all children love playing with a sorter or insert frames. Try turning the sorter into a house in which the figurines will hide from the rain, or a mouse that will eat cheese.
From the sides of the sorter-cube, you can make a multi-storey house, or a village with detached houses, or a train.
If your insert frames are not solid, you can place animal stickers, emoticons in the holes. Then the liners can become the roofs of the houses.
Try to use frames and inserts in a different way - circle... You can trace the image of the figure around the frame if you have through holes in the frame, or the inserts themselves. The resulting figures can be painted over, hatched in different ways, put fingerprints inside them, or you can turn them into something and turn them: a circle - into an apple or sun, an oval - into a cucumber or a beetle, and so on.
Appliques from geometric shapes
If the child is already good at gluing parts to the given places, you can do plot applications or patterns and ornaments from geometric shapes... For the first applications, 3-4 figures are enough; gradually, their number can be increased. You can use ready-made albums for applications, for example "Geometric application" from the series "Your baby can do it" (from 1 to 3 years old).
You can also play with the child in the opposite game: you show the child an object made up of geometric shapes, and ask him to name the figures that make up it.
Draw and lay out geometric shapes
Drawing and laying out geometric shapes will allow the child to better feel their shape and differences from each other.
You can draw figures with pencils, paints, felt-tip pens. At first, you can draw shapes with your child together by gently grasping his arm and guiding its movement. Then the child will begin to draw himself. In most cases, the child first learns to draw a circle. If the child does not mind, the figure he has drawn can then be turned into something: a yellow circle - into the sun, a brown square - into a table, a blue oval - into a lake, and so on. Such transformations will contribute to the development of the child's ability to see geometric shapes in the objects around him.
You can prepare some kind of plot picture or use a ready-made one (for example, from a book "We paint with paints" from the series "Your baby can do it") and ask the kid to complete it: draw a round ball, a rectangular body for a truck, a triangular roof for a house, and so on.
Do you want to play with your child easily and with pleasure?
Geometric shapes can not only be drawn, but also sculpted from plasticine, laid out from rope, counting sticks, toothpicks (in the corners they can be fastened with plasticine), pencils, mosaics, and so on. On the street, you can draw geometric shapes with crayons, lay them out of sticks and pebbles. It will be more interesting if you add some kind of plot to this: build a house for a bear or a garage for a car, or a truck to bring sand to the sandbox.
You can also draw geometric shapes in the air with your finger, hand, or foot.
Outdoor games with geometric shapes
Outdoor games with a trajectory of movement in the form of a geometric figure will also allow the child to learn it better, especially for kinesthetic children.
Go around the figure (from 1 year)
You can start playing this game with your child as soon as he learns to walk confidently. Of course, he will need your help first. Mark on the asphalt with chalk or a house on the floor with a rope, masking tape or electrical tape, a geometric figure, start and finish (they will coincide). You can turn on funny music. Invite the baby to walk around the figure in different ways: walk, run, jump, crawl, on toes, on heels, raising his knees high, and so on. Older children can be asked to pass the figure by dribbling or throwing the ball.
Geometric Relay (from 1.5 years)
To play outdoors, you will need crayons, and to play at home, several pieces of rope. Draw several geometric shapes one after another on the asphalt, mark the start and finish. Within each shape, sketch out the action that the child needs to perform and the number of times. For example, in a circle, the child needs to turn around 2 times, in a square - sit down 3 times, in a triangle - stand on one leg, counting to 4, and so on. Invite your child to go through the relay race from start to finish. If distance permits, the shapes can be drawn at some distance from each other. The smallest can go through the relay race with their mother. For older children, the task can be complicated: to pass the relay for a while, start all over again if you made a mistake.
Catch-up with geometric houses (from 3 years old)
You probably know how to play catch-up with houses. A house is a place marked in some way on the ground or floor, having jumped onto which the player cannot be harassed by the driver. Try making geometric houses: line circles, squares, or triangles with rope, draw with crayons, or cut geometric shapes from a piece of paper or cloth. And add a condition: the baby can run into the house only if he names its shape.
Outdoor game "Walker" (from 1.5 years)
This is one of the favorite games of my youngest son (2 years 3 months). You will need 6 large geometric shapes (I used A4 sheets) and a large cube. Geometric shapes should have different colors. Paste the edges of the cube in the color of your geometric shapes. The figures must be laid out in the room or in the apartment. We play until you get bored, like this: you roll the dice, depending on the color on the dice, the kid moves, runs, jumps or somehow moves to the figure of the desired color, at the same time its name (or you call the figure if the kid does not speak ).
Geometric shapes and speech development
Contracts
Find or create your own geometry poetry, and encourage your child to insert the names of the shapes as you read the poem.
Geometric fairy tales
You can think of a fairy tale, the heroes of which would be geometric figures. Write it down by inserting their images instead of the names of geometric shapes. When reading a story to a child, ask your child to name geometric shapes for you.
Mind games with geometric shapes
Having a set of geometric shapes, you can play with your child and games that will train his memory, develop logic and thinking.
Repeat pattern (from 2 years old) . You lay out a pattern of several shapes (for the smallest, it is better to start with 2-3 shapes). The child needs to repeat the pattern, looking at your pattern or from memory.
Continue the sequence (from 4 years old) . You lay out a sequence of several shapes. The child needs to continue it. First, you can build a sequence by changing only one feature (for example, from blue circles: large - small - large - small), then you can change two features (blue big circle - yellow small circle) or even three (blue big circle - yellow small triangle ).
What changed (from 4 years old) . You lay out some kind of pattern or shape. Ask the child to turn away or close their eyes and remove something from the pattern or change. The child needs to notice what has changed.
Geometric puzzles
If your child likes cut pictures, you can do cut geometric shapes (from 1.5 years old). First, cut the figures into 2 parts, if the baby can easily cope with this task, cut each half in half more, and so on. You can cut shapes lengthwise or crosswise into multiple pieces. You can give the child pieces of the figure, name it and ask to assemble it. Then the figure can no longer be named, just give pieces of the figure, let the child guess for himself what kind of figure he needs to assemble.
To a three-year-old child, you can show how geometric shapes are formed from each other... For example, a square can be turned into 2 rectangles or 4 squares, into 2 or 4 triangles; a triangle can be turned into two triangles or into a triangle and a trapezoid. Show your child that you can not only divide a figure into several others, but you can also assemble one from several figures.
After 5 years, you can ask your child to collect several geometric shapes from a heap of mixed parts or offer him the Nikitins' game "Fold the square".
You can also make cut pictures on any topic in the form of geometric shapes or cut the picture only into squares, rectangles or triangles.
Creativity with geometric shapes
We build our geometric shapes. Offer your child several geometric shapes (for example, a rectangle, square and triangle) and ask them to assemble your own from them. If the baby is at a loss for himself, pick a name for the resulting figure together. Attaching a magnetic tape to the back of the geometric shapes will help your little one play this game on the refrigerator while you are busy preparing dinner.
Valentina Shchadnova
I want to introduce you to the games,
which we play
with kids.
We have made two sets in our group geometric shapes... One set is cut from cardboard
and covered with ordinary enamel. Another set
the smaller one is made of colored cardboard. Two sets
games bought in the store.
behold games collected from various literature,
some games
i came up with it myself.
"Who has what figure"
goal: Form the ability to compare figures, develop observation skills.
Stroke games: The teacher distributes to the children one by one geom. figure(so that other children do not see which friend's figureThen they take turns describing their Mr. figure... If the children guessed it, it shows; if not, it tries to describe it again.
"Let's specify the color"
goal: Exercise children to distinguish colors. Exercise in aligning adjectives with nouns.
Stroke games: Conducted similarly to the previous game, only children try to describe the color geometric shapes(I have a circle of dandelion color, etc.)
"Find a pair"
goal: Exercise children in the selection geometer. figures differing from each other in color (size).
Stroke games: Sets are scattered on the carpet geom. figures... The teacher shows a large red circle, the children find a pair for him.
"Let's build a pyramid"
goal: To form the ability to build a pyramid according to the description of an adult.
Stroke games: Let's build a pyramid with you. At the bottom, the largest circle will be red, the next smaller circle will be blue, an even smaller circle will be green, and. etc.
"Make a pattern"
goal: Development of auditory attention.
Stroke games: An adult dictates to a child where is what geom. the figure should be(Put a large green circle, put a red oval on the right, a blue oval on the left, put a white oval up, put a yellow oval down)
"Remember the pattern"
goal: Development of visual memory
Stroke games: Now the teacher lays out the pattern himself, gives the child time to remember it. Then he removes it. The child must make a pattern from memory.
" What changed?
goal: Teaching memorization skills.
Stroke games: Carried out in the same way, only when the child closes his eyes, the adult changes one of the figures.
"Finish figure"
goal: Development of the integrity of perception.
Stroke games: The adult starts painting geom. figure, baby continues
"What did the artist forget to draw?"
goal: To develop observation, the ability to use your vulgar experience and knowledge in perception.
Stroke games: An adult shows a child a drawing geom. figureswhere there is no corner or any of the sides. The child completes the drawing.
"The fourth extra"
goal: Develop the ability to classify objects according to essential characteristics and generalize.
Stroke games: An adult lays out three red squares and one blue. The child determines what is superfluous.
goal: Develop observation, orientation to the form.
Stroke games: An adult shows a circle, a child needs to bring three round objects in about one minute.
Exercises and games for development perception:
"Shifters" - Turn a circle, triangle, square into any drawing.
"Know the form" - Learn the form in the surrounding objects geometric shapes.
"Fold the picture"
Make up of figures picture.
" Find out figure"- An adult draws with a dotted line geom. figure... The child must name her.
Card file number 2
Entertaining game exercises for
familiarization with geometric shapes
Prepared by: Gevorkyan Svetlana Grigorievna
Second junior group
"Find an object"
Goal: learn to compare the shapes of objects with geometric patterns.
Material. Geometric shapes (circle, square, triangle, rectangle, oval).
Content: Children stand in a semicircle. In the center there are two tables: on one - geometric shapes, on the second - objects. The teacher tells the rules of the game: “We will play like this: to whom the hoop rolls up, he will come to the table and find an object of the same shape that I will show. The child, to whom the hoop rolled up, comes out, the teacher shows a circle and suggests finding an object of the same shape. The found object rises high, if it is selected correctly, children clap their hands. The adult then rolls the hoop to the next child and suggests a different shape. The game continues until all items are matched to samples.
"Pick a figure"
Goal: consolidate children's ideas about geometric shapes, exercise in their naming.
Material. Demonstration: circle, square, triangle, oval, rectangle cut from cardboard. Handout: cards with 5 geometric lotto contours.
Content: The teacher shows the figures to the children, traces each one with his finger. Gives an assignment to the children: “You have cards on your tables with figures of different shapes drawn, and the same figures on trays. Place all the figures on the cards so that they are hidden. " Asks the children to trace each shape on the tray, and then superimposes (“hide”) it on the drawn shape.
"Playing with a hoop"
Goal: distinguishing and finding geometric shapes.
Content: For the game, 4-5 story toys are used (doll, nesting dolls, basket, etc.); differing in size, color, shape. The toy is placed in a hoop. Children highlight the features characteristic of a toy, put in the hoop those geometric figures that have a similar feature (all red, all large, all round, etc.) .d.)
"Geometric Lotto"
Goal: teach children to compare the shape of the depicted object with a geometric figure to select objects according to a geometric pattern.
Material. 5 cards depicting geometric shapes: 1 circle, square, triangle, rectangle, oval. 5 cards each with the image of objects of different shapes: round (tennis ball, apple, ball, soccer ball, balloon), square rug, handkerchief, cube, etc .; oval (melon, plum, leaf, beetle, egg); rectangular (envelope, briefcase, book, dominoes, picture).
"What are the shapes"
Goal: to introduce children to new shapes: oval, rectangle, triangle, paired with already familiar ones: square-triangle, square-rectangle, circle-oval.
Material. Doll. Demonstration: large cardboard figures: square, triangle, rectangle, oval, circle. Handout: 2 smaller pieces of each shape.
Content: The doll brings figures. The teacher shows the children a square and a triangle, asks what the first figure is called. Having received the answer, he says that he has a triangle in his other hand. An examination is carried out by tracing the contour with a finger. Fixes the attention that a triangle has only three corners. Asks the children to pick up triangles and put them together. Similarly: a square with a rectangle, an oval with a circle.
"To whom what form"
Option 1.
Goal: teach children to group geometric shapes (ovals, circles) by shape, distracting from color, size.
Material. Big bear and matryoshka. Handout: three circles and an oval of different colors and sizes, 2 large trays for each child.
Content : The teacher demonstrates a circle and an oval, asks the children to remember the names of these figures, to show how they differ from each other, to trace the contours with their fingers. "And now put all the circles on one tray - the matryoshka, all the ovals on the other - the bear." The teacher observes how the children perform the task, in case of difficulty, invites the child to circle the figure with his finger and say what it is called. At the end of the lesson he summarizes: “Today we have learned to distinguish circles from ovals. The bear will take all the ovals to the forest, and the matryoshka will take the circles home. "
Option 2.
Goal: teach children to group geometric shapes (squares,
rectangles, triangles) in shape, apart from color and size.
Content is similar to option 1.
"Let's decorate the rug"
Goal: to form the ability to group objects according to given criteria, to determine the number of objects.
Material. There are two square rugs on the floor, each lined with 25 equal squares. The top row of each square shows geometric shapes of different colors, a circle, a triangle, a square. Each of the children has three different geometric shapes.
Content: The teacher says: “This is a rug. Let's decorate it together. Shapes of the same shape and color will be placed one below the other. What figure do we put in this cell? (Points to an empty cell in the left column). After completing the work, the children with the teacher examine the decorated rug, note the uniformity of the figures in the columns (color, shapes). The teacher clarifies: “What are the figures in the left column? (Red triangles). And in the right? (Green squares) ". Etc. Then the children decorate the second rug, thus showing greater independence. The teacher asks questions about the number, color, shape of the figures, leads the children to the conclusion: “All the figures in the left column are triangles. Therefore, Vova placed the circle incorrectly. "
"Make up the subject"
Goal: exercise in drawing up the silhouette of an object from separate parts (geometric shapes).
Equipment. On the table are large toys: a house, a tumbler, a snowman, a tree, a truck. There are sets of different geometric shapes on the floor.
Content: The teacher proposes to name the toys on his desk and compose any of them using a set of geometric shapes. Encourages and stimulates children's actions. Asks: “What did you compose? What geometric shapes? " Children look at the resulting silhouettes of toys, remember the corresponding poems, riddles. It is possible to combine the composed silhouettes into a single plot: "House in the Forest", "Winter Walk", "Street", etc.
"Lotto"
Goal: to learn to isolate the contour of an object, to correlate the volumetric shape with a plane one, to recognize objects in a drawing, to know their names.
Equipment. Cards with the image of three monochrome shapes (for example, on one - a circle, square, triangle; on the other - a circle, oval, square; on the third - a square, rectangle, triangle, etc.), a set of cards with an image of one shape for imposition on large cards.
Content: The teacher gives each child a large card, and he takes small cards for himself, having previously arranged them in forms. Raises one card, for example: a circle, and asks: "Who has this?" (the form is not named). Those who have a circle on the cards raise their hands and the teacher gives them small cards with circles, while checking the correctness of the choice: "Well done, I have a circle and you have a circle." Children put small cards over the corresponding image. Then, he moves to the next form and raises, for example: a trapezoid. However, when assessing the children's answer, he does not name this form, since the children are not introduced to its name, but simply notes that the children did the right thing.
As they master the game, the children are given two and then three cards. The choice is made not from 3, but from 6-9 forms. In the future, the role of the leader may be a child, the teacher sits down among the children and takes a big map for himself.
"Where is the bunny going?"
Goal: To consolidate knowledge of the name of the forms provided by the program, to select forms by its name, to consistently move the object along the intended path.
Equipment. Three small cubes, on the faces are images of geometric shapes (on one - triangles and circles; on the other - triangles, ovals, circles and rectangles; on the third - a circle, oval, rectangle, square, triangle, hexagon), three cardboard sheets with the image path diagrams, where geometric shapes, a bunny figurine (bears, dogs, etc.) serve as landmarks.
Content: 1st sheet ... Below is the starting point of the movement, from which two paths depart to the right and left. At an equal distance from the starting point, there are landmarks, on one side - a circle, on the other - a triangle. At the next point, the landmarks change: where the triangle was, it becomes a circle, and vice versa. These landmarks are located near the final destination. At the end of one path, there is an image of a kindergarten, another - an image of a hare's hut.
2nd sheet ... The image is built according to the same type, but in one place each path line is bifurcated. Thus, at the end of the path, there are no longer two destinations, but four: a kindergarten, a Zaykina hut, a tree, a herringbone.
3rd sheet ... The path is the same as on the second sheet, but all six shapes are used as landmarks.
As they master the game, when children learn to consistently follow the path along the landmarks and correctly correlate the shape on the game cube with the shape on the sheet, you can make a new cube by sticking other shapes on it, for example, a trapezoid. You can change the image on the sheet - make three tracks, etc.
The teacher plays with the children. He shows the 1st sheet and says: “The bunny can be taken to the house or to the kindergarten. He will walk to the house along this path. Look carefully! There are shapes on it: first, this is a circle, then a triangle. The bunny will go to kindergarten along this path. First there is a triangle, then a circle. If the bunny comes home, he will play the tambourine, and if he goes to kindergarten, he will dance with the children. This cube will show us the way. " The teacher throws a dice, looks at the shape above, and lets the children see it. Places the bunny figurine at the beginning of the path and leads it to the shape that fell on the die. If this is a circle - it leads to the left, leads along the path, paying attention to the fact that you need to look for a nearby shape, you cannot jump. Then he rolls the die a second time. If the circle falls out again, the bunny will have to stand still. And if a triangle falls out, it continues its path and goes along the path to the house. Bunny rejoices, thanks, takes a tambourine, plays. In the event that the bunny goes to kindergarten, he invites all the children to dance with him. When the game is played again, the child acts as a figurine. The teacher monitors the correct choice of forms, compliance with the direction of movement.
Games are conducted similarly using the 2nd, 3rd sheet. Moreover, other game cubes are already used.
Middle group
"Lotto"
Goal: mastering the skills to highlight various forms.
Material: cards depicting geometric shapes.
Content: Children are given cards with 3 geometric shapes of different colors and shapes in a row. Cards differ in the arrangement of geometric shapes, their combination in color. Children are presented with the corresponding geometric shapes one by one. The child, on whose card there is a presented figure, takes it and puts it on his card so that the figure coincides with the one drawn. Children tell in what order the figures are arranged.
"Name a geometric figure"
Goal. Learn to visually inspect, recognize and correctly name plane geometric shapes (circle, square, triangle, rectangle, oval).
Material. Tables with geometric shapes. On each table there are contour images of two or three figures in different positions and combinations.
"Find an object of the same shape"
"Compare and fill in"
goal : Consolidation of ideas about geometric shapes, the ability to compare and compare two groups of shapes, to find distinctive features.
Material. Geometric shapes (circles, squares, triangles) of four colors, tables, with the image of colored geometric shapes.
"Fix the Blanket"
Goal: Acquaintance with geometric shapes. Composing geometric shapes from data.
Material. Geometric figures.
Once upon a time there was Buratino, who had a beautiful red blanket on his bed. Once Buratino went to the theater of Karabas-Barabas, and Shushar's rat gnawed holes in the blanket at that time. Help Buratino fix the blanket.
"Geometric Lotto"
Goal:
Material. Cards depicting geometric shapes in a row (different selection of shapes), sets of geometric shapes of the same size (six colors.)
"Put it in boxes"
Goal: Consolidation of ideas about geometric shapes.
Material. Boxes depicting geometric shapes, cards depicting geometric shapes.
"Find a Pair"
"Find your house"
“There are circles in this house,” the teacher says, in this one there are squares, and in this one there are triangles. When all the children find their houses, they are invited to "take a walk": run around the group. At the signal of the teacher, the children find their house, comparing their geometric figure with the one in the house. The game is repeated several times, with the teacher changing the houses each time.
"Find and name"
Goal: Strengthen the ability to quickly find a geometric shape of a certain size and color.
"Help Cheburashka find and fix the mistake"
Content: The child is invited to consider how the geometric shapes are located, in which groups and on what basis they are combined, to notice the error, correct and explain. The answer is addressed to Cheburashka (or another toy that you use). The error may consist in the fact that there may be a triangle in the group of squares, and a green one in the red group.
"Make a Geometric Shape"
Goal:
Make a triangle;
Make a square;
Make a circle of threads, etc.
"What figure is gone"
Goal: Consolidation of ideas about geometric shapes, development of attention, memory, thinking.
"What changed"
Goal: Consolidation of ideas about geometric shapes, development of attention, memory, thinking.
Content: On the table in front of the child are cards with the image of geometric shapes. The child examines them carefully. Then the child is asked to close his eyes, the teacher hides one card, and instead puts another card with the image of another geometric figure. After the conventional sign, the child opens his eyes and says what has changed.
"What figures are they composed of?"
Goal: Consolidation of ideas about geometric shapes, development of attention, imagination, memory, thinking.
"Draw the same shape"
"Geometric board"
Goal: Teach children to recognize and name geometric shapes.
"Wonderful bag"
"Decorate the napkin"
Mobile - didactic games.
"Find your place"
Goal:
Content: Children are given various geometric shapes, and cards depicting these figures are placed on chairs in a row. Everyone disperses in the group, moving freely, running to the tambourine. At the set signal, children find their place, i.e. each sits on the chair where the card with the image of a geometric figure is a means to an end. The game can get harder.
"Garages"
Goal: Ability to distinguish geometric shapes and correlate them, finding the same; to develop quickness of action, ingenuity, attention.
Content: Children depict cars, each has its own "number" - a circle, a square, a triangle. At different ends of the group there are garages, also indicated by a circle, square, triangle, larger than that of children. Cars can only enter their garage, i.e. to the one that corresponds to the car number. So, the rules of the game can be followed well only by those who know how to distinguish and compare geometric shapes. Children, holding their license plates in front of them like a steering wheel, drive around the room.
Senior group
"Pick a figure"
Goal: to consolidate the ability to distinguish between geometric shapes: rectangle, triangle, square, circle, oval.
Material: Each child has cards on which a rectangle, square and triangle are drawn, color and shape vary.
Content: First, the teacher suggests drawing a finger around the figures drawn on the cards. Then he presents a table on which the same figures are drawn, but of a different color and size than those of the children, and, pointing to one of the figures, says: "I have a big yellow triangle, do you?" And so on. Calls 2-3 children, asks them to name the color and size (large, small of his figure of this type). "I have a small blue square."
"Name your bus"
Goal: exercise in distinguishing between a circle, a square, a rectangle, a triangle, find figures of the same shape, differing in color and size,
Content: The teacher places 4 chairs at some distance from each other, to which are attached models of a triangle, rectangle, etc. (bus brands). Children get on the buses (they stand in 3 columns behind chairs; the teacher-conductor gives them tickets. Each ticket has the same figure as on the bus. At the signal: "Stop!" The children go for a walk, and the teacher changes the models. On the bus "children find their bus and stand one after the other. The game is repeated 2-3 times.
"Collect the figure"
Goal: learn to count objects that form a figure.
Content: The teacher invites the children to move a plate with chopsticks to themselves and asks: “What color are the chopsticks? A piece of sticks of each color? Suggests to arrange sticks of each color so that different shapes are obtained. After completing the assignment, the children count the sticks again. Find out how many sticks went to each piece. The teacher draws attention to the fact that the sticks are located in different ways, but they are evenly distributed - 4 "How to prove that there are equal parts of the sticks?" Children lay out the sticks in rows one below the other.
"Why isn't the oval rolling?"
Goal: introduce children to an oval-shaped figure, learn to distinguish between a circle and an oval-shaped figure
Content: Models of geometric shapes are placed on the flannelgraph: a circle, a square, a rectangle, a triangle. First, one child, called to the flannelegraph, calls the figures, and then, all the children do it together. The child is asked to show the circle. Question: "What is the difference between the circle and other figures?" The child traces the circle with his finger, tries to roll it. The teacher summarizes the children's answers: the circle has no corners, while the rest of the figures have corners. 2 circles and 2 oval-shaped figures of different colors and sizes are placed on the flannelgraph. “Look at these figures. Are there circles among them? One of the children is asked to show circles. The attention of children is drawn to the fact that on the flannelgraph there are not only circles, but also other figures. , similar to a circle. It is an oval shape. The teacher teaches to distinguish them from circles; asks: “How are oval-shaped figures similar to circles? (Oval shapes also have no corners.) The child is offered to show a circle, an oval-shaped figure. It turns out that the circle is rolling, but the figure is not oval. (Why?) Then they find out how the oval figure differs from the circle? (an elongated oval figure). Compare by applying and overlaying a circle over an oval.
"Where is the figure?"
Goal: teach correctly, name the figures and their spatial arrangement: in the middle, above, below, left, right; remember the location of the figures.
Content: The teacher explains the task: “Today we will learn to remember where which figure is. To do this, they must be named in order: first the figure located in the center (in the middle), then at the top, bottom, left, right. " Summons one child. He shows and names the figures in order, their location. Another child is offered to lay out the figures as he wants, to name their location. Then the child turns his back to the flannelgraph, and the teacher changes the figures located on the left and right. The child turns and guesses what has changed. Then all the children name the figures and close their eyes. The teacher swaps the places of the figure. Opening their eyes, children guess what has changed.
"Who will find it faster?"
Goal: exercise in correlating objects in shape with geometric patterns and in generalizing objects in shape.
Content: Children are invited to sit at tables. One child is asked to name the figures on the stand. The teacher says: "Now we are going to play the game" Who will find it faster. " I will name one person at a time, and say what item to find. The winner is the one who first finds the object, places it next to a figure of the same shape. " Calls 4 children at once. Children name the chosen object and describe its shape. The teacher asks questions: “How did you guess that the mirror is round? Oval? " etc.
In conclusion, asks the questions: What is next to the circle? (square, etc.). How many items are there? What shape are these items? How are they all alike? How many are there?
"Unfinished Pictures"
Goal: to acquaint children with the varieties of geometric shapes of rounded shapes.
Material. For each child, a piece of paper with unfinished images (1-10 items). To complete them, you need to pick up round or oval elements. (1-10) paper circles and ovals of appropriate sizes and proportions. Glue, brush, cloth.
"Unfinished Pictures"
Goal: to acquaint children with varieties of round geometric shapes of different sizes.
Option number 2.
"Fixing the blanket"
Goal: continue to introduce geometric shapes. Drawing up geometric shapes from these parts.
Content: Use the shapes to close the white "holes". The game can be built in the form of a story. “Once upon a time there was Buratino, who had a beautiful red blanket on his bed. Once Buratino went to the theater of Karabas-Barabas, and Shusher's rat at that time gnawed holes in the blanket. Count how many holes the rat gnawed? Now take the figures and help Pinocchio fix the blanket. "
"Traveling around the room"
Goal: learn to find objects of different shapes.
Content: Children are shown a picture of a room with various objects. The teacher begins the story: “Once Carlson flew to the boy:“ Oh, what a beautiful room, ”he exclaimed. - How many interesting things are there! I've never seen anything like this. " “Let me show you everything and tell you everything,” the boy replied and took Carlson around the room. “This is the table,” he began. "What shape is it?" - Carlson immediately asked. Then the boy began to tell in great detail everything about every thing. And now try, just like that boy, to tell Carlson everything, everything about this room and the objects that are in it.
"Workshop of forms"
Goal: teach children to reproduce varieties of geometric shapes.
Material. Each child has headless matches (sticks), painted in a bright color, several pieces of thread or wire, three or four sheets of paper.
"Make a figure"
Goal: exercise in grouping geometric shapes by color, size.
Content: At the teacher's request, the children take out the figures from the envelope, lay them out in front of them and answer the questions: “What are your figures? What color are they? Is it the same size? How can you group the shapes, find the right ones? (by color, shape, size). Make a group of red, blue, yellow shapes. After the children complete the task, the teacher asks: “What are the groups? What color are they? What shape were the figures in the first group? What figures is the second group composed of? How many are there? How many figures of different shapes are in the third group? Name them! How many figures are yellow? " Next, he proposes to mix all the figures and expand them in shape (size).
"Find by touch"
Goal: teach children to compare the results of visual tactile examination of the shape of the object.
Content : The lesson is held simultaneously with 2-4 children. The child places his hand on the table with a pouch tightened around his wrist. The teacher puts one item on the table, - the child, looking at the sample, finds the same item in the bag by touch. If he is mistaken, he is offered to carefully consider the subject and give a verbal description. After that, the child again looks for a different object by touch. The repetition of the game depends on the degree to which children have mastered the examination method.
"Fold the figure"
Goal: exercise in drawing up models of familiar geometric shapes.
Content: The teacher places models of geometric figures on a flannelegraph, calls the child and invites him to show all the figures and name them. Explains the task: "Each of you has the same geometric shapes, but they are cut into 2, 4 parts, if you correctly attach them to each other, you get a whole figure." After completing the task, the children tell how many parts they made up the next figure.
"Compare and Remember"
Goal: teach to carry out visual-mental analysis of the way the figures are located; consolidation of ideas about geometric shapes.
Material. Set of geometric shapes.
Content: Each of the players must carefully examine his plate with the image of geometric figures, find a pattern in their arrangement, then fill in the empty cells with question marks, putting the desired figure in them. The winner is the one who correctly and quickly copes with the task. The game can be repeated by arranging the shapes and question marks differently.
Example of game material
"Find a matching picture"
Goal: learn to recognize a pattern made up of geometric shapes by description.
The teacher describes the first card himself. During the game, he appoints several leaders.
"Constructor"
Goal: the formation of the ability to decompose a complex figure into those that we have. Workout for a count of ten.
Material. Multi-colored figures.
Took a triangle and a square
He built a house out of them. And I am very happy about that:
Now the gnome lives there.
Square, rectangle, circle,
Another rectangle and two circles ...
And my friend will be very happy:
I built the car for a friend.
I took three triangles
And a needle stick.
I put them down lightly.
And suddenly I got a Christmas tree
Example of laid out figures
"Fill in empty cells"
Goal: consolidating the idea of \u200b\u200bgeometric shapes, the ability to compose, and compare 2 gr. figures, find distinguishing features.
Example of game material
Preparatory group
"Pick a figure"
Goal: exercise in comparing the shape of the objects depicted in the paintings with geometric shapes.
Material. A stand on which models of geometric shapes are placed, pictures on which objects consisting of several parts are drawn.
"Fold from sticks"
Goal: exercise in composing geometric shapes from sticks.
Material: counting sticks for each child.
"Fold the figure"
Goal: make models of familiar geometric shapes from parts according to the sample.
Material. Flannelegraph, models of geometric shapes.
Content: The teacher will place the model of geometric figures on the flannelegraph, call the child, ask him to show and name the figures. Explains the task: “Each of you has the same geometrical figures, but they are cut into 2 or 4 equal parts; if they are correctly applied to each other, then whole figures are obtained. " While completing the task, the children tell how much they made up the figure from.
"Who will see more"
Goal: consolidation of knowledge about geometric shapes.
Material. Flannelegraph, geometric shapes.
Content: Various geometric shapes are placed in random order on the flannelgraph. Preschoolers examine and remember them. The leader counts to three and closes the pieces. Children are invited to name as many geometric shapes as possible that were on the flannelgraph. The one who remembers and names more figures wins. Continuing the game, the host changes the number of pieces.
"How the figures are arranged"
Goal: teach children to place geometric shapes on a plane.
Material. 2 tables on which 1 figure is drawn in the middle and around it (top, bottom, right, left), one figure each, a sheet of paper, an envelope with models of geometric figures (circle, square, rectangle, triangle, oval).
Content: The teacher hangs out a table with geometric shapes and explains the task: “Look carefully at the table, remember how the shapes are located and place your shapes on the sheet in the same way. To remember everything well, you need to consider the table in the following order: first name the figure located in the middle, then above and below, right and left. Who wants to tell you how those figures are laid? After that, the teacher turns the table back to the children. After completing the task, the children tell how they placed the figures, check the result of their work with the sample, and correct mistakes. Similar assignments can be given.
"Where do which figures lie"
Goal: teach to classify figures by 2 properties.
Material. A set of figures.
"Compare and fill in"
Goal: teach to carry out visual-mental analysis of the way the figures are located.
Game material: a set of geometric shapes.
"Who will find it faster"
Goal: teach to compare the results of visual and tactile-motor examination of geometric figures.
Material. Models of geometric shapes are placed on the shelves of the stand. On 3 stripes - models of the same figures, but smaller. The trays are covered with napkins.
"Find your figure"
Goal: teach children to distinguish and correctly name geometric shapes, to choose shapes according to a visually perceived pattern.
Material. Cardboard box with cut holes in triangular, round, square, etc. shapes, geometrical figures matched according to the cuts on the box, envelopes with geometric shapes.
Content. The game consists in the fact that some children drop geometric shapes into the box (each in the corresponding slot), while others must select them from the box, focusing on the images in their envelopes. In this game, cognitive communication of children necessarily arises, due to which speech activity of children arises „children see each other's mistakes well:“ What are you taking? You have a triangle! " It is recommended to swap the groups of children in this game.
"Who will find the item faster?"
Goal: exercise in determining the shape of objects and in correlating the shape with a geometric pattern.
Material. Models of geometric shapes, objects of various shapes.
Content: The teacher places 2-3 models of geometric shapes on the shelves of the stand, places objects of different shapes on the table and addresses the children "Now we will play the game" Who will find the object of the specified shape faster "Who wants to name the figures that stand on the shelves? See what items are on my desk? Listen to how we play. I will call one person from each row, and say what shape the object needs to be found. The one who is the first to find a suitable item and place it next to the figure will receive a token. Game rules: if you took an item, you cannot replace it. At the end of the game, the teacher asks: “What objects are next to the triangle (square, etc.). How are they all alike? "
"Geometric mosaic"
Goal: learn to analyze the way the parts are arranged, to compose a figure, focusing on the sample.
Content: By organizing the game, the teacher takes care of uniting children into one team in accordance with the level of their skills and abilities. Teams receive tasks of varying difficulty: drawing up an image - an object from geometric shapes: working according to a ready-made dismembered sample, working according to an undivided sample, working according to conditions (assembling a human figure - a girl in a dress), working according to their own design (just a human). Each team receives the same set of geometric shapes. Children must independently agree on the methods of completing the assignment, on the procedure for work, and choose source material. Each player in the team takes turns participating in the transformation of a geometric figure, adding his own element, making up individual elements of an object from several figures. In conclusion, children analyze their figures, finding similarities and differences in solving a constructive idea.
"Find a matching picture"
Goal: orientation on the plane of the sheet; learn to describe the location of geometric shapes on cards.
Content: 4-6 cards are hung on the board, paired cards are laid out on the table with drawings down. The teacher explains the task: "Now we will play the game" Find a pair picture "The one whom I call will take one of the cards on this table, name which figures are drawn on it and where they are located. Then he will find the same card among those hanging on the board and place his own under it. " The teacher can call the children one by one, without waiting until the desired card is found.
"Choose a shape"
Goal: identify and draw a missing shape instead of a question mark.
Example task.
"Find the missing figure"
Goal: to form skills through analysis and synthesis, find the missing figure.
Example task
"Mongolian game"
Goal: to learn to correlate the form with the image of objects.
"Squares"
Goal: to clarify the idea that a square has 4 sides, 4 corners, all sides are equal.
Material. Plank, lined in a cage, large and small squares, 2 strips of paper equal in length to the large and small squares.
Content: The teacher says: “Today we will learn how to draw squares in squared notebooks. (Places on a flannelgraph, 2 squares). Let's compare the squares, how they are similar and how they differ. How do the squares differ? (One is large, the other is small). How are squares similar? (Each of them has 4 sides, 4 corners, all sides are equal). How can you prove that all sides of a square are equal? (Children check with a yardstick). After the teacher suggests drawing a square: “I step back from the top and from the left edge of the page in 2 cells, put a point, from it to the right I draw a line equal to the length of 2 cells, this will be the right side of the square. Draw a line downward, also equal to the length of 2 cells, this will be the upper side of the square ", etc. (Similarly, draws several squares in a line). Then he asks the children to draw squares with a side equal to 2 cells. Next, the children draw a large one under the small squares, which is equal to 4 cells. At the end of the lesson, the children compare the squares.
"Strip it right"
Goal: find rational ways of dividing geometric shapes.
Content: The teacher invites children to think about how narrow strips can be folded in different ways in order to divide them into 4 equal parts. After the children have separated, the teacher finds out which method is more convenient. Then he proposes to divide the square into 4 parts in different ways. In conclusion, together with the children, he makes a conclusion about how it is more convenient to divide a narrow strip and a square into 4 equal parts.
"Learning to draw circles"
Goal: learn to draw circles in squares.
Content : The teacher reminds them what figures they drew in the cells and says: “Today we will learn to draw circles. In order for the circle to turn out to be even, it is more convenient to draw it in a square. Look, I'll overlay a circle with a square. You see, the circle touches all sides of the square, and the corners remain free. " Then the children draw squares, the teacher shows on the board how to draw circles (draw circles in squares with a red pencil.).
"Multicolored figures"
Goal: develop the ability to classify an object by color, shape, size, combine into groups.
Content : Teacher: “Look at these figures, they need to be divided into groups according to different criteria. How do the figures differ from each other? (Color, shape, size). How many groups can the shapes be divided into? (For 2 groups: 5 red pieces, 5 green pieces). How many shape groups can the shapes be divided into? (For 3 groups: 3 squares, 5 circles, 2 triangles). How else can you split the shapes? (By the presence of corners: 5 figures - without corners, these are circles; 5 figures with corners are squares and triangles). On what basis have not the figures been divided yet? (To size). How many groups do you divide the shapes into by size? (For 2 groups: 8 small figures, 2 large).
"Fill in the square"
Goal: Arrangement of items according to various criteria.
Game material. A set of geometric shapes, different in color and shape.
Content: The first player places in the squares not indicated by numbers any geometric shapes, for example, a red square, a green circle, a yellow square. The second player must fill in the remaining cells of the square so that in the adjacent cells horizontally (right and left) and vertically (below and above) there are figures that differ in color and shape. You can change the original shapes. Players can also swap places (roles). The winner is the one who makes fewer mistakes when filling in the places (cells) of the square.
"What pieces are missing"
Goal: to train children in sequential analysis of each group of figures, highlighting and generalizing the features characteristic of the figures of each of the groups.
Material. Large geometric shapes (circle, triangle, square) and small (circle, triangle, square (three colors).
Content: Having distributed the tablets between the players, the teacher explains the task: each player must analyze the figures of the first row. Attention is drawn to the fact that in the rows there are large white figures, inside which there are small figures of three colors. Comparing the second row with the first, it is easy to see that it lacks a square with a red circle. The empty cell of the third row is filled in the same way. This row is missing a large triangle with a red square. The game can be diversified by placing figures and question marks in a different way in the table.
"How many geometric shapes are on our rug"
Goal: consolidate the skills of quantitative counting within 10, knowledge of geometric shapes.
An example of game material.
Work with any puzzles
"Mongolian Game", "Columbus Egg", "Magic Circle", etc.
In the process of working with puzzles, children form and improve their figurative thinking, combinatorial abilities, practical and mental actions. In addition, children develop volitional qualities: perseverance, purposefulness, volitional activity. The ability to give detailed educational statements of varying complexity is being improved. In the process of completing tasks with puzzles, the skills and abilities of children obtained in all previous classes are worked out (consolidated and improved).
An example of working with puzzles
Working with the geometric constructor
Option number 1.
Material: 8 isosceles triangles cut from double-sided cardboard in envelopes for each child; samples of silhouette figures of a crab and a butterfly; hourglass.
Tasks:
1) Think and mentally imagine what kind of geometric figure you get if you make two triangles. Compose it and tell us how you did it.
2) Compose the silhouette of the crab, focusing on the sample.
Instructions:
Consider the shape of a crab;
Think about how many triangles the torso is made of, how they are located;
Think about how a crab claw is made. Compare with the sample;
In 2 minutes, carefully compose a crab shape;
3) Compose the silhouette of a butterfly, focusing on the sample. (The task is carried out by analogy with the previous one.)
4) Compare the silhouette of a crab and the silhouette of a butterfly. How are they similar? What is the difference? Prove (extended connected statement).
Butterfly. Crab.
Option number 2.
Material: envelopes with eight isosceles triangles for each child; samples of silhouette figures of a dog and a chanterelle; hourglass.
Tasks:
1) Think and mentally imagine how to make a quadrangle out of two triangles? Make it up and tell me how to do it.
2) Compose the silhouette of the puppy using the reference.
Instructions:
Consider the figure of the puppy;
Think how many triangles the head is made of, how they are located;
Think about how the puppy's torso is made, compare with the sample;
In 2 minutes, carefully compose the figure of the puppy;
Tell us how you completed the assignment.
3) Compose a silhouette of a chanterelle, focusing on the sample.
4) Please compare the silhouette of a puppy and the silhouette of a fox. How are they similar, how are they different? Prove (extended connected statement).
5) Make whatever you want from the set of triangles. Tell us about your work.
Dog and chanterelle.
Option number 3.
Material: envelopes with eight isosceles triangles for each child; samples of silhouette figures of an airplane and a steamer; hourglass
Tasks:
1) Instruction:
Consider the figure of the helicopter;
Think about how many triangles the cockpit is made of, how they are located;
Think about how the blades of the helicopter are made, compare with the sample;
In 2 minutes, carefully compose the shape of the helicopter;
Tell us how you made the shape.
2) Create a silhouette figure of the teapot, focusing on the sample.
Instruction: the task is performed by analogy with the previous one.
3) Compare the silhouettes of the helicopter and the kettle. How are they similar and how are they different? Prove (extended connected statement).
4) Make whatever you want from this set of triangles, and I will mark who, in what time, accurately and creatively completed the work.
Helicopter and kettle.
Option number 4.
Material: envelopes with eight isosceles triangles for each child; samples of silhouette figures of an airplane and a steamer; hourglass.
Tasks:
1) Think and mentally imagine what kind of geometric figure will be obtained from five triangles. Make it up and tell us how you can do it.
2) Compose an airplane silhouette based on the sample.
Instructions:
Consider the shape of the plane;
Think about how many triangles the fuselage is made of, how they are located;
Think about how the wings are made. Compare with the sample;
In 2 minutes, carefully compose the shape of the plane;
Tell us how you compiled it.
3) Compose the silhouette of the steamer, focusing on the sample.
"Fold out of matches"
Goal: teach purposeful search actions, develop ingenuity.
Material: sets of matches (without sulfur) for each child, blackboard, chalk, hourglass.
Option number 1.
Task 1. Make 2 equal squares from 7 matches. Tell us about the course of your actions.
Task 2. Make a house according to this model (drawn on the board). Instructions:
Look at the board, count how many matches you need to build this house;
How many matches do you need to add or remove from the number that you had on the table?
Tell us how you did your job, proving the correctness of the assignment.
Task 3. Make a flag from the house (transfiguration). Instructions:
Arrange two matches so that you get a flag;
Explain how you did it; teach a friend if he fails.
Task 4. Look at the board, count how many matches you need to remove or add from those that are in front of you on the table. Make a TV, compare with a sample. Tell us how you did it, help a friend. If the children cope with the task efficiently and quickly, they are offered to compose any figure of their own free will from a certain number of matches. In this case, a detailed statement is required about what was conceived and how the task was carried out.
Option number 2.
Task 1. Lay out a watch from matches according to the pattern.
Instructions:
Look at the blackboard;
Count how many matches are needed to lay out this clock (10 matches + 2 on the hands).
What time does the clock show?
Task 2. Lay out an umbrella from the matches according to the pattern.
Instructions:
Count how many matches are needed to make such an umbrella;
Put the umbrella on the desk (choose matches from the box one by one);
Do the job neatly to make it beautiful.
Task 3. Make 3 equal triangles from the umbrella (transfiguration).
Instructions:
Arrange 2 matches so that you get 3 equal triangles;
From 7 matches, make 3 equal triangles, arranged in a different way.
Task 4. Make any shape (object) of 10 matches - of your choice.
Option number 3.
Task 1. Make a steamer out of matches according to the model.
Instructions:
Count how many matches are needed to lay out the top line of the steamer, the bottom line of the steamer, side lines, pipe;
Lay out the steamer, compare it to the sample.
Assignment 2. a) Lay out the deer from the matches according to the pattern. Instructions:
Look at the board, determine what is drawn;
Count how many matches are needed to lay out the body, head, legs, tail, antlers of a deer;
Set aside the required number of matches;
Lay out the deer, compare with the sample.
b) Move 2 matches so that the deer is facing the other side.
Task 3. Think about what you can do from this number of matches, and lay out any shape.
Option number 4.
Task 1. Laying out butterflies from matches according to the pattern.
Instructions:
Look closely at the board, determine what is drawn on it;
Count how many matches you need to lay out the upper wings, lower wings, antennae;
Set aside the required number of matches;
Lay out the butterfly, compare it to the sample.
Task 2. Laying out a shape from matches that looks like a key. Instructions:
Look at the board, count how many matches you need to lay out a figure that looks like a key; lay out the figure; compare it with the sample;
Arrange four matches to make 3 squares.
Task 3. Lay out a portrait of yourself, your friend or a fairy-tale character from any number of matches. Tell us what the mood of the depicted face is.
On the trail of completing the assignment, children give a detailed verbal report on their plan and ways of its implementation.