The dwarf trees, usually only 1.5 to 2.1 m tall, are true toe boys when compared to their common cousins \u200b\u200breaching 10 m and up. In the hot season for the gardener, this means the following: it is much easier for them to prepare the soil, plant, fertilize and mulch. In each of these operations, there is much less land area, substances and trees themselves that need to be maintained and attended to. Dwarf fruit trees usually begin to bear fruit much faster than ordinary varieties, most by the second year.
Ordinary trees take ten years to begin bearing fruit, and usually at least five years. Dwarf apples, pears, peaches, plums, nectarines, apricots and cherries begin to yield within a couple of years, bearing full fruit by the third year.
Fruits of dwarf varieties are the same size as standard varieties. These trees can be cared for individually without much difficulty, and the fruits they produce are often larger, of better quality, color and flavor. In addition to all this, it is obvious that it is easier to harvest from them and there is less loss or damage from fallen fruits.
After all, dwarf trees produce faster and more fruit in areas of any size than any other. There are three common types of dwarf trees:
- trees grafted onto dwarf rootstock roots;
- those with dwarf intercalated rootstocks;
- true dwarf varieties.
Dwarf rootstock root... Most of the low-growing apple, peach and other fruit trees that originated in the northwest, Dr. Northhan said, are produced by grafting the desired variety onto the rootstock. Root stocks, in fact, are old semi-wild apple varieties from Europe that have been selected and classified by horticultural specialists from the East Mulling Research Station in the UK as dwarf trees.
They are ideal for a backyard orchard where only 4.5 to 5.4 meters of space is needed between them. Semi-dwarf trees do not need artificial support, except in extremely windy areas.
Dwarf intercalated rootstock... The growth of the dwarf interstitial rootstock is controlled by a weak root system. In order to achieve better acceleration in the ground and greater wind resistance, dwarf interstitial rootstocks were invented. A strong, well-fixed rootstock root was used. The desired variety is inoculated or grafted to a dwarf intercalated rootstock somewhere 10-36 cm above the original junction of the grafted parts.
The degree of growth regulation depends on the type and length of the rootstock. The bulge of the rootstock is a common trademark for this tree species. Double grafting is necessary in order to produce interstitial rootstock trees with higher production costs coverage.
True dwarf varieties... Several cases of genetic dwarfism have been found in desired varieties of fruit trees. The Delkon apple tree, which bears a resemblance to the Delicios, is originally a polycarlik variety, that is, with a small tree size, apples retain a standard size. Several varieties of dwarf and semi-dwarf red sour cherry and common cherry have been bred recently, including varieties such as Dwarf Rig, Meteor and North Star.
In recent years, dwarf trees have received unprecedented recognition, and now they are widely used not only in farm gardening, but also in private summer cottages. The reason for this is a number of advantages, due to which low-growing gardens have special agricultural techniques and can give a good harvest.
Thanks to a careful study of the pros and cons of dwarf gardens, you can easily determine how such plantings are suitable for your site and fit your personal requirements.
Benefits of dwarf gardens
We will start, as usual, with the positive aspects, thanks to which such green areas have gained some popularity around the world:
- Early entry into fruiting. This is a very important indicator, both for industrial and private gardening, because we plant fruit crops on the site not for beauty, but for a bountiful harvest. So, an ordinary fruit tree begins to bear fruit 5-6 years after planting. For more than ten years, it has been increasing and stabilizing the yield, and only by the age of 17-18 years of life, it begins to give a constantly plentiful harvest, that is, the time of full fruiting begins. In dwarf pears and apple trees, the situation is slightly different. Their first fruiting occurs 3-4 years after planting, but they can begin to give a full harvest in 8-10 years. Simple mathematics helps to calculate that dwarf trees begin to give full harvest almost 10 years earlier;
- Simple plant care... Standard fruit trees reach a height of 7-9 meters and a crown width of 5-8 meters. If we take some special varieties, then these figures may increase slightly. This is the main reason, because at the level of human growth there is only a small part of the crown, and its main part is much higher, respectively, it is very difficult to harvest, cut or process a tree at that height, and for this you have to use a special tool or even equipment. If we consider dwarf trees, then there are no such problems. The entire complex of care can be provided directly from the ground, since the height of such apple and pear trees is, on average, about 2.5 m. Harvesting, cutting off unnecessary shoots, and spraying will be much easier;
- Bonsai feeding area - another rather significant advantage over tall ones. The calculation here is also very simple. In a tall tree, this area can reach 40-48 m2, in some varieties, and more. If you take dwarf trees, for example, apple trees, grafted on paradis, then you can feel a significant difference in the food area, because it is only 8-9 m2. The conclusion suggests itself: on the area of \u200b\u200ba standard tall fruit plant, 4-6 dwarf plants can be grown;
- Yield - the most significant advantage, on which you can rely on when choosing. Professional gardeners, breeders and agronomists have repeatedly proved the fact that the yield of dwarf crops is much higher than the yield of tall fruit trees. It is worth noting the quality of the fruit, which grows larger and closer to standards.
This list of benefits allows us to draw some conclusions that work exclusively towards low-growing gardens.
Dwarf trees can be grown as stand-alone plants, or as compactors among tall fruit crops.
If you mix planting, this will not affect the quality of fruits of various varieties and types of fruit trees, but on the contrary, you will be able to grow much more individual varieties of fruits on a plot of the same area, and consistently receive high-quality fruit products from them.
Dwarf conifers in the garden (video)
Disadvantages of stunted trees
Unfortunately, there are a number of disadvantages when growing a dwarf garden:
- Serious upfront costs. Naturally, when planting it, much more planting material is required than when laying an ordinary orchard, and this increases the initial costs several times, which can shake the budget;
- Life span of plants. Dwarf and semi-dwarf varieties on rootstocks live much less than vigorous fruit trees, and you should take this fact into account when planting single specimens in the country or when laying an industrial-scale garden;
- Support costs. Many dwarf varieties of fruit trees have a shallow root system, and therefore trees can be particularly affected by hurricane winds, erosion, or even during a high harvest, when there are a lot of fruits on the branches and a small tree may simply fall on its side under their total weight. For this reason, experts recommend installing supports, preferably under each individual tree, since it is almost impossible to predict which plant can roll or fall;
- Loss and variety changes. With an incorrect or simply deep planting, dwarf trees can lose their properties and completely go to the roots of the scion;
- Care. We have already said that caring for such a garden is much easier than for rich plantings of vigorous fruit trees, but it is worth noting the fact that grooming procedures should be performed much more often, which also brings negative adjustments to the gardener's regime and schedule. And this is watering, and pruning, and fertilization;
- Weakness of some varieties... There are a certain number of varieties of dwarf trees that do not tolerate severe frosts, so you need to seriously think about the correct choice of planting material or constant wrapping and covering of vegetation from frost;
- Need for frequent pruning... This is not a whim for the formation of the crown or the original appearance of the garden, but a natural requirement for a miniature green space. All the trees in it, in particular those grafted on the paradise, require constant pruning. This will save your crop from chopping and losing its presentation, and the garden itself from breaking branches.
As you can see, there are many shortcomings in the dwarf garden, but here it is worth knowing that many of them are fixable. And, if so, then before laying the garden, you will only need to correctly determine the planting material, and also clearly follow all the requirements for planting.
Reviews and comments
Sergey 03/26/2016
Of the shortcomings, I would like to note that dwarf trees do not always bear fruit or bear fruit very poorly. Also, if a tree bears fruit, then five to six years, no more, then it will grow just like a plant without fruit. It is better to plant medium-sized trees, they will give birth better and do not take up much space.
Svetlana 03/29/2016
The advantages of such a garden are, of course, that if you have very little land in your country house, then you can grow not one or two large trees, but twenty different trees - apple trees, pears and others. I do not see any drawbacks in this, since small trees are even much more convenient to domesticate than large ones. Dmitry 03/04/2017
The main thing for such a bow is a well-lit place and do not plant the beds back to back, so the light will not evenly flow on the bow. It's a pretty profitable business.
Alena 03/09/2017
For many years I have been growing multi-tiered onions in the garden. Delicious, necessary and completely unpretentious culture! The feather appears as soon as the snow melts and there is still no greenery, and it grows again until the first snow. It is not at all afraid of winter frosts, for several years it does not require transplanting, although I periodically update the garden with young onions. Not afraid of pests. And this despite the fact that ordinary onions have ceased to plant - an onion fly starts all the time. I recommend to everyone!
Timofey 12.06.2018
The fact is that for the Moscow region, for example, dwarf varieties are hardly suitable. Considering the fact that the weather has now become, we have "hurricane". I consider it correct to plant the "classics".
Dwarf trees have won a special love of gardeners, because they have a lot of positive characteristics. Of course, to be completely objective, we need to talk about the negative features of such trees.
In this article, we propose to consider the pros and cons of these plants, which will allow you to draw your own conclusion about them and make an informed decision about the need to grow them on your site.
Advantages and disadvantages of dwarf gardens
This section presents two tables, after carefully studying which, you will receive all the necessary information about dwarf trees. It will be especially useful for those who are just starting to grow a dwarf garden with their own hands, however, experienced gardeners can learn a lot of new and interesting things for themselves.
Positive sides
| Benefits | Detailed description |
| Early entry into the fruiting phase | One of the main benefits. If an ordinary vigorous tree begins to bear fruit five years after planting, then for another ten years it accumulates strength and only by the age of seventeen begins to give a really bountiful harvest, then dwarf trees achieve all this much faster. Already in the third year after planting you can get the first fruits. and they reach their peak yield in the eighth, maximum tenth year after planting. That is, you can get the full harvest almost ten years earlier! Agree, this is a significant difference! |
| Ease of care | An ordinary tree grows up to seven to nine meters, plus the width of the crown, which grows in diameter by five to eight meters. And these are far from the largest trees; dwarf trees are much more modest, and therefore human growth is enough to care for them. Also, there will be no problems with harvesting, because the height of fruit varieties rarely exceeds two and a half meters. |
| Power area | For ordinary trees, the feeding area reaches forty square meters, although there are also more significant indicators. In dwarf apple trees, it is only eight square meters. Therefore, instead of one tree, you can plant five at once! |
| Yield | Perhaps this is the main advantage that dwarf trees have. According to this indicator, they significantly surpass ordinary fruit plants. The quality of the fruits deserves a separate mention - they turn out to be larger, ideally meet the established standards. |
Based on all of the above, a short preliminary conclusion can be drawn about small fruit trees:
- you can grow them yourself;
- they can be used as sealing plants between normal vigorous trees.
Note. The so-called mixed planting in no way affects the quality of the fruits obtained.
You can safely plant completely different varieties side by side and be sure that you will get the perfect fruits!
It is worth noting that the price of seedlings, with all the advantages of such plants, does not exceed the cost of seedlings of ordinary plants.
That is, for the same money you buy a tree that:
- more convenient to care for;
- bears fruit several years earlier;
- has a high yield.
And one should not forget about such a fact as tall ones.
Negative sides
Naturally, one cannot but mention the negative properties inherent in these trees.
| disadvantages | Detailed description |
| Initial financial expenses | When creating a bonsai garden, you will need a lot more seedlings than when planting regular varieties. Therefore, the costs will be more significant, which is not affordable for all gardeners. So keep this in mind when planning to create just such a garden. |
| Life span | Unfortunately, it must be admitted that such varieties have a much shorter lifespan than ordinary, vigorous trees. Keep this in mind when laying out a complete garden. |
| Support costs | It should be borne in mind that such trees have a not too developed root system, which sometimes is not able to keep the plant in an upright position. And not only immediately after planting, but also after the tree has already grown. It can suffer from:
Experienced gardeners are aware of these problems and therefore make supports and reinforcements for each individual tree. Such support helps the tree to maintain an upright, stable position in any, even critical, situations. |
| Variety changes | If the planting is not done according to the rules, with mistakes, then, as a result, dwarf trees may lose their variety and stop bearing fruit. |
| Care features | In the previous section, we have already mentioned the features of care, but as a positive characteristic. However, it can also be attributed to the disadvantages, since these require more frequent maintenance. So, the instruction assumes the following constant actions:
This feature must be taken into account when drawing up your schedule for caring for the entire garden and other plants. |
| Weakness | Unfortunately, there are some varieties that are extremely weak. For example, they are unable to withstand frosts, let alone severe frosts. Therefore, it is so important to think over a system of plant insulation and protection. |
| Frequent pruning | Frequent pruning in one word has already been mentioned in the negative characteristics of the features of plant care. Pruning needs to be done almost constantly. This is necessary in order to:
|
Note. If you are hardworking, ready to work for a good harvest and a beautiful garden, then all these negative aspects should not scare you away.
Since they are more than covered by positive characteristics, especially high yield.
Dwarf conifers
Above we looked at fruiting trees, but there are also dwarf spruces for the garden that will help you make the site as attractive as possible from a decorative point of view.
There are many varieties of coniferous dwarf trees, which are divided into several groups, depending on the shape of the plant.
Let's consider the main ones:
- Spherical:
- western thuja - this tree does not exceed thirty centimeters in height, has a beautiful dark greenish shade of needles;
- spruce - grows up to half a meter in height, but has a dense crown with light green needles;
- mountain pine - grows from twenty to fifty centimeters, has dark needles.
- Conical:
- mountain pine - this type of such a plant can reach up to two meters in height, and its needles are of a dark green hue, surprisingly thick and incredibly beautiful;
- gray spruce - grows up to sixty centimeters, the needles have a slightly bluish tint;
- serbian spruce - grows only twenty-five centimeters, and the needles are dark green.
- Columnar:
- eastern thuja grows a maximum of sixty centimeters, and the color of the needles has a slight yellowness;
- virginia juniper - can reach three meters in height, the crown is quite narrow, and the needles give off a light blue;
- berry yew - the growth of individual specimens can be either eighty centimeters or two meters. The needles have a slight yellowness.
- Creeping:
- horizontal juniper - the height does not exceed twenty centimeters, and the color of the needles is slightly silvery, with a light blue;
- sprawling juniper - also does not grow above twenty centimeters, the needles are green on one side, and bluish on the other.
Note. Using various varieties of dwarf conifers and plants, you can create an amazing composition.
It will become a true decoration of the garden, and the corner where such plants grow will undoubtedly be your favorite.
In conclusion
Dwarf trees will allow you to create the perfect garden design, filling it with a unique atmosphere, coziness and comfort. After examining our article, you can, after weighing all the pros and cons, form your opinion about these unique and unusual plants.
An additional video in this article will help you get new information on the topic under discussion.
They organize entire gardens of dwarf fruit crops on their site, which, although small in size, yield no less than their taller counterparts.
Description
Dwarf fruit treesi are stunted fruit grafts grafted onto a dwarf stock. The height of adult dwarf crops reaches only 2-3 meters. Such dwarfs live from 20 to 30 years, and begin to bear fruit from the third year from the moment of planting. They are very demanding on moisture as well, because their roots are shallow.
Popular species and varieties
Among the popular dwarf and semi-dwarf fruit varieties, there are dozens of popular varieties that differ in terms of fruit ripening.
Apple trees
The most popular rootstock is the M9 rootstock. It is especially good for industrial gardening. In our area such early ripe varieties of low-growing apple trees:
- . Apples of this type have a yellow-green, striped color, firm and juicy flesh. Ripen in August, weighing on average about 120 grams;
- "Wonderful". Fruiting begins in the fourth year after planting. It is characterized by frost resistance and high yield. large, yellowish, with red barrels, flattened, round. It tastes like honey;
- . Super early variety. Fruiting begins in the second half of July, the yield is high. Fruits are medium in size, juicy with a caramel flavor. Of the shortcomings, frequent defeat can be noted;
- . Less popular dwarf. It bears fruit after three years. The color is pink-yellow, striped. Fruit weight - from 100 grams.
TO mid-season, autumn includes the following types:
- "Autumn striped". The fruits are large, weighing up to 200 grams. The color is bright yellow, the taste is sweet and sour. this variety lends itself well to storage at low temperatures in basements and cellars;
- . The most resistant to weather conditions and diseases. Produces red-orange fruits in the second half of September. Possesses high commercial characteristics;
- Sokolovskoe. A high-yielding variety: one gives 80-90 kilograms of greenish, sweet-sour taste with grainy pulp. The plant is a natural dwarf.
Did you know? According to the observations of archaeologists, the apple tree is the first tree cultivated by people, the fruits of which were eaten as far back as 6500 BC.
Winter, or late maturing undersized apple trees include varieties:
- . The variety is tolerant of sudden weather changes, but requires increased attention: in order for the apple tree to bear fruit regularly, it is necessary to carry out frequent pruning of branches. Fruits are elongated, red-yellow, sour;
- "Snowdrop". The fruits have a conical rounded appearance, yellowish color and red barrel, sweet and sour taste. Weight reaches 150 grams.
- "Moscow necklace". The species is quite new, but already quite popular. Fruits are bright red with pinkish pulp and have a sweet and sour taste;
- "Grushevka Podmoskovnaya". The tree begins to bear fruit in the sixth year after planting. Differs in rather small white fruits. Possesses good preservation and productivity.
Also, the varieties of apple trees that are no less popular include: - "Ottawa";
- "Aroma de Vare";
- Earley Mac;
- Airlie Geneva.
Pears
The most common types of undersized gardeners are medium and late maturing:
- "Grand Champion". with a high yield, the fruit is large, weighing up to 250 grams. The pulp of pears is oily, very juicy and sweet. Also resistant to frost;
- . Dessert, rounded. Fruit color is greenish. The weight of one pear is 180-200 grams;
- "Parisian". Winter ripening fruits, sweet and sour taste, rather large. In color - green-yellow, with a prominent redhead.
Plums
- "Blue Free". Very winter hardy miniature species. Differs in early maturity. The fruits are inky black and oval in shape.
- "Chachakskaya". Late ripening plum tree. Creamy pulp, sweet and sour taste.
- "The president". The most unpretentious plum tree. The harvest gives quick, large and high quality. Has high commercial characteristics. The fruit is oval in shape, sweet in taste.
Peaches
The maximum height of the undersized is about two meters.
- "Sweet Cap" considered the most common. The variety is winter hardy, very fertile. Fruits with a whitish pulp and a sweet taste.
- "UFO" is another kind of miniature fig peach. Very species resistant. The fruits are extremely sweet, large and juicy. A great option for industrial gardening.
Apricot
- Earley Red Orange. Super early variety of undersized. large, light orange, with a red barrel, sweet in taste. The variety is market, has high transportability and storage rates.
- "Hardy". Late variety of apricots. It is very common in our area due to its resistance to low temperatures and drought. The fruits are large, with an easily separable stone. The skin is thin, the flesh is rich orange, juicy, sugar-sweet.
- "Crimean Cupid". Medium late grade. large and compressed, weighing up to 100 grams. Light orange in color, with a sour taste. Very aromatic.
Did you know?Queen Elizabeth II of England begins her breakfast with two plums grown in her own garden at Holyrood Palace. The variety of these plums is called "Brompcon".
Benefits of a dwarf garden
All the advantages of dwarf trees for the garden come down to the concept of the convenience of growing such plantings.
Early fruiting
All varieties of dwarf trees have increased yields, which is very important, especially when industrial gardening. Also, stable fruiting in dwarf plants is established at the age of 8-10 years, which is much earlier than in ordinary fruit crops.
Ease of care
The height of the plants makes it easy to maintain the garden in good condition:, tie, clean and fertilize. Also, the height of low-growing plants greatly simplifies harvesting.
Yield
The quantity and quality of fruits in dwarf trees are in no way inferior to an ordinary garden, moreover, they are even higher. This is due to the earlier ripening, and the relatively small expenditure of energy for the growth of the tree itself. 
Are there any downsides?
The organization of a dwarf garden is not without its drawbacks.
Initial investment
The cost of purchasing planting material is several times higher than when planting a pair of ordinary trees. Also, dwarf varieties are more expensive in themselves than cuttings of simple fruit trees.
Difficulty leaving
The difficulty here is not in the events, they are the same as in an ordinary garden, but in the frequency of their holding. Allocating enough time is often difficult.
Life span
Low-growing varieties of trees live almost half as much as a regular garden, which means that their fruiting period is shorter.
The need for supports
The shallow roots of low-growing species force the gardener to purchase supports for each tree. It is impossible to predict from what the tree will bend or fall: from the severity of the fruit or from the wind.
How to plant and care for basic rules
Dwarf trees can be used not only for planting in the garden, but also as a decoration for the home. Such babies are planted in a tub and at any time can be transferred to open ground.
Dwarf fruit trees are undersized (undersized) forms of common fruit trees. They are distinguished by a shallow root system, therefore, they require a special irrigation technique and need additional nutrition. On garden plots, a tiered type of crown is formed, for semi-dwarf species - a sparse-tiered one.
To create landscape design, dwarf fruit trees are often planted along the walls, forming a flat crown along a vertical surface.
The main varieties and features of low-growing plantations
A distinctive feature of low-growing forms is early fruiting in comparison with vigorous ones. The first fruits appear already 3-4 years after planting. A few years later (7-9) dwarf varieties delight with a full harvest. For comparison, a tall apple tree begins to bear fruit in the fifth year, reaching its peak yield by the age of 18.
The small height and size of the crown of dwarf varieties is considered a valuable economic property. As a rule, ordinary trees reach a height of 5-9 m, and the crown width is 3-8 m. This is inconvenient when pruning and harvesting. To provide full care, you have to stock up on ladders, stepladders and other devices.
When processing dwarf trees, in most cases, additional structures are not required. Their maximum height reaches 2.5 m. Also, there is no need for a large area. If a vigorous tree requires up to 48 m 2, then about 9 m 2 is enough for a weak tree for good nutrition.
Weak species get along well with ordinary trees. Therefore, they are often combined within the same garden plot.
A feature of mixed planting is that while tall apple trees, pears will gain strength and reach the peak yield, dwarf ones will have time to give several full harvests. And when the crowns of tall trees grow to their maximum size and close, the fruiting period of low trees ends. Then they can be dug up and, if desired, replaced with new ones.
For planting orchards in middle latitude, dwarf apple trees and pears are most often used.
There are three main forms of plantings grafted:
- On dusen, paradise.
- Form culture on quince and paradizka.
- Kadochnaya on the same rootstocks.
Despite the fact that undersized breeds can effectively bear fruit, occupying a small area, they need high-quality feeding and regular watering. In addition, the soil around the trunk must be loosened after the end of the frost. When caring for the near-trunk circles, it should be remembered that dwarf plantations have a superficial root system.
The best fertilizer options:
- manure;
- compost;
- humus;
- organic waste;
- slurry.
Top dressing is carried out in three stages:
- in mid-March;
- after flowering;
- after shedding the ovary.
Fertilizer is distributed over the dug soil, at the rate of 5-6 kg per m2.
For effective watering, a hole is formed. Drying and cracking of the topsoil should be avoided. Therefore, it is necessary to organize regular watering, especially in the summer season, during drought.
To prepare low-growing trees for wintering, you need to adhere to a number of rules:
- reduce watering starting in the second half of summer;
- spud or cover the tree trunks with foliage before the first frosts, the layer should be at least 10 cm thick;
- in winter, pack snow around the trunks.
To protect the plantations from rodents, the lower part of the trunk is wrapped with reeds, coniferous branches, directing the needles down.
Proper pruning is important for full growth and fruiting. It is best to adjust the strength of growth, balance the crown, trunk thickness, main branches in the first years of the tree's life. To strengthen the trunk, the upper branches are pruned to provide the main power to the lower branches and strengthen them. The next year, the crown is formed according to the same principle.
Benefits of dwarf fruit tree varieties
The name itself contains the essence of the main advantage of undersized forms - compactness. The relatively small size allows you to use a minimum of space with maximum benefit. Other benefits include:
All of the above advantages allow the use of dwarf breeds:
- for the main landing on the site;
- as a sealant in rows of tall varieties;
- for decorative purposes.
To implement the first option for several apple trees, pears and one cherry, there is enough land with an area of \u200b\u200b50 m 2. At the same time, the same space is necessary for full nutrition of one tall apple tree. Low-growing stands are recommended to be planted with an interval of at least 3-4 m between them, allocating about 9-10 m 2 per one.
Mixed planting makes it possible to get the full volume of the harvest, from 5 to 20 years of garden life First, dwarf trees bear fruit, and when the moment of attenuation of their fertile activity comes, tall trees reach their maximum fruiting.
Such a scheme is optimal for organizing an orchard and has the following advantages:
- allows you to add variety to the list of crops grown;
- provides maximum benefit from maintenance (regular yield);
- accelerates the receipt of fruits (including winter ones);
- increases the productivity of the garden.
Decorating the landscape with bonsai is a popular technique among land owners. Thus, you can not only improve the exterior, but also benefit from the harvest. For this purpose, citrus varieties are often used - oranges, lemons, tangerines, as well as dwarf cherries.
Crown formation begins from the moment the lateral branches appear. If the idea is a "flat" vertical crown, planting is carried out at a distance of 1 m from the fence or wall, and from the second year of life, the front branches are trimmed. Thus, young growth will climb up a fence or wall.
As a reinforcement, the main branches at a height of one third of the fork are fixed with props or wire. Care and feeding in this case is carried out according to the standard scheme.
A "flat" horizontal crown is formed by pruning the upper branches. For this, the first stem branches are left and strengthened. Next, cut off all the branches growing up.
Dwarf trees are an excellent option for forming a compact garden on a small plot of land. With proper care, their yield is on par with full-grown tall plantations, being one of the many benefits. The only drawback of low-growth forms is the shortened life span.