Warm plaster for interior work: making warm plaster and instructions for plastering walls with your own hands. New product - warm plaster

Recently, among the thermal insulation products in the construction industry, new material, which received the unofficial name warm plaster. In addition to the functions of providing protection to the walls of the building from the effects environment, the composition plays a role warm insulating material, keeping energy inside the building.

When talking about plastering walls, the question that comes to mind is the labor intensity of the work and the need to attract specialists with experience and qualifications, but the classic application of sand-cement mixture to the walls does not solve the problem of wall insulation. With thermal insulation or “warm” plaster, there will be one less problem during construction.

When insulating, warm plaster is used for the facade and interior works. It is highly energy efficient, but remains an inexpensive construction raw material.

Material composition

For the manufacture of traditional plaster compositions, cement, sand, water, and, if necessary, mineral additives are used to add strength or frost resistance to the final product.

Thermal insulating plaster has the properties of both insulation and cement mixture.

This effect is achieved by applying a special recipe to the production of the material. The most common substances that are used to dilute the material to increase its energy-efficient properties of steel:

• expanded vermiculite;
• sawdust;
• granulated expanded clay crumbs;
• crushed pumice;
• granulated polystyrene foam.

Manufacturers and prices

The technology for producing the material appeared not so long ago, but there is already competition among manufacturers. Nowadays, the most famous heat-insulating plaster is of three brands: “Mishka” or “Varmix”, “Umka” and “Knauf”. Below is a description of each of them.

• Thermal insulation mixture "Umka". In recent years popular material. It has gained fame as a product suitable for interior finishing work. The basis of “Umka” is granulated silicon balls. It has vapor barrier properties, does not absorb moisture, absorbs sound waves, and is an excellent thermal insulator. Silicon balls are odorless and harmless to human health. In addition to increased thermal insulation properties, due to granulated ceramic balls, the plaster composition acquires increased strength with a lighter specific gravity. Applying such a mixture to wall surfaces will not require additional processing soil compositions or installation of reinforcing mesh. In construction markets, “Umka” is sold at a price of 100 rubles per 1 kg.

• Warm plaster"Bear" or "Varmix". Someone confuses these two materials, but they have the same manufacturer who has rebranded trademark. Like the previous insulation, “Mishka” in its raw form is a dry mixture, which is diluted in the required proportions with water before application to the surface. The finished composition has high adhesion properties to any surface, which eliminates the need to treat walls with primers. This is an excellent sound and vapor barrier material. “Mishka” has the positive properties of a competitor and is used as a heat-insulating plaster for exterior use. The price in the store per kilogram of “Mishka” starts from 120 rubles per kilogram.

• Thermal insulating composition "Knauf". Manufacturers took care of the versatility of the final product. Knauf can be applied to any type of surface. Even floor slabs are insulated and plastered with the mixture. Due to the fact that the plaster composition is applied both manually and using machine mechanisms, a person has the opportunity to save time when performing work.

On the construction market, the manufacturer presents the mixture in a wide range of products, each of which is designed for specific tasks. By adding additives during production, the tasks of imparting the properties of frost resistance, moisture resistance, or other properties to the final product are solved.

The impact of negative temperatures during the operation of the building does not affect negative influence to its chemical or physical properties. Initially, the material is provided with high strength parameters, which gives the capital structures of the building additional protection.

Types of warm plaster

Technically, the material has the properties it needs due to the addition of insulating materials to the base. There are three types of mixtures based on composition.

• Vermiculite based plaster. This additive is produced by heat treatment of vermiculite rock. Expanded vermiculite has antiseptic properties, protecting wall coverings from the formation of harmful fungal growths. This lightweight mineral filler is added to ready-made dry mixes, making it possible to use for facade works and interior decoration.
• A plaster mixture containing expanded polystyrene foam granules. The polystyrene foam content makes the plaster an excellent thermal insulator. In addition to this insulating material, the composition includes cement, lime, special additives and fillers. It is suitable for use as a warm plaster for exterior and interior construction work.
• Another type of this heat-insulating mixture is called “sawdust” , since in addition to cement, sawdust, clay, and paper are added to it. Due to the content of additional components, heat-insulating plaster for interior work is used for thermal insulation. Such warm plaster when performing external work on the outside of the wall is not resistant to constant exposure to moisture. However, it is also suitable for interior work. When insulating walls with this composition, keep in mind that during the period of hardening of the solution it is necessary to ensure constant ventilation of the room. “Sawdust” mortar is applied to brick and wooden walls. Hardening time is about two weeks. If you do not ventilate the room, the finishing surface will become covered with mold or mildew.

Cement heat-insulating plaster Knauf Grünband

Warm plaster Knauf Grünband deserves special attention. The Knauf product line itself is well known, but among them there are the most popular ones. Fractional components are no more than 1.5 mm in diameter. Application is carried out in two ways: manually and using electrical equipment.

This mixture is also used in addition to performing the main functionality. It helps solve other problems, such as:

1. Application of waterproofing coating on facade walls, basements, sanitary rooms and other rooms with high humidity.
2. Strengthening the surface of facades. High performance Knauf mixtures Grünband in the field of resistance to physical activity allow you to protect walls from the effects of external conditions associated with the natural shrinkage processes of the soil under the building. As a result, cracks do not form on the surface.
3. Decorative tasks. The structure makes it possible, through simple manipulations, to transform the plaster layer into a finishing layer decorative element wall decoration. As a result, no additional painting works, except for the final surface painting.

Knauf Grünband is sold in retail outlets in containers of 25 kilograms. One bag, when applied to a wall 1.5 cm thick, is enough to treat a surface area of ​​1-1.4 square meters. m.

Work progress

Insulating plaster is applied to the wall surfaces according to traditional technology. Before starting work, the surface is cleaned of dust and flaking elements. Some types of warm plasters do not require treatment with primer compounds, but for higher adhesion, applying a primer will not be superfluous.

The solution is mixed in construction containers with a volume of at least 50 liters.

It is written on the packaging how much liquid will need to be added to the mixture according to the technology. Some plaster compositions harden after a short time, therefore, you should carefully study the instructions from the manufacturer to avoid discarding the material.

In order to save time, the work is entrusted to experienced teams who have already completed more than one project using this technology.

Plaster, suitable as insulation for the facade, is applied in the same way as that used indoors. When working with it, it is important to pay attention to the frost resistance properties of the material and its adhesion at sub-zero temperatures. In the process of plastering the facade with warm plaster with your own hands, winter period there is a risk that the solution will not adhere to the frozen surface of the wall. In the future, the layer will move away from the wall, and the material will have to be thrown away.

The material is applied to the walls in several layers. Each layer is not made thicker than 20 mm, and it can be applied no earlier than 4 hours after the previous one. To carry out the work, experienced specialists use construction spatulas of two sizes: wide and small. The quality of work is checked using two-meter rules with a level. This should be done 3 weeks after completion of work. The deviation of the plane from the level should usually not exceed 1-3 mm.

Preparatory stage

Applying plaster to insulate the facade will require more preparation before starting work than indoors. Work at height requires strict adherence to safety measures, the use of only certified equipment and building structures to ensure work safety. Before starting work, elements protruding from the body of the capital structure are removed from the surface of the external walls. After finishing civil works masons do not remove pieces of dressing reinforcement. They are cut to avoid future injury.

Work on the reinforcing layer

Once the planning and preparation phase is over, the time comes when the warm facade plaster. In modern realities, this stage often begins with disappointment, as it turns out that the differences on the walls being treated are too great. Although solutions have great strength characteristics, sometimes this is not enough to dispense with the use of reinforcing mesh as a load-bearing base.

The reinforcing layer is technologically designed to withstand loads from its own weight. Manufacturers provide data that their products do not require the provision of reinforcing mesh. In this matter, it is worth additionally monitoring the problem by obtaining specialist advice, and then taking final decision, whether the base under the plaster layer should be reinforced.

Advantages and disadvantages of warm plasters

Warm plaster is not ideal for interior construction work. Like any product, it has its pros and cons. Below is a description of the positive and negative traits for general group heat-insulating plaster mixtures.

Positive traits:

• no deformation changes over time, wear resistance;
• high strength;
• absence of components harmful to health in raw materials;
• resistance to low temperatures;
• high adhesion properties;
• Possibility of application to any type of surface;
• in most cases does not require a reinforcing layer.

The negative properties of the material include two points.

The thermal insulation properties of the material are lower than those of classical insulation materials. To ensure similar properties, it will be necessary to create a layer of solution 1.5-2 times thicker than when insulating with conventional thermal insulation.

Thermal insulating mixture is rarely used as a finishing coating. After drying, it requires final processing with more suitable materials.

Mixture consumption

Plastering walls with the help of hired personnel may be accompanied by unjustified material costs. Control of the production of the mixture by builders is ensured by calculations based on data from manufacturers of thermal insulation material.

Consumption ranges from 10 to 18 kg per square meter. meter. The consumption of warm plaster for external work will reach up to 25 kg per square meter. meter, so on external walls a thicker layer must be applied.

U different manufacturers the numbers may differ, but not significantly. Consumption will become higher if the wall surface has too many unevennesses, as well as due to overspending by builders on defects. These points are worth paying attention to.

How to make warm plaster with your own hands

When it is not possible to purchase a ready-made mixture, you should try making it yourself. You can make warm plaster with your own hands in a simple way. It is important to note that for its manufacture it is not enough to simply add granules of insulating raw materials to the cement-sand mixture. A special plasticizer is used.

To make the composition you will need plain water, cement, thermal insulation filler (vermiculite) and plasticizer. PVA glue is used as a plasticizer. The ingredients are mixed in the following proportion: to one part cement, four parts filler. 50 grams of PVA glue per bucket of cement is enough. Add water to the required consistency.

Plastering the surface of the walls with a composition made by yourself takes place in three stages:

1. The plasticizer is diluted in water.
2. Filler is added to the cement. The finished mixture is mixed until smooth.
3. The dry composition is diluted with liquid, and the resulting solution is allowed to stand for 15 minutes.

After completing the preparatory work, the product is ready for use.

Until recently, the concept of “warm plaster” caused bewilderment on the faces of people selecting finishing materials for renovating their apartment or the external walls of a house.

Today, using a warm plaster mixture, they successfully carry out external and internal finishing of residential and administrative buildings.

Warm plaster for interior work is produced in two main directions: to create a preparatory and finishing layer.

In both cases, the finishing material has high strength and thermal insulation properties.

Components of warm plaster

It includes:

• fillers - substances that provide vapor permeability to the plaster layer;
• plasticizers - they give the finishing material high elastic properties;
• water repellents - these components provide resistance to moisture.

White Portland cement or ordinary lime with the addition of gypsum is used as a binder.

Warm plaster is distinguished by fillers, which give the material thermal insulation characteristics.

On this moment two types have become widespread warm finishes: with organic and mineral components.

Expanded polystyrene can be an organic additive. It is used in the form of granules, foamed during production.

Because this type organic filler is characterized by low strength, then the plasters that contain it are covered with a protective finish.

Mineral components are divided into types. Substances of one group are natural materials with a porous structure of volcanic origin (expanded perlite, vermiculite).

Other elements are fractional hollow grains of foam glass type. They give the plastered surface high level mechanical strength.

The advantage of using warm plaster

Warm plaster, thanks to the universal properties obtained during production, can be used for finishing the internal and external walls of buildings.

In addition to high thermal insulation properties, the finishing material is endowed with:

• Light weight - unlike standard plaster, after the screed has set it specific gravity can be from 240 to 360 kg/m3;
• Solidity of the layer - it eliminates the appearance of temperature bridges, peeling and shedding of the finishing surface;
• Good adhesion - due to the high level of adhesive ability, warm plaster is suitable for almost all surfaces. If it is necessary to apply a layer about 5 cm thick, it becomes necessary to use a primer and reinforcing fiberglass;
• Possibility of restoration - the plaster layer is easily restored as a result of any mechanical damage;
• Ease of use - no need to use specialized equipment. When performing work it is enough standard set tools: spatula, grater and trowel;
• Safety - warm plaster is an environmentally friendly finishing material, due to which it is used not only for plastering facade surfaces (warm facade plaster), but also interior walls living space. This fact applies to certified mixtures;
• The finishing layer - plaster works well as a decorative finishing coating for both external and internal surfaces of the building. Due to the additional use of a coloring, vapor-permeable substance, the mixtures acquire the required color.

How to make warm plaster with your own hands

Do-it-yourself warm plaster is easy to make, since everything necessary materials available on the construction market.

As mentioned above, the components of the warm plaster mixture are porous materials, a plasticizer and ordinary cement.

Due to the porous components, warm plaster performs insulating functions and is endowed with vapor-permeable properties, and therefore the ability to breathe.

Mold and fungus do not grow on vapor-permeable materials, since there is no source of their occurrence - dampness.

Thanks to the use of plasticizers, a composition based on a cement binder receives good performance plasticity and adhesion to the supporting base.

That is why heat-insulating plasters have characteristics that allow them to be applied to wood, concrete, brick and even ceramic surfaces.

Warm plaster is produced using the following technology:

• one part of cement M500;
• four parts of perlite or vermiculite grains;
• water (add until the consistency of thick sour cream is obtained);
• plasticizer (replace PVA with glue, take 50 grams per bucket of cement).

Step-by-step instructions for making the solution:

• plasticizer or PVA glue is diluted in water;
• thoroughly mix cement with granules;
• Add water to the dry mixture and knead until it becomes plastic.

After 15 minutes, when the composition has settled, it’s time to apply warm plaster to the prepared surface.

Plaster prepared at home will cost much less. This is especially noticeable when we compare it with mixtures from well-known companies, for example, Knauf.

It is worth noting here that heat-insulating plaster cannot be used as the main insulation material, but nevertheless, it can retain some of the heat in the room.

Plaster "Knauf" for building facades

Using warm plaster "Grunband" from Knauf to decorate the facades of buildings, you can save on insulation materials, but you will have to spend money on surface decorative finishing.

Various finishing putties, polyurethane panels or vapor-permeable paints are used as decoration.

Preparing the solution does not take much time, but requires the use of a construction mixer.

This is a necessity, because it is quite difficult to manually thoroughly mix 30 kg of dry mixture with water until the desired consistency is obtained.

Set includes:

• building level and rule;
• trowel, metal spatula and grater.

Knauf facade plaster is applied only to the prepared surface, due to which it is laid in an even layer.

During the preparatory work, old peeling finish, dirt and dust are removed from the base.

Detected small chips and cracks do not need to be puttied, as all defects will be hidden by the finishing material.

Then the outer walls are primed, which will protrude additional protection facade finishing from moisture penetration. The primer is applied to a dry surface.

If you plan to lay another type of insulation under the plaster layer, for example, polyurethane foam, then you should not worry about how it will lay down and whether the plaster will adhere firmly to it.

Due to a special fiberglass reinforced mesh, which is overlapped on the insulated outer walls of the building, the plaster mixture can be applied in the same way as on a concrete or brick base.

Here it is worth mentioning some features of the work being carried out using the Knauf plaster mixture:

• The thickness of the applied layer of heat-insulating facade plaster can be about 20 mm, but no more, since the mixture will begin to slide off the working surface. It is distributed according to the rule along the plane of the wall. If it is necessary to plaster the walls with a thicker layer, for example, 30 mm, the process of work is divided into several stages. At the first stage, one layer of Knauf solution is applied; on the second, the first layer is reinforced with mesh; at the final stage, a second layer of plaster is laid, but only after the first one has dried;
• After the plaster mixture has begun to set, its surface is slightly moistened with water and rubbed with a grater.

The façade, treated with warm plaster, is faced with any decorative material of your choice to create an externally attractive appearance.

The main thing is that it meets the requirements that allow the facade to maintain its unchanged appearance.

Gypsum plaster "Knauf" for interior decoration

Dry warm mixtures made on the basis of gypsum by the Knauf company are successfully used for leveling the internal walls of a room.

Today you can find gypsum compositions intended for both machine and manual use.

The former can also be used for manual work, but doing the opposite is not recommended. Otherwise, breakdown of expensive equipment is possible.

Apply gypsum plaster"Knauf" on a previously cleaned and primed base.

If you have to plaster walls made of brickwork or cellular concrete, then the composition “Grund”, from the company “Knauf”, or “Grundirmittel” is used as a primer.

These compounds are endowed with the ability to penetrate the base layer and, subsequently, become a barrier to the moisture contained in the plaster. Both types of primer dry on the surface within six hours.

When applying plaster to smooth concrete surfaces or insulated with extruded polystyrene foam, use the Betonokontakt primer.

This composition creates a roughness on the load-bearing smooth wall, which subsequently allows the base and plaster layers to provide a high level of adhesion.

It takes at least a day for the primer to dry.

Warm plaster is applied using beacons, which are pre-installed using a level and perforated profiles.

Correct angles can be achieved by mounting corner profiles in a plane marked with beacons.

When preparing a warm plaster mixture, follow the dosage specified by the manufacturer in the instructions. In progress plastering works use a metal spatula.

Using this tool, apply the solution onto the wall surface from bottom to top. The thickness of the layer being laid should be no more than 2.5 cm, otherwise the mixture will begin to gradually slide down.

Then, using a rule or a metal grater with a rubber working surface, distribute the plaster solution evenly over the wall.

To achieve ideal smoothness and evenness of the surface, upon completion of the work, the slightly set screed is additionally smoothed with a grater previously soaked in water.

It takes about three days for the warm plaster to dry completely, after which you can begin finishing internal walls.

Here it is worth clarifying: the level high strength the plaster layer will reach only after 28 days, and the maximum thermal insulation value - after two months.

In an uninsulated home, heating takes more energy and time to warm up the house, and you more money for its content. In addition, in cold weather the windows leak and the corners become damp.

Many materials have been invented to insulate a house. One of them is warm plaster for facade and interior work. This will be discussed in the article. You will learn what the material is, what it is made of, how it differs from others and how to make it yourself, and also get tips on applying it to the wall.

What kind of material?

This is a mixture with porous additives based on cement or gypsum. The porosity of the additives makes it heat-saving.

Cement base and porous additives - the composition of warm plaster

The type of material depends on the additives:

• pumice powder
• perlite
• expanded vermiculite
• sawdust
• expanded polystyrene granules
• foamed silicon or foam glass

On a note: warm gypsum plaster is intended for application to internal surfaces in rooms with air humidity of 40-60%. The scope of application of cement mixtures is related to the properties of additives.

Types and scope of application of cement-based mixtures

If the base is diluted with sawdust or expanded vermiculite, it is heat-insulating plaster for interior use. It is not recommended to use it outside - the additives absorb moisture, the material becomes heavier and falls off the walls.

If pumice powder, perlite, foamed silicon and polystyrene foam granules are added to the base, this is warm plaster for the facade. However, indoor use is allowed.

The difference in the finishing process with decorative plaster, when insulation and the material in question are used

Important: if warm facade plaster with the addition of polystyrene foam granules is used, then waterproofing is done on top, and then cladding is applied.

Peculiarities

Many people are interested in whether warm plaster for aerated concrete is sold. main feature material - it adheres well to any surface, so it can be used in aerated concrete, concrete, brick, wood and other houses. We will divide other characteristics into good and bad.

“Mishka” is a warm plaster for interior work, the reviews of which are only positive

• It allows air to pass through, so the wall breathes.
• It is environmentally friendly and therefore safe for health.
• Adheses to surfaces without reinforced mesh. Exception - large cracks.

What does warm plaster do?

This is interesting: a mixture with the addition of foamed silicon or foam glass can be used as a finishing material: the wall turns out white. If desired, you can paint it with vapor-permeable paint.

• High consumption: 8-12 kg/m2 to obtain a layer 2 cm thick.
• High price. Warm plasters for exterior use are more expensive than mineral wool, polystyrene foam and expanded polystyrene.

Comparison with other materials

To see the effectiveness of using heat-insulating plaster, you need to compare it with other materials. Let's take the popular ones: polystyrene foam, polystyrene foam and mineral wool.

1) Foam plastic. 2) Mineral wool. 3) Expanded polystyrene

Thermal conductivity coefficient of materials:

• expanded polystyrene – 0.028-0.037 W/(m K).
• polystyrene foam – 0.033-0.043 W/(m K).
• mineral wool– 0.041-0.05 W/(m K).
• warm plaster – 0.065 W/(m K).

Polystyrene foam, mineral wool and expanded polystyrene are more effective, because where insulation 5-10 cm thick is required, you will have to apply a 10-20 cm layer of warm plaster for the facade. Moreover, the maximum layer thickness should not exceed 5 cm - otherwise the plaster will collapse from its own gravity. But the conclusion is conditional. And that's why.

To secure foam, mineral wool or polystyrene foam, you need to install fasteners and guides. Because of them, cold bridges appear, which reduce thermal conductivity. Thermal insulating façade plaster adheres to the surface and does not require reinforcement. Therefore, in most cases the effect of both methods is the same.

On a note: If you took insulating plaster for exterior work, and for the full effect a layer of 10 cm is required, then apply a 5 cm layer on the outside, and 5 cm on the inside.

How to make it yourself

If you are confused by the price of the material in question, prepare plaster to insulate the walls inside and out yourself.

1. Buy cement, sand, porous additives and plasticizer - sold in construction stores. PVA will work as a plasticizer: for one bucket cement-sand mixture- 50-60 grams of glue.
2. Pour water into the container. Don't overdo it: it's better to top up than to add mixture.
3. Mix cement and sand in a ratio of 1 to 3 and pour into a container with water. Mix with a mixer so that there are no lumps left.
4. Add as many porous additives as the cement-sand mixture. Stir.
5. The mixture should look like semolina. If it is thick, add water. If liquid - mixtures and porous additives.

Thermal insulating plaster for interior work in its finished form should be like semolina porridge

And the video below shows how to prepare the mixture in the cold season using a mechanized method.

Application technology

If you decide to apply insulating plaster yourself for interior work and want the result to be good, follow the technology:

1. Prepare the wall. Remove the finish and old plaster, followed by dust. Prime so that the mixture adheres better to the wall. If there are large cracks, fill in reinforced mesh.

Preparing the wall for application

1. Prepare the solution. Pour into the container as much water as written on the package. Pour in the material and stir with a mixer. To make sure the mixture is properly thick, scoop it up with a trowel and turn it over. If the mixture does not fall off, then the thickness is normal.

Preparation of the solution

On a note: The solution must be worked out within 2 hours. Afterwards it loses its properties.

1. Apply the solution. To do this, use plastering tools: spatula, trowel, grater, rule. Before applying, wet the wall generously with water. The layer thickness should not be more than 2 cm - otherwise the plaster will fall off. Apply the next layer after 4 hours.

Application of the solution

1. Check the result. The next day, when the mixture has hardened, apply a two-meter rule to the wall. If gaps appear more than three millimeters per meter, it means that the surface is not smooth - level it. Wait another 3-4 weeks for the mixture to fully harden and see if the plaster is cracking or peeling. If everything is in order, finish with finishing material.

Checking the result

Builders' opinion

Builders advise using the reviewed material for the following purposes:

• insulate the base and wall inside when it’s not possible outside
• seal balcony window openings, cracks, joints and ceilings.

High price utilities and energy supplies may push apartment and country property owners to carry out additional work on wall insulation. One of the options for increasing the thermal properties of such bases is the use of special warm plaster. What is it and what kind of coating is there - read about all this in our article.

Thermal insulating plaster: types and features

In the formulations of warm plasters, some of the components of conventional leveling compounds are replaced with materials that can be used to enhance the thermal insulation properties of the hardened mortar. For example, quartz sand or part of it is replaced with perlite, vermiculite, polystyrene foam, etc. additives in in bulk form. Cement or gypsum can be used as a binder. In the first case, the finished composition is suitable for external and internal finishing, in the second - only for internal work due to the high hygroscopicity of gypsum.

The main part of dry mixes presented on the domestic market is perlite plaster. Expanded perlite is used as a filler, which in appearance may resemble coarse sand or small gravel of a grayish-white color. The material is quite light - bulk density around 200-400 kg per cubic meter. m. depending on the grain size. It is somewhat lower for expanded vermiculite. The density of this additive to plaster is approximately 100 kg per cubic meter. m. (bulk). Another property that must be taken into account when using thermal insulation solutions is the high hygroscopicity of hardened coatings. The hygroscopicity of the material is up to 5 volumes of water per 1 volume of expanded component.

Despite the high water absorption coefficients, vermiculite and perlite plasters can be used for external insulation of a building. The main thing is that they are not directly exposed to precipitation, and the steam passing through the walls of the house does not linger in the coating.

The low density of the solution components ensures a reduction in the mass of the finished coating, which can be taken into account when designing a house. There is an opportunity to reduce the load on the foundation and rely on a cheaper foundation for construction.

A short video about plaster based on polystyrene foam.

Two videos on how to prepare warm plaster with vermiculite.

Plaster Teplon (GK Unis)

You've probably heard about this finishing material like Teplon plaster. This is a ready-to-mix dry mixture based on gypsum binder. A special feature of the composition is the addition of perlite, a porous rock of volcanic origin. It is this additive that gives the manufacturer the right to call their plaster warm. Teplon mixtures can be used for interior decoration premises. The coating turns out to be relatively light, allows you to level the base and give it additional sound and thermal insulation properties.

Types and technical characteristics

At the time of writing the review, the company produced four types of plasters under the Teplon brand. Moreover, three of them are intended for finishing dry rooms and actually have some thermal insulation properties, and the fourth, moisture-resistant modification is not positioned as “warm” (the thermal conductivity coefficient is not specified for it).

Remember that such coatings are highly hygroscopic, so we can talk about the advisability of their use only if the humidity in the room is normal. We are talking about “warm” compositions. And do not forget that you need to insulate the walls from the outside, not from the inside. Accordingly, using completely different materials.

To be fair, we note that the thermal conductivity coefficient of Teplon plaster is 0.23 W/(m×°C), and that of thermal insulation materials such as extruded polystyrene foam, ordinary polystyrene foam and mineral wool – 0.029÷0.032, 0.038÷0.047, 0.036÷0.055 W/( m×°C) respectively. And we remember that the lower this value, the better the heat-shielding properties are characteristic for the same thickness of the material. What does it mean? And the fact is that achieving the same thermal protection of walls when using warm Teplon plaster is more difficult than when installing a special thermal insulation material.

Work technology

1. Requirements for temperature and humidity conditions for work are standard: from +5 to +30 ° C at relative humidity up to 75%. Because All brands of Teplon plaster are produced using gypsum binder, then the condition of the base must be appropriate: clean, dry, without damaged or poorly adhering parts of the wall material. The working surface is primed with concrete active (for smooth concrete bases) or primer deep penetration(For cellular concrete and other hygroscopic materials). Subsequent operations begin after the soil has dried.
2. Installation of plaster beacons is carried out according to standard scheme, only for attaching beacons use the appropriate brand of Teplon solution.
3. To obtain a solution of the desired consistency, add a kilogram of powder for every 450-550 ml of water. When using a moisture-resistant brand of water, take less - 160-220 ml. Mix using a special mixer or a puncher with a stirrer. After this, the mass is left alone for 5 minutes. and mix again. Further fate plaster is determined by the value of its viability.
4. The resulting composition is applied to the walls manually or mechanically (for the MN composition) in a layer 5-50 mm thick. The thickness of the ceiling covering is less - 5-30 mm.
5. An hour after mixing the solution, the layer of plaster is trimmed along the beacons using the rule. At this stage, all coating defects are corrected: depressions, bumps, waves, etc.
6. If it is necessary to apply a layer with a thickness of more than 50 mm, then this is done in several stages: layer by layer, after the previous coating has hardened, treated with a primer and over a plaster mesh.
7. On final stage surface glossing is possible. It is started 2 hours after trimming the set mortar. The coating is wetted clean water, rub with a special sponge grater, and the emerging milk is smoothed out with a wide spatula.

Umka

Some plaster mixtures Umka is also positioned as warm: UB-21, UF-2, UB-212. In addition to heat and sound insulation properties, the manufacturer is distinguished by the environmental friendliness of the compositions, their hydrophobic properties, non-flammability and frost resistance.

Compare brands of heat-insulating plasters Umka

Comparison criterion	UMKA
	UB-21	UB-212	UF-2
a brief description of	For all types of stone bases for interior and exterior decoration	For walls made of gas silicate and hollow ceramic bricks. Thin-layer, for interior and facade work	Finishing layer for finishing any type of stone bases, inside or outside. Thermal insulation properties are an option. In general, plaster is decorative in nature.
Recommended layer thickness, mm	10-100	5-7	up to 20
Volume of water per 1 kg of mixture, l	0,53-0,58	0,58-0,64	0,45-0,47
Consumption of dry mixture, kg/m 2 /layer thickness, mm	3,5-4/10	2,5-2,9/5-7	1,1/2
Viability of solution, min	60	90	60
Thermal conductivity coefficient of hardened plaster, W/(m×°C)	0,065	0,1	0,13
Price/packaging	€15/9 kg		€18/12 kg

All work is carried out in almost the same order as for Unis products. Because in essence it is a similar product.

Below is a short video about Umka plaster.

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Warm plaster Mishka is suitable for finishing walls made of any materials, both for external and internal work. The thermal conductivity declared by the manufacturer is 0.065 W/(m×°C) - the same as for Umka UB-21 products, which gives rise to some thoughts on this matter. 7 kg of dry mixture is mixed with approximately 3-3.3 liters of water, the solution consumption is approximately 3.5-4 kg/m2 at a 10 mm layer. The cost of a bag (7 kg) is approximately 650 rubles.

Knauf Grünband

Another option for a ready-made mixture from famous manufacturer. You can read more about it.

Making warm perlite plaster with your own hands

You probably already noticed that all compositions for warm plaster contain components that determine their thermal insulation properties. Most often it is perlite or vermiculite; mixtures with expanded polystyrene are also found. It is their low thermal conductivity coefficients that allow, on average, to obtain good values ​​for finished coatings. By using such additives together with or instead of certain fillers, such as sand, as well as binders such as gypsum or cement, you can be sure of mixing a mixture with the desired properties.

Unfortunately, prices for ready-made mixtures do not inspire confidence. What if you prepare the solution yourself?! Moreover, individual components, such as cement, perlite, lime, are relatively inexpensive. For example, a ton of M500 cement can be bought for 3000-4000 rubles, 20 kg bags of slaked lime - 170 rubles each, perlite (grades M75 or M100) - approximately 1500-2000 rubles. per cubic meter If the amount of work is large and the budget for implementation is limited, then it’s time to get creative. We offer you several recipes for preparing warm perlite plaster with your own hands.

• 1 part cement to 1 part sand and 4 parts perlite (calculated by volume) is mixed with water until the required consistency is obtained (thick sour cream);
• the proportions of cement and perlite by volume are 1 to 4. So, for 375 kg of cement you will need approximately 1 cubic meter of perlite sand. The mixture is mixed with 300 liters of water; PVA glue can be used as a plasticizing additive in a volume of 4-5 liters. The glue is mixed in water, to which a dry mixture of perlite and cement is subsequently added;
• the volumetric ratio of cement and perlite is 1 to 5. For 290 liters of water, use 4-4.5 liters of PVA, 300 kg of cement and a cube of perlite;
  - by volume: 1 portion of cement, 2 portions of sand and 3 portions of perlite. Can be used as a supplement liquid soap or PVA in an amount of no more than 1% by weight of cement;
• 270 liters of water will require a cube of perlite and 190 kg of cement;
• 1 volume of cement, 4 volumes of perlite, approximately 0.1% by weight of cement, PVA glue;
• the volume ratio of cement to perlite is in the range of 1:4÷1:8. The additive can be liquid soap, detergent for dishes, PVA – up to 1% by weight of cement;
• pre-prepare the mixing solution (hereinafter referred to as RZ): dissolve the sodium salt of carboxymethylcellulose (CMC) in a measured volume of water in a volume of 0.5% of the expected volume of warm plaster, as well as plasticizers - 0.5% by weight of the subsequently added cement. All components are thoroughly mixed and the solution is allowed to settle until the viscosity of the CMC increases. Further variations are possible depending on what density the plaster needs to be obtained (bucket - 10 l). For example, for 12 liters of RZ add 12 liters of cement, 2 buckets of perlite, 2.5 buckets of sand (the density of the resulting solution is approximately 1500 kg per cubic meter). For the same volume of RP, 1.5 buckets of sand, 3 buckets of perlite, 1 bucket of cement are poured - a mixture with a density of 1200 kg per cube is obtained. For 20 liters you can mix about 5 buckets of perlite, 1 bucket of sand, 12 liters of cement - we get a solution with a density of about 800-900 kg per cubic meter

All these PVA and liquid soap can be replaced with superplasticizers, for example, from Poliplast. This component is very important, because it determines the behavior of the solution and the mixture’s need for the volume of mixing water.

You must understand that any recipes are given for guidance only. To achieve success, you will have to experiment with the ratio of components and test the resulting solutions in operation. And only after the mixture is ideal for your finishing conditions, you can mix large volumes. Pay special attention to the water absorption capacity of thermal insulation components. They actively retain moisture, which, if there is a lack of mixing water, can affect the technology of hardening the cement mixture.

Finally

If you do not perceive warm plaster as the only solution for insulating a residential building, but only as an opportunity to bring thermal characteristics buildings up to required values, then the result will not be long in coming. Using such a solution, you can simultaneously level the base and give it new properties. And don’t be afraid to experiment with making your own plaster – it will cost less than buying ready-made mixtures!